Currently the only approved drug available for the systemic therapy of atopic 
dermatitis is cyclosporine; however, based on current data from published 
studies, azathioprine, methotrexate, and mycophenolate mofetil or mycophenolic 
acid can be administered off-label. Some biologics on the market that have been 
approved for other indications (ustekinumab, rituximab, tocilizumab) have been 
successfully used in a few patients with atopic dermatitis. The world's first 
prospective controlled studies with the biologic human anti-IL4R antibody 
dupilumab for the indication "atopic dermatitis" were published in 2014. These 
motivated (1) to extend the studies to dupilumab and (2) to clinically test 
antagonization of other target molecules of TH2 polarized, atopic inflammation, 
e.g., IL-13, IL-31, IL-22, TSLP, and CRTH2. A number of clinical trials are 
currently recruiting in this area and will provide interesting new insights for 
future therapeutic approaches in atopic dermatitis.