document_html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<HTML class="client-js ve-not-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"><HEAD>

<TITLE>How to Win Friends and Influence People - Wikipedia</TITLE>

<LINK rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?debug=false&lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.math.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cmediawiki.legacy.commonPrint%2Cshared%7Cmediawiki.sectionAnchor%7Cmediawiki.skinning.interface%7Cskins.vector.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector" />

<STYLE>
.referencetooltip{position:absolute;list-style:none;list-style-image:none;opacity:0;font-size:10px;margin:0;z-index:5;padding:0}.referencetooltip li{border:#080086 2px solid;max-width:260px;padding:10px 8px 13px 8px;margin:0px;background-color:#F7F7F7;-webkit-box-shadow:2px 4px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);-moz-box-shadow:2px 4px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);box-shadow:2px 4px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.3)}.referencetooltip li+li{margin-left:7px;margin-top:-2px;border:0;padding:0;height:3px;width:0px;background-color:transparent;-webkit-box-shadow:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;border-top:12px #080086 solid;border-right:7px transparent solid;border-left:7px transparent solid}.referencetooltip>li+li::after{content:'';border-top:8px #F7F7F7 solid;border-right:5px transparent solid;border-left:5px transparent solid;margin-top:-12px;margin-left:-5px;z-index:1;height:0px;width:0px;display:block}.client-js body .referencetooltip li li{border:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;height:auto;width:auto;margin:auto;padding:0;position:static}.RTflipped{padding-top:13px}.referencetooltip.RTflipped li+li{position:absolute;top:2px;border-top:0;border-bottom:12px #080086 solid}.referencetooltip.RTflipped li+li::after{border-top:0;border-bottom:8px #F7F7F7 solid;position:absolute;margin-top:7px}.RTsettings{float:right;height:24px;width:24px;cursor:pointer;background-image:url(//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/OOjs_UI_icon_advanced.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_advanced.svg.png);background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/OOjs_UI_icon_advanced.svg);margin-top:-9px;margin-right:-7px;-webkit-transition:opacity 0.15s;-moz-transition:opacity 0.15s;-ms-transition:opacity 0.15s;-o-transition:opacity 0.15s;transition:opacity 0.15s;opacity:0.6;filter:alpha(opacity=60)}.RTsettings:hover{opacity:1;filter:alpha(opacity=100)}.RTTarget{border:#080086 2px solid}
.wp-teahouse-question-form{position:absolute;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;background-color:#f4f3f0;border:1px solid #a7d7f9;padding:1em}#wp-th-question-ask{float:right}.wp-teahouse-ask a.external{background-image:none !important}.wp-teahouse-respond-form{position:absolute;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;background-color:#f4f3f0;border:1px solid #a7d7f9;padding:1em}.wp-th-respond{float:right}.wp-teahouse-respond a.external{background-image:none !important}
.cite-accessibility-label{ top:-99999px;clip:rect( 1px 1px 1px 1px ); clip:rect( 1px,1px,1px,1px ); position:absolute !important;padding:0 !important;border:0 !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important; overflow:hidden}
.mw-ui-icon-popups-settings:before{background-image:url(/w/load.php?modules=ext.popups.images&image=popups-settings&format=rasterized&lang=en&skin=vector&version=1sqd225);background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 viewBox=%220 0 24 24%22%3E %3Cpath fill=%22%2354595d%22 d=%22M20 14.5v-2.9l-1.8-.3c-.1-.4-.3-.8-.6-1.4l1.1-1.5-2.1-2.1-1.5 1.1c-.5-.3-1-.5-1.4-.6L13.5 5h-2.9l-.3 1.8c-.5.1-.9.3-1.4.6L7.4 6.3 5.3 8.4l1 1.5c-.3.5-.4.9-.6 1.4l-1.7.2v2.9l1.8.3c.1.5.3.9.6 1.4l-1 1.5 2.1 2.1 1.5-1c.4.2.9.4 1.4.6l.3 1.8h3l.3-1.8c.5-.1.9-.3 1.4-.6l1.5 1.1 2.1-2.1-1.1-1.5c.3-.5.5-1 .6-1.4l1.5-.3zM12 16c-1.7 0-3-1.3-3-3s1.3-3 3-3 3 1.3 3 3-1.3 3-3 3z%22/%3E %3C/svg%3E")}.mw-ui-icon-popups-close:before{background-image:url(/w/load.php?modules=ext.popups.images&image=popups-close&format=rasterized&lang=en&skin=vector&version=1sqd225);background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2220%22 height=%2220%22 viewBox=%220 0 20 20%22%3E %3Cpath d=%22M3.636 2.222l14.142 14.142-1.414 1.414L2.222 3.636z%22/%3E %3Cpath d=%22M17.778 3.636L3.636 17.778l-1.414-1.414L16.364 2.222z%22/%3E %3C/svg%3E")}
.mw-spinner{background-color:transparent;background-position:center center;background-repeat:no-repeat}.mw-spinner-small{background-image:url(data:image/gif;base64,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);background-image:url(/w/resources/src/jquery/images/spinner.gif?ca65b)!ie;height:20px;width:20px; min-width:20px}.mw-spinner-large{background-image:url(data:image/gif;base64,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);background-image:url(/w/resources/src/jquery/images/spinner-large.gif?57f34)!ie;height:32px;width:32px; min-width:32px}.mw-spinner-block{display:block; width:100%}.mw-spinner-inline{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle; zoom:1;*display:inline; }
.suggestions{overflow:hidden;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:0;border:0;z-index:1099;padding:0;margin:-1px 0 0 0}.suggestions-special{position:relative;background-color:#fff;cursor:pointer;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0;margin-top:-2px;display:none;padding:0.25em 0.25em;line-height:1.25em}.suggestions-results{background-color:#fff;cursor:pointer;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0;margin:0}.suggestions-result{color:#000;margin:0;line-height:1.5em;padding:0.01em 0.25em;text-align:left; overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap}.suggestions-result-current{background-color:#2a4b8d;color:#fff}.suggestions-special .special-label{color:#72777d;text-align:left}.suggestions-special .special-query{color:#000;font-style:italic;text-align:left}.suggestions-special .special-hover{background-color:#c8ccd1}.suggestions-result-current .special-label,.suggestions-result-current .special-query{color:#fff}.highlight{font-weight:bold}
@media screen {
	.tochidden,.toctoggle{-moz-user-select:none;-webkit-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none}.toctoggle{font-size:94%}}
@media print {
	#toc.tochidden,.toc.tochidden,.toctoggle{display:none}}
.uls-menu{border-radius:2px; font-size:medium}.uls-search,.uls-language-settings-close-block{border-top-right-radius:2px;border-top-left-radius:2px}.uls-language-list{border-bottom-right-radius:2px;border-bottom-left-radius:2px}.uls-menu.callout:before,.uls-menu.callout:after{border-top:10px solid transparent;border-bottom:10px solid transparent;display:inline-block; top:17px;position:absolute;content:''}.uls-menu.callout.selector-right:before{ border-left:10px solid #c8ccd1; right:-11px}.uls-menu.callout.selector-right:after{ border-left:10px solid #f8f9fa; right:-10px}.uls-menu.callout.selector-left:before{ border-right:10px solid #c8ccd1; left:-11px}.uls-menu.callout.selector-left:after{ border-right:10px solid #f8f9fa; left:-10px}.uls-ui-languages button{margin:5px 15px 5px 0;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden}.uls-search-wrapper-wrapper{position:relative;padding-left:40px;margin-top:5px;margin-bottom:5px}.uls-icon-back{background:transparent url(/w/extensions/UniversalLanguageSelector/resources/images/back-grey-ltr.png?90e9b) no-repeat scroll center center;background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(/w/extensions/UniversalLanguageSelector/resources/images/back-grey-ltr.svg?e226b);background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2224%22 height=%2224%22 viewBox=%220 0 24 24%22%3E %3Cpath fill=%22%2354595d%22 d=%22M7 13.1l8.9 8.9c.8-.8.8-2 0-2.8l-6.1-6.1 6-6.1c.8-.8.8-2 0-2.8L7 13.1z%22/%3E %3C/svg%3E");background-size:28px;background-position:center center;height:32px;width:40px;display:block;position:absolute;left:0;border-right:1px solid #c8ccd1;opacity:0.8}.uls-icon-back:hover{opacity:1;cursor:pointer}.uls-menu .uls-no-results-view .uls-no-found-more{background-color:#fff}.uls-menu .uls-no-results-view h3{padding:0 28px;margin:0;color:#54595d;font-size:1em;font-weight:normal}  .skin-vector .uls-menu{border-color:#c8ccd1;-webkit-box-shadow:0 2px 2px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.25);box-shadow:0 2px 2px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.25);font-size:0.875em}.skin-vector .uls-search{border-bottom-color:#c8ccd1}.skin-vector .uls-filtersuggestion{color:#72777d}.skin-vector .uls-lcd-region-title{color:#54595d}
.mw-editfont-monospace{font-family:monospace,monospace}.mw-editfont-sans-serif{font-family:sans-serif}.mw-editfont-serif{font-family:serif} .mw-editfont-monospace,.mw-editfont-sans-serif,.mw-editfont-serif{font-size:13px}
@-webkit-keyframes centralAuthPPersonalAnimation{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translateY( -20px )}100%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translateY( 0 )}}@-moz-keyframes centralAuthPPersonalAnimation{0%{opacity:0;-moz-transform:translateY( -20px )}100%{opacity:1;-moz-transform:translateY( 0 )}}@-o-keyframes centralAuthPPersonalAnimation{0%{opacity:0;-o-transform:translateY( -20px )}100%{opacity:1;-o-transform:translateY( 0 )}}@keyframes centralAuthPPersonalAnimation{0%{opacity:0;transform:translateY( -20px )}100%{opacity:1;transform:translateY( 0 )}}.centralAuthPPersonalAnimation{-webkit-animation-duration:1s;-moz-animation-duration:1s;-o-animation-duration:1s;animation-duration:1s;-webkit-animation-fill-mode:both;-moz-animation-fill-mode:both;-o-animation-fill-mode:both;animation-fill-mode:both;-webkit-animation-name:centralAuthPPersonalAnimation;-moz-animation-name:centralAuthPPersonalAnimation;-o-animation-name:centralAuthPPersonalAnimation;animation-name:centralAuthPPersonalAnimation}
@media print{#centralNotice{display:none}}.cn-closeButton{display:inline-block;zoom:1;background:url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABQAAAAUBAMAAAB/pwA+AAAAElBMVEUAAAAQEBDPz88AAABAQEDv7+9oe1vvAAAABnRSTlMA3rLe3rJS22KzAAAARElEQVQI12PAAUIUQCSTK5BwFgIxFU1AhKECUFAYKAAioXwwBeZChMGCEGGQIFQYJohgIhQgtCEMQ7ECYTHCOciOxA4AADgJTXIb9s8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=) no-repeat;background:url(/w/extensions/CentralNotice/resources/subscribing/close.png?8e3d8) no-repeat!ie;width:20px;height:20px;text-indent:20px;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden}
.mw-ui-button{font-family:inherit;font-size:1em;display:inline-block;min-width:4em;max-width:28.75em;padding:0.546875em 1em;line-height:1.286;margin:0;border-radius:2px;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-appearance:none;*display:inline; zoom:1;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#f8f9fa;color:#222222;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;text-align:center;font-weight:bold;cursor:pointer}.mw-ui-button:visited{color:#222222}.mw-ui-button:hover{background-color:#ffffff;color:#444444;border-color:#a2a9b1}.mw-ui-button:focus{background-color:#ffffff;color:#222222;border-color:#3366cc;box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px #3366cc,inset 0 0 0 2px #ffffff}.mw-ui-button:active,.mw-ui-button.is-on,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-checked{background-color:#d9d9d9;color:#000000;border-color:#72777d;box-shadow:none}.mw-ui-button:disabled{background-color:#c8ccd1;color:#fff;border-color:#c8ccd1}.mw-ui-button:disabled:hover,.mw-ui-button:disabled:active{background-color:#c8ccd1;color:#fff;box-shadow:none;border-color:#c8ccd1}.mw-ui-button:focus{outline-width:0}.mw-ui-button:focus::-moz-focus-inner{border-color:transparent;padding:0}.mw-ui-button:not( :disabled ){-webkit-transition:background-color 100ms,color 100ms,border-color 100ms,box-shadow 100ms;-moz-transition:background-color 100ms,color 100ms,border-color 100ms,box-shadow 100ms;transition:background-color 100ms,color 100ms,border-color 100ms,box-shadow 100ms}.mw-ui-button:disabled{text-shadow:none;cursor:default}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-big{font-size:1.3em}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-block{display:block;width:100%;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive{background-color:#3366cc;color:#fff;border:1px solid #3366cc}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive:hover{background-color:#447ff5;border-color:#447ff5}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive:focus{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px #3366cc,inset 0 0 0 2px #ffffff}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive:active,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive.is-on,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive.mw-ui-checked{background-color:#2a4b8d;border-color:#2a4b8d;box-shadow:none}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive:disabled{background-color:#c8ccd1;color:#fff;border-color:#c8ccd1}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive:disabled:hover,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive:disabled:active,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive:disabled.mw-ui-checked{background-color:#c8ccd1;color:#fff;border-color:#c8ccd1;box-shadow:none}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive.mw-ui-quiet{color:#222222}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive.mw-ui-quiet:hover{background-color:transparent;color:#447ff5}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive.mw-ui-quiet:active,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive.mw-ui-quiet.mw-ui-checked{color:#2a4b8d}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive.mw-ui-quiet:focus{background-color:transparent;color:#3366cc}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive.mw-ui-quiet:disabled{color:#c8ccd1}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive{background-color:#dd3333;color:#fff;border:1px solid #dd3333}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive:hover{background-color:#ff4242;border-color:#ff4242}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive:focus{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px #dd3333,inset 0 0 0 2px #ffffff}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive:active,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive.is-on,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive.mw-ui-checked{background-color:#b32424;border-color:#b32424;box-shadow:none}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive:disabled{background-color:#c8ccd1;color:#fff;border-color:#c8ccd1}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive:disabled:hover,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive:disabled:active,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive:disabled.mw-ui-checked{background-color:#c8ccd1;color:#fff;border-color:#c8ccd1;box-shadow:none}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive.mw-ui-quiet{color:#222222}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive.mw-ui-quiet:hover{background-color:transparent;color:#ff4242}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive.mw-ui-quiet:active,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive.mw-ui-quiet.mw-ui-checked{color:#b32424}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive.mw-ui-quiet:focus{background-color:transparent;color:#dd3333}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive.mw-ui-quiet:disabled{color:#c8ccd1}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet{background:transparent;border:0;text-shadow:none;color:#222222}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet:hover{background-color:transparent;color:#444444}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet:active,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet.mw-ui-checked{color:#000000}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet:focus{background-color:transparent;color:#222222}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet:disabled{color:#c8ccd1}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet:hover,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet:focus{box-shadow:none}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet:active,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet:disabled{background:transparent}input.mw-ui-button::-moz-focus-inner,button.mw-ui-button::-moz-focus-inner{margin-top:-1px;margin-bottom:-1px}a.mw-ui-button{text-decoration:none}a.mw-ui-button:hover,a.mw-ui-button:focus{text-decoration:none}.mw-ui-button-group > *{min-width:48px;border-radius:0;float:left}.mw-ui-button-group > *:first-child{border-top-left-radius:2px;border-bottom-left-radius:2px}.mw-ui-button-group > *:not( :first-child ){border-left:0}.mw-ui-button-group > *:last-child{border-top-right-radius:2px;border-bottom-right-radius:2px}.mw-ui-button-group .is-on .button{cursor:default}
.mw-ui-icon{position:relative;line-height:1.5em;min-height:1.5em;min-width:1.5em}.mw-ui-icon.mw-ui-icon-element{text-indent:-999px;overflow:hidden;width:3.5em;min-width:3.5em;max-width:3.5em}.mw-ui-icon.mw-ui-icon-element:before{left:0;right:0;position:absolute;margin:0 1em}.mw-ui-icon.mw-ui-icon-element.mw-ui-icon-large{width:4.625em;min-width:4.625em;max-width:4.625em;line-height:4.625em;min-height:4.625em}.mw-ui-icon.mw-ui-icon-element.mw-ui-icon-large:before{min-height:4.625em}.mw-ui-icon.mw-ui-icon-before:before,.mw-ui-icon.mw-ui-icon-element:before{background-position:50% 50%;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:100% auto;float:left;display:block;min-height:1.5em;content:''}.mw-ui-icon.mw-ui-icon-before:before{position:relative;width:1.5em;margin-right:1em}.mw-ui-icon.mw-ui-icon-small:before{background-size:66.67% auto}</STYLE><STYLE>
.mw-3d-wrapper{display:inline-block;position:relative;overflow:hidden;vertical-align:top}.mw-3d-badge{position:absolute;top:11px;left:11px;color:#1e1f21;font-size:14px;line-height:19px;font-weight:bold;opacity:0.8;padding:2px 5px;background-color:#f8f9fa;border-radius:2px}.mw-3d-thumb-placeholder{display:inline-block;text-decoration:none;color:#222}
.suggestions a.mw-searchSuggest-link,.suggestions a.mw-searchSuggest-link:hover,.suggestions a.mw-searchSuggest-link:active,.suggestions a.mw-searchSuggest-link:focus{color:#000;text-decoration:none}.suggestions-result-current a.mw-searchSuggest-link,.suggestions-result-current a.mw-searchSuggest-link:hover,.suggestions-result-current a.mw-searchSuggest-link:active,.suggestions-result-current a.mw-searchSuggest-link:focus{color:#fff}.suggestions a.mw-searchSuggest-link .special-query{ overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap}
#uls-settings-block{background-color:#f8f9fa;border-top:1px solid #c8ccd1;padding-left:10px;line-height:1.2em;border-radius:0 0 2px 2px}#uls-settings-block > button{background:left top transparent no-repeat;background-size:20px auto;color:#54595d;display:inline-block;margin:8px 15px;border:0;padding:0 0 0 26px;font-size:medium;cursor:pointer}#uls-settings-block > button:hover{color:#222}#uls-settings-block > button.display-settings-block{background-image:url(/w/extensions/UniversalLanguageSelector/resources/images/display.png?d25f1);background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2220%22 height=%2220%22 viewBox=%220 0 20 20%22%3E %3Cpath fill=%22%23222%22 d=%22M.002 2.275v12.945h8.405c.535 1.624-.975 1.786-1.902 2.505 0 0 2.293-.024 3.439-.024 1.144 0 3.432.024 3.432.024-.905-.688-2.355-.868-1.902-2.505h8.527v-12.945h-20zm6.81 1.84h.797l3.313 8.466h-1.043l-1.043-2.638h-3.374l-1.043 2.638h-.982zm.368 1.104c-.084.369-.211.785-.368 1.227l-.982 2.577h2.699l-.982-2.577c-.128-.33-.234-.747-.368-1.227zm7.117.982c.753 0 1.295.157 1.656.491.365.334.552.858.552 1.595v4.294h-.675l-.184-.859h-.062c-.315.396-.605.655-.92.798-.311.138-.758.184-1.227.184-.626 0-1.115-.168-1.472-.491-.353-.323-.491-.754-.491-1.35 0-1.275 1.028-1.963 3.068-2.025h1.043v-.429c0-.495-.091-.87-.307-1.104-.211-.238-.574-.307-1.043-.307-.526 0-1.115.107-1.779.429l-.307-.675c.311-.169.674-.333 1.043-.429.373-.096.732-.123 1.104-.123zm.307 3.313c-.761.027-1.318.157-1.656.368-.334.207-.491.54-.491.982 0 .346.1.617.307.798.211.181.544.245.92.245.595 0 1.012-.164 1.35-.491.342-.326.552-.762.552-1.35v-.552z%22/%3E %3C/svg%3E")}#uls-settings-block > button.input-settings-block{background-image:url(/w/extensions/UniversalLanguageSelector/resources/images/input.png?aea9e);background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2220%22 height=%2220%22 viewBox=%220 0 20 20%22%3E %3Cpath fill=%22%23222%22 d=%22M9 1.281c-.124.259-.185.599-.5.688-.55.081-1.133.018-1.688 0-.866-.032-1.733-.148-2.594 0-.588.157-.953.727-1.188 1.25-.178.416-.271.836-.344 1.281h-2.688v11.5h20v-11.5h-16.344c.109-.52.203-1.057.563-1.469.222-.231.587-.17.875-.188 1.212.003 2.415.179 3.625.063.463-.058.812-.455.969-.875l.188-.438-.875-.313zm-7.125 5.844h1.563c.094 0 .188.093.188.188v1.531c0 .094-.093.188-.188.188h-1.563c-.094 0-.156-.093-.156-.188v-1.531c0-.094.062-.188.156-.188zm2.844 0h1.563c.094 0 .156.093.156.188v1.531c0 .094-.062.188-.156.188h-1.563c-.094 0-.156-.093-.156-.188v-1.531c0-.094.062-.188.156-.188zm2.844 0h1.563c.094 0 .156.093.156.188v1.531c0 .094-.062.188-.156.188h-1.563c-.094 0-.188-.093-.188-.188v-1.531c0-.094.093-.188.188-.188zm2.813 0h1.563c.094 0 .188.093.188.188v1.531c0 .094-.093.188-.188.188h-1.563c-.094 0-.156-.093-.156-.188v-1.531c0-.094.062-.188.156-.188zm2.844 0h1.563c.094 0 .156.093.156.188v1.531c0 .094-.062.188-.156.188h-1.563c-.094 0-.156-.093-.156-.188v-1.531c0-.094.062-.188.156-.188zm2.844 0h1.531c.094 0 .188.093.188.188v1.531c0 .094-.093.188-.188.188h-1.531c-.094 0-.188-.093-.188-.188v-1.531c0-.094.093-.188.188-.188zm-12.844 3h1.563c.094 0 .156.093.156.188v1.563c0 .094-.062.156-.156.156h-1.563c-.094 0-.156-.062-.156-.156v-1.563c0-.094.062-.188.156-.188zm2.906 0h1.563c.094 0 .188.093.188.188v1.563c0 .094-.093.156-.188.156h-1.563c-.094 0-.156-.062-.156-.156v-1.563c0-.094.062-.188.156-.188zm2.938 0h1.531c.094 0 .188.093.188.188v1.563c0 .094-.093.156-.188.156h-1.531c-.094 0-.188-.062-.188-.156v-1.563c0-.094.093-.188.188-.188zm2.906 0h1.563c.094 0 .156.093.156.188v1.563c0 .094-.062.156-.156.156h-1.563c-.094 0-.188-.062-.188-.156v-1.563c0-.094.093-.188.188-.188zm2.906 0h1.563c.094 0 .156.093.156.188v1.563c0 .094-.062.156-.156.156h-1.563c-.094 0-.156-.062-.156-.156v-1.563c0-.094.062-.188.156-.188zm-10.875 3.563h12c.088 0 .156.068.156.156v.844c0 .088-.068.156-.156.156h-12c-.088 0-.156-.068-.156-.156v-.844c0-.088.068-.156.156-.156z%22/%3E %3C/svg%3E")}
.ve-init-mw-tempWikitextEditorWidget{border:0;padding:0;color:inherit;line-height:1.5em; }.ve-init-mw-tempWikitextEditorWidget:focus{outline:0;padding:0}.ve-init-mw-tempWikitextEditorWidget::selection{background:rgba(109,169,247,0.5); }
.mw-mmv-overlay{position:fixed;top:0;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;z-index:1000;background-color:#000}body.mw-mmv-lightbox-open{overflow-y:auto;  }body.mw-mmv-lightbox-open #mw-page-base,body.mw-mmv-lightbox-open #mw-head-base,body.mw-mmv-lightbox-open #mw-navigation,body.mw-mmv-lightbox-open #content,body.mw-mmv-lightbox-open #footer,body.mw-mmv-lightbox-open #globalWrapper{ display:none}body.mw-mmv-lightbox-open > *{ display:none}body.mw-mmv-lightbox-open > .mw-mmv-overlay,body.mw-mmv-lightbox-open > .mw-mmv-wrapper{display:block}.mw-mmv-filepage-buttons{margin-top:5px}.mw-mmv-filepage-buttons .mw-mmv-view-expanded,.mw-mmv-filepage-buttons .mw-mmv-view-config{display:block;line-height:inherit}.mw-mmv-filepage-buttons .mw-mmv-view-expanded.mw-ui-icon:before{background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 viewBox=%220 0 1024 768%22%3E %3Cpath d=%22M851.2 71.6L690.7 232.1l-40.1-40.3-9.6 164.8 164.8-9.3-40.3-40.4L926 146.4l58.5 58.5L997.6 0 792.7 13.1%22/%3E %3Cpath d=%22M769.6 89.3H611.9l70.9 70.8 7.9 7.5m-47.1 234.6l-51.2 3 3-51.2 9.4-164.4 5.8-100.3H26.4V768h883.1V387l-100.9 5.8-165 9.4zM813.9 678H113.6l207.2-270.2 31.5-12.9L548 599.8l105.9-63.2 159.8 140.8.2.6zm95.6-291.9V228l-79.1 78.9 7.8 7.9%22/%3E %3C/svg%3E")}.mw-mmv-filepage-buttons .mw-mmv-view-config.mw-ui-icon:before{background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 viewBox=%220 0 1024 768%22%3E %3Cpath d=%22M897 454.6V313.4L810.4 299c-6.4-23.3-16-45.7-27.3-65.8l50.5-71.4-99.4-100.2-71.4 50.5c-20.9-11.2-42.5-20.9-65.8-27.3L582.6-1H441.4L427 85.6c-23.3 6.4-45.7 16-65.8 27.3l-71.4-50.5-100.3 99.5 50.5 71.4c-11.2 20.9-20.9 42.5-27.3 66.6L127 313.4v141.2l85.8 14.4c6.4 23.3 16 45.7 27.3 66.6L189.6 607l99.5 99.5 71.4-50.5c20.9 11.2 42.5 20.9 66.6 27.3l14.4 85.8h141.2l14.4-86.6c23.3-6.4 45.7-16 65.8-27.3l71.4 50.5 99.5-99.5-50.5-71.4c11.2-20.9 20.9-42.5 27.3-66.6l86.4-13.6zm-385 77c-81.8 0-147.6-66.6-147.6-147.6 0-81.8 66.6-147.6 147.6-147.6S659.6 302.2 659.6 384 593.8 531.6 512 531.6z%22/%3E %3C/svg%3E");opacity:0.75}.mw-mmv-filepage-buttons .mw-mmv-view-config.mw-ui-icon:before:hover{opacity:1}
#mwe-popups-svg{position:absolute;top:-1000px}.mwe-popups-settings-icon{border-radius:2px;font-size:16px; margin-right:-0.75em}.mwe-popups-settings-icon:hover{background-color:#eaecf0}.mwe-popups-settings-icon:active{background-color:#c8ccd1}.mwe-popups-sade-face-icon{display:block;width:37px;height:27px;margin:16px 16px 0;background-position:center center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-image:url(/w/extensions/Popups/resources/ext.popups/images/sad-face.png?3984d);background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2237%22 height=%2227%22 viewBox=%220 0 37 27%22%3E %3Ctitle%3Esad face%3C/title%3E %3Cpath fill=%22%23c8ccd1%22 fill-rule=%22evenodd%22 d=%22M5.475.7v20.075L0 26.25h31.025c3.102 0 5.475-2.372 5.475-5.475V.7H5.475zm20.44 4.562c1.277 0 2.19 1.095 2.19 2.19 0 1.096-.913 2.373-2.19 2.373-1.278 0-2.19-1.095-2.19-2.19s1.095-2.373 2.19-2.373zm-9.855 0c1.277 0 2.19 1.095 2.19 2.19 0 1.096-1.095 2.373-2.19 2.373s-2.19-1.095-2.19-2.19.913-2.373 2.19-2.373zm4.928 8.213c-7.153 0-8.415 7.012-8.415 7.012s2.805-1.403 8.415-1.403c5.61 0 8.414 1.403 8.414 1.403S28 13.475 20.988 13.475z%22/%3E %3C/svg%3E")}.mwe-popups{background:#fff;position:absolute;z-index:110;-webkit-box-shadow:0 30px 90px -20px rgba(0,0,0,0.3),0 0 1px #a2a9b1;box-shadow:0 30px 90px -20px rgba(0,0,0,0.3),0 0 1px #a2a9b1;padding:0;display:none;font-size:14px;line-height:20px;min-width:300px;border-radius:2px; }.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-container{color:#222222;margin-top:-9px;padding-top:9px;text-decoration:none}.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-container footer{padding:16px;margin:0;font-size:10px;position:absolute;bottom:0; left:0}.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-container footer .mwe-popups-settings-icon{float:right}.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-extract{margin:16px;display:block;color:#222222;text-decoration:none;position:relative;   }.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-extract:hover{text-decoration:none}.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-extract:after{content:' ';position:absolute;bottom:0;width:25%;height:20px;background-color:transparent}.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-extract[dir='ltr']:after{ right:0; background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(to right,rgba(255,255,255,0),#ffffff 50%); background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(to right,rgba(255,255,255,0),#ffffff 50%); background-image:-o-linear-gradient(to right,rgba(255,255,255,0),#ffffff 50%); background-image:linear-gradient(to right,rgba(255,255,255,0),#ffffff 50%)}.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-extract[dir='rtl']:after{ left:0; background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(to left,rgba(255,255,255,0),#ffffff 50%); background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(to left,rgba(255,255,255,0),#ffffff 50%); background-image:-o-linear-gradient(to left,rgba(255,255,255,0),#ffffff 50%); background-image:linear-gradient(to left,rgba(255,255,255,0),#ffffff 50%)}.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-extract p{margin:0}.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-extract ul,.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-extract ol,.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-extract li,.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-extract dl,.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-extract dd,.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-extract dt{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0}.mwe-popups svg{overflow:hidden}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-is-tall{width:450px}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-is-tall > div > a > svg{vertical-align:middle}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-is-tall .mwe-popups-extract{width:215px;height:180px;overflow:hidden; float:left}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-is-tall footer{width:215px}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-is-not-tall{width:320px}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-is-not-tall .mwe-popups-extract{max-height:140px;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:47px;padding-bottom:0}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-is-not-tall footer{width:290px}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-is-empty .mwe-popups-extract{padding-top:4px;margin-bottom:60px}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-is-empty .mwe-popups-read-link{font-weight:bold;font-size:12px}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-is-empty .mwe-popups-extract:hover + footer .mwe-popups-read-link{text-decoration:underline}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-no-image-tri:after{content:'';position:absolute;border:11px solid transparent;border-top:0;border-bottom:11px solid #ffffff;top:-7px; left:7px}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-no-image-tri:before{content:'';position:absolute;border:8px solid transparent;border-top:0;border-bottom:8px solid #a2a9b1;top:-8px; left:10px}.mwe-popups.flipped_x.mwe-popups-no-image-tri:after{ left:auto; right:7px}.mwe-popups.flipped_x.mwe-popups-no-image-tri:before{ left:auto; right:10px}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-image-tri:before{z-index:111;content:'';position:absolute;border:9px solid transparent;border-top:0;border-bottom:9px solid #a2a9b1;top:-9px; left:9px}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-image-tri:after{content:'';position:absolute;border:12px solid transparent;border-top:0;border-bottom:12px solid #ffffff;top:-8px; left:6px;z-index:112}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-image-tri.flipped_x:before{z-index:111;content:'';position:absolute;border:9px solid transparent;border-top:0;border-bottom:9px solid #a2a9b1;top:-9px; left:273px}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-image-tri.flipped_x:after{content:'';position:absolute;border:12px solid transparent;border-top:0;border-bottom:12px solid #ffffff;top:-8px; left:269px;z-index:112}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-image-tri .mwe-popups-extract{padding-top:32px;margin-top:190px}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-image-tri > div > a > svg{margin-top:-8px;position:absolute;z-index:113; left:0}.mwe-popups.flipped_x.mwe-popups-is-tall{min-height:242px}.mwe-popups.flipped_x.mwe-popups-is-tall:before{z-index:111;content:'';position:absolute;border:9px solid transparent;border-top:0;border-bottom:9px solid #a2a9b1;top:-9px; left:420px}.mwe-popups.flipped_x.mwe-popups-is-tall > div > a > svg{margin:0;margin-top:-8px;margin-bottom:-7px;position:absolute;z-index:113; right:0}.mwe-popups.flipped_x_y:before{z-index:111;content:'';position:absolute;border:9px solid transparent;border-bottom:0;border-top:9px solid #a2a9b1;bottom:-9px; left:272px}.mwe-popups.flipped_x_y:after{content:'';position:absolute;border:12px solid transparent;border-bottom:0;border-top:12px solid #ffffff;bottom:-8px; left:269px;z-index:112}.mwe-popups.flipped_x_y.mwe-popups-is-tall{min-height:242px}.mwe-popups.flipped_x_y.mwe-popups-is-tall:after{z-index:112;content:'';position:absolute;border:12px solid transparent;border-bottom:0;border-top:12px solid #ffffff;bottom:-8px; left:417px}.mwe-popups.flipped_x_y.mwe-popups-is-tall:before{z-index:111;content:'';position:absolute;border:9px solid transparent;border-bottom:0;border-top:9px solid #a2a9b1;bottom:-9px; left:420px}.mwe-popups.flipped_x_y.mwe-popups-is-tall > div > a > svg{position:absolute;z-index:113;margin:0;margin-bottom:-9px; right:0}.mwe-popups.flipped_y:after{content:'';position:absolute;border:11px solid transparent;border-bottom:0;border-top:11px solid #ffffff;bottom:-7px; left:7px}.mwe-popups.flipped_y:before{content:'';position:absolute;border:8px solid transparent;border-bottom:0;border-top:8px solid #a2a9b1;bottom:-8px; left:10px} @-webkit-keyframes mwe-popups-fade-in-up{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate(0,20px);-moz-transform:translate(0,20px);-ms-transform:translate(0,20px);transform:translate(0,20px)}100%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}}@-moz-keyframes mwe-popups-fade-in-up{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate(0,20px);-moz-transform:translate(0,20px);-ms-transform:translate(0,20px);transform:translate(0,20px)}100%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}}@keyframes mwe-popups-fade-in-up{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate(0,20px);-moz-transform:translate(0,20px);-ms-transform:translate(0,20px);transform:translate(0,20px)}100%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}}@-webkit-keyframes mwe-popups-fade-in-down{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate(0,-20px);-moz-transform:translate(0,-20px);-ms-transform:translate(0,-20px);transform:translate(0,-20px)}100%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}}@-moz-keyframes mwe-popups-fade-in-down{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate(0,-20px);-moz-transform:translate(0,-20px);-ms-transform:translate(0,-20px);transform:translate(0,-20px)}100%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}}@keyframes mwe-popups-fade-in-down{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate(0,-20px);-moz-transform:translate(0,-20px);-ms-transform:translate(0,-20px);transform:translate(0,-20px)}100%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}}@-webkit-keyframes mwe-popups-fade-out-down{0%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}100%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate(0,20px);-moz-transform:translate(0,20px);-ms-transform:translate(0,20px);transform:translate(0,20px)}}@-moz-keyframes mwe-popups-fade-out-down{0%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}100%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate(0,20px);-moz-transform:translate(0,20px);-ms-transform:translate(0,20px);transform:translate(0,20px)}}@keyframes mwe-popups-fade-out-down{0%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}100%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate(0,20px);-moz-transform:translate(0,20px);-ms-transform:translate(0,20px);transform:translate(0,20px)}}@-webkit-keyframes mwe-popups-fade-out-up{0%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}100%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate(0,-20px);-moz-transform:translate(0,-20px);-ms-transform:translate(0,-20px);transform:translate(0,-20px)}}@-moz-keyframes mwe-popups-fade-out-up{0%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}100%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate(0,-20px);-moz-transform:translate(0,-20px);-ms-transform:translate(0,-20px);transform:translate(0,-20px)}}@keyframes mwe-popups-fade-out-up{0%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}100%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate(0,-20px);-moz-transform:translate(0,-20px);-ms-transform:translate(0,-20px);transform:translate(0,-20px)}}.mwe-popups-fade-in-up{-webkit-animation:mwe-popups-fade-in-up 0.2s ease forwards;-moz-animation:mwe-popups-fade-in-up 0.2s ease forwards;animation:mwe-popups-fade-in-up 0.2s ease forwards}.mwe-popups-fade-in-down{-webkit-animation:mwe-popups-fade-in-down 0.2s ease forwards;-moz-animation:mwe-popups-fade-in-down 0.2s ease forwards;animation:mwe-popups-fade-in-down 0.2s ease forwards}.mwe-popups-fade-out-down{-webkit-animation:mwe-popups-fade-out-down 0.2s ease forwards;-moz-animation:mwe-popups-fade-out-down 0.2s ease forwards;animation:mwe-popups-fade-out-down 0.2s ease forwards}.mwe-popups-fade-out-up{-webkit-animation:mwe-popups-fade-out-up 0.2s ease forwards;-moz-animation:mwe-popups-fade-out-up 0.2s ease forwards;animation:mwe-popups-fade-out-up 0.2s ease forwards}     #mwe-popups-settings{position:fixed;z-index:1000;background:#fff;width:420px;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;box-shadow:0 2px 2px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.25);border-radius:2px}#mwe-popups-settings header{-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;border-bottom:1px solid #c8ccd1;position:relative;display:table;width:100%;padding:5px 7px 5px 0}#mwe-popups-settings header > div{display:table-cell;width:3.5em;vertical-align:middle;cursor:pointer}#mwe-popups-settings header h1{border:0;width:100%;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:18px;font-weight:bold;text-align:center}#mwe-popups-settings .mwe-ui-icon-popups-close{opacity:0.87;-webkit-transition:opacity 100ms;-moz-transition:opacity 100ms;transition:opacity 100ms}#mwe-popups-settings .mwe-ui-icon-popups-close:hover{opacity:0.73}#mwe-popups-settings .mwe-ui-icon-popups-close:active{opacity:1}#mwe-popups-settings main{display:block;width:350px;padding:32px 0 24px;margin:0 auto}#mwe-popups-settings main p{color:#54595d;font-size:17px;margin:16px 0 0}#mwe-popups-settings main p:first-child{margin-top:0}#mwe-popups-settings main form img,#mwe-popups-settings main form input,#mwe-popups-settings main form label{vertical-align:top}#mwe-popups-settings main form img{margin-right:60px}#mwe-popups-settings main form input{display:inline-block;margin:0 10px 0 0;padding:0}#mwe-popups-settings main form label{font-size:13px;display:inline-block;line-height:16px;width:300px}#mwe-popups-settings main form label > span{color:#000;font-size:18px;font-weight:bold;display:block;margin-bottom:5px;line-height:18px}.mwe-popups-settings-help{background-image:url(/w/extensions/Popups/resources/ext.popups/images/footer-ltr.png?3533c);background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%22230%22 height=%22179%22 xmlns:xlink=%22http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%22 viewBox=%220 0 230 179%22%3E %3Cdefs%3E %3Crect id=%22a%22 width=%22201%22 height=%2213%22 rx=%222%22/%3E %3Crect id=%22b%22 width=%22201%22 height=%22169%22 y=%2210%22 rx=%222%22/%3E %3Crect id=%22c%22 width=%2230%22 height=%222%22 x=%22135%22 y=%22158%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3C/defs%3E %3Cg fill=%22none%22 fill-rule=%22evenodd%22%3E %3Cg transform=%22matrix%281 0 0 -1 0 13%29%22%3E %3Cuse fill=%22%23f8f9fa%22 xlink:href=%22%23a%22/%3E %3Crect width=%22199%22 height=%2211%22 x=%221%22 y=%221%22 stroke=%22%23a2a9b1%22 stroke-width=%222%22 rx=%222%22/%3E %3C/g%3E %3Cuse fill=%22%23fff%22 xlink:href=%22%23b%22/%3E %3Crect width=%22199%22 height=%22167%22 x=%221%22 y=%2211%22 stroke=%22%23a2a9b1%22 stroke-width=%222%22 rx=%222%22/%3E %3Cg opacity=%22.4%22 transform=%22translate%2867 35%29%22%3E %3Crect width=%2273%22 height=%222%22 y=%227%22 fill=%22%23c8ccd1%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2281%22 height=%222%22 y=%2231%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2232%22 height=%222%22 y=%2285%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2273%22 height=%222%22 x=%2235%22 y=%2285%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2217%22 height=%222%22 y=%2245%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2217%22 height=%222%22 x=%2291%22 y=%2245%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2268%22 height=%222%22 x=%2220%22 y=%2245%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2217%22 height=%222%22 y=%2278%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2237%22 height=%222%22 x=%2272%22 y=%2278%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2249%22 height=%222%22 x=%2220%22 y=%2278%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2224%22 height=%222%22 x=%2284%22 y=%2231%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22 transform=%22matrix%28-1 0 0 1 192 0%29%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2281%22 height=%222%22 y=%2266%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2214%22 height=%222%22 x=%2254%22 y=%2224%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2237%22 height=%222%22 x=%2271%22 y=%2224%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2251%22 height=%222%22 y=%2224%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%22108%22 height=%222%22 y=%2259%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%22108%22 height=%222%22 y=%2252%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%22108%22 height=%222%22 y=%2292%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%22108%22 height=%222%22 y=%2238%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2251%22 height=%222%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3C/g%3E %3Crect width=%2230%22 height=%222%22 x=%2267%22 y=%22158%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 opacity=%22.4%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2230%22 height=%222%22 x=%2299%22 y=%22158%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 opacity=%22.4%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Cuse fill=%22%2336c%22 xlink:href=%22%23c%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2233%22 height=%225%22 x=%22133.5%22 y=%22156.5%22 stroke=%22%23ffc057%22 stroke-opacity=%22.447%22 stroke-width=%223%22 rx=%222.5%22/%3E %3Ccircle cx=%2234%22 cy=%2249%22 r=%2219%22 fill=%22%23eaecf0%22/%3E %3Cg fill=%22%23a2a9b1%22 transform=%22translate%285 5%29%22%3E %3Ccircle cx=%221.5%22 cy=%221.5%22 r=%221.5%22/%3E %3Ccircle cx=%226%22 cy=%221.5%22 r=%221.5%22/%3E %3Ccircle cx=%2210.5%22 cy=%221.5%22 r=%221.5%22/%3E %3C/g%3E %3Cpath stroke=%22%23ff00af%22 d=%22M174.5 159.5h54.01%22 stroke-linecap=%22square%22/%3E %3C/g%3E %3C/svg%3E");background-position:top left;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:180px 140px;font-size:13px;font-weight:800;height:140px;margin:40px;position:relative}.mwe-popups-settings-help p{left:180px;bottom:20px;position:absolute}.mwe-popups-overlay{background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.9);z-index:999;position:fixed;height:100%;width:100%;top:0;bottom:0;left:0;right:0;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}#mwe-popups-settings{font-size:0.875em}</STYLE><STYLE>
.ve-activated .ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-editableContent #toc,.ve-activated #siteNotice,.ve-activated .mw-indicators,.ve-activated #t-print,.ve-activated #t-permalink,.ve-activated #p-coll-print_export,.ve-activated #t-cite,.ve-deactivating .ve-ui-surface,.ve-active .ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-editableContent,.ve-active .ve-init-mw-tempWikitextEditorWidget{display:none} .ve-activating .ve-ui-surface{height:0;padding:0 !important; overflow:hidden} .ve-loading #content > :not(.ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-loading-overlay), .ve-activated .ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-uneditableContent{pointer-events:none;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;opacity:0.5}.ve-activated #catlinks{cursor:pointer}.ve-activated #catlinks a{opacity:1} .ve-activated #content{position:relative} .ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-loading-overlay{position:absolute;top:1.25em;left:0;right:0;z-index:1;margin-top:-0.5em}.ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-progress{height:1em;overflow:hidden;margin:0 25%}.ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-progress-bar{height:1em;width:0}.ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-toolbarPlaceholder{transition:height 250ms ease;height:0; } .oo-ui-element-hidden{display:none !important; } .mw-editsection{white-space:nowrap; unicode-bidi:-moz-isolate;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;unicode-bidi:isolate}.mw-editsection-divider{color:#54595d} .ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-progress{height:0.75em;border:1px solid #36c;background:#fff;border-radius:2px;box-shadow:0 0.1em 0 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15)}.ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-progress-bar{height:0.75em;background:#36c}.ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-toolbar,.ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-toolbarPlaceholder{font-size:0.8em; margin:-1.25em -1.25em 1.25em -1.25em; }@media screen and (min-width:982px){.ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-toolbar,.ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-toolbarPlaceholder{ margin:-1.5625em -1.875em 1.5265em -1.875em}}.ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-toolbarPlaceholder{border-bottom:1px solid #c8ccd1;box-shadow:0 1px 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.1)}.ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-toolbarPlaceholder-open{height:40px}</STYLE><META name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content="" />
<LINK rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?debug=false&lang=en&modules=ext.gadget.charinsert-styles&only=styles&skin=vector" />
<LINK rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?debug=false&lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector" />
<META name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.31.0-wmf.22" />
<META name="referrer" content="origin" />
<META name="referrer" content="origin-when-crossorigin" />
<META name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin" />
<META property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/3/33/How-to-win-friends-and-influence-people.jpg" />
<LINK rel="alternate" href="android-app://org.wikipedia/http/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People" />
<LINK rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People&action=edit" />
<LINK rel="edit" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People&action=edit" />
<LINK rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png" />
<LINK rel="shortcut icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico" />
<LINK rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/opensearch_desc.php" title="Wikipedia (en)" />
<LINK rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd" />
<LINK rel="license" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/" />
<LINK rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People" />
<LINK rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org" />
<LINK rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" />
<!--[if lt IE 9]><script src="/w/load.php?debug=false&lang=en&modules=html5shiv&only=scripts&skin=vector&sync=1"></script><![endif]-->
</HEAD>
<BODY class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People rootpage-How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People skin-vector action-view">		<DIV id="mw-page-base" class="noprint"></DIV>
		<DIV id="mw-head-base" class="noprint"></DIV>
		<DIV id="content" class="mw-body" role="main">
			<A id="top"></A>
			<DIV id="siteNotice" class="mw-body-content"><DIV id="centralNotice"></DIV><!-- CentralNotice --></DIV><DIV class="mw-indicators mw-body-content">
</DIV>
<H1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" lang="en"><I>How to Win Friends and Influence People</I></H1>			<DIV id="bodyContent" class="mw-body-content">
				<DIV id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</DIV>				<DIV id="contentSub"></DIV>
								<DIV id="jump-to-nav" class="mw-jump">
					Jump to:					<A href="#mw-head">navigation</A>, 					<A href="#p-search">search</A>
				</DIV>
				<DIV id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><DIV class="mw-parser-output"><DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the Terrorvision album, see <A href="/wiki/How_to_Make_Friends_and_Influence_People" title="How to Make Friends and Influence People">How to Make Friends and Influence People</A>.</DIV>
<TABLE class="infobox vcard" style="width:22em">
<CAPTION style="font-style:italic;padding-bottom:0.2em;">How to Win Friends and Influence People</CAPTION>
<TBODY><TR>
<TD colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><A href="/wiki/File:How-to-win-friends-and-influence-people.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="How-to-win-friends-and-influence-people.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/33/How-to-win-friends-and-influence-people.jpg/220px-How-to-win-friends-and-influence-people.jpg" width="220" height="311" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/3/33/How-to-win-friends-and-influence-people.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="265" data-file-height="375" /></A>
<DIV>First edition, 11th printing (February 1937)</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row">Author</TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Dale_Carnegie" title="Dale Carnegie">Dale Carnegie</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row">Country</TH>
<TD>United States</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row">Language</TH>
<TD>English</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row">Subject</TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Self-help" title="Self-help">Self-help</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row">Genre</TH>
<TD>Non-fiction</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row">Publisher</TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Simon_and_Schuster" class="mw-redirect" title="Simon and Schuster">Simon and Schuster</A> (1936)</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row">
<DIV style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Publication date</DIV>
</TH>
<TD>October 1936</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row">Media type</TH>
<TD>Print (<A href="/wiki/Hardcover" title="Hardcover">hardcover</A> / <A href="/wiki/Paperback" title="Paperback">paperback</A>)</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row">Pages</TH>
<TD>291 pp</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4391-6734-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-4391-6734-6">1-4391-6734-6</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/OCLC#Identifiers_and_linked_data" title="OCLC"><ABBR title="Online Computer Library Center number">OCLC</ABBR></A></TH>
<TD><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40137494">40137494</A></TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
<P><I><B>How to Win Friends and Influence People</B></I> is a <A href="/wiki/Self-help" title="Self-help">self-help</A> book written by <A href="/wiki/Dale_Carnegie" title="Dale Carnegie">Dale Carnegie</A>, published in 1936. Over 30 million copies have been sold world-wide, making it one of <A href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_books" title="List of best-selling books">the best-selling books of all time</A>. In 2011, it was number 19 on <I>Time Magazine'</I>s list of the 100 most influential books.<SUP id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-:0-1">[1]</A></SUP></P>
<P>In 1934, <A href="/wiki/Leon_Shimkin" title="Leon Shimkin">Leon Shimkin</A> of the publishing firm <A href="/wiki/Simon_%26_Schuster" title="Simon & Schuster">Simon & Schuster</A> took one of Carnegie's 14-week courses; afterward, Shimkin persuaded Carnegie to let a <A href="/wiki/Stenographer" class="mw-redirect" title="Stenographer">stenographer</A> take notes from the course to be revised for publication. The original book contained colorful anecdotes and insightful wisdom, and gave instruction in handling people, "winning" friends, bringing people to your way of thinking, being a great leader, and successfully navigating home life. Carnegie combined age-old truisms with the emerging field of psychology to present a handbook in human relations which was interesting and accessible. Emphasizing using others' egotistical tendencies to one's advantage, Carnegie maintained that success could be found by charm, appreciation, and personality. The book sold exceptionally well from the start, going through 17 editions in its first year alone.</P>
<P>In 1981, a revised edition containing updated language and anecdotes was released.<SUP id="cite_ref-NYT1982_2-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-NYT1982-2">[2]</A></SUP> The revised edition reduced the number of sections from six to four, eliminating sections on effective <A href="/wiki/Business_letter" title="Business letter">business letters</A> and improving marital satisfaction.</P>
<P>In 2011, a third edition was released, <I>How to Win Friends and Influence People in the Digital Age</I>. Written by Dale Carnegie & Associates, it applies Carnegie's prescription for relationship and business success to the <A href="/wiki/Information_Age" title="Information Age">digital age</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-:0-1">[1]</A></SUP></P>
<P></P>
<DIV id="toc" class="toc">
<DIV class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr" xml:lang="en">
<H2>Contents</H2>
<SPAN class="toctoggle"> [<A role="button" tabindex="0" class="togglelink">hide</A>] </SPAN></DIV>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><A href="#Major_sections_and_points"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Major sections and points</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><A href="#Twelve_Things_This_Book_Will_Do_For_You"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Twelve Things This Book Will Do For You</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><A href="#Fundamental_Techniques_in_Handling_People"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Fundamental Techniques in Handling People</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><A href="#Six_Ways_to_Make_People_Like_You"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1.3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Six Ways to Make People Like You</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><A href="#Twelve_Ways_to_Win_People_to_Your_Way_of_Thinking"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1.4</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Twelve Ways to Win People to Your Way of Thinking</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><A href="#Be_a_Leader:_How_to_Change_People_Without_Giving_Offense_or_Arousing_Resentment"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1.5</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Be a Leader: How to Change People Without Giving Offense or Arousing Resentment</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><A href="#Letters_That_Produced_Miraculous_Results"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1.6</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Letters That Produced Miraculous Results</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><A href="#Seven_Rules_For_Making_Your_Home_Life_Happier"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1.7</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Seven Rules For Making Your Home Life Happier</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><A href="#Origins"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Origins</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><A href="#Reception"><SPAN class="tocnumber">3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Reception</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><A href="#In_popular_culture"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">In popular culture</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><A href="#References"><SPAN class="tocnumber">5</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">References</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><A href="#External_links"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">External links</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
<P></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Major_sections_and_points">Major sections and points</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Major sections and points">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Twelve_Things_This_Book_Will_Do_For_You">Twelve Things This Book Will Do For You</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Twelve Things This Book Will Do For You">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This section was included in the original 1936 edition as a single page list, which preceded the main content of the book, showing a prospective reader what to expect from it. The 1981 edition omits points 6 to 8, and 11.</DIV>
<OL>
<LI>Get you out of a mental rut, give you new thoughts, new visions, new ambitions.</LI>
<LI>Enable you to make friends quickly and easily.</LI>
<LI>Increase your popularity.</LI>
<LI>Help you to win people to your way of thinking.</LI>
<LI>Increase your influence, your prestige, your ability to get things done.</LI>
<LI>Enable you to win new clients, new customers.</LI>
<LI>Increase your earning power.</LI>
<LI>Make you a better salesman, a better executive.</LI>
<LI>Help you to handle complaints, avoid arguments, keep your human contacts smooth and pleasant.</LI>
<LI>Make you a better speaker, a more entertaining conversationalist.</LI>
<LI>Make the principles of psychology easy for you to apply in your daily contacts.</LI>
<LI>Help you to arouse enthusiasm among your associates.</LI>
</OL>
<P>The book has six major sections. The core principles of each section are explained and quoted from below.<SUP id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-3">[3]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Fundamental_Techniques_in_Handling_People">Fundamental Techniques in Handling People</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Fundamental Techniques in Handling People">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<OL>
<LI><B>Don't criticize, condemn, or complain.</B> Human nature does not like to admit fault. When people are criticized or humiliated, they rarely respond well and will often become defensive and resent their critic. To handle people well, we must never criticize, condemn or complain because it will never result in the behavior we desire.</LI>
<LI><B>Give honest and sincere appreciation.</B> Appreciation is one of the most powerful tools in the world. People will rarely work at their maximum potential under criticism, but honest appreciation brings out their best. Appreciation, though, is not simple flattery, it must be sincere, meaningful and with love.</LI>
<LI><B>Arouse in the other person an eager want.</B> To get what we want from another person, we must forget our own perspective and begin to see things from the point of view of others. When we can combine our desires with their wants, they become eager to work with us and we can mutually achieve our objectives.</LI>
</OL>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Six_Ways_to_Make_People_Like_You">Six Ways to Make People Like You</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Six Ways to Make People Like You">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<OL>
<LI><B>Become genuinely interested in other people.</B> "You can make more friends in two months by being interested in them, than in two years by making them interested in you."<SUP id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-4">[4]</A></SUP> The only way to make quality, lasting friendships is to learn to be genuinely interested in them and their interests.</LI>
<LI><B>Smile.</B> Happiness does not depend on outside circumstances, but rather on inward attitudes. Smiles are free to give and have an amazing ability to make others feel wonderful. Smile in everything that you do.</LI>
<LI><B>Remember that a person's name is, to that person, the sweetest and most important sound in any language.</B> "The average person is more interested in their own name than in all the other names in the world put together."<SUP id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-5">[5]</A></SUP> People love their names so much that they will often donate large amounts of money just to have a building named after themselves. We can make people feel extremely valued and important by remembering their name.</LI>
<LI><B>Be a good listener. Encourage others to talk about themselves.</B> The easiest way to become a good conversationalist is to become a good listener. To be a good listener, we must actually care about what people have to say. Many times people don't want an entertaining conversation partner; they just want someone who will listen to them.</LI>
<LI><B>Talk in terms of the other person's interest.</B> The royal road to a person's heart is to talk about the things he or she treasures most. If we talk to people about what they are interested in, they will feel valued and value us in return.</LI>
<LI><B>Make the other person feel important – and do it sincerely.</B> The golden rule is to treat other people how we would like to be treated. We love to feel important and so does everyone else. People will talk to us for hours if we allow them to talk about themselves. If we can make people feel important in a sincere and appreciative way, then we will win all the friends we could ever dream of.</LI>
</OL>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Twelve_Ways_to_Win_People_to_Your_Way_of_Thinking">Twelve Ways to Win People to Your Way of Thinking</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Twelve Ways to Win People to Your Way of Thinking">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<OL>
<LI><B>The only way to get the best of an argument is to avoid it.</B> Whenever we argue with someone, no matter if we win or lose the argument, we still lose. The other person will either feel humiliated or strengthened and will only seek to bolster their own position. We must try to avoid arguments whenever we can.</LI>
<LI><B>Show respect for the other person's opinions. Never say "You're wrong."</B> We must never tell people flat out that they are wrong. It will only serve to offend them and insult their pride. No one likes to be humiliated, we must not be so blunt.</LI>
<LI><B>If you're wrong, admit it quickly and emphatically.</B> Whenever we are wrong we should admit it immediately. When we fight we never get enough, but by yielding we often get more than we expected. When we admit that we are wrong people trust us and begin to sympathize with our way of thinking.</LI>
<LI><B>Begin in a friendly way.</B> "A drop of honey can catch more flies than a gallon of gall."<SUP id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-6">[6]</A></SUP> If we begin our interactions with others in a friendly way, people will be more receptive. Even if we are greatly upset, we must be friendly to influence people to our way of thinking.</LI>
<LI><B>Start with questions to which the other person will answer yes.</B> Do not begin by emphasizing the aspects in which we and the other person differ. Begin by emphasizing and continue emphasizing the things on which we agree. People must be started in the affirmative direction and they will often follow readily. Never tell someone they are wrong, but rather lead them where we would like them to go with questions that they will answer "yes" to.</LI>
<LI><B>Let the other person do a great deal of the talking.</B> People do not like listening to us boast, they enjoy doing the talking themselves. Let them rationalize and talk about the idea, because it will taste much sweeter to them in their own mouth.</LI>
<LI><B>Let the other person feel the idea is his or hers.</B> People inherently like ideas they come to on their own better than those that are handed to them on a platter. Ideas can best be carried out by allowing others to think they arrived at it themselves.</LI>
<LI><B>Try honestly to see things from the other person's point of view.</B> Other people may often be wrong, but we cannot condemn them. We must seek to understand them. Success in dealing with people requires a sympathetic grasp of the other person's viewpoint.</LI>
<LI><B>Be sympathetic with the other person's ideas and desires.</B> People are hungering for sympathy. They want us to recognize all that they desire and feel. If we can sympathize with others, they will appreciate our side as well and will often come around to our way of thinking.</LI>
<LI><B>Appeal to the nobler motives.</B> Everyone likes to be glorious in their own eyes. People believe that they do things for noble and morally upright reasons. If we can appeal to others' noble motives we can successfully convince them to follow our ideas.</LI>
<LI><B>Dramatize your ideas.</B> In this fast paced world, simply stating a truth isn't enough. The truth must be made vivid, interesting, and dramatic. Television has been doing it for years. Sometimes ideas are not enough and we must dramatize them.</LI>
<LI><B>Throw down a challenge.</B> The thing that most motivates people is the game. Everyone desires to excel and prove their worth. If we want someone to do something, we must give them a challenge and they will often rise to meet it.</LI>
</OL>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Be_a_Leader:_How_to_Change_People_Without_Giving_Offense_or_Arousing_Resentment">Be a Leader: How to Change People Without Giving Offense or Arousing Resentment</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Be a Leader: How to Change People Without Giving Offense or Arousing Resentment">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<OL>
<LI><B>Begin with praise and honest appreciation.</B> People will do things begrudgingly for criticism and an iron-fisted leader, but they will work wonders when they are praised and appreciated.</LI>
<LI><B>Call attention to people's mistakes indirectly.</B> No one likes to make mistakes, especially in front of others. Scolding and blaming only serves to humiliate. If we subtly and indirectly show people mistakes, they will appreciate us and be more likely to improve.</LI>
<LI><B>Talk about your own mistakes before criticizing the other person.</B> When something goes wrong, taking responsibility can help win others to your side. People do not like to shoulder all the blame and taking credit for mistakes helps to remove the sting from our critiques of others.</LI>
<LI><B>Ask questions instead of giving direct orders.</B> No one likes to take orders. If we offer suggestions, rather than orders, it will boost others confidence and allow them to learn quickly from their mistakes.</LI>
<LI><B>Let the other person save face.</B> Nothing diminishes the dignity of a man quite like an insult to his pride. If we don't condemn our employees in front of others and allow them to save face, they will be motivated to do better in the future and confident that they can.</LI>
<LI><B>Praise every improvement.</B> People love to receive praise and admiration. If we truly want someone to improve at something, we must praise their every advance. "Abilities wither under criticism, they blossom under encouragement."<SUP id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-7">[7]</A></SUP></LI>
<LI><B>Give the other person a fine reputation to live up to.</B> If we give people a great reputation to live up to, they will desire to embody the characteristics with which we have described them. People will work with vigor and confidence if they believe they can be better.</LI>
<LI><B>Use encouragement. Make the fault seem easy to correct.</B> If a desired outcome seems like a momentous task, people will give up and lose heart. But if a fault seems easy to correct, they will readily jump at the opportunity to improve. If we frame objectives as small and easy improvements, we will see dramatic increases in desire and success in our employees.</LI>
<LI><B>Make the other person happy about doing what you suggest.</B> People will most often respond well when they desire to do the behavior put forth. If we want to influence people and become effective leaders, we must learn to frame our desires in terms of others' desires.</LI>
</OL>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Letters_That_Produced_Miraculous_Results">Letters That Produced Miraculous Results</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Letters That Produced Miraculous Results">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This section was included in the original 1936 edition but omitted from the revised 1981 edition.</DIV>
<DL>
<DD>In this chapter, the shortest in the book, Carnegie analyzes two letters and describes how to appeal to someone with the term "do me a favor" as opposed to directly asking for something which does not offer the same feeling of importance to the recipient of the request.</DD>
</DL>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Seven_Rules_For_Making_Your_Home_Life_Happier">Seven Rules For Making Your Home Life Happier</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Seven Rules For Making Your Home Life Happier">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This section was included in the original 1936 edition but omitted from the revised 1981 edition.</DIV>
<OL>
<LI>Don't nag.</LI>
<LI>Don't try to make your partner over.</LI>
<LI>Don't criticize.</LI>
<LI>Give honest appreciation.</LI>
<LI>Pay little attentions.</LI>
<LI>Be courteous.</LI>
<LI>Read a good book on the sexual side of marriage.</LI>
</OL>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Origins">Origins</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Origins">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<P>Before <I>How to Win Friends and Influence People</I> was released, the genre of self-help books had an ample heritage. Authors such as <A href="/wiki/Napoleon_Hill" title="Napoleon Hill">Napoleon Hill</A>, <A href="/wiki/Orison_Swett_Marden" title="Orison Swett Marden">Orison Swett Marden</A>, and <A href="/wiki/Samuel_Smiles" title="Samuel Smiles">Samuel Smiles</A> had enormous success with their self-help books in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Dale Carnegie began his career not as a writer, but as a teacher of public speaking. He started out teaching night classes at a <A href="/wiki/YMCA" title="YMCA">YMCA</A> in New York and his classes became wildly popular and highly attended. The success of the classes in New York prompted YMCAs in Philadelphia and Baltimore to begin hosting the course as well.<SUP id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-8">[8]</A></SUP> After even greater success, Carnegie decided to begin teaching the courses on his own at hotels in London, Paris, New York, Boston, Philadelphia, and Baltimore. Because he could not find any satisfactory handbook already in publication, Carnegie originally began writing small booklets to go along with his courses.<SUP id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-9">[9]</A></SUP> After one of his 14-week courses, he was approached by publisher <A href="/wiki/Leon_Shimkin" title="Leon Shimkin">Leon Shimkin</A> of the publishing house <A href="/wiki/Simon_%26_Schuster" title="Simon & Schuster">Simon & Schuster</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-10">[10]</A></SUP> Shimkin urged Carnegie to write a book, but he was not initially persuaded. Shimken then hired a <A href="/wiki/Shorthand" title="Shorthand">stenographer</A> to type up what he heard in one of Carnegie's long lectures and presented the transcript to Carnegie.<SUP id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-11">[11]</A></SUP> Dale Carnegie liked the transcript so much he decided to edit and revise it into a final form.<SUP id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-12">[12]</A></SUP> He wanted it to be extremely practical and interesting to read. To market the book, Shimkin decided to send 500 copies of the book to former graduates of the Dale Carnegie Course, with a note that pointed out the utility of the book for refreshing students with the advice they had learned.<SUP id="cite_ref-giles141_13-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-giles141-13">[13]</A></SUP> The 500 mailed copies brought orders for over 5,000 more copies of the book and Simon & Schuster had to increase the original print order of 1,200 quickly.<SUP id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-14">[14]</A></SUP> Shimkin also ran a full page ad in the <I>New York Times</I> complete with quotes by <A href="/wiki/Andrew_Carnegie" title="Andrew Carnegie">Andrew Carnegie</A> and <A href="/wiki/John_D._Rockefeller" title="John D. Rockefeller">John D. Rockefeller</A> on the importance of human relations.<SUP id="cite_ref-auto_15-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-auto-15">[15]</A></SUP> Originally published in November 1936, the book reached <A href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Best_Seller_list" title="The New York Times Best Seller list">the <I>New York Times</I> best-seller list</A> by the end of the year, and did not fall off for the next two years.<SUP id="cite_ref-giles141_13-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-giles141-13">[13]</A></SUP> Simon & Schuster continued to advertise the book relying heavily on testimonials as well as the testable approach the book offered.<SUP id="cite_ref-auto_15-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-auto-15">[15]</A></SUP> Carnegie had created a new kind of book, one that was not read with passive interest, but rather a manual of active participation.</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Reception">Reception</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Reception">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<P><I>How to Win Friends and Influence People</I> became one of the most successful books in American history. It went through 17 print editions in its first year of publishing and sold 250,000 copies in the first three months. The book has sold over 30 million copies worldwide since and annually sells in excess of 100,000 copies. A recent <A href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</A> survey ranked Carnegie's volume as the seventh most influential book in American history. <SUP id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-16">[16]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The book met widespread popularity, but also stark criticism in many cases. Despite many of the negative comments from his critics, Carnegie's book established a new genre. Carnegie described his book as an "action-book" but the category he created has since become known as the self-help genre. Almost every self-help book since has borrowed some type of style or form from Carnegie's "path-breaking best seller."<SUP id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-17">[17]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Although <I>How to Win Friends and Influence People</I> ascended quickly on best-seller lists, the <I><A href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">New York Times</A></I> did not review it until February 1937. They offered a balanced critique arguing that Carnegie indeed offered insightful advice in dealing with people, but that his wisdom was extremely simple and should not overrule the foundation of actual knowledge.<SUP id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-18">[18]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The satirical writer <A href="/wiki/Sinclair_Lewis" title="Sinclair Lewis">Sinclair Lewis</A> waited a year to offer his scathing critique. He described Carnegie's method as teaching people to "smile and bob and pretend to be interested in other people's hobbies precisely so that you may screw things out of them."<SUP id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-19">[19]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-20">[20]</A></SUP> However, despite the criticism, sales continued to soar and the book was talked about and reviewed as it rapidly became mainstream.</P>
<P>Scholarly critique however, was little and oscillated over time. Due to the book's lay appeal, it was not significantly discussed in academic journals. In the early stages of the book's life, the few scholarly reviews that were written explained the contents of the book and attempted to describe what made the book popular.<SUP id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-21">[21]</A></SUP> As time passed however, scholarly reviews became more critical, chiding Carnegie for being insincere and manipulative.<SUP id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-22">[22]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Despite the lack of attention in academic circles, <I>How to Win Friends and Influence People</I> was written for a popular audience and Carnegie successfully captured the attention of his target. The book experienced mass consumption and appeared in many popular periodicals, including garnering 10 pages in the January 1937 edition of <I><A href="/wiki/Reader%27s_Digest" title="Reader's Digest">Reader's Digest</A></I>.<SUP id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-23">[23]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The book continued to remain at the top of best-seller lists and was even noted in the New York Times to have been extremely successful in <A href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</A>, much to the writer's bewilderment. He wrote that Carnegie would rate "butter higher than guns as a means of winning friends" something "diametrically opposite to the official German view."<SUP id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-24">[24]</A></SUP></P>
<P><I>How to Win Friends and Influence People</I> continues to have success even into the 21st century. The book ranks as the 11th highest selling non-fiction book on <A href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</A> of all time and shows no signs of slowing down.<SUP id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-25">[25]</A></SUP></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: In popular culture">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Warren_Buffett" title="Warren Buffett">Warren Buffett</A> took the Dale Carnegie course "How to Win Friends and Influence People" when he was 20 years old, and to this day has the diploma in his office.<SUP id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-26">[26]</A></SUP></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Charles_Manson" title="Charles Manson">Charles Manson</A> used what he learned from the book in prison to manipulate women into killing on his behalf.<SUP id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-27">[27]</A></SUP></LI>
<LI>The title of <A href="/wiki/Lenny_Bruce" title="Lenny Bruce">Lenny Bruce's</A> autobiography, <I><A href="/wiki/How_to_Talk_Dirty_and_Influence_People" title="How to Talk Dirty and Influence People">How to Talk Dirty and Influence People</A></I> is a parody of the title of this book.</LI>
<LI>English rock band <A href="/wiki/Terrorvision" title="Terrorvision">Terrorvision</A> titled their second album <I><A href="/wiki/How_to_Make_Friends_and_Influence_People" title="How to Make Friends and Influence People">How to Make Friends and Influence People</A></I> in reference to the book.</LI>
<LI>In August 2015, the book was featured on Showtime's <I><A href="/wiki/Masters_of_Sex" title="Masters of Sex">Masters of Sex</A></I>, with portions recited in a voiceover as a main character studies the text.</LI>
<LI>The title of <A href="/wiki/Toby_Young" title="Toby Young">Toby Young's</A> memoir <I><A href="/wiki/How_to_Lose_Friends_%26_Alienate_People_(memoir)" title="How to Lose Friends & Alienate People (memoir)">How to Lose Friends & Alienate People</A></I> is a parody of the title of this book. The memoir was also adapted into a <A href="/wiki/How_to_Lose_Friends_%26_Alienate_People_(film)" title="How to Lose Friends & Alienate People (film)">2008 film of the same name</A> starring <A href="/wiki/Simon_Pegg" title="Simon Pegg">Simon Pegg</A>.</LI>
<LI>An episode from <A href="/wiki/Cheers_(season_7)" title="Cheers (season 7)">season 7</A> of <I><A href="/wiki/Cheers" title="Cheers">Cheers</A></I> is called "How to Win Friends and Electrocute People" as a play on the title of the book.</LI>
<LI>Season 7 episode 9 of <I><A href="/wiki/Supernatural_(U.S._TV_series)" title="Supernatural (U.S. TV series)">Supernatural</A></I> is titled "How to Win Friends and Influence Monsters", in reference to the title of the book.</LI>
<LI>Season 2 episode 3 of Marvel's <I><A href="/wiki/Agents_of_S.H.I.E.L.D." title="Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.">Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.</A></I> is titled "Making Friends and Influencing People", in reference to this book. It aired October 7th, 2014.</LI>
<LI>The book is referenced in the 2016 film <I><A href="/wiki/Imperium_(2016_film)" title="Imperium (2016 film)">Imperium</A></I>, in which an undercover <A href="/wiki/FBI" class="mw-redirect" title="FBI">FBI</A> agent uses principles from the book to infiltrate an extremist group.</LI>
<LI>In the November 2, 2017 episode of <I><A href="/wiki/Young_Sheldon" title="Young Sheldon">Young Sheldon</A></I>, "Rockets, Communists, and the Dewey Decimal System", Sheldon reads the book and attempts to apply its advice.</LI>
<LI>The book is said to have greatly influenced the life of television and film actress <A href="/wiki/Donna_Reed" title="Donna Reed">Donna Reed</A>. It was given to her by her high school chemistry teacher Edward Tompkins to read as a sophomore at Denison (Iowa) High School in 1936. Upon reading it she won the lead in the school play, was voted Campus Queen and was in the top 10 of the 1938 graduating class.<SUP id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-28">[28]</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="References">References</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<DIV class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;">
<OL class="references">
<LI id="cite_note-:0-1"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dalecarnegie.com/how-to-win-friends-and-influence-people-in-the-digital-age">"How to Win Friends and Influence People in the Digital Age"</A>. <I>Dalecarnegie.com</I>. 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">March 28,</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dalecarnegie.com&rft.atitle=How+to+Win+Friends+and+Influence+People+in+the+Digital+Age&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dalecarnegie.com%2Fhow-to-win-friends-and-influence-people-in-the-digital-age&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHow+to+Win+Friends+and+Influence+People" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-NYT1982-2"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-NYT1982_2-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news">Walters, Ray (September 5, 1982). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9804E5D91738F936A3575AC0A964948260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all">"Paperback Talk"</A>. New York Times<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">April 7,</SPAN> 2008</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Paperback+Talk&rft.date=1982-09-05&rft.aulast=Walters&rft.aufirst=Ray&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Ffullpage.html%3Fres%3D9804E5D91738F936A3575AC0A964948260%26sec%3D%26spon%3D%26pagewanted%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHow+to+Win+Friends+and+Influence+People" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-3"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-3"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Each section is a paraphrase of the main ideas written and developed by Dale Carnegie. Dale Carnegie, <I>How to Win Friends and Influence People</I> (Gallery: New York, 1998).</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-4"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-4"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Dale Carnegie, <I>How to Win Friends and Influence People</I> (Gallery: New York, 1998) 52.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-5"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-5"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Dale Carnegie. <I>How to Win Friends and Influence People</I> (New York: Gallery, 1998) 73.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-6"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-6"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Dale Carnegie. <I>How to Win Friends and Influence People</I> (New York: Gallery, 1998) 143.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-7"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-7"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Dale Carnegie, <I>How to Win Friends and Influence People</I> New York: Gallery, 1998. 220.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-8"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-8"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Lowell Thomas, <I>Shortcut to Distinction</I> Introduction to <I>How to Win Friends and Influence People</I>. (New York: Gallery, 1998) 103.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-9"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-9"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Steven Watts, <I>Self-Help Messiah</I> (New York: Other, 2013)</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-10"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-10"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Korda, Michael (1999). <I>Another Life: A Memoir of Other People</I>. Random House. p. 149. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780679456599" title="Special:BookSources/9780679456599">9780679456599</A>. <Q>It was not for nothing that Shimkin had been the discoverer of Dale Carnegie, whose lectures he had attended with results that changed both Carnigie's life and his own: How to Win Friends and Influence People became the biggest best-seller in S&S's history.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Another+Life%3A+A+Memoir+of+Other+People&rft.pages=149&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9780679456599&rft.aulast=Korda&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHow+to+Win+Friends+and+Influence+People" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-11"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-11"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Silverman, Al (2008). <I>The Time of Their Lives: The Golden Age of Great American Book Publishers, Their Editors, and Authors</I>. Truman Talley. pp. 252–254. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0312-35003-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0312-35003-1">978-0312-35003-1</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Time+of+Their+Lives%3A+The+Golden+Age+of+Great+American+Book+Publishers%2C+Their+Editors%2C+and+Authors&rft.pages=252-254&rft.pub=Truman+Talley&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0312-35003-1&rft.aulast=Silverman&rft.aufirst=Al&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHow+to+Win+Friends+and+Influence+People" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-12"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-12"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Giles, Kemp. <I>Dale Carnegie</I> (New York: St. Martin's, 1989) 137–141</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-giles141-13"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-giles141_13-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-giles141_13-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Giles, Kemp. <I>Dale Carnegie</I> (New York: St. Martin's, 1989) 141.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-14"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-14"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Giles, Kemp. <I>Dale Carnegie</I> (New York: St. Martin's, 1989) 142.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-auto-15"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-auto_15-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-auto_15-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Display ad 42 – no title. (1936, Dec 07). <I>New York Times</I> (1923–Current File) Retrieved from <A rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://search.proquest.com/docview/101624338">http://search.proquest.com/docview/101624338</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-16"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-16"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Steven Watts, <I>Self-Help Messiah</I> (New York: Other, 2013) 2–4</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-17"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-17"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Giles, Kemp. <I>Dale Carnegie</I>(New York: St. Martin's, 1989) 147.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-18"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-18"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">"Miscellaneous Brief Reviews." 1937. <I>New York Times</I> (1923–Current File), Feb 14, 104. <A rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://search.proquest.com/docview/101971502">http://search.proquest.com/docview/101971502</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-19"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-19"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Sinclair Lewis, quoted in Tom Sant, <I>The Giants of Sales</I>. (New York: AMACOM, 2006) 96.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-20"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-20"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Giles, Kemp. <I>Dale Carnegie</I>(New York: St. Martin's, 1989) 152.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-21"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-21"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Symons, A. E. 1937. <I>The Australian Quarterly</I>, 9 (3). Australian Institute of Policy and Science: 115–16. <A href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</A>:<A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F20629470">10.2307/20629470</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-22"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-22"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Parker, Gail Thain. 1977. "How to Win Friends and Influence People: Dale Carnegie and the Problem of Sincerity". <I>American Quarterly</I> 29 (5). Johns Hopkins University Press: 506–18. <A href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</A>:<A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2712571">10.2307/2712571</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-23"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-23"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Display ad 49 – no title. (1937, Jan 25). <I>New York Times</I> (1923–Current File) Retrieved from <A rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://search.proquest.com/docview/102017737">http://search.proquest.com/docview/102017737</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-24"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-24"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">"Books and Authors." 1940. New York Times (1923–Current File), Dec 29, 1. <A rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://search.proquest.com/docview/105230738">http://search.proquest.com/docview/105230738</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-25"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-25"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/b?ie=UTF8&node=11913537011">"Amazon.com: Top 20 Lists in Books: Books"</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Amazon.com%3A+Top+20+Lists+in+Books%3A+Books&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2Fb%3Fie%3DUTF8%26node%3D11913537011&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHow+to+Win+Friends+and+Influence+People" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-26"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-26"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Lasson, Sally Ann (February 16, 2009). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/analysis-and-features/warren-buffet-the-secret-of-the-billionaires-success-1622649.html">"Warren Buffet: The secret of the billionaire's success"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</A></I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">April 8,</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Warren+Buffet%3A+The+secret+of+the+billionaire%27s+success&rft.date=2009-02-16&rft.aulast=Lasson&rft.aufirst=Sally+Ann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fbusiness%2Fanalysis-and-features%2Fwarren-buffet-the-secret-of-the-billionaires-success-1622649.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHow+to+Win+Friends+and+Influence+People" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-27"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-27"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news">Brady, Diane (July 22, 2013). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2013-07-22/charles-mansons-turning-point-dale-carnegie-classes">"Charles Manson's turning point: Dale Carnegie classes"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/Business_Week" class="mw-redirect" title="Business Week">Business Week</A></I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">October 23,</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Business+Week&rft.atitle=Charles+Manson%27s+turning+point%3A+Dale+Carnegie+classes&rft.date=2013-07-22&rft.aulast=Brady&rft.aufirst=Diane&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessweek.com%2Farticles%2F2013-07-22%2Fcharles-mansons-turning-point-dale-carnegie-classes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHow+to+Win+Friends+and+Influence+People" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-28"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-28"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dbrnews.com/archive/year-history-of-broadway-elementary-building-celebrated/article_d80b758c-20c8-53e0-b365-02aa5e69b1df.html">"75-year history of Broadway Elementary building celebrated"</A>. <I>Denison Bulletin-Review</I>. March 20, 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">April 9,</SPAN> 2017</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Denison+Bulletin-Review&rft.atitle=75-year+history+of+Broadway+Elementary+building+celebrated&rft.date=2012-03-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dbrnews.com%2Farchive%2Fyear-history-of-broadway-elementary-building-celebrated%2Farticle_d80b758c-20c8-53e0-b365-02aa5e69b1df.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHow+to+Win+Friends+and+Influence+People" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
</OL>
</DIV>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<UL>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yxfJDVXClucC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false"><I>How to Win Friends and Influence People</I>: Google Books</A></LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dalecarnegie.com/assets/1/7/Secrets_of_Success.pdf">Dale Carnegie: Secrets of Success (PDF)</A></LI>
</UL>

<!--
NewPP limit report
Parsed by mw1265
Cached time: 20180228124414
Cache expiry: 1900800
Dynamic content: false
CPU time usage: 0.260 seconds
Real time usage: 0.334 seconds
Preprocessor visited node count: 1650/1000000
Preprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000
Post‐expand include size: 23479/2097152 bytes
Template argument size: 2055/2097152 bytes
Highest expansion depth: 20/40
Expensive parser function count: 1/500
Lua time usage: 0.091/10.000 seconds
Lua memory usage: 3.84 MB/50 MB
-->
<!--
Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)
100.00%  297.569      1 -total
 40.29%  119.878      1 Template:Infobox_book
 35.07%  104.367      1 Template:Reflist
 30.39%   90.440      1 Template:Infobox
 16.12%   47.957      4 Template:Cite_web
 11.38%   33.857      1 Template:ISBNT
 11.01%   32.763      1 Template:About
 10.74%   31.961      1 Template:ISBN
  5.60%   16.673      1 Template:Use_mdy_dates
  5.19%   15.451      1 Template:Wikidata_image
-->
</DIV>
<!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:1490105-0!canonical and timestamp 20180228124414 and revision id 821766594
 -->
<NOSCRIPT><img src="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" title="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;" /></NOSCRIPT></DIV>					<DIV class="printfooter">
						Retrieved from "<A dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People&oldid=821766594">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People&oldid=821766594</A>"					</DIV>
				<DIV id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><DIV id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><A href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</A>: <UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Category:1936_books" title="Category:1936 books">1936 books</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Self-help_books" title="Category:Self-help books">Self-help books</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Books_about_friendship" title="Category:Books about friendship">Books about friendship</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Books_by_Dale_Carnegie" title="Category:Books by Dale Carnegie">Books by Dale Carnegie</A></LI></UL></DIV><DIV id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_June_2011" title="Category:Use mdy dates from June 2011">Use mdy dates from June 2011</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Pages_to_import_images_to_Wikidata" title="Category:Pages to import images to Wikidata">Pages to import images to Wikidata</A></LI></UL></DIV></DIV>				<DIV class="visualClear"></DIV>
							</DIV>
		</DIV>
		<DIV id="mw-navigation">
			<H2>Navigation menu</H2>
			<DIV id="mw-head">
									<DIV id="p-personal" role="navigation" class="" aria-labelledby="p-personal-label">
						<H3 id="p-personal-label">Personal tools</H3>
						<UL>
							<LI id="pt-anonuserpage">Not logged in</LI><LI id="pt-anontalk"><A href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]" accesskey="n">Talk</A></LI><LI id="pt-anoncontribs"><A href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</A></LI><LI id="pt-createaccount"><A href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=How+to+Win+Friends+and+Influence+People" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory">Create account</A></LI><LI id="pt-login"><A href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=How+to+Win+Friends+and+Influence+People" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]" accesskey="o">Log in</A></LI>						</UL>
					</DIV>
									<DIV id="left-navigation">
										<DIV id="p-namespaces" role="navigation" class="vectorTabs" aria-labelledby="p-namespaces-label">
						<H3 id="p-namespaces-label">Namespaces</H3>
						<UL>
							<LI id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected"><SPAN><A href="/wiki/How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People" title="View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]" accesskey="c">Article</A></SPAN></LI><LI id="ca-talk"><SPAN><A href="/wiki/Talk:How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People" rel="discussion" title="Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]" accesskey="t">Talk</A></SPAN></LI>						</UL>
					</DIV>
										<DIV id="p-variants" role="navigation" class="vectorMenu emptyPortlet" aria-labelledby="p-variants-label">
												<INPUT type="checkbox" class="vectorMenuCheckbox" aria-labelledby="p-variants-label" />
						<H3 id="p-variants-label">
							<SPAN>Variants</SPAN>
						</H3>
						<DIV class="menu">
							<UL>
															</UL>
						</DIV>
					</DIV>
									</DIV>
				<DIV id="right-navigation">
										<DIV id="p-views" role="navigation" class="vectorTabs" aria-labelledby="p-views-label">
						<H3 id="p-views-label">Views</H3>
						<UL>
							<LI id="ca-view" class="collapsible selected"><SPAN><A href="/wiki/How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People">Read</A></SPAN></LI><LI id="ca-edit" class="collapsible"><SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People&action=edit" title="Edit this page [ctrl-alt-e]" accesskey="e">Edit</A></SPAN></LI><LI id="ca-history" class="collapsible"><SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]" accesskey="h">View history</A></SPAN></LI>						</UL>
					</DIV>
										<DIV id="p-cactions" role="navigation" class="vectorMenu emptyPortlet" aria-labelledby="p-cactions-label">
						<INPUT type="checkbox" class="vectorMenuCheckbox" aria-labelledby="p-cactions-label" />
						<H3 id="p-cactions-label"><SPAN>More</SPAN></H3>
						<DIV class="menu">
							<UL>
															</UL>
						</DIV>
					</DIV>
										<DIV id="p-search" role="search">
						<H3>
							<LABEL for="searchInput">Search</LABEL>
						</H3>
						<FORM action="/w/index.php" id="searchform">
							<DIV id="simpleSearch">
								<INPUT type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" title="Search Wikipedia [ctrl-alt-f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" tabindex="1" autocomplete="off" /><INPUT type="hidden" value="Special:Search" name="title" /><INPUT type="submit" name="go" value="Go" title="Go to a page with this exact name if it exists" id="searchButton" class="searchButton" />							</DIV>
						</FORM>
					</DIV>
									</DIV>
			</DIV>
			<DIV id="mw-panel">
				<DIV id="p-logo" role="banner"><A class="mw-wiki-logo" href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page"></A></DIV>
						<DIV class="portal" role="navigation" id="p-navigation" aria-labelledby="p-navigation-label">
			<H3 id="p-navigation-label">Navigation</H3>
			<DIV class="body">
								<UL>
					<LI id="n-mainpage-description"><A href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]" accesskey="z">Main page</A></LI><LI id="n-contents"><A href="/wiki/Portal:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia">Contents</A></LI><LI id="n-featuredcontent"><A href="/wiki/Portal:Featured_content" title="Featured content – the best of Wikipedia">Featured content</A></LI><LI id="n-currentevents"><A href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Find background information on current events">Current events</A></LI><LI id="n-randompage"><A href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]" accesskey="x">Random article</A></LI><LI id="n-sitesupport"><A href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" title="Support us">Donate to Wikipedia</A></LI><LI id="n-shoplink"><A href="//shop.wikimedia.org" title="Visit the Wikipedia store">Wikipedia store</A></LI>				</UL>
							</DIV>
		</DIV>
			<DIV class="portal" role="navigation" id="p-interaction" aria-labelledby="p-interaction-label">
			<H3 id="p-interaction-label">Interaction</H3>
			<DIV class="body">
								<UL>
					<LI id="n-help"><A href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia">Help</A></LI><LI id="n-aboutsite"><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Find out about Wikipedia">About Wikipedia</A></LI><LI id="n-portal"><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="About the project, what you can do, where to find things">Community portal</A></LI><LI id="n-recentchanges"><A href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]" accesskey="r">Recent changes</A></LI><LI id="n-contactpage"><A href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia">Contact page</A></LI>				</UL>
							</DIV>
		</DIV>
			<DIV class="portal" role="navigation" id="p-tb" aria-labelledby="p-tb-label">
			<H3 id="p-tb-label">Tools</H3>
			<DIV class="body">
								<UL>
					<LI id="t-whatlinkshere"><A href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]" accesskey="j">What links here</A></LI><LI id="t-recentchangeslinked"><A href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</A></LI><LI id="t-upload"><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</A></LI><LI id="t-specialpages"><A href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]" accesskey="q">Special pages</A></LI><LI id="t-permalink"><A href="/w/index.php?title=How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People&oldid=821766594" title="Permanent link to this revision of the page">Permanent link</A></LI><LI id="t-info"><A href="/w/index.php?title=How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People&action=info" title="More information about this page">Page information</A></LI><LI id="t-wikibase"><A href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q960077" title="Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata item</A></LI><LI id="t-cite"><A href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People&id=821766594" title="Information on how to cite this page">Cite this page</A></LI>				</UL>
							</DIV>
		</DIV>
			<DIV class="portal" role="navigation" id="p-coll-print_export" aria-labelledby="p-coll-print_export-label">
			<H3 id="p-coll-print_export-label">Print/export</H3>
			<DIV class="body">
								<UL>
					<LI id="coll-create_a_book"><A href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=How+to+Win+Friends+and+Influence+People">Create a book</A></LI><LI id="coll-download-as-rdf2latex"><A href="/w/index.php?title=Special:ElectronPdf&page=How+to+Win+Friends+and+Influence+People&action=show-download-screen">Download as PDF</A></LI><LI id="t-print"><A href="/w/index.php?title=How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</A></LI>				</UL>
							</DIV>
		</DIV>
			<DIV class="portal" role="navigation" id="p-lang" aria-labelledby="p-lang-label"><BUTTON class="uls-settings-trigger" title="Language settings"></BUTTON>
			<H3 id="p-lang-label">Languages</H3>
			<DIV class="body">
								<UL>
					<LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar"><A href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%81_%D8%AA%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B5%D8%AF%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A4%D8%AB%D8%B1_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3_(%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8)" title="كيف تكسب الأصدقاء وتؤثر في الناس (كتاب) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs"><A href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jak_z%C3%ADsk%C3%A1vat_p%C5%99%C3%A1tele_a_p%C5%AFsobit_na_lidi" title="Jak získávat přátele a působit na lidi – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es"><A href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3mo_ganar_amigos_e_influir_sobre_las_personas" title="Cómo ganar amigos e influir sobre las personas – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa"><A href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="آئین دوست‌یابی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr"><A href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comment_se_faire_des_amis" title="Comment se faire des amis – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy"><A href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%B6%D5%B9%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%BD_%D5%B1%D5%A5%D5%BC%D6%84_%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%AC_%D5%A2%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80_%D6%87_%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%A4%D5%A5%D5%AC_%D5%B4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%81_%D5%BE%D6%80%D5%A1" title="Ինչպես ձեռք բերել բարեկամներ և ազդել մարդկանց վրա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id"><A href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People" title="How to Win Friends and Influence People – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt"><A href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaip_%C4%AFsigyti_draug%C5%B3_ir_daryti_%C4%AFtak%C4%85_%C5%BEmon%C4%97ms" title="Kaip įsigyti draugų ir daryti įtaką žmonėms – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms"><A href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagaimana_Mendapat_Kawan_dan_Mempengaruhi_Orang" title="Bagaimana Mendapat Kawan dan Mempengaruhi Orang – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja"><A href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E3%82%92%E5%8B%95%E3%81%8B%E3%81%99" title="人を動かす – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz"><A href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do%CA%BBst_orttirish_va_odamlarga_ta%CA%BCsir_ko%CA%BBrsatish_to%CA%BBg%CA%BBrisida" title="Doʻst orttirish va odamlarga taʼsir koʻrsatish toʻgʻrisida – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt"><A href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Como_Fazer_Amigos_e_Influenciar_Pessoas" title="Como Fazer Amigos e Influenciar Pessoas – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru"><A href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%91%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Как завоёвывать друзей и оказывать влияние на людей – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple"><A href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People" title="How to Win Friends and Influence People – Simple English" lang="simple" hreflang="simple" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi"><A href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miten_saan_yst%C3%A4vi%C3%A4,_menestyst%C3%A4,_vaikutusvaltaa" title="Miten saan ystäviä, menestystä, vaikutusvaltaa – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv"><A href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hur_du_vinner_v%C3%A4nner_och_p%C3%A5verkar_din_omgivning" title="Hur du vinner vänner och påverkar din omgivning – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr"><A href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dost_Kazanma_ve_%C4%B0nsanlar%C4%B1_Etkileme_Sanat%C4%B1_(kitap)" title="Dost Kazanma ve İnsanları Etkileme Sanatı (kitap) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk"><A href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BA_%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%B2_%D1%96_%D0%B2%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Як здобувати друзів і впливати на людей – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi"><A href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%AFc_nh%C3%A2n_t%C3%A2m" title="Đắc nhân tâm – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh"><A href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%85%A7%E5%9F%BA%E6%BA%9D%E9%80%9A%E8%88%87%E4%BA%BA%E9%9A%9B%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82" title="卡內基溝通與人際關係 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</A></LI>				</UL>
				<DIV class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><SPAN class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><A href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q960077#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</A></SPAN></DIV>			</DIV>
		</DIV>
				</DIV>
		</DIV>
				<DIV id="footer" role="contentinfo">
						<UL id="footer-info">
								<LI id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 22 January 2018, at 14:25.</LI>
								<LI id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <A rel="license" href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_3.0_Unported_License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</A><A rel="license" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/" style="display:none;"></A>;
additional terms may apply.  By using this site, you agree to the <A href="//wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Terms_of_Use">Terms of Use</A> and <A href="//wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Privacy_policy">Privacy Policy</A>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <A href="//www.wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</A>, a non-profit organization.</LI>
							</UL>
						<UL id="footer-places">
								<LI id="footer-places-privacy"><A href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="wmf:Privacy policy">Privacy policy</A></LI>
								<LI id="footer-places-about"><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</A></LI>
								<LI id="footer-places-disclaimer"><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer" title="Wikipedia:General disclaimer">Disclaimers</A></LI>
								<LI id="footer-places-contact"><A href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</A></LI>
								<LI id="footer-places-developers"><A href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/How_to_contribute">Developers</A></LI>
								<LI id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><A href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</A></LI>
								<LI id="footer-places-mobileview"><A href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=How_to_Win_Friends_and_Influence_People&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</A></LI>
							<LI style=""><A href="#">Enable previews</A></LI></UL>
										<UL id="footer-icons" class="noprint">
										<LI id="footer-copyrightico">
						<A href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/"><IMG src="/static/images/wikimedia-button.png" srcset="/static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x" width="88" height="31" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" /></A>					</LI>
										<LI id="footer-poweredbyico">
						<A href="//www.mediawiki.org/"><IMG src="/static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_88x31.png" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" srcset="/static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x" width="88" height="31" /></A>					</LI>
									</UL>
						<DIV style="clear: both;"></DIV>
		</DIV>

<DIV class="suggestions" style="display: none; font-size: 13px;"><DIV class="suggestions-results"></DIV><DIV class="suggestions-special"></DIV></DIV><DIV id="mwe-popups-svg"><svg width="0" height="0"><defs><clipPath id="mwe-popups-mask"><polygon points="0 8, 10 8, 18 0, 26 8, 1000 8, 1000 1000, 0 1000"></polygon></clipPath><clipPath id="mwe-popups-mask-flip"><polygon points="0 8, 274 8, 282 0, 290 8, 1000 8, 1000 1000, 0 1000"></polygon></clipPath><clipPath id="mwe-popups-landscape-mask"><polygon points="0 8, 174 8, 182 0, 190 8, 1000 8, 1000 1000, 0 1000"></polygon></clipPath><clipPath id="mwe-popups-landscape-mask-flip"><polygon points="0 0, 1000 0, 1000 242, 190 242, 182 250, 174 242, 0 242"></polygon></clipPath></defs></svg></DIV></BODY></HTML>

document_title: How to Win Friends and Influence People

token: How

token: to

token: Win

token: Friends

token: and

token: Influence

token: people

token: wikipedia

token: Jump

token: navigation

token: search

token: For

token: the

token: Terrorvision

token: album

token: see

token: Make

token: People

token: <Table>

token: <Tr>

token: <Td colspan="2">

token: First

token: edition

token: printing

token: February

token: <Th>

token: Author

token: <Td>

token: Dale

token: Carnegie

token: Country

token: United

token: States

token: Language

token: English

token: Subject

token: Self

token: help

token: Genre

token: Non-fiction

token: Publisher

token: Simon

token: Schuster

token: October

token: Media

token: type

token: Print

token: hardcover

token: paperback

token: Pages

token: pp

question_text: dale carnegie how to win and influence friends pdf