Metabolic Syndrome X is a clinical entity which comprises the following factors: 
diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, high levels of triglyceride and/or low 
levels of HDL cholesterol, central obesity and microalbuminuria (by WHO 
criteria). The first goal of this study was to determine the frequency of the 
Metabolic Syndrome X (MSX) in patients with acute myocardial infarction compared 
with the general population. The second goal of the study was to examine the 
frequency of heart failure and reinfarction rate in the patients with myocardial 
infarction, with and without MSX. Furthermore, the relationship between gender 
and MSX was analyzed. A total of 101 patients with acute myocardial infarction 
took part in randomized trial (32 women and 69 men). MSX and all of its 
components were diagnosed according to WHO criteria. To determine statistical 
significance of our results, we used chi2 test and t-test for independent 
samples. From 101 patient 48 had MSX (47.52%), while in the general population 
incidence of MSX is 3-4%. The reinfarction and the heart failure rate were 
significantly higher in the group of patients with MSX (p = 0.0067 and p = 
0.0217, respectively). To conclude, the results of the present study confirm 
that MSX is a high risk factor for myocardial infarction and its complications.