Double-contrast barium enema (DCBE), transrectal endoscopic ultrasonography 
(REU), multidetector computerized tomography enema (MDCT-e), and computed 
tomography colonoscopy (CTC) have been successfully used for the diagnosis of 
bowel endometriosis. DCBE provides a complete overview of the entire colon and 
allows detecting cecal nodules. The accuracy of DCBE is operator dependent and, 
thus, it may have low specificity. It does not allow identifying the cause of 
the mass effect. DCBE requires the administration of barium and exposure to 
radiation. REU precisely estimates the distance between the rectosigmoid nodule 
and the anal verge. However, it allows investigating only the distal part of 
rectosigmoid, it misses anterior pelvic lesions, and it has poor sensitivity for 
the diagnosis of endometriomas. MDCT-e is accurate and reproducible in 
diagnosing intestinal endometriosis and in assessing its characteristics: the 
largest diameter of the nodule, the distance between the distal part of the 
nodule and the anal verge, and depth of infiltration of endometriosis in the 
intestinal wall. MDCT-e requires the administration of iodinated contrast medium 
(CM) and the exposure to radiations. CTC has good performance in the diagnosis 
of rectosigmoid endometriosis. It allows estimating the degree of intestinal 
stenosis CTC, and the distance between the intestinal endometriotic nodule and 
the anal verge. It requires exposure to radiations, and it may require the 
administration of an iodinated CM.