Hereditary neuropathies are classified into several subtypes according to 
clinical, electrophysiologic and pathologic findings. Recent genetic studies 
have revealed their phenotypic and genetic diversities. In the primary 
peripheral demyelinating neuropathies(CMT1), at least 9 genes have been 
associated with the disorders; altered dosage of peripheral myelin protein 
22(PMP22) or point mutation of PMP22, the gap junction protein 1(GJB1), the 
myelin protein zero gene(MPZ), the early growth response gene 2(EGR2), the 
myotubularin-related protein 2 gene(MTMR2), the N-myc downstream-regulated gene 
1 (NDRG1), the L-periaxin gene(PRX), SRY-related HMG-BOX gene 10(SOX10) and the 
ganglioside-induced differentiation-associated protein 1 gene(GDAP1). In the 
primary peripheral axonal neuropathies(CMT2), at least 8 genes have been 
associated with these disorders; the neurofilament light chain gene(NEFL), the 
kinesin 1B gene(KIF1B), the gigaxonin gene(GAN1), Lamin A/C(LMNA) and 
tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1(TDP1). In addition, some mutations in GJB1, MPZ 
and GDAP1 also present with clinical and electrophysiologic findings of CMT2. 
Mutation of NEFL or KIF1B cause dominantly inherited axonal neuropathies, 
whereas mutation of GJB1 or MPZ can present as genocopies of dominant axonal 
neuropathies. In addition to the above diseases, we have reported a new type of 
NMSNP(MIM # *604484) characterized by proximal dominant neurogenic atrophy, 
obvious sensory nerve involvement and the gene locus on 3q13. Here, we summarize 
the genetic bases of hereditary neuropathies and attempt to highlight 
significant genotype-phenotype correlations.