Tivozanib hydrochloride monohydrate (tivozanib; formerly KRN-951, AV-951) is a 
potent pan-VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. The biological activity of 
tivozanib seems to outstand that of other VEGF tyrosine kinase inhibitors. In 
Phase I studies, observed side effects are generally mild, with hypertension 
being the most common adverse event. In single-agent Phase II and III studies in 
patients with advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma, tivozanib has 
demonstrated convincing clinical activity. Further clinical trials of tivozanib 
combined with various cytotoxic drug regimens as well as other classes of 
target-specific anticancer agents (e.g., mTOR inhibitors) for other indications 
are underway. Tivozanib has not yet been approved for regular use.