Glossodynia (synonym: burning mouth syndrome) is thought to be a disorder with a 
wide range of possible causes. Aetiologies may include haematological diseases, 
vitamin deficiencies, dental work, hormonal factors, or infections. In addition, 
psychological disorders such as neuroses, depression, or phobias have been 
reported as playing a significant role in the initiation of burning mouth 
syndrome. Typically, the oral mucosa is found to be normal in most burning mouth 
syndrome patients. A multidisciplinary approach appears to be essential for 
appropriate assessment of this disorder, i.e. the diagnostic procedure should 
involve dentistry, neurology, and internal medicine. If possible, careful 
treatment of underlying causes must be undertaken. However, the replacement of 
suspected but unproven hormonal/nutritional deficiencies should be avoided.