Normal brain tissue is probably the most important tissue compartment in the 
brain involved in adverse radiation effects (AREs). The capabilities of 
computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission 
tomography in repeat examinations of a treatment outcome provide a baseline by 
which to monitor the AREs in vivo and to follow their sequential changes. This 
article relates the AREs seen after radiosurgery to the dose/volume and specific 
tissue effects established from 30 years of collected experience with 
radiosurgery at the Karolinska Hospital.