During the last century, several approaches have been used for the development 
of vaccines, going from the immunization with live-attenuated bacteria up to the 
formulation of the safer subunit vaccines. This conventional approach to vaccine 
development requires cultivation of the pathogen and its dissection using 
biochemical, immunological and microbiological methods. Although successful in 
several cases, this method is time-consuming and failed to provide a solution 
for many human pathogens. Now genomic approaches allow for the design of 
vaccines starting from the prediction of all antigens in silico, independently 
of their abundance and without the need to grow the microorganism in vitro. A 
new strategy, termed "Reverse Vaccinology", which has been successfully applied 
in the last few years, has revolutionized the approach to vaccine research. The 
Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B project, the first example of Reverse 
Vaccinology, as well as the application of this strategy to develop novel 
vaccines against other human pathogens are discussed.