We are now in an aging population, so neurological disorders, particularly the 
neurodegenerative diseases, are becoming more prevalent in society. As per the 
epidemiological studies, Europe alone suffers 35% of the burden, indicating an 
alarming rate of disease progression. Further, treatment for these disorders is 
a challenging area due to the presence of the tightly regulated blood-brain 
barrier and its unique ability to protect the brain from xenobiotics. 
Conventional therapeutics, although effective, remain critically below levels of 
optimum therapeutic efficacy. Hence, methods to overcome the blood-brain barrier 
are currently a focus of research. Nanotechnological applications are gaining 
paramount importance in addressing this question, and yielding some promising 
results. This review addresses the pathophysiology of the more common 
neurological disorders and novel drug candidates, along with targeted 
nanoparticle applications for brain delivery.