Diabetes and obesity have become the most popular metabolic diseases in the 
world. A large number of previous studies have shown that glucose and lipid 
metabolism disorder is an important risk factor and a main cause of diabetes and 
obesity. Schistosoma is a parasite transmitted by freshwater snails. It can 
induce a series of inflammatory and immune reactions after infecting the human 
body, causing schistosomiasis. However, in recent years, studies have found that 
Schistosoma infection or Schistosoma related products can improve or prevent 
some immune and inflammatory diseases, such as severe asthma, inflammatory bowel 
disease, diabetes and so on. Further experiments have also revealed that 
Schistosoma can promote the secretion of anti-inflammatory factors and regulate 
the glucose and lipid metabolism in the host body by polarizing immune cells 
such as T cells, B cells and dendritic cells (DCs). In this review, we summarize 
studies that investigated Schistosoma and Schistosoma-derived products and their 
relationship with glycolipid metabolism and related diseases, highlighting 
potential protective mechanisms.