Multiple novel therapeutic agents against acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have been 
evaluated in the past several decades without meaningful clinical improvement in 
outcomes, especially for AML patients age ≥60, where the overall incidence of 
AML is highest. Therapeutic options mainly consist of hypomethylating agents, 
ongoing clinical trials and, less commonly, intensive cytotoxic chemotherapy. 
CPX-351, a novel liposomal formulation which encapsulates cytarabine and 
daunorubicin in 5:1 molar ratio, has shown promising efficacy, leading to recent 
US FDA approval for front-line therapy for patients with therapy-related AML and 
AML with myelodysplasia-related changes based on a large multicenter Phase III 
clinical trial. This review summarizes the clinical development of CPX-351 as 
induction therapy.