A 48-year-old man with polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal 
gammopathy, and skin changes (POEMS) syndrome had bilateral optic disc edema 
(ODE), bilateral cystoid macular edema (CME), anasarca, and elevated serum 
vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). This is the first reported example of 
ophthalmoscopic, angiographic, and optical coherence tomographic evidence of the 
combination of ODE and CME in this syndrome. This combination of features 
suggests that the ODE in this condition may be due to increased vascular 
permeability.