Arboviruses - viruses transmitted by haematophagous arthropods - are responsible 
for febrile syndromes, which sometimes include haemorrhagic or neurological 
symptoms. Human activities have facilitated the emergence of these originally 
zoonotic viruses and the domestication and spread throughout the world of their 
major vectors. The last decade has seen significant changes in the epidemiology 
of arboviruses transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus Aedes, particularly in 
relation to the intercontinental spread of Aedes albopictus. Here, we address 
the epidemiological consequences of the invasion by this species into Central 
Africa and Europe in a context of viral globalization. The risk of transmission 
in these areas is influenced by virus-vector adaptation phenomena as well as 
environmental phenomena including climate. Faced with these new risks, it is 
essential to develop competences in entomological and virological surveillance, 
risk assessment and forecasting of epidemic risk in order to develop strategies 
for the prevention and control of epidemics.