A 54-year-old man presented with change in behaviour, nocturnal enuresis, 
abnormal limb movement and headache of one week's duration. The diagnosis of 
butterfly glioma (glioblastoma multiforme) was made based on imaging 
characteristics and was further confirmed by biopsy findings. As the corpus 
callosum is usually resistant to infiltration by tumours, a mass that involves 
and crosses the corpus callosum is suggestive of an aggressive neoplasm. Other 
neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions that may involve the corpus callosum 
and mimic a butterfly glioma, as well as associated imaging features, are 
discussed.