CONTEXT: Kidney-related pathologies have increasing prevalence rates, produce a 
considerable financial burden, and are characterized by elevated levels of 
oxidative stress (OS).
OBJECTIVE: This review examines relationships between chronic kidney disease 
(CKD) and markers of OS and antioxidant status (AS).
METHODS: A systematic review of MEDLINE-indexed clinical trials, randomized 
controlled trials and comparative studies that examined OS and AS was performed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Several markers emerged as well-suited indicators of OS 
and AS in CKD: malondialdehyde, F2-isoprostanes, lipid hydroperoxides, 
asymmetric dimethylarginine, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine, protein 
carbonyls, advanced oxidation protein products and glutathione-related activity.