Uterine leiomyomas represent the most common form of benign gynecological tumors 
affecting 20-40% of women during their life. Several therapeutic options are 
available for treating these patients. The use of medical treatment for myomas 
has largely grown in the last years, in particular for women who would refuse, 
postpone or are not candidates for surgery. In the last years, the clinical 
investigation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists (GnRH-ants) 
has emerged. This class of drugs exerts pure competitive antagonistic activity 
on the GnRH receptor at the pituitary gland, producing an immediate stop in the 
release of gonadotropins and sex steroids. Relugolix is an orally active 
nonpeptide GnRH-ant, recently licensed for marketing in Japan for the treatment 
of symptoms related to uterine myomas. Currently, several phase III clinical 
trials are ongoing to evaluate this molecule in this setting in the U.S. and 
Europe.