Recently, there has been growing interest in applying bioprinting techniques to 
stem cell research. Several bioprinting methods have been developed utilizing 
acoustics, piezoelectricity, and lasers to deposit living cells onto receiving 
substrates. Using these technologies, spatially defined gradients of immobilized 
biomolecules can be engineered to direct stem cell differentiation into multiple 
subpopulations of different lineages. Stem cells can also be patterned in a 
high-throughput manner onto flexible implementation patches for tissue 
regeneration or onto substrates with the goal of accessing encapsulated stem 
cells of interest for genomic analysis. Here, we review recent achievements with 
bioprinting technologies in stem cell research, and identify future challenges 
and potential applications including tissue engineering and regenerative 
medicine, wound healing, and genomics.