Metabolic syndrome significantly increases the risk for cardiovascular disease 
and chronic kidney disease. The increased risk for cardiovascular diseases can 
partly be caused by a prothrombotic state that exists because of abdominal 
obesity. Multiple observational studies have consistently shown that increased 
body mass index as well as insulin resistance and increased fasting insulin 
levels is associated with chronic kidney disease, even after adjustment for 
related disorders. Metabolic syndrome appears to be a risk factor for chronic 
kidney disease, likely due to the combination of dysglycemia and high blood 
pressure. Metabolic syndrome is associated with markedly reduced renal clinical 
benefit and increased progression to hemodialysis following endovascular 
intervention for atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis. Metabolic syndrome is 
associated with inferior early outcomes for dialysis access procedures.