Zika virus belongs to Aedes mosquito-borne flavivirus. In response to the 
current cluster of congenital malformations (microcephaly) and other 
neurological complications (Guillain-Barré Syndrome) that could be linked to 
Zika virus infection, WHO declares that Zika virus is of global public health 
importance. Data sources were from peer review articles and WHO documents. The 
sources of Zika virus infection would include patients, people with asymptomatic 
infections and primates. The infectious period of Zika virus remains unclear. 
However, according to the period that RNA of Zika virus can be positively 
detected in blood, saliva, urine or semen, we can presume that the communicable 
period may last for 2 months or even longer. Zika virus is primarily transmitted 
to humans by infected Aedes spp. mosquitoes. Presumptive vertical, blood or 
sexual routes of transmission have been reported. More evidence indicated the 
existence of a cause-effect relationship between Zika virus infection and 
congenital microcephaly/Guillain-Barre syndrome. Strategies include successful 
control the amount of mosquitoes and minimize the contacts between mosquitoes 
and human beings could effectively prevent the Zika virus transmission. Other 
preventive measures as cutting off vertical, blood or sexual routes of 
transmission should also be adopted. The epidemiology of Zika virus remains 
uncertain which calls for further research.