A 45 year-old male with a butterfly glioma received stereotactic biopsy for 
histologic confirmation of the clinical diagnosis. Microscopically, the results 
were controversial since some biopsy specimens showed distinct inflammatory 
changes, while others displayed typical features of a malignant glioma. The 
patient died four days after the stereotactic approach due to therapy-resistant 
intracranial pressure rise. In addition to a large butterfly glioblastoma 
originating from the frontal part of the corpus callosum, neuropathologic 
examination revealed a mycotic encephalitis with formation of numerous 
fungi-containing inflammatory foci in all parts of the brain and in the glioma. 
General autopsy disclosed pulmonary aspergillosis as the source of the 
inflammatory spread. A previous steroid medication over several weeks for 
treatment of increased intracranial pressure may be considered as an important 
factor in the origin of the pulmonary aspergillosis complicating the butterfly 
glioma.