Approximately 5% to 10% of breast and ovarian cancers are related to an 
inherited gene mutation. Of these cases, 84% of hereditary breast cancer and 
more than 90% of hereditary ovarian cancer are caused by mutations in the BRCA1 
or BRCA2 genes. Family histories of cancer are an essential tool in identifying 
features of and individuals at risk for hereditary breast-ovarian cancer 
syndrome. The risk to carry an identifiable BRCA gene mutation can be assessed 
by trained healthcare providers using various pre-test risk models. Individuals 
who carry a BRCA gene mutation have increased lifetime risks of developing 
hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome-related cancers. Genetic testing 
for the BRCA gene mutations is offered in accordance with American Society of 
Clinical Oncology guidelines. In accordance with guidelines, patients are 
informed of the risks, benefits, and limitations of testing prior to electing to 
undergo the testing process. Upon receipt of results, healthcare providers offer 
the patient with appropriate medical management recommendations.