Whereas the treatment of MM was dependent solely on alkylating agents and 
corticosteroids during the prior three decades, the landscape of therapeutic 
measures to treat the disease began to expand enormously early in the current 
century. The introduction of new classes of small-molecule drugs, such as 
proteasome blockers (bortezomib and carfilzomib), immunomodulators (lenalidomide 
and pomalidomide), nuclear export inhibitors (selinexor), and histone 
deacetylase blockers (panobinostat), as well as the application of autologous 
stem cell transplantation (ASCT), resulted in a seismic shift in how the disease 
is treated. The picture changed dramatically once again starting with the 2015 
FDA approval of two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) - the anti-CD38 daratumumab and 
the anti-SLAMF7 elotuzumab. Daratumumab, in particular, has had a great impact 
on MM therapy and today is often included in various regimens to treat the 
disease, both in newly diagnosed cases and in the relapse/refractory setting. 
Recently, other immunotherapies have been added to the arsenal of drugs 
available to fight this malignancy. These include isatuximab (also anti-CD38) 
and, in the past year, the antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) belantamab mafodotin 
and the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell product idecabtagene vicleucel 
(ide-cel). While the accumulated benefits of these newer agents have resulted in 
a doubling of the disease's five-year survival rate to more than 5 years and 
improved quality of life, the disease remains incurable. Almost without 
exception patients experience relapse and/or become refractory to the drugs 
used, making the search for innovative therapies all the more essential. This 
review covers the current scope of anti-myeloma immunotherapeutic agents, both 
those in clinical use and on the horizon, including naked mAbs, ADCs, bi- and 
multi-targeted mAbs, and CAR T-cells. Emphasis is placed on the benefits of each 
along with the challenges that need to be overcome if MM is to be considered 
curable in the future.