Conventional medical thought several decades ago was to restrict the amount of 
calcium intake in individuals with a history of calcium oxalate stones. In the 
past decade, several studies have suggested that increasing the intake of 
calcium may actually reduce the risk of calcium oxalate stone formation. The 
largest randomized trial of diet and stone recurrence was recently completed. 
Interestingly, individuals that had normal calcium intakes and lower intakes of 
protein and salt had a significantly reduced rate of calcium oxalate stone 
recurrence. This recent trial along with several past epidemiologic studies 
should be discussed with patients at high risk of stone recurrence. Currently, 
health professionals have a wealth of information that can be distributed to 
individuals at high risk of nephrolithiasis, and simple dietary recommendations 
may be one of the best ways to reduce the risk of calcium oxalate stones.