Amblyopia is the most common cause of monocular visual impairment in children, 
with a prevalence of 2-3%. Not only is visual acuity reduced in one eye but 
binocular vision is affected, fellow eye deficits may be present, eye-hand 
coordination and reading can be affected, and self-perception may be diminished. 
New technologies for preschool vision screening hold promise for accessible, 
early, and accurate detection of amblyopia. Together with recent advances in our 
theoretical understanding of amblyopia and technological advances in amblyopia 
treatment, we anticipate improved visual outcomes for children affected by this 
very common eye condition. This article is based on previously conducted studies 
and does not contain any new studies with human participants or animals 
performed by any of the authors.