Antiresorptive agents for treating postmenopausal osteoporosis include selective 
estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), bisphosphonates and denoumab. Teriparatide 
is the only Food and Drug Administration-approved anabolic agent. Synergistic 
effects of combining teriparatide with an antiresorptive agent have been 
proposed and studied. This article reviews the trial designs and the outcomes of 
combination therapies. Results of the combination therapy for teriparatide and 
bisphosphonates were mixed; while small increases of bone density were observed 
in the combination therapy of teriparatide and estrogen/SERM and that of 
teriparatide and denosumab. Those clinical studies were limited by small sample 
sizes and lack of fracture outcomes.