Craniosynostosis is a defect of the skull caused by early fusion of one or more 
of the cranial sutures and affects 3 to 5 individuals per 10,000 live births. 
Craniosynostosis can be divided into two main groups: syndromic and 
nonsyndromic. Nonsyndromic craniosynostosis is typically an isolated finding 
that is classified according to the suture(s) involved. Syndromic 
craniosynostosis is associated with various dysmorphisms involving the face, 
skeleton, nervous system, and other anomalies and is usually accompanied by 
developmental delay. More than 180 syndromes exist that contain 
craniosynostosis. Secondary effects of craniosynostosis may include vision 
problems and increased intracranial pressure, among others. The molecular basis 
of many types of syndromic craniosynostosis is known, and diagnostic testing 
strategies will often lead to a specific diagnosis.