BACKGROUND: Quantitative relaxation time measurements by cardiovascular magnetic 
resonance (CMR) are of paramount importance in contrast-enhanced studies of 
experimental myocardial infarction. First, compared to qualitative measurements 
based on signal intensity changes, they are less sensitive to specific parameter 
choices, thereby allowing for better comparison between different studies or 
during longitudinal studies. Secondly, T1 measurements may allow for 
quantification of local contrast agent concentrations. In this study, a recently 
developed 3D T1 mapping technique was applied in a mouse model of myocardial 
infarction to measure differences in myocardial T1 before and after injection of 
a liposomal contrast agent. This was then used to assess the concentration of 
accumulated contrast agent.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury was induced in 8 
mice by transient ligation of the LAD coronary artery. Baseline quantitative T1 
maps were made at day 1 after surgery, followed by injection of a Gd-based 
liposomal contrast agent. Five mice served as control group, which followed the 
same protocol without initial surgery. Twenty-four hours post-injection, a 
second T1 measurement was performed. Local ΔR1 values were compared with 
regional wall thickening determined by functional cine CMR and correlated to ex 
vivo Gd concentrations determined by ICP-MS.
RESULTS: Compared to control values, pre-contrast T1 of infarcted myocardium was 
slightly elevated, whereas T1 of remote myocardium did not significantly differ. 
Twenty-four hours post-contrast injection, high ΔR1 values were found in regions 
with low wall thickening values. However, compared to remote tissue (wall 
thickening > 45%), ΔR1 was only significantly higher in severe infarcted tissue 
(wall thickening < 15%). A substantial correlation (r = 0.81) was found between 
CMR-based ΔR1 values and Gd concentrations from ex vivo ICP-MS measurements. 
Furthermore, regression analysis revealed that the effective relaxivity of the 
liposomal contrast agent was only about half the value determined in vitro.
CONCLUSIONS: 3D cardiac T1 mapping by CMR can be used to monitor the 
accumulation of contrast agents in contrast-enhanced studies of murine 
myocardial infarction. The contrast agent relaxivity was decreased under in vivo 
conditions compared to in vitro measurements, which needs consideration when 
quantifying local contrast agent concentrations.