Moschcowitz's syndrome is a rare condition with poor prognosis. It is 
characterized by a microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia associated with 
thrombocytopenia, neurological symptoms and renal involvement. The vascular 
lesions consist of hyaline microthrombi, predominantly made up of platelet 
aggregates, disseminated in the smaller vessels. The physiopathological 
mechanisms are still poorly understood and probably multiple. Recent studies 
have demonstrated abnormalities in the endothelial synthesis of prostacyclin, 
and in many cases the lack of a plasma factor has been held responsible for 
intravascular disseminated platelet aggregation. The latest therapeutic attempts 
suggest that the most effective treatment probably is fresh plasma transfusions 
associated or not with plasma exchanges.