This study was designed to investigate the antioxidant and anti-aging effects of 
D-galatose-induced (D-gal-induced) aging mice as well as monosaccharide 
compositions of acidic-extractable polysaccharides (AcAPS) and its major 
purified fractions (AcAPS-1, AcAPS-2 and AcAPS-3) from the fruiting body of 
Agaricus bisporus. In the in vitro assays, AcAPS-2 showed superior scavenging 
activities on hydroxyl (82.98±4.67%) and DPPH (64.47±4.05%) radicals at the 
concentration of 1.0mg/mL than AcAPS and other polysaccharides fractions. For in 
vivo anti-aging analysis, AcAPS-2 showed superior effects on hepatic and nephric 
protection by improving serum enzyme activities, biochemical levels, lipid 
contents and antioxidant status, respectively. The monosaccharide analysis 
showed that rhamnose (Rha) and glucose (Glu) may play vital roles in maintaining 
the antioxidant and anti-aging activities. The results suggested that both AcAPS 
and its purified fractions might be suitable for functional foods and natural 
drugs in preventing the acute aging-associated diseases.