Palamneus gravimanus envenomated rats showed dose-dependent alterations in serum 
biochemical parameters. Sub lethal doses of 100, 200, and 400 microg/kg of P. 
gravimanus venom were injected intramuscularly into rats. Blood samples were 
collected by heart puncture before and 4 h after crude venom administration. 
Serum was analyzed for glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid, total 
protein, cholesterol, sodium, potassium, inorganic phosphorus, alkaline 
phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST-SGOT), alanine amino-transferase 
(ALT-SGPT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatinine phosphokinase (CPK). 
Statistically significant increases in serum levels of glucose, creatinine, AST, 
ALT, BUN, CPK, and LDH and significant decreases in serum levels of total 
protein, uric acid, cholesterol, calcium, and potassium 4 h after venom 
administration could be due to the toxic action of P. gravimanus venom on 
certain organs in rats.