Leprosy is a chronic disease with clinical presentations according to the 
immunologic spectrum. Lepromatous form is the most advanced, with the highest 
transmissibility and risk of causing disabilities. Lucio's phenomenon is a rare 
manifestation among lepromatous patients with a rapid and severe evolution and 
high mortality. It is difficult to differentiate from ulcerative/necrotic 
erythema nodosum leprosum and has no consensus on how it should be treated. This 
article is a qualitative review of the literature after the introduction of 
multidrug therapy, aiming to bring consensus related to the clinical, laboratory 
and histopathological diagnostic criteria of the disease and its management.