Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is the leading cause of death 
associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19. IGF-1 has been implicated in 
ARDS, yet its role in relation to COVID-19-related lung injury has not been 
investigated. We hypothesize that blockage of the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) 
mitigates lung injury and decreases the risk of death in patients 
COVID-19-related ARDS. Patients with fibroproliferative ARDS have been shown to 
have increased IGF-1 and IGF-1R staining in lung tissue specimens. Rising levels 
of IGF-1 in bronchioalveolar fluid (BAL) and increased IGF-1 mRNA expression in 
lung tissues (but declining serum IGF-1 levels) have been found in late stage 
ARDS compared with early lung injury. Blockage of IGF-1R decreases lung tissue 
damage and increases survival in bleomycin-induced as well as H1N1 
influenza-related lung injury in animal models. Teprotumumab is a monoclonal 
antibody directed against the IGF-1R that was FDA-approved in 2020 for the 
treatment of Graves' orbitopathy. In order to determine if teprotumumab may 
reduce lung injury and death related to ARDS in the setting of COVID-19, 
preliminary clinical data is needed. IGF-1 levels in serum and BAL fluid must be 
measured in patients with COVID-19-related ARDS. Histopathology from lung 
samples from patients with COVID-19-related ARDS must be examined for increased 
expression of the IGF-1R. Once these are ascertained, and if the data support 
IGF-1 involvement, a randomized, placebo-controlled phase 2A trial of 
teprotumumab therapy in the setting of COVID-19-related ARDS and 
non-COVID-19-related ARDS designed to generate initial data on short-term 
efficacy, safety, dosing and administration should be performed.