The tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) against epidermal growth factor receptor 
(EGFR) are widely used in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). 
However, EGFR T790M mutation leads to resistance to most clinically available 
EGFR TKIs. Third-generation EGFR TKIs against the T790M mutation have been in 
active clinical development. These agents include osimertinib, rociletinib, 
HM61713, ASP8273, EGF816, and PF-06747775. Osimertinib and rociletinib have 
shown clinical efficacy in phase I/II trials in patients who had acquired 
resistance to first- or second-generation TKIs. Osimertinib (AZD9291, TAGRISSO) 
was recently approved by FDA for metastatic EGFR T790M mutation-positive NSCLC. 
HM61713, ASP8237, EGF816, and PF-06747775 are still in early clinical 
development. This article reviews the emerging data regarding third-generation 
agents against EGFR T790M mutation in the treatment of patients with advanced 
NSCLC.