Author information:
(1)Department of clinical laboratory, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 
Yinghua Dongjie, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100029, China.
(2)Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical 
University, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging infectious Diseases, No. 8 
Jingshundongjie, Beijing, 100015, China.
(3)State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, and 
National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese 
Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
(4)Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious 
Diseases, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
(5)National Reference Laboratory for Clostridium difficile, Faculté de Médecine 
Pierre et Marie Curie and Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de 
Paris, Paris, 75012, France.
(6)The Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, 
China.
(7)Department of clinical laboratory, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 
Yinghua Dongjie, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100029, China. caoyongtong92@sina.com.
(8)Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-warning on Infectious Disease, 
Division of Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and 
Prevention, 155 Changbai Road, Changping, Beijing, 102206, China. 
chengying@chinacdc.cn.
(9)Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical 
University, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging infectious Diseases, No. 8 
Jingshundongjie, Beijing, 100015, China. chenchen.bj2008@163.com.
(10)State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, and 
National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese 
Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China. 
chenchen.bj2008@163.com.