MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that are involved in several 
important biological processes through regulation of genes 
post-transcriptionally. Carcinogenesis is one of the key biological processes 
where miRNAs play important role in the regulation of genes. The miRNAs elicit 
their effects by binding to the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of their target 
mRNAs, leading to the inhibition of translation or the degradation of the mRNA, 
depending on the degree of complementary base pairing. To-date more than 1,000 
miRNAs are postulated to exist, although the field is moving rapidly. Currently, 
miRNAs are becoming the center of interest in a number of research areas, 
particularly in oncology, as documented by exponential growth in publications in 
the last decade. These studies have shown that miRNAs are deregulated in a wide 
variety of human cancers. Thus, it is reasonable to ask the question whether 
further understanding on the role of miRNAs could be useful for diagnosis, 
prognosis and predicting therapeutic response for prostate cancer (PCa). 
Therefore, in this review article, we will discuss the potential roles of 
different miRNAs in PCa in order to provide up-to-date information, which is 
expected to stimulate further research in the field for realizing the benefit of 
miRNA-targeted therapeutic approach for the treatment of metastatic castrate 
resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in the near future because there is no 
curative treatment for mCRPC at the moment.