The genus Anaplasma belonging to the Anaplasmataceae family (order 
Rickettsiales) comprises obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacteria of 
veterinary and public health importance. Six species and five types of strains 
genetically related are currently assigned to the genus Anaplasma including 
Anaplasma marginale, A. centrale, A. bovis, A. phagocytophilum, A. ovis and A. 
platys as classified species, and "A. capra", A. odocolei sp. nov., A. 
phagocytophilum-like 1 (Anaplasma sp.-Japan), A. phagocytophilum-like 2 
(Anaplasma sp.-China) and A. platys-like (also named Candidatus Anaplasma 
camelii) as unclassified strains. Most of these Anaplasma species and strains 
have been molecularly identified in several animal and/or tick species in the 
north of Africa. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge 
about molecular epidemiology, associated risk factors and genetic diversity of 
Anaplasma species and related strains infecting animals and/or their 
incriminated tick vectors in North Africa. All these data should be considered 
when establishing of common management and control programs for anaplasmosis 
infecting humans and different animal species in North African countries.