The discovery that bupropion is an effective treatment for tobacco dependence 
has triggered a rapid increase in development of potential new non-nicotine 
pharmacotherapies, including bromocriptine, glucose, GTS-21, reboxetine, 
rimonabant, selegeline and varenicline. Successful new products will need to 
have excellent side-effect profiles in addition to proven efficacy. New faster 
delivery nicotine replacement products have the promise of addressing a broader 
list of indications, including treatment of nicotine withdrawal during temporary 
abstinence and long-term nicotine maintenance. Nicotine vaccines will need to 
demonstrate efficacy and also improve certain consumer acceptability 
characteristics (e.g., frequency of injections required) before they can become 
widely used and successful therapies. The best hope of improved treatment comes 
from combining existing and new pharmacotherapies with effective behavioural 
therapy.