Morton's neuroma is a commonly encountered cause of forefoot pain, which may 
limit weight-bearing activities and footwear choices. Although the aetiology and 
pathomechanism of this condition is controversial, the histological endpoint is 
well established as benign perineural fibrosis of a common plantar digital 
nerve, typically within the third intermetatarsal space. The diagnosis of 
Morton's neuroma is mainly based on characteristic symptoms and clinical 
findings, but may be confirmed by ultrasonography. Although ultrasound is a 
highly accurate diagnostic tool for Morton's neuroma, it is subject to 
interoperator variability due to differences in technique and level of 
experience. In this paper, the authors review the anatomy of the common plantar 
digital nerves and surrounding structures in the forefoot, which are deemed 
relevant to the understanding of Morton's neuroma, especially from a sonographic 
point of view. Several theories of the pathomechanism of Morton's neuroma are 
briefly discussed. The main purpose of this article is to illustrate the 
ultrasound techniques for evaluating Morton's neuroma and performing 
ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injections.