On April 26, 2007, a patient from Alberta, Canada, died after 9 weeks in an 
intensive care unit (ICU) from encephalitis caused by a rabies virus variant 
associated with silver-haired bats. This report summarizes the clinical course 
of disease in that patient, who was treated using the Milwaukee Protocol, an 
experimental treatment protocol similar to one used for the rabies survivor 
described in 2005. This report also describes the subsequent epidemiologic 
investigations by three regional public health departments in Alberta. Rabies 
continues to be a cause of human death in the developed and developing world. 
The findings in this report underscore the need for continued public education 
that promotes rabies prevention and postexposure prophylaxis while emphasizing 
the importance of bat exposure in rabies transmission.