Phthiriasis palpebrarum (PP) is a rare eyelid infestation caused by phthirus 
pubis. We report a case of PP mimicking lid eczema and blepharitis. A 
68-year-old woman had moderate itching in both eyes. Her initial diagnosis was 
considered to be lid eczema or blepharitis because of findings similar to 
exfoliative lesions and color changes in eyelids and to excretions over 
eyelashes. Careful observation revealed many lice and translucent nits, 
protuberances and hyperpigmentary changes, and the buried lice in both eyelids. 
No hyperemia or secretion was observed on the lids and in the conjunctiva in 
both eyes. The patient was treated with pilocarpine hydrochloride 4% drops. At 
the end of the first week, no louse or nit was present. Although it was known 
that PP is a rare cause of blepharoconjunctivitis, it might observe as an 
isolated infestation of the eyelids and this condition can easily be 
misdiagnosed as lid eczema and blepharitis.