Oesophageal atresia is a congenital defect of alimentary tract concerning the 
interruption of oesophagus with or without connection with the trachea. Its 
incidence is 1:3000-3500 of live-born. Associated anomalies including genetic 
disorders occur in 50% of patients. Edwards syndrome which is trisomy of 
chromosome 18 with poor prognosis. The incidence of Edwards syndrome is 1:5000 
of live-born. About 5% of these children live more than 1 year. The aim of this 
article is a retrospective analysis of the course of treatment of newborn with 
oesophageal atresia and Edwards syndrome and making of therapeutic decision. The 
authors from different medical specializations: clinical genetics, paediatric 
surgery, paediatrics and neonatology, paediatric intensive care and palliative 
medicine, have undertaken a discussion regarding surgical treatment of children 
with oesophageal atresia and chromosomal, lethal syndrome.