Genome mapping in the dog is in its early stages. Here we illustrate an approach 
to combined physical and linkage mapping of type 1 anchor (gene) loci in the dog 
using information on syntenic homology from human and mouse, an interbreed 
cross/backcross, and a strategy for isolation of dog genomic clones containing 
both gene-specific sequences and simple sequence repeat polymorphisms. Eleven 
gene loci from human chromosome 17q (HSA17q) were mapped to the centromeric 
two-thirds of dog chromosome 9 (CFA9), an acrocentric chromosome of medium size: 
P4HB, GALK1, TK1, GH1, MYL4, BRCA1, RARA, THRA1, MPO, NF1, and CRYBA1. Eight of 
these were also positioned on a linkage map spanning 38.6 cM. Based on combined 
fluorescence in situ hybridization and linkage mapping, the gene order on CFA9 
is similar to that of the homologous genes on HSA17q and mouse chromosome 11 
(MMU11), but in the dog the gene order is inverted with respect to the 
centromere. Canine loci, GALK1, TK1, GH1, MYL4, THRA1, and RARA constitute a 
closely linked group near the centromeric end of CFA9, spanning a genetic 
distance of only 4.7 cM. Canine NF1 and CRYBA1 lie distally, near the lower 
border of the Giemsa band adjacent to the distal one-third of CFA9. NF1 and 
CRYBA1 are loosely linked to the more centromeric group (31.2 cM). No HSA17 
genes were found on the telomeric one-third of CFA9. Painting of dog chromosomes 
with a human whole chromosome 17 probe showed hybridization with only the 
proximal two-thirds of CFA9, consistent with the conclusion that the distal 
one-third corresponds to a segment or segments of other human chromosomes. Two 
loci, GLUT4 and PMP22, located on HSA17p, were mapped by FISH to dog chromosome 
5 in a region also identified by the whole human chromosome 17 paint, indicating 
disruption of HSA17 syntenic homology at the centromere.