The hepatic expression of the cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor 
A-like effector family (CIDEA, CIDEB, and CIDEC) genes is markedly upregulated 
in mouse models of obesity. We evaluated the expression of CIDE genes in liver 
of obese human subjects undergoing gastric bypass surgery (GBS), at the time of 
surgery and again 1 year later when subjects had lost 37.6 +/- 1.4% of their 
initial body weight. At the time of GBS, the expression of CIDEA (r(2) = 0.20, P 
= 0.04) and CIDEC (r(2) = 0.32, P = 0.01) was strongly correlated with BMI, 
whereas CIDEB was not (r(2) = 0.01, P = 0.81). One year after surgery, CIDEC 
expression had declined over 60% (P = 0.02), whereas CIDEA expression did not 
change (P = 0.20). These data demonstrate that, consistent with previous studies 
conducted in rodents, hepatic expression of CIDEA and CIDEC, but not CIDEB, is 
increased in obese humans. Moreover, the hepatic expression of CIDEC is 
downregulated by marked weight loss.