Neurological disorders caused by pregnancy and puerperium include the posterior 
reversible encephalopathy syndrome, the amniotic fluid embolism syndrome (AFES), 
the postpartum angiopathy due to reversible vasoconstriction syndrome, and the 
Sheehan syndrome. Hypertension and proteinuria are the hallmarks of 
preeclampsia, seizures define eclampsia. Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and 
low platelets constitute the HELLP syndrome. Vision disturbances including 
cortical blindness occur in the posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome 
(PRES). The Sheehan syndrome presents with panhypopituitarism post partum due to 
apoplexia of the pituitary gland in severe peripartal blood loss leading to 
longstanding hypotension. Some neurological disorders occur during pregnancy and 
puerperium with an increased frequency. These include stroke, sinus thrombosis, 
the restless legs syndrome and peripheral nerve syndromes, especially the carpal 
tunnel syndrome. Chronic neurologic diseases need an interdisciplinary approach 
during pregnancy. Some anticonvulsants double the risk of birth defects. The 
highest risk exists for valproic acid, the lowest for lamotrigine and 
levetiracetam. For MS interval treatment, glatiramer acetate and interferones 
seem to be safe during pregnancy. All other drugs should be avoided.