Food allergies are a growing public health concern with an estimated 8% of US 
children affected. Peanut allergies are also on the rise and often do not 
spontaneously resolve, leaving individuals at-risk for potentially 
life-threatening anaphylaxis throughout their lifetime. Currently, two forms of 
peanut immunotherapy, oral immunotherapy (OIT) and epicutaneous immunotherapy 
(EPIT), are in Phase III clinical trials and have shown promise to induce 
desensitization in many subjects. However, there are several limitations with 
OIT and EPIT, such as allergic side effects, daily dosing requirements, and the 
infrequent outcome of long-term tolerance. Next-generation therapies for peanut 
allergy should aim to overcome these limitations, which may be achievable with 
adjuvanted immunotherapy. An adjuvant can be defined as anything that enhances, 
accelerates, or modifies an immune response to a particular antigen. Adjuvants 
may allow for lower doses of antigen to be given leading to decreased side 
effects; may only need to be administered every few weeks or months rather than 
daily exposures; and may induce a long-lasting protective effect. In this review 
article, we highlight examples of adjuvants and formulations that have shown 
pre-clinical efficacy in treating peanut allergy.