Medical research continues to focus on developing specific treatment strategies, 
including biological products that are effective and have a good safety profile. 
Due to their novelty, an updated overall view is offered on some neurological 
diseases which benefit from monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), for better treatment 
in clinical decisions. An extensive literature review was performed using PubMed 
with the following search terms: 'monoclonal antibodies' and 'history of 
monoclonal antibodies' and 'monoclonal antibodies in neurology'. The following 
information was collected: the era before the discoveries of mAbs, the stage of 
implementation of biotechnologies for mAbs, and the clinical trials submitted at 
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ with patients suffering from neurological diseases 
treated with mAbs. Since 2004, mAbs have been used to treat several neurological 
diseases, yielding new therapeutic perspectives: natalizumab, alemtuzumab and 
ocrelizumab for multiple sclerosis, eculizumab for myasthenia gravis, erenumab 
and frenazumab for migraine, galcanezumab for migraine and cluster headache, 
eculizumab for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. As in other cases, drug 
repurposing is applied to monoclonal antibodies, saving time and money. These 
innovative therapies are more effective and can treat previously untreatable 
diseases. As better understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of neurological 
diseases is gained, additional mAbs are expected to be developed at a lower cost 
and with better safety profile compared with current treatment options.