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<H1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" lang="en">Bulgaria</H1>			<DIV id="bodyContent" class="mw-body-content">
				<DIV id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</DIV>				<DIV id="contentSub"></DIV>
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				<DIV id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><DIV class="mw-parser-output"><DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the country. For other uses, see <A href="/wiki/Bulgaria_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Bulgaria (disambiguation)">Bulgaria (disambiguation)</A>.</DIV>
<P>

<SPAN style="font-size: small;"><SPAN id="coordinates"><A href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</A>: <SPAN class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><A class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Bulgaria&params=42_45_N_25_30_E_type:country_scale:2000000"><SPAN class="geo-default"><SPAN class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><SPAN class="latitude">42°45′N</SPAN> <SPAN class="longitude">25°30′E</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class="geo-multi-punct"> / </SPAN><SPAN class="geo-nondefault"><SPAN class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.750°N 25.500°E</SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> / <SPAN class="geo">42.750; 25.500</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</P>
<TABLE class="infobox geography vcard" style="width:22em;font-size:88%;"><TBODY><TR><TH colspan="2" class="adr" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;padding:0.25em 0.33em 0.33em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:1.25em;"><SPAN class="fn org country-name">Republic of Bulgaria</SPAN><BR /><DIV style="padding-top:0.25em;"><SPAN lang="bg" title="Bulgarian language text">Република България</SPAN>  <SPAN class="languageicon" style="font-size:81%;font-weight:normal;">(<A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</A>)</SPAN><BR /><SPAN style="font-size:85%;"><I>Republika Bǎlgariya</I></SPAN></DIV></TH></TR><TR><TD colspan="2" style="text-align:center;text-align:center;padding:0.5em 0;">
<DIV style="display:table; width:100%;">
        <DIV style="display:table-cell; width:58%; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;">
            <DIV style="padding-bottom:3px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Bulgaria"><IMG alt="Flag of Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/125px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" width="125" height="75" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/188px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/250px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></A></DIV>
            <DIV style="font-size:90%;"><A href="/wiki/Flag_of_Bulgaria" title="Flag of Bulgaria">Flag</A></DIV>
        </DIV>
        <DIV style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;">
            <DIV style="padding-bottom:3px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg" class="image" title="Coat of arms of Bulgaria"><IMG alt="{{{coat_alt}}}" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg/85px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" width="85" height="71" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg/128px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg/170px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="679" /></A></DIV>
            <DIV style="font-size:90%;"><A href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria" title="Coat of arms of Bulgaria"> Coat of arms</A></DIV>
        </DIV>
    </DIV></TD></TR><TR><TD colspan="2" style="text-align:center">
<DIV style="line-height:1.2em;"><B>Motto: </B><DIV class="plainlist"><UL><LI><SPAN class="nowrap"><SPAN lang="bg" style="font-style:normal;" title="Bulgarian language text">Съединението прави силата</SPAN> <SPAN class="languageicon" style="font-size:81%;font-weight:normal;">(<A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</A>)</SPAN></SPAN></LI><LI>"Sǎedinenieto pravi silata"<SPAN class="nowrap">  </SPAN><SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(<A href="/wiki/Transliteration" title="Transliteration">transliteration</A>)</SPAN></LI><LI><SPAN style="font-size:85%;">"<A href="/wiki/Unity_makes_strength" title="Unity makes strength">Unity makes strength</A>"</SPAN></LI></UL></DIV></DIV></TD></TR><TR><TD colspan="2" class="anthem" style="text-align:center">
<DIV style="line-height:1.2em;"><B>Anthem: </B><BR /><SPAN lang="bg" title="Bulgarian language text">Мила Родино</SPAN>  <SPAN class="languageicon" style="font-size:81%;font-weight:normal;">(Bulgarian)</SPAN><BR /><I><A href="/wiki/Mila_Rodino" title="Mila Rodino">Mila Rodino</A></I><SPAN class="nowrap">  </SPAN><SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(transliteration)</SPAN><BR /><SPAN style="font-size:85%;"><I>Dear Motherland</I></SPAN></DIV></TD></TR><TR><TD colspan="2" style="text-align:center">
<A href="/wiki/File:EU-Bulgaria.svg" class="image" title="Location of  Bulgaria  (dark green)– in Europe  (green & dark grey)– in the European Union  (green)  –  [Legend]"><IMG alt="Location of  Bulgaria  (dark green)– in Europe  (green & dark grey)– in the European Union  (green)  –  [Legend]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/EU-Bulgaria.svg/250px-EU-Bulgaria.svg.png" width="250" height="210" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/EU-Bulgaria.svg/375px-EU-Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/EU-Bulgaria.svg/500px-EU-Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2045" data-file-height="1720" /></A><DIV style="font-size:90%;position:relative;top:0.3em;"><DIV style="text-align:center;font-size:11px;line-height:1.15em;"><SPAN style="font-size:11px;">Location of <SPAN style="font-size:2px;"> </SPAN>Bulgaria<SPAN style="font-size:8px;"><SPAN class="nowrap">  </SPAN></SPAN>(dark green)</SPAN><P style="font-size:11px;text-align:left;margin-left:1.2ex;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;line-height:1.15em;">– in <A href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</A><SPAN style="font-size:8px;"><SPAN class="nowrap">  </SPAN></SPAN>(green & dark grey)<BR />– in the <A href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</A><SPAN style="font-size:8px;"><SPAN class="nowrap">  </SPAN></SPAN>(green)  –  [<SPAN style="font-size:10px;"><A href="/wiki/File:EU-Bulgaria.svg" title="File:EU-Bulgaria.svg">Legend</A></SPAN>]</P></DIV></DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row">Capital<BR /><SPAN style="font-weight:normal">and largest city</SPAN></TH><TD>
<A href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</A><BR /><SPAN class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><A class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Bulgaria&params=42_41_N_23_19_E_type:city"><SPAN class="geo-default"><SPAN class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><SPAN class="latitude">42°41′N</SPAN> <SPAN class="longitude">23°19′E</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class="geo-multi-punct"> / </SPAN><SPAN class="geo-nondefault"><SPAN class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.683°N 23.317°E</SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> / <SPAN class="geo">42.683; 23.317</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></TD></TR><TR class="mergedtoprow"><TH scope="row">Official languages</TH><TD>
<A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</A></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/Official_script" title="Official script">Official script</A></TH><TD>
<A href="/wiki/Cyrillic_script" title="Cyrillic script">Cyrillic</A></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic groups">Ethnic groups</A> <SPAN style="font-weight:normal;"> (2011)</SPAN></TH><TD>
84.8% <A href="/wiki/Bulgarians" title="Bulgarians">Bulgarians</A>, 8.8% <A href="/wiki/Turks_in_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks in Bulgaria">Turks</A>, 4.9% <A href="/wiki/Roma_in_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Roma in Bulgaria">Romani</A>, 0.7% others<SUP id="cite_ref-one_1-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-one-1">[note 1]</A></SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</A></TH><TD>
<A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulgarian people">Bulgarian</A></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/Politics_of_Bulgaria" title="Politics of Bulgaria">Government</A></TH><TD>
<A href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">Unitary</A> <A href="/wiki/Parliamentary_system" title="Parliamentary system">parliamentary</A><BR /><A href="/wiki/Republic" title="Republic">constitutional republic</A></TD></TR><TR class="mergedrow"><TD colspan="2" style="text-align:center">
</TD></TR><TR class="mergedrow"><TH scope="row"><DIV style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <A href="/wiki/President_of_Bulgaria" title="President of Bulgaria">President</A> </DIV></TH><TD>
<A href="/wiki/Rumen_Radev" title="Rumen Radev">Rumen Radev</A></TD></TR><TR class="mergedrow"><TH scope="row"><DIV style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <A href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bulgaria" title="Prime Minister of Bulgaria">Prime Minister</A> </DIV></TH><TD>
<A href="/wiki/Boyko_Borisov" title="Boyko Borisov">Boyko Borisov</A></TD></TR><TR style="display:none"><TD colspan="2">
</TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row">Legislature</TH><TD>
<A href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Bulgaria)" title="National Assembly (Bulgaria)">National Assembly</A></TD></TR><TR class="mergedtoprow"><TH colspan="2" style="text-align:center;text-align:left;"><A href="/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria" title="History of Bulgaria">Formation</A></TH></TR><TR class="mergedrow"><TD colspan="2" style="text-align:center">
</TD></TR><TR class="mergedrow"><TH scope="row"><DIV style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <A href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">First Bulgarian Empire</A> </DIV></TH><TD>
681–1018</TD></TR><TR class="mergedrow"><TH scope="row"><DIV style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <A href="/wiki/Second_Bulgarian_Empire" title="Second Bulgarian Empire">Second Bulgarian Empire</A> </DIV></TH><TD>
1185–1396</TD></TR><TR class="mergedrow"><TH scope="row"><DIV style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <A href="/wiki/Principality_of_Bulgaria" title="Principality of Bulgaria">Principality of Bulgaria</A> </DIV></TH><TD>
3 March 1878<SUP id="cite_ref-two_2-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-two-2">[note 2]</A></SUP></TD></TR><TR class="mergedrow"><TH scope="row"><DIV style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Declaration of Independence from the <A href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</A> </DIV></TH><TD>
5 October 1908<SUP id="cite_ref-three_3-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-three-3">[note 3]</A></SUP></TD></TR><TR style="display:none"><TD colspan="2">
</TD></TR><TR class="mergedtoprow"><TH colspan="2" style="text-align:center;text-align:left;"><A href="/wiki/Geography_of_Bulgaria" title="Geography of Bulgaria">Area </A></TH></TR><TR class="mergedrow"><TH scope="row"><DIV style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Total</DIV></TH><TD>
110,993.6<SUP id="cite_ref-Penin_4-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Penin-4">[1]</A></SUP> km<SUP>2</SUP> (42,854.9 sq mi) (<A href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_area" title="List of countries and dependencies by area">103rd</A>)</TD></TR><TR class="mergedbottomrow"><TH scope="row"><DIV style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Water (%)</DIV></TH><TD>
0.3</TD></TR><TR class="mergedtoprow"><TH colspan="2" style="text-align:center;text-align:left;"><A href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Bulgaria" title="Demographics of Bulgaria">Population</A></TH></TR><TR class="mergedrow"><TH scope="row"><DIV style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 31 December 2017 estimate</DIV></TH><TD>
<IMG alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" title="Decrease" width="11" height="11" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 7,050,034<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data2017_5-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data2017-5">[2]</A></SUP> (<A href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population" title="List of countries and dependencies by population">103rd</A>)</TD></TR><TR class="mergedbottomrow"><TH scope="row"><DIV style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Density</DIV></TH><TD>
64/km<SUP>2</SUP> (165.8/sq mi) (<A href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_territories_by_population_density" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries and territories by population density">155th</A>)</TD></TR><TR class="mergedtoprow"><TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</A> <SPAN style="font-weight:normal;">(<A href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">PPP</A>)</SPAN></TH><TD>
2017 estimate</TD></TR><TR class="mergedrow"><TH scope="row"><DIV style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Total</DIV></TH><TD>
$152.374 billion<SUP id="cite_ref-imfgdp_6-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-imfgdp-6">[3]</A></SUP> (<A href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP)">76th</A>)</TD></TR><TR class="mergedbottomrow"><TH scope="row"><DIV style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Per capita</DIV></TH><TD>
$21,578 (<A href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita">62nd</A>)</TD></TR><TR class="mergedtoprow"><TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</A> <SPAN style="font-weight:normal;">(nominal)</SPAN></TH><TD>
2017 estimate</TD></TR><TR class="mergedrow"><TH scope="row"><DIV style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Total</DIV></TH><TD>
$55.954 billion<SUP id="cite_ref-imfgdp_6-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-imfgdp-6">[3]</A></SUP> (<A href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal)">81st</A>)</TD></TR><TR class="mergedbottomrow"><TH scope="row"><DIV style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Per capita</DIV></TH><TD>
$7,924 (<A href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita">75th</A>)</TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/Gini_coefficient" title="Gini coefficient">Gini</A> <SPAN style="font-weight:normal;">(2017)</SPAN></TH><TD>
<IMG alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" title="Negative increase" width="11" height="11" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 40.2<SUP id="cite_ref-eurogini_7-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-eurogini-7">[4]</A></SUP><BR /><SPAN style="white-space:nowrap;"><SPAN style="color:orange">medium</SPAN></SPAN></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</A> <SPAN style="font-weight:normal;">(2016)</SPAN></TH><TD>
<IMG alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" title="Increase" width="11" height="11" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 0.794<SUP id="cite_ref-UN_8-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-UN-8">[5]</A></SUP><BR /><SPAN style="white-space:nowrap;"><SPAN style="color:forestgreen">high</SPAN></SPAN> · <A href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of countries by Human Development Index">56th</A></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row">Currency</TH><TD>
<A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_lev" title="Bulgarian lev">Lev</A> (<A href="/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">BGN</A>)</TD></TR><TR class="mergedtoprow"><TH scope="row">Time zone</TH><TD>
<A href="/wiki/Eastern_European_Time" title="Eastern European Time">EET</A> <SPAN class="nowrap">(<A href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</A>+2)</SPAN></TD></TR><TR class="mergedbottomrow"><TH scope="row"><DIV style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Summer (<A href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</A>)</DIV></TH><TD>
<A href="/wiki/Eastern_European_Summer_Time" title="Eastern European Summer Time">EEST</A> (<A href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</A>+3)</TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/Right-_and_left-hand_traffic" class="mw-redirect" title="Right- and left-hand traffic">Drives on the</A></TH><TD>
right</TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Bulgaria" title="Telephone numbers in Bulgaria">Calling code</A></TH><TD>
<A href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Bulgaria" title="Telephone numbers in Bulgaria">+359</A></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</A></TH><TD>
<A href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:BG" title="ISO 3166-2:BG">BG</A></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/Country_code_top-level_domain" title="Country code top-level domain">Internet TLD</A></TH><TD>
<A href="/wiki/.bg" title=".bg">.bg</A></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P><B>Bulgaria</B> (<SPAN class="nowrap"><SPAN class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt"><A href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<SPAN style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><SPAN title="'b' in 'buy'">b</SPAN><SPAN title="/ʌ/: 'u' in 'cut'">ʌ</SPAN><SPAN title="'l' in 'lie'">l</SPAN><SPAN title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</SPAN><SPAN title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</SPAN><SPAN title="/ɛər/: 'are' in 'bare'">ɛər</SPAN><SPAN title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</SPAN><SPAN title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</SPAN></SPAN>, <WBR /><SPAN style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><SPAN title="'b' in 'buy'">b</SPAN><SPAN title="/ʊ/: 'u' in 'push'">ʊ</SPAN><SPAN title="'l' in 'lie'">l</SPAN></SPAN>-/</A></SPAN><SMALL class="nowrap"> (<SPAN class="unicode haudio"><SPAN class="fn"><SPAN style="white-space:nowrap"><A href="/wiki/File:En-us-Bulgaria.ogg" title="About this sound"><IMG alt="About this sound" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png" width="11" height="11" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/17px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/22px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></A> </SPAN><A href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/En-us-Bulgaria.ogg" class="internal" title="En-us-Bulgaria.ogg">listen</A></SPAN></SPAN>)</SMALL></SPAN>; <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</A>: <SPAN lang="bg">България</SPAN>, <SMALL><A href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Bulgarian" title="Romanization of Bulgarian">tr.</A></SMALL> <I><I lang="bg-Latn" title="Bulgarian-language transliteration">Bǎlgariya</I></I>), officially the <B>Republic of Bulgaria</B> (Bulgarian: <SPAN lang="bg">Република България</SPAN>, <SMALL>tr.</SMALL> <I><I lang="bg-Latn" title="Bulgarian-language transliteration">Republika Bǎlgariya</I></I>, <SMALL>IPA: </SMALL><SPAN title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA"><A href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Bulgarian_and_Macedonian" title="Help:IPA/Bulgarian and Macedonian">[rɛˈpublikɐ bɐɫˈɡarijɐ]</A></SPAN>), is a country in <A href="/wiki/Southeast_Europe" title="Southeast Europe">southeastern Europe</A>. It is bordered by <A href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</A> to the north, <A href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</A> and <A href="/wiki/Republic_of_Macedonia" title="Republic of Macedonia">Macedonia</A> to the west, <A href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</A> and <A href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</A> to the south, and the <A href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</A> to the east. The capital and largest city is <A href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</A>; other major cities are <A href="/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv">Plovdiv</A>, <A href="/wiki/Varna" title="Varna">Varna</A> and <A href="/wiki/Burgas" title="Burgas">Burgas</A>. With a territory of 110,994 square kilometres (42,855 sq mi), Bulgaria is Europe's <A href="/wiki/List_of_European_countries_by_area" title="List of European countries by area">16th-largest country</A>.
</P><P>Organised <A href="/wiki/Prehistoric" class="mw-redirect" title="Prehistoric">prehistoric</A> cultures appeared in Bulgarian lands during the <A href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</A> period. In Antiquity, the region was a battleground for <A href="/wiki/Thracians" title="Thracians">Thracians</A>, <A href="/wiki/Persians" class="mw-redirect" title="Persians">Persians</A>, <A href="/wiki/Celts" title="Celts">Celts</A> and <A href="/wiki/Ancient_Macedonians" title="Ancient Macedonians">Macedonian Greeks</A> until it was conquered by the <A href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</A> in 45 AD. The Eastern Roman Empire lost some of these territories to an invading <A href="/wiki/Bulgars" title="Bulgars">Bulgar</A> horde, which founded the <A href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">first unified Bulgarian state</A> in 681 AD. It dominated most of the <A href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkans</A> and functioned as a cultural hub for <A href="/wiki/Slavs" title="Slavs">Slavs</A> during the <A href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</A>. After numerous exhausting wars and feudal strife, the <A href="/wiki/Second_Bulgarian_Empire" title="Second Bulgarian Empire">Second Bulgarian Empire</A> disintegrated in 1396 and its territories fell under <A href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</A> rule for nearly five centuries. The <A href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1877%E2%80%9378)" class="mw-redirect" title="Russo-Turkish War (1877–78)">Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78</A> resulted in the formation of the current Third Bulgarian State. Many ethnic Bulgarian populations were left outside its borders, which led to several conflicts with its neighbours and an alliance with Germany in both world wars. In 1946 Bulgaria became a one-party <A href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria" title="People's Republic of Bulgaria">socialist state</A> and part of the Soviet-led <A href="/wiki/Eastern_Bloc" title="Eastern Bloc">Eastern Bloc</A>. The ruling <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Communist_Party" title="Bulgarian Communist Party">Communist Party</A> gave up its monopoly on power after the <A href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1989" title="Revolutions of 1989">Revolutions of 1989</A> and allowed <A href="/wiki/Multi-party_system" title="Multi-party system">multi-party</A> elections. Bulgaria then transitioned into a <A href="/wiki/Democracy" title="Democracy">democracy</A> and a market-based economy.
</P><P>Since the adoption of a democratic constitution in 1991, Bulgaria has functioned as a <A href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">unitary</A> <A href="/wiki/Parliamentary_republic" title="Parliamentary republic">parliamentary republic</A> with a high degree of political, administrative, and economic centralisation. Most commercial and administrative activities are concentrated in its capital and largest city of <A href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</A>. The predominantly urbanised population of seven million people mainly inhabits the primary cities of the <A href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Bulgaria" title="Provinces of Bulgaria">28 provinces</A>. Bulgaria's <A href="/wiki/Market_economy" title="Market economy">market economy</A> is part of the <A href="/wiki/European_Single_Market" title="European Single Market">European Single Market</A> and is largely based on services, agriculture, and a sizeable industrial sector focused on mining and machine building.
</P><P>Bulgaria is a member of the <A href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</A>, <A href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</A>, and the <A href="/wiki/Council_of_Europe" title="Council of Europe">Council of Europe</A>; it is a founding state of the <A href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe" title="Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe">Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe</A> (OSCE) and has taken a seat at the <A href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">UN Security Council</A> three times. It is also notable for its biodiversity, its achievements in sports and science, particularly <A href="/wiki/Space_exploration" title="Space exploration">space exploration</A>, and its historical influence on Slavic cultures through its Medieval literary schools and the <A href="/wiki/Cyrillic_script" title="Cyrillic script">Cyrillic script</A>. However, it continues to struggle with crippling corruption and severe demographic decline.
</P>
<DIV id="toc" class="toc"><INPUT type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><DIV class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><H2>Contents</H2><SPAN class="toctogglespan"><LABEL class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></LABEL></SPAN></DIV>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><A href="#Etymology"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Etymology</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><A href="#History"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">History</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><A href="#Prehistory_and_antiquity"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Prehistory and antiquity</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><A href="#First_Bulgarian_Empire"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">First Bulgarian Empire</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><A href="#Second_Bulgarian_Empire"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2.3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Second Bulgarian Empire</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><A href="#Ottoman_rule"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2.4</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Ottoman rule</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><A href="#Third_Bulgarian_state"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2.5</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Third Bulgarian state</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><A href="#Geography"><SPAN class="tocnumber">3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Geography</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><A href="#Biodiversity_and_environment"><SPAN class="tocnumber">3.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Biodiversity and environment</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><A href="#Politics"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Politics</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><A href="#Legal_system"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Legal system</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><A href="#Administrative_divisions"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Administrative divisions</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><A href="#Foreign_relations_and_security"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4.3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Foreign relations and security</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><A href="#Economy"><SPAN class="tocnumber">5</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Economy</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><A href="#Sectors"><SPAN class="tocnumber">5.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Sectors</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><A href="#Science_and_technology"><SPAN class="tocnumber">5.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Science and technology</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><A href="#Infrastructure"><SPAN class="tocnumber">5.3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Infrastructure</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><A href="#Demographics"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Demographics</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><A href="#Culture"><SPAN class="tocnumber">7</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Culture</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-20"><A href="#Sports"><SPAN class="tocnumber">7.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Sports</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21"><A href="#See_also"><SPAN class="tocnumber">8</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">See also</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><A href="#Footnotes"><SPAN class="tocnumber">9</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Footnotes</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23"><A href="#References"><SPAN class="tocnumber">10</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">References</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-24"><A href="#Bibliography"><SPAN class="tocnumber">11</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Bibliography</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-25"><A href="#External_links"><SPAN class="tocnumber">12</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">External links</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>

<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Etymology">Etymology</SPAN></H2>
<P>The name <I>Bulgaria</I> is derived from the <I><A href="/wiki/Bulgars" title="Bulgars">Bulgars</A></I>, a tribe of <A href="/wiki/Turkic_peoples" title="Turkic peoples">Turkic</A> origin that established the country. Their name is not completely understood and difficult to trace back earlier than the 4th century AD,<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGolden1992103–104_9-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGolden1992103–104-9">[6]</A></SUP> but it is possibly derived from the <A href="/wiki/Proto-Turkic" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Turkic">Proto-Turkic</A> word <I>bulģha</I> ("to mix", "shake", "stir") and its derivative <I>bulgak</I> ("revolt", "disorder").<SUP id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-10">[7]</A></SUP> The meaning may be further extended to "rebel", "to incite", or "to produce a state of disorder", i.e. the "disturbers".<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChen201297_11-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChen201297-11">[8]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-12">[9]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGolden1992104_13-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGolden1992104-13">[10]</A></SUP> "To mix" or "of mixed stock" is a disputed interpretation of the word referring to the supposed mixing of the <A href="/wiki/Oghur_(tribe)" title="Oghur (tribe)">Oghurs</A> and the <A href="/wiki/Huns" title="Huns">Huns</A> that initiated the Bulgars' <A href="/wiki/Ethnogenesis" title="Ethnogenesis">ethnogenesis</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaratay200325_14-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKaratay200325-14">[11]</A></SUP> Such mixing, however, may have occurred earlier. Scholar Sanping Chen has noted analogous groups in <A href="/wiki/Inner_Asia" title="Inner Asia">Inner Asia</A>, with phonologically similar names, who were frequently described in similar terms: during the 4th century, the <A href="/wiki/Jie_people" title="Jie people">Buluoji</A>, a component of the "<A href="/wiki/Five_Barbarians" title="Five Barbarians">Five Barbarian</A>" groups in Ancient China, were portrayed as both a "mixed race" and "troublemakers".<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChen201292–95,_97_15-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChen201292–95,_97-15">[12]</A></SUP> Alternate etymologies include derivation from a compound of Proto-Turkic <I>bel</I> ("five") and <I>gur</I> ("arrow" in the sense of "<A href="/wiki/Turkic_tribal_confederations" title="Turkic tribal confederations">tribe</A>"), a proposed division within the <A href="/wiki/Utigurs" title="Utigurs">Utigurs</A> or <A href="/wiki/Onogurs" title="Onogurs">Onogurs</A> ("ten tribes").<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaratay200328_16-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKaratay200328-16">[13]</A></SUP>
</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="History">History</SPAN></H2>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria" title="History of Bulgaria">History of Bulgaria</A></DIV>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Prehistory_and_antiquity">Prehistory and antiquity</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <A href="/wiki/Neolithic_Europe" title="Neolithic Europe">Neolithic Europe</A>, <A href="/wiki/Odrysian_kingdom" title="Odrysian kingdom">Odrysian kingdom</A>, <A href="/wiki/Thracians" title="Thracians">Thracians</A>, and <A href="/wiki/Slavs" title="Slavs">Slavs</A></DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tleft"><DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:132px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Sofia_-_Odrysian_Wreath_from_Golyamata_Mogila.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="Thracian golden wreath exhibited in the National Historical Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sofia_-_Odrysian_Wreath_from_Golyamata_Mogila.jpg/130px-Sofia_-_Odrysian_Wreath_from_Golyamata_Mogila.jpg" width="130" height="195" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sofia_-_Odrysian_Wreath_from_Golyamata_Mogila.jpg/195px-Sofia_-_Odrysian_Wreath_from_Golyamata_Mogila.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sofia_-_Odrysian_Wreath_from_Golyamata_Mogila.jpg/260px-Sofia_-_Odrysian_Wreath_from_Golyamata_Mogila.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="3000" /></A>  <DIV class="thumbcaption"><DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Sofia_-_Odrysian_Wreath_from_Golyamata_Mogila.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV><A href="/wiki/Thracia" title="Thracia">Thracian</A> golden <A href="/wiki/Wreath" title="Wreath">wreath</A> in the <A href="/wiki/National_Historical_Museum_(Bulgaria)" title="National Historical Museum (Bulgaria)">National Historical Museum</A></DIV></DIV></DIV>
<P>Human activity in the lands of modern Bulgaria can be traced back to the <A href="/wiki/Paleolithic" title="Paleolithic">Paleolithic</A>. Organised agricultural societies, like the <A href="/wiki/Vin%C4%8Da_culture" title="Vinča culture">Vinča culture</A>, arose in the <A href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-17">[14]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-18">[15]</A></SUP> The <A href="/wiki/Eneolithic" class="mw-redirect" title="Eneolithic">eneolithic</A> <A href="/wiki/Varna_culture" title="Varna culture">Varna culture</A> (fifth millennium BC) is credited with inventing <A href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">gold</A> working and exploitation.<SUP id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-19">[16]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-20">[17]</A></SUP> The associated <A href="/wiki/Varna_Necropolis" title="Varna Necropolis">Varna Necropolis treasure</A> contains the oldest golden jewellery in the world with an approximate age of over 6,000 years.<SUP id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-21">[18]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-22">[19]</A></SUP> The treasure has been valuable for understanding social hierarchy and stratification in the earliest European societies.<SUP id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-23">[20]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-CENTCOM_24-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-CENTCOM-24">[21]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-25">[22]</A></SUP>
</P><P>One of the three primary ancestral groups of modern Bulgarians were the <A href="/wiki/Thracians" title="Thracians">Thracians</A>,<SUP id="cite_ref-EBBulgars_26-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-EBBulgars-26">[23]</A></SUP> who appeared in the region during the <A href="/wiki/Iron_Age" title="Iron Age">Iron Age</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-27">[24]</A></SUP> The <A href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Persians</A> conquered most of present-day Bulgaria in the 6th century BC and retained control over the region until <A href="/wiki/Second_Persian_invasion_of_Greece" title="Second Persian invasion of Greece">479 BC</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-28">[25]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoismanWorthington2011135–138,_343–345_29-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoismanWorthington2011135–138,_343–345-29">[26]</A></SUP> The bulk of the Thracian tribes united under king <A href="/wiki/Teres_I" title="Teres I">Teres</A> to form the <A href="/wiki/Odrysian_kingdom" title="Odrysian kingdom">Odrysian kingdom</A> in the 470s BC.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoismanWorthington135–138,_343–345_30-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoismanWorthington135–138,_343–345-30">[27]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-31">[28]</A></SUP> It was weakened and vassalised by <A href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Macedon" title="Philip II of Macedon">Philip II of Macedon</A> in 341 BC,<SUP id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-32">[29]</A></SUP> attacked <A href="/wiki/Tylis" title="Tylis">by Celts</A> in the 3rd century,<SUP id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-33">[30]</A></SUP> and finally <A href="/wiki/Thracia" title="Thracia">became a province</A> of the <A href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</A> in 45 AD.<SUP id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-34">[31]</A></SUP>
</P><P>After the split of the Roman Empire in the 5th century AD the area fell under <A href="/wiki/Byzantine" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine">Byzantine</A> control. By this time, <A href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</A> had already spread in the region. <A href="/wiki/Gothic_Bible" title="Gothic Bible">Wulfila's Bible</A>, the first book written in a <A href="/wiki/Germanic_languages" title="Germanic languages">Germanic language</A>, was created by bishop <A href="/wiki/Wulfila" class="mw-redirect" title="Wulfila">Wulfila</A> in the small <A href="/wiki/Goths" title="Goths">Gothic</A> community at <A href="/wiki/Nicopolis_ad_Istrum" title="Nicopolis ad Istrum">Nicopolis ad Istrum</A> in the 4th century.<SUP id="cite_ref-Ivanov_35-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Ivanov-35">[32]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-36">[33]</A></SUP> The <A href="/wiki/Monastery_of_Saint_Athanasius" title="Monastery of Saint Athanasius">first Christian monastery</A> in Europe was established around the same time by <A href="/wiki/Saint_Athanasius" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Athanasius">Saint Athanasius</A> in central Bulgaria.<SUP id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-37">[34]</A></SUP> The partly Romanised or Hellenised Thracians were assimilated by the <A href="/wiki/South_Slavs" title="South Slavs">South Slavs</A>, who gradually settled in the region in the 6th century.<SUP id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-38">[35]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-39">[36]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-40">[37]</A></SUP>
</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="First_Bulgarian_Empire">First Bulgarian Empire</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">First Bulgarian Empire</A></DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tright"><DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Krum1.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="Krum feasting with his nobles after the battle of Pliska, detail from the Manasses chronicle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Krum1.jpg/220px-Krum1.jpg" width="220" height="169" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Krum1.jpg/330px-Krum1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Krum1.jpg/440px-Krum1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1689" data-file-height="1296" /></A>  <DIV class="thumbcaption"><DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Krum1.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>Khan Krum feasts with his nobles after the battle of Pliska. His servant (far right) brings the wine-filled <A href="/wiki/Skull_cup" title="Skull cup">skull cup</A> of <A href="/wiki/Nicephorus_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicephorus I">Nicephorus I</A>.</DIV></DIV></DIV>
<P>The area between the lower Danube and the <A href="/wiki/Balkan_Mountains" title="Balkan Mountains">Balkan Mountains</A> was again invaded in 680, this time by the <A href="/wiki/Bulgars" title="Bulgars">Bulgar</A> horde of <A href="/wiki/List_of_Bulgarian_monarchs" title="List of Bulgarian monarchs">Khan</A> <A href="/wiki/Asparuh_of_Bulgaria" title="Asparuh of Bulgaria">Asparukh</A>, a remnant of <A href="/wiki/Old_Great_Bulgaria" title="Old Great Bulgaria">Old Great Bulgaria</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-EBBulgars_26-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-EBBulgars-26">[23]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-41">[38]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-42">[39]</A></SUP> A peace treaty with the <A href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</A> was signed the following year, and the <A href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">First Bulgarian Empire</A> was established.<SUP id="cite_ref-EBBulgars_26-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-EBBulgars-26">[23]</A></SUP> The Bulgars gradually mixed with the local population, forging a common language based on <A href="/wiki/Slavic_languages" title="Slavic languages">Slavic</A> dialects.<SUP id="cite_ref-Ivanov_35-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Ivanov-35">[32]</A></SUP>
</P><P>Succeeding rulers strengthened the Bulgarian state throughout the 8th and 9th centuries. <A href="/wiki/Krum_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Krum of Bulgaria">Krum</A> introduced a written code of law<SUP id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-43">[40]</A></SUP> and checked a major Byzantine incursion at the <A href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pliska" title="Battle of Pliska">Battle of Pliska</A> where Byzantine emperor <A href="/wiki/Nicephorus_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicephorus I">Nicephorus I</A> was killed.<SUP id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-44">[41]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Boris_I_of_Bulgaria" title="Boris I of Bulgaria">Boris I</A> abolished paganism in favour of <A href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Christianity</A> in 864. The <A href="/wiki/Christianization_of_Bulgaria" title="Christianization of Bulgaria">conversion</A> was followed by a Byzantine recognition of the <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Orthodox_Church" title="Bulgarian Orthodox Church">Bulgarian church</A><SUP id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-45">[42]</A></SUP> and the adoption of the <A href="/wiki/Cyrillic_script" title="Cyrillic script">Cyrillic alphabet</A> developed at the capital of <A href="/wiki/Preslav" class="mw-redirect" title="Preslav">Preslav</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-46">[43]</A></SUP> The new religion and script strengthened central authority and helped the Slavs and Bulgars fuse into a unified people.<SUP id="cite_ref-EB_47-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-EB-47">[44]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-RCJ_BG_48-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-RCJ_BG-48">[45]</A></SUP> A cultural golden age began during the 34-year rule of <A href="/wiki/Simeon_I_of_Bulgaria" title="Simeon I of Bulgaria">Simeon the Great</A>, who also oversaw the largest territorial expansion of the state.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_First_Golden_Age_49-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_First_Golden_Age-49">[46]</A></SUP>
</P><P>After Simeon's death, wars with <A href="/wiki/Magyars" class="mw-redirect" title="Magyars">Magyars</A> and <A href="/wiki/Pechenegs" title="Pechenegs">Pechenegs</A> and the spread of the <A href="/wiki/Bogomilism" title="Bogomilism">Bogomil heresy</A> weakened Bulgaria.<SUP id="cite_ref-EB_47-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-EB-47">[44]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-50">[47]</A></SUP> Preslav was seized by the Byzantine army in 971 after consecutive <A href="/wiki/Kievan_Rus%27" title="Kievan Rus'">Rus'</A> and Byzantine invasions.<SUP id="cite_ref-EB_47-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-EB-47">[44]</A></SUP> Under <A href="/wiki/Samuel_of_Bulgaria" title="Samuel of Bulgaria">Samuil</A>, the empire briefly recovered from the attacks,<SUP id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-51">[48]</A></SUP> but this recovery ended when Byzantine emperor <A href="/wiki/Basil_II" title="Basil II">Basil II</A> defeated the Bulgarian army at <A href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kleidion" title="Battle of Kleidion">Klyuch</A> in 1014. Samuil died shortly after the battle,<SUP id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-52">[49]</A></SUP> and by 1018 the Byzantines had ended the First Bulgarian Empire.<SUP id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-53">[50]</A></SUP>
</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Second_Bulgarian_Empire">Second Bulgarian Empire</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Second_Bulgarian_Empire" title="Second Bulgarian Empire">Second Bulgarian Empire</A></DIV>
<P>After the conquest of Bulgaria, Basil II prevented revolts by retaining the rule of local nobility and relieving their lands of the obligation to pay taxes in gold, allowing payment in kind instead.<SUP id="cite_ref-Ostrog_54-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Ostrog-54">[51]</A></SUP> The <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Orthodox_Church" title="Bulgarian Orthodox Church">Bulgarian Patriarchate</A> was reduced to an <A href="/wiki/Orthodox_Archbishopric_of_Ohrid_(ancient)" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthodox Archbishopric of Ohrid (ancient)">archbishopric</A>, but retained its <A href="/wiki/Autocephaly" title="Autocephaly">autocephalous status</A> and its <A href="/wiki/Diocese" title="Diocese">dioceses</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-Ostrog_54-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Ostrog-54">[51]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-55">[52]</A></SUP> Byzantine domestic policies changed after Basil's death and a series of unsuccessful rebellions broke out, <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_uprising_against_the_Byzantine_Empire_(1040-1041)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulgarian uprising against the Byzantine Empire (1040-1041)">the largest</A> being led by <A href="/wiki/Peter_Delyan" title="Peter Delyan">Peter Delyan</A>. In 1185 <A href="/wiki/Asen_dynasty" title="Asen dynasty">Asen dynasty</A> nobles <A href="/wiki/Ivan_Asen_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivan Asen I">Ivan Asen I</A> and <A href="/wiki/Peter_IV_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter IV of Bulgaria">Peter IV</A> organised a <A href="/wiki/Uprising_of_Asen_and_Peter" title="Uprising of Asen and Peter">major uprising</A> which resulted in the re-establishment of the Bulgarian state. Ivan Asen and Peter laid the foundations of the Second Bulgarian Empire with <A href="/wiki/Veliko_Tarnovo" title="Veliko Tarnovo">Tarnovo</A> as the capital.<SUP id="cite_ref-EBSecondEmpire_56-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-EBSecondEmpire-56">[53]</A></SUP>
</P>
<DIV class="thumb tright"><DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:20140621_Veliko_Tarnovo_002.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="A view of the walls of Tsarevets fortress in Tarnovo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/20140621_Veliko_Tarnovo_002.jpg/220px-20140621_Veliko_Tarnovo_002.jpg" width="220" height="124" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/20140621_Veliko_Tarnovo_002.jpg/330px-20140621_Veliko_Tarnovo_002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/20140621_Veliko_Tarnovo_002.jpg/440px-20140621_Veliko_Tarnovo_002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3243" data-file-height="1821" /></A>  <DIV class="thumbcaption"><DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:20140621_Veliko_Tarnovo_002.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>The walls of <A href="/wiki/Tsarevets_(fortress)" title="Tsarevets (fortress)">Tsarevets fortress</A> in <A href="/wiki/Veliko_Tarnovo" title="Veliko Tarnovo">Veliko Tarnovo</A>, the capital of the second empire</DIV></DIV></DIV>
<P><A href="/wiki/Kaloyan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaloyan">Kaloyan</A>, the third of the Asen monarchs, extended his dominion to <A href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</A> and <A href="/wiki/Ohrid" title="Ohrid">Ohrid</A>. He acknowledged the spiritual supremacy of <A href="/wiki/The_pope" class="mw-redirect" title="The pope">the pope</A> and received a royal crown from a <A href="/wiki/Papal_legate" title="Papal legate">papal legate</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-EB1911_57-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-EB1911-57">[54]</A></SUP> The empire reached its zenith under <A href="/wiki/Ivan_Asen_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivan Asen II">Ivan Asen II</A> (1218–1241), when its borders expanded as far as <A href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</A> and <A href="/wiki/Epirus" title="Epirus">Epirus</A> while commerce and culture flourished.<SUP id="cite_ref-EB1911_57-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-EB1911-57">[54]</A></SUP> Tarnovo became a "<A href="/wiki/Third_Rome" title="Third Rome">Third Rome</A>" because of its influence in commercial and religious matters, overshadowing a declining Constantinople.<SUP id="cite_ref-Ivanov_35-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Ivanov-35">[32]</A></SUP>
</P><P>The Asen dynasty's downfall in 1257 was followed by internal conflicts, incessant Byzantine and Hungarian attacks and <A href="/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_Bulgaria_and_Serbia" title="Mongol invasion of Bulgaria and Serbia">Mongol suzerainty</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-EB1911_57-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-EB1911-57">[54]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-58">[55]</A></SUP> In 1277, swineherd <A href="/wiki/Ivaylo_of_Bulgaria" title="Ivaylo of Bulgaria">Ivaylo</A> led a <A href="/wiki/Uprising_of_Ivaylo" title="Uprising of Ivaylo">great peasant revolt</A> that chased the Mongols out of Bulgaria and briefly made him emperor.<SUP id="cite_ref-Martin_2017_59-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Martin_2017-59">[56]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-EBSecondEmpire_56-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-EBSecondEmpire-56">[53]</A></SUP> Ivaylo was overthrown in 1280 by <A href="/wiki/Boyars" class="mw-redirect" title="Boyars">the feudal landlords</A>,<SUP id="cite_ref-Martin_2017_59-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Martin_2017-59">[56]</A></SUP> whose factional conflicts caused the Second Bulgarian Empire to disintegrate into small feudal dominions by the 14th century.<SUP id="cite_ref-EBSecondEmpire_56-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-EBSecondEmpire-56">[53]</A></SUP> These fragmented <A href="/wiki/Rump_state" title="Rump state">rump states</A>—two tsardoms at <A href="/wiki/Tsardom_of_Vidin" title="Tsardom of Vidin">Vidin</A> and <A href="/wiki/Second_Bulgarian_Empire#Ivan_Alexander_and_fall_of_Bulgaria" title="Second Bulgarian Empire">Tarnovo</A> and the <A href="/wiki/Despotate_of_Dobruja" title="Despotate of Dobruja">Despotate of Dobrudzha</A>—became easy prey for a new threat arriving from the Southeast: the <A href="/wiki/Ottoman_Turks" title="Ottoman Turks">Ottoman Turks</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-EB1911_57-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-EB1911-57">[54]</A></SUP>
</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Ottoman_rule">Ottoman rule</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Ottoman_Bulgaria" title="Ottoman Bulgaria">Ottoman Bulgaria</A></DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tleft"><DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Bulgaria_Ivan_Alexander_(1331-1371).svg" class="image"><IMG alt="Map of the 14th century Bulgarian rump states" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Bulgaria_Ivan_Alexander_%281331-1371%29.svg/220px-Bulgaria_Ivan_Alexander_%281331-1371%29.svg.png" width="220" height="179" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Bulgaria_Ivan_Alexander_%281331-1371%29.svg/330px-Bulgaria_Ivan_Alexander_%281331-1371%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Bulgaria_Ivan_Alexander_%281331-1371%29.svg/440px-Bulgaria_Ivan_Alexander_%281331-1371%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="319" /></A>  <DIV class="thumbcaption"><DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Bulgaria_Ivan_Alexander_(1331-1371).svg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>Fragmentation of the Second Bulgarian Empire in the 14th century</DIV></DIV></DIV>
<P>The Ottomans were employed as mercenaries by the Byzantines in the 1340s but later became invaders in their own right.<SUP id="cite_ref-Ottoman_rule_60-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Ottoman_rule-60">[57]</A></SUP> Sultan <A href="/wiki/Murad_I" title="Murad I">Murad I</A> took <A href="/wiki/Adrianople" class="mw-redirect" title="Adrianople">Adrianople</A> from the Byzantines in 1362; <A href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</A> fell in 1382, followed by <A href="/wiki/Shumen" title="Shumen">Shumen</A> in 1388.<SUP id="cite_ref-Ottoman_rule_60-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Ottoman_rule-60">[57]</A></SUP> The Ottomans completed their conquest of Bulgarian lands in 1393 when Tarnovo was sacked after a three-month siege, and then the <A href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nicopolis" title="Battle of Nicopolis">Battle of Nicopolis</A> which brought about the fall of the Vidin Tsardom in 1396. Bulgarian nobility was subsequently eliminated and the peasantry was <A href="/wiki/Serfdom" title="Serfdom">enserfed</A> to Ottoman masters,<SUP id="cite_ref-Ottoman_rule_60-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Ottoman_rule-60">[57]</A></SUP> while much of the educated clergy fled to other countries.<SUP id="cite_ref-Jireček_61-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Jireček-61">[58]</A></SUP>
</P><P>Christians were considered an <A href="/wiki/Rayah" title="Rayah">inferior class</A> of people under the Ottoman system. Bulgarians were thus subjected to heavy taxes (including <A href="/wiki/Devshirme" title="Devshirme">devshirme</A>, or <I>blood tax</I>), their culture was suppressed,<SUP id="cite_ref-Jireček_61-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Jireček-61">[58]</A></SUP> and they experienced partial <A href="/wiki/Islamisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamisation">Islamisation</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-62">[59]</A></SUP> Ottoman authorities established a religious administrative community called the Rum <A href="/wiki/Millet_(Ottoman_Empire)" title="Millet (Ottoman Empire)">Millet</A>, which governed all Orthodox Christians regardless of their ethnicity.<SUP id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-63">[60]</A></SUP> Most of the local population then gradually lost its distinct national consciousness, identifying only by its faith.<SUP id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-64">[61]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-65">[62]</A></SUP> However, the clergy remaining in some isolated monasteries kept their ethnic identity alive, enabling its survival in remote rural areas,<SUP id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-66">[63]</A></SUP> and in the militant <A href="/wiki/Roman_Catholicism_in_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism in Bulgaria">Catholic community</A> in the northwest of the country.<SUP id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-67">[64]</A></SUP>
</P><P>As Ottoman power began to wane, <A href="/wiki/Habsburg_Monarchy" title="Habsburg Monarchy">Habsburg Austria</A> and Russia saw Bulgarian Christians as potential allies. The Austrians first backed an <A href="/wiki/First_Tarnovo_Uprising" title="First Tarnovo Uprising">uprising in Tarnovo in 1598</A>, then <A href="/wiki/Second_Tarnovo_Uprising" title="Second Tarnovo Uprising">a second one in 1686</A>, the <A href="/wiki/Chiprovtsi_Uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="Chiprovtsi Uprising">Chiprovtsi Uprising</A> in 1688 and finally <A href="/wiki/Karposh%27s_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Karposh's Rebellion">Karposh's Rebellion</A> in 1689.<SUP id="cite_ref-Decline_68-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Decline-68">[65]</A></SUP> The <A href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</A> also asserted itself as a protector of Christians in Ottoman lands with the <A href="/wiki/Treaty_of_K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk_Kaynarca" title="Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca">Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca</A> in 1774.<SUP id="cite_ref-Decline_68-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Decline-68">[65]</A></SUP>
</P>
<DIV class="thumb tright"><DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:The_defeat_of_Shipka_Peak,_Bulgarian_War_of_Independence.JPG" class="image"><IMG alt="The Defence of the Eagle's Nest, painting by Alexey Popov from 1893, depicting the Defence of Shipka Pass" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/The_defeat_of_Shipka_Peak%2C_Bulgarian_War_of_Independence.JPG/220px-The_defeat_of_Shipka_Peak%2C_Bulgarian_War_of_Independence.JPG" width="220" height="160" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/The_defeat_of_Shipka_Peak%2C_Bulgarian_War_of_Independence.JPG/330px-The_defeat_of_Shipka_Peak%2C_Bulgarian_War_of_Independence.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/The_defeat_of_Shipka_Peak%2C_Bulgarian_War_of_Independence.JPG/440px-The_defeat_of_Shipka_Peak%2C_Bulgarian_War_of_Independence.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1134" data-file-height="827" /></A>  <DIV class="thumbcaption"><DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:The_defeat_of_Shipka_Peak,_Bulgarian_War_of_Independence.JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>The Russo-Bulgarian defence of Shipka Pass</DIV></DIV></DIV>
<P>The Western European <A href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Enlightenment</A> in the 18th century influenced the initiation of a <A href="/wiki/National_awakening_of_Bulgaria" title="National awakening of Bulgaria">national awakening of Bulgaria</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-Ottoman_rule_60-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Ottoman_rule-60">[57]</A></SUP> It restored national consciousness and provided an ideological basis for the liberation struggle, resulting in the 1876 <A href="/wiki/April_Uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="April Uprising">April Uprising</A>. Up to 30,000 Bulgarians were killed as Ottoman authorities put down the rebellion. The massacres prompted the <A href="/wiki/Great_Powers#History" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Powers">Great Powers</A> to take action.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_Final_Move_to_Independence_69-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_Final_Move_to_Independence-69">[66]</A></SUP> They convened the <A href="/wiki/Constantinople_Conference" title="Constantinople Conference">Constantinople Conference</A> in 1876, but their decisions were rejected by the Ottomans. This allowed the <A href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</A> to seek a military solution without risking confrontation with other Great Powers, as had happened in the <A href="/wiki/Crimean_War" title="Crimean War">Crimean War</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_Final_Move_to_Independence_69-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_Final_Move_to_Independence-69">[66]</A></SUP> In 1877 <A href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War,_1877%E2%80%931878" class="mw-redirect" title="Russo-Turkish War, 1877–1878">Russia declared war</A> on the Ottomans and defeated them with the help of <A href="/wiki/Opalchentsi" title="Opalchentsi">Bulgarian rebels</A>, particularly during the crucial <A href="/wiki/Battle_of_Shipka_Pass" title="Battle of Shipka Pass">Battle of Shipka Pass</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-70">[67]</A></SUP>
</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Third_Bulgarian_state">Third Bulgarian state</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <A href="/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria_(1878%E2%80%931946)" title="History of Bulgaria (1878–1946)">History of Bulgaria (1878–1946)</A>, <A href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria" title="People's Republic of Bulgaria">People's Republic of Bulgaria</A>, and <A href="/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria_since_1989" title="History of Bulgaria since 1989">History of Bulgaria since 1989</A></DIV>
<P>The <A href="/wiki/Treaty_of_San_Stefano" title="Treaty of San Stefano">Treaty of San Stefano</A> was signed on 3 March 1878 by Russia and the Ottoman Empire, and included a provision to set up an autonomous Bulgarian principality roughly on the territories of the Second Bulgarian Empire.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESan_Stefano,_Berlin_and_Independence_71-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESan_Stefano,_Berlin_and_Independence-71">[68]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-72">[69]</A></SUP> The other <A href="/wiki/Great_Powers#History" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Powers">Great Powers</A> immediately rejected the treaty out of fear that such a large country in the Balkans might threaten their interests. It was superseded by the <A href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Berlin,_1878" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Berlin, 1878">Treaty of Berlin</A>, signed on 13 July, which provided for a much smaller state comprising <A href="/wiki/Moesia" title="Moesia">Moesia</A> and the region of <A href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</A>, leaving large populations of ethnic Bulgarians outside the new country.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESan_Stefano,_Berlin_and_Independence_71-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESan_Stefano,_Berlin_and_Independence-71">[68]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-BBCProfile_73-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-BBCProfile-73">[70]</A></SUP> This significantly contributed to Bulgaria's militaristic foreign affairs approach during the first half of the 20th century.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHistorical_Setting_74-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHistorical_Setting-74">[71]</A></SUP>
</P><P>The Bulgarian principality won <A href="/wiki/Serbo-Bulgarian_War" title="Serbo-Bulgarian War">a war against Serbia</A> and incorporated the semi-autonomous Ottoman territory of <A href="/wiki/Eastern_Rumelia" title="Eastern Rumelia">Eastern Rumelia</A> in 1885, proclaiming itself an independent state on 5 October 1908.<SUP id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-75">[72]</A></SUP> In the years following independence, Bulgaria increasingly militarised and was often referred to as "the Balkan <A href="/wiki/Prussia" title="Prussia">Prussia</A>".<SUP id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-76">[73]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-77">[74]</A></SUP> It became involved in three consecutive conflicts between 1912 and 1918—two <A href="/wiki/Balkan_Wars" title="Balkan Wars">Balkan Wars</A> and <A href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</A>. After a disastrous defeat in the <A href="/wiki/Second_Balkan_War" title="Second Balkan War">Second Balkan War</A>, Bulgaria again found itself fighting on the losing side as a result of its alliance with the <A href="/wiki/Central_Powers" title="Central Powers">Central Powers</A> in World War I. Despite fielding more than a quarter of its population in a 1,200,000-strong army<SUP id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-78">[75]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-79">[76]</A></SUP> and achieving several decisive victories at <A href="/wiki/Battle_of_Doiran_(1917)" title="Battle of Doiran (1917)">Doiran</A> and <A href="/wiki/Battle_of_Monastir_(1917)" title="Battle of Monastir (1917)">Monastir</A>, the country capitulated in 1918. The war resulted in significant territorial losses and a total of 87,500 soldiers killed.<SUP id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-80">[77]</A></SUP> More than 253,000 refugees from the lost territories <A href="/wiki/Immigrated" class="mw-redirect" title="Immigrated">immigrated</A> to Bulgaria from 1912 to 1929,<SUP id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-81">[78]</A></SUP> placing additional strain on the already ruined national economy.<SUP id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-82">[79]</A></SUP>
</P>
<DIV class="thumb tleft"><DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:152px;"><A href="/wiki/File:BASA-3K-7-342-28-Boris_III_of_Bulgaria.jpeg" class="image"><IMG alt="A portrait of Tsar Boris III" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BASA-3K-7-342-28-Boris_III_of_Bulgaria.jpeg/150px-BASA-3K-7-342-28-Boris_III_of_Bulgaria.jpeg" width="150" height="200" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BASA-3K-7-342-28-Boris_III_of_Bulgaria.jpeg/225px-BASA-3K-7-342-28-Boris_III_of_Bulgaria.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/BASA-3K-7-342-28-Boris_III_of_Bulgaria.jpeg/300px-BASA-3K-7-342-28-Boris_III_of_Bulgaria.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="2543" /></A>  <DIV class="thumbcaption"><DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:BASA-3K-7-342-28-Boris_III_of_Bulgaria.jpeg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>Tsar Boris III</DIV></DIV></DIV>
<P>The resulting political unrest led to the establishment of a royal <A href="/wiki/Authoritarianism" title="Authoritarianism">authoritarian dictatorship</A> by Tsar <A href="/wiki/Boris_III_of_Bulgaria" title="Boris III of Bulgaria">Boris III</A> (1918–1943). Bulgaria entered World War II in 1941 as a member of <A href="/wiki/Axis_Powers" class="mw-redirect" title="Axis Powers">the Axis</A> but declined to participate in <A href="/wiki/Operation_Barbarossa" title="Operation Barbarossa">Operation Barbarossa</A> and <A href="/wiki/Rescue_of_the_Bulgarian_Jews" title="Rescue of the Bulgarian Jews">saved its Jewish population</A> from deportation to <A href="/wiki/Nazi_concentration_camps" title="Nazi concentration camps">concentration camps</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBulgaria_in_World_War_II:_The_Passive_Alliance_83-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBulgaria_in_World_War_II:_The_Passive_Alliance-83">[80]</A></SUP> The sudden death of Boris III in the summer of 1943 pushed the country into political turmoil as the war turned against Germany and the communist guerrilla movement gained momentum. The government of <A href="/wiki/Bogdan_Filov" title="Bogdan Filov">Bogdan Filov</A> subsequently failed to achieve peace with the Allies. Bulgaria did not comply with Soviet demands to expel German forces from its territory, resulting in a declaration of war and an invasion by the USSR in September 1944.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWartime_Crisis_84-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWartime_Crisis-84">[81]</A></SUP> The communist-dominated <A href="/wiki/Fatherland_Front_(Bulgaria)" title="Fatherland Front (Bulgaria)">Fatherland Front</A> took power, ended participation in the Axis and joined the Allied side until the war ended.<SUP id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-85">[82]</A></SUP> Bulgaria suffered little war damage and the Soviet Union demanded no reparations; however, all wartime gains, with the notable exception of <A href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Craiova" title="Treaty of Craiova">Southern Dobrudzha</A>, were lost.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_Soviet_Occupation_86-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_Soviet_Occupation-86">[83]</A></SUP>
</P><P>The <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_of_1944" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulgarian coup d'état of 1944">left-wing uprising</A> of 9 September 1944 led to the abolition of monarchic rule, but it was not until 1946 that a <A href="/wiki/One-party_state" title="One-party state">one-party</A> <A href="/wiki/People%27s_republic" class="mw-redirect" title="People's republic">people's republic</A> was established.<SUP id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-87">[84]</A></SUP> It fell into the Soviet sphere of influence under the leadership of <A href="/wiki/Georgi_Dimitrov" title="Georgi Dimitrov">Georgi Dimitrov</A> (1946–1949). He laid the foundations of a rapidly industrialising <A href="/wiki/Stalinism" title="Stalinism">Stalinist</A> state which saw the executions of thousands of war criminals and dissidents.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_Soviet_Occupation_86-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_Soviet_Occupation-86">[83]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-88">[85]</A></SUP> By the mid-1950s standards of living rose significantly and political repressions were lessened.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDomestic_Policy_and_Its_Results_89-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDomestic_Policy_and_Its_Results-89">[86]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAfter_Stalin_90-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAfter_Stalin-90">[87]</A></SUP> The Soviet-style <A href="/wiki/Planned_economy" title="Planned economy">planned economy</A> saw some market-oriented policies emerging on an experimental level under <A href="/wiki/Todor_Zhivkov" title="Todor Zhivkov">Todor Zhivkov</A> (1954–1989).<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_Economy_91-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_Economy-91">[88]</A></SUP> Both national and per capita GDPs quadrupled by the 1980s,<SUP id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-92">[89]</A></SUP> although severe debt spikes took place in 1960, 1977 and 1980.<SUP id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-93">[90]</A></SUP> Zhivkov's daughter <A href="/wiki/Lyudmila_Zhivkova" title="Lyudmila Zhivkova">Lyudmila</A> bolstered national pride by promoting Bulgarian heritage, culture and arts worldwide.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_Political_Atmosphere_in_the_1970s_94-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_Political_Atmosphere_in_the_1970s-94">[91]</A></SUP> Facing declining birth rates among the ethnic Bulgarian majority, in 1984 Zhivkov's government forced the minority <A href="/wiki/Turks_in_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks in Bulgaria">ethnic Turks</A> to adopt Slavic names in an attempt to erase their identity and assimilate them.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBulgaria_in_the_1980s_95-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBulgaria_in_the_1980s-95">[92]</A></SUP> These policies resulted in the emigration of some 300,000 ethnic Turks to Turkey.<SUP id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-96">[93]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-97">[94]</A></SUP>
</P><P>The Communist Party gave up its political monopoly on 10 November 1989 under the influence of the <A href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1989" title="Revolutions of 1989">Revolutions of 1989</A>. Zhivkov resigned and Bulgaria embarked on a transition to a parliamentary democracy.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGovernment_and_Politics_98-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGovernment_and_Politics-98">[95]</A></SUP> The first free elections in June 1990 were won by the Communist Party, now rebranded as the <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Socialist_Party" title="Bulgarian Socialist Party">Bulgarian Socialist Party</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-99">[96]</A></SUP> A <A href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Bulgaria" title="Constitution of Bulgaria">new constitution</A> that provided for a relatively weak elected president and for a prime minister accountable to the legislature was adopted in July 1991. The new system initially failed to improve living standards or create economic growth—the average quality of life and economic performance remained lower than under communism well into the early 2000s.<SUP id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-100">[97]</A></SUP> A 1997 reform package restored economic growth, but living standards continued to suffer.<SUP id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-101">[98]</A></SUP> After 2001 economic, political and geopolitical conditions improved greatly,<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200616_102-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200616-102">[99]</A></SUP> and Bulgaria achieved high Human Development status in 2003.<SUP id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-103">[100]</A></SUP> It became a member of <A href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</A> in 2004<SUP id="cite_ref-nato_104-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-nato-104">[101]</A></SUP> and participated in the <A href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%93present)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–present)">War in Afghanistan</A>. After several years of reforms it joined the <A href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</A> and <A href="/wiki/European_Single_Market" title="European Single Market">single market</A> in 2007 despite concerns about government corruption.<SUP id="cite_ref-VOA_105-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-VOA-105">[102]</A></SUP> Bulgaria hosted the 2018 <A href="/wiki/Presidency_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Presidency of the Council of the European Union">Presidency of the Council of the European Union</A> at the National Palace of Culture in Sofia.<SUP id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-106">[103]</A></SUP>
</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Geography">Geography</SPAN></H2>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Geography_of_Bulgaria" title="Geography of Bulgaria">Geography of Bulgaria</A></DIV>
<P>Bulgaria occupies a portion of the eastern <A href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkan</A> peninsula, bordering five countries—<A href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</A> and <A href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</A> to the south, <A href="/wiki/Macedonia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="Macedonia (country)">Macedonia</A> and <A href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</A> to the west, and <A href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</A> to the north. The land borders have a total length of 1,808 kilometres (1,123 mi), and the coastline has a length of 354 kilometres (220 mi).<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20064_107-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20064-107">[104]</A></SUP> Its total area of 110,994 square kilometres (42,855 sq mi) ranks it as the world's 105th-largest country.<SUP id="cite_ref-Penin_4-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Penin-4">[1]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-108">[105]</A></SUP> Bulgaria's geographic coordinates are <A href="/wiki/43rd_parallel_north" title="43rd parallel north">43° N</A> <A href="/wiki/25th_meridian_east" title="25th meridian east">25° E</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_109-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook-109">[106]</A></SUP>
</P><P>The most notable <A href="/wiki/Topographical" class="mw-redirect" title="Topographical">topographical</A> features are the <A href="/wiki/Danubian_Plain_(Bulgaria)" title="Danubian Plain (Bulgaria)">Danubian Plain</A>, the <A href="/wiki/Balkan_Mountains" title="Balkan Mountains">Balkan Mountains</A>, the <A href="/wiki/Thracian_Plain" class="mw-redirect" title="Thracian Plain">Thracian Plain</A>, and the <A href="/wiki/Rhodope_Mountains" title="Rhodope Mountains">Rhodope Mountains</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20064_107-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20064-107">[104]</A></SUP> The southern edge of the Danubian Plain slopes upward into the foothills of the Balkans, while the <A href="/wiki/Danube" title="Danube">Danube</A> defines the border with Romania. The <A href="/wiki/Thracia" title="Thracia">Thracian</A> Plain is roughly triangular, beginning southeast of <A href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</A> and broadening as it reaches the <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Black_Sea_Coast" title="Bulgarian Black Sea Coast">Black Sea coast</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20064_107-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20064-107">[104]</A></SUP>
</P>
<DIV class="thumb tleft"><DIV class="thumbinner noresize" style=""><DIV class="thumbimage" style=""><A href="/wiki/File:Pirin-mountains-Bansko.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="A view of snowy Pirin Mountain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Pirin-mountains-Bansko.jpg/203px-Pirin-mountains-Bansko.jpg" width="203" height="135" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Pirin-mountains-Bansko.jpg/305px-Pirin-mountains-Bansko.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Pirin-mountains-Bansko.jpg/405px-Pirin-mountains-Bansko.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></A> <A href="/wiki/File:Oilcape.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="A view of Maslen nos, a cape on the Black Sea coast" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Oilcape.jpg/203px-Oilcape.jpg" width="203" height="135" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Oilcape.jpg/305px-Oilcape.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Oilcape.jpg/405px-Oilcape.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="667" /></A></DIV><DIV class="thumbcaption">Left: <A href="/wiki/Pirin" title="Pirin">Pirin</A> Mountain in western Bulgaria<BR />Right: <I>Maslen nos</I> on the Black Sea coast</DIV></DIV></DIV>
<P>The Balkan mountains run laterally through the middle of the country. The mountainous southwest has two distinct alpine ranges—<A href="/wiki/Rila" title="Rila">Rila</A> and <A href="/wiki/Pirin" title="Pirin">Pirin</A>, which border the lower but more extensive <A href="/wiki/Rhodope_Mountains" title="Rhodope Mountains">Rhodope Mountains</A> to the east.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20064_107-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20064-107">[104]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Musala" title="Musala">Musala</A> peak, at 2,925 metres (9,596 ft), is the highest point in both Bulgaria and the Balkan peninsula, and the Black Sea coast is the country's lowest point.<SUP id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_109-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook-109">[106]</A></SUP> Plains occupy about one-third of the territory, while plateaus and hills occupy 41 per cent.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETopography_110-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETopography-110">[107]</A></SUP> The country has a dense network of about 540 rivers, most of which are relatively small and with low water levels.<SUP id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-111">[108]</A></SUP> The longest river located solely in Bulgarian territory, the <A href="/wiki/Iskar_(river)" title="Iskar (river)">Iskar</A>, has a length of 368 kilometres (229 mi). Other major rivers include the <A href="/wiki/Struma_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Struma River">Struma</A> and the <A href="/wiki/Maritsa" title="Maritsa">Maritsa</A> in the south.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20064_107-4" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20064-107">[104]</A></SUP>
</P><P>Bulgaria has a dynamic climate, which results from its being positioned at the meeting point of <A href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean</A> and continental air masses and the barrier effect of its mountains.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20064_107-5" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20064-107">[104]</A></SUP> Northern Bulgaria averages 1 °C (1.8 °F) cooler and registers 200 millimetres (7.9 in) more precipitation annually than the regions south of the Balkan mountains. Temperature amplitudes vary significantly in different areas. The lowest recorded temperature is −38.3 °C (−36.9 °F), while the highest is 45.2 °C (113.4 °F).<SUP id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-112">[109]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Precipitation_(meteorology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Precipitation (meteorology)">Precipitation</A> averages about 630 millimetres (24.8 in) per year, and varies from 500 millimetres (19.7 in) in <A href="/wiki/Dobrudja" class="mw-redirect" title="Dobrudja">Dobrudja</A> to more than 2,500 millimetres (98.4 in) in the mountains. Continental air masses bring significant amounts of snowfall during winter.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClimate_113-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClimate-113">[110]</A></SUP>
</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Biodiversity_and_environment">Biodiversity and environment</SPAN></H3>
<DIV class="thumb tright"><DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Lacerta_viridis_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="A Lacerta viridis, or European green lizard, atop a tree stump in the Ropotamo reserve" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Lacerta_viridis_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80.jpg/220px-Lacerta_viridis_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80.jpg" width="220" height="147" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Lacerta_viridis_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80.jpg/330px-Lacerta_viridis_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Lacerta_viridis_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80.jpg/440px-Lacerta_viridis_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2400" /></A>  <DIV class="thumbcaption"><DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Lacerta_viridis_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV><I><A href="/wiki/Lacerta_viridis" class="mw-redirect" title="Lacerta viridis">Lacerta viridis</A></I> in <A href="/wiki/Ropotamo" title="Ropotamo">Ropotamo</A>, one of Bulgaria's 16 biosphere reserves</DIV></DIV></DIV>
<P>The interaction of climatic, hydrological, geological and topographical conditions have produced a relatively wide variety of plant and animal species.<SUP id="cite_ref-biodiversity_114-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-biodiversity-114">[111]</A></SUP>
Bulgaria's <A href="/wiki/Biodiversity" title="Biodiversity">biodiversity</A>, one of the richest in Europe,<SUP id="cite_ref-diversity_of_flora_and_fauna_115-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-diversity_of_flora_and_fauna-115">[112]</A></SUP>
<A href="/wiki/List_of_protected_areas_of_Bulgaria" title="List of protected areas of Bulgaria">is conserved</A> in three national parks, 11 nature parks, 16 <A href="/wiki/Biosphere_reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="Biosphere reserve">biosphere reserves</A> and 565 protected areas.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Brochure201829_116-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Brochure201829-116">[113]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-117">[114]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-118">[115]</A></SUP> More than 35 per cent of its land area is covered by forests,<SUP id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-119">[116]</A></SUP> where some of the oldest trees in the world, such as <A href="/wiki/Baikushev%27s_pine" title="Baikushev's pine">Baikushev's pine</A> and the <A href="/wiki/Granit_oak" title="Granit oak">Granit oak</A>,<SUP id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-120">[117]</A></SUP> grow. Most of the plant and animal life is central European, although representatives of Arctic and alpine species are present at high altitudes.<SUP id="cite_ref-EB_Bio_121-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-EB_Bio-121">[118]</A></SUP> Flora includes more than 3,800 <A href="/wiki/Vascular_plant" title="Vascular plant">vascular plant</A> species of which 170 are <A href="/wiki/Endemism" title="Endemism">endemic</A> and 150 are considered endangered.<SUP id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-122">[119]</A></SUP> A checklist of larger <A href="/wiki/Fungi" class="mw-redirect" title="Fungi">fungi</A> of Bulgaria reported that more than 1,500 species occur in the country.<SUP id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-123">[120]</A></SUP> Fauna is primarily represented by <A href="/wiki/Owl" title="Owl">owls</A>, <A href="/wiki/Rock_partridge" title="Rock partridge">rock partridges</A>, <A href="/wiki/Wallcreeper" title="Wallcreeper">wallcreepers</A>,<SUP id="cite_ref-EB_Bio_121-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-EB_Bio-121">[118]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Red_deer" title="Red deer">red deer</A>, <A href="/wiki/Pheasant" title="Pheasant">pheasants</A> and <A href="/wiki/Jackal" title="Jackal">jackals</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Brochure20183_124-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Brochure20183-124">[121]</A></SUP>
</P><P>In 1998, the Bulgarian government approved the National Biological Diversity Conservation Strategy, a comprehensive programme seeking the preservation of local ecosystems, protection of endangered species and conservation of genetic resources.<SUP id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-125">[122]</A></SUP> Bulgaria has some of the largest <A href="/wiki/Natura_2000" title="Natura 2000">Natura 2000</A> areas in Europe covering 33.8 per cent of its territory.<SUP id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-126">[123]</A></SUP> It also adopted the <A href="/wiki/Kyoto_Protocol" title="Kyoto Protocol">Kyoto Protocol</A> and achieved its objective of reducing <A href="/wiki/Carbon_dioxide_emissions" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbon dioxide emissions">carbon dioxide emissions</A> by 30 per cent from 1990 to 2009.<SUP id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-127">[124]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-128">[125]</A></SUP>
</P><P>However, pollution from factories and metallurgy works and severe <A href="/wiki/Deforestation" title="Deforestation">deforestation</A> continue to cause major problems to the health and welfare of the population.<SUP id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-129">[126]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Particulates" title="Particulates">Particulate matter</A> levels are the highest in Europe,<SUP id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-130">[127]</A></SUP> especially in urban areas affected by automobile traffic and coal-based power stations.<SUP id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-131">[128]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-132">[129]</A></SUP> One of these, the <A href="/wiki/Lignite" title="Lignite">lignite</A>-fired <A href="/wiki/Maritsa_Iztok_Complex" title="Maritsa Iztok Complex">Maritsa Iztok-2</A> station, is causing the highest damage costs to <A href="/wiki/Health" title="Health">health</A> and the <A href="/wiki/Environmental_degradation" title="Environmental degradation">environment</A> in the entire European Union.<SUP id="cite_ref-EEA_133-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-EEA-133">[130]</A></SUP> Pesticide usage in the agriculture and antiquated industrial sewage systems produce extensive soil and water pollution with chemicals and <A href="/wiki/Detergents" class="mw-redirect" title="Detergents">detergents</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-ESI_134-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ESI-134">[131]</A></SUP> Over 75 per cent of surface rivers meet the standards for good quality. An improvement of water quality began in 1998 and has maintained a sustainable trend of moderate improvement.<SUP id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-135">[132]</A></SUP> According to Yale University's 2012 <A href="/wiki/Environmental_Performance_Index" title="Environmental Performance Index">Environmental Performance Index</A>, Bulgaria is a "modest performer" in protecting the environment.<SUP id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-136">[133]</A></SUP>
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<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Politics">Politics</SPAN></H2>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Politics_of_Bulgaria" title="Politics of Bulgaria">Politics of Bulgaria</A></DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tleft"><DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:National_Assembly_of_Bulgaria.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="The National Assembly building in Sofia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/National_Assembly_of_Bulgaria.jpg/220px-National_Assembly_of_Bulgaria.jpg" width="220" height="107" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/National_Assembly_of_Bulgaria.jpg/330px-National_Assembly_of_Bulgaria.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/National_Assembly_of_Bulgaria.jpg/440px-National_Assembly_of_Bulgaria.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3298" data-file-height="1600" /></A>  <DIV class="thumbcaption"><DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:National_Assembly_of_Bulgaria.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>The National Assembly in <A href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</A></DIV></DIV></DIV>
<P>Bulgaria is a <A href="/wiki/Parliamentary_democracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary democracy">parliamentary democracy</A> where the <A href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bulgaria" title="Prime Minister of Bulgaria">prime minister</A> is the most powerful executive position.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200616_102-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200616-102">[99]</A></SUP> The political system has three branches—legislative, executive and judicial, with <A href="/wiki/Universal_suffrage" title="Universal suffrage">universal suffrage</A> for <A href="/wiki/Citizen" class="mw-redirect" title="Citizen">citizens</A> at least 18 years old. The <A href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Bulgaria" title="Constitution of Bulgaria">Constitution of Bulgaria</A> also provides possibilities of direct democracy, namely petitions and national <A href="/wiki/Referendum" title="Referendum">referenda</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-DD-Navi_137-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-DD-Navi-137">[134]</A></SUP> Elections are supervised by an independent Central Election Commission that includes members from all major political parties. Parties must register with the commission prior to participating in a national election.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200617_138-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200617-138">[135]</A></SUP> Normally, the prime minister–elect is the leader of the party receiving the most votes in parliamentary elections, although this is not always the case.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200616_102-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200616-102">[99]</A></SUP>
</P><P>Political parties gather in the <A href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Bulgaria)" title="National Assembly (Bulgaria)">National Assembly</A>, a body of 240 deputies elected to four-year terms by direct popular vote. The National Assembly has the power to enact laws, approve the budget, schedule presidential elections, select and dismiss the prime minister and other ministers, declare war, deploy troops abroad, and ratify international treaties and agreements. The <A href="/wiki/President_of_Bulgaria" title="President of Bulgaria">president</A> serves as the <A href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">head of state</A> and <A href="/wiki/Commander-in-chief" title="Commander-in-chief">commander-in-chief</A> of the armed forces, and has the authority to return a bill for further debate, although the parliament can override the <A href="/wiki/Presidential_veto" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidential veto">presidential veto</A> by a simple majority vote of all members of parliament.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200616_102-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200616-102">[99]</A></SUP> Overall, Bulgaria displays a pattern of unstable governments.<SUP id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-139">[136]</A></SUP>
</P>
<STYLE data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r854463611">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti>.thumbinner{width:100%!important;max-width:none!important}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:none!important;width:100%!important;text-align:center}}</STYLE>
<DIV class="thumb tmulti tright"><DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:286px;max-width:286px"><DIV class="tsingle" style="float:left;margin:1px;width:152px;max-width:152px"><DIV class="thumbimage"><A href="/wiki/File:Rumen_Radev.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="Portrait of president Rumen Radev" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Rumen_Radev.jpg/150px-Rumen_Radev.jpg" width="150" height="167" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Rumen_Radev.jpg/225px-Rumen_Radev.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Rumen_Radev.jpg/300px-Rumen_Radev.jpg 2x" data-file-width="872" data-file-height="969" /></A></DIV><DIV class="thumbcaption" style="clear:left;text-align:center"><A href="/wiki/Rumen_Radev" title="Rumen Radev">Rumen Radev</A><BR /><SMALL><A href="/wiki/President_of_Bulgaria" title="President of Bulgaria">President of Bulgaria</A></SMALL></DIV></DIV><DIV class="tsingle" style="float:left;margin:1px;width:130px;max-width:130px"><DIV class="thumbimage"><A href="/wiki/File:Boyko_Borissov_2017-11-03.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="Portrait of premier Boyko Borisov" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Boyko_Borissov_2017-11-03.jpg/128px-Boyko_Borissov_2017-11-03.jpg" width="128" height="168" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Boyko_Borissov_2017-11-03.jpg/192px-Boyko_Borissov_2017-11-03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Boyko_Borissov_2017-11-03.jpg/256px-Boyko_Borissov_2017-11-03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="639" data-file-height="839" /></A></DIV><DIV class="thumbcaption" style="clear:left;text-align:center"><A href="/wiki/Boyko_Borisov" title="Boyko Borisov">Boyko Borisov</A><BR /><SMALL> <A href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bulgaria" title="Prime Minister of Bulgaria">Prime Minister of Bulgaria</A></SMALL></DIV></DIV><DIV style="clear:left"></DIV></DIV></DIV>
<P><A href="/wiki/Boyko_Borisov" title="Boyko Borisov">Boyko Borisov</A> is serving his third term as prime minister since 2009,<SUP id="cite_ref-WP1_140-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-WP1-140">[137]</A></SUP> when his centre-right, pro-EU party <A href="/wiki/GERB" title="GERB">GERB</A> won <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_parliamentary_election,_2009" title="Bulgarian parliamentary election, 2009">the general election</A> and ruled as a <A href="/wiki/Minority_government" title="Minority government">minority government</A> with 117 seats in the National Assembly.<SUP id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-141">[138]</A></SUP> However, his first government resigned on 20 February 2013 after <A href="/wiki/Protests_against_the_Borisov_cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Protests against the Borisov cabinet">nationwide protests</A> caused by high costs of utilities, low living standards, corruption<SUP id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-142">[139]</A></SUP> and the failure of the democratic system.<SUP id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-143">[140]</A></SUP> The protest wave was notable for self-immolations, spontaneous demonstrations and a strong sentiment against political parties.<SUP id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-144">[141]</A></SUP>
</P><P>The subsequent <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_parliamentary_election,_2013" title="Bulgarian parliamentary election, 2013">snap elections in May</A> resulted in a narrow win for <A href="/wiki/GERB" title="GERB">GERB</A>,<SUP id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-145">[142]</A></SUP> but the <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Socialist_Party" title="Bulgarian Socialist Party">Bulgarian Socialist Party</A> eventually formed a government led by <A href="/wiki/Plamen_Oresharski" title="Plamen Oresharski">Plamen Oresharski</A> after Borisov failed to secure parliamentary support.<SUP id="cite_ref-form_146-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-form-146">[143]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-147">[144]</A></SUP> The Oresharski government resigned in July 2014 amid continuing <A href="/wiki/2013%E2%80%9314_Bulgarian_protests_against_the_Oresharski_cabinet" title="2013–14 Bulgarian protests against the Oresharski cabinet">large-scale protests</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-148">[145]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-149">[146]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-150">[147]</A></SUP> A caretaker government took over<SUP id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-151">[148]</A></SUP> and called the <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_parliamentary_election,_2014" title="Bulgarian parliamentary election, 2014">October 2014 elections</A><SUP id="cite_ref-Sofia_News_Agency_152-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Sofia_News_Agency-152">[149]</A></SUP> which resulted in a third GERB victory, but a total of eight parties entered parliament.<SUP id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-153">[150]</A></SUP> Borisov's party <A href="/wiki/Second_Borisov_Government" title="Second Borisov Government">formed a coalition</A><SUP id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-154">[151]</A></SUP> with several right-wing parties. Borisov resigned again after the candidate backed by his party failed to win the <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_presidential_election,_2016" title="Bulgarian presidential election, 2016">2016 Presidential election</A>. The <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_parliamentary_election,_2017" title="Bulgarian parliamentary election, 2017">March 2017 snap election</A> was again won by GERB, but with 95 seats in Parliament. They formed a coalition with the far-right <A href="/wiki/United_Patriots" title="United Patriots">United Patriots</A>, who hold 27 seats.<SUP id="cite_ref-WP1_140-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-WP1-140">[137]</A></SUP>
</P><P><A href="/wiki/Freedom_House" title="Freedom House">Freedom House</A> has reported a continuing deterioration of democratic governance after 2009, citing reduced media independence, stalled reforms, abuse of authority at the highest level and increased dependence of local administrations on the central government.<SUP id="cite_ref-FH_155-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FH-155">[152]</A></SUP> Bulgaria is still <A href="/wiki/Freedom_in_the_World" title="Freedom in the World">listed as "Free"</A>, with a political system designated as a semi-consolidated democracy, albeit with deteriorating scores.<SUP id="cite_ref-FH_155-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FH-155">[152]</A></SUP> The <A href="/wiki/Democracy_Index" title="Democracy Index">Democracy Index</A> defines it as a "Flawed democracy".<SUP id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-156">[153]</A></SUP>
</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Legal_system">Legal system</SPAN></H3>
<P>Bulgaria has a typical <A href="/wiki/Civil_law_(legal_system)" title="Civil law (legal system)">civil law</A> legal system.<SUP id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-157">[154]</A></SUP> The judiciary is overseen by the Ministry of Justice. The Supreme Administrative Court and the Supreme Court of Cassation are the highest courts of appeal and oversee the application of laws in subordinate courts.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200617_138-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200617-138">[135]</A></SUP> The Supreme Judicial Council manages the system and appoints judges. The legal system is one of Europe's most inefficient, and the lack of transparency and corruption are pervasive.<SUP id="cite_ref-SG1_158-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-SG1-158">[155]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-159">[156]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-160">[157]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-161">[158]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-162">[159]</A></SUP>
</P><P>Law enforcement is carried out by organisations mainly subordinate to the <A href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Interior_(Bulgaria)" title="Ministry of Interior (Bulgaria)">Ministry of the Interior</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-163">[160]</A></SUP> The <A href="/wiki/National_Police_Service_(Bulgaria)" title="National Police Service (Bulgaria)">General Directorate of National Police</A> (GDNP) combats general crime and maintains public order.<SUP id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-164">[161]</A></SUP> GDNP fields 26,578 police officers in its local and national sections.<SUP id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-165">[162]</A></SUP> The bulk of criminal cases are transport-related, followed by <A href="/wiki/Theft" title="Theft">theft</A> and drug-related crime; <A href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_intentional_homicide_rate" title="List of countries by intentional homicide rate">homicide rates are low</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Brochure201827_166-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Brochure201827-166">[163]</A></SUP> The Ministry of the Interior also heads the Border Police Service and the <A href="/wiki/Gendarmerie_(Bulgaria)" title="Gendarmerie (Bulgaria)">National Gendarmerie</A>—a specialised branch for anti-terrorist activity, crisis management and riot control. Counterintelligence and national security are the responsibility of the State Agency for National Security, established in 2008.<SUP id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-167">[164]</A></SUP>
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<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <A href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Bulgaria" title="Provinces of Bulgaria">Provinces of Bulgaria</A> and <A href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Bulgaria" title="Municipalities of Bulgaria">Municipalities of Bulgaria</A></DIV>
<P>Bulgaria is a <A href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">unitary state</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-168">[165]</A></SUP> Since the 1880s, the number of territorial management units has varied from seven to 26.<SUP id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-169">[166]</A></SUP> Between 1987 and 1999 the administrative structure consisted of nine provinces (<I>oblasti</I>, singular <I><A href="/wiki/Oblast" title="Oblast">oblast</A></I>). A new administrative structure was adopted in parallel with the decentralisation of the economic system.<SUP id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-170">[167]</A></SUP> It includes 27 provinces and a metropolitan capital province (Sofia-Grad). All areas take their names from their respective capital cities. The provinces subdivide into 264 <A href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Bulgaria" title="Municipalities of Bulgaria">municipalities</A>.
</P><P>Municipalities are run by mayors, who are elected to four-year terms, and by directly elected municipal councils. Bulgaria is a highly <A href="/wiki/Centralization" class="mw-redirect" title="Centralization">centralised</A> state where the <A href="/wiki/Government_of_Bulgaria" title="Government of Bulgaria">Council of Ministers</A> directly appoints regional governors and all provinces and municipalities are heavily dependent on it for funding.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200617_138-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200617-138">[135]</A></SUP>
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<TBODY><TR>
<TD><DIV class="floatright"><A href="/wiki/File:Bulgaria_Aministrative_Provinces_numbered.png" class="image"><IMG alt="Bulgaria Aministrative Provinces numbered.png" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Bulgaria_Aministrative_Provinces_numbered.png/300px-Bulgaria_Aministrative_Provinces_numbered.png" width="300" height="198" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Bulgaria_Aministrative_Provinces_numbered.png/450px-Bulgaria_Aministrative_Provinces_numbered.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Bulgaria_Aministrative_Provinces_numbered.png 2x" data-file-width="548" data-file-height="361" /></A></DIV>
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<TABLE class="multicol" role="presentation" style="border-collapse: collapse; padding: 0; border: 0; background:transparent; width:auto;"><TBODY><TR>
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<DIV><OL start="1"><LI><A href="/wiki/Blagoevgrad_Province" title="Blagoevgrad Province">Blagoevgrad</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Burgas_Province" title="Burgas Province">Burgas</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Dobrich_Province" title="Dobrich Province">Dobrich</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Gabrovo_Province" title="Gabrovo Province">Gabrovo</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Haskovo_Province" title="Haskovo Province">Haskovo</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Kardzhali_Province" title="Kardzhali Province">Kardzhali</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Kyustendil_Province" title="Kyustendil Province">Kyustendil</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Lovech_Province" title="Lovech Province">Lovech</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Montana_Province" title="Montana Province">Montana</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Pazardzhik_Province" title="Pazardzhik Province">Pazardzhik</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Pernik_Province" title="Pernik Province">Pernik</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Pleven_Province" title="Pleven Province">Pleven</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Plovdiv_Province" title="Plovdiv Province">Plovdiv</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Razgrad_Province" title="Razgrad Province">Razgrad</A></LI></OL></DIV>
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<DIV><OL start="15"><LI><A href="/wiki/Ruse_Province" title="Ruse Province">Ruse</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Shumen_Province" title="Shumen Province">Shumen</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Silistra_Province" title="Silistra Province">Silistra</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Sliven_Province" title="Sliven Province">Sliven</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Smolyan_Province" title="Smolyan Province">Smolyan</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Sofia_Province" title="Sofia Province">Sofia Province</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Stara_Zagora_Province" title="Stara Zagora Province">Stara Zagora</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Targovishte_Province" title="Targovishte Province">Targovishte</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Varna_Province" title="Varna Province">Varna</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Veliko_Tarnovo_Province" title="Veliko Tarnovo Province">Veliko Tarnovo</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Vidin_Province" title="Vidin Province">Vidin</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Vratsa_Province" title="Vratsa Province">Vratsa</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Yambol_Province" title="Yambol Province">Yambol</A></LI></OL></DIV>
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<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Foreign_relations_and_security">Foreign relations and security</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <A href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Bulgaria" title="Foreign relations of Bulgaria">Foreign relations of Bulgaria</A> and <A href="/wiki/Military_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Bulgaria">Military of Bulgaria</A></DIV>
<P>Bulgaria became a member of the <A href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</A> in 1955 and since 1966 has been a non-permanent member of the <A href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">Security Council</A> three times, most recently from 2002 to 2003.<SUP id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-171">[168]</A></SUP> It was also among the founding nations of the <A href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe" title="Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe">Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe</A> (OSCE) in 1975. Euro-Atlantic integration has been a priority since the fall of Communism, although the Communist leadership also had aspirations of leaving the Warsaw Pact and joining the <A href="/wiki/European_Communities" title="European Communities">European Communities</A> by 1987.<SUP id="cite_ref-172" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-172">[169]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-173">[170]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-174" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-174">[171]</A></SUP> Bulgaria signed the European Union <A href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_2005" title="Treaty of Accession 2005">Treaty of Accession</A> on 25 April 2005,<SUP id="cite_ref-ec_175-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ec-175">[172]</A></SUP> and became a full member of the European Union on 1 January 2007.<SUP id="cite_ref-VOA_105-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-VOA-105">[102]</A></SUP> In addition, it has a tripartite economic and diplomatic collaboration with Romania and Greece,<SUP id="cite_ref-176" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-176">[173]</A></SUP> good ties with <A href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</A><SUP id="cite_ref-177" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-177">[174]</A></SUP> and <A href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</A><SUP id="cite_ref-178" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-178">[175]</A></SUP> and a historical relationship with <A href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-179" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-179">[176]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-180" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-180">[177]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-181" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-181">[178]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-182" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-182">[179]</A></SUP>
</P>
<DIV class="thumb tleft"><DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:BAF_MiG-29s_in_flight_Garchev.png" class="image"><IMG alt="Bulgarian MiG-29 fighters in flight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/BAF_MiG-29s_in_flight_Garchev.png/220px-BAF_MiG-29s_in_flight_Garchev.png" width="220" height="146" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/BAF_MiG-29s_in_flight_Garchev.png/330px-BAF_MiG-29s_in_flight_Garchev.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/BAF_MiG-29s_in_flight_Garchev.png/440px-BAF_MiG-29s_in_flight_Garchev.png 2x" data-file-width="1149" data-file-height="760" /></A>  <DIV class="thumbcaption"><DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:BAF_MiG-29s_in_flight_Garchev.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV><A href="/wiki/Mikoyan_MiG-29" title="Mikoyan MiG-29">Mikoyan MiG-29</A> jet fighters of the <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Air_Force" title="Bulgarian Air Force">Bulgarian Air Force</A></DIV></DIV></DIV>
<P>Bulgaria deployed significant numbers of both civilian and military advisors in Soviet-allied countries like <A href="/wiki/Nicaraguan_Revolution" title="Nicaraguan Revolution">Nicaragua</A><SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArms_Sales_183-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEArms_Sales-183">[180]</A></SUP> and <A href="/wiki/Great_Socialist_People%27s_Libyan_Arab_Jamahiriya" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya">Libya</A> during the <A href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEForeign_Affairs_in_the_1960s_and_1970s_184-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEForeign_Affairs_in_the_1960s_and_1970s-184">[181]</A></SUP> The first deployment of foreign troops on Bulgarian soil since World War II occurred in 2001, when the country hosted six <A href="/wiki/KC-135_Stratotanker" class="mw-redirect" title="KC-135 Stratotanker">KC-135 Stratotanker</A> aircraft and 200 support personnel for the war effort in Afghanistan.<SUP id="cite_ref-CENTCOM_24-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-CENTCOM-24">[21]</A></SUP> International military relations were further expanded with accession to <A href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</A> in March 2004<SUP id="cite_ref-nato_104-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-nato-104">[101]</A></SUP> and the US-Bulgarian Defence Cooperation Agreement signed in April 2006. <A href="/wiki/Bezmer_Air_Base" title="Bezmer Air Base">Bezmer</A> and <A href="/wiki/Graf_Ignatievo_Air_Base" title="Graf Ignatievo Air Base">Graf Ignatievo</A> air bases, the <A href="/wiki/Novo_Selo_Range" title="Novo Selo Range">Novo Selo</A> training range, and a logistics centre in <A href="/wiki/Aytos_Logistics_Center" title="Aytos Logistics Center">Aytos</A> subsequently became <A href="/wiki/List_of_joint_US-Bulgarian_military_bases" class="mw-redirect" title="List of joint US-Bulgarian military bases">joint military training facilities</A> cooperatively used by the United States and Bulgarian militaries.<SUP id="cite_ref-State_185-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-State-185">[182]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-186" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-186">[183]</A></SUP>
</P><P>Domestic defence is the responsibility of the all-<A href="/wiki/Volunteer_military" title="Volunteer military">volunteer</A> <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_army" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulgarian army">Bulgarian army</A>, branched into <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_land_forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulgarian land forces">land forces</A>, <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Navy" title="Bulgarian Navy">navy</A> and an <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Air_Force" title="Bulgarian Air Force">air force</A>. The land forces consist of two mechanised brigades and eight independent regiments and battalions; the air force operates 106 aircraft and air defence systems in six air bases, and the navy operates various ships, helicopters and coastal defence weapons.<SUP id="cite_ref-AF_plan_187-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-AF_plan-187">[184]</A></SUP> Active troops dwindled from 152,000 in 1988<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMilitary_Personnel_188-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMilitary_Personnel-188">[185]</A></SUP> to 31,300 in 2017, supplemented by 3,000 reservists and 16,000 paramilitary.<SUP id="cite_ref-189" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-189">[186]</A></SUP> The inventory consists mostly of Soviet equipment like <A href="/wiki/Mikoyan_MiG-29" title="Mikoyan MiG-29">Mikoyan MiG-29</A> and <A href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-25" title="Sukhoi Su-25">Sukhoi Su-25</A> jets,<SUP id="cite_ref-190" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-190">[187]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/S-300_missile_system" title="S-300 missile system">S-300PT</A> air defence systems<SUP id="cite_ref-191" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-191">[188]</A></SUP> and <A href="/wiki/SS-21_Scarab" class="mw-redirect" title="SS-21 Scarab">SS-21 Scarab</A> short-range <A href="/wiki/Ballistic_missile" title="Ballistic missile">ballistic missiles</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-192" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-192">[189]</A></SUP>
</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Economy">Economy</SPAN></H2>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bulgaria" title="Economy of Bulgaria">Economy of Bulgaria</A></DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tright"><DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:327px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Economic_Growth_in_Bulgaria.gif" class="image"><IMG alt="Graph showing GDP and unemployment" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Economic_Growth_in_Bulgaria.gif/325px-Economic_Growth_in_Bulgaria.gif" width="325" height="134" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Economic_Growth_in_Bulgaria.gif/488px-Economic_Growth_in_Bulgaria.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Economic_Growth_in_Bulgaria.gif/650px-Economic_Growth_in_Bulgaria.gif 2x" data-file-width="806" data-file-height="332" /></A>  <DIV class="thumbcaption"><DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Economic_Growth_in_Bulgaria.gif" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>Economic growth (green) and unemployment (blue) statistics since 2001</DIV></DIV></DIV>
<P>Bulgaria has an open, <A href="/wiki/Developing_country" title="Developing country">upper middle income</A> range <A href="/wiki/Market_economy" title="Market economy">market economy</A> where the private sector accounts for more than 70% of GDP.<SUP id="cite_ref-193" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-193">[190]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-194" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-194">[191]</A></SUP> From a largely agricultural country with a predominantly rural population in 1948, by the 1980s Bulgaria had transformed into an industrial economy with scientific and technological research at the top of its budgetary expenditure priorities.<SUP id="cite_ref-195" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-195">[192]</A></SUP> The loss of <A href="/wiki/COMECON" class="mw-redirect" title="COMECON">COMECON</A> markets in 1990 and the subsequent "<A href="/wiki/Shock_therapy_(economics)" title="Shock therapy (economics)">shock therapy</A>" of the planned system caused a steep decline in industrial and agricultural production, ultimately followed by an economic collapse in 1997.<SUP id="cite_ref-Economies_196-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Economies-196">[193]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-197" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-197">[194]</A></SUP> The economy largely recovered during a period of rapid growth several years later,<SUP id="cite_ref-Economies_196-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Economies-196">[193]</A></SUP> but the average salary of 1,036 leva (€529) per month remains the lowest in the EU.<SUP id="cite_ref-198" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-198">[195]</A></SUP> More than a fifth of the labour force are employed on a <A href="/wiki/Minimum_wage" title="Minimum wage">minimum wage</A> of €1 per hour.<SUP id="cite_ref-199" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-199">[196]</A></SUP>
</P><P>A <A href="/wiki/Balanced_budget" title="Balanced budget">balanced budget</A> was achieved in 2003 and the country began running a <A href="/wiki/Budget_surplus" class="mw-redirect" title="Budget surplus">surplus</A> the following year.<SUP id="cite_ref-OECD1_200-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-OECD1-200">[197]</A></SUP> Expenditures amounted to $21.15 billion and revenues were $21.67 billion in 2017.<SUP id="cite_ref-201" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-201">[198]</A></SUP> Most government spending on institutions is earmarked for security. The ministries of defence, the interior and justice are allocated the largest share of the annual government budget, whereas those responsible for the environment, tourism and energy receive the least amount of funding.<SUP id="cite_ref-2018budget_202-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-2018budget-202">[199]</A></SUP> Taxes form the bulk of government revenue<SUP id="cite_ref-2018budget_202-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-2018budget-202">[199]</A></SUP> at 30 per cent of GDP.<SUP id="cite_ref-203" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-203">[200]</A></SUP> Bulgaria has some of the lowest corporate income <A href="/wiki/Tax_rates_in_Europe" title="Tax rates in Europe">tax rates in the EU</A> at a flat 10 per cent rate.<SUP id="cite_ref-204" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-204">[201]</A></SUP> The tax system is two-tier. <A href="/wiki/Value_added_tax" class="mw-redirect" title="Value added tax">Value added tax</A>, <A href="/wiki/Excise_duties" class="mw-redirect" title="Excise duties">excise duties</A>, corporate and personal income tax are national, whereas real estate, inheritance, and vehicle taxes are defined by local authorities.<SUP id="cite_ref-205" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-205">[202]</A></SUP> Bulgaria also has the third-lowest <A href="/wiki/Public_debt" class="mw-redirect" title="Public debt">public debt</A> in the Union at 28.7 per cent of GDP in 2016.<SUP id="cite_ref-206" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-206">[203]</A></SUP> Strong economic performance in the early 2000s reduced government debt from 79.6 per cent in 1998 to 14.1 per cent in 2008.<SUP id="cite_ref-OECD1_200-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-OECD1-200">[197]</A></SUP>
</P><P>The <A href="/wiki/Yugozapaden" class="mw-redirect" title="Yugozapaden">Yugozapaden</A> <A href="/wiki/First-level_NUTS_of_the_European_Union" title="First-level NUTS of the European Union">planning area</A> is the most developed region with a <A href="/wiki/Per_capita" title="Per capita">per capita</A> gross domestic product (<A href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">PPP</A>) of $26,580 in 2016.<SUP id="cite_ref-207" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-207">[204]</A></SUP> It includes the capital city and the surrounding <A href="/wiki/Sofia_Province" title="Sofia Province">Sofia Province</A>, which alone generate 42 per cent of national gross domestic product.<SUP id="cite_ref-208" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-208">[205]</A></SUP> PPP <A href="/wiki/GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="GDP">GDP</A> per capita and the cost of living in 2017 stood at 49 and 48.4 per cent of the EU average, respectively.<SUP id="cite_ref-209" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-209">[206]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-210" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-210">[207]</A></SUP> National PPP GDP was estimated at $143.1 billion in 2016, with a per capita value of $20,116.<SUP id="cite_ref-imf2_211-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-imf2-211">[208]</A></SUP> Economic growth statistics take into account illegal transactions from the <A href="/wiki/Informal_economy" class="mw-redirect" title="Informal economy">informal economy</A>, which is the largest in the EU as a percentage of economic output.<SUP id="cite_ref-212" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-212">[209]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-213" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-213">[210]</A></SUP> The <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_National_Bank" title="Bulgarian National Bank">Bulgarian National Bank</A> issues the national currency, <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_lev" title="Bulgarian lev">lev</A>, which is pegged to the euro at a rate of 1.95583 levа per euro.<SUP id="cite_ref-214" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-214">[211]</A></SUP>
</P><P>After several consecutive years of high growth, repercussions of the <A href="/wiki/Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%932008" title="Financial crisis of 2007–2008">financial crisis of 2007–2008</A> resulted in a 3.6 per cent contraction of GDP in 2009 and increased unemployment.<SUP id="cite_ref-215" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-215">[212]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-216" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-216">[213]</A></SUP> Industrial output declined 10 per cent, mining by 31 per cent, and ferrous and metal production marked a 60 per cent drop.<SUP id="cite_ref-217" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-217">[214]</A></SUP> Positive growth was restored in 2010 but intercompany debt exceeded €51 billion, meaning that 60 per cent of all Bulgarian companies were mutually indebted.<SUP id="cite_ref-218" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-218">[215]</A></SUP> By 2012, it had increased to €83 billion, or 227 per cent of GDP.<SUP id="cite_ref-219" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-219">[216]</A></SUP> The government implemented strict austerity measures with IMF and EU encouragement to some positive fiscal results, but the social consequences of these measures have been "catastrophic" according to the <A href="/wiki/International_Trade_Union_Confederation" title="International Trade Union Confederation">International Trade Union Confederation</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-220" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-220">[217]</A></SUP>
</P><P>Siphoning of public funds to the families and relatives of politicians from incumbent parties has also resulted in fiscal and welfare losses to society.<SUP id="cite_ref-221" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-221">[218]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-222" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-222">[219]</A></SUP> Bulgaria ranks 71st in the <A href="/wiki/Corruption_Perceptions_Index" title="Corruption Perceptions Index">Corruption Perceptions Index</A><SUP id="cite_ref-223" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-223">[220]</A></SUP> and experiences the worst levels of <A href="/wiki/Corruption" title="Corruption">corruption</A> in the European Union, a phenomenon that remains a source of profound public discontent.<SUP id="cite_ref-cloud_224-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-cloud-224">[221]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-225" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-225">[222]</A></SUP> Along with organised crime, corruption has led to a rejection of the country's <A href="/wiki/Schengen_Area" title="Schengen Area">Schengen Area</A> application and withdrawal of foreign investment.<SUP id="cite_ref-226" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-226">[223]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-227" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-227">[224]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-reuters_USKBN1F61EQ_228-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-reuters_USKBN1F61EQ-228">[225]</A></SUP> Government officials reportedly engage in embezzlement, influence trading, government procurement violations and bribery with impunity.<SUP id="cite_ref-SG1_158-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-SG1-158">[155]</A></SUP> Government procurement in particular is a critical area in corruption risk. An estimated 10 billion leva ($5.99 billion) of state budget and <A href="/wiki/Structural_Funds_and_Cohesion_Fund" title="Structural Funds and Cohesion Fund">European cohesion</A> funds are spent on public tenders each year;<SUP id="cite_ref-229" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-229">[226]</A></SUP> nearly 14 billion ($8.38 billion) were spent on public contracts in 2017 alone.<SUP id="cite_ref-230" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-230">[227]</A></SUP> A large share of these contracts are awarded to a few politically connected<SUP id="cite_ref-231" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-231">[228]</A></SUP> companies amid widespread irregularities, procedure violations and tailor-made selection or award criteria.<SUP id="cite_ref-232" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-232">[229]</A></SUP> Despite repeated criticism from the <A href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</A>,<SUP id="cite_ref-reuters_USKBN1F61EQ_228-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-reuters_USKBN1F61EQ-228">[225]</A></SUP>  EU institutions abstain from taking measures against Bulgaria because it is not seen by Brussels as a "problem country" like <A href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</A> or <A href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-cloud_224-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-cloud-224">[221]</A></SUP>
</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Sectors">Sectors</SPAN></H3>
<P>The labour force is 3.36 million people,<SUP id="cite_ref-233" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-233">[230]</A></SUP> of whom 6.8 per cent are employed in agriculture, 26.6 per cent are employed in industry and 66.6 per cent are employed in the services sector.<SUP id="cite_ref-234" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-234">[231]</A></SUP> Extraction of metals and minerals, production of <A href="/wiki/Chemical_industry" title="Chemical industry">chemicals</A>, <A href="/wiki/Machinery_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Machinery industry">machine building</A>, steel, biotechnology, tobacco and food processing and <A href="/wiki/Refined_petroleum_fuel" class="mw-redirect" title="Refined petroleum fuel">petroleum refining</A> are among the major industrial activities.<SUP id="cite_ref-235" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-235">[232]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-236" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-236">[233]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-237" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-237">[234]</A></SUP> Mining alone employs 24,000 people and generates about five per cent of the country's GDP; the number of employed in all mining-related industries is 120,000.<SUP id="cite_ref-238" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-238">[235]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-Ore_exports_239-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Ore_exports-239">[236]</A></SUP> Bulgaria is Europe's fifth-largest coal producer.<SUP id="cite_ref-Ore_exports_239-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Ore_exports-239">[236]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-240" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-240">[237]</A></SUP> Local deposits of coal, iron, copper and lead are vital for the manufacturing and energy sectors.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEResource_Base_241-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEResource_Base-241">[238]</A></SUP>
</P><P>Two-thirds of food and agricultural exports go to <A href="/wiki/OECD" title="OECD">OECD</A> countries.<SUP id="cite_ref-242" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-242">[239]</A></SUP> Although cereal and vegetable yields dropped by 40 per cent between 1990 and 2008,<SUP id="cite_ref-243" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-243">[240]</A></SUP> output has since increased, and the 2016-2017 season registered the biggest grain yields in a decade.<SUP id="cite_ref-UNdata_244-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-UNdata-244">[241]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-245" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-245">[242]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">Maize</A>, <A href="/wiki/Barley" title="Barley">barley</A>, <A href="/wiki/Oats" class="mw-redirect" title="Oats">oats</A> and <A href="/wiki/Rice" title="Rice">rice</A> are also grown. Quality <A href="/wiki/Turkish_tobacco" title="Turkish tobacco">Oriental tobacco</A> is a significant industrial crop.<SUP id="cite_ref-246" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-246">[243]</A></SUP> Bulgaria is also the largest producer globally of <A href="/wiki/Lavender_oil" title="Lavender oil">lavender</A> and <A href="/wiki/Rose_oil" title="Rose oil">rose oil</A>, both widely used in fragrances.<SUP id="cite_ref-CENTCOM_24-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-CENTCOM-24">[21]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-247" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-247">[244]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-248" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-248">[245]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-249" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-249">[246]</A></SUP> Of the services sector, <A href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Bulgaria" title="Tourism in Bulgaria">tourism</A> is a significant contributor to economic growth. Bulgaria has emerged as a travelling destination with its inexpensive resorts and beaches outside the reach of the tourist industry.<SUP id="cite_ref-250" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-250">[247]</A></SUP> Most of the visitors are Romanian, German, Turkish, British and Russian.<SUP id="cite_ref-251" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-251">[248]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</A>, <A href="/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv">Plovdiv</A>, <A href="/wiki/Veliko_Tarnovo" title="Veliko Tarnovo">Veliko Tarnovo</A>, coastal resorts <A href="/wiki/Golden_Sands" title="Golden Sands">Golden Sands</A> and <A href="/wiki/Sunny_Beach" title="Sunny Beach">Sunny Beach</A> and winter resorts <A href="/wiki/Bansko" title="Bansko">Bansko</A>, <A href="/wiki/Pamporovo" title="Pamporovo">Pamporovo</A> and <A href="/wiki/Borovets" title="Borovets">Borovets</A> are some of the locations most visited by tourists.<SUP id="cite_ref-252" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-252">[249]</A></SUP>
</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Science_and_technology">Science and technology</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Bulgaria" title="Science and technology in Bulgaria">Science and technology in Bulgaria</A></DIV>
<P>Spending on <A href="/wiki/Research_and_development" title="Research and development">research and development</A> amounts to 0.78 per cent of GDP,<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Brochure201819_253-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Brochure201819-253">[250]</A></SUP> and the bulk of public R&D funding goes to the <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Bulgarian Academy of Sciences">Bulgarian Academy of Sciences</A> (BAS).<SUP id="cite_ref-EUpresidency_254-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-EUpresidency-254">[251]</A></SUP> Private businesses accounted for more than 73 per cent of R&D expenditures and employed 42 per cent of Bulgaria's 22,000 researchers in 2015.<SUP id="cite_ref-R&D_spending_255-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-R&D_spending-255">[252]</A></SUP> The same year, Bulgaria ranked 39th out of 50 countries in the <A href="/wiki/Bloomberg_Innovation_Index" class="mw-redirect" title="Bloomberg Innovation Index">Bloomberg Innovation Index</A>, the highest score being in education (24th) and the lowest in value-added manufacturing (48th).<SUP id="cite_ref-256" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-256">[253]</A></SUP> Chronic government underinvestment in research since 1990 has forced many professionals in science and engineering to leave Bulgaria.<SUP id="cite_ref-257" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-257">[254]</A></SUP>
</P>
<DIV class="thumb tright"><DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:172px;"><A href="/wiki/File:BulgariaSat-1_Mission_(35491530485).jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket launching BulgariaSat-1 in June 2017" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/BulgariaSat-1_Mission_%2835491530485%29.jpg/170px-BulgariaSat-1_Mission_%2835491530485%29.jpg" width="170" height="255" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/BulgariaSat-1_Mission_%2835491530485%29.jpg/255px-BulgariaSat-1_Mission_%2835491530485%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/BulgariaSat-1_Mission_%2835491530485%29.jpg/340px-BulgariaSat-1_Mission_%2835491530485%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="3000" /></A>  <DIV class="thumbcaption"><DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:BulgariaSat-1_Mission_(35491530485).jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>The launch of BulgariaSat-1 by SpaceX using a <A href="/wiki/Falcon_9_booster_B1029" title="Falcon 9 booster B1029">B1029 reusable booster</A>, 2017</DIV></DIV></DIV>
<P>Despite the lack of funding, research in chemistry, <A href="/wiki/Materials_science" title="Materials science">materials science</A> and <A href="/wiki/Physics" title="Physics">physics</A> remains strong.<SUP id="cite_ref-EUpresidency_254-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-EUpresidency-254">[251]</A></SUP> Three per cent of economic output is generated by the <A href="/wiki/Information_and_communication_technologies" class="mw-redirect" title="Information and communication technologies">information and communication technologies</A> sector where 40,000<SUP id="cite_ref-258" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-258">[255]</A></SUP> to 51,000 software engineers are employed.<SUP id="cite_ref-259" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-259">[256]</A></SUP> More than a quarter of them are women, the highest percentage of females in ICT in any EU country.<SUP id="cite_ref-260" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-260">[257]</A></SUP> High levels of female participation are a legacy of the Soviet era,<SUP id="cite_ref-261" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-261">[258]</A></SUP> when the country was known as a "Communist <A href="/wiki/Silicon_Valley" title="Silicon Valley">Silicon Valley</A>" due to its key role in <A href="/wiki/COMECON" class="mw-redirect" title="COMECON">COMECON</A> computing technology production.<SUP id="cite_ref-262" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-262">[259]</A></SUP> Bulgaria is also a regional leader in <A href="/wiki/Supercomputer" title="Supercomputer">high performance computing</A> and operates <I>Avitohol</I>, the most powerful supercomputer in Southeast Europe.<SUP id="cite_ref-263" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-263">[260]</A></SUP>
</P><P>Bulgaria has made numerous contributions to <A href="/wiki/Space_exploration" title="Space exploration">space exploration</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-Interkosmos_264-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Interkosmos-264">[261]</A></SUP> These include two scientific satellites, more than 200 payloads and 300 experiments in Earth orbit, as well as <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_cosmonaut_program" title="Bulgarian cosmonaut program">two cosmonauts</A> since 1971.<SUP id="cite_ref-Interkosmos_264-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Interkosmos-264">[261]</A></SUP> Bulgaria was the first country to grow <A href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">wheat</A> and vegetables <A href="/wiki/Plants_in_space" title="Plants in space">in space</A> with its <A href="/wiki/SVET_plant_growth_system" title="SVET plant growth system">Svet</A> <A href="/wiki/Greenhouse" title="Greenhouse">greenhouses</A> on the <A href="/wiki/Mir_space_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Mir space station">Mir space station</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-265" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-265">[262]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-266" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-266">[263]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-267" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-267">[264]</A></SUP> It was involved in the development of the <A href="/wiki/Granat" title="Granat">Granat</A> <A href="/wiki/Gamma-ray_astronomy" title="Gamma-ray astronomy">gamma-ray observatory</A><SUP id="cite_ref-RESS_268-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-RESS-268">[265]</A></SUP> and the <A href="/wiki/Vega_program" title="Vega program">Vega program</A>, particularly in modelling trajectories and guidance <A href="/wiki/Algorithms" class="mw-redirect" title="Algorithms">algorithms</A> for both Vega probes.<SUP id="cite_ref-269" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-269">[266]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-270" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-270">[267]</A></SUP> Bulgarian instruments have been used in the <A href="/wiki/Exploration_of_Mars" title="Exploration of Mars">exploration of Mars</A>, including a spectrometer that took the first high quality <A href="/wiki/Spectroscopy" title="Spectroscopy">spectroscopic</A> images of Martian moon <A href="/wiki/Phobos_(moon)" title="Phobos (moon)">Phobos</A> with the <A href="/wiki/Phobos_2" title="Phobos 2">Phobos 2</A> probe.<SUP id="cite_ref-Interkosmos_264-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Interkosmos-264">[261]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-RESS_268-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-RESS-268">[265]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Cosmic_ray" title="Cosmic ray">Cosmic radiation</A> en route to and around the planet has been mapped by <A href="/wiki/Liulin_type_instruments" title="Liulin type instruments">Liulin-ML</A> dosimeters on the <A href="/wiki/ExoMars_Trace_Gas_Orbiter" title="ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter">ExoMars TGO</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-271" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-271">[268]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/RADOM-7" title="RADOM-7">Variants</A> of these instruments have also been fitted to the <A href="/wiki/Chandrayaan-1" title="Chandrayaan-1">Chandrayaan-1</A> lunar probe and the <A href="/wiki/International_Space_Station" title="International Space Station">International Space Station</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-272" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-272">[269]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-273" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-273">[270]</A></SUP> Bulgaria's first <A href="/wiki/Geosynchronous_satellite" title="Geosynchronous satellite">geostationary communications satellite</A>—<A href="/wiki/BulgariaSat-1" title="BulgariaSat-1">BulgariaSat-1</A>—was launched by <A href="/wiki/SpaceX" title="SpaceX">SpaceX</A> in June 2017.<SUP id="cite_ref-274" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-274">[271]</A></SUP>
</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <A href="/wiki/Energy_in_Bulgaria" title="Energy in Bulgaria">Energy in Bulgaria</A> and <A href="/wiki/Transport_in_Bulgaria" title="Transport in Bulgaria">Transport in Bulgaria</A></DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tleft"><DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Trakiya_highway_04.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="Trakiya motorway, one of the main national motorways" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Trakiya_highway_04.jpg/220px-Trakiya_highway_04.jpg" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Trakiya_highway_04.jpg/330px-Trakiya_highway_04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Trakiya_highway_04.jpg/440px-Trakiya_highway_04.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></A>  <DIV class="thumbcaption"><DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Trakiya_highway_04.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV><A href="/wiki/Trakia_motorway" title="Trakia motorway">Trakia motorway</A></DIV></DIV></DIV>
<P>Telephone services are widely available, and a central digital trunk line connects most regions.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200614_275-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200614-275">[272]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Vivacom" title="Vivacom">Vivacom</A> (BTC) serves more than 90 per cent of fixed lines and is one of the three operators providing mobile services, along with <A href="/wiki/Mtel_(Bulgaria)" title="Mtel (Bulgaria)">A1</A> and <A href="/wiki/Telenor_(Bulgaria)" title="Telenor (Bulgaria)">Telenor</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-276" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-276">[273]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-277" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-277">[274]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</A> penetration stood at 66 per cent, or 4.66 million users, in late 2017.<SUP id="cite_ref-278" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-278">[275]</A></SUP>
</P><P>Bulgaria's strategic geographic location and well-developed energy sector make it a key European energy centre despite its lack of significant fossil fuel deposits.<SUP id="cite_ref-279" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-279">[276]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Coal_power" class="mw-redirect" title="Coal power">Coal</A> accounts for 40% of national energy production,<SUP id="cite_ref-280" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-280">[277]</A></SUP> followed by <A href="/wiki/Nuclear_power" title="Nuclear power">nuclear power</A> from the <A href="/wiki/Kozloduy_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Kozloduy Nuclear Power Plant">Kozloduy reactors</A> (35%)<SUP id="cite_ref-281" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-281">[278]</A></SUP> and <A href="/wiki/Renewable_energy" title="Renewable energy">renewable sources</A> (20%).<SUP id="cite_ref-282" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-282">[279]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Biomass_energy" class="mw-redirect" title="Biomass energy">Biomass</A> has become the primary source of renewable power after more than a decade of growth in the sector.<SUP id="cite_ref-283" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-283">[280]</A></SUP>
</P><P>The national road network has a total length of 19,512 kilometres (12,124 mi),<SUP id="cite_ref-284" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-284">[281]</A></SUP> of which 19,235 kilometres (11,952 mi) are paved. Railroads are a major mode of freight transportation, although highways carry a progressively larger share of freight. Bulgaria has 6,238 kilometres (3,876 mi) of railway track<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200614_275-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200614-275">[272]</A></SUP> and currently a total of 81 kilometres (50 miles) of <A href="/wiki/High-speed_rail" title="High-speed rail">high-speed lines</A> are in operation.<SUP id="cite_ref-285" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-285">[282]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-286" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-286">[283]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-287" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-287">[284]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-288" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-288">[285]</A></SUP> Rail links are available with Romania, Turkey, Greece, and Serbia, and express trains serve direct routes to <A href="/wiki/Kiev" title="Kiev">Kiev</A>, <A href="/wiki/Minsk" title="Minsk">Minsk</A>, <A href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</A> and <A href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-289" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-289">[286]</A></SUP> Sofia and Plovdiv are the country's air travel hubs, while Varna and Burgas are the principal maritime trade ports.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200614_275-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200614-275">[272]</A></SUP>
</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Demographics">Demographics</SPAN></H2>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Bulgaria" title="Demographics of Bulgaria">Demographics of Bulgaria</A></DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tright"><DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:252px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Bulgaria-demography.png" class="image"><IMG alt="Population graph" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Bulgaria-demography.png/250px-Bulgaria-demography.png" width="250" height="147" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Bulgaria-demography.png/375px-Bulgaria-demography.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Bulgaria-demography.png/500px-Bulgaria-demography.png 2x" data-file-width="725" data-file-height="426" /></A>  <DIV class="thumbcaption"><DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Bulgaria-demography.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>Population trend since 1961</DIV></DIV></DIV>
<P>The population of Bulgaria is 7,364,570 people according to the 2011 national census. The majority of the population, or 72.5 percent, reside in urban areas.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20113_290-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20113-290">[287]</A></SUP> As of 2017, Sofia is the most populated urban centre with 1,325,429 people, followed by <A href="/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv">Plovdiv</A> (345,000), <A href="/wiki/Varna" title="Varna">Varna</A> (344,000), <A href="/wiki/Burgas" title="Burgas">Burgas</A> (209,000) and <A href="/wiki/Ruse,_Bulgaria" title="Ruse, Bulgaria">Ruse</A> (160,000).<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data2017_5-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data2017-5">[2]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Bulgarians" title="Bulgarians">Bulgarians</A> are the main ethnic group and comprise 84.8 percent of the population. <A href="/wiki/Turks_in_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks in Bulgaria">Turkish</A> and <A href="/wiki/Roma_in_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Roma in Bulgaria">Roma</A> minorities comprise 8.8 and 4.9 percent, respectively; some 40 smaller minorities comprise 0.7 percent, and 0.8 percent do not self-identify with an ethnic group.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20114_291-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20114-291">[288]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-NSI3_292-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-NSI3-292">[289]</A></SUP> Former <A href="/wiki/National_Statistical_Institute_(Bulgaria)" title="National Statistical Institute (Bulgaria)">Statistics</A> head <A href="/wiki/Reneta_Indzhova" title="Reneta Indzhova">Reneta Indzhova</A> has disputed the 2011 census figures, suggesting the actual population is smaller than reported and a higher percentage of citizens are of Romani origin.<SUP id="cite_ref-293" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-293">[290]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-294" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-294">[291]</A></SUP> The Roma minority is usually underestimated in census data and may represent up to 11 per cent of the population.<SUP id="cite_ref-295" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-295">[292]</A></SUP>
</P><P>Bulgaria is in a state of demographic crisis.<SUP id="cite_ref-296" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-296">[293]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-BNR_crisis_297-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-BNR_crisis-297">[294]</A></SUP> It has had negative population growth since the early 1990s, when the economic collapse caused a long-lasting emigration wave.<SUP id="cite_ref-DW_Entry_298-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-DW_Entry-298">[295]</A></SUP> Some 937,000 to 1,200,000 people—mostly young adults—left the country by 2005.<SUP id="cite_ref-DW_Entry_298-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-DW_Entry-298">[295]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-299" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-299">[296]</A></SUP> The <A href="/wiki/Total_fertility_rate" title="Total fertility rate">total fertility rate</A> (TFR) was estimated at 1.46 children born per woman in 2017.<SUP id="cite_ref-300" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-300">[297]</A></SUP> The majority of children are born to unmarried women.<SUP id="cite_ref-301" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-301">[298]</A></SUP> Furthermore, a third of all households consist of only one person and 75.5 percent of families do not have children under the age of 16.<SUP id="cite_ref-BNR_crisis_297-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-BNR_crisis-297">[294]</A></SUP> The resulting birth rates are among the lowest in the world<SUP id="cite_ref-302" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-302">[299]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-303" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-303">[300]</A></SUP> while death rates are among the highest.<SUP id="cite_ref-304" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-304">[301]</A></SUP>
</P><P>More than 80% of all deaths are due to <A href="/wiki/Cancer" title="Cancer">cancer</A> and <A href="/wiki/Cardiovascular_conditions" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardiovascular conditions">cardiovascular conditions</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-305" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-305">[302]</A></SUP> Mortality rates may be amenable with timely, adequate health care,<SUP id="cite_ref-306" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-306">[303]</A></SUP> which the current system fails to provide fully. Although <A href="/wiki/Health_in_Bulgaria" title="Health in Bulgaria">healthcare in Bulgaria</A> is universal,<SUP id="cite_ref-Health_system_307-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Health_system-307">[304]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Out-of-pocket_expenses" class="mw-redirect" title="Out-of-pocket expenses">out-of-pocket expenses</A> account for nearly half of all healthcare spending, and significantly limit access to medical care.<SUP id="cite_ref-308" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-308">[305]</A></SUP> Other problems disrupting care provision are the emigration of doctors due to low wages, understaffed and under-equipped regional hospitals, supply shortages and frequent changes to the basic service package for those insured.<SUP id="cite_ref-309" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-309">[306]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-310" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-310">[307]</A></SUP>
</P>
<DIV class="thumb tleft"><DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Sofia_University_%22St._Kliment_Ohridski%22_(37849719131).jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="Sofia University building" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Sofia_University_%22St._Kliment_Ohridski%22_%2837849719131%29.jpg/220px-Sofia_University_%22St._Kliment_Ohridski%22_%2837849719131%29.jpg" width="220" height="178" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Sofia_University_%22St._Kliment_Ohridski%22_%2837849719131%29.jpg/330px-Sofia_University_%22St._Kliment_Ohridski%22_%2837849719131%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Sofia_University_%22St._Kliment_Ohridski%22_%2837849719131%29.jpg/440px-Sofia_University_%22St._Kliment_Ohridski%22_%2837849719131%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3712" data-file-height="3006" /></A>  <DIV class="thumbcaption"><DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Sofia_University_%22St._Kliment_Ohridski%22_(37849719131).jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>The Rectorate of Sofia University</DIV></DIV></DIV><P>Public expenditures for education are far below the European Union average as well.<SUP id="cite_ref-UNICEF_311-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-UNICEF-311">[308]</A></SUP> Educational standards <A href="/wiki/Education_in_Bulgaria" title="Education in Bulgaria">were once high</A>,<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20066_312-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20066-312">[309]</A></SUP> but have deteriorated significantly over the past decade.<SUP id="cite_ref-UNICEF_311-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-UNICEF-311">[308]</A></SUP> Bulgarian students were among the highest-scoring in the world in terms of reading in 2001, performing better than their Canadian and German counterparts; by 2006, scores in reading, math and science had dropped. The <A href="/wiki/Programme_for_International_Student_Assessment" title="Programme for International Student Assessment">PISA</A> study of 2015 found 41.5% of pupils in the 9th grade to be <A href="/wiki/Functional_illiteracy" title="Functional illiteracy">functionally illiterate</A> in reading, maths and science.<SUP id="cite_ref-313" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-313">[310]</A></SUP> Average literacy stands at 98.4% with no significant difference between sexes.<SUP id="cite_ref-314" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-314">[311]</A></SUP> The <A href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Education_and_Science_(Bulgaria)" title="Ministry of Education and Science (Bulgaria)">Ministry of Education and Science</A> partially funds public schools, colleges and universities, sets criteria for textbooks and oversees the publishing process. Education in primary and secondary public schools is free.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20066_312-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20066-312">[309]</A></SUP> The process spans through 12 grades, where grades one through eight are primary and nine through twelve are secondary level. Higher education consists of a 4-year <A href="/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree" title="Bachelor's degree">bachelor</A> degree and a 1-year master's degree.<SUP id="cite_ref-315" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-315">[312]</A></SUP> Bulgaria's highest-ranked higher education institution is <A href="/wiki/Sofia_University" title="Sofia University">Sofia University</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-316" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-316">[313]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-317" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-317">[314]</A></SUP>
</P><P>All ethnic groups speak <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</A>, either as a first or as a second language. Bulgarian is the only language with official status and native for 85.2 percent of the population. The oldest written <A href="/wiki/Slavic_languages" title="Slavic languages">Slavic</A> language, Bulgarian is distinguishable from the other languages in this group through certain grammatical peculiarities such as the lack of <A href="/wiki/Noun_cases" class="mw-redirect" title="Noun cases">noun cases</A> and <A href="/wiki/Infinitives" class="mw-redirect" title="Infinitives">infinitives</A>, and a suffixed <A href="/wiki/Definite_article" class="mw-redirect" title="Definite article">definite article</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-318" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-318">[315]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-319" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-319">[316]</A></SUP>
</P><P>More than three-quarters of Bulgarians subscribe to Eastern Orthodoxy.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20115_320-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20115-320">[317]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni Muslims</A> are the second-largest community and constitute 10 percent of the religious makeup, although a majority of them are not observant and find the use of <A href="/wiki/Hijab" title="Hijab">Islamic veils</A> in schools unacceptable.<SUP id="cite_ref-321" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-321">[318]</A></SUP> Less than three percent are affiliated with <A href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bulgaria" title="Religion in Bulgaria">other religions</A>, 11.8 percent do not self-identify with a religion and 21.8 percent refused to state their beliefs.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20115_320-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20115-320">[317]</A></SUP> The <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Orthodox_Church" title="Bulgarian Orthodox Church">Bulgarian Orthodox Church</A> gained <A href="/wiki/Autocephaly" title="Autocephaly">autocephalous</A> status in 927 AD,<SUP id="cite_ref-322" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-322">[319]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-323" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-323">[320]</A></SUP> and currently has 12 dioceses and over 2,000 priests.<SUP id="cite_ref-324" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-324">[321]</A></SUP> Bulgaria is a <A href="/wiki/Secular_state" title="Secular state">secular state</A> with guaranteed religious freedom by constitution, but <A href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Orthodoxy</A> is designated as a "traditional" religion.<SUP id="cite_ref-325" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-325">[322]</A></SUP>
</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Culture">Culture</SPAN></H2>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Culture_of_Bulgaria" title="Culture of Bulgaria">Culture of Bulgaria</A></DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tright"><DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Kukeri_E8.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="Bulgarian Kuker" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Kukeri_E8.jpg/220px-Kukeri_E8.jpg" width="220" height="196" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Kukeri_E8.jpg/330px-Kukeri_E8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Kukeri_E8.jpg/440px-Kukeri_E8.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3057" data-file-height="2720" /></A>  <DIV class="thumbcaption"><DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Kukeri_E8.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV><I>Kuker</I> in <A href="/wiki/Lesichovo" title="Lesichovo">Lesichovo</A></DIV></DIV></DIV>
<P>Contemporary Bulgarian culture blends a formal culture that helped forge a national consciousness towards the end of Ottoman rule, and millennium-old folk traditions.<SUP id="cite_ref-Cultural_life_326-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Cultural_life-326">[323]</A></SUP> An essential element of Bulgarian folklore is fire, used to banish evil spirits and illnesses. Many of these are personified as witches, whereas other creatures like <A href="/wiki/Slavic_dragon" title="Slavic dragon">zmey</A> and <A href="/wiki/Samodiva_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Samodiva (mythology)">samodiva</A> (<A href="/wiki/Supernatural_beings_in_Slavic_folklore" class="mw-redirect" title="Supernatural beings in Slavic folklore">veela</A>) are either benevolent guardians or ambivalent tricksters.<SUP id="cite_ref-327" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-327">[324]</A></SUP> Some rituals against evil spirits have survived and are still practised, most notably <A href="/wiki/Kukeri" title="Kukeri">kukeri</A> and <A href="/wiki/Survakane" title="Survakane">survakari</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-328" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-328">[325]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Martenitsa" title="Martenitsa">Martenitsa</A> is also widely celebrated.<SUP id="cite_ref-329" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-329">[326]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Nestinarstvo" title="Nestinarstvo">Nestinarstvo</A>, a ritual fire-dance of Thracian origin,<SUP id="cite_ref-330" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-330">[327]</A></SUP> is included in the list of <A href="/wiki/UNESCO_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_Lists" title="UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists">UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-331" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-331">[328]</A></SUP>
</P><P><A href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Bulgaria" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Bulgaria">Nine historical and natural objects</A> have been inscribed in the list of <A href="/wiki/UNESCO_World_Heritage_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="UNESCO World Heritage Site">UNESCO World Heritage Sites</A>:  <A href="/wiki/Pirin_National_Park" title="Pirin National Park">Pirin National Park</A>, <A href="/wiki/Srebarna_Nature_Reserve" title="Srebarna Nature Reserve">Sreburna Nature Reserve</A>, the <A href="/wiki/Madara_Rider" title="Madara Rider">Madara Rider</A>, the Thracian tombs in <A href="/wiki/Thracian_Tomb_of_Sveshtari" title="Thracian Tomb of Sveshtari">Sveshtari</A> and <A href="/wiki/Thracian_Tomb_of_Kazanlak" title="Thracian Tomb of Kazanlak">Kazanlak</A>, the <A href="/wiki/Rila_Monastery" title="Rila Monastery">Rila Monastery</A>, the <A href="/wiki/Boyana_Church" title="Boyana Church">Boyana Church</A>, the <A href="/wiki/Rock-hewn_Churches_of_Ivanovo" title="Rock-hewn Churches of Ivanovo">Rock-hewn Churches of Ivanovo</A> and the ancient city of <A href="/wiki/Nesebar" title="Nesebar">Nesebar</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-332" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-332">[329]</A></SUP> The Rila Monastery was established by Saint <A href="/wiki/John_of_Rila" title="John of Rila">John of Rila</A>, Bulgaria's <A href="/wiki/Patron_saint" title="Patron saint">patron saint</A>, whose life has been the subject of numerous literary accounts since Medieval times.<SUP id="cite_ref-EBLiterature_333-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-EBLiterature-333">[330]</A></SUP>
</P><P>The <A href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</A> were marked by the literary schools of <A href="/wiki/Preslav_Literary_School" title="Preslav Literary School">Preslav</A> and <A href="/wiki/Ohrid_Literary_School" title="Ohrid Literary School">Ohrid</A>. These were essentially the first Slavic scholarly institutions, and their establishment in the 10th century is associated with a golden period in Bulgarian literature.<SUP id="cite_ref-EBLiterature_333-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-EBLiterature-333">[330]</A></SUP> This emphasis on Christian scholarship made the Bulgarian Empire a centre of Slavic culture, bringing Slavic peoples under the influence of Christianity and providing them with <A href="/wiki/Old_Church_Slavonic" title="Old Church Slavonic">a written language</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-334" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-334">[331]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-335" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-335">[332]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-336" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-336">[333]</A></SUP> Its alphabet, <A href="/wiki/Cyrillic" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyrillic">Cyrillic</A> script, was developed by the Preslav Literary School.<SUP id="cite_ref-337" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-337">[334]</A></SUP> The <A href="/wiki/Tarnovo_Literary_School" title="Tarnovo Literary School">Tarnovo Literary School</A>, on the other hand, is associated with a Silver age of literature defined by historical and mystical themes under the <A href="/wiki/Asen_dynasty" title="Asen dynasty">Asen</A> and <A href="/wiki/House_of_Shishman" title="House of Shishman">Shishman</A> dynasties.<SUP id="cite_ref-EBLiterature_333-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-EBLiterature-333">[330]</A></SUP> Many literary and artistic masterpieces were destroyed by the Ottoman conquerors, and artistic activities did not re-emerge until the <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_National_Revival" title="Bulgarian National Revival">National Revival</A> in the 19th century.<SUP id="cite_ref-Cultural_life_326-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Cultural_life-326">[323]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Ivan_Vazov" title="Ivan Vazov">Ivan Vazov</A>'s enormous body of work covered every genre and touched upon every facet of Bulgarian society, bridging pre-Liberation works with literature of the newly-established state.<SUP id="cite_ref-EBLiterature_333-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-EBLiterature-333">[330]</A></SUP> Notable later works are <I><A href="/wiki/Bay_Ganyo" title="Bay Ganyo">Bay Ganyo</A></I> by <A href="/wiki/Aleko_Konstantinov" title="Aleko Konstantinov">Aleko Konstantinov</A>, the <A href="/wiki/Friedrich_Nietzsche" title="Friedrich Nietzsche">Nietzschean</A> poetry of <A href="/wiki/Pencho_Slaveykov" title="Pencho Slaveykov">Pencho Slaveykov</A>, the <A href="/wiki/Symbolism_(arts)" title="Symbolism (arts)">Symbolist</A> poetry of <A href="/wiki/Peyo_Yavorov" title="Peyo Yavorov">Peyo Yavorov</A> and <A href="/wiki/Dimcho_Debelyanov" title="Dimcho Debelyanov">Dimcho Debelyanov</A>, the <A href="/wiki/Marxism" title="Marxism">Marxist</A>-inspired works of <A href="/wiki/Geo_Milev" title="Geo Milev">Geo Milev</A> and <A href="/wiki/Nikola_Vaptsarov" title="Nikola Vaptsarov">Nikola Vaptsarov</A>, and the <A href="/wiki/Socialist_Realism" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist Realism">Socialist realism</A> novels of <A href="/wiki/Dimitar_Dimov" title="Dimitar Dimov">Dimitar Dimov</A> and <A href="/wiki/Dimitar_Talev" title="Dimitar Talev">Dimitar Talev</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-EBLiterature_333-4" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-EBLiterature-333">[330]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Tzvetan_Todorov" title="Tzvetan Todorov">Tzvetan Todorov</A> is a notable contemporary author,<SUP id="cite_ref-338" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-338">[335]</A></SUP> while Bulgarian-born <A href="/wiki/Elias_Canetti" title="Elias Canetti">Elias Canetti</A> was awarded the <A href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Nobel Prize in Literature</A> in 1981.<SUP id="cite_ref-339" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-339">[336]</A></SUP>
</P>
<DIV class="thumb tleft"><DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:The_Serpentine_with_%22The_Mastaba%22_massive_temporary_sculpture_(geograph_5815020).jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="Christo's Mastaba installation in Hyde Park, London" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/The_Serpentine_with_%22The_Mastaba%22_massive_temporary_sculpture_%28geograph_5815020%29.jpg/220px-The_Serpentine_with_%22The_Mastaba%22_massive_temporary_sculpture_%28geograph_5815020%29.jpg" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/The_Serpentine_with_%22The_Mastaba%22_massive_temporary_sculpture_%28geograph_5815020%29.jpg/330px-The_Serpentine_with_%22The_Mastaba%22_massive_temporary_sculpture_%28geograph_5815020%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/The_Serpentine_with_%22The_Mastaba%22_massive_temporary_sculpture_%28geograph_5815020%29.jpg/440px-The_Serpentine_with_%22The_Mastaba%22_massive_temporary_sculpture_%28geograph_5815020%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></A>  <DIV class="thumbcaption"><DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:The_Serpentine_with_%22The_Mastaba%22_massive_temporary_sculpture_(geograph_5815020).jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV><A href="/wiki/Christo" class="mw-redirect" title="Christo">Christo</A>'s <I>Mastaba</I> in <A href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_London" title="Hyde Park, London">Hyde Park, London</A></DIV></DIV></DIV>
<P>А religious visual arts heritage includes <A href="/wiki/Fresco" title="Fresco">frescoes</A>, <A href="/wiki/Mural" title="Mural">murals</A> and <A href="/wiki/Icon" title="Icon">icons</A>, many produced by the medieval <A href="/wiki/Painting_of_the_Tarnovo_Artistic_School" title="Painting of the Tarnovo Artistic School">Tarnovo Artistic School</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-340" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-340">[337]</A></SUP> Like literature, it was not until the National Revival when Bulgarian visual arts began to reemerge. <A href="/wiki/Zahari_Zograf" title="Zahari Zograf">Zahari Zograf</A> was a pioneer of the visual arts in the pre-Liberation era.<SUP id="cite_ref-Cultural_life_326-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Cultural_life-326">[323]</A></SUP> After the Liberation, <A href="/wiki/Ivan_Mrkvi%C4%8Dka" title="Ivan Mrkvička">Ivan Mrkvička</A>, <A href="/wiki/Anton_Mitov" title="Anton Mitov">Anton Mitov</A>, <A href="/wiki/Vladimir_Dimitrov" title="Vladimir Dimitrov">Vladimir Dimitrov</A>, <A href="/wiki/Tsanko_Lavrenov" title="Tsanko Lavrenov">Tsanko Lavrenov</A> and <A href="/wiki/Zlatyu_Boyadzhiev" title="Zlatyu Boyadzhiev">Zlatyu Boyadzhiev</A> introduced newer styles and substance, depicting scenery from Bulgarian villages, old towns and historical subjects. <A href="/wiki/Christo" class="mw-redirect" title="Christo">Christo</A> is the most famous Bulgarian artist of the 21st century, known for his outdoor installations.<SUP id="cite_ref-Cultural_life_326-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Cultural_life-326">[323]</A></SUP>
</P><P>Folk music is by far the most extensive traditional art and has slowly developed throughout the ages as a fusion of Far Eastern, Oriental, medieval Eastern Orthodox and standard Western European tonalities and modes.<SUP id="cite_ref-341" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-341">[338]</A></SUP> Bulgarian folk music has a distinctive sound and uses a wide range of traditional instruments, such as <A href="/wiki/Gadulka" title="Gadulka">gadulka</A>, <A href="/wiki/Gaida" title="Gaida">gaida</A>, <A href="/wiki/Kaval" title="Kaval">kaval</A> and <A href="/wiki/Davul" title="Davul">tupan</A>. A distinguishing feature is <I>extended rhythmical time</I>, which has no equivalent in the rest of European music.<SUP id="cite_ref-CENTCOM_24-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-CENTCOM-24">[21]</A></SUP> The <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_State_Television_Female_Vocal_Choir" title="Bulgarian State Television Female Vocal Choir">State Television Female Vocal Choir</A> won a <A href="/wiki/Grammy_Award" title="Grammy Award">Grammy Award</A> in 1990 for its performances of Bulgarian folk music.<SUP id="cite_ref-342" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-342">[339]</A></SUP> Written musical composition can be traced back to the works of <A href="/wiki/Yoan_Kukuzel" class="mw-redirect" title="Yoan Kukuzel">Yoan Kukuzel</A> (c. 1280–1360),<SUP id="cite_ref-343" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-343">[340]</A></SUP> but modern classical music began with <A href="/wiki/Emanuil_Manolov" title="Emanuil Manolov">Emanuil Manolov</A>, who composed the first Bulgarian <A href="/wiki/Opera" title="Opera">opera</A> in 1890.<SUP id="cite_ref-Cultural_life_326-4" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Cultural_life-326">[323]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Pancho_Vladigerov" title="Pancho Vladigerov">Pancho Vladigerov</A> and <A href="/wiki/Petko_Staynov" title="Petko Staynov">Petko Staynov</A> further enriched <A href="/wiki/Symphony" title="Symphony">symphony</A>, ballet and opera, which singers <A href="/wiki/Ghena_Dimitrova" title="Ghena Dimitrova">Ghena Dimitrova</A>, <A href="/wiki/Boris_Christoff" title="Boris Christoff">Boris Hristov</A> and <A href="/wiki/Nicolai_Ghiaurov" title="Nicolai Ghiaurov">Nikolay Gyaurov</A> elevated to a world-class level.<SUP id="cite_ref-Cultural_life_326-5" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Cultural_life-326">[323]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-344" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-344">[341]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-345" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-345">[342]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-346" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-346">[343]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-347" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-347">[344]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-348" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-348">[345]</A></SUP> Bulgarian performers have also gained acclaim in other genres like <A href="/wiki/Electropop" title="Electropop">electropop</A> (<A href="/wiki/Mira_Aroyo" title="Mira Aroyo">Mira Aroyo</A>), <A href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</A> (<A href="/wiki/Milcho_Leviev" title="Milcho Leviev">Milcho Leviev</A>) and blends of jazz and folk (<A href="/wiki/Ivo_Papazov" title="Ivo Papazov">Ivo Papazov</A>).<SUP id="cite_ref-Cultural_life_326-6" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Cultural_life-326">[323]</A></SUP>
</P><P>Cultural events are advertised in the largest media outlets, including the <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_National_Radio" title="Bulgarian National Radio">Bulgarian National Radio</A>, and daily newspapers <I><A href="/wiki/Trud_(Bulgarian_newspaper)" title="Trud (Bulgarian newspaper)">Trud</A></I>, <I><A href="/wiki/Dnevnik_(Bulgaria)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dnevnik (Bulgaria)">Dnevnik</A></I> and <I><A href="/wiki/24_Chasa" title="24 Chasa">24 Chasa</A></I>.<SUP id="cite_ref-349" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-349">[346]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Media_of_Bulgaria" title="Media of Bulgaria">Bulgarian media</A> were described as generally unbiased in their reporting in the early 2000s and print media had no legal restrictions.<SUP id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200618,_23_350-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200618,_23-350">[347]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-landscape_351-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-landscape-351">[348]</A></SUP> Since then, <A href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_press" title="Freedom of the press">freedom of the press</A> has deteriorated to the point where Bulgaria scores 111th globally in the World Press Freedom Index, lower than all European Union members and membership candidate states. The government has diverted EU funds to sympathetic media outlets and bribed others to be less critical on problematic topics, while attacks against individual journalists have increased.<SUP id="cite_ref-RSF_352-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-RSF-352">[349]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-guardian1_353-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-guardian1-353">[350]</A></SUP> Collusion between politicians, oligarchs and the media is widespread.<SUP id="cite_ref-RSF_352-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-RSF-352">[349]</A></SUP>
</P><P><A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_cuisine" title="Bulgarian cuisine">Bulgarian cuisine</A> is similar to those of other Balkan countries and demonstrates a strong Turkish and Greek influence.<SUP id="cite_ref-Cuisine_354-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Cuisine-354">[351]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Yogurt" title="Yogurt">Yogurt</A>, <A href="/wiki/Lukanka" title="Lukanka">lukanka</A>, <A href="/wiki/Banitsa" title="Banitsa">banitsa</A>, <A href="/wiki/Shopska_salad" title="Shopska salad">shopska salad</A>, <A href="/wiki/Lyutenitsa" class="mw-redirect" title="Lyutenitsa">lyutenitsa</A> and <A href="/wiki/Kozunak" class="mw-redirect" title="Kozunak">kozunak</A> are among the best-known local foods. Oriental dishes such as <A href="/wiki/Moussaka" title="Moussaka">moussaka</A>, <A href="/wiki/Gyuvech" class="mw-redirect" title="Gyuvech">gyuvech</A>, and <A href="/wiki/Baklava" title="Baklava">baklava</A> are also present. Meat consumption is lower than the European average, given a notable preference for a large variety of salads.<SUP id="cite_ref-Cuisine_354-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Cuisine-354">[351]</A></SUP> Bulgaria was the world's second-largest <A href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">wine</A> exporter until 1989, but has since lost its positions.<SUP id="cite_ref-355" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-355">[352]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-356" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-356">[353]</A></SUP> The 2016 harvest yielded 128 million litres of wine, of which 62 million was exported mainly to Romania, Poland and Russia.<SUP id="cite_ref-357" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-357">[354]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Mavrud" title="Mavrud">Mavrud</A>, Rubin, <A href="/wiki/Siroka_Melniska" title="Siroka Melniska">Shiroka melnishka</A>, <A href="/wiki/Dimiat" title="Dimiat">Dimiat</A> and <A href="/wiki/Misket_Cherven" title="Misket Cherven">Cherven Misket</A> are the typical grapes used in <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_wine" title="Bulgarian wine">Bulgarian wine</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-358" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-358">[355]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Rakia" title="Rakia">Rakia</A> is a traditional fruit <A href="/wiki/Brandy" title="Brandy">brandy</A> which was consumed in Bulgaria as early as the 14th century.<SUP id="cite_ref-359" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-359">[356]</A></SUP>
</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Sports">Sports</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Sport_in_Bulgaria" title="Sport in Bulgaria">Sport in Bulgaria</A></DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tright"><DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Grigor_Dimitrov_(18697714220).jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="Grigor Dimitrov in 2017" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Grigor_Dimitrov_%2818697714220%29.jpg/220px-Grigor_Dimitrov_%2818697714220%29.jpg" width="220" height="222" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Grigor_Dimitrov_%2818697714220%29.jpg/330px-Grigor_Dimitrov_%2818697714220%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Grigor_Dimitrov_%2818697714220%29.jpg/440px-Grigor_Dimitrov_%2818697714220%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2609" data-file-height="2637" /></A>  <DIV class="thumbcaption"><DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Grigor_Dimitrov_(18697714220).jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV><A href="/wiki/Grigor_Dimitrov" title="Grigor Dimitrov">Grigor Dimitrov</A> at the <A href="/wiki/2015_Italian_Open_(tennis)" title="2015 Italian Open (tennis)">2015 Italian Open</A></DIV></DIV></DIV>
<P>Bulgaria's first Olympic appearance was at the <A href="/wiki/1896_Summer_Olympics" title="1896 Summer Olympics">1896 games</A>, when it was represented by <A href="/wiki/Charles_Champaud" title="Charles Champaud">Charles Champaud</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-360" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-360">[357]</A></SUP> Since then, its athletes have won 52 gold, 89 silver, and 83 bronze models,<SUP id="cite_ref-361" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-361">[358]</A></SUP> ranking 25th in the <A href="/wiki/All-time_Olympic_Games_medal_table" title="All-time Olympic Games medal table">all-time medal table</A>. <A href="/wiki/Olympic_weightlifting" title="Olympic weightlifting">Weight-lifting</A> is a signature sport for Bulgaria. Coach <A href="/wiki/Ivan_Abadjiev" title="Ivan Abadjiev">Ivan Abadjiev</A> was instrumental in developing innovative training practices that have produced many Bulgarian world and Olympic champions in the sport since the 1980s.<SUP id="cite_ref-Sport_362-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Sport-362">[359]</A></SUP> Bulgarian athletes have also excelled in <A href="/wiki/Wrestling" title="Wrestling">wrestling</A>, <A href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">boxing</A>, gymnastics, <A href="/wiki/Volleyball" title="Volleyball">volleyball</A> and <A href="/wiki/Tennis" title="Tennis">tennis</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-Sport_362-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Sport-362">[359]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Stefka_Kostadinova" title="Stefka Kostadinova">Stefka Kostadinova</A> is the reigning <A href="/wiki/List_of_world_records_in_athletics" title="List of world records in athletics">world record</A> holder in the women's <A href="/wiki/High_jump" title="High jump">high jump</A> at 2.09 metres (6 feet 10 inches), achieved during the <A href="/wiki/1987_World_Championships_in_Athletics" title="1987 World Championships in Athletics">1987 World Championships</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-363" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-363">[360]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Grigor_Dimitrov" title="Grigor Dimitrov">Grigor Dimitrov</A> is the only Bulgarian player to have reached the <A href="/wiki/ATP_Rankings#Current_rankings" title="ATP Rankings">ATP Rankings</A> Top 10.<SUP id="cite_ref-364" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-364">[361]</A></SUP>
</P><P><A href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">Football</A> is by far the most popular sport. A semi-final at the <A href="/wiki/1994_FIFA_World_Cup" title="1994 FIFA World Cup">1994 FIFA World Cup</A> remains the best performance of the <A href="/wiki/Bulgaria_national_football_team" title="Bulgaria national football team">national football team</A>, then spearheaded by forward <A href="/wiki/Hristo_Stoichkov" title="Hristo Stoichkov">Hristo Stoichkov</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-Sport_362-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Sport-362">[359]</A></SUP> Stoichkov is the most successful Bulgarian player of all time, a winner of the <A href="/wiki/European_Golden_Shoe" title="European Golden Shoe">Golden Boot</A>, the <A href="/wiki/Ballon_d%27Or" title="Ballon d'Or">Golden Ball</A> and considered one of the best in the world while playing for <A href="/wiki/FC_Barcelona" title="FC Barcelona">FC Barcelona</A> in the 1990s.<SUP id="cite_ref-365" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-365">[362]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-366" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-366">[363]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/PFC_CSKA_Sofia" title="PFC CSKA Sofia">CSKA</A> and <A href="/wiki/PFC_Levski_Sofia" title="PFC Levski Sofia">Levski</A>, both based in Sofia,<SUP id="cite_ref-Sport_362-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Sport-362">[359]</A></SUP> are the most successful clubs domestically and <A href="/wiki/Eternal_derby_of_Bulgarian_football" title="Eternal derby of Bulgarian football">long-standing rivals</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-367" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-367">[364]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/PFC_Ludogorets_Razgrad" title="PFC Ludogorets Razgrad">Ludogorets</A> is remarkable for having advanced from the local fourth division to the <A href="/wiki/2014%E2%80%9315_UEFA_Champions_League" title="2014–15 UEFA Champions League">2014–15 UEFA Champions League</A> group stage in a mere nine years.<SUP id="cite_ref-368" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-368">[365]</A></SUP> Placed 39th in 2018, it is Bulgaria's highest-ranked club in <A href="/wiki/UEFA" title="UEFA">UEFA</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-369" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-369">[366]</A></SUP>
</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</SPAN></H2>
<UL><LI class="mw-empty-elt"></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Outline_of_Bulgaria" title="Outline of Bulgaria">Outline of Bulgaria</A></LI>
<LI class="mw-empty-elt"></LI>
<LI class="mw-empty-elt"></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/International_rankings_of_Bulgaria" title="International rankings of Bulgaria">International rankings of Bulgaria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Bulgaria" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Bulgaria">List of twin towns and sister cities in Bulgaria</A></LI></UL>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Footnotes">Footnotes</SPAN></H2>
<DIV class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;">
<DIV class="mw-references-wrap"><OL class="references">
<LI id="cite_note-one-1"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-one_1-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">These figures have been disputed due to methodological and procedural flaws reported in the 2011 census. In particular, the number of Romani citizens may be significantly lower than the actual number. See <A href="/wiki/Bulgaria#Demographics" title="Bulgaria">Demographics</A>.</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-two-2"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-two_2-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">19 February in the <A href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</A> used at the time.</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-three-3"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-three_3-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">22 September in the <A href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</A> used at the time.</SPAN>
</LI>
</OL></DIV></DIV>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="References">References</SPAN></H2>
<DIV class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;">
<DIV class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><OL class="references">
<LI id="cite_note-Penin-4"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-Penin_4-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Penin_4-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Penin, Rumen (2007). <I>Природна география на България</I> (in Bulgarian). Bulvest 2000. p. 18. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-954-18-0546-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-954-18-0546-6">978-954-18-0546-6</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Bulvest+2000&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-954-18-0546-6&rft.aulast=Penin&rft.aufirst=Rumen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data2017-5"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data2017_5-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data2017_5-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFNSI_Census_data2017">NSI Census data 2017</A>.</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-imfgdp-6"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-imfgdp_6-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-imfgdp_6-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=86&pr.y=5&sy=2017&ey=2022&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=918%2C968&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=">"Bulgaria"</A>. International Monetary Fund<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">15 October</SPAN> 2017</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria&rft.pub=International+Monetary+Fund&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fexternal%2Fpubs%2Fft%2Fweo%2F2017%2F02%2Fweodata%2Fweorept.aspx%3Fpr.x%3D86%26pr.y%3D5%26sy%3D2017%26ey%3D2022%26scsm%3D1%26ssd%3D1%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1%26c%3D918%252C968%26s%3DNGDPD%252CPPPGDP%252CNGDPDPC%252CPPPPC%26grp%3D0%26a%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-eurogini-7"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-eurogini_7-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-datasets/-/tessi190">"Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income (source: SILC)"</A>. Eurostat Data Explorer<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">31 March</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gini+coefficient+of+equivalised+disposable+income+%28source%3A+SILC%29&rft.pub=Eurostat+Data+Explorer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Feurostat%2Fweb%2Fproducts-datasets%2F-%2Ftessi190&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-UN-8"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-UN_8-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2016_human_development_report.pdf">"Human Development Report 2015"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. <A href="/wiki/Human_Development_Report" title="Human Development Report">HDRO (Human Development Report Office)</A> <A href="/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Programme" title="United Nations Development Programme">United Nations Development Programme</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">14 December</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Human+Development+Report+2015&rft.pub=HDRO+%28Human+Development+Report+Office%29+United+Nations+Development+Programme&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2F2016_human_development_report.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGolden1992103–104-9"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGolden1992103–104_9-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFGolden1992">Golden 1992</A>, p. 103–104.</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-10"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-10"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Bowersock, Glen W. (1999). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=c788wWR_bLwC&pg=PA354"><I>Late Antiquity: a Guide to the Postclassical World</I></A>. Harvard University Press. p. 354. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-674-51173-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-674-51173-5">0-674-51173-5</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Late+Antiquity%3A+a+Guide+to+the+Postclassical+World&rft.pages=354&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-674-51173-5&rft.aulast=Bowersock&rft.aufirst=Glen+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dc788wWR_bLwC%26pg%3DPA354&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChen201297-11"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChen201297_11-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFChen2012">Chen 2012</A>, p. 97.</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-12"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-12"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Petersen, Leif Inge Ree (2013). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.hr/books?id=BRGaAAAAQBAJ"><I>Siege Warfare and Military Organization in the Successor States (400-800 AD): Byzantium, the West and Islam</I></A>. Brill. p. 369. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004254466" title="Special:BookSources/9789004254466">9789004254466</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Siege+Warfare+and+Military+Organization+in+the+Successor+States+%28400-800+AD%29%3A+Byzantium%2C+the+West+and+Islam&rft.pages=369&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9789004254466&rft.aulast=Petersen&rft.aufirst=Leif+Inge+Ree&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.hr%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBRGaAAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGolden1992104-13"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGolden1992104_13-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFGolden1992">Golden 1992</A>, p. 104.</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKaratay200325-14"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaratay200325_14-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFKaratay2003">Karatay 2003</A>, p. 25.</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChen201292–95,_97-15"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChen201292–95,_97_15-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFChen2012">Chen 2012</A>, p. 92–95, 97.</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKaratay200328-16"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaratay200328_16-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFKaratay2003">Karatay 2003</A>, p. 28.</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-17"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-17"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Bulgaria/History">"History"</A>. <I>Encyclopædia Britannica</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FBulgaria%2FHistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-18"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-18"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Chapman, John (2000). <I>Fragmentation in Archaeology: People, Places, and Broken Objects</I>. Routledge. p. 239. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-15803-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-15803-9">978-0-415-15803-9</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fragmentation+in+Archaeology%3A+People%2C+Places%2C+and+Broken+Objects&rft.pages=239&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-415-15803-9&rft.aulast=Chapman&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-19"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-19"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Roberts, Benjamin W.; Thornton, Christopher P. (2009). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/371376/Development_of_metallurgy_in_Eurasia">"Development of metallurgy in Eurasia"</A>. Department of Prehistory and Europe, <A href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</A>. p. 1015<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>. <Q>In contrast, the earliest exploitation and working of gold occurs in the Balkans during the mid-fifth millennium BC, several centuries after the earliest known copper smelting. This is demonstrated most spectacularly in the various objects adorning the burials at Varna, Bulgaria (Renfrew 1986; Highamet al. 2007). In contrast, the earliest gold objects found in Southwest Asia date only to the beginning of the fourth millennium BC as at Nahal Qanah in Israel (Golden 2009), suggesting that gold exploitation may have been a Southeast European invention, albeit a short-lived one.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Development+of+metallurgy+in+Eurasia&rft.pages=1015&rft.pub=Department+of+Prehistory+and+Europe%2C+British+Museum&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Benjamin+W.&rft.au=Thornton%2C+Christopher+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F371376%2FDevelopment_of_metallurgy_in_Eurasia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-20"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-20"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Laet, Sigfried J. de (1996). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=BnY0KYbJC6wC&pg=PA97&dq=history+of+metallurgy+bulgaria#v=onepage&q=bulgaria&f=false"><I>History of Humanity: From the Third Millennium to the Seventh Century BC</I></A>. UNESCO / Routledge. p. 99. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-92-3-102811-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-92-3-102811-3">978-92-3-102811-3</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">8 June</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>. <Q>The first major gold-working centre was situated at the mouth of the Danube, on the shores of the Black Sea in Bulgaria ...</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Humanity%3A+From+the+Third+Millennium+to+the+Seventh+Century+BC&rft.pages=99&rft.pub=UNESCO+%2F+Routledge&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-92-3-102811-3&rft.aulast=Laet&rft.aufirst=Sigfried+J.+de&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DBnY0KYbJC6wC%26pg%3DPA97%26dq%3Dhistory%2Bof%2Bmetallurgy%2Bbulgaria%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dbulgaria%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-21"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-21"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Grande, Lance (2009). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=RnE9Fa4pbn0C&pg=PA290&dq=varna+necropolis+oldest#v=onepage&q=varna%20necropolis%20oldest&f=false"><I>Gems and gemstones: Timeless natural beauty of the mineral world</I></A>. The University of Chicago Press. p. 292. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-30511-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-30511-0">978-0-226-30511-0</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>. <Q>The oldest known gold jewelry in the world is from an archaeological site in Varna Necropolis, Bulgaria, and is over 6,000 years old (radiocarbon dated between 4,600BC and 4,200BC).</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gems+and+gemstones%3A+Timeless+natural+beauty+of+the+mineral+world&rft.pages=292&rft.pub=The+University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-226-30511-0&rft.aulast=Grande&rft.aufirst=Lance&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DRnE9Fa4pbn0C%26pg%3DPA290%26dq%3Dvarna%2Bnecropolis%2Boldest%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dvarna%2520necropolis%2520oldest%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-22"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-22"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Anthony (ed), David W.; Chi (ed.), Jennifer (2010). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.bg/books?id=gFEARIQ6zYoC&pg=PA196&dq=varna+culture+gold&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi73PLs5rncAhWLESwKHUV4CtIQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=Grave%2043%20at%20the%20Varna%20cemetery&f=false"><I>The Lost World of Old Europe: The Danube Valley, 5000-3500 BC</I></A>. Institute for the Study of the Ancient World. pp. 39, 201. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-14388-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-14388-0">978-0-691-14388-0</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">25 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>. <Q>...grave 43 at the Varna cemetery, the richest single grave from Old Europe, dated about 4600-4500 BC.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Lost+World+of+Old+Europe%3A+The+Danube+Valley%2C+5000-3500+BC&rft.pages=39%2C+201&rft.pub=Institute+for+the+Study+of+the+Ancient+World&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-691-14388-0&rft.aulast=Anthony+%28ed%29&rft.aufirst=David+W.&rft.au=Chi+%28ed.%29%2C+Jennifer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.bg%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgFEARIQ6zYoC%26pg%3DPA196%26dq%3Dvarna%2Bculture%2Bgold%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0ahUKEwi73PLs5rncAhWLESwKHUV4CtIQ6AEIKDAA%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DGrave%252043%2520at%2520the%2520Varna%2520cemetery%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (<A href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_Extra_text:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list">link</A>) </SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-23"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-23"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.culture.gouv.fr/culture/arcnat/harsova/en/dobro3.htm">"The Gumelnita Culture"</A>. Government of France<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>. <Q>The Necropolis at Varna is an important site in understanding this culture.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Gumelnita+Culture&rft.pub=Government+of+France&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.culture.gouv.fr%2Fculture%2Farcnat%2Fharsova%2Fen%2Fdobro3.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-CENTCOM-24"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-CENTCOM_24-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-CENTCOM_24-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-CENTCOM_24-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-CENTCOM_24-3"><SUP><I><B>d</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111018052026/http://www.centcom.mil/bulgaria/">"Bulgaria Factbook"</A>. United States Central Command. December 2011. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.centcom.mil/bulgaria/">the original</A> on 18 October 2011.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+Factbook&rft.pub=United+States+Central+Command&rft.date=2011-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.centcom.mil%2Fbulgaria%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-25"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-25"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Schoenberger, Erica (2015). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.bg/books?id=TO5TBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA81&dq=varna+culture+gold&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi73PLs5rncAhWLESwKHUV4CtIQ6AEIPTAE#v=onepage&q=varna%20culture%20gold&f=false"><I>Nature, Choice and Social Power</I></A>. Routledge. p. 81. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-83386-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-83386-8">978-0-415-83386-8</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">25 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>. <Q>The graves at Varna range from poor to richly endowed, suggesting a rather high degree of social differentiation. Their discovery has led to a re-evaluation of the form of social organization characteristic of the Varna culture and of the onset of social stratification in Neolithic cultures.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nature%2C+Choice+and+Social+Power&rft.pages=81&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0-415-83386-8&rft.aulast=Schoenberger&rft.aufirst=Erica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.bg%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTO5TBAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA81%26dq%3Dvarna%2Bculture%2Bgold%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0ahUKEwi73PLs5rncAhWLESwKHUV4CtIQ6AEIPTAE%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dvarna%2520culture%2520gold%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-EBBulgars-26"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-EBBulgars_26-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-EBBulgars_26-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-EBBulgars_26-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Bulgar">"Bulgar"</A>. Encyclopædia Britannica<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgar&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FBulgar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-27"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-27"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Boardman, John; Edwards, I.E.S.; Sollberger, E. (1982). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=vXljf8JqmkoC&pg=PA53&dq=Yet+we+cannot+identify+the+Thracians#v=onepage&q=Yet%20we%20cannot%20identify%20the%20Thracians&f=false"><I>The Cambridge Ancient History – part1: The Prehistory of the Balkans, the Middle East and the Aegean World, Tenth to Eighth Centuries BC</I></A>. <B>3</B>. Cambridge University Press. p. 53. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0521224969" title="Special:BookSources/0521224969">0521224969</A>. <Q>Yet we cannot identify the Thracians at that remote period, because we do not know for certain whether the Thracian and Illyrian tribes had separated by then. It is safer to speak of Proto-Thracians from whom there developed in the Iron Age...</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Ancient+History+%E2%80%93+part1%3A+The+Prehistory+of+the+Balkans%2C+the+Middle+East+and+the+Aegean+World%2C+Tenth+to+Eighth+Centuries+BC&rft.pages=53&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=0521224969&rft.aulast=Boardman&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Edwards%2C+I.E.S.&rft.au=Sollberger%2C+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DvXljf8JqmkoC%26pg%3DPA53%26dq%3DYet%2Bwe%2Bcannot%2Bidentify%2Bthe%2BThracians%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DYet%2520we%2520cannot%2520identify%2520the%2520Thracians%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-28"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-28"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Kidner, Frank;  et al. (2013). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=1_E_CQAAQBAJ&dq=darius+conquer+bulgaria"><I>Making Europe: The Story of the West</I></A>. Cengage Learning. p. 57. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1111841317" title="Special:BookSources/978-1111841317">978-1111841317</A>. <Q>(...) In addition, the Persians gained Thrace (modern-day Bulgaria)</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Making+Europe%3A+The+Story+of+the+West&rft.pages=57&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1111841317&rft.aulast=Kidner&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3D1_E_CQAAQBAJ%26dq%3Ddarius%2Bconquer%2Bbulgaria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERoismanWorthington2011135–138,_343–345-29"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoismanWorthington2011135–138,_343–345_29-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFRoismanWorthington2011">Roisman & Worthington 2011</A>, pp. 135–138, 343–345.</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERoismanWorthington135–138,_343–345-30"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoismanWorthington135–138,_343–345_30-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFRoismanWorthington">Roisman & Worthington</A>, pp. 135–138, 343–345.</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-31"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-31"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Nagle, D. Brendan (2006). <I>Readings in Greek History: Sources and Interpretations</I>. Oxford University Press. p. 230. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-517825-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-517825-4">0-19-517825-4</A>. <Q>However, one of the Thracian tribes, the Odrysians, succeeded in unifying the Thracians and creating a powerful state</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Readings+in+Greek+History%3A+Sources+and+Interpretations&rft.pages=230&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-19-517825-4&rft.aulast=Nagle&rft.aufirst=D.+Brendan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-32"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-32"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Ashley, James R. (1998). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.bg/books?id=nTmXOFX-wioC&pg=PA34&dq=thracians+alexander&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiFxJvP8LncAhXFh6YKHW1RCVoQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=final%20reduction%20of%20thrace&f=false"><I>The Macedonian Empire: The Era of Warfare Under Philip II and Alexander the Great, 359-323 B.C.</I></A> McFarland & Company, Inc. pp. 139–140. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7864-1918-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-7864-1918-0">0-7864-1918-0</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">25 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Macedonian+Empire%3A+The+Era+of+Warfare+Under+Philip+II+and+Alexander+the+Great%2C+359-323+B.C.&rft.pages=139-140&rft.pub=McFarland+%26+Company%2C+Inc.&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0-7864-1918-0&rft.aulast=Ashley&rft.aufirst=James+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.bg%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnTmXOFX-wioC%26pg%3DPA34%26dq%3Dthracians%2Balexander%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0ahUKEwiFxJvP8LncAhXFh6YKHW1RCVoQ6AEIKDAA%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dfinal%2520reduction%2520of%2520thrace%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-33"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-33"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">O Hogain, Daithi (2002). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.bg/books?id=-yd1huHoXJwC&pg=PA69&dq=thracians+tylis&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjV2aHhhrrcAhUoJJoKHe6nAGsQ6AEINzAD#v=onepage&q=short-lived%20celtic%20power%20in%20thrace&f=false"><I>The Celts: A History</I></A>. The Boydell Press. pp. 69–71. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-903464-21-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-903464-21-8">1-903464-21-8</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">25 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Celts%3A+A+History&rft.pages=69-71&rft.pub=The+Boydell+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=1-903464-21-8&rft.aulast=O+Hogain&rft.aufirst=Daithi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.bg%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-yd1huHoXJwC%26pg%3DPA69%26dq%3Dthracians%2Btylis%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0ahUKEwjV2aHhhrrcAhUoJJoKHe6nAGsQ6AEINzAD%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dshort-lived%2520celtic%2520power%2520in%2520thrace%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-34"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-34"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Gagarin, Michael, ed. (2010). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.bg/books?id=lNV6-HsUppsC&pg=RA6-PA55&dq=odrysian+roman&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj57q2Yj7rcAhWKlSwKHZQ9CJQQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=odrysian%20roman&f=false"><I>The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome</I></A>. <B>1</B>. Oxford University Press. p. 55. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-517072-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-517072-6">978-0-19-517072-6</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">25 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+Ancient+Greece+and+Rome&rft.pages=55&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-19-517072-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.bg%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlNV6-HsUppsC%26pg%3DRA6-PA55%26dq%3Dodrysian%2Broman%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0ahUKEwj57q2Yj7rcAhWKlSwKHZQ9CJQQ6AEIKDAA%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dodrysian%2520roman%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-Ivanov-35"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-Ivanov_35-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Ivanov_35-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Ivanov_35-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Ivanov, Lyubomir (2007). <A class="external text" href="http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Essential_History_of_Bulgaria_in_Seven_Pages"><I>Essential History of Bulgaria in Seven Pages</I></A>. Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. p. 2<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>. <Q>In particular, in the mid-4th century a group of Goths settled in the region of Nikopolis ad Istrum (present Nikyup near Veliko Tarnovo in northern Bulgaria), where their leader Bishop Wulfila (Ulfilas) invented the Gothic alphabet and translated the Holy Bible into Gothic to produce the first book written in Germanic language.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Essential+History+of+Bulgaria+in+Seven+Pages&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=Bulgarian+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Ivanov&rft.aufirst=Lyubomir&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FEssential_History_of_Bulgaria_in_Seven_Pages&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-36"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-36"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Hock, Hans Heinrich; Joseph, Brian D. (1996). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=oGH-RCW1fzsC&pg=PA49&lpg=PA49&dq=gothic+bible+oldest+germanic#v=onepage&q=gothic%20bible%20oldest%20germanic&f=false"><I>Language History, Language Change and Language Relationship: an introduction to historical and comparative linguistics</I></A>. Walter de Gruyter & Co. p. 49. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-11-014784-X" title="Special:BookSources/3-11-014784-X">3-11-014784-X</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>. <Q>The oldest extensive text is a Gothic Bible translation produced by the Gothic bishop Wulfilas (meaning 'Little Wolf') in the 4th century</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Language+History%2C+Language+Change+and+Language+Relationship%3A+an+introduction+to+historical+and+comparative+linguistics&rft.pages=49&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter+%26+Co.&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=3-11-014784-X&rft.aulast=Hock&rft.aufirst=Hans+Heinrich&rft.au=Joseph%2C+Brian+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DoGH-RCW1fzsC%26pg%3DPA49%26lpg%3DPA49%26dq%3Dgothic%2Bbible%2Boldest%2Bgermanic%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dgothic%2520bible%2520oldest%2520germanic%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-37"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-37"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.liternet.bg/publish10/eshopova/manastiryt.htm">"The monastery in the village of Zlatna Livada – the oldest in Europe"</A> (in Bulgarian). LiterNet. 30 April 2004<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">30 March</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+monastery+in+the+village+of+Zlatna+Livada+%E2%80%93+the+oldest+in+Europe&rft.pub=LiterNet&rft.date=2004-04-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.liternet.bg%2Fpublish10%2Feshopova%2Fmanastiryt.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-38"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-38"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://macedonia.kroraina.com/da/da_summary.htm">"The Formation of the Bulgarian Nation"</A>. Наука и изкуство, "Векове". 1971. pp. 409–410.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Formation+of+the+Bulgarian+Nation&rft.pages=409-410&rft.pub=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%B8+%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%2C+%22%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%22&rft.date=1971&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmacedonia.kroraina.com%2Fda%2Fda_summary.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-39"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-39"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Browning, Robert (1988). <I>Byzantium and Bulgaria</I>. Studia Slavico-Byzantina et Mediaevalia Europensia. <B>I</B>. pp. 32–36.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Byzantium+and+Bulgaria&rft.series=Studia+Slavico-Byzantina+et+Mediaevalia+Europensia&rft.pages=32-36&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Browning&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-40"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-40"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Trever, Albert Augustus. <I>History of Ancient Civilization</I>. Harcourt, Brace. p. 571. <Q>The Thracian interior, however, was never really Romanized or even Hellenized</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Ancient+Civilization&rft.pages=571&rft.pub=Harcourt%2C+Brace&rft.aulast=Trever&rft.aufirst=Albert+Augustus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-41"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-41"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Zlatarski, Vasil (1938). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://macedonia.kroraina.com/vz1a/vz1a_b1_1.html"><I>History of the First Bulgarian Empire. Period of Hunnic-Bulgarian domination (679–852)</I></A> (in Bulgarian). p. 188<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">23 May</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+First+Bulgarian+Empire.+Period+of+Hunnic-Bulgarian+domination+%28679%E2%80%93852%29&rft.pages=188&rft.date=1938&rft.aulast=Zlatarski&rft.aufirst=Vasil&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmacedonia.kroraina.com%2Fvz1a%2Fvz1a_b1_1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-42"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-42"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Runciman, Steven (1930). <I>A History of the First Bulgarian Empire</I>. G. Bell and Sons. p. 26. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-404-18916-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-404-18916-4">0-404-18916-4</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+First+Bulgarian+Empire&rft.pages=26&rft.pub=G.+Bell+and+Sons&rft.date=1930&rft.isbn=0-404-18916-4&rft.aulast=Runciman&rft.aufirst=Steven&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-43"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-43"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Vlasto, Alexis P. (1970). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.bg/books?id=fpVOAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA157&dq=krum+code+of+law&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi83PTGzL_cAhWLNpoKHYazBmMQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=krum%20code%20of%20law&f=false"><I>The Entry of the Slavs Into Christendom: An Introduction to the Medieval History of the Slavs</I></A>. Cambridge University Press. p. 157. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521074599" title="Special:BookSources/9780521074599">9780521074599</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">27 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Entry+of+the+Slavs+Into+Christendom%3A+An+Introduction+to+the+Medieval+History+of+the+Slavs&rft.pages=157&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1970&rft.isbn=9780521074599&rft.aulast=Vlasto&rft.aufirst=Alexis+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.bg%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfpVOAAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA157%26dq%3Dkrum%2Bcode%2Bof%2Blaw%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0ahUKEwi83PTGzL_cAhWLNpoKHYazBmMQ6AEIKDAA%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dkrum%2520code%2520of%2520law%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-44"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-44"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Krum">"Krum"</A>. Encyclopædia Britannica<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Krum&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FKrum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-45"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-45"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Bulgaria/The-first-Bulgarian-empire#ref42725">"The Spread of Christianity"</A>. Encyclopædia Britannica<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>. <Q>Although Boris's baptism was into the Eastern church, he subsequently wavered between Rome and Constantinople until the latter was persuaded to grant de facto autonomy to Bulgaria in church affairs.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Spread+of+Christianity&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FBulgaria%2FThe-first-Bulgarian-empire%23ref42725&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-46"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-46"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Crampton, R.J. (2007). <I>Bulgaria</I>. Oxford University Press. p. 13. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-954158-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-954158-4">978-0-19-954158-4</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bulgaria&rft.pages=13&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-19-954158-4&rft.aulast=Crampton&rft.aufirst=R.J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-EB-47"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-EB_47-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-EB_47-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-EB_47-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Bulgaria/The-first-Bulgarian-empire#ref42726">"Reign of Simeon I"</A>. Encyclopædia Britannica<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>. <Q>Bulgaria's conversion had a political dimension, for it contributed both to the growth of central authority and to the merging of Bulgars and Slavs into a unified Bulgarian people.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Reign+of+Simeon+I&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FBulgaria%2FThe-first-Bulgarian-empire%23ref42726&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-RCJ_BG-48"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-RCJ_BG_48-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Crampton, R.J. (2007). <I>Bulgaria</I>. Oxford University Press. p. 12. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-954158-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-954158-4">978-0-19-954158-4</A>. <Q>No single act did more, in the long run, to weld Christian Slav and Proto-Bulgar into a Bulgarian people than the conversion of 864.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bulgaria&rft.pages=12&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-19-954158-4&rft.aulast=Crampton&rft.aufirst=R.J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_First_Golden_Age-49"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_First_Golden_Age_49-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFThe_First_Golden_Age">The First Golden Age</A>.</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-50"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-50"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Browning, Robert (1975). <I>Byzantium and Bulgaria</I>. Temple Smith. pp. 194–5. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85117-064-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-85117-064-1">0-85117-064-1</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Byzantium+and+Bulgaria&rft.pages=194-5&rft.pub=Temple+Smith&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=0-85117-064-1&rft.aulast=Browning&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-51"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-51"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Samuel-tsar-of-western-Bulgaria">"Samuel"</A>. Encyclopædia Britannica<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 January</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Samuel&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FSamuel-tsar-of-western-Bulgaria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-52"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-52"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Scylitzae, Ioannis (1973). <I>Synopsis Historiarum</I>. <I>Corpus Fontium Byzantiae Historiae</I> (Hans Thurn ed.). p. 457. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-11-002285-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-11-002285-8">978-3-11-002285-8</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Synopsis+Historiarum&rft.pages=457&rft.edition=Hans+Thurn&rft.date=1973&rft.isbn=978-3-11-002285-8&rft.aulast=Scylitzae&rft.aufirst=Ioannis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-53"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-53"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Plamen Pavlov (2005). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.liternet.bg/publish13/p_pavlov/buntari/zagovorite.htm">"The plots of 'master Presian the Bulgarian<SPAN style="padding-right:0.2em;">'</SPAN>"</A>. <I>Rebels and adventurers in medieval Bulgaria</I> (in Bulgarian). LiterNet<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>. <Q>And, in the Spring of 1018, "the party of capitulation" prevailed and Basil II freely entered the then capital of Bulgaria Ochrid.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rebels+and+adventurers+in+medieval+Bulgaria&rft.atitle=The+plots+of+%27master+Presian+the+Bulgarian%27&rft.date=2005&rft.au=Plamen+Pavlov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.liternet.bg%2Fpublish13%2Fp_pavlov%2Fbuntari%2Fzagovorite.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Ostrog-54"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-Ostrog_54-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Ostrog_54-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Ostrogorsky, Georgije (1969). <I>History of the Byzantine State</I>. Rutgers University Press. p. 311. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780813511986" title="Special:BookSources/9780813511986">9780813511986</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Byzantine+State&rft.pages=311&rft.pub=Rutgers+University+Press&rft.date=1969&rft.isbn=9780813511986&rft.aulast=Ostrogorsky&rft.aufirst=Georgije&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-55"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-55"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Cameron, Averil (2006). <I>The Byzantines</I>. Blackwell Publishing. p. 170. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4051-9833-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4051-9833-2">978-1-4051-9833-2</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Byzantines&rft.pages=170&rft.pub=Blackwell+Publishing&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-4051-9833-2&rft.aulast=Cameron&rft.aufirst=Averil&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-EBSecondEmpire-56"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-EBSecondEmpire_56-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-EBSecondEmpire_56-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-EBSecondEmpire_56-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Bulgaria/The-second-Bulgarian-empire">"Bulgaria – Second Bulgarian Empire"</A>. Encyclopædia Britannica<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">27 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+Second+Bulgarian+Empire&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FBulgaria%2FThe-second-Bulgarian-empire&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-EB1911-57"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-EB1911_57-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-EB1911_57-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-EB1911_57-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-EB1911_57-3"><SUP><I><B>d</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A href="/wiki/James_David_Bourchier" title="James David Bourchier">James David Bourchier</A> (1911). <A class="external text" href="http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclopædia_Britannica/Bulgaria/History">"History of Bulgaria"</A>. Encyclopædia Britannica 1911<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">9 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+Bulgaria&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+1911&rft.date=1911&rft.au=James+David+Bourchier&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2F1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica%2FBulgaria%2FHistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-58"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-58"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110916221127/http://www.shsu.edu/~his_ncp/Mongolia.html">"The Golden Horde"</A>. Library of Congress Mongolia country study. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shsu.edu/~his_ncp/Mongolia.html">the original</A> on 16 September 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>. <Q>The Mongols maintained sovereignty over eastern Russia from 1240 to 1480, and they controlled the upper Volga area, the territories of the former Volga Bulghar state, Siberia, the northern Caucasus, <B>Bulgaria (for a time)</B>, the Crimea, and Khwarizm</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Golden+Horde&rft.pub=Library+of+Congress+Mongolia+country+study&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shsu.edu%2F~his_ncp%2FMongolia.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-Martin_2017-59"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-Martin_2017_59-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Martin_2017_59-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Martin, Michael (2017). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.bg/books?id=gN8lDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA344&dq=ivaylo+mongols&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiupJ3T7r_cAhUoSJoKHbwECNsQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=ivaylo%20mongols&f=false"><I>City of the Sun: Development and Popular Resistance in the Pre-Modern West</I></A>. Algora Publishing. p. 344. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781628942798" title="Special:BookSources/9781628942798">9781628942798</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=City+of+the+Sun%3A+Development+and+Popular+Resistance+in+the+Pre-Modern+West&rft.pages=344&rft.pub=Algora+Publishing&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9781628942798&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.bg%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgN8lDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA344%26dq%3Divaylo%2Bmongols%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0ahUKEwiupJ3T7r_cAhUoSJoKHbwECNsQ6AEIKDAA%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Divaylo%2520mongols%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-Ottoman_rule-60"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-Ottoman_rule_60-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Ottoman_rule_60-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Ottoman_rule_60-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Ottoman_rule_60-3"><SUP><I><B>d</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Bulgaria/The-second-Bulgarian-empire#ref42728">"Bulgaria – Ottoman rule"</A>. Encyclopædia Britannica<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">21 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>. <Q>With the capture of a rump Bulgarian kingdom centred at Bdin (Vidin) in 1396, the last remnant of Bulgarian independence disappeared. ... The Bulgarian nobility was destroyed—its members either perished, fled, or accepted Islam and Turkicization—and the peasantry was enserfed to Turkish masters.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+Ottoman+rule&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FBulgaria%2FThe-second-Bulgarian-empire%23ref42728&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-Jireček-61"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-Jireček_61-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Jireček_61-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book"><A href="/wiki/Konstantin_Josef_Jire%C4%8Dek" class="mw-redirect" title="Konstantin Josef Jireček">Jireček, K. J.</A> (1876). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=VBhThVLpc4MC&pg=PA88"><I>Geschichte der Bulgaren</I></A> (in German). Nachdr. d. Ausg. Prag. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-487-06408-1" title="Special:BookSources/3-487-06408-1">3-487-06408-1</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Geschichte+der+Bulgaren&rft.pub=Nachdr.+d.+Ausg.+Prag&rft.date=1876&rft.isbn=3-487-06408-1&rft.aulast=Jire%C4%8Dek&rft.aufirst=K.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DVBhThVLpc4MC%26pg%3DPA88&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-62"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-62"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Minkov, Anton (2004). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=zQsB_AghBKkC&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=conversation+to+islam+to+the+balkans#v=onepage&q=conclusion&f=false"><I>Conversion to Islam in the Balkans: Kisve Bahası – Petitions and Ottoman Social Life, 1670–1730</I></A>. BRILL. p. 193. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-13576-6" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-13576-6">90-04-13576-6</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Conversion+to+Islam+in+the+Balkans%3A+Kisve+Bahas%C4%B1+%E2%80%93+Petitions+and+Ottoman+Social+Life%2C+1670%E2%80%931730&rft.pages=193&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=90-04-13576-6&rft.aulast=Minkov&rft.aufirst=Anton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DzQsB_AghBKkC%26pg%3DPA8%26lpg%3DPA8%26dq%3Dconversation%2Bto%2Bislam%2Bto%2Bthe%2Bbalkans%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dconclusion%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-63"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-63"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Detrez, Raymond (2008). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=htMUx8qlWCMC&pg=PA47&dq=millet++bulgarian+identity+detrez#v=onepage&q=Smith%2C%20A.%20The%20Ethnic%20Origins%20of%20Nations.%20&f=false"><I>Europe and the Historical Legacies in the Balkans</I></A>. Peter Lang Publishers. p. 36. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-5201-374-8" title="Special:BookSources/90-5201-374-8">90-5201-374-8</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Europe+and+the+Historical+Legacies+in+the+Balkans&rft.pages=36&rft.pub=Peter+Lang+Publishers&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=90-5201-374-8&rft.aulast=Detrez&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DhtMUx8qlWCMC%26pg%3DPA47%26dq%3Dmillet%2B%2Bbulgarian%2Bidentity%2Bdetrez%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DSmith%252C%2520A.%2520The%2520Ethnic%2520Origins%2520of%2520Nations.%2520%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-64"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-64"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Fishman, Joshua A. (2010). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=7oAUeUVtc58C&pg=PA276&dq=there+were+almost+no+remnants+of+a+Bulgarian+ethnic+identity;#v=onepage&q=there%20were%20almost%20no%20remnants%20of%20a%20Bulgarian%20ethnic%20identity%3B&f=false"><I>"Handbook of Language and Ethnic Identity," Disciplinary and Regional Perspectives</I></A>. Oxford University Press. p. 276. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-537492-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-537492-4">0-19-537492-4</A>. <Q>There were almost no remnants of a Bulgarian ethnic identity; the population defined itself as Christians, according to the Ottoman system of millets, that is, communities of religious beliefs. The first attempts to define a Bulgarian ethnicity started at the beginning of the 19th century.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%22Handbook+of+Language+and+Ethnic+Identity%2C%22+Disciplinary+and+Regional+Perspectives&rft.pages=276&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=0-19-537492-4&rft.aulast=Fishman&rft.aufirst=Joshua+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3D7oAUeUVtc58C%26pg%3DPA276%26dq%3Dthere%2Bwere%2Balmost%2Bno%2Bremnants%2Bof%2Ba%2BBulgarian%2Bethnic%2Bidentity%3B%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dthere%2520were%2520almost%2520no%2520remnants%2520of%2520a%2520Bulgarian%2520ethnic%2520identity%253B%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-65"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-65"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Roudometof, Victor; Robertson, Roland (2001). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=I9p_m7oXQ00C&pg=PA68&dq=rum+millet+identity#v=onepage&q=rum%20millet%20identity&f=false"><I>Nationalism, globalization, and orthodoxy: the social origins of ethnic conflict in the Balkans</I></A>. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 68–71. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-313-31949-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-313-31949-9">0-313-31949-9</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nationalism%2C+globalization%2C+and+orthodoxy%3A+the+social+origins+of+ethnic+conflict+in+the+Balkans&rft.pages=68-71&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-313-31949-9&rft.aulast=Roudometof&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.au=Robertson%2C+Roland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DI9p_m7oXQ00C%26pg%3DPA68%26dq%3Drum%2Bmillet%2Bidentity%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Drum%2520millet%2520identity%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-66"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-66"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Crampton, R. J. (1987). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=iL06AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA5&lpg=PA5&dq=Bulgarians+had+established+a+form+of+national+cultural+consciousness.+Though+far+from+the+nationalism+of+the+nineteenth+century,+with+its+concepts+of+popular+sovereignty+and+organised+political+movements,+this+sense+of+identity+was+strong+enough+to+preserve+the+concept+of+Bulgaria+as+a+distinct+religious,+cultural+and,+perhaps,+political+entity.#v=onepage&q=Bulgarians%20had%20established%20a%20form%20of%20national%20cultural%20consciousness.%20Though%20far%20from%20the%20nationalism%20of%20the%20nineteenth%20century%2C%20with%20its%20concepts%20of%20popular%20sovereignty%20and%20organised%20political%20movements%2C%20this%20sense%20of%20identity%20was%20strong%20enough%20to%20preserve%20the%20concept%20of%20Bulgaria%20as%20a%20distinct%20religious%2C%20cultural%20and%2C%20perhaps%2C%20political%20entity.&f=false"><I>Modern Bulgaria</I></A>. Cambridge University Press. p. 8. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-27323-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-27323-4">0-521-27323-4</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">2 October</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Modern+Bulgaria&rft.pages=8&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=0-521-27323-4&rft.aulast=Crampton&rft.aufirst=R.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DiL06AAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA5%26lpg%3DPA5%26dq%3DBulgarians%2Bhad%2Bestablished%2Ba%2Bform%2Bof%2Bnational%2Bcultural%2Bconsciousness.%2BThough%2Bfar%2Bfrom%2Bthe%2Bnationalism%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bnineteenth%2Bcentury%2C%2Bwith%2Bits%2Bconcepts%2Bof%2Bpopular%2Bsovereignty%2Band%2Borganised%2Bpolitical%2Bmovements%2C%2Bthis%2Bsense%2Bof%2Bidentity%2Bwas%2Bstrong%2Benough%2Bto%2Bpreserve%2Bthe%2Bconcept%2Bof%2BBulgaria%2Bas%2Ba%2Bdistinct%2Breligious%2C%2Bcultural%2Band%2C%2Bperhaps%2C%2Bpolitical%2Bentity.%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DBulgarians%2520had%2520established%2520a%2520form%2520of%2520national%2520cultural%2520consciousness.%2520Though%2520far%2520from%2520the%2520nationalism%2520of%2520the%2520nineteenth%2520century%252C%2520with%2520its%2520concepts%2520of%2520popular%2520sovereignty%2520and%2520organised%2520political%2520movements%252C%2520this%2520sense%2520of%2520identity%2520was%2520strong%2520enough%2520to%2520preserve%2520the%2520concept%2520of%2520Bulgaria%2520as%2520a%2520distinct%2520religious%252C%2520cultural%2520and%252C%2520perhaps%252C%2520political%2520entity.%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-67"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-67"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Carvalho, Joaquim (2007). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=jR98-Ata0CkC&pg=PA260&dq=bulgarians+lost+ethnic+millet+national#v=onepage&q=bulgarians%20ethnic%20millet%20national&f=false"><I>Religion and Power in Europe: Conflict and Convergence</I></A>. Edizioni Plus. p. 261. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/88-8492-464-2" title="Special:BookSources/88-8492-464-2">88-8492-464-2</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religion+and+Power+in+Europe%3A+Conflict+and+Convergence&rft.pages=261&rft.pub=Edizioni+Plus&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=88-8492-464-2&rft.aulast=Carvalho&rft.aufirst=Joaquim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DjR98-Ata0CkC%26pg%3DPA260%26dq%3Dbulgarians%2Blost%2Bethnic%2Bmillet%2Bnational%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dbulgarians%2520ethnic%2520millet%2520national%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Decline-68"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-Decline_68-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Decline_68-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Bulgaria/The-second-Bulgarian-empire#ref42731">"Bulgaria – Ottoman administration"</A>. Encyclopædia Britannica<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 October</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+Ottoman+administration&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FBulgaria%2FThe-second-Bulgarian-empire%23ref42731&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_Final_Move_to_Independence-69"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_Final_Move_to_Independence_69-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_Final_Move_to_Independence_69-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFThe_Final_Move_to_Independence">The Final Move to Independence</A>.</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-70"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-70"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://novinite.com/view_news.php?id=125840">"Reminiscence from Days of Liberation*"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 3 March 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Reminiscence+from+Days+of+Liberation%2A&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2011-03-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnovinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D125840&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESan_Stefano,_Berlin_and_Independence-71"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESan_Stefano,_Berlin_and_Independence_71-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESan_Stefano,_Berlin_and_Independence_71-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFSan_Stefano,_Berlin_and_Independence">San Stefano, Berlin and Independence</A>.</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-72"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-72"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Blamires, Cyprian (2006). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=nvD2rZSVau4C&pg=PA107&dq=bulgaria+fascist+parties+and+organizations#v=onepage&q=bulgaria%20fascist%20parties%20and%20organizations&f=false"><I>World Fascism: A historical encyclopedia</I></A>. ABC-CLIO. p. 107. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57607-941-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-57607-941-4">1-57607-941-4</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>. <Q>The "Greater Bulgaria" re-established in March 1878 on the lines of the medieval Bulgarian empire after liberation from Turkish rule did not last long.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=World+Fascism%3A+A+historical+encyclopedia&rft.pages=107&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-57607-941-4&rft.aulast=Blamires&rft.aufirst=Cyprian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DnvD2rZSVau4C%26pg%3DPA107%26dq%3Dbulgaria%2Bfascist%2Bparties%2Band%2Borganizations%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dbulgaria%2520fascist%2520parties%2520and%2520organizations%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-BBCProfile-73"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-BBCProfile_73-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/country_profiles/1061402.stm">"Timeline: Bulgaria – A chronology of key events"</A>. BBC News. 6 May 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Timeline%3A+Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+A+chronology+of+key+events&rft.pub=BBC+News&rft.date=2010-05-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2Fcountry_profiles%2F1061402.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHistorical_Setting-74"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHistorical_Setting_74-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFHistorical_Setting">Historical Setting</A>.</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-75"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-75"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Crampton, R.J. (2007). <I>Bulgaria</I>. Oxford University Press. p. 174. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-954158-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-954158-4">978-0-19-954158-4</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bulgaria&rft.pages=174&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-19-954158-4&rft.aulast=Crampton&rft.aufirst=R.J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-76"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-76"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Dillon, Emile Joseph (1920). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/ftp.ibiblio.org/pub/docs/books/gutenberg/1/4/4/7/14477/14477-h/14477-h.htm"><I>The Inside Story of the Peace Conference</I></A>. Harper. p. Not available. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-8424-7594-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-8424-7594-6">978-3-8424-7594-6</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>. <Q>The territorial changes which the Prussia of the Balkans was condemned to undergo are neither very considerable nor unjust.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Inside+Story+of+the+Peace+Conference&rft.pages=Not+available&rft.pub=Harper&rft.date=1920&rft.isbn=978-3-8424-7594-6&rft.aulast=Dillon&rft.aufirst=Emile+Joseph&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mirrorservice.org%2Fsites%2Fftp.ibiblio.org%2Fpub%2Fdocs%2Fbooks%2Fgutenberg%2F1%2F4%2F4%2F7%2F14477%2F14477-h%2F14477-h.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-77"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-77"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Pinon, Rene (1913). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=xL9DAAAAYAAJ&q=prusse+des+balkans&dq=prusse+des+balkans"><I>L'Europe et la Jeune Turquie: les aspects nouveaux de la question d'Orient</I></A> (in French). Perrin et cie. p. 411. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-144-41381-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-144-41381-9">978-1-144-41381-9</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>. <Q>On a dit souvent de la Bulgarie qu'elle est la Prusse des Balkans</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=L%27Europe+et+la+Jeune+Turquie%3A+les+aspects+nouveaux+de+la+question+d%27Orient&rft.pages=411&rft.pub=Perrin+et+cie&rft.date=1913&rft.isbn=978-1-144-41381-9&rft.aulast=Pinon&rft.aufirst=Rene&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DxL9DAAAAYAAJ%26q%3Dprusse%2Bdes%2Bbalkans%26dq%3Dprusse%2Bdes%2Bbalkans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-78"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-78"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Tucker, Spencer C; Wood, Laura (1996). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=EHI3PCjDtsUC&pg=PA172&dq=Direct+and+Indirect+Costs+of+the+Great+World+War&cd=5#v=onepage&q=Direct%20and%20Indirect%20Costs%20of%20the%20Great%20World%20War&f=false"><I>The European Powers in the First World War: An Encyclopedia</I></A>. Taylor & Francis. p. 173. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8153-0399-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-8153-0399-8">0-8153-0399-8</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+European+Powers+in+the+First+World+War%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=173&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-8153-0399-8&rft.aulast=Tucker&rft.aufirst=Spencer+C&rft.au=Wood%2C+Laura&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DEHI3PCjDtsUC%26pg%3DPA172%26dq%3DDirect%2Band%2BIndirect%2BCosts%2Bof%2Bthe%2BGreat%2BWorld%2BWar%26cd%3D5%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DDirect%2520and%2520Indirect%2520Costs%2520of%2520the%2520Great%2520World%2520War%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-79"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-79"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Broadberry, Stephen; Klein, Alexander (8 February 2008). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120622094503/http://www.cepr.org/meets/wkcn/1/1699/papers/Broadberry_Klein.pdf">"Aggregate and Per Capita GDP in Europe, 1870–2000: Continental, Regional and National Data with Changing Boundaries"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. Department of Economics at the University of Warwick, Coventry. p. 18. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cepr.org/meets/wkcn/1/1699/papers/Broadberry_Klein.pdf">the original</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN> on 22 June 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">24 May</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Aggregate+and+Per+Capita+GDP+in+Europe%2C+1870%E2%80%932000%3A+Continental%2C+Regional+and+National+Data+with+Changing+Boundaries&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Department+of+Economics+at+the+University+of+Warwick%2C+Coventry&rft.date=2008-02-08&rft.aulast=Broadberry&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.au=Klein%2C+Alexander&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cepr.org%2Fmeets%2Fwkcn%2F1%2F1699%2Fpapers%2FBroadberry_Klein.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-80"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-80"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161003230916/https://www.pbs.org/greatwar/resources/casdeath_pop.html">"WWI Casualty and Death Tables"</A>. PBS. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/greatwar/resources/casdeath_pop.html">the original</A> on 3 October 2016<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WWI+Casualty+and+Death+Tables&rft.pub=PBS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fgreatwar%2Fresources%2Fcasdeath_pop.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-81"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-81"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Mintchev, Veselin (October 1999). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130117012418/http://www.ceeol.com/aspx/getdocument.aspx?logid=5&id=473FBAEF-623D-4ADA-903A-17241B78BDDB">"External Migration in Bulgaria"</A>. <I>South-East Europe Review</I> (3/99): 124. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ceeol.com/aspx/getdocument.aspx?logid=5&id=473FBAEF-623D-4ADA-903A-17241B78BDDB">the original</A> on 17 January 2013<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">6 August</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South-East+Europe+Review&rft.atitle=External+Migration+in+Bulgaria&rft.issue=3%2F99&rft.pages=124&rft.date=1999-10&rft.aulast=Mintchev&rft.aufirst=Veselin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ceeol.com%2Faspx%2Fgetdocument.aspx%3Flogid%3D5%26id%3D473FBAEF-623D-4ADA-903A-17241B78BDDB&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-82"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-82"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Chenoweth, Erica (2010). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=JyD_AmGnu34C&pg=PA129&dq=bulgaria+refugees+economy#v=onepage&q=bulgaria%20refugees%20economy&f=false"><I>Rethinking Violence: States and Non-State Actors in Conflict</I></A>. Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. p. 129. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-262-01420-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-262-01420-5">978-0-262-01420-5</A>. <Q>Bulgaria, for example, had a net surplus of refugees and was faced with the daunting task of absorbing thousands of Bulgarian refugees from Greece over a relatively short period. While international loans from the Red Cross and other organizations helped to defray the substantial costs of accommodating surplus populations, it placed a strenuous financial burden on states that were still recovering from the war an experiencing economic downturn as well as political upheaval.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rethinking+Violence%3A+States+and+Non-State+Actors+in+Conflict&rft.pages=129&rft.pub=Belfer+Center+for+Science+and+International+Affairs&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-262-01420-5&rft.aulast=Chenoweth&rft.aufirst=Erica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DJyD_AmGnu34C%26pg%3DPA129%26dq%3Dbulgaria%2Brefugees%2Beconomy%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dbulgaria%2520refugees%2520economy%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBulgaria_in_World_War_II:_The_Passive_Alliance-83"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBulgaria_in_World_War_II:_The_Passive_Alliance_83-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFBulgaria_in_World_War_II:_The_Passive_Alliance">Bulgaria in World War II: The Passive Alliance</A>.</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWartime_Crisis-84"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWartime_Crisis_84-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFWartime_Crisis">Wartime Crisis</A>.</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-85"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-85"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Pavlowitch, Stevan K. (2008). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=R8d2409V9tEC&pg=PA239&dq=puppet++State+in+Macedonia++1944+mihailov"><I>Hitler's new disorder: the Second World War in Yugoslavia</I></A>. Columbia University Press. pp. 238–240. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-231-70050-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-231-70050-4">0-231-70050-4</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>. <Q>When Bulgaria switched sides in September...</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hitler%27s+new+disorder%3A+the+Second+World+War+in+Yugoslavia&rft.pages=238-240&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=0-231-70050-4&rft.aulast=Pavlowitch&rft.aufirst=Stevan+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DR8d2409V9tEC%26pg%3DPA239%26dq%3Dpuppet%2B%2BState%2Bin%2BMacedonia%2B%2B1944%2Bmihailov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_Soviet_Occupation-86"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_Soviet_Occupation_86-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_Soviet_Occupation_86-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFThe_Soviet_Occupation">The Soviet Occupation</A>.</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-87"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-87"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Crampton, R. J. (2005). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=Ylz4fe7757cC&pg=PA271&dq=referendum+bulgaria+1946#"><I>A concise history of Bulgaria</I></A>. Cambridge University Press. p. 271. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-61637-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-61637-9">0-521-61637-9</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+concise+history+of+Bulgaria&rft.pages=271&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-521-61637-9&rft.aulast=Crampton&rft.aufirst=R.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DYlz4fe7757cC%26pg%3DPA271%26dq%3Dreferendum%2Bbulgaria%2B1946%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-88"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-88"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Valentino, Benjamin A. (2005). <I>Final solutions: mass killing and genocide in the twentieth century</I>. Cornell University Press. pp. 91–151. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8014-3965-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8014-3965-0">978-0-8014-3965-0</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Final+solutions%3A+mass+killing+and+genocide+in+the+twentieth+century&rft.pages=91-151&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-8014-3965-0&rft.aulast=Valentino&rft.aufirst=Benjamin+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDomestic_Policy_and_Its_Results-89"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDomestic_Policy_and_Its_Results_89-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFDomestic_Policy_and_Its_Results">Domestic Policy and Its Results</A>Quote: "...real wages increased 75 percent, consumption of meat, fruit, and vegetables increased markedly, medical facilities and doctors became available to more of the population..."</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAfter_Stalin-90"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAfter_Stalin_90-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFAfter_Stalin">After Stalin</A>.</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_Economy-91"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_Economy_91-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFThe_Economy">The Economy</A>.</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-92"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-92"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Stephen Broadberry; Alexander Klein (27 October 2011). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130530083710/http://www.cepr.org/meets/wkcn/1/1699/papers/Broadberry_Klein.pdf">"Aggregate and per capita GDP in Europe, 1870–2000"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. pp. 23, 27. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cepr.org/meets/wkcn/1/1699/papers/Broadberry_Klein.pdf">the original</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN> on 30 May 2013<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">12 July</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Aggregate+and+per+capita+GDP+in+Europe%2C+1870%E2%80%932000&rft.pages=23%2C+27&rft.date=2011-10-27&rft.au=Stephen+Broadberry&rft.au=Alexander+Klein&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cepr.org%2Fmeets%2Fwkcn%2F1%2F1699%2Fpapers%2FBroadberry_Klein.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-93"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-93"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Vachkov, Daniel; Ivanov, Martin (2008). <I>Bulgarian Foreign Debt 1944–1989</I>. Siela. pp. 103, 153, 191. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789542803072" title="Special:BookSources/9789542803072">9789542803072</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bulgarian+Foreign+Debt+1944%E2%80%931989&rft.pages=103%2C+153%2C+191&rft.pub=Siela&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9789542803072&rft.aulast=Vachkov&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.au=Ivanov%2C+Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_Political_Atmosphere_in_the_1970s-94"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_Political_Atmosphere_in_the_1970s_94-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFThe_Political_Atmosphere_in_the_1970s">The Political Atmosphere in the 1970s</A>.</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBulgaria_in_the_1980s-95"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBulgaria_in_the_1980s_95-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFBulgaria_in_the_1980s">Bulgaria in the 1980s</A>.</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-96"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-96"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news">Bohlen, Celestine (17 October 1991). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/10/17/world/bulgaria-vote-gives-key-role-to-ethnic-turks.html">"Vote Gives Key Role to Ethnic Turks"</A>. <I><SPAN></SPAN></I><A href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</A><I><SPAN></SPAN></I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>. <Q>in 1980s ... the Communist leader, Todor Zhivkov, began a campaign of cultural assimilation that forced ethnic Turks to adopt Slavic names, closed their mosques and prayer houses and suppressed any attempts at protest. One result was the mass exodus of more than 300,000 ethnic Turks to neighboring Turkey in 1989</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%27%27The+New+York+Times%27%27&rft.atitle=Vote+Gives+Key+Role+to+Ethnic+Turks&rft.date=1991-10-17&rft.aulast=Bohlen&rft.aufirst=Celestine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F10%2F17%2Fworld%2Fbulgaria-vote-gives-key-role-to-ethnic-turks.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-97"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-97"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-bulgaria-muslims/cracks-show-in-bulgarias-muslim-ethnic-model-idUSTRE55001C20090601">"Cracks show in Bulgaria's Muslim ethnic model"</A>. Reuters. 31 May 2009<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">30 October</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cracks+show+in+Bulgaria%27s+Muslim+ethnic+model&rft.pub=Reuters&rft.date=2009-05-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-bulgaria-muslims%2Fcracks-show-in-bulgarias-muslim-ethnic-model-idUSTRE55001C20090601&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGovernment_and_Politics-98"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGovernment_and_Politics_98-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFGovernment_and_Politics">Government and Politics</A>.</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-99"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-99"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=117822">"Bulgarian Politicians Discuss First Democratic Elections 20y After"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 5 July 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgarian+Politicians+Discuss+First+Democratic+Elections+20y+After&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2010-07-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D117822&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-100"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-100"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news">Prodanov, Vasil (1 October 2007). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bg.mondediplo.com/article181.html">"The destructive Bulgarian transition"</A>. <I><SPAN></SPAN></I><A href="/wiki/Le_Monde_diplomatique" title="Le Monde diplomatique">Le Monde diplomatique</A><I><SPAN></SPAN></I> (in Bulgarian)<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%27%27Le+Monde+diplomatique%27%27&rft.atitle=The+destructive+Bulgarian+transition&rft.date=2007-10-01&rft.aulast=Prodanov&rft.aufirst=Vasil&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbg.mondediplo.com%2Farticle181.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-101"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-101"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2001/07/bulg-j24.html">"Ex-King Simeon II named new prime minister of Bulgaria"</A>. World Socialist Web Site. 24 July 2001<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ex-King+Simeon+II+named+new+prime+minister+of+Bulgaria&rft.pub=World+Socialist+Web+Site&rft.date=2001-07-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsws.org%2Fen%2Farticles%2F2001%2F07%2Fbulg-j24.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200616-102"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200616_102-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200616_102-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200616_102-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200616_102-3"><SUP><I><B>d</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFLibrary_of_Congress2006">Library of Congress 2006</A>, p. 16.</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-103"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-103"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110310193948/http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR05_complete.pdf">"Human Development Index Report"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. United Nations. 2005. p. 224. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR05_complete.pdf">the original</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN> on 10 March 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Human+Development+Index+Report&rft.pages=224&rft.pub=United+Nations&rft.date=2005&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fen%2Fmedia%2FHDR05_complete.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-nato-104"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-nato_104-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-nato_104-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nato.int/docu/update/2004/03-march/e0329a.htm">"NATO Update: Seven new members join NATO"</A>. NATO. 29 March 2004<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NATO+Update%3A+Seven+new+members+join+NATO&rft.pub=NATO&rft.date=2004-03-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nato.int%2Fdocu%2Fupdate%2F2004%2F03-march%2Fe0329a.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-VOA-105"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-VOA_105-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-VOA_105-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-2007-01-01-voa16-66512457/553263.htm">"Bulgaria, Romania Join European Union"</A>. Voice of America. 1 January 2007<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria%2C+Romania+Join+European+Union&rft.pub=Voice+of+America&rft.date=2007-01-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.voanews.com%2Fa%2Fa-13-2007-01-01-voa16-66512457%2F553263.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-106"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-106"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bta.bg/en/c/DF/id/1627764">"Bulgaria Absolutely Ready to Take Over EU Presidency, Minister Says"</A>. Bulgarian Telegraph Agency. 2 August 2017<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">21 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+Absolutely+Ready+to+Take+Over+EU+Presidency%2C+Minister+Says&rft.pub=Bulgarian+Telegraph+Agency&rft.date=2017-08-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bta.bg%2Fen%2Fc%2FDF%2Fid%2F1627764&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20064-107"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20064_107-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20064_107-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20064_107-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20064_107-3"><SUP><I><B>d</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20064_107-4"><SUP><I><B>e</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20064_107-5"><SUP><I><B>f</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFLibrary_of_Congress2006">Library of Congress 2006</A>, p. 4.</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-108"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-108"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2147rank.html?countryName=Bulgaria&countryCode=bu&regionCode=eur&rank=105#bu">"Country comparison: Area"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</A></I>. <A href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Country+comparison%3A+Area&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2147rank.html%3FcountryName%3DBulgaria%26countryCode%3Dbu%26regionCode%3Deur%26rank%3D105%23bu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook-109"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_109-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_109-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bu.html">"Bulgaria"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</A></I>. <A href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Bulgaria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fgeos%2Fbu.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETopography-110"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETopography_110-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFTopography">Topography</A>.</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-111"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-111"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Donchev, D. (2004). <I>Geography of Bulgaria</I> (in Bulgarian). Ciela. p. 68. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/954-649-717-7" title="Special:BookSources/954-649-717-7">954-649-717-7</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Geography+of+Bulgaria&rft.pages=68&rft.pub=Ciela&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=954-649-717-7&rft.aulast=Donchev&rft.aufirst=D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-112"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-112"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150317023858/http://www.meteorologyclimate.com/extreme-temperature-records.htm">"Extreme temperature records worldwide"</A>. MeteorologyClimate. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.meteorologyclimate.com/extreme-temperature-records.htm">the original</A> on 17 March 2015<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Extreme+temperature+records+worldwide&rft.pub=MeteorologyClimate&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.meteorologyclimate.com%2Fextreme-temperature-records.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClimate-113"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClimate_113-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFClimate">Climate</A>.</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-biodiversity-114"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-biodiversity_114-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flora.biodiversity.bg/bg_flora_fr.htm">"Характеристика на флората и растителността на България"</A>. Bulgarian-Swiss program by biodiversity<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">21 March</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%B8+%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&rft.pub=Bulgarian-Swiss+program+by+biodiversity&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flora.biodiversity.bg%2Fbg_flora_fr.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-diversity_of_flora_and_fauna-115"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-diversity_of_flora_and_fauna_115-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unesco-bg.org/file_store/2._bogatstvobr_25.1.10.pdf">"Видово разнообразие на България"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN> (in Bulgarian). UNESCO report. 2013<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">30 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&rft.pub=UNESCO+report&rft.date=2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Funesco-bg.org%2Ffile_store%2F2._bogatstvobr_25.1.10.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Brochure201829-116"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Brochure201829_116-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFNSI_Brochure2018">NSI Brochure 2018</A>, p. 29.</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-117"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-117"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gorabg-magazine.info/bg/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=14&showall=1">"The future of Bulgaria's natural parks and their administrations"</A>. Gora Magazine. June 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+future+of+Bulgaria%27s+natural+parks+and+their+administrations&rft.pub=Gora+Magazine&rft.date=2010-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gorabg-magazine.info%2Fbg%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D14%26showall%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-118"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-118"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environment/ecological-sciences/biosphere-reserves/europe-north-america/">"Europe & North America: 297 biosphere reserves in 36 countries"</A>. <A href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 April</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Europe+%26+North+America%3A+297+biosphere+reserves+in+36+countries&rft.pub=UNESCO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unesco.org%2Fnew%2Fen%2Fnatural-sciences%2Fenvironment%2Fecological-sciences%2Fbiosphere-reserves%2Feurope-north-america%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-119"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-119"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.un.org/en/iso/bg.html">"Bulgaria – Environmental Summary, UNData, United Nations"</A>. United Nations<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+Environmental+Summary%2C+UNData%2C+United+Nations&rft.pub=United+Nations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.un.org%2Fen%2Fiso%2Fbg.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-120"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-120"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120123102516/http://www.sz.government.bg/pressmsg.php?id=1776">"<SPAN style="padding-left:0.2em;">"</SPAN>The living eternity" tells about the century-old oak in the village of Granit"</A> (in Bulgarian). Stara Zagora Local Government. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sz.government.bg/pressmsg.php?id=1776">the original</A> on 23 January 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22The+living+eternity%22+tells+about+the+century-old+oak+in+the+village+of+Granit&rft.pub=Stara+Zagora+Local+Government&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sz.government.bg%2Fpressmsg.php%3Fid%3D1776&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-EB_Bio-121"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-EB_Bio_121-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-EB_Bio_121-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Bulgaria#ref42692">"Bulgaria: Plant and animal life"</A>. Encyclopædia Britannica<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria%3A+Plant+and+animal+life&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FBulgaria%23ref42692&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-122"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-122"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flora.biodiversity.bg/bg_flora_fr.htm">"Characteristics of the flora and vegetation in Bulgaria"</A>. Bulgarian-Swiss Foundation for the Protection of Biodiversity<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Characteristics+of+the+flora+and+vegetation+in+Bulgaria&rft.pub=Bulgarian-Swiss+Foundation+for+the+Protection+of+Biodiversity&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flora.biodiversity.bg%2Fbg_flora_fr.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN> (in Bulgarian)</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-123"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-123"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Denchev, C. & Assyov, B. Checklist of the larger basidiomycetes ın Bulgaria. Mycotaxon 111: 279–282 (2010).</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Brochure20183-124"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Brochure20183_124-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFNSI_Brochure2018">NSI Brochure 2018</A>, p. 3.</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-125"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-125"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160430050257/http://enrin.grida.no/biodiv/biodiv/national/bulgaria/index.htm">"Biodiversity in Bulgaria"</A>. GRID-Arendal. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://enrin.grida.no/biodiv/biodiv/national/bulgaria/index.htm">the original</A> on 30 April 2016<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">21 March</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Biodiversity+in+Bulgaria&rft.pub=GRID-Arendal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenrin.grida.no%2Fbiodiv%2Fbiodiv%2Fnational%2Fbulgaria%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-126"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-126"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eea.europa.eu/soer/countries/bg/soertopic_view?topic=biodiversity">"Report on European Environment Agency about the Nature protection and biodiversity in Europe"</A>. European Environment Agency<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">21 March</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Report+on+European+Environment+Agency+about+the+Nature+protection+and+biodiversity+in+Europe&rft.pub=European+Environment+Agency&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eea.europa.eu%2Fsoer%2Fcountries%2Fbg%2Fsoertopic_view%3Ftopic%3Dbiodiversity&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-127"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-127"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XXVII-7-a&chapter=27&clang=_en">"7. a Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change"</A>. United Nations Treaty Collection<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 April</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=7.+a+Kyoto+Protocol+to+the+United+Nations+Framework+Convention+on+Climate+Change&rft.pub=United+Nations+Treaty+Collection&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftreaties.un.org%2FPages%2FViewDetails.aspx%3Fsrc%3DTREATY%26mtdsg_no%3DXXVII-7-a%26chapter%3D27%26clang%3D_en&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-128"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-128"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=106682">"Bulgaria Achieves Kyoto Protocol Targets – IWR Report"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 11 August 2009<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+Achieves+Kyoto+Protocol+Targets+%E2%80%93+IWR+Report&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2009-08-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D106682&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-129"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-129"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Kanev, Petar (2009). "Bulgaria from space: Logging, concrete and hope". <I>*8* Magazine</I> (in Bulgarian) (2/09).</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%2A8%2A+Magazine&rft.atitle=Bulgaria+from+space%3A+Logging%2C+concrete+and+hope&rft.issue=2%2F09&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Kanev&rft.aufirst=Petar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-130"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-130"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news">Hakim, Danny (15 October 2013). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/15/business/international/bulgarias-air-is-dirtiest-in-europe-study-finds-followed-by-poland.html?hp&_r=0">"Bulgaria's Air Is Dirtiest in Europe, Study Finds, Followed by Poland"</A>. <I><SPAN></SPAN></I><A href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</A><I><SPAN></SPAN></I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">15 October</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%27%27The+New+York+Times%27%27&rft.atitle=Bulgaria%E2%80%99s+Air+Is+Dirtiest+in+Europe%2C+Study+Finds%2C+Followed+by+Poland&rft.date=2013-10-15&rft.aulast=Hakim&rft.aufirst=Danny&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F10%2F15%2Fbusiness%2Finternational%2Fbulgarias-air-is-dirtiest-in-europe-study-finds-followed-by-poland.html%3Fhp%26_r%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-131"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-131"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=89367">"High Air Pollution to Close Downtown Sofia"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 14 January 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=High+Air+Pollution+to+Close+Downtown+Sofia&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2008-01-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D89367&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-132"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-132"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=117439">"Bulgaria's Sofia, Plovdiv Suffer Worst Air Pollution in Europe"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 23 June 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria%27s+Sofia%2C+Plovdiv+Suffer+Worst+Air+Pollution+in+Europe&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2010-06-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D117439&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-EEA-133"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-EEA_133-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/daviz/industrial-facilities-causing-the-highest-damage#tab-daviz-tabular">"Industrial facilities causing the highest damage costs to health and the environment"</A>. European Environment Agency<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">25 November</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Industrial+facilities+causing+the+highest+damage+costs+to+health+and+the+environment&rft.pub=European+Environment+Agency&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eea.europa.eu%2Fdata-and-maps%2Fdaviz%2Findustrial-facilities-causing-the-highest-damage%23tab-daviz-tabular&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-ESI-134"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-ESI_134-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.esiweb.org/index.php?lang=en&id=379">"Bulgaria's quest to meet the environmental acquis"</A>. European Stability Initiative. 10 December 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria%27s+quest+to+meet+the+environmental+acquis&rft.pub=European+Stability+Initiative&rft.date=2008-12-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.esiweb.org%2Findex.php%3Flang%3Den%26id%3D379&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-135"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-135"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eea.europa.eu/soer/countries/bg/soertopic_view?topic=freshwater">"Report on European Environment Agency about the quality of freshwaters in Europe"</A>. European Environment Agency<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">21 March</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Report+on+European+Environment+Agency+about+the+quality+of+freshwaters+in+Europe&rft.pub=European+Environment+Agency&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eea.europa.eu%2Fsoer%2Fcountries%2Fbg%2Fsoertopic_view%3Ftopic%3Dfreshwater&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-136"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-136"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.is/20120505092852/http://epi.yale.edu/epi2012/rankings">"2012 Environmental Performance Index"</A>. <A href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epi.yale.edu/epi2012/rankings">the original</A> on 5 May 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">21 June</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2012+Environmental+Performance+Index&rft.pub=Yale+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fepi.yale.edu%2Fepi2012%2Frankings&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-DD-Navi-137"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-DD-Navi_137-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140116183501/http://direct-democracy-navigator.org/countries/bulgaria/legal_designs">"Overview of direct democratic instruments in Bulgaria"</A>. Navigator to Direct Democracy. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://direct-democracy-navigator.org/countries/bulgaria/legal_designs">the original</A> on 16 January 2014<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">25 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Overview+of+direct+democratic+instruments+in+Bulgaria&rft.pub=Navigator+to+Direct+Democracy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdirect-democracy-navigator.org%2Fcountries%2Fbulgaria%2Flegal_designs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200617-138"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200617_138-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200617_138-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200617_138-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFLibrary_of_Congress2006">Library of Congress 2006</A>, p. 17.</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-139"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-139"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSFit981123">"Fitch: Early Bulgaria Elections Would Create Fiscal Uncertainty"</A>. Reuters. 23 November 2016<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">9 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fitch%3A+Early+Bulgaria+Elections+Would+Create+Fiscal+Uncertainty&rft.pub=Reuters&rft.date=2016-11-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FidUSFit981123&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-WP1-140"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-WP1_140-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-WP1_140-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2017/04/25/bulgarias-government-will-include-nationalist-parties-on-the-far-right-heres-why-and-what-this-means/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.dca9c0cd01db">"Bulgaria's government will include far-right nationalist parties for the first time"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</A></I>. 25 April 2017<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">9 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria%E2%80%99s+government+will+include+far-right+nationalist+parties+for+the+first+time&rft.pub=%27%27The+Washington+Post%27%27&rft.date=2017-04-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Fmonkey-cage%2Fwp%2F2017%2F04%2F25%2Fbulgarias-government-will-include-nationalist-parties-on-the-far-right-heres-why-and-what-this-means%2F%3Fnoredirect%3Don%26utm_term%3D.dca9c0cd01db&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-141"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-141"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130726205035/http://www.businessweek.com/news/2012-04-06/bulgarian-cabinet-faces-no-confidence-vote-over-atomic-plant">"Bulgarian Cabinet Faces No-Confidence Vote Over Atomic Plant"</A>. <I><SPAN></SPAN></I><A href="/wiki/Bloomberg_Businessweek" title="Bloomberg Businessweek">Bloomberg Businessweek</A><I><SPAN></SPAN></I>. 6 April 2012. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessweek.com/news/2012-04-06/bulgarian-cabinet-faces-no-confidence-vote-over-atomic-plant">the original</A> on 26 July 2013<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">1 June</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%27%27Bloomberg+Businessweek%27%27&rft.atitle=Bulgarian+Cabinet+Faces+No-Confidence+Vote+Over+Atomic+Plant&rft.date=2012-04-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessweek.com%2Fnews%2F2012-04-06%2Fbulgarian-cabinet-faces-no-confidence-vote-over-atomic-plant&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-142"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-142"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130308142025/http://news.yahoo.com/bulgaria-government-resigns-national-protests-073220738.html?.b=index&.cf3=World+News&.cf4=1&.cf5=Reuters&.cf6=%2F">"Bulgarian government resigns amid growing protests"</A>. Yahoo! News. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.yahoo.com/bulgaria-government-resigns-national-protests-073220738.html?.b=index&.cf3=World+News&.cf4=1&.cf5=Reuters&.cf6=/">the original</A> on 8 March 2013<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 February</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgarian+government+resigns+amid+growing+protests&rft.pub=Yahoo%21+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.yahoo.com%2Fbulgaria-government-resigns-national-protests-073220738.html%3F.b%3Dindex%26.cf3%3DWorld%2BNews%26.cf4%3D1%26.cf5%3DReuters%26.cf6%3D%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-143"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-143"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2013/02/201322163943882279.html">"Protests in Bulgaria and the new practice of democracy"</A>. <I>Al Jazeera</I>. 21 February 2013<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">16 May</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Protests+in+Bulgaria+and+the+new+practice+of+democracy&rft.pub=%27%27Al+Jazeera%27%27&rft.date=2013-02-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Findepth%2Fopinion%2F2013%2F02%2F201322163943882279.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-144"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-144"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2013/02/201322163943882279.html">"Protests in Bulgaria and the new practice of democracy"</A>. <I>Al Jazeera</I>. 21 February 2013<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">7 March</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Protests+in+Bulgaria+and+the+new+practice+of+democracy&rft.pub=%27%27Al+Jazeera%27%27&rft.date=2013-02-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Findepth%2Fopinion%2F2013%2F02%2F201322163943882279.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-145"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-145"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/05/12/us-bulgaria-election-idUSBRE94A09920130512">"Rightist GERB holds lead in Bulgaria's election"</A>. Reuters. 12 May 2013<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">15 May</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rightist+GERB+holds+lead+in+Bulgaria%27s+election&rft.pub=Reuters&rft.date=2013-05-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2F2013%2F05%2F12%2Fus-bulgaria-election-idUSBRE94A09920130512&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-form-146"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-form_146-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=150686">"PM Hopeful: New Bulgarian Cabinet Will Be 'Expert, Pragmatic<SPAN style="padding-right:0.2em;">'</SPAN>"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 25 May 2013<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">12 March</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PM+Hopeful%3A+New+Bulgarian+Cabinet+Will+Be+%27Expert%2C+Pragmatic%27&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2013-05-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D150686&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-147"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-147"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news">Buckley, Neil (29 May 2013). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/fc0873ba-c7b2-11e2-9c52-00144feab7de">"Bulgaria parliament votes for a 'Mario Monti' to lead government"</A>. <I>The Financial Times</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Bulgaria+parliament+votes+for+a+%27Mario+Monti%27+to+lead+government&rft.date=2013-05-29&rft.aulast=Buckley&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2Ffc0873ba-c7b2-11e2-9c52-00144feab7de&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-148"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-148"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Seiler Bistra; Emiliyan Lilov (26 June 2013). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/bulgarians-protest-government-of-oligarchs/a-16909751">"Bulgarians protest government of 'oligarchs<SPAN style="padding-right:0.2em;">'</SPAN>"</A>. <I>Deutsche Welle</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Bulgarians+protest+government+of+%27oligarchs%27&rft.date=2013-06-26&rft.au=Seiler+Bistra&rft.au=Emiliyan+Lilov&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fbulgarians-protest-government-of-oligarchs%2Fa-16909751&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-149"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-149"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.novinite.com/articles/162221/Timeline+of+Oresharski%27s+Cabinet%3A+A+Government+in+Constant+Jeopardy">"Timeline of Oresharski's Cabinet: A Government in Constant Jeopardy"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 24 July 2014<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">29 July</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Timeline+of+Oresharski%27s+Cabinet%3A+A+Government+in+Constant+Jeopardy&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2014-07-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Farticles%2F162221%2FTimeline%2Bof%2BOresharski%2527s%2BCabinet%253A%2BA%2BGovernment%2Bin%2BConstant%2BJeopardy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-150"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-150"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.novinite.com/articles/162217/Bulgaria%27s+PM+Plamen+Oresharski+Resigns%7Ctitle=Bulgaria's%20PM%20Plamen%20Oresharski%20Resigns">"Bulgaria's Plamen Oresharski resigns"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 23 July 2014<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">25 July</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria%27s+Plamen+Oresharski+resigns&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2014-07-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Farticles%2F162217%2FBulgaria%2527s%2BPM%2BPlamen%2BOresharski%2BResigns%257Ctitle%3DBulgaria%27s%2520PM%2520Plamen%2520Oresharski%2520Resigns&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-151"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-151"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinite.com/articles/162494/Bulgaria's+President+Names+Georgi+Bliznashki+as+Prime+Minister">"Bulgaria's President Names Georgi Bliznashki as Prime Minister"</A>. Novinite. 5 August 2014<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">7 April</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria%27s+President+Names+Georgi+Bliznashki+as+Prime+Minister&rft.pub=Novinite&rft.date=2014-08-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Farticles%2F162494%2FBulgaria%27s%2BPresident%2BNames%2BGeorgi%2BBliznashki%2Bas%2BPrime%2BMinister&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-Sofia_News_Agency-152"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Sofia_News_Agency_152-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.novinite.com/articles/162542/Bulgaria%27s+42nd+Parliament+Dissolved%2C+Elections+on+October+5">"Bulgaria's 42nd Parliament Dissolved, Elections on October 5"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 6 August 2014<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">9 August</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria%27s+42nd+Parliament+Dissolved%2C+Elections+on+October+5&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2014-08-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Farticles%2F162542%2FBulgaria%2527s%2B42nd%2BParliament%2BDissolved%252C%2BElections%2Bon%2BOctober%2B5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-153"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-153"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinite.com/articles/163898/Bulgaria%27s+Grand+Parliament+Chessboard+Might+Be+Both+Ailment+and+Cure">"Bulgaria's Grand Parliament Chessboard Might Be Both Ailment and Cure"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 6 October 2014<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">7 October</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria%27s+Grand+Parliament+Chessboard+Might+Be+Both+Ailment+and+Cure&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2014-10-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Farticles%2F163898%2FBulgaria%2527s%2BGrand%2BParliament%2BChessboard%2BMight%2BBe%2BBoth%2BAilment%2Band%2BCure&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-154"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-154"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-bulgaria-government-idUSKBN0IQ1ID20141106">"Bulgaria's Borisov plasters together coalition government"</A>. Reuters. 6 November 2014<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria%27s+Borisov+plasters+together+coalition+government&rft.pub=Reuters&rft.date=2014-11-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-bulgaria-government-idUSKBN0IQ1ID20141106&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-FH-155"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-FH_155-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-FH_155-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://freedomhouse.org/report/nations-transit/2018/bulgaria">"Bulgaria Country Profile"</A>. Freedom House<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">24 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+Country+Profile&rft.pub=Freedom+House&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffreedomhouse.org%2Freport%2Fnations-transit%2F2018%2Fbulgaria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-156"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-156"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eiu.com/public/topical_report.aspx?campaignid=DemocracyIndex2017">"Democracy Index 2017: Free speech under attack"</A>. The Economist Intelligence Unit<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">24 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Democracy+Index+2017%3A+Free+speech+under+attack&rft.pub=The+Economist+Intelligence+Unit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eiu.com%2Fpublic%2Ftopical_report.aspx%3Fcampaignid%3DDemocracyIndex2017&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-157"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-157"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nyulawglobal.org/globalex/Bulgaria.html">"The Bulgarian Legal System and Legal Research"</A>. Hauser Global Law School Program. August 2006<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Bulgarian+Legal+System+and+Legal+Research&rft.pub=Hauser+Global+Law+School+Program&rft.date=2006-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nyulawglobal.org%2Fglobalex%2FBulgaria.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-SG1-158"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-SG1_158-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-SG1_158-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sofiaglobe.com/2018/04/21/us-state-dept-criticises-bulgaria-on-prisons-judiciary-corruption-people-trafficking-and-violence-against-minorities/">"US State Dept criticises Bulgaria on prisons, judiciary, corruption, people-trafficking and violence against minorities"</A>. <I>The Sofia Globe</I>. 21 April 2018<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">9 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=US+State+Dept+criticises+Bulgaria+on+prisons%2C+judiciary%2C+corruption%2C+people-trafficking+and+violence+against+minorities&rft.pub=%27%27The+Sofia+Globe%27%27&rft.date=2018-04-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsofiaglobe.com%2F2018%2F04%2F21%2Fus-state-dept-criticises-bulgaria-on-prisons-judiciary-corruption-people-trafficking-and-violence-against-minorities%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-159"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-159"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.bg/crime/sadebnata-ni-sistema-parvenets-po-koruptsiya.html">"Our justice system - a leader in corruption"</A> (in Bulgarian). News.bg. 3 June 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Our+justice+system+-+a+leader+in+corruption&rft.pub=News.bg&rft.date=2010-06-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.bg%2Fcrime%2Fsadebnata-ni-sistema-parvenets-po-koruptsiya.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-160"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-160"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news">Brunwasser, Matthew (5 November 2006). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/05/world/europe/05iht-bulgaria.3792672.html?_r=1">"Questions arise again about Bulgaria's legal system"</A>. <I><SPAN></SPAN></I><A href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</A><I><SPAN></SPAN></I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%27%27The+New+York+Times%27%27&rft.atitle=Questions+arise+again+about+Bulgaria%27s+legal+system&rft.date=2006-11-05&rft.aulast=Brunwasser&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2006%2F12%2F05%2Fworld%2Feurope%2F05iht-bulgaria.3792672.html%3F_r%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-161"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-161"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121101112317/http://bnr.bg/sites/en/News_eng/Pages/en0112_B2.aspx">"Transparency International report: Bulgaria perceived as EU's most corrupt country"</A>. Bulgarian National Radio. 1 December 2012. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bnr.bg/sites/en/News_eng/Pages/en0112_B2.aspx">the original</A> on 1 November 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">23 May</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Transparency+International+report%3A+Bulgaria+perceived+as+EU%27s+most+corrupt+country&rft.pub=Bulgarian+National+Radio&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbnr.bg%2Fsites%2Fen%2FNews_eng%2FPages%2Fen0112_B2.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-162"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-162"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2011-02-17/bulgaria-sets-up-anti-corruption-unit-security-chief-steps-down">"Bulgaria Sets Up Anti-Corruption Unit; Security Chief Steps Down"</A>. Bloomberg. 17 February 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+Sets+Up+Anti-Corruption+Unit%3B+Security+Chief+Steps+Down&rft.pub=Bloomberg&rft.date=2011-02-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2011-02-17%2Fbulgaria-sets-up-anti-corruption-unit-security-chief-steps-down&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-163"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-163"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.interpol.int/Member-countries/Europe/Bulgaria">"Interpol entry on Bulgaria"</A>. Interpol<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Interpol+entry+on+Bulgaria&rft.pub=Interpol&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.interpol.int%2FMember-countries%2FEurope%2FBulgaria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-164"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-164"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121003054128/http://www.mvr.bg/en/AboutUs/StructuralUnits/National+MoI+Services/Police/default.htm">"National Police Service"</A>. Ministry of the Interior of Bulgaria. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mvr.bg/en/AboutUs/StructuralUnits/National+MoI+Services/Police/default.htm">the original</A> on 3 October 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">25 May</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Police+Service&rft.pub=Ministry+of+the+Interior+of+Bulgaria&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mvr.bg%2Fen%2FAboutUs%2FStructuralUnits%2FNational%2BMoI%2BServices%2FPolice%2Fdefault.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-165"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-165"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mvr.bg/docs/default-source/structura/vak_31_05_2018.pdf?sfvrsn=513e949_6">"Summary of staff and vacancies in structures of the Ministry of the Interior"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN> (in Bulgarian). Ministry of the Interior. 31 May 2018<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">10 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Summary+of+staff+and+vacancies+in+structures+of+the+Ministry+of+the+Interior&rft.pub=Ministry+of+the+Interior&rft.date=2018-05-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mvr.bg%2Fdocs%2Fdefault-source%2Fstructura%2Fvak_31_05_2018.pdf%3Fsfvrsn%3D513e949_6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Brochure201827-166"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Brochure201827_166-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFNSI_Brochure2018">NSI Brochure 2018</A>, p. 27.</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-167"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-167"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dans.bg/">"State Agency for National Security Official Website"</A>. State Agency for National Security<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=State+Agency+for+National+Security+Official+Website&rft.pub=State+Agency+for+National+Security&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dans.bg%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-168"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-168"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120604090547/http://www.ccre.org/en/membres/Bulgarie.htm">"LOCAL STRUCTURES IN BULGARIA"</A>. Council of European Municipalities and Regions. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccre.org/en/membres/Bulgarie.htm">the original</A> on 4 June 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">11 April</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=LOCAL+STRUCTURES+IN+BULGARIA&rft.pub=Council+of+European+Municipalities+and+Regions&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ccre.org%2Fen%2Fmembres%2FBulgarie.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-169"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-169"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140202100126/http://www.mrrb.government.bg/index.php?controller=articles&id=4216">"Historical development of the administrative and territorial division of the Republic of Bulgaria"</A> (in Bulgarian). Ministry of Regional Development. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mrrb.government.bg/index.php?controller=articles&id=4216">the original</A> on 2 February 2014<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Historical+development+of+the+administrative+and+territorial+division+of+the+Republic+of+Bulgaria&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Regional+Development&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mrrb.government.bg%2Findex.php%3Fcontroller%3Darticles%26id%3D4216&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-170"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-170"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120619040835/http://www.mrrb.government.bg/index.php?lang=bg&do=atums&type=71&id=13">"The oblasts in Bulgaria. Portraits"</A>. Ministry of Regional Development. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mrrb.government.bg/index.php?lang=bg&do=atums&type=71&id=13">the original</A> on 19 June 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+oblasts+in+Bulgaria.+Portraits&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Regional+Development&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mrrb.government.bg%2Findex.php%3Flang%3Dbg%26do%3Datums%26type%3D71%26id%3D13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-171"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-171"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thegreenpapers.com/ww/UNSecurityCouncil.phtml">"The United Nations Security Council"</A>. The Green Papers Worldwide<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+United+Nations+Security+Council&rft.pub=The+Green+Papers+Worldwide&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegreenpapers.com%2Fww%2FUNSecurityCouncil.phtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-172"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-172"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dnes.bg/obshtestvo/2008/08/15/bai-toshoviiat-blian-bylgariia-v-es-prez-039-87.55776">"Todor Zhivkov's dream – Bulgaria in the EC in '87"</A> (in Bulgarian). Dnes.bg. 15 August 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Todor+Zhivkov%27s+dream+%E2%80%93+Bulgaria+in+the+EC+in+%2787&rft.pub=Dnes.bg&rft.date=2008-08-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnes.bg%2Fobshtestvo%2F2008%2F08%2F15%2Fbai-toshoviiat-blian-bylgariia-v-es-prez-039-87.55776&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-173"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-173"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120620023219/http://www.vsekiden.com/37787/%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9-%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BE-%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BB-%D0%B4%D0%B0-%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0-%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%B2-%D0%B5%D1%81/">"Todor Zhivkov was thinking of joining Bulgaria to the EC"</A>. Vsekiden. 3 September 2008. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vsekiden.com/37787/%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9-%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BE-%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BB-%D0%B4%D0%B0-%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0-%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%B2-%D0%B5%D1%81/">the original</A> on 20 June 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Todor+Zhivkov+was+thinking+of+joining+Bulgaria+to+the+EC&rft.pub=Vsekiden&rft.date=2008-09-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vsekiden.com%2F37787%2F%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B9-%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D1%2588%25D0%25BE-%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BB-%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0-%25D0%25B2%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0-%25D0%25B1%25D1%258A%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B3%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F-%25D0%25B2-%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-174"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-174"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vesti.bg/novini/prez-1988-g.-komunisticheskiiat-lider-veche-iskal-ne-prosto-reforma-na-socializma-a-smiana-na-sistemata-1230064">"<SPAN style="padding-left:0.2em;">"</SPAN>Deutsche Welle": Todor Zhivkov wanted Bulgaria to join the EC"</A>. <I>Vesti</I> (in Bulgarian). 3 September 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vesti&rft.atitle=%22Deutsche+Welle%22%3A+Todor+Zhivkov+wanted+Bulgaria+to+join+the+EC&rft.date=2008-09-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vesti.bg%2Fnovini%2Fprez-1988-g.-komunisticheskiiat-lider-veche-iskal-ne-prosto-reforma-na-socializma-a-smiana-na-sistemata-1230064&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-ec-175"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-ec_175-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110219145342/http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/archives/enlargement_process/future_prospects/negotiations/eu10_bulgaria_romania/treaty_2005_en.htm">"European Commission Enlargement Archives: Treaty of Accession of Bulgaria and Romania"</A>. European Commission. 25 April 2005. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/archives/enlargement_process/future_prospects/negotiations/eu10_bulgaria_romania/treaty_2005_en.htm">the original</A> on 19 February 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=European+Commission+Enlargement+Archives%3A+Treaty+of+Accession+of+Bulgaria+and+Romania&rft.pub=European+Commission&rft.date=2005-04-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Fenlargement%2Farchives%2Fenlargement_process%2Ffuture_prospects%2Fnegotiations%2Feu10_bulgaria_romania%2Ftreaty_2005_en.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-176"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-176"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120205023232/http://www2.mfa.gr/www.mfa.gr/en-US/Policy/Geographic+Regions/South-Eastern+Europe/Balkans/Bilateral+Relations/Bulgaria/">"Bulgaria – relations"</A>. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Greece. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.mfa.gr/www.mfa.gr/en-US/Policy/Geographic+Regions/South-Eastern+Europe/Balkans/Bilateral+Relations/Bulgaria/">the original</A> on 5 February 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">31 March</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+relations&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs+of+Greece&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.mfa.gr%2Fwww.mfa.gr%2Fen-US%2FPolicy%2FGeographic%2BRegions%2FSouth-Eastern%2BEurope%2FBalkans%2FBilateral%2BRelations%2FBulgaria%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-177"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-177"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130726144918/http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/wjb/zzjg/xos/gjlb/3150/">"Bulgaria – Bilateral Relations"</A>. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the PRC. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/wjb/zzjg/xos/gjlb/3150/">the original</A> on 26 July 2013<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+Bilateral+Relations&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs+of+the+PRC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fmprc.gov.cn%2Feng%2Fwjb%2Fzzjg%2Fxos%2Fgjlb%2F3150%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-178"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-178"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=121248">"Vietnam Thanks Bulgaria for University Graduates"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 28 October 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">31 March</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vietnam+Thanks+Bulgaria+for+University+Graduates&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2010-10-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D121248&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-179"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-179"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-britain-russia-bulgaria/old-ties-with-russia-weigh-on-bulgarian-decision-in-spy-poisoning-case-idUSKBN1H52BR">"Old ties with Russia weigh on Bulgarian decision in spy poisoning case"</A>. Reuters. 29 March 2018<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">21 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Old+ties+with+Russia+weigh+on+Bulgarian+decision+in+spy+poisoning+case&rft.pub=Reuters&rft.date=2018-03-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-britain-russia-bulgaria%2Fold-ties-with-russia-weigh-on-bulgarian-decision-in-spy-poisoning-case-idUSKBN1H52BR&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-180"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-180"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/04/world/europe/bulgaria-trump-russia-putin.html">"Bulgaria Grows Uneasy as Trump Complicates Its Ties to Russia"</A>. <I>The New York Times</I>. 4 February 2017<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">21 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>. <Q>For many reasons, including economic necessity, a common culture and deep historical ties...</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+Grows+Uneasy+as+Trump+Complicates+Its+Ties+to+Russia&rft.pub=%27%27The+New+York+Times%27%27&rft.date=2017-02-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F02%2F04%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fbulgaria-trump-russia-putin.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-181"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-181"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/bulgaria-torn-between-russia-and-the-west/a-44027331">"Bulgaria torn between Russia and the West"</A>. Deutsche Welle. 31 May 2018<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">21 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+torn+between+Russia+and+the+West&rft.pub=Deutsche+Welle&rft.date=2018-05-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fbulgaria-torn-between-russia-and-the-west%2Fa-44027331&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-182"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-182"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/europe/bg-forrel-ru.htm">"Bulgaria - Russia Relations"</A>. GlobalSecurity<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">21 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+-+Russia+Relations&rft.pub=GlobalSecurity&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.globalsecurity.org%2Fmilitary%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fbg-forrel-ru.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEArms_Sales-183"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArms_Sales_183-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFArms_Sales">Arms Sales</A>.</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEForeign_Affairs_in_the_1960s_and_1970s-184"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEForeign_Affairs_in_the_1960s_and_1970s_184-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFForeign_Affairs_in_the_1960s_and_1970s">Foreign Affairs in the 1960s and 1970s</A>.</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-State-185"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-State_185-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3236.htm">"Bulgaria Factbook"</A>. Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs, U.S. Department of State<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+Factbook&rft.pub=Bureau+of+European+and+Eurasian+Affairs%2C+U.S.+Department+of+State&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.gov%2Fr%2Fpa%2Fei%2Fbgn%2F3236.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-186"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-186"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110125201923/http://setimes.com/cocoon/setimes/xhtml/en_GB/features/setimes/features/2006/04/28/feature-01">"US, Bulgaria sign defence co-operation agreement"</A>. <I>Southeast European Times</I>. 28 April 2006. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.setimes.com/cocoon/setimes/xhtml/en_GB/features/setimes/features/2006/04/28/feature-01">the original</A> on 25 January 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=US%2C+Bulgaria+sign+defence+co-operation+agreement&rft.pub=%27%27Southeast+European+Times%27%27&rft.date=2006-04-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.setimes.com%2Fcocoon%2Fsetimes%2Fxhtml%2Fen_GB%2Ffeatures%2Fsetimes%2Ffeatures%2F2006%2F04%2F28%2Ffeature-01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-AF_plan-187"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-AF_plan_187-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mod.bg/en/doc/misc/20110207_AFDP_ENG.pdf">"Armed Forces Development Plan"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. Ministry of Defence of Bulgaria. 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">31 March</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Armed+Forces+Development+Plan&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Defence+of+Bulgaria&rft.date=2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mod.bg%2Fen%2Fdoc%2Fmisc%2F20110207_AFDP_ENG.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMilitary_Personnel-188"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMilitary_Personnel_188-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFMilitary_Personnel">Military Personnel</A>.</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-189"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-189"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Hackett, James, ed. (2017). <I>The Military Balance 2017</I>. <A href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</A>. p. 96. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1857439007" title="Special:BookSources/978-1857439007">978-1857439007</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Military+Balance+2017&rft.pages=96&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1857439007&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-190"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-190"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.defence24.com/bulgaria-will-modernize-its-army-fighters-infantry-fighting-vehicles">"Bulgaria Will Modernize Its Army. "Fighters, infantry fighting vehicles<SPAN style="padding-right:0.2em;">"</SPAN>"</A>. Defence24. 6 October 2015<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">21 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+Will+Modernize+Its+Army.+%E2%80%9CFighters%2C+infantry+fighting+vehicles%E2%80%9D&rft.pub=Defence24&rft.date=2015-10-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.defence24.com%2Fbulgaria-will-modernize-its-army-fighters-infantry-fighting-vehicles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-191"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-191"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviationweek.com/site-files/aviationweek.com/files/uploads/2015/07/asd_08_06_2015_dossier.pdf">"S-300 Surface-to-air Missile System"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. Aerospace Daily & Defense Report. 6 August 2015<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">21 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=S-300+Surface-to-air+Missile+System&rft.pub=Aerospace+Daily+%26+Defense+Report&rft.date=2015-08-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faviationweek.com%2Fsite-files%2Faviationweek.com%2Ffiles%2Fuploads%2F2015%2F07%2Fasd_08_06_2015_dossier.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-192"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-192"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nationalinterest.org/blog/ss-21-scarab-russias-forgotten-deadly-ballistic-missile-17679?page=0%2C1">"SS-21 Scarab: Russia's Forgotten (But Deadly) Ballistic Missile"</A>. <I>The National Interest</I>. 12 September 2016<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">21 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SS-21+Scarab%3A+Russia%27s+Forgotten+%28But+Deadly%29+Ballistic+Missile&rft.pub=%27%27The+National+Interest%27%27&rft.date=2016-09-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnationalinterest.org%2Fblog%2Fss-21-scarab-russias-forgotten-deadly-ballistic-missile-17679%3Fpage%3D0%252C1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-193"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-193"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/906519">"World Bank Country and Lending Groups"</A>. The World Bank Group. 2018<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Bank+Country+and+Lending+Groups&rft.pub=The+World+Bank+Group&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatahelpdesk.worldbank.org%2Fknowledgebase%2Farticles%2F906519&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-194"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-194"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110710020431/http://www.usaid.gov/pubs/cbj2002/ee/bg/">"Bulgaria Overview"</A>. <A href="/wiki/USAID" class="mw-redirect" title="USAID">USAID</A>. 2002. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usaid.gov/pubs/cbj2002/ee/bg/">the original</A> on 10 July 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">2 November</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+Overview&rft.pub=USAID&rft.date=2002&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usaid.gov%2Fpubs%2Fcbj2002%2Fee%2Fbg%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-195"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-195"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Bulgaria/Late-communist-rule">"Bulgaria – Late Communist rule"</A>. Encyclopædia Britannica<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>. <Q>Bulgaria gave the highest priority to scientific and technological advancement and the development of trade skills appropriate to an industrial state. In 1948 approximately 80 percent of the population drew their living from the soil, but by 1988 less than one-fifth of the labour force was engaged in agriculture, with the rest concentrated in industry and the service sector.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+Late+Communist+rule&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FBulgaria%2FLate-communist-rule&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Economies-196"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-Economies_196-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Economies_196-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/een/005/article_4326_en.htm">"The economies of Bulgaria and Romania"</A>. <A href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</A>. January 2007<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+economies+of+Bulgaria+and+Romania&rft.pub=European+Commission&rft.date=2007-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Feconomy_finance%2Feen%2F005%2Farticle_4326_en.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-197"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-197"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book"><I>OECD Economic Surveys</I>. <A href="/wiki/OECD" title="OECD">OECD</A>. 1999. p. 24. <Q>The previous 1997 Economic Survey of Bulgaria documented how a combination of difficult initial conditions, delays in structural reforms, ... culminated in the economic crisis of 1996–97.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=OECD+Economic+Surveys&rft.pages=24&rft.pub=OECD&rft.date=1999&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-198"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-198"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://btvnovinite.bg/bulgaria/ikonomika/srednata-rabotna-zaplata-raste-do-1036lv.html">"Average monthly wages and salaries in March 2017"</A>. BTV<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">15 May</SPAN> 2017</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Average+monthly+wages+and+salaries+in+March+2017&rft.pub=BTV&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbtvnovinite.bg%2Fbulgaria%2Fikonomika%2Fsrednata-rabotna-zaplata-raste-do-1036lv.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-199"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-199"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121224023912/http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_PUBLIC/3-20122012-AP/EN/3-20122012-AP-EN.PDF">"One out of six employees in the EU27 was a low-wage earner in 2010"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. Eurostat. 20 December 2012. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_PUBLIC/3-20122012-AP/EN/3-20122012-AP-EN.PDF">the original</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN> on 24 December 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=One+out+of+six+employees+in+the+EU27+was+a+low-wage+earner+in+2010&rft.pub=Eurostat&rft.date=2012-12-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fepp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu%2Fcache%2FITY_PUBLIC%2F3-20122012-AP%2FEN%2F3-20122012-AP-EN.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-OECD1-200"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-OECD1_200-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-OECD1_200-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Hawkesworth, Ian (2009). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oecd.org/countries/bulgaria/46051594.pdf">"Budgeting in Bulgaria"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. <I>OECD Journal on Budgeting</I>. <A href="/wiki/OECD" title="OECD">OECD</A> (3/2009): 137<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">6 August</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=OECD+Journal+on+Budgeting&rft.atitle=Budgeting+in+Bulgaria&rft.issue=3%2F2009&rft.pages=137&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Hawkesworth&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oecd.org%2Fcountries%2Fbulgaria%2F46051594.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-201"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-201"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2056.html#bu">"Field listing: Budget"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</A></I>. <A href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">16 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Field+listing%3A+Budget&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Ffields%2F2056.html%23bu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-2018budget-202"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-2018budget_202-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-2018budget_202-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.capital.bg/politika_i_ikonomika/bulgaria/2017/10/23/3064620_bjudjet_2018_poveche_za_zaplati_zdrave_i_pensii/">"2018 Budget: More for salaries, health and pensions"</A>. <I>Kapital Daily</I>. 23 October 2017<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">16 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2018+Budget%3A+More+for+salaries%2C+health+and+pensions&rft.pub=%27%27Kapital+Daily%27%27&rft.date=2017-10-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.capital.bg%2Fpolitika_i_ikonomika%2Fbulgaria%2F2017%2F10%2F23%2F3064620_bjudjet_2018_poveche_za_zaplati_zdrave_i_pensii%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-203"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-203"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2221.html#bu">"Field listing: Taxes and other revenue"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</A></I>. <A href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">16 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Field+listing%3A+Taxes+and+other+revenue&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Ffields%2F2221.html%23bu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-204"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-204"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.businessinsider.com/wef-countries-with-the-lowest-levels-of-tax-on-earth-2016-3/#29-bulgaria-27--corporate-taxes-in-bulgaria-are-just-10-the-same-as-the-maximum-possible-income-tax-charged-to-individuals-in-the-country-that-numbers-is-one-of-the-five-lowest-in-europe-1">"These are the 29 countries with the world's lowest levels of tax"</A>. <I><SPAN></SPAN></I>Business Insider'<SPAN></SPAN><I>. 15 March 2016<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">16 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</I></CITE><I><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%27%27Business+Insider%27&rft.atitle=These+are+the+29+countries+with+the+world%27s+lowest+levels+of+tax&rft.date=2016-03-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.businessinsider.com%2Fwef-countries-with-the-lowest-levels-of-tax-on-earth-2016-3%2F%2329-bulgaria-27--corporate-taxes-in-bulgaria-are-just-10-the-same-as-the-maximum-possible-income-tax-charged-to-individuals-in-the-country-that-numbers-is-one-of-the-five-lowest-in-europe-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></I></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-205"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-205"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.minfin.bg/en/774">"Structure of Bulgarian Tax System"</A>. Ministry of Finance of Bulgaria<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">16 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Structure+of+Bulgarian+Tax+System&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Finance+of+Bulgaria&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.minfin.bg%2Fen%2F774&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-206"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-206"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/2995521/7826125/2-23012017-AP-EN.pdf">"General government gross debt - annual data"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. Eurostat<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">12 March</SPAN> 2017</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=General+government+gross+debt+-+annual+data&rft.pub=Eurostat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Feurostat%2Fdocuments%2F2995521%2F7826125%2F2-23012017-AP-EN.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-207"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-207"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/table.do?tab=table&init=1&language=en&pcode=tgs00005&plugin=1">"Regional gross domestic product (PPS per inhabitant), by NUTS 2 regions"</A>. Eurostat<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">12 March</SPAN> 2017</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Regional+gross+domestic+product+%28PPS+per+inhabitant%29%2C+by+NUTS+2+regions&rft.pub=Eurostat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Feurostat%2Ftgm%2Ftable.do%3Ftab%3Dtable%26init%3D1%26language%3Den%26pcode%3Dtgs00005%26plugin%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-208"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-208"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nsi.bg/bg/content/2215/бвп-регионално-ниво">"GDP - regional level"</A>. National Statistical Institute<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">22 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GDP+-+regional+level&rft.pub=National+Statistical+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nsi.bg%2Fbg%2Fcontent%2F2215%2F%D0%B1%D0%B2%D0%BF-%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-209"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-209"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/table.do?tab=table&init=1&plugin=1&language=en&pcode=tec00114">"GDP per capita in PPS"</A>. Eurostat<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GDP+per+capita+in+PPS&rft.pub=Eurostat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Feurostat%2Ftgm%2Ftable.do%3Ftab%3Dtable%26init%3D1%26plugin%3D1%26language%3Den%26pcode%3Dtec00114&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-210"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-210"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/table.do?tab=table&init=1&plugin=1&language=en&pcode=tec00120">"Comparative price levels"</A>. Eurostat<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Comparative+price+levels&rft.pub=Eurostat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Feurostat%2Ftgm%2Ftable.do%3Ftab%3Dtable%26init%3D1%26plugin%3D1%26language%3Den%26pcode%3Dtec00120&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-imf2-211"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-imf2_211-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2016/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=53&pr.y=5&sy=2011&ey=2016&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=918&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=">"Bulgaria"</A>. International Monetary Fund<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">12 March</SPAN> 2017</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria&rft.pub=International+Monetary+Fund&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fexternal%2Fpubs%2Fft%2Fweo%2F2016%2F02%2Fweodata%2Fweorept.aspx%3Fpr.x%3D53%26pr.y%3D5%26sy%3D2011%26ey%3D2016%26scsm%3D1%26ssd%3D1%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1%26c%3D918%26s%3DNGDPD%252CNGDPDPC%252CPPPGDP%252CPPPPC%252CLP%26grp%3D0%26a%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-212"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-212"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.occrp.org/en/27-ccwatch/cc-watch-briefs/2616-eu-countries-to-begin-counting-drugs-prostitution-in-economic-growth">"EU: Countries to Begin Counting Drugs, Prostitution in Economic Growth"</A>. Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project. 9 September 2014<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">16 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=EU%3A+Countries+to+Begin+Counting+Drugs%2C+Prostitution+in+Economic+Growth&rft.pub=Organized+Crime+and+Corruption+Reporting+Project&rft.date=2014-09-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.occrp.org%2Fen%2F27-ccwatch%2Fcc-watch-briefs%2F2616-eu-countries-to-begin-counting-drugs-prostitution-in-economic-growth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-213"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-213"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121114234654/http://ec.europa.eu/europe2020/pdf/themes/06_shadow_economy.pdf">"Shadow Economy"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. Eurostat. 2012. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/europe2020/pdf/themes/06_shadow_economy.pdf">the original</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN> on 14 November 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Shadow+Economy&rft.pub=Eurostat&rft.date=2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Feurope2020%2Fpdf%2Fthemes%2F06_shadow_economy.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-214"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-214"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bnb.bg/Statistics/StExternalSector/StExchangeRates/StERFixed/index.htm">"Fixed currency exchange rates"</A>. Bulgarian National Bank<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fixed+currency+exchange+rates&rft.pub=Bulgarian+National+Bank&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bnb.bg%2FStatistics%2FStExternalSector%2FStExchangeRates%2FStERFixed%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-215"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-215"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG?locations=BG">"Bulgaria: GDP growth (annual %)"</A>. The World Bank<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria%3A+GDP+growth+%28annual+%25%29&rft.pub=The+World+Bank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.worldbank.org%2Findicator%2FNY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG%3Flocations%3DBG&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-216"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-216"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?end=2017&locations=BG&start=1991&view=chart">"Bulgaria: Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate)"</A>. The World Bank. 2018<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria%3A+Unemployment%2C+total+%28%25+of+total+labor+force%29+%28modeled+ILO+estimate%29&rft.pub=The+World+Bank&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.worldbank.org%2Findicator%2FSL.UEM.TOTL.ZS%3Fend%3D2017%26locations%3DBG%26start%3D1991%26view%3Dchart&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-217"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-217"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111123152707/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-03/12/content_11000486.htm">"Economist: financial crisis brewed by U.S. market fundamentalism"</A>. <A href="/wiki/Xinhua_News_Agency" title="Xinhua News Agency">Xinhua News Agency</A>. 12 March 2009. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-03/12/content_11000486.htm">the original</A> on 23 November 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Economist%3A+financial+crisis+brewed+by+U.S.+market+fundamentalism&rft.pub=Xinhua+News+Agency&rft.date=2009-03-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.xinhuanet.com%2Fenglish%2F2009-03%2F12%2Fcontent_11000486.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-218"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-218"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121101112308/http://bnr.bg/sites/en/Economy/Pages/1706compandebts.aspx">"Inter-company debt – one of Bulgarian economy's serious problems"</A>. Bulgarian National Radio. 17 June 2010. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bnr.bg/sites/en/Economy/Pages/1706compandebts.aspx">the original</A> on 1 November 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">10 July</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Inter-company+debt+%E2%80%93+one+of+Bulgarian+economy%27s+serious+problems&rft.pub=Bulgarian+National+Radio&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbnr.bg%2Fsites%2Fen%2FEconomy%2FPages%2F1706compandebts.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-219"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-219"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dnes.dir.bg/ikonomika/firmi-bozhidar-danev-balgarskata-stopanska-kamara-zadalzhenia-12811577">"Business points to a major disproportion in Bulgaria"</A> (in Bulgarian). Dir.bg. 14 January 2013<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Business+points+to+a+major+disproportion+in+Bulgaria&rft.pub=Dir.bg&rft.date=2013-01-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdnes.dir.bg%2Fikonomika%2Ffirmi-bozhidar-danev-balgarskata-stopanska-kamara-zadalzhenia-12811577&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-220"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-220"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=144010">"ITUC Frontlines Report 2012: Section on Bulgaria"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 10 October 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">10 October</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ITUC+Frontlines+Report+2012%3A+Section+on+Bulgaria&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2012-10-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D144010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-221"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-221"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.novinite.com/articles/118351/Bulgaria%2C+Romania+Rapped+for+Public+Procurement+Fraud">"Bulgaria, Romania Rapped for Public Procurement Fraud"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 21 July 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">16 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria%2C+Romania+Rapped+for+Public+Procurement+Fraud&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2010-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Farticles%2F118351%2FBulgaria%252C%2BRomania%2BRapped%2Bfor%2BPublic%2BProcurement%2BFraud&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-222"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-222"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Center for the Study of Democracy (2007). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.bg/books?id=EgHHCbYKZXoC&pg=PA44&lpg=PA44&dq=bulgaria+public+procurement+budget&source=bl&ots=2IxmK78Fpl&sig=wP-JOjc7kR2ZfoQ_TNs_9H_J-78&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjd3Nvrv6PcAhUICpoKHQyDDCE4ChDoAQhQMAg#v=onepage&q=bulgaria%20public%20procurement%20budget&f=false"><I>Anti-corruption Reforms in Bulgaria: Key Results and Risk</I></A>. Center for the Study of Democracy. p. 44<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">29 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anti-corruption+Reforms+in+Bulgaria%3A+Key+Results+and+Risk&rft.pages=44&rft.pub=Center+for+the+Study+of+Democracy&rft.date=2007&rft.au=Center+for+the+Study+of+Democracy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.bg%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEgHHCbYKZXoC%26pg%3DPA44%26lpg%3DPA44%26dq%3Dbulgaria%2Bpublic%2Bprocurement%2Bbudget%26source%3Dbl%26ots%3D2IxmK78Fpl%26sig%3DwP-JOjc7kR2ZfoQ_TNs_9H_J-78%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0ahUKEwjd3Nvrv6PcAhUICpoKHQyDDCE4ChDoAQhQMAg%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dbulgaria%2520public%2520procurement%2520budget%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-223"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-223"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.transparency.org/news/feature/corruption_perceptions_index_2017">"Corruption Perceptions Index: Transparency International"</A>. <A href="/wiki/Transparency_International" title="Transparency International">Transparency International</A>. 2017<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">16 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Corruption+Perceptions+Index%3A+Transparency+International&rft.pub=Transparency+International&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.transparency.org%2Fnews%2Ffeature%2Fcorruption_perceptions_index_2017&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-cloud-224"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-cloud_224-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-cloud_224-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/dec/28/bulgaria-corruption-eu-presidency-far-right-minority-parties-concerns">"Cloud of corruption hangs over Bulgaria as it takes up EU presidency"</A>. <I>The Guardian</I>. 28 December 2017<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">9 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cloud+of+corruption+hangs+over+Bulgaria+as+it+takes+up+EU+presidency&rft.pub=%27%27The+Guardian%27%27&rft.date=2017-12-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2017%2Fdec%2F28%2Fbulgaria-corruption-eu-presidency-far-right-minority-parties-concerns&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-225"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-225"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/bulgaria/11290458/Bulgarian-corruption-at-15-year-high.html">"Bulgarian corruption at 15-year high"</A>. <I>The Telegraph</I>. 12 December 2014<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">9 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgarian+corruption+at+15-year+high&rft.pub=%27%27The+Telegraph%27%27&rft.date=2014-12-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Feurope%2Fbulgaria%2F11290458%2FBulgarian-corruption-at-15-year-high.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-226"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-226"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-bulgaria-security/bulgarian-border-officers-suspended-over-airport-security-lapse-idUSKBN1H00L2">"Bulgarian border officers suspended over airport security lapse"</A>. Reuters. 24 March 2018<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">9 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgarian+border+officers+suspended+over+airport+security+lapse&rft.pub=Reuters&rft.date=2018-03-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-bulgaria-security%2Fbulgarian-border-officers-suspended-over-airport-security-lapse-idUSKBN1H00L2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-227"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-227"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-eu-bulgaria/bulgaria-savors-eu-embrace-despite-critics-idUSKBN1F02V8">"Bulgaria savors EU embrace despite critics"</A>. Reuters. 11 January 2018<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">9 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+savors+EU+embrace+despite+critics&rft.pub=Reuters&rft.date=2018-01-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-eu-bulgaria%2Fbulgaria-savors-eu-embrace-despite-critics-idUSKBN1F02V8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-reuters_USKBN1F61EQ-228"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-reuters_USKBN1F61EQ_228-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-reuters_USKBN1F61EQ_228-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-bulgaria-government/bulgarias-government-faces-no-confidence-vote-over-corruption-idUSKBN1F61EQ">"Bulgaria's government faces no-confidence vote over corruption"</A>. Reuters. 17 January 2018<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">9 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria%27s+government+faces+no-confidence+vote+over+corruption&rft.pub=Reuters&rft.date=2018-01-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-bulgaria-government%2Fbulgarias-government-faces-no-confidence-vote-over-corruption-idUSKBN1F61EQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-229"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-229"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.24chasa.bg/novini/article/5316312">"10 bln. leva are spent on public procurement every year"</A>. <I>24 Chasa</I>. 21 February 2016<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">30 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=10+bln.+leva+are+spent+on+public+procurement+every+year&rft.pub=%27%2724+Chasa%27%27&rft.date=2016-02-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.24chasa.bg%2Fnovini%2Farticle%2F5316312&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-230"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-230"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.capital.bg/politika_i_ikonomika/bulgaria/2017/12/29/3104548_rekord_pri_obshtestvenite_poruchki_otkriti_sa_turgove/">"A record in public procurement: tenders worth nearly 14 billion lv unveiled"</A>. <I>Kapital Daily</I>. 29 December 2017<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">16 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+record+in+public+procurement%3A+tenders+worth+nearly+14+billion+lv+unveiled&rft.pub=%27%27Kapital+Daily%27%27&rft.date=2017-12-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.capital.bg%2Fpolitika_i_ikonomika%2Fbulgaria%2F2017%2F12%2F29%2F3104548_rekord_pri_obshtestvenite_poruchki_otkriti_sa_turgove%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-231"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-231"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Stefanov, Ruslan (2015). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.romaniacurata.ro/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/ACRVolume3_Ch3_Bulgaria.pdf">"The Bulgarian Public Procurement Market: Corruption Risks and Dynamics in the Construction Sector"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. <I>Government Favouritism in Europe: The Anticorruption Report 3</I>. Barbara Budrich Publishers (3/2015): 35<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">6 August</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Government+Favouritism+in+Europe%3A+The+Anticorruption+Report+3&rft.atitle=The+Bulgarian+Public+Procurement+Market%3A+Corruption+Risks+and+Dynamics+in+the+Construction+Sector&rft.issue=3%2F2015&rft.pages=35&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Stefanov&rft.aufirst=Ruslan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.romaniacurata.ro%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2017%2F12%2FACRVolume3_Ch3_Bulgaria.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-232"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-232"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/policy/how/improving-investment/public-procurement/study/country_profile/bg.pdf">"Public procurement in Bulgaria"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. European Commission. 2015<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">16 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Public+procurement+in+Bulgaria&rft.pub=European+Commission&rft.date=2015&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Fregional_policy%2Fsources%2Fpolicy%2Fhow%2Fimproving-investment%2Fpublic-procurement%2Fstudy%2Fcountry_profile%2Fbg.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-233"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-233"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2095.html#bu">"Field listing: Labor force"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</A></I>. <A href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">16 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Field+listing%3A+Labor+force&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Ffields%2F2095.html%23bu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-234"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-234"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2048.html#bu">"Field listing: Labor force by occupation"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</A></I>. <A href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">21 March</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Field+listing%3A+Labor+force+by+occupation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Ffields%2F2048.html%23bu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-235"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-235"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Bulgaria/Economy#ref42702">"Bulgaria – Manufacturing"</A>. Encyclopædia Britannica<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+Manufacturing&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FBulgaria%2FEconomy%23ref42702&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-236"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-236"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2090.html#bu">"Field listing: Industries"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</A></I>. <A href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Field+listing%3A+Industries&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Ffields%2F2090.html%23bu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-237"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-237"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oxfordbusinessgroup.com/news/bulgaria-selling-steel">"Bulgaria: Selling off steel"</A>. Oxford Business Group. 31 August 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria%3A+Selling+off+steel&rft.pub=Oxford+Business+Group&rft.date=2011-08-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foxfordbusinessgroup.com%2Fnews%2Fbulgaria-selling-steel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-238"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-238"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.novinite.com/articles/170584/Mining+Industry+Accounts+for+5+of+Bulgaria’s+GDP+–+Energy+Minister">"Mining Industry Accounts for 5% of Bulgaria's GDP – Energy Minister"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 29 August 2015<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mining+Industry+Accounts+for+5%25+of+Bulgaria%E2%80%99s+GDP+%E2%80%93+Energy+Minister&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2015-08-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Farticles%2F170584%2FMining%2BIndustry%2BAccounts%2Bfor%2B5%2Bof%2BBulgaria%E2%80%99s%2BGDP%2B%E2%80%93%2BEnergy%2BMinister&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Ore_exports-239"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-Ore_exports_239-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Ore_exports_239-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120316132149/http://thesofiaecho.com/2011/08/18/1141389_bulgarias-ore-exports-rise-10per-cent-in-h1-2011-industry-group">"Bulgaria's ore exports rise 10% in H1 2011 – industry group"</A>. <I><SPAN></SPAN></I>The Sofia Echo<I><SPAN></SPAN></I>. 18 August 2011. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thesofiaecho.com/2011/08/18/1141389_bulgarias-ore-exports-rise-10per-cent-in-h1-2011-industry-group">the original</A> on 16 March 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%27%27The+Sofia+Echo%27%27&rft.atitle=Bulgaria%27s+ore+exports+rise+10%25+in+H1+2011+%E2%80%93+industry+group&rft.date=2011-08-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthesofiaecho.com%2F2011%2F08%2F18%2F1141389_bulgarias-ore-exports-rise-10per-cent-in-h1-2011-industry-group&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-240"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-240"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eia.gov/beta/international/data/browser/#/?pa=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000g&c=1438j008006gg6168g80a4k000e8ag00gg0004gc00ho00go&ct=0&tl_id=1-A&vs=INTL.7-1-ALB-TST.A&ord=CR&cy=2015&vo=0&v=H&start=2014&end=2016">"Total Primary Coal Production (Thousand Short Tons)"</A>. U.S. Energy Information Administration<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Total+Primary+Coal+Production+%28Thousand+Short+Tons%29&rft.pub=U.S.+Energy+Information+Administration&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eia.gov%2Fbeta%2Finternational%2Fdata%2Fbrowser%2F%23%2F%3Fpa%3D0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000g%26c%3D1438j008006gg6168g80a4k000e8ag00gg0004gc00ho00go%26ct%3D0%26tl_id%3D1-A%26vs%3DINTL.7-1-ALB-TST.A%26ord%3DCR%26cy%3D2015%26vo%3D0%26v%3DH%26start%3D2014%26end%3D2016&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEResource_Base-241"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEResource_Base_241-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFResource_Base">Resource Base</A>.</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-242"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-242"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oecd.org/agriculture/agricultural-policies/40354124.pdf">"Agricultural Policies in non-OECD countries: Monitoring and Evaluation"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. <A href="/wiki/OECD" title="OECD">OECD</A>. 2007<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Agricultural+Policies+in+non-OECD+countries%3A+Monitoring+and+Evaluation&rft.pub=OECD&rft.date=2007&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oecd.org%2Fagriculture%2Fagricultural-policies%2F40354124.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-243"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-243"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080328063300/http://www.fao.org/regional/seur/Review/Bulgaria.htm">"Bulgaria – Natural conditions, farming traditions and agricultural structures"</A>. Food and Agriculture Organization. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/regional/seur/Review/Bulgaria.htm">the original</A> on 28 March 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">2 November</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+Natural+conditions%2C+farming+traditions+and+agricultural+structures&rft.pub=Food+and+Agriculture+Organization&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fao.org%2Fregional%2Fseur%2FReview%2FBulgaria.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-UNdata-244"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-UNdata_244-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.un.org/en/iso/bg.html">"Bulgaria – Economic Summary, UNData, United Nations"</A>. United Nations<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+Economic+Summary%2C+UNData%2C+United+Nations&rft.pub=United+Nations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.un.org%2Fen%2Fiso%2Fbg.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-245"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-245"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bta.bg/en/c/DF/id/1628901">"Experts: Bumper Year for Wheat Producers in Dobrich Region"</A>. Bulgarian Telegraph Agency. 4 August 2017<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Experts%3A+Bumper+Year+for+Wheat+Producers+in+Dobrich+Region&rft.pub=Bulgarian+Telegraph+Agency&rft.date=2017-08-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bta.bg%2Fen%2Fc%2FDF%2Fid%2F1628901&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-246"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-246"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Bulgaria/Economy#ref42701">"Bulgaria – Agriculture"</A>. Encyclopædia Britannica<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+Agriculture&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FBulgaria%2FEconomy%23ref42701&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-247"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-247"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120108051947/http://www.chinapost.com.tw/business/europe/2011/07/14/309719/Bulgarian-lavender.htm">"Bulgarian lavender producers worried about demand drop"</A>. <I><SPAN></SPAN></I>The China Post<I><SPAN></SPAN></I>. 14 July 2011. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinapost.com.tw/business/europe/2011/07/14/309719/Bulgarian-lavender.htm">the original</A> on 8 January 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%27%27The+China+Post%27%27&rft.atitle=Bulgarian+lavender+producers+worried+about+demand+drop&rft.date=2011-07-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinapost.com.tw%2Fbusiness%2Feurope%2F2011%2F07%2F14%2F309719%2FBulgarian-lavender.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-248"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-248"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bnr.bg/en/post/100837137/bulgarian-rose-oil-keeps-its-top-place-on-world-market">"Bulgarian rose oil keeps its top place on world market"</A>. Bulgarian National Radio. 31 May 2017<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgarian+rose+oil+keeps+its+top+place+on+world+market&rft.pub=Bulgarian+National+Radio&rft.date=2017-05-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbnr.bg%2Fen%2Fpost%2F100837137%2Fbulgarian-rose-oil-keeps-its-top-place-on-world-market&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-249"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-249"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.novinite.com/articles/185754/Bulgaria+is+Again+the+World%27s+First+Producer+of+Lavender+Oil">"Bulgaria is Again the World's First Producer of Lavender Oil"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 30 November 2017<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+is+Again+the+World%27s+First+Producer+of+Lavender+Oil&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2017-11-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Farticles%2F185754%2FBulgaria%2Bis%2BAgain%2Bthe%2BWorld%2527s%2BFirst%2BProducer%2Bof%2BLavender%2BOil&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-250"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-250"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2009/apr/20/europe-budget-travel-short-haul-cheap">"Europe (without the euro)"</A>. <I><SPAN></SPAN></I>The Guardian<I><SPAN></SPAN></I>. 20 April 2009<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%27%27The+Guardian%27%27&rft.atitle=Europe+%28without+the+euro%29&rft.date=2009-04-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftravel%2F2009%2Fapr%2F20%2Feurope-budget-travel-short-haul-cheap&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-251"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-251"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nsi.bg/bg/content/1969/%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D1%87%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8-%D0%B2-%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%BF%D0%BE-%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8-%D0%B8-%D0%BF%D0%BE-%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8">"Arrivals of foreigners in 2017 by month and country of origin"</A>. National Statistical Institute. 16 March 2018<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Arrivals+of+foreigners+in+2017+by+month+and+country+of+origin&rft.pub=National+Statistical+Institute&rft.date=2018-03-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nsi.bg%2Fbg%2Fcontent%2F1969%2F%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D1%2581%25D0%25B5%25D1%2589%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F-%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0-%25D1%2587%25D1%2583%25D0%25B6%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8-%25D0%25B2-%25D0%25B1%25D1%258A%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B3%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F-%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE-%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D0%25B5%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8-%25D0%25B8-%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE-%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-252"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-252"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Bulgaria/Economy#ref253978">"Bulgaria – Tourism"</A>. Encyclopædia Britannica<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+Tourism&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FBulgaria%2FEconomy%23ref253978&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Brochure201819-253"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Brochure201819_253-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFNSI_Brochure2018">NSI Brochure 2018</A>, p. 19.</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-EUpresidency-254"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-EUpresidency_254-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-EUpresidency_254-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.novinite.com/articles/188930/EU+Presidency+Puts+Lagging+Bulgarian+Science+in+the+Spotlight">"EU Presidency Puts Lagging Bulgarian Science in the Spotlight"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 22 March 2018<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">14 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=EU+Presidency+Puts+Lagging+Bulgarian+Science+in+the+Spotlight&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2018-03-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Farticles%2F188930%2FEU%2BPresidency%2BPuts%2BLagging%2BBulgarian%2BScience%2Bin%2Bthe%2BSpotlight&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-R&D_spending-255"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-R&D_spending_255-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.novinite.com/articles/177126/R%26D+Spending+in+Bulgaria+Up+in+2015%2C+Mostly+Driven+by+Businesses">"R&D Spending in Bulgaria Up in 2015, Mostly Driven by Businesses"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 31 October 2016<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">14 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=R%26D+Spending+in+Bulgaria+Up+in+2015%2C+Mostly+Driven+by+Businesses&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2016-10-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Farticles%2F177126%2FR%2526D%2BSpending%2Bin%2BBulgaria%2BUp%2Bin%2B2015%252C%2BMostly%2BDriven%2Bby%2BBusinesses&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-256"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-256"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2015-innovative-countries/">"The 2015 Bloomberg Innovation Index"</A>. Bloomberg<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">14 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+2015+Bloomberg+Innovation+Index&rft.pub=Bloomberg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fgraphics%2F2015-innovative-countries%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-257"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-257"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Shopov, V. (2007). "The impact of the European scientific area on the 'Brain leaking' problem in the Balkan countries". <I>Nauka</I> (in Bulgarian). Structmedia (1/2007).</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nauka&rft.atitle=The+impact+of+the+European+scientific+area+on+the+%27Brain+leaking%27+problem+in+the+Balkan+countries&rft.issue=1%2F2007&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Shopov&rft.aufirst=V.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-258"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-258"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/f9a35122-44f4-11e6-9b66-0712b3873ae1">"Bulgaria strives to become tech capital of the Balkans"</A>. <I>The Financial Times</I>. 17 October 2016<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">15 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+strives+to+become+tech+capital+of+the+Balkans&rft.pub=%27%27The+Financial+Times%27%27&rft.date=2016-10-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2Ff9a35122-44f4-11e6-9b66-0712b3873ae1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-259"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-259"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bta.bg/en/c/DF/id/1762498">"Bulgaria's ICT Sector Turnover Trebled over Last Seven Years - Deputy Economy Minister"</A>. Bulgarian Telegraph Agency. 12 March 2018<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">15 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria%27s+ICT+Sector+Turnover+Trebled+over+Last+Seven+Years+-+Deputy+Economy+Minister&rft.pub=Bulgarian+Telegraph+Agency&rft.date=2018-03-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bta.bg%2Fen%2Fc%2FDF%2Fid%2F1762498&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-260"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-260"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-eurostat-news/-/EDN-20180425-1?inheritRedirect=true">"Girls and women under-represented in ICT"</A>. Eurostat. 25 April 2018<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">15 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Girls+and+women+under-represented+in+ICT&rft.pub=Eurostat&rft.date=2018-04-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Feurostat%2Fweb%2Fproducts-eurostat-news%2F-%2FEDN-20180425-1%3FinheritRedirect%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-261"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-261"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/e2fdfe6e-0513-11e8-9e12-af73e8db3c71">"Bulgaria builds on legacy of female engineering elite"</A>. <I>The Financial Times</I>. 9 March 2018<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">15 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+builds+on+legacy+of+female+engineering+elite&rft.pub=%27%27The+Financial+Times%27%27&rft.date=2018-03-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2Fe2fdfe6e-0513-11e8-9e12-af73e8db3c71&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-262"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-262"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.delta.tudelft.nl/article/great-bulgarian-braindrain">"The Great Bulgarian BrainDrain"</A>. Delft Technical University. 2 October 2003<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">15 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Great+Bulgarian+BrainDrain&rft.pub=Delft+Technical+University&rft.date=2003-10-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.delta.tudelft.nl%2Farticle%2Fgreat-bulgarian-braindrain&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-263"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-263"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.capital.bg/biznes/tehnologii_i_nauka/2018/06/22/3203630_shum_tok_i_superkompjutri/">"Bulgaria's small computing army"</A>. <I>Kapital Daily</I>. 22 June 2018<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">15 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria%27s+small+computing+army&rft.pub=%27%27Kapital+Daily%27%27&rft.date=2018-06-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.capital.bg%2Fbiznes%2Ftehnologii_i_nauka%2F2018%2F06%2F22%2F3203630_shum_tok_i_superkompjutri%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Interkosmos-264"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-Interkosmos_264-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Interkosmos_264-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Interkosmos_264-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Burgess, Colin; Vis, Bert (2016). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.bg/books?id=MG__CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA250&lpg=PA250&dq=Bulgarian+academy+of+sciences+space+program&source=bl&ots=0fE7HNRhAq&sig=nXCw1tsve4exfYJKa42-rQYzpHA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi33pf7vJ_cAhXRx6YKHTNyAhU4ChDoAQgnMAA#v=onepage&q=Bulgarian%20academy%20of%20sciences%20space%20program&f=false"><I>Interkosmos: The Eastern Bloc's Early Space Program</I></A>. Springer. pp. 247–250. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-319-24161-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-319-24161-6">978-3-319-24161-6</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Interkosmos%3A+The+Eastern+Bloc%27s+Early+Space+Program&rft.pages=247-250&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-3-319-24161-6&rft.aulast=Burgess&rft.aufirst=Colin&rft.au=Vis%2C+Bert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.bg%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMG__CgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA250%26lpg%3DPA250%26dq%3DBulgarian%2Bacademy%2Bof%2Bsciences%2Bspace%2Bprogram%26source%3Dbl%26ots%3D0fE7HNRhAq%26sig%3DnXCw1tsve4exfYJKa42-rQYzpHA%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0ahUKEwi33pf7vJ_cAhXRx6YKHTNyAhU4ChDoAQgnMAA%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DBulgarian%2520academy%2520of%2520sciences%2520space%2520program%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-265"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-265"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.novinite.com/articles/127387/Cosmonauts+Eager,+Hopeful+for+Reboot+of+Bulgaria's+Space+Program">"Cosmonauts Eager, Hopeful for Reboot of Bulgaria's Space Program"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 17 April 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">15 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cosmonauts+Eager%2C+Hopeful+for+Reboot+of+Bulgaria%27s+Space+Program&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2011-04-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Farticles%2F127387%2FCosmonauts%2BEager%2C%2BHopeful%2Bfor%2BReboot%2Bof%2BBulgaria%27s%2BSpace%2BProgram&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-266"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-266"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Ivanova, Tanya (1998). "Six-month space greenhouse experiments—a step to creation of future biological life support systems". <I>Acta Astronautica</I>. Space Research Institute. <B>42</B> (1-8): 11–23. <A href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</A>:<A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998AcAau..42...11I">1998AcAau..42...11I</A>. <A href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</A>:<A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//doi.org/10.1016/S0094-5765%2898%2900102-7">10.1016/S0094-5765(98)00102-7</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Astronautica&rft.atitle=Six-month+space+greenhouse+experiments%E2%80%94a+step+to+creation+of+future+biological+life+support+systems&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=1-8&rft.pages=11-23&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0094-5765%2898%2900102-7&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1998AcAau..42...11I&rft.aulast=Ivanova&rft.aufirst=Tanya&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-267"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-267"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Mishev, Dimitar (2004). <I>Space Research in Bulgaria</I> (in Bulgarian). <A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Bulgarian Academy of Sciences">Bulgarian Academy of Sciences</A> (via the <I>Marin Drinov</I> publishing house). p. 162. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/954-430-994-2" title="Special:BookSources/954-430-994-2">954-430-994-2</A>. <Q>16 June 1990: Onboard research on the Mir Space Station under the Interkosmos program begin with the Bulgarian-developed SVET space greenhouse ...</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Space+Research+in+Bulgaria&rft.pages=162&rft.pub=Bulgarian+Academy+of+Sciences+%28via+the+%27%27Marin+Drinov%27%27+publishing+house%29&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=954-430-994-2&rft.aulast=Mishev&rft.aufirst=Dimitar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-RESS-268"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-RESS_268-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-RESS_268-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Harland, David M.; Ulivi, Paolo (2009). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.bg/books?id=dZyaAAVwg5QC&pg=PA146&lpg=PA146&dq=Bulgaria+Fobos+mission&source=bl&ots=APBX0wKEtL&sig=7rnqPGhjyU4IrdAYkSJU3hvUIGY&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj-wrDJlZ_cAhUIxKYKHeR0B2MQ6AEISDAC#v=onepage&q=Bulgaria%20developed%20all%20the&f=false"><I>Robotic Exploration of the Solar System: Part 2: Hiatus and Renewal, 1983-1996</I></A>. Springer. p. 155. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-387-78904-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-387-78904-0">978-0-387-78904-0</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Robotic+Exploration+of+the+Solar+System%3A+Part+2%3A+Hiatus+and+Renewal%2C+1983-1996&rft.pages=155&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-387-78904-0&rft.aulast=Harland&rft.aufirst=David+M.&rft.au=Ulivi%2C+Paolo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.bg%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdZyaAAVwg5QC%26pg%3DPA146%26lpg%3DPA146%26dq%3DBulgaria%2BFobos%2Bmission%26source%3Dbl%26ots%3DAPBX0wKEtL%26sig%3D7rnqPGhjyU4IrdAYkSJU3hvUIGY%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0ahUKEwj-wrDJlZ_cAhUIxKYKHeR0B2MQ6AEISDAC%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DBulgaria%2520developed%2520all%2520the%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-269"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-269"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Dimitrova, Milena (2008). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.bg/books?id=jqJ6Ocql0XIC&pg=PA234&lpg=PA234&dq=българия+венера+вега+-хотел&source=bl&ots=qmiI86uYnj&sig=ROfAwRtiy_fsS1XvEFRDmBE3qC0&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjE6P6dqZ_cAhWixKYKHcomCY8Q6AEIcDAM#v=onepage&q=вега&f=false"><I>The Golden Decades of Bulgarian Electronics</I></A>. Trud. pp. 257–258<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Golden+Decades+of+Bulgarian+Electronics&rft.pages=257-258&rft.pub=Trud&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Dimitrova&rft.aufirst=Milena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.bg%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjqJ6Ocql0XIC%26pg%3DPA234%26lpg%3DPA234%26dq%3D%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%2B%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%2B%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%2B-%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%26source%3Dbl%26ots%3DqmiI86uYnj%26sig%3DROfAwRtiy_fsS1XvEFRDmBE3qC0%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0ahUKEwjE6P6dqZ_cAhWixKYKHcomCY8Q6AEIcDAM%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-270"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-270"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Badescu, Viorel; Zacny, Kris (2015). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.bg/books?id=ZrAYCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA276&lpg=PA276&dq=bulgaria+venera+program+-hotel+-cosmetics&source=bl&ots=aeMk3_LY70&sig=qZd2Ln2uRodej1mNlIKcykd415M&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjiuNXnqJ_cAhUoxKYKHUMiAG0Q6AEIWzAN#v=onepage&q=bulgaria&f=false"><I>Inner Solar System: Prospective Energy and Material Resources</I></A>. Springer. p. 276. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-319-19568-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-319-19568-1">978-3-319-19568-1</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inner+Solar+System%3A+Prospective+Energy+and+Material+Resources&rft.pages=276&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-3-319-19568-1&rft.aulast=Badescu&rft.aufirst=Viorel&rft.au=Zacny%2C+Kris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.bg%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZrAYCgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA276%26lpg%3DPA276%26dq%3Dbulgaria%2Bvenera%2Bprogram%2B-hotel%2B-cosmetics%26source%3Dbl%26ots%3DaeMk3_LY70%26sig%3DqZd2Ln2uRodej1mNlIKcykd415M%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0ahUKEwjiuNXnqJ_cAhUoxKYKHUMiAG0Q6AEIWzAN%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dbulgaria%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-271"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-271"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Semkova, Jordanka; Dachev, Tsvetan (2015). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inis.iaea.org/search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN:47073133">"Radiation environment investigations during ExoMars missions to Mars – objectives, experiments and instrumentation"</A>. <I>Comptes Rendus de l'Academie Bulgare des Sciences</I>. <B>47</B> (25): 485–496. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1310-1331">1310-1331</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">6 August</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comptes+Rendus+de+l%27Academie+Bulgare+des+Sciences&rft.atitle=Radiation+environment+investigations+during+ExoMars+missions+to+Mars+%E2%80%93+objectives%2C+experiments+and+instrumentation&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=25&rft.pages=485-496&rft.date=2015&rft.issn=1310-1331&rft.aulast=Semkova&rft.aufirst=Jordanka&rft.au=Dachev%2C+Tsvetan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finis.iaea.org%2Fsearch%2Fsearch.aspx%3Forig_q%3DRN%3A47073133&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-272"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-272"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120119044239/http://www.isro.org/chandrayaan/htmls/radom_bas.htm">"Radiation Dose Monitor Experiment (RADOM)"</A>. ISRO. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isro.org/chandrayaan/htmls/radom_bas.htm">the original</A> on 19 January 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Radiation+Dose+Monitor+Experiment+%28RADOM%29&rft.pub=ISRO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.isro.org%2Fchandrayaan%2Fhtmls%2Fradom_bas.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-273"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-273"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Dachev, Yu.; Dimitrov, F.; Tomov, O.; Matviichuk; Spurny; Ploc (2011). "Liulin-type spectrometry-dosimetry instruments". <I>Radiation Protection Dosimetry</I>. Oxford University Press. <B>144</B> (1-4): 675–679. <A href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</A>:<A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncq506">10.1093/rpd/ncq506</A>. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1742-3406">1742-3406</A>. <A href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21177270">21177270</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiation+Protection+Dosimetry&rft.atitle=Liulin-type+spectrometry-dosimetry+instruments&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=1-4&rft.pages=675-679&rft.date=2011&rft.issn=1742-3406&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21177270&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Frpd%2Fncq506&rft.aulast=Dachev&rft.aufirst=Yu.&rft.au=Dimitrov%2C+F.&rft.au=Tomov%2C+O.&rft.au=Matviichuk&rft.au=Spurny&rft.au=Ploc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-274"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-274"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spacex.com/news/2017/06/23/bulgariasat-1-mission">"BulgariaSat-1 Mission"</A>. SpaceX<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">15 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BulgariaSat-1+Mission&rft.pub=SpaceX&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spacex.com%2Fnews%2F2017%2F06%2F23%2Fbulgariasat-1-mission&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200614-275"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200614_275-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200614_275-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200614_275-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFLibrary_of_Congress2006">Library of Congress 2006</A>, p. 14.</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-276"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-276"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/sites/digital-agenda/files/BG_Country_Chapter_17th_Report_0.pdf">"Bulgaria: 2011 Telecommunication Market and Regulatory Developments"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. European Commission. 2011. p. 2<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">19 March</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria%3A+2011+Telecommunication+Market+and+Regulatory+Developments&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=European+Commission&rft.date=2011&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Fdigital-single-market%2Fsites%2Fdigital-agenda%2Ffiles%2FBG_Country_Chapter_17th_Report_0.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-277"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-277"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://novinite.com/view_news.php?id=132606">"Bulgaria Opens Tender for Fourth Mobile Operator"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 3 October 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+Opens+Tender+for+Fourth+Mobile+Operator&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2011-10-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnovinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D132606&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-278"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-278"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.internetworldstats.com/europa.htm">"Europe Internet Usage Stats and Market Report"</A>. Internetworldstats.com. 2 June 2018<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">14 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Europe+Internet+Usage+Stats+and+Market+Report&rft.pub=Internetworldstats.com&rft.date=2018-06-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.internetworldstats.com%2Feuropa.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-279"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-279"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oxfordbusinessgroup.com/news/energy-hub">"Energy Hub"</A>. Oxford Business Group. 13 October 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Energy+Hub&rft.pub=Oxford+Business+Group&rft.date=2008-10-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foxfordbusinessgroup.com%2Fnews%2Fenergy-hub&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-280"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-280"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-bulgaria-coal/bulgaria-joins-poland-in-appeal-against-eu-pollution-crackdown-idUSKBN1EZ20I">"Bulgaria joins Poland in appeal against EU pollution crackdown"</A>. Reuters. 10 January 2018<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">15 June</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+joins+Poland+in+appeal+against+EU+pollution+crackdown&rft.pub=Reuters&rft.date=2018-01-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-bulgaria-coal%2Fbulgaria-joins-poland-in-appeal-against-eu-pollution-crackdown-idUSKBN1EZ20I&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-281"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-281"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kznpp.org/uf//anual_reports/en/KozloduyNPP_AR_2016_en.pdf">"Kozloduy NPP EAD 2016 Annual Report"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. AETs Kozloduy EAD. p. 18<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">15 June</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kozloduy+NPP+EAD+2016+Annual+Report&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=AETs+Kozloduy+EAD&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kznpp.org%2Fuf%2F%2Fanual_reports%2Fen%2FKozloduyNPP_AR_2016_en.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-282"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-282"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.export.gov/article?id=Bulgaria-Power-Generation-Oil-and-Gas-Renewable-Sources-of-Energy-and-Energy-Efficiency">"Bulgaria - Power Generation"</A>. <A href="/wiki/International_Trade_Administration" title="International Trade Administration">International Trade Administration</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">15 June</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+-+Power+Generation&rft.pub=International+Trade+Administration&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.export.gov%2Farticle%3Fid%3DBulgaria-Power-Generation-Oil-and-Gas-Renewable-Sources-of-Energy-and-Energy-Efficiency&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-283"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-283"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bnr.bg/en/post/100932162/bulgaria-among-eu-countries-with-highest-consumption-of-electricity-from-renewables">"Bulgaria among EU countries with highest consumption of electricity from renewables"</A>. Bulgarian National Radio. 12 February 2018<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">15 June</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+among+EU+countries+with+highest+consumption+of+electricity+from+renewables&rft.pub=Bulgarian+National+Radio&rft.date=2018-02-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbnr.bg%2Fen%2Fpost%2F100932162%2Fbulgaria-among-eu-countries-with-highest-consumption-of-electricity-from-renewables&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-284"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-284"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2085rank.html#bu">"Country comparison: Total road length"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</A></I>. <A href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">15 June</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Country+comparison%3A+Total+road+length&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2085rank.html%23bu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-285"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-285"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dariknews.bg/regioni/haskovo/vlakovete-plovdiv-dimitrovgrad-veche-sys-160-kmchas-925916">"The trains from Plovdiv to Dimitrovgrad now with 160 km/h"</A>. Dariknews<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+trains+from+Plovdiv+to+Dimitrovgrad+now+with+160+km%2Fh&rft.pub=Dariknews&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdariknews.bg%2Fregioni%2Fhaskovo%2Fvlakovete-plovdiv-dimitrovgrad-veche-sys-160-kmchas-925916&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-286"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-286"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/bulgaria-to-turkey-wiring-underway.html">"Bulgaria to Turkey wiring underway"</A>. Railway Gazette International<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">11 May</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+to+Turkey+wiring+underway&rft.pub=Railway+Gazette+International&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.railwaygazette.com%2Fnews%2Fsingle-view%2Fview%2Fbulgaria-to-turkey-wiring-underway.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-287"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-287"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://paper.standartnews.com/bg/article.php?d=2011-08-05&article=377091">"Bozhkov is building the "Maritsa" high-speed rail line"</A>. <I><SPAN></SPAN></I>Standart<I><SPAN></SPAN></I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">11 May</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%27%27Standart%27%27&rft.atitle=Bozhkov+is+building+the+%22Maritsa%22+high-speed+rail+line&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpaper.standartnews.com%2Fbg%2Farticle.php%3Fd%3D2011-08-05%26article%3D377091&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-288"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-288"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.snews.bg/bg/statiya/vlakat-plovdiv-burgas-shte-leti-s-200-km-ch:10592">"The Plovdiv-Burgas train will travel with 200 km/h"</A>. Snews.bg<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">11 May</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Plovdiv-Burgas+train+will+travel+with+200+km%2Fh&rft.pub=Snews.bg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.snews.bg%2Fbg%2Fstatiya%2Fvlakat-plovdiv-burgas-shte-leti-s-200-km-ch%3A10592&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-289"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-289"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eurail.com/en/get-inspired/top-destinations/bulgaria-train">"Trains in Bulgaria"</A>. EuRail<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Trains+in+Bulgaria&rft.pub=EuRail&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurail.com%2Fen%2Fget-inspired%2Ftop-destinations%2Fbulgaria-train&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20113-290"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20113_290-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFNSI_Census_data2011">NSI Census data 2011</A>, p. 3.</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20114-291"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20114_291-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFNSI_Census_data2011">NSI Census data 2011</A>, p. 4.</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-NSI3-292"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-NSI3_292-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://censusresults.nsi.bg/Census/Reports/2/2/R7.aspx">"Census results: population by residence, ethnic group and age"</A>. National Statistical Institute. 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+results%3A+population+by+residence%2C+ethnic+group+and+age&rft.pub=National+Statistical+Institute&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcensusresults.nsi.bg%2FCensus%2FReports%2F2%2F2%2FR7.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-293"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-293"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vesti.bg/bulgaria/obshtestvo/nsi-prebroiavaneto-ot-2011-g.-e-sgresheno-nuzhno-e-novo-6008424">"NSI: The 2011 census is incorrect, a new one needed"</A>. Vesti. 25 March 2014<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">22 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NSI%3A+The+2011+census+is+incorrect%2C+a+new+one+needed&rft.pub=Vesti&rft.date=2014-03-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vesti.bg%2Fbulgaria%2Fobshtestvo%2Fnsi-prebroiavaneto-ot-2011-g.-e-sgresheno-nuzhno-e-novo-6008424&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-294"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-294"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bnt.bg/bg/a/221926-skandalni-tva-rdeniya-za-netochnosti-v-prebroyavaneto-prez-2011-g">"Scandalous claims of inaccuracies in the 2011 census"</A>. Bulgarian National Television. 25 March 2014<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">22 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Scandalous+claims+of+inaccuracies+in+the+2011+census&rft.pub=Bulgarian+National+Television&rft.date=2014-03-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bnt.bg%2Fbg%2Fa%2F221926-skandalni-tva-rdeniya-za-netochnosti-v-prebroyavaneto-prez-2011-g&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-295"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-295"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2075.html#bu">"Field listing: Ethnic Groups"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</A></I>. <A href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">21 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Field+listing%3A+Ethnic+Groups&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Ffields%2F2075.html%23bu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-296"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-296"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.klassa.bg/News/Read/article/216069_World+Bank%3A+The+demographic+crisis+is+Bulgaria%E2%80%99s+most+serious+problem">"World Bank: The demographic crisis is Bulgaria's most serious problem"</A>. <I>Klassa</I>. 15 November 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">8 April</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Bank%3A+The+demographic+crisis+is+Bulgaria%27s+most+serious+problem&rft.pub=%27%27Klassa%27%27&rft.date=2012-11-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.klassa.bg%2FNews%2FRead%2Farticle%2F216069_World%2BBank%253A%2BThe%2Bdemographic%2Bcrisis%2Bis%2BBulgaria%25E2%2580%2599s%2Bmost%2Bserious%2Bproblem&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-BNR_crisis-297"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-BNR_crisis_297-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-BNR_crisis_297-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131105015344/http://bnr.bg/sites/en/Lifestyle/Life/Pages/1203DemographiccrisisDeepening.aspx">"Demographic crisis in Bulgaria deepening"</A>. Bulgarian National Radio. 12 March 2012. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bnr.bg/sites/en/Lifestyle/Life/Pages/1203DemographiccrisisDeepening.aspx">the original</A> on 5 November 2013<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">8 April</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Demographic+crisis+in+Bulgaria+deepening&rft.pub=Bulgarian+National+Radio&rft.date=2012-03-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbnr.bg%2Fsites%2Fen%2FLifestyle%2FLife%2FPages%2F1203DemographiccrisisDeepening.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-DW_Entry-298"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-DW_Entry_298-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-DW_Entry_298-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dw.com/en/will-eu-entry-shrink-bulgarias-population-even-more/a-2287183">"Will EU Entry Shrink Bulgaria's Population Even More?"</A>. Deutsche Welle. 26 December 2006<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">11 April</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Will+EU+Entry+Shrink+Bulgaria%27s+Population+Even+More%3F&rft.pub=Deutsche+Welle&rft.date=2006-12-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fwill-eu-entry-shrink-bulgarias-population-even-more%2Fa-2287183&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-299"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-299"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Roth, Klaus; Lauth Bacas, Jutta (2004). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=pNSGDpXT4A0C&pg=PA188&dq=bulgaria+emigration+1+million#v=onepage&q=bulgaria%20emigration%201%20million&f=false"><I>Migration In, From, and to Southeastern Europe</I></A>. The British Library. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783643108968" title="Special:BookSources/9783643108968">9783643108968</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Migration+In%2C+From%2C+and+to+Southeastern+Europe&rft.pub=The+British+Library&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9783643108968&rft.aulast=Roth&rft.aufirst=Klaus&rft.au=Lauth+Bacas%2C+Jutta&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DpNSGDpXT4A0C%26pg%3DPA188%26dq%3Dbulgaria%2Bemigration%2B1%2Bmillion%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dbulgaria%2520emigration%25201%2520million%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-300"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-300"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2127.html#bu">"Field Listing: Total Fertility Rate"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</A></I>. <A href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">25 February</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Field+Listing%3A+Total+Fertility+Rate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Ffields%2F2127.html%23bu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-301"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-301"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006114113/http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&plugin=1&language=en&pcode=tps00018">"Eurostat – Tables, Graphs and Maps Interface (TGM) table"</A>. Eurostat. 17 October 2013. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&plugin=1&language=en&pcode=tps00018">the original</A> on 6 October 2014<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">25 February</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eurostat+%E2%80%93+Tables%2C+Graphs+and+Maps+Interface+%28TGM%29+table&rft.pub=Eurostat&rft.date=2013-10-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fepp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu%2Ftgm%2Ftable.do%3Ftab%3Dtable%26plugin%3D1%26language%3Den%26pcode%3Dtps00018&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-302"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-302"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2002rank.html?countryName=Bulgaria&countryCode=bu&regionCode=eur&rank=228#bu">"Country Comparison: Population growth rate"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</A></I>. <A href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Country+Comparison%3A+Population+growth+rate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2002rank.html%3FcountryName%3DBulgaria%26countryCode%3Dbu%26regionCode%3Deur%26rank%3D228%23bu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-303"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-303"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2054rank.html?countryName=Bulgaria&countryCode=bu&regionCode=eur&rank=205#bu">"Country Comparison: Birth rate"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</A></I>. <A href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">8 April</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Country+Comparison%3A+Birth+rate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2054rank.html%3FcountryName%3DBulgaria%26countryCode%3Dbu%26regionCode%3Deur%26rank%3D205%23bu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-304"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-304"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2066rank.html?countryName=Bulgaria&countryCode=bu&regionCode=eur&rank=9#bu">"Country Comparison: Death rate"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</A></I>. <A href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">8 April</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Country+Comparison%3A+Death+rate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2066rank.html%3FcountryName%3DBulgaria%26countryCode%3Dbu%26regionCode%3Deur%26rank%3D9%23bu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-305"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-305"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Country Health Profile, p. 1</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-306"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-306"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/file_import/joint-report_bg_en_2.pdf">"Bulgaria: Health Care & Long-Term Care Systems"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. European Commission<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 May</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria%3A+Health+Care+%26+Long-Term+Care+Systems&rft.pub=European+Commission&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Finfo%2Fsites%2Finfo%2Ffiles%2Ffile_import%2Fjoint-report_bg_en_2.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Health_system-307"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Health_system_307-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Georgieva, Lidia; Salchev, Petko (2007). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/80592/E90023.pdf">"Bulgaria Health system review"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. <I>Health Systems in Transition</I>. European observatory on health systems and policies. <B>9</B> (1): xvi, 12. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1817-6127">1817-6127</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Systems+in+Transition&rft.atitle=Bulgaria+Health+system+review&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=xvi%2C+12&rft.date=2007&rft.issn=1817-6127&rft.aulast=Georgieva&rft.aufirst=Lidia&rft.au=Salchev%2C+Petko&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.euro.who.int%2F__data%2Fassets%2Fpdf_file%2F0006%2F80592%2FE90023.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-308"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-308"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Country Health Profile, p. 7</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-309"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-309"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Country Health Profile, pp. 8, 11, 12.</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-310"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-310"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=146868">"The Bulgaria 2012 Review: Health and Healthcare"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 7 January 2013<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">21 February</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Bulgaria+2012+Review%3A+Health+and+Healthcare&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2013-01-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D146868&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-UNICEF-311"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-UNICEF_311-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-UNICEF_311-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304055249/http://www.unicef.org/ceecis/Bulgaria.pdf">"Education in Bulgaria"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. UNICEF. 2007. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unicef.org/ceecis/Bulgaria.pdf">the original</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN> on 4 March 2016<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">23 March</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Education+in+Bulgaria&rft.pub=UNICEF&rft.date=2007&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicef.org%2Fceecis%2FBulgaria.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20066-312"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20066_312-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress20066_312-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFLibrary_of_Congress2006">Library of Congress 2006</A>, p. 6.</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-313"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-313"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sofiaglobe.com/2016/12/06/international-study-40-of-bulgarian-ninth-graders-functionally-illiterate-in-science-maths-and-reading/">"International study: 40% of Bulgarian ninth-graders functionally illiterate in science, maths and reading"</A>. <I>The Sofia Globe</I>. 12 June 2016<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">21 May</SPAN> 2017</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=International+study%3A+40%25+of+Bulgarian+ninth-graders+functionally+illiterate+in+science%2C+maths+and+reading&rft.pub=%27%27The+Sofia+Globe%27%27&rft.date=2016-06-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsofiaglobe.com%2F2016%2F12%2F06%2Finternational-study-40-of-bulgarian-ninth-graders-functionally-illiterate-in-science-maths-and-reading%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-314"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-314"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2103.html#bu">"Field Listing: Literacy"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</A></I>. <A href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 May</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Field+Listing%3A+Literacy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Ffields%2F2103.html%23bu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-315"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-315"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120111221228/http://www.mon.bg/english/high/system_educ.htm">"Structure of the Education System in Bulgaria"</A>. Ministry of Education, Youth and Science of Bulgaria. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mon.bg/english/high/system_educ.htm">the original</A> on 11 January 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Structure+of+the+Education+System+in+Bulgaria&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Education%2C+Youth+and+Science+of+Bulgaria&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mon.bg%2Fenglish%2Fhigh%2Fsystem_educ.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-316"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-316"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/2018/world-ranking#!/page/0/length/25/locations/BG/sort_by/rank/sort_order/asc/cols/stats">"Bulgaria: University Ranking"</A>. Times Higher Education<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria%3A+University+Ranking&rft.pub=Times+Higher+Education&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeshighereducation.com%2Fworld-university-rankings%2F2018%2Fworld-ranking%23%21%2Fpage%2F0%2Flength%2F25%2Flocations%2FBG%2Fsort_by%2Frank%2Fsort_order%2Fasc%2Fcols%2Fstats&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-317"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-317"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/where-to-study/study-in-bulgaria">"Study in Bulgaria"</A>. Times Higher Education<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 May</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Study+in+Bulgaria&rft.pub=Times+Higher+Education&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeshighereducation.com%2Fstudent%2Fwhere-to-study%2Fstudy-in-bulgaria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-318"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-318"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book"><A href="/wiki/Paul_Robert_Magocsi" title="Paul Robert Magocsi">Paul Robert Magocsi</A> (1999). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=bulgarian+ortgodox+church&btnG=Search+Books&tbm=bks&tbo=1#hl=en&tbo=1&tbm=bks&sclient=psy-ab&q=bulgarian+ortgodox+church+first+slavic+church&oq=bulgarian+ortgodox+church+first+slavic+church&aq=f&aqi=&aql=&gs_l=serp.3...7619l14265l0l15224l22l21l1l0l0l0l214l2823l0j20j1l22l0.frgbld.&pbx=1&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_qf.,cf.osb&fp=cb461d43581491a1&biw=1152&bih=749"><I>Encyclopedia of Canada's peoples</I></A>. University of Toronto Press<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Canada%27s+peoples&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.au=Paul+Robert+Magocsi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fsearch%3Fq%3Dbulgarian%2Bortgodox%2Bchurch%26btnG%3DSearch%2BBooks%26tbm%3Dbks%26tbo%3D1%23hl%3Den%26tbo%3D1%26tbm%3Dbks%26sclient%3Dpsy-ab%26q%3Dbulgarian%2Bortgodox%2Bchurch%2Bfirst%2Bslavic%2Bchurch%26oq%3Dbulgarian%2Bortgodox%2Bchurch%2Bfirst%2Bslavic%2Bchurch%26aq%3Df%26aqi%3D%26aql%3D%26gs_l%3Dserp.3...7619l14265l0l15224l22l21l1l0l0l0l214l2823l0j20j1l22l0.frgbld.%26pbx%3D1%26bav%3Don.2%2Cor.r_gc.r_pw.r_qf.%2Ccf.osb%26fp%3Dcb461d43581491a1%26biw%3D1152%26bih%3D749&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-319"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-319"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A href="/wiki/James_David_Bourchier" title="James David Bourchier">James David Bourchier</A> (1911). <A class="external text" href="http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Bulgaria/Language">"Bulgaria – Language"</A>. Encyclopædia Britannica 1911<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+Language&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+1911&rft.date=1911&rft.au=James+David+Bourchier&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2F1911_Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica%2FBulgaria%2FLanguage&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20115-320"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20115_320-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENSI_Census_data20115_320-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFNSI_Census_data2011">NSI Census data 2011</A>, p. 5.</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-321"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-321"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/bulgarias-muslims-not-deeply-religious-study-8817">"Bulgaria's Muslims not deeply religious: study"</A>. Hürriyet Daily News. 9 December 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria%27s+Muslims+not+deeply+religious%3A+study&rft.pub=H%C3%BCrriyet+Daily+News&rft.date=2011-12-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hurriyetdailynews.com%2Fbulgarias-muslims-not-deeply-religious-study-8817&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-322"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-322"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Kiminas, D. (2009). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=QLWqXrW2X-8C&lpg=PA2&dq=927%20recognized%20constantinople%20bulgarian%20patriarch&pg=PA15#v=onepage&q=927&f=false"><I>The Ecumenical Patriarchate</I></A>. Wildside Press LLC. p. 15. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4344-5876-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4344-5876-6">978-1-4344-5876-6</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ecumenical+Patriarchate&rft.pages=15&rft.pub=Wildside+Press+LLC.&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-4344-5876-6&rft.aulast=Kiminas&rft.aufirst=D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DQLWqXrW2X-8C%26lpg%3DPA2%26dq%3D927%2520recognized%2520constantinople%2520bulgarian%2520patriarch%26pg%3DPA15%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D927%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-323"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-323"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Carvalho, Joaquim (2007). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=jR98-Ata0CkC&lpg=PT257&pg=PT274#v=onepage&q=927&f=false"><I>Religion and power in Europe: conflict and convergence</I></A>. Pisa University Press. p. 257. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-8492-464-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-8492-464-3">978-88-8492-464-3</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religion+and+power+in+Europe%3A+conflict+and+convergence&rft.pages=257&rft.pub=Pisa+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-88-8492-464-3&rft.aulast=Carvalho&rft.aufirst=Joaquim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DjR98-Ata0CkC%26lpg%3DPT257%26pg%3DPT274%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D927%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-324"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-324"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Bulgarian-Orthodox-Church">"Bulgarian Orthodox Church"</A>. Encyclopædia Britannica<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgarian+Orthodox+Church&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FBulgarian-Orthodox-Church&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-325"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-325"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parliament.bg/en/const">"The Bulgarian Constitution"</A>. Parliament of Bulgaria<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Bulgarian+Constitution&rft.pub=Parliament+of+Bulgaria&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.parliament.bg%2Fen%2Fconst&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Cultural_life-326"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-Cultural_life_326-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Cultural_life_326-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Cultural_life_326-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Cultural_life_326-3"><SUP><I><B>d</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Cultural_life_326-4"><SUP><I><B>e</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Cultural_life_326-5"><SUP><I><B>f</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Cultural_life_326-6"><SUP><I><B>g</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Bulgaria/The-arts">"Bulgaria – The arts"</A>. Encyclopædia Britannica<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>. <Q>The early impetus of Bulgarian traditions in the arts was cut short by the Ottoman occupation in the 14th century, and many early masterpieces were destroyed. ... the foundations were laid for later artists such as Vladimir Dimitrov, an extremely gifted painter specializing in the rural scenes of his native country ... At the beginning of the 21st century, the best-known contemporary Bulgarian artist was Christo, an environmental sculptor known for wrapping famous structures</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+The+arts&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FBulgaria%2FThe-arts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-327"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-327"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">MacDermott, Mercia (1998). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=gh4IE6toGJMC&pg=PA32&dq=bulgarian+traditions#v=onepage&q=folklore&f=false"><I>Bulgarian folk customs</I></A>. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. pp. 64–70. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85302-485-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-85302-485-6">1-85302-485-6</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">24 April</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bulgarian+folk+customs&rft.pages=64-70&rft.pub=Jessica+Kingsley+Publishers&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=1-85302-485-6&rft.aulast=MacDermott&rft.aufirst=Mercia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3Dgh4IE6toGJMC%26pg%3DPA32%26dq%3Dbulgarian%2Btraditions%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dfolklore%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-328"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-328"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Creed, Gerald W. (2011). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=ilhCTCHKCAQC&pg=PA53&dq=kukeri#v=onepage&q=kukeri&f=false"><I>Masquerade and Postsocialism: Ritual and Cultural Dispossession in Bulgaria</I></A>. Indiana University Press. p. 2. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-253-22261-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-253-22261-9">978-0-253-22261-9</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">29 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Masquerade+and+Postsocialism%3A+Ritual+and+Cultural+Dispossession+in+Bulgaria&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-253-22261-9&rft.aulast=Creed&rft.aufirst=Gerald+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DilhCTCHKCAQC%26pg%3DPA53%26dq%3Dkukeri%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dkukeri%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-329"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-329"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bnt.bg/en/a/179851-the-bulgarian-tradition-of-martenitsa">"The Bulgarian Tradition of Martenitsa"</A>. Bulgarian National Television. 1 March 2018<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Bulgarian+Tradition+of+Martenitsa&rft.pub=Bulgarian+National+Television&rft.date=2018-03-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bnt.bg%2Fen%2Fa%2F179851-the-bulgarian-tradition-of-martenitsa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-330"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-330"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">MacDermott, Mercia (1998). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=gh4IE6toGJMC&pg=PA226&dq=nestinarstvo#v=onepage&q=nestinarstvo&f=false"><I>Bulgarian Folk Customs</I></A>. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. p. 226. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85302-485-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-85302-485-6">1-85302-485-6</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>. <Q>While dancing round fires and jumping over fires forms part of many Slav customs, dancing <I>on</I> fire does not, and it is therefore likely that nestinarstvo was inherited by the Bulgarians from the Hellenized Thracians who inhabited the land before them.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bulgarian+Folk+Customs&rft.pages=226&rft.pub=Jessica+Kingsley+Publishers&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=1-85302-485-6&rft.aulast=MacDermott&rft.aufirst=Mercia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3Dgh4IE6toGJMC%26pg%3DPA226%26dq%3Dnestinarstvo%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dnestinarstvo%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-331"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-331"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/nestinarstvo-messages-from-the-past-the-panagyr-of-saints-constantine-and-helena-in-the-village-of-bulgari-00191">"Nestinarstvo, messages from the past: the Panagyr of Saints Constantine and Helena in the village of Bulgari"</A>. UNESCO<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nestinarstvo%2C+messages+from+the+past%3A+the+Panagyr+of+Saints+Constantine+and+Helena+in+the+village+of+Bulgari&rft.pub=UNESCO&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fich.unesco.org%2Fen%2FRL%2Fnestinarstvo-messages-from-the-past-the-panagyr-of-saints-constantine-and-helena-in-the-village-of-bulgari-00191&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-332"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-332"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/bg">"Bulgaria – Profile"</A>. UNESCO World Heritage Centre<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+%E2%80%93+Profile&rft.pub=UNESCO+World+Heritage+Centre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fen%2Fstatesparties%2Fbg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-EBLiterature-333"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-EBLiterature_333-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-EBLiterature_333-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-EBLiterature_333-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-EBLiterature_333-3"><SUP><I><B>d</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-EBLiterature_333-4"><SUP><I><B>e</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/art/Bulgarian-literature">"Bulgarian Literature"</A>. Encyclopædia Britannica<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgarian+Literature&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fart%2FBulgarian-literature&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-334"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-334"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Giatzidis, Emil (2002). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=MUVgsK_GfxYC&pg=PA11&dq=bulgaria+slavic+culture#v=onepage&q=bulgaria%20slavic%20culture&f=false"><I>An Introduction to post-Communist Bulgaria: Political, economic and social transformation</I></A>. Manchester University Press. p. 11. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7190-6094-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-7190-6094-X">0-7190-6094-X</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>. <Q>Thus, with its early emphasis on Christian Orthodox scholarship, Bulgaria became the first major centre of Slavic culture</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+post-Communist+Bulgaria%3A+Political%2C+economic+and+social+transformation&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-7190-6094-X&rft.aulast=Giatzidis&rft.aufirst=Emil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DMUVgsK_GfxYC%26pg%3DPA11%26dq%3Dbulgaria%2Bslavic%2Bculture%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dbulgaria%2520slavic%2520culture%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-335"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-335"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Riha, Thomas (1964). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=_Bkddxc600IC&pg=PA214&dq=bulgaria+slavic+culture#v=onepage&q=bulgaria%20slavic%20culture&f=false"><I>Readings in Russian Civilization</I></A>. University of Chicago press. p. 214. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-226-71853-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-226-71853-0">0-226-71853-0</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>. <Q>And it was mainly from Bulgaria that a rich supply of literary monuments was transferred to Kiev and other centres.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Readings+in+Russian+Civilization&rft.pages=214&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+press&rft.date=1964&rft.isbn=0-226-71853-0&rft.aulast=Riha&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3D_Bkddxc600IC%26pg%3DPA214%26dq%3Dbulgaria%2Bslavic%2Bculture%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dbulgaria%2520slavic%2520culture%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-336"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-336"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">McNeill, William Hardy (1963). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=_RsPrzrsAvoC&pg=PA449&dq=bulgaria+slavic+culture#v=onepage&q=bulgaria%20slavic%20culture&f=false"><I>The Rise of the West</I></A>. The University of Chicago Press. p. 49. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-226-56141-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-226-56141-0">0-226-56141-0</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>. <Q>Accordingly, when Bulgaria was converted to Christianity (after 865), bringing massive Slavic-speaking populations within the pale of Christendom, a new literary language, Old Church Slavonic, directly based upon Bulgarian speech, developed for their use.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rise+of+the+West&rft.pages=49&rft.pub=The+University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1963&rft.isbn=0-226-56141-0&rft.aulast=McNeill&rft.aufirst=William+Hardy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3D_RsPrzrsAvoC%26pg%3DPA449%26dq%3Dbulgaria%2Bslavic%2Bculture%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dbulgaria%2520slavic%2520culture%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-337"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-337"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Ertl, Alan W (2008). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=X9PGRaZt-zcC&pg=PA436&dq=preslav+school+cyrillic#v=onepage&q=preslav%20school%20cyrillic&f=false"><I>Toward understanding Europe: A political précis of continental integration</I></A>. Universal Publishers, Inc. p. 436. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59942-983-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-59942-983-7">1-59942-983-7</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>. <Q>At the beginning of the 10th century a new alphabet – the Cyrillic alphabet – was developed on the basis of Greek and Glagolitic cursive at the Preslav Literary School.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Toward+understanding+Europe%3A+A+political+pr%C3%A9cis+of+continental+integration&rft.pages=436&rft.pub=Universal+Publishers%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=1-59942-983-7&rft.aulast=Ertl&rft.aufirst=Alan+W&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DX9PGRaZt-zcC%26pg%3DPA436%26dq%3Dpreslav%2Bschool%2Bcyrillic%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dpreslav%2520school%2520cyrillic%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-338"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-338"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=94265">"French-Bulgarian Theorist Tzvetan Todorov Wins Top Spanish Award"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 18 June 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=French-Bulgarian+Theorist+Tzvetan+Todorov+Wins+Top+Spanish+Award&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2008-06-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D94265&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-339"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-339"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Lorenz, Dagmar C.G. (17 April 2004). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.litencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=725">"Elias Canetti"</A>. <I>Literary Encyclopedia</I>. The Literary Dictionary Company Limited. 1.4.1. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1747-678X">1747-678X</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Literary+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=Elias+Canetti&rft.volume=1.4.1&rft.date=2004-04-17&rft.issn=1747-678X&rft.aulast=Lorenz&rft.aufirst=Dagmar+C.G.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.litencyc.com%2Fphp%2Fspeople.php%3Frec%3Dtrue%26UID%3D725&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-340"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-340"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Grabar, André (1928). <I>La peinture religiouse en Bulgarie</I>. P. Geuthner. p. 95.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+peinture+religiouse+en+Bulgarie&rft.pages=95&rft.pub=P.+Geuthner&rft.date=1928&rft.aulast=Grabar&rft.aufirst=Andr%C3%A9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN>ASIN: B005ZI4OV8</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-341"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-341"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Kremenliev, Boris A. (1952). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=wOOfVFJWMLIC&pg=PA52&dq=bulgarian+music#v=onepage&q=bulgarian%20music&f=false"><I>Bulgarian-Macedonian Folk Music</I></A>. University of California Press. p. 52<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>. <Q>Bulgaria's scales are numerous, and it may be demonstrated that they are a fusion of Eastern and Western influences. ... first, Oriental scales; second, church modes: the osmoglasie ... third, the conventional scales of Western Europe. ... Among the scales which have comes to the Balkans from Asia, the pentatonic is one of the most widely used in Bulgaria. Whether it came from China or Japan, as Dobri Hristov suggests...</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bulgarian-Macedonian+Folk+Music&rft.pages=52&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1952&rft.aulast=Kremenliev&rft.aufirst=Boris+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DwOOfVFJWMLIC%26pg%3DPA52%26dq%3Dbulgarian%2Bmusic%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dbulgarian%2520music%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-342"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-342"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/32nd-annual-grammy-awards">"32nd Grammy Awards Winners"</A>. Grammy Awards<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">28 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=32nd+Grammy+Awards+Winners&rft.pub=Grammy+Awards&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.grammy.com%2Fgrammys%2Fawards%2F32nd-annual-grammy-awards&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-343"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-343"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Lang, David Marshall (1976). <I>The Bulgarians: from pagan times to the Ottoman conquest</I>. Westview Press. p. 145. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89158-530-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89158-530-5">978-0-89158-530-5</A>. <Q>John Kukuzel, the eminent Bulgarian/born reformer of Byzantine music.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bulgarians%3A+from+pagan+times+to+the+Ottoman+conquest&rft.pages=145&rft.pub=Westview+Press&rft.date=1976&rft.isbn=978-0-89158-530-5&rft.aulast=Lang&rft.aufirst=David+Marshall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-344"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-344"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120623132141/http://bnr.bg/sites/en/Music/Pages/2510The20112012seasonoftOperaand.aspx">"The 2011/2012 season of the National Opera and Ballet House"</A>. Bulgarian National Radio. 25 October 2011. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bnr.bg/sites/en/Music/Pages/2510The20112012seasonoftOperaand.aspx">the original</A> on 23 June 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+2011%2F2012+season+of+the+National+Opera+and+Ballet+House&rft.pub=Bulgarian+National+Radio&rft.date=2011-10-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbnr.bg%2Fsites%2Fen%2FMusic%2FPages%2F2510The20112012seasonoftOperaand.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-345"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-345"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1491905/Ghena-Dimitrova.html">"Obituary: Ghena Dimitrova"</A>. <I><SPAN></SPAN></I>The Telegraph<I><SPAN></SPAN></I>. 13 June 2005<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%27%27The+Telegraph%27%27&rft.atitle=Obituary%3A+Ghena+Dimitrova&rft.date=2005-06-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fobituaries%2F1491905%2FGhena-Dimitrova.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-346"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-346"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news">Forbes, Elizabeth (29 June 1993). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-boris-christoff-1494547.html">"Obituary: Boris Christoff"</A>. <I><SPAN></SPAN></I>The Independent<I><SPAN></SPAN></I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%27%27The+Independent%27%27&rft.atitle=Obituary%3A+Boris+Christoff&rft.date=1993-06-29&rft.aulast=Forbes&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fpeople%2Fobituary-boris-christoff-1494547.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-347"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-347"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news">Kozinn, Allan (29 June 1993). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/06/29/obituaries/boris-christoff-bass-dies-at-79-esteemed-for-his-boris-godunov.html">"Boris Christoff, Bass, Dies at 79; Esteemed for His Boris Godunov"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</A></I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Boris+Christoff%2C+Bass%2C+Dies+at+79%3B+Esteemed+for+His+Boris+Godunov&rft.date=1993-06-29&rft.aulast=Kozinn&rft.aufirst=Allan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1993%2F06%2F29%2Fobituaries%2Fboris-christoff-bass-dies-at-79-esteemed-for-his-boris-godunov.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-348"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-348"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news">Midgette, Anne (3 June 2004). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2004/06/03/arts/nicolai-ghiaurov-operatic-bass-dies-at-74.html">"Nicolai Ghiaurov, Operatic Bass, Dies at 74"</A>. <I><SPAN></SPAN></I><A href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</A><I><SPAN></SPAN></I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">13 December</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%27%27The+New+York+Times%27%27&rft.atitle=Nicolai+Ghiaurov%2C+Operatic+Bass%2C+Dies+at+74&rft.date=2004-06-03&rft.aulast=Midgette&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2004%2F06%2F03%2Farts%2Fnicolai-ghiaurov-operatic-bass-dies-at-74.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-349"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-349"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ejc.net/media_landscapes/bulgaria">"Media Landscape – Bulgaria"</A>. European Journalism Centre<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">2 May</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Media+Landscape+%E2%80%93+Bulgaria&rft.pub=European+Journalism+Centre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fejc.net%2Fmedia_landscapes%2Fbulgaria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200618,_23-350"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELibrary_of_Congress200618,_23_350-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFLibrary_of_Congress2006">Library of Congress 2006</A>, pp. 18, 23.</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-landscape-351"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-landscape_351-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ejc.net/media_landscape/article/bulgaria/">Media Landscape – Bulgaria</A>, European Journalism Centre <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100722014211/http://www.ejc.net/media_landscape/article/bulgaria/">Archived</A> 22 July 2010 at the <A href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</A>.</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-RSF-352"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-RSF_352-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-RSF_352-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rsf.org/en/bulgaria">"Bulgaria"</A>. <A href="/wiki/Reporters_Without_Borders" title="Reporters Without Borders">Reporters Without Borders</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 May</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria&rft.pub=Reporters+Without+Borders&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frsf.org%2Fen%2Fbulgaria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-guardian1-353"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-guardian1_353-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/media/greenslade/2014/sep/23/press-freedom-bulgaria">"Why Bulgaria is the EU's lowest ranked country on press freedom index"</A>. <I>The Guardian</I>. 23 September 2014<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 May</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Why+Bulgaria+is+the+EU%27s+lowest+ranked+country+on+press+freedom+index&rft.pub=%27%27The+Guardian%27%27&rft.date=2014-09-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmedia%2Fgreenslade%2F2014%2Fsep%2F23%2Fpress-freedom-bulgaria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-Cuisine-354"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-Cuisine_354-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Cuisine_354-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Albala, Ken (2011). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=zG1H75z0EYYC&pg=RA3-PA61&dq=bulgaria+slavic+culture#v=onepage&q=bulgaria%20slavic%20culture&f=false"><I>Food Cultures of the World Encyclopedia</I></A>. ABC-CLIO. pp. 61, 62. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-37626-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-37626-9">978-0-313-37626-9</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Food+Cultures+of+the+World+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=61%2C+62&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-313-37626-9&rft.aulast=Albala&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DzG1H75z0EYYC%26pg%3DRA3-PA61%26dq%3Dbulgaria%2Bslavic%2Bculture%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dbulgaria%2520slavic%2520culture%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-355"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-355"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=136420">"Bulgaria Bounces Back"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 7 February 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">7 February</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+Bounces+Back&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2012-02-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D136420&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-356"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-356"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novinite.com/articles/176970/Bulgaria+Ranks+22nd+in+World+Wine+Production">"Bulgaria ranks 22nd in wine"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 21 October 2016.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+ranks+22nd+in+wine&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2016-10-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Farticles%2F176970%2FBulgaria%2BRanks%2B22nd%2Bin%2BWorld%2BWine%2BProduction&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-357"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-357"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://seenews.com/news/bulgaria-plans-to-export-62-mln-litres-of-wine-from-2016-grape-harvest-558027">"Bulgaria wine production 2016"</A>. See news. 14 February 2017.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+wine+production+2016&rft.pub=See+news&rft.date=2017-02-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fseenews.com%2Fnews%2Fbulgaria-plans-to-export-62-mln-litres-of-wine-from-2016-grape-harvest-558027&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-358"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-358"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagonow.com/chicago-eats/2017/05/wines-of-bulgaria-are-they-the-next-must-have-wine/">"Wines of Bulgaria"</A>. <I>Chicago Now</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">30 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wines+of+Bulgaria&rft.pub=%27%27Chicago+Now%27%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagonow.com%2Fchicago-eats%2F2017%2F05%2Fwines-of-bulgaria-are-they-the-next-must-have-wine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-359"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-359"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://novinite.com/view_news.php?id=132826">"Archeological Find Proves Rakia Is Bulgarian Invention"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 10 October 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archeological+Find+Proves+Rakia+Is+Bulgarian+Invention&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2011-10-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnovinite.com%2Fview_news.php%3Fid%3D132826&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-360"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-360"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110928142341/http://www.bgolympic.org/fce/index.shtml?s=001&p=0039&n=000001">"Athens 1896"</A>. Bulgarian Olympic Committee. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bgolympic.org/fce/index.shtml?s=001&p=0039&n=000001">the original</A> on 28 September 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Athens+1896&rft.pub=Bulgarian+Olympic+Committee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bgolympic.org%2Ffce%2Findex.shtml%3Fs%3D001%26p%3D0039%26n%3D000001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-361"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-361"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.olympic.org/bulgaria">"Bulgaria"</A>. Official website of the Olympic movement<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria&rft.pub=Official+website+of+the+Olympic+movement&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.olympic.org%2Fbulgaria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Sport-362"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-Sport_362-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Sport_362-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Sport_362-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Sport_362-3"><SUP><I><B>d</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Bulgaria/The-arts#ref42718">"Bulgaria- Sport and recreation"</A>. Encyclopædia Britannica<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">22 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>. <Q>In international sports competition, Bulgarians have excelled in tennis, wrestling, boxing, and gymnastics, but the country's greatest repute may be in weight-lifting. ... Fans of football (soccer), the most popular sport in Bulgaria, were buoyed by the success of the national team in the 1994 World Cup, when it advanced to the semi-final match under the leadership of forward Hristo Stoichkov. The premier league in Bulgaria has 16 teams, of which four play in Sofia: CSKA, Levski, Slavia, and Lokomotiv.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria-+Sport+and+recreation&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FBulgaria%2FThe-arts%23ref42718&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-363"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-363"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/highest-high-jump-(female)">"Highest high jump (female)"</A>. The Guinness World Records<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">22 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Highest+high+jump+%28female%29&rft.pub=The+Guinness+World+Records&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guinnessworldrecords.com%2Fworld-records%2Fhighest-high-jump-%28female%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-364"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-364"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lobandsmash.com/2017/11/15/grigor-dimitrov-bulgarias-best-tennis/">"Grigor Dimitrov: Bulgaria's best in men's tennis making waves"</A>. <I>Lob and Smash</I>. December 2017<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">22 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grigor+Dimitrov%3A+Bulgaria%E2%80%99s+best+in+men%E2%80%99s+tennis+making+waves&rft.pub=%27%27Lob+and+Smash%27%27&rft.date=2017-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flobandsmash.com%2F2017%2F11%2F15%2Fgrigor-dimitrov-bulgarias-best-tennis%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-365"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-365"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fcbarcelona.com/club/history/card/hristo-stoichkov">"Hristo Stoichkov"</A>. FC Barcelona<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">22 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hristo+Stoichkov&rft.pub=FC+Barcelona&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fcbarcelona.com%2Fclub%2Fhistory%2Fcard%2Fhristo-stoichkov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-366"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-366"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111106213859/http://www.epfl-europeanleagues.com/fao/hristo_stoichkov.htm">"Hristo Stoichkov – Bulgarian League Ambassador"</A>. Professional Football Against Hunger. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.epfl-europeanleagues.com/fao/hristo_stoichkov.htm">the original</A> on 6 November 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hristo+Stoichkov+%E2%80%93+Bulgarian+League+Ambassador&rft.pub=Professional+Football+Against+Hunger&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.epfl-europeanleagues.com%2Ffao%2Fhristo_stoichkov.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-367"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-367"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.novinite.com/articles/78723/Levski%2C+CSKA+Score+Emphatic+Wins+Before+">"Eternal+Derby" "Levski, CSKA Score Emphatic Wins Before "Eternal Derby<SPAN style="padding-right:0.2em;">"</SPAN>"</A>. <I>Novinite</I>. 1 April 2007<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">22 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Levski%2C+CSKA+Score+Emphatic+Wins+Before+%22Eternal+Derby%22&rft.pub=%27%27Novinite%27%27&rft.date=2007-04-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.novinite.com%2Farticles%2F78723%2FLevski%252C%2BCSKA%2BScore%2BEmphatic%2BWins%2BBefore%2B%22Eternal%2BDerby%22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-368"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-368"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.espn.com/soccer/blog/name/93/post/2037103/headline">"Plucky Ludogorets' rise to the Champions League group stage"</A>. <I>ESPN</I>. 16 September 2014<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">22 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Plucky+Ludogorets%27+rise+to+the+Champions+League+group+stage&rft.pub=%27%27ESPN%27%27&rft.date=2014-09-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fsoccer%2Fblog%2Fname%2F93%2Fpost%2F2037103%2Fheadline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-369"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-369"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uefa.com/memberassociations/uefarankings/club/index.html#/yr/2018">"Club Coefficients"</A>. UEFA<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">22 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Club+Coefficients&rft.pub=UEFA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.uefa.com%2Fmemberassociations%2Fuefarankings%2Fclub%2Findex.html%23%2Fyr%2F2018&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
</OL></DIV></DIV>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Bibliography">Bibliography</SPAN></H2>
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<UL><LI><CITE id="CITEREFNSI_Census_data2017" class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nsi.bg/bg/content/2975/%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5-%D0%BF%D0%BE-%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8-%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8-%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5-%D0%B8-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB">"Population by Province, Municipality, Address and Sex as of 31.12.2017"</A> (in Bulgarian). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 2017<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">22 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+by+Province%2C+Municipality%2C+Address+and+Sex+as+of+31.12.2017&rft.pub=National+Statistical+Institute+of+Bulgaria&rft.date=2017&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nsi.bg%2Fbg%2Fcontent%2F2975%2F%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D1%2581%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B5-%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE-%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B1%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8-%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B1%25D1%2589%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8-%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B6%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5-%25D0%25B8-%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFNSI_Census_data2011" class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nsi.bg/sites/default/files/files/pressreleases/Census2011final.pdf">"Final Results of the 2011 census"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN> (in Bulgarian). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">22 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Final+Results+of+the+2011+census&rft.pub=National+Statistical+Institute+of+Bulgaria&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nsi.bg%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Ffiles%2Fpressreleases%2FCensus2011final.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFNSI_Brochure2018" class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nsi.bg/sites/default/files/files/publications/Brochure_Bulgaria2018.pdf">"Bulgaria 2018"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN> (in Bulgarian and English). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 2018<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">23 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+2018&rft.pub=National+Statistical+Institute+of+Bulgaria&rft.date=2018&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nsi.bg%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Ffiles%2Fpublications%2FBrochure_Bulgaria2018.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFChen2012" class="citation book">Chen, Sanping (2012). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.bg/books?id=ugbWH-5OjegC"><I>Multicultural China in the Early Middle Ages</I></A>. University of Pennsylvania Press. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0812206282" title="Special:BookSources/0812206282">0812206282</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Multicultural+China+in+the+Early+Middle+Ages&rft.pub=University+of+Pennsylvania+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=0812206282&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Sanping&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.bg%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DugbWH-5OjegC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE class="citation book">Crampton, R. J. (2005). <I>A Concise History of Bulgaria</I>. Cambridge University Press. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-61637-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-61637-9">978-0-521-61637-9</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Concise+History+of+Bulgaria&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-521-61637-9&rft.aulast=Crampton&rft.aufirst=R.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN>.</LI>
<LI><CITE class="citation book">Bell, John (1998). <I>Bulgaria in Transition: Politics, Economics, Society, and Culture after Communism</I>. Westview. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8133-9010-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8133-9010-9">978-0-8133-9010-9</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bulgaria+in+Transition%3A+Politics%2C+Economics%2C+Society%2C+and+Culture+after+Communism&rft.pub=Westview&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-8133-9010-9&rft.aulast=Bell&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE class="citation book"><A href="/wiki/Kristen_R._Ghodsee" title="Kristen R. Ghodsee">Ghodsee, Kristen R.</A> (2011). <I>Lost in Transition: Ethnographies of Everyday Life After Communism</I>. Duke University Press. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0822351023" title="Special:BookSources/978-0822351023">978-0822351023</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lost+in+Transition%3A+Ethnographies+of+Everyday+Life+After+Communism&rft.pub=Duke+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0822351023&rft.aulast=Ghodsee&rft.aufirst=Kristen+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE class="citation book"><A href="/wiki/Kristen_R._Ghodsee" title="Kristen R. Ghodsee">Ghodsee, Kristen R.</A> (2009). <I>Muslim Lives in Eastern Europe: Gender, Ethnicity and the Transformation of Islam in Postsocialist Bulgaria</I>. Princeton University Press. <A href="/wiki/Amazon_Standard_Identification_Number" title="Amazon Standard Identification Number">ASIN</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.amazon.com/dp/B015X41JMA">B015X41JMA</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muslim+Lives+in+Eastern+Europe%3A+Gender%2C+Ethnicity+and+the+Transformation+of+Islam+in+Postsocialist+Bulgaria&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Ghodsee&rft.aufirst=Kristen+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE class="citation book"><A href="/wiki/Kristen_R._Ghodsee" title="Kristen R. Ghodsee">Ghodsee, Kristen R.</A> (2005). <I>The Red Riviera: Gender, Tourism and Postsocialism on the Black Sea</I>. Duke University Press. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0822336624" title="Special:BookSources/978-0822336624">978-0822336624</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Red+Riviera%3A+Gender%2C+Tourism+and+Postsocialism+on+the+Black+Sea&rft.pub=Duke+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0822336624&rft.aulast=Ghodsee&rft.aufirst=Kristen+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFGolden1992" class="citation book"><A href="/wiki/Peter_Benjamin_Golden" title="Peter Benjamin Golden">Golden, Peter Benjamin</A> (1992). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/12545004/An_Introduction_to_the_History_of_the_Turkic_Peoples"><I>An introduction to the History of the Turkic peoples: ethnogenesis and state formation in medieval and early modern Eurasia and the Middle East</I></A>. <A href="/wiki/Harrassowitz_Verlag" title="Harrassowitz Verlag">Otto Harrassowitz</A>. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783447032742" title="Special:BookSources/9783447032742">9783447032742</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+introduction+to+the+History+of+the+Turkic+peoples%3A+ethnogenesis+and+state+formation+in+medieval+and+early+modern+Eurasia+and+the+Middle+East&rft.pub=Otto+Harrassowitz&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=9783447032742&rft.aulast=Golden&rft.aufirst=Peter+Benjamin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F12545004%2FAn_Introduction_to_the_History_of_the_Turkic_Peoples&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFKaratay2003" class="citation book">Karatay, Osman (2003). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.hr/books?id=h_Qu1ywX0-wC"><I>In Search of the Lost Tribe: The Origins and Making of the Croation Nation</I></A>. Ayse Demiral. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789756467077" title="Special:BookSources/9789756467077">9789756467077</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+Search+of+the+Lost+Tribe%3A+The+Origins+and+Making+of+the+Croation+Nation&rft.pub=Ayse+Demiral&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9789756467077&rft.aulast=Karatay&rft.aufirst=Osman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.hr%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dh_Qu1ywX0-wC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFLibrary_of_Congress2006" class="citation book"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/cs/profiles/Bulgaria.pdf"><I>Country Profile: Bulgaria</I></A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. <I><A href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Country_Studies" title="Library of Congress Country Studies">Library of Congress Country Studies</A></I>. Library of Congress. 2006<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">1 April</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Country+Profile%3A+Bulgaria&rft.pub=Library+of+Congress&rft.date=2006&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Frr%2Ffrd%2Fcs%2Fprofiles%2FBulgaria.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE class="citation book">Curtis, Glenn E.; Mitova, Pamela; Marsteller, William; Soper, Karl Wheeler (1992). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/item/93010955/"><I>Country Study: Bulgaria</I></A>. <I><A href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Country_Studies" title="Library of Congress Country Studies">Library of Congress Country Studies</A></I>. <A href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">6 August</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Country+Study%3A+Bulgaria&rft.pub=Library+of+Congress&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=Curtis&rft.aufirst=Glenn+E.&rft.au=Mitova%2C+Pamela&rft.au=Marsteller%2C+William&rft.au=Soper%2C+Karl+Wheeler&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Fitem%2F93010955%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN>
<UL><LI><CITE id="CITEREFHistorical_Setting" class="citation book">"Historical Setting". <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080920110251/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0013)"><I>Chapter 1</I></A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0013)">the original</A> on 20 September 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Historical+Setting&rft.btitle=Chapter+1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr%3Ffrd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID%2Bbg0013%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFThe_First_Golden_Age" class="citation book">"The First Golden Age". <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080921073705/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0016)"><I>Chapter 1</I></A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0016)">the original</A> on 21 September 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">13 October</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+First+Golden+Age&rft.btitle=Chapter+1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr%3Ffrd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID%2Bbg0016%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFThe_Final_Move_to_Independence" class="citation book">"The Final Move to Independence". <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080920110429/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0032)"><I>The Bulgarian Independence Movement</I></A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0032)">the original</A> on 20 September 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Final+Move+to+Independence&rft.btitle=The+Bulgarian+Independence+Movement&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr%3Ffrd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID%2Bbg0032%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFSan_Stefano,_Berlin_and_Independence" class="citation book">"San Stefano, Berlin, and Independence". <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080921073337/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0033)"><I>The Bulgarian Independence Movement</I></A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0033)">the original</A> on 21 September 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=San+Stefano%2C+Berlin%2C+and+Independence&rft.btitle=The+Bulgarian+Independence+Movement&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr%3Ffrd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID%2Bbg0033%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFBulgaria_in_World_War_II:_The_Passive_Alliance" class="citation book">"Bulgaria in World War II: The Passive Alliance". <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080921072906/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0052)"><I>World War II</I></A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0052)">the original</A> on 21 September 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Bulgaria+in+World+War+II%3A+The+Passive+Alliance&rft.btitle=World+War+II&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr%3Ffrd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID%2Bbg0052%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFWartime_Crisis" class="citation book">"Wartime Crisis". <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080920105850/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0053)"><I>World War II</I></A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0053)">the original</A> on 20 September 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Wartime+Crisis&rft.btitle=World+War+II&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr%3Ffrd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID%2Bbg0053%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFThe_Soviet_Occupation" class="citation book">"The Soviet Occupation". <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080921073515/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0054)"><I>World War II</I></A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0054)">the original</A> on 21 September 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">27 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Soviet+Occupation&rft.btitle=World+War+II&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr%3Ffrd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID%2Bbg0054%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFAfter_Stalin" class="citation book">"After Stalin". <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080920111401/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0059)"><I>Communist Consolidation</I></A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0059)">the original</A> on 20 September 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">24 April</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=After+Stalin&rft.btitle=Communist+Consolidation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr%3Ffrd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID%2Bbg0059%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFDomestic_Policy_and_Its_Results" class="citation book">"Domestic Policy and Its Results". <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080920111524/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0062)"><I>Communist Consolidation</I></A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0062)">the original</A> on 20 September 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Domestic+Policy+and+Its+Results&rft.btitle=Communist+Consolidation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr%3Ffrd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID%2Bbg0062%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFForeign_Affairs_in_the_1960s_and_1970s" class="citation book">"Foreign Affairs in the 1960s and 1970s". <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080921073626/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0066)"><I>The Zhivkov Era</I></A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0066)">the original</A> on 21 September 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Foreign+Affairs+in+the+1960s+and+1970s&rft.btitle=The+Zhivkov+Era&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr%3Ffrd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID%2Bbg0066%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFThe_Political_Atmosphere_in_the_1970s" class="citation book">"The Political Atmosphere in the 1970s". <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080920111029/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0068)"><I>The Zhivkov Era</I></A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0068)">the original</A> on 20 September 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Political+Atmosphere+in+the+1970s&rft.btitle=The+Zhivkov+Era&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr%3Ffrd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID%2Bbg0068%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFBulgaria_in_the_1980s" class="citation book">"Bulgaria in the 1980s". <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080920111641/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0069)"><I>The Zhivkov Era</I></A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0069)">the original</A> on 20 September 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">27 July</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Bulgaria+in+the+1980s&rft.btitle=The+Zhivkov+Era&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr%3Ffrd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID%2Bbg0069%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFTopography" class="citation book">"Topography". <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080921073600/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0072)"><I>The Society and its Environment</I></A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0072)">the original</A> on 21 September 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Topography&rft.btitle=The+Society+and+its+Environment&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr%3Ffrd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID%2Bbg0072%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFClimate" class="citation book">"Climate". <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080921073232/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0074)"><I>The Society and its Environment</I></A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0074)">the original</A> on 21 September 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Climate&rft.btitle=The+Society+and+its+Environment&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr%3Ffrd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID%2Bbg0074%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFThe_Economy" class="citation book">"The Economy". <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080920110820/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0102)"><I>Chapter 3</I></A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0102)">the original</A> on 20 September 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Economy&rft.btitle=Chapter+3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr%3Ffrd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID%2Bbg0102%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFResource_Base" class="citation book">"Resource Base". <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080920111053/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0103)"><I>The Economy</I></A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0103)">the original</A> on 20 September 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Resource+Base&rft.btitle=The+Economy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr%3Ffrd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID%2Bbg0103%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFGovernment_and_Politics" class="citation book">"Government and Politics". <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080921073159/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0149)"><I>Chapter 4</I></A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0149)">the original</A> on 21 September 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Government+and+Politics&rft.btitle=Chapter+4&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr%3Ffrd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID%2Bbg0149%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFArms_Sales" class="citation book">"Arms Sales". <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080920110247/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0225)"><I>National Security</I></A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0225)">the original</A> on 20 September 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">4 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Arms+Sales&rft.btitle=National+Security&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr%3Ffrd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID%2Bbg0225%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFMilitary_Personnel" class="citation book">"Military Personnel". <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080921073623/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0216)"><I>National Security</I></A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0216)">the original</A> on 21 September 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 December</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Military+Personnel&rft.btitle=National+Security&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr%3Ffrd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID%2Bbg0216%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFRoismanWorthington2011" class="citation book">Roisman, Joseph; Worthington, Ian (2011). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=QsJ183uUDkMC&pg=PA345&lpg=PA345&dq=Achaemenid+Persians+ruled+balkans#v=onepage&q=Achaemenid%20Persians%20ruled%20balkans&f=false"><I>A Companion to Ancient Macedonia</I></A>. John Wiley and Sons. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-14-4435-163-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-14-4435-163-7">978-14-4435-163-7</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Companion+to+Ancient+Macedonia&rft.pub=John+Wiley+and+Sons&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-14-4435-163-7&rft.aulast=Roisman&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.au=Worthington%2C+Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DQsJ183uUDkMC%26pg%3DPA345%26lpg%3DPA345%26dq%3DAchaemenid%2BPersians%2Bruled%2Bbalkans%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DAchaemenid%2520Persians%2520ruled%2520balkans%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ec.europa.eu/health/sites/health/files/state/docs/chp_bulgaria_english.pdf">"State of Health in the EU. Country Health Profile: Bulgaria 2017"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. European Commission<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 May</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=State+of+Health+in+the+EU.+Country+Health+Profile%3A+Bulgaria+2017&rft.pub=European+Commission&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Fhealth%2Fsites%2Fhealth%2Ffiles%2Fstate%2Fdocs%2Fchp_bulgaria_english.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABulgaria" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI></UL>
</DIV>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</SPAN></H2>
<DIV role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="metadata plainlinks plainlist mbox-small" style="border:1px solid #aaa; padding:0.75em; background:#f9f9f9;">
    <DIV style="padding-bottom: 0.75em; text-align: center;">Find more about<B style="display:block;">Bulgaria</B>at Wikipedia's <A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><SPAN id="sister-projects">sister projects</SPAN></A>
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        <LI style="min-height: 31px;"><SPAN style="display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" width="27" height="27" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></SPAN><SPAN style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;"><A href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Bulgaria" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Bulgaria">Definitions</A> from Wiktionary</SPAN>
            </LI><LI style="min-height: 31px;"><SPAN style="display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" width="20" height="27" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></SPAN><SPAN style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;"><A href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Bulgaria" class="extiw" title="c:Special:Search/Bulgaria">Media</A> from Wikimedia Commons</SPAN>
            </LI><LI style="min-height: 31px;"><SPAN style="display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" width="27" height="15" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></SPAN><SPAN style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;"><A href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Bulgaria" class="extiw" title="n:Special:Search/Bulgaria">News</A> from Wikinews</SPAN>
            </LI><LI style="min-height: 31px;"><SPAN style="display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" width="23" height="27" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></SPAN><SPAN style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;"><A href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Bulgaria" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Bulgaria">Quotations</A> from Wikiquote</SPAN>
            </LI><LI style="min-height: 31px;"><SPAN style="display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" width="26" height="27" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></SPAN><SPAN style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;"><A href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Bulgaria" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Bulgaria">Texts</A> from Wikisource</SPAN>
            </LI><LI style="min-height: 31px;"><SPAN style="display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" width="27" height="27" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></SPAN><SPAN style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;"><A href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Bulgaria" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Bulgaria">Textbooks</A> from Wikibooks</SPAN>
            </LI><LI style="min-height: 31px;"><SPAN style="display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" width="27" height="27" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></SPAN><SPAN style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;"><A href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Bulgaria#Q219" class="extiw" title="voy:Bulgaria">Travel guide</A> from Wikivoyage</SPAN>
            </LI><LI style="min-height: 31px;"><SPAN style="display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Wikiversity-logo-en.svg/27px-Wikiversity-logo-en.svg.png" width="27" height="24" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Wikiversity-logo-en.svg/41px-Wikiversity-logo-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Wikiversity-logo-en.svg/54px-Wikiversity-logo-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="900" /></SPAN><SPAN style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;"><A href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Bulgaria" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Bulgaria">Learning resources</A> from Wikiversity</SPAN>
            </LI>
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</DIV>
<UL><LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://curlie.org/Regional/Europe/Bulgaria">Bulgaria</A> at Curlie (based on <A href="/wiki/DMOZ" title="DMOZ">DMOZ</A>)</LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081016001809/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/bulgaria.htm">Bulgaria</A> at <I>UCB Libraries GovPubs</I>.</LI>
<LI><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/16px-Gnome-globe.svg.png" width="16" height="16" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/24px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/32px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /> <A href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_Bulgaria" class="extiw" title="commons:Atlas of Bulgaria">Wikimedia Atlas of Bulgaria</A></LI>
<LI><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" width="16" height="16" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/24px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/32px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /> Geographic data related to <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/186382">Bulgaria</A> at <A href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</A></LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/bulgaria">Bulgaria Profile</A> from <A href="/wiki/Balkan_Insight" title="Balkan Insight">Balkan Insight</A></LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.president.bg/">President of The Republic of Bulgaria</A></LI></UL>
<DIV role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bulgaria_articles" style="padding:3px"><TABLE class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><TBODY><TR><TH scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><SPAN class="mw-collapsible-toggle mw-collapsible-toggle-default mw-collapsible-toggle-collapsed" role="button" tabindex="0"><A class="mw-collapsible-text">show</A></SPAN><DIV class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><UL><LI class="nv-view"><A href="/wiki/Template:Bulgaria_topics" title="Template:Bulgaria topics"><ABBR title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</ABBR></A></LI><LI class="nv-talk"><A href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bulgaria_topics" title="Template talk:Bulgaria topics"><ABBR title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">t</ABBR></A></LI><LI class="nv-edit"><A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Bulgaria_topics&action=edit"><ABBR title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</ABBR></A></LI></UL></DIV><DIV id="Bulgaria_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><A class="mw-selflink selflink">Bulgaria</A> articles</DIV></TH></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria" title="History of Bulgaria">History</A></TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Odrysian_kingdom" title="Odrysian kingdom">Odrysian kingdom</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Old_Great_Bulgaria" title="Old Great Bulgaria">Old Great Bulgaria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">First Bulgarian Empire</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Second_Bulgarian_Empire" title="Second Bulgarian Empire">Second Bulgarian Empire</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ottoman_Bulgaria" title="Ottoman Bulgaria">Ottoman period</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Principality_of_Bulgaria" title="Principality of Bulgaria">Principality</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bulgaria" title="Kingdom of Bulgaria">Tsardom</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria" title="People's Republic of Bulgaria">People's Republic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria_since_1989" title="History of Bulgaria since 1989">Bulgaria since 1989</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD><TD class="navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><DIV><A href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><IMG alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria_%28version_by_constitution%29.svg/80px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria_%28version_by_constitution%29.svg.png" width="80" height="94" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria_%28version_by_constitution%29.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria_%28version_by_constitution%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria_%28version_by_constitution%29.svg/160px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria_%28version_by_constitution%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="423" /></A></DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Geography_of_Bulgaria" title="Geography of Bulgaria">Geography</A></TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV><TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><TBODY><TR><TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Balkan_Mountains" title="Balkan Mountains">Balkan Mountains</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkan Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Black_Sea_Coast" title="Bulgarian Black Sea Coast">Black Sea coast</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Bulgaria" title="List of cities and towns in Bulgaria">Cities and towns</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Bulgaria" title="List of earthquakes in Bulgaria">Earthquakes</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Bulgaria" title="List of islands of Bulgaria">Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Bulgaria" title="Provinces of Bulgaria">Provinces</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pirin" title="Pirin">Pirin</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rila" title="Rila">Rila</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Bulgaria" title="List of rivers of Bulgaria">Rivers</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rhodope_Mountains" title="Rhodope Mountains">Rhodope Mountains</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Bulgaria" title="List of villages in Bulgaria">Villages</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><DIV></DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Politics_of_Bulgaria" title="Politics of Bulgaria">Politics</A></TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV><TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><TBODY><TR><TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Bulgaria" title="Constitution of Bulgaria">Constitution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Elections_in_Bulgaria" title="Elections in Bulgaria">Elections</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Bulgaria" title="Foreign relations of Bulgaria">Foreign relations</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Government_of_Bulgaria" title="Government of Bulgaria">Government</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Bulgaria" title="Human rights in Bulgaria">Human rights</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Bulgaria" title="LGBT rights in Bulgaria">LGBT</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Law_of_Bulgaria" title="Law of Bulgaria">Law</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Bulgaria" title="Law enforcement in Bulgaria">enforcement</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Armed_Forces" title="Bulgarian Armed Forces">Armed Forces</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Bulgaria)" title="National Assembly (Bulgaria)">National Assembly</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Bulgaria" title="List of political parties in Bulgaria">Political parties</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><DIV></DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bulgaria" title="Economy of Bulgaria">Economy</A></TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV><TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><TBODY><TR><TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Bulgaria" title="Agriculture in Bulgaria">Agriculture</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Statistics_about_the_economy_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Statistics about the economy of Bulgaria">Economic statistics</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Energy_in_Bulgaria" title="Energy in Bulgaria">Energy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Industry_of_Bulgaria" title="Industry of Bulgaria">Industry</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_lev" title="Bulgarian lev">Lev <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_National_Bank" title="Bulgarian National Bank">National bank</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_property_bubble" title="Bulgarian property bubble">Property bubble</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Bulgaria" title="Science and technology in Bulgaria">Science and technology</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Stock_Exchange_%E2%80%93_Sofia" title="Bulgarian Stock Exchange – Sofia">Stock Exchange</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Bulgaria" title="Tourism in Bulgaria">Tourism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Transport_in_Bulgaria" title="Transport in Bulgaria">Transport</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><DIV></DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Category:Bulgarian_society" title="Category:Bulgarian society">Society</A></TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV><TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><TBODY><TR><TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Crime_in_Bulgaria" title="Crime in Bulgaria">Crime</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Bulgaria" title="Demographics of Bulgaria">Demographics</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Turks_in_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks in Bulgaria">Turks in Bulgaria</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Education_in_Bulgaria" title="Education in Bulgaria">Education</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Health_in_Bulgaria" title="Health in Bulgaria">Health</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Languages_of_Bulgaria" title="Languages of Bulgaria">Languages</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bulgaria" title="Religion in Bulgaria">Religion</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><A href="/wiki/Culture_of_Bulgaria" title="Culture of Bulgaria">Culture</A></TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Media_of_Bulgaria" title="Media of Bulgaria">Media</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Bulgaria" title="Cinema of Bulgaria">Cinema</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria" title="Coat of arms of Bulgaria">Coat of arms</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_cuisine" title="Bulgarian cuisine">Cuisine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_customs" title="Bulgarian customs">Customs</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_dances" title="Bulgarian dances">Dances</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Language</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_literature" title="Bulgarian literature">Literature</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Music_of_Bulgaria" title="Music of Bulgaria">Music</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Bulgaria" title="Public holidays in Bulgaria">Public holidays</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sport_in_Bulgaria" title="Sport in Bulgaria">Sports</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><DIV></DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TD class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><DIV><DIV style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><UL><LI><SPAN style="font-weight:normal;"><A href="/wiki/Outline_of_Bulgaria" title="Outline of Bulgaria">Outline</A></SPAN></LI></UL></DIV>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Bulgaria" title="Category:Bulgaria">Category</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Portal:Bulgaria" title="Portal:Bulgaria">Portal</A></LI></UL></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV>
<DIV role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Templates_including_links_to_Bulgaria" style="padding:3px"><TABLE class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-collapsed mw-made-collapsible" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><TBODY><TR><TH scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;background:#ddf;"><SPAN class="mw-collapsible-toggle mw-collapsible-toggle-default mw-collapsible-toggle-collapsed" role="button" tabindex="0"><A class="mw-collapsible-text">show</A></SPAN><DIV id="Templates_including_links_to_Bulgaria" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Templates including links to Bulgaria</DIV></TH></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;font-size:114%;"><DIV style="padding:0px;"><DIV role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sovereign_states_and_dependencies_of_Europe" style="padding:3px"><TABLE class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><TBODY><TR><TH scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><SPAN class="mw-collapsible-toggle mw-collapsible-toggle-default mw-collapsible-toggle-collapsed" role="button" tabindex="0"><A class="mw-collapsible-text">show</A></SPAN><DIV class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><UL><LI class="nv-view"><A href="/wiki/Template:Sovereign_states_of_Europe" title="Template:Sovereign states of Europe"><ABBR title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</ABBR></A></LI><LI class="nv-talk"><A href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sovereign_states_of_Europe" title="Template talk:Sovereign states of Europe"><ABBR title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">t</ABBR></A></LI><LI class="nv-edit"><A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Sovereign_states_of_Europe&action=edit"><ABBR title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</ABBR></A></LI></UL></DIV><DIV id="Sovereign_states_and_dependencies_of_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><A href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_in_Europe" title="List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Europe">Sovereign states and dependencies of Europe</A></DIV></TH></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</A></TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Andorra" title="Andorra">Andorra</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</A><SUP>2</SUP></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</A></LI>
<LI><A class="mw-selflink selflink">Bulgaria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</A><SUP>2</SUP></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</A><SUP>1</SUP></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Republic_of_Macedonia" title="Republic of Macedonia">Macedonia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Monaco" title="Monaco">Monaco</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="Kingdom of the Netherlands">Netherlands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/San_Marino" title="San Marino">San Marino</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD><TD class="navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;padding:0 0.5em;"><DIV><A href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe"><IMG alt="Europe orthographic Caucasus Urals boundary (with borders).svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary_%28with_borders%29.svg/100px-Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary_%28with_borders%29.svg.png" width="100" height="100" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary_%28with_borders%29.svg/150px-Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary_%28with_borders%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary_%28with_borders%29.svg/200px-Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary_%28with_borders%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="537" data-file-height="536" /></A></DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><DIV style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><A href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with limited<BR />recognition</A></DIV></TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</A><SUP>2</SUP></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Republic_of_Artsakh" title="Republic of Artsakh">Artsakh</A><SUP>2</SUP></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northern_Cyprus" title="Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</A><SUP>2</SUP></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/South_Ossetia" title="South Ossetia">South Ossetia</A><SUP>2</SUP></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Transnistria" title="Transnistria">Transnistria</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><DIV style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><A href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</A></DIV></TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV><TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><TBODY><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Denmark</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Faroe_Islands" title="Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</A><SUP>1</SUP>
<UL><LI><SPAN style="font-size:90%;"><A href="/wiki/Denmark#Greenland_and_the_Faroe_Islands" title="Denmark">autonomous country of the Kingdom of Denmark</A></SPAN></LI></UL></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United Kingdom</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</A><SUP>2</SUP>
<UL><LI><SPAN style="font-size:90%;">Sovereign Base Areas</SPAN></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</A>
<UL><LI><SPAN style="font-size:90%;"><A href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories" title="British Overseas Territories">British Overseas Territory</A></SPAN></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bailiwick_of_Guernsey" title="Bailiwick of Guernsey">Guernsey</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Jersey" title="Jersey">Jersey</A>
<UL><LI><SPAN style="font-size:90%;"><A href="/wiki/Crown_dependencies" title="Crown dependencies">Crown dependencies</A></SPAN></LI></UL></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><DIV></DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><DIV style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Special areas of<BR />internal sovereignty</DIV></TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV><TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><TBODY><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Finland</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/%C3%85land_Islands" title="Åland Islands">Åland Islands</A>
<UL><LI><SPAN style="font-size:90%;"><A href="/wiki/Autonomous_administrative_division" title="Autonomous administrative division">autonomous region</A> subject to the <A href="/wiki/%C3%85land_convention" title="Åland convention">Åland Convention of 1921</A></SPAN></LI></UL></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Norway</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Svalbard" title="Svalbard">Svalbard</A>
<UL><LI><SPAN style="font-size:90%;"><A href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">unincorporated area</A> subject to the <A href="/wiki/Svalbard_Treaty" title="Svalbard Treaty">Svalbard Treaty</A></SPAN></LI></UL></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United Kingdom</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</A>
<UL><LI><SPAN style="font-size:90%;"><A href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">country of the United Kingdom</A> subject to the <A href="/wiki/Good_Friday_Agreement" title="Good Friday Agreement">British-Irish Agreement</A></SPAN></LI></UL></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><DIV></DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TD class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"><DIV><DIV class="plainlist"><UL><LI><SUP>1</SUP> <A href="/wiki/Island#Oceanic_islands" title="Island">Oceanic islands</A> within the vicinity of Europe are usually grouped with the continent even though they are not situated on its continental shelf.</LI><LI><SUP>2</SUP> Some countries completely outside the conventional geographical boundaries of Europe are commonly associated with the continent due to ethnological links.</LI></UL></DIV></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV>
<DIV role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Member_states_of_the_European_Union" style="padding:3px"><TABLE class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><TBODY><TR><TH scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><SPAN class="mw-collapsible-toggle mw-collapsible-toggle-default mw-collapsible-toggle-collapsed" role="button" tabindex="0"><A class="mw-collapsible-text">show</A></SPAN><DIV class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><UL><LI class="nv-view"><A href="/wiki/Template:Member_states_of_the_European_Union" title="Template:Member states of the European Union"><ABBR title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</ABBR></A></LI><LI class="nv-talk"><A href="/wiki/Template_talk:Member_states_of_the_European_Union" title="Template talk:Member states of the European Union"><ABBR title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">t</ABBR></A></LI><LI class="nv-edit"><A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Member_states_of_the_European_Union&action=edit"><ABBR title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</ABBR></A></LI></UL></DIV><DIV id="Member_states_of_the_European_Union" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><A href="/wiki/Member_state_of_the_European_Union" title="Member state of the European Union">Member states</A> of the <A href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</A></DIV></TH></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Austria_and_the_European_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Austria and the European Union (page does not exist)">Austria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Belgium_and_the_European_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belgium and the European Union (page does not exist)">Belgium</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bulgaria_and_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulgaria and the European Union">Bulgaria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Croatia_and_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatia and the European Union">Croatia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cyprus_and_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyprus and the European Union">Cyprus</A> <SMALL>(see also <A href="/wiki/Northern_Cyprus_and_the_European_Union" title="Northern Cyprus and the European Union">Northern Cyprus</A>)</SMALL></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Czech_Republic_and_the_European_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Czech Republic and the European Union (page does not exist)">Czech Republic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Denmark_and_the_European_Union" title="Denmark and the European Union">Denmark</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Estonia_and_the_European_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estonia and the European Union (page does not exist)">Estonia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Finland_and_the_European_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Finland and the European Union (page does not exist)">Finland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=France_and_the_European_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="France and the European Union (page does not exist)">France</A></LI>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/Ireland_and_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Ireland and the European Union">Ireland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Italy_and_the_European_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Italy and the European Union (page does not exist)">Italy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Latvia_and_the_European_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Latvia and the European Union (page does not exist)">Latvia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Lithuania_and_the_European_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lithuania and the European Union (page does not exist)">Lithuania</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Luxembourg_and_the_European_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luxembourg and the European Union (page does not exist)">Luxembourg</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Malta_and_the_European_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malta and the European Union (page does not exist)">Malta</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Netherlands_and_the_European_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Netherlands and the European Union (page does not exist)">Netherlands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Poland_in_the_European_Union" title="Poland in the European Union">Poland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Portugal_and_the_European_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Portugal and the European Union (page does not exist)">Portugal</A></LI>
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<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Slovenia_and_the_European_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slovenia and the European Union (page does not exist)">Slovenia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Spain_and_the_European_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spain and the European Union (page does not exist)">Spain</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Sweden_and_the_European_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sweden and the European Union (page does not exist)">Sweden</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/History_of_European_Union%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="History of European Union–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD><TD class="navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><DIV><A href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Europe.svg" class="image"><IMG alt="Flag of Europe.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/50px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" width="50" height="33" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/75px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/100px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></A></DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TD class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><DIV><A href="/wiki/Future_enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="Future enlargement of the European Union">Future enlargement of the European Union</A></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV>
<DIV role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organization" style=";wide;padding:3px"><TABLE class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><TBODY><TR><TH scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#B0C4DE;"><SPAN class="mw-collapsible-toggle mw-collapsible-toggle-default mw-collapsible-toggle-collapsed" role="button" tabindex="0"><A class="mw-collapsible-text">show</A></SPAN><DIV class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><UL><LI class="nv-view"><A href="/wiki/Template:North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organization" title="Template:North Atlantic Treaty Organization"><ABBR title="View this template" style=";background-color:#B0C4DE;;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</ABBR></A></LI><LI class="nv-talk"><A href="/wiki/Template_talk:North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organization" title="Template talk:North Atlantic Treaty Organization"><ABBR title="Discuss this template" style=";background-color:#B0C4DE;;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">t</ABBR></A></LI><LI class="nv-edit"><A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organization&action=edit"><ABBR title="Edit this template" style=";background-color:#B0C4DE;;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</ABBR></A></LI></UL></DIV><DIV id="North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organization" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><A href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">North Atlantic Treaty Organization</A></DIV></TH></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;">History</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/North_Atlantic_Treaty" title="North Atlantic Treaty">North Atlantic Treaty</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/NATO_summit" title="NATO summit">Summit</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/NATO_Operations" class="mw-redirect" title="NATO Operations">Operations</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Enlargement_of_NATO" title="Enlargement of NATO">Enlargement</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;">Structure</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/North_Atlantic_Council" title="North Atlantic Council">Council</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Supreme_Headquarters_Allied_Powers_Europe" title="Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe">Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Allied_Air_Command" title="Allied Air Command">Air Command</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Allied_Land_Command" title="Allied Land Command">Land Command</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Allied_Maritime_Command" title="Allied Maritime Command">Maritime Command</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Allied_Joint_Force_Command_Brunssum" title="Allied Joint Force Command Brunssum">JFC Brunssum</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Allied_Joint_Force_Command_Naples" title="Allied Joint Force Command Naples">JFC Naples</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Allied_Command_Transformation" title="Allied Command Transformation">Allied Command Transformation</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/NATO_Parliamentary_Assembly" title="NATO Parliamentary Assembly">Parliamentary Assembly</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Standardization_Agreement" title="Standardization Agreement">Standardization Agreement</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;">People</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Secretary_General_of_NATO" title="Secretary General of NATO">Secretary General</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_NATO_Military_Committee" title="Chairman of the NATO Military Committee">Chairman of the Military Committee</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Supreme_Allied_Commander_Europe" title="Supreme Allied Commander Europe">Supreme Allied Commander Europe</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Allied_Command_Transformation#Organization" title="Allied Command Transformation">Supreme Allied Commander Transformation</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;"><A href="/wiki/Member_states_of_NATO" title="Member states of NATO">Members</A></TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Albanian_Armed_Forces" title="Albanian Armed Forces">Albania</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Belgian_Armed_Forces" title="Belgian Armed Forces">Belgium</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Armed_Forces" title="Bulgarian Armed Forces">Bulgaria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Canadian_Armed_Forces" title="Canadian Armed Forces">Canada</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Republic_of_Croatia_Armed_Forces" title="Republic of Croatia Armed Forces">Croatia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Army_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Army of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Danish_Defence" title="Danish Defence">Denmark</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Estonia_Defence_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Estonia Defence Forces">Estonia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/French_Armed_Forces" title="French Armed Forces">France</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bundeswehr" title="Bundeswehr">Germany</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hellenic_Armed_Forces" title="Hellenic Armed Forces">Greece</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hungarian_Defence_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian Defence Force">Hungary</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Military_of_Iceland" title="Military of Iceland">Iceland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Italian_Armed_Forces" title="Italian Armed Forces">Italy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Latvian_National_Armed_Forces" title="Latvian National Armed Forces">Latvia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Armed_Forces" title="Lithuanian Armed Forces">Lithuania</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Luxembourg_Army" title="Luxembourg Army">Luxembourg</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Military_of_Montenegro" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Montenegro">Montenegro</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Armed_forces_of_the_Netherlands" title="Armed forces of the Netherlands">Netherlands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Norwegian_Armed_Forces" title="Norwegian Armed Forces">Norway</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Polish_Armed_Forces" title="Polish Armed Forces">Poland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Portuguese_Armed_Forces" title="Portuguese Armed Forces">Portugal</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Romanian_Armed_Forces" title="Romanian Armed Forces">Romania</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Slovak_Armed_Forces" title="Slovak Armed Forces">Slovakia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Slovenian_Armed_Forces" title="Slovenian Armed Forces">Slovenia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Spanish_Armed_Forces" title="Spanish Armed Forces">Spain</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Turkish_Armed_Forces" title="Turkish Armed Forces">Turkey</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/British_Armed_Forces" title="British Armed Forces">United Kingdom</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_Armed_Forces" title="United States Armed Forces">United States</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;"><A href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_NATO" title="Foreign relations of NATO">Multilateral relations</A></TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Atlantic_Treaty_Association" title="Atlantic Treaty Association">Atlantic Treaty Association</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Euro-Atlantic_Partnership_Council" title="Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council">Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Dialogue" title="Mediterranean Dialogue">Mediterranean Dialogue</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Istanbul_Cooperation_Initiative" title="Istanbul Cooperation Initiative">Istanbul Cooperation Initiative</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Partnership_for_Peace" title="Partnership for Peace">Partnership for Peace</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TD class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;"><DIV><A href="/wiki/Portal:NATO" title="Portal:NATO">Portal</A></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV>
<DIV role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Consultative_Parties_to_the_Antarctic_Treaty" style="padding:3px"><TABLE class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><TBODY><TR><TH scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><SPAN class="mw-collapsible-toggle mw-collapsible-toggle-default mw-collapsible-toggle-collapsed" role="button" tabindex="0"><A class="mw-collapsible-text">show</A></SPAN><DIV class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><UL><LI class="nv-view"><A href="/wiki/Template:Consultative_Parties_to_the_Antarctic_Treaty" title="Template:Consultative Parties to the Antarctic Treaty"><ABBR title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</ABBR></A></LI><LI class="nv-talk"><A href="/wiki/Template_talk:Consultative_Parties_to_the_Antarctic_Treaty" title="Template talk:Consultative Parties to the Antarctic Treaty"><ABBR title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">t</ABBR></A></LI><LI class="nv-edit"><A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Consultative_Parties_to_the_Antarctic_Treaty&action=edit"><ABBR title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</ABBR></A></LI></UL></DIV><DIV id="Consultative_Parties_to_the_Antarctic_Treaty" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Consultative Parties to the <A href="/wiki/Antarctic_Treaty_System" title="Antarctic Treaty System">Antarctic Treaty</A></DIV></TH></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</A></LI>
<LI><A class="mw-selflink selflink">Bulgaria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/China" title="China">China (PRC)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russian Federation</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV>
<DIV role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="La_Francophonie" style="padding:3px"><TABLE class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-collapsed mw-made-collapsible" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><TBODY><TR><TH scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><SPAN class="mw-collapsible-toggle mw-collapsible-toggle-default mw-collapsible-toggle-collapsed" role="button" tabindex="0"><A class="mw-collapsible-text">show</A></SPAN><DIV class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><UL><LI class="nv-view"><A href="/wiki/Template:La_Francophonie" title="Template:La Francophonie"><ABBR title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</ABBR></A></LI><LI class="nv-talk"><A href="/wiki/Template_talk:La_Francophonie" title="Template talk:La Francophonie"><ABBR title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">t</ABBR></A></LI><LI class="nv-edit"><A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:La_Francophonie&action=edit"><ABBR title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</ABBR></A></LI></UL></DIV><DIV id="La_Francophonie" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><A href="/wiki/Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie" title="Organisation internationale de la Francophonie">La Francophonie</A></DIV></TH></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Membership</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV><TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><TBODY><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Members</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Andorra" title="Andorra">Andorra</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/French_Community_of_Belgium" title="French Community of Belgium">French Community</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</A></LI>
<LI><A class="mw-selflink selflink">Bulgaria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/New_Brunswick" title="New Brunswick">New Brunswick</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</A><SUP><SMALL>1</SMALL></SUP></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea" title="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/French_Guiana" title="French Guiana">French Guiana</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Guadeloupe" title="Guadeloupe">Guadeloupe</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Martinique" title="Martinique">Martinique</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon" title="Saint Pierre and Miquelon">St. Pierre and Miquelon</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</A><SUP><SMALL>1</SMALL></SUP></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Republic_of_Macedonia" title="Republic of Macedonia">Macedonia</A><SUP><SMALL>2</SMALL></SUP></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Monaco" title="Monaco">Monaco</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">St. Lucia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles">Seychelles</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD><TD class="navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><DIV><A href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_La_Francophonie.svg" class="image"><IMG alt="Flag of the Francophonie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_La_Francophonie.svg/100px-Flag_of_La_Francophonie.svg.png" width="100" height="67" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_La_Francophonie.svg/150px-Flag_of_La_Francophonie.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_La_Francophonie.svg/200px-Flag_of_La_Francophonie.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></A></DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Observers</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</A></LI>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</A></LI>
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<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Agence_de_Coop%C3%A9ration_Culturelle_et_Technique" title="Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique">Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agence_universitaire_de_la_Francophonie" title="Agence universitaire de la Francophonie">Agence universitaire de la Francophonie</A></LI></UL>
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<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Boutros_Boutros-Ghali" title="Boutros Boutros-Ghali">Boutros Boutros-Ghali</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Abdou_Diouf" title="Abdou Diouf">Abdou Diouf</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Micha%C3%ABlle_Jean" title="Michaëlle Jean">Michaëlle Jean</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French language</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/UN_French_Language_Day" title="UN French Language Day">UN French Language Day</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/International_Francophonie_Day" title="International Francophonie Day">International Francophonie Day</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Jeux_de_la_Francophonie" title="Jeux de la Francophonie">Jeux de la Francophonie</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Prix_des_cinq_continents_de_la_francophonie" title="Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie">Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Senghor_University" title="Senghor University">Senghor University</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Assembl%C3%A9e_des_francophones_fonctionnaires_des_organisations_internationales" title="Assemblée des francophones fonctionnaires des organisations internationales">AFFOI</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/TV5Monde" title="TV5Monde">TV5Monde</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_La_Francophonie" title="LGBT rights in La Francophonie">LGBT rights</A></LI></UL>
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<LI><SPAN class="flagicon"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> </SPAN><A href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</A></LI></UL>
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<UL><LI><SPAN class="flagicon"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="945" data-file-height="630" /> </SPAN><A href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</A></LI>
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<LI><SPAN class="flagicon"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> </SPAN><A href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</A></LI></UL>
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					<LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Achinese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" class="interlanguage-link-target">Acèh</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd" style="display: none;"><A href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8D" title="Болгариэ – Kabardian" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" class="interlanguage-link-target">Адыгэбзэ</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Булгарие – Adyghe" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" class="interlanguage-link-target">Адыгабзэ</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle" title="featured article"><A href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarye" title="Bulgarye – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ak" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Akan" lang="ak" hreflang="ak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Akan</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als" style="display: none;"><A href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarien" title="Bulgarien – Alemannisch" lang="als" hreflang="als" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am" style="display: none;"><A href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%A1%E1%88%8D%E1%8C%8B%E1%88%AA%E1%8B%AB" title="ቡልጋሪያ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulgaraland" title="Pulgaraland – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0" title="Болгариа – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" class="interlanguage-link-target">Аҧсшәа</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar"><A href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="بلغاريا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an" style="display: none;"><A href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc" style="display: none;"><A href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%92%DC%98%DC%A0%DC%93%DC%90%DC%AA%DC%9D%DC%90" title="ܒܘܠܓܐܪܝܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" class="interlanguage-link-target">ܐܪܡܝܐ</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup" style="display: none;"><A href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vurgaria" title="Vurgaria – Aromanian" lang="roa-rup" hreflang="roa-rup" class="interlanguage-link-target">Armãneashti</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp" style="display: none;"><A href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarie" title="Bulgarie – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn" style="display: none;"><A href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vug%C3%A1ria" title="Vugária – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av" style="display: none;"><A href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Булгъар – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" class="interlanguage-link-target">Авар</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulkariya" title="Bulkariya – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aymar aru</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az" style="display: none;"><A href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolqar%C4%B1stan" title="Bolqarıstan – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb" style="display: none;"><A href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="بولغاریستان – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn" style="display: none;"><A href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="বুলগেরিয়া – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan" style="display: none;"><A href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Chinese (Min Nan)" lang="zh-min-nan" hreflang="zh-min-nan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bân-lâm-gú</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Болгария – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be" style="display: none;"><A href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Балгарыя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old" style="display: none;"><A href="https://be-x-old.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Баўгарыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-x-old" hreflang="be-x-old" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh" style="display: none;"><A href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="बुल्गारिया – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl" style="display: none;"><A href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarya" title="Bulgarya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi" style="display: none;"><A href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bislama</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg"><A href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="България – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar" style="display: none;"><A href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buigarien" title="Buigarien – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo" style="display: none;"><A href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%94%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BC%8D" title="པུ་ར་ག་རི་ཡ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs" style="display: none;"><A href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugarska" title="Bugarska – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br" style="display: none;"><A href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr" style="display: none;"><A href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Болгари – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulg%C3%A0ria" title="Bulgària – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv" style="display: none;"><A href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%C4%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%C3%A7%D0%B8_%D0%9F%C4%83%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%C4%95" title="Тăнайçи Пăлхарĕ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs" style="display: none;"><A href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulharsko" title="Bulharsko – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Chamorro" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chamoru</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam" style="display: none;"><A href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Chavacano" lang="cbk-zam" hreflang="cbk-zam" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chavacano de Zamboanga</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum" style="display: none;"><A href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiTumbuka</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co" style="display: none;"><A href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy" style="display: none;"><A href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bwlgaria" title="Bwlgaria – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle" title="recommended article"><A href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarien" title="Bulgarien – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se" style="display: none;"><A href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulg%C3%A1ria" title="Bulgária – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc" style="display: none;"><A href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarien" title="Bulgarien – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deitsch</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de" style="display: none;"><A href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarien" title="Bulgarien – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv" style="display: none;"><A href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%84%DE%A6%DE%8D%DE%B0%DE%8E%DE%AD%DE%83%DE%A8%DE%87%DE%A7" title="ބަލްގޭރިއާ – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb" style="display: none;"><A href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarska" title="Bulgarska – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dolnoserbski</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et" style="display: none;"><A href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaaria" title="Bulgaaria – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el" style="display: none;"><A href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Βουλγαρία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml" style="display: none;"><A href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgar%C3%AE" title="Bulgarî – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="eml" hreflang="eml" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv" style="display: none;"><A href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Болгария Мастор – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Эрзянь</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle" title="good article"><A href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo" style="display: none;"><A href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgario" title="Bulgario – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulg%C3%A1ria" title="Bulgária – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu" style="display: none;"><A href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eʋegbe</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa" style="display: none;"><A href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="بلغارستان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif" style="display: none;"><A href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo" style="display: none;"><A href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr" style="display: none;"><A href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarie" title="Bulgarie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy" style="display: none;"><A href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarije" title="Bulgarije – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgariya" title="Bulgariya – Fulah" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fulfulde</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur" style="display: none;"><A href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarie" title="Bulgarie – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Bhulg%C3%A1ir" title="An Bhulgáir – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv" style="display: none;"><A href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Vulgeyr" title="Yn Vulgeyr – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag" style="display: none;"><A href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgariya" title="Bulgariya – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagauz</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd" style="display: none;"><A href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulg%C3%A0iria" title="Bulgàiria – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl" style="display: none;"><A href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu" style="display: none;"><A href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AC%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE" title="બલ્ગેરિયા – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got" style="display: none;"><A href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B1%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%BB%F0%90%8C%B2%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%B0" title="𐌱𐌿𐌻𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌰 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" class="interlanguage-link-target">𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom" style="display: none;"><A href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="बल्गेरिया – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" class="interlanguage-link-target">गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak" style="display: none;"><A href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語/Hak-kâ-ngî</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal" style="display: none;"><A href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BD" title="Болгармудин Орн – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" class="interlanguage-link-target">Хальмг</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%88%EA%B0%80%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84" title="불가리아 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgeriya" title="Bulgeriya – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw" style="display: none;"><A href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulukalia" title="Pulukalia – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy" style="display: none;"><A href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC%D5%B2%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Բուլղարիա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi"><A href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="बुल्गारिया – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb" style="display: none;"><A href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bo%C5%82harska" title="Bołharska – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hornjoserbsce</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr" style="display: none;"><A href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugarska" title="Bugarska – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io" style="display: none;"><A href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igbo</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy" style="display: none;"><A href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="বুলগেরিয়া – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" class="interlanguage-link-target">বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id" style="display: none;"><A href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os" style="display: none;"><A href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Болгари – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu" style="display: none;"><A href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBulgariya" title="IBulgariya – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is" style="display: none;"><A href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BAlgar%C3%ADa" title="Búlgaría – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it" style="display: none;"><A href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he" style="display: none;"><A href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94" title="בולגריה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv" style="display: none;"><A href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgari" title="Bulgari – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Jawa</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl" style="display: none;"><A href="https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Kalaallisut" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kalaallisut</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn" style="display: none;"><A href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF" title="ಬಲ್ಗೇರಿಯ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam" style="display: none;"><A href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc" style="display: none;"><A href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Болгария – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" class="interlanguage-link-target">Къарачай-малкъар</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="ბულგარეთი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb" style="display: none;"><A href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%B9lgarsk%C3%B4" title="Bùlgarskô – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kaszëbsczi</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk" style="display: none;"><A href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Болгария – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw" style="display: none;"><A href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgari" title="Bulgari – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw" style="display: none;"><A href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulugariya" title="Bulugariya – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kinyarwanda</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rn" style="display: none;"><A href="https://rn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Rundi" lang="rn" hreflang="rn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kirundi</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv" style="display: none;"><A href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Болгария – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg" style="display: none;"><A href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balgaria" title="Balgaria – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kongo</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilgari" title="Bilgari – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaristan" title="Bulgaristan – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Болгария – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj" style="display: none;"><A href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Болгари – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad" style="display: none;"><A href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladino</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe" style="display: none;"><A href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0" title="Болгариа – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лакку</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez" style="display: none;"><A href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Болгария – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лезги</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo" style="display: none;"><A href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B5" title="ປະເທດບູນກາລີ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" class="interlanguage-link-target">ລາວ</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lrc" style="display: none;"><A href="https://lrc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="بولغارستان – Northern Luri" lang="lrc" hreflang="lrc" class="interlanguage-link-target">لۊری شومالی</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgareja" title="Bulgareja – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latgaļu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la" style="display: none;"><A href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv" style="display: none;"><A href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulg%C4%81rija" title="Bulgārija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb" style="display: none;"><A href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarien" title="Bulgarien – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt" style="display: none;"><A href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarija" title="Bulgarija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij" style="display: none;"><A href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burgaja" title="Burgaja – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li" style="display: none;"><A href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarije" title="Bulgarije – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo" style="display: none;"><A href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolguarii" title="Bolguarii – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo" style="display: none;"><A href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/bylgAri,as" title="bylgAri,as – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo" style="display: none;"><A href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BClgaria" title="Bülgaria – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lumbaart</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu" style="display: none;"><A href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulg%C3%A1ria" title="Bulgária – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai" style="display: none;"><A href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="बुल्गेरिया – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk" style="display: none;"><A href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Бугарија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg" style="display: none;"><A href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biolgaria" title="Biolgaria – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF" title="ബൾഗേറിയ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt" style="display: none;"><A href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarija" title="Bulgarija – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi" style="display: none;"><A href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puruk%C4%81ria" title="Purukāria – Maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr" style="display: none;"><A href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="बल्गेरिया – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf" style="display: none;"><A href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="ბულგარეთი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz" style="display: none;"><A href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="بلجاريا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn" style="display: none;"><A href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="بلغارستون – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo" style="display: none;"><A href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Min Dong Chinese" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl" style="display: none;"><A href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulg%C3%A1ria" title="Bulgária – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Mirandés</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf" style="display: none;"><A href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Болгарие – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" class="interlanguage-link-target">Мокшень</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn" style="display: none;"><A href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Болгар улс – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my" style="display: none;"><A href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%98%E1%80%B0%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BA%E1%80%82%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ဘူလ်ဂေးရီးယားနိုင်ငံ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah" style="display: none;"><A href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Nāhuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nāhuatl</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-na" style="display: none;"><A href="https://na.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borgeriya" title="Borgeriya – Nauru" lang="na" hreflang="na" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dorerin Naoero</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl" style="display: none;"><A href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarije" title="Bulgarije – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl" style="display: none;"><A href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarije" title="Bulgarije – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nedersaksies</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="बुल्गेरिया – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new" style="display: none;"><A href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="बुल्गेरिया – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%96%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AC%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2" title="ブルガリア – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap" style="display: none;"><A href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" class="interlanguage-link-target">Napulitano</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Болгари – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr" style="display: none;"><A href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarien" title="Bulgarien – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih" style="display: none;"><A href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgeriya" title="Bulgeriya – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norfuk / Pitkern</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no" style="display: none;"><A href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Norwegian" lang="no" hreflang="no" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn" style="display: none;"><A href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm" style="display: none;"><A href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarie" title="Bulgarie – Norman" lang="nrm" hreflang="nrm" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nouormand</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov" style="display: none;"><A href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" class="interlanguage-link-target">Novial</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc" style="display: none;"><A href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr" style="display: none;"><A href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Болгарий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Олык марий</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or" style="display: none;"><A href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AC%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%B2%E0%AC%97%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%86" title="ବୁଲଗାରିଆ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om" style="display: none;"><A href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgeeriyaa" title="Bulgeeriyaa – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oromoo</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz" style="display: none;"><A href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolgariya" title="Bolgariya – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa" style="display: none;"><A href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86" title="ਬੁਲਗਾਰੀਆ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi" style="display: none;"><A href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="बुल्गारिया – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" class="interlanguage-link-target">पालि</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl" style="display: none;"><A href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarije" title="Bulgarije – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pälzisch</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag" style="display: none;"><A href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgariya" title="Bulgariya – Pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangasinan</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb" style="display: none;"><A href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81" title="بلغاریہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap" style="display: none;"><A href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="بلغاریا – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam" style="display: none;"><A href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgieria" title="Bulgieria – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" class="interlanguage-link-target">Patois</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi" style="display: none;"><A href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D3%A7%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Бӧлгария – Komi-Permyak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Перем Коми</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd" style="display: none;"><A href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarie" title="Bulgarie – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" class="interlanguage-link-target">Picard</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms" style="display: none;"><A href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgar%C3%ACa" title="Bulgarìa – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi" style="display: none;"><A href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balgeria" title="Balgeria – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tok Pisin</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds" style="display: none;"><A href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarien" title="Bulgarien – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl" style="display: none;"><A href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bu%C5%82garia" title="Bułgaria – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt" style="display: none;"><A href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Βουλγαρία – Pontic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ποντιακά</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt" style="display: none;"><A href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulg%C3%A1ria" title="Bulgária – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa" style="display: none;"><A href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolgariya" title="Bolgariya – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh" style="display: none;"><A href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bul%C4%9Faristan" title="Bulğaristan – Crimean Turkish" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarije" title="Bulgarije – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ripoarisch</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy" style="display: none;"><A href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgariya" title="Bulgariya – Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Romani</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm" style="display: none;"><A href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" class="interlanguage-link-target">Rumantsch</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu" style="display: none;"><A href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarya" title="Bulgarya – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue" style="display: none;"><A href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Болгарія – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Болгария – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Болгария – Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bultalia" title="Bultalia – Samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagana Samoa</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="बुल्गारिया – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulugar%C3%AFi" title="Bulugarïi – Sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sängö</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarie" title="Bulgarie – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq" style="display: none;"><A href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarien" title="Bulgarien – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso" style="display: none;"><A href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sesotho sa Leboa</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullgaria" title="Bullgaria – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn" style="display: none;"><A href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgar%C3%ACa" title="Bulgarìa – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si" style="display: none;"><A href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B6%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9A%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="බල්ගේරියාව – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple" style="display: none;"><A href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Simple English" lang="simple" hreflang="simple" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%87" title="بلغاريه – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBhulgariya" title="IBhulgariya – Swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" class="interlanguage-link-target">SiSwati</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulharsko" title="Bulharsko – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolgarija" title="Bolgarija – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu" style="display: none;"><A href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BB%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%97%EA%99%97" title="Блъгарїꙗ – Church Slavic" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl" style="display: none;"><A href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bu%C5%82garyjo" title="Bułgaryjo – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so" style="display: none;"><A href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="بولگاریا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn" style="display: none;"><A href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarikondre" title="Bulgarikondre – Sranan Tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sranantongo</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Бугарска – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugarska" title="Bugarska – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su" style="display: none;"><A href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Sunda</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle" title="good article"><A href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarien" title="Bulgarien – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl" style="display: none;"><A href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarya" title="Bulgarya – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE" title="பல்காரியா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab" style="display: none;"><A href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarya" title="Bulgarya – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara" style="display: none;"><A href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarie" title="Bulgarie – Tarantino" lang="roa-Tara" hreflang="roa-Tara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tarandíne</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt" style="display: none;"><A href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Болгария – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча/tatarça</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te" style="display: none;"><A href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="బల్గేరియా – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet" style="display: none;"><A href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulg%C3%A1ria" title="Bulgária – Tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tetun</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th" style="display: none;"><A href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศบัลแกเรีย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg" style="display: none;"><A href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%BB%D2%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Булғористон – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr" style="display: none;"><A href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%8A%E1%8E%B5%E1%8E%A8%E1%8E%B5%E1%8E%A0" title="ᏊᎵᎨᎵᎠ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᏣᎳᎩ</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr" style="display: none;"><A href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaristan" title="Bulgaristan – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk" style="display: none;"><A href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolgari%C3%BDa" title="Bolgariýa – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw" style="display: none;"><A href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" class="interlanguage-link-target">Twi</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm" style="display: none;"><A href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Болгария – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" class="interlanguage-link-target">Удмурт</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk" style="display: none;"><A href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Болгарія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur"><A href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81" title="بلغاریہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%87%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95" title="بۇلغارىيە – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec" style="display: none;"><A href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep" style="display: none;"><A href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolgarii" title="Bolgarii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi" style="display: none;"><A href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo" style="display: none;"><A href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgar%C3%A4n" title="Bulgarän – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro" style="display: none;"><A href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaaria" title="Bulgaaria – Võro" lang="fiu-vro" hreflang="fiu-vro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Võro</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa" style="display: none;"><A href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulg%C3%A5reye" title="Bulgåreye – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical" style="display: none;"><A href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="保加利亞 – Classical Chinese" lang="zh-classical" hreflang="zh-classical" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls" style="display: none;"><A href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgareye" title="Bulgareye – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war" style="display: none;"><A href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo" style="display: none;"><A href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaari" title="Bulgaari – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Wolof</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu" style="display: none;"><A href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="保加利亚 – Wu Chinese" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" class="interlanguage-link-target">Xitsonga</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi" style="display: none;"><A href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A2" title="בולגאריע – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo" style="display: none;"><A href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%B9lg%C3%A1r%C3%AD%C3%A0" title="Bùlgáríà – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue" style="display: none;"><A href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="保加利亞 – Cantonese" lang="zh-yue" hreflang="zh-yue" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq" style="display: none;"><A href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bul%C4%9Far%C4%B1stan" title="Bulğarıstan – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea" style="display: none;"><A href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulharije" title="Bulharije – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zeêuws</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg" style="display: none;"><A href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgar%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Bulgarėjė – Samogitian" lang="bat-smg" hreflang="bat-smg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh"><A href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="保加利亚 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty" style="display: none;"><A href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="बुल्गेरिया – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" class="interlanguage-link-target">डोटेली</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh" style="display: none;"><A href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Болгари – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" class="interlanguage-link-target">ГӀалгӀай</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp" style="display: none;"><A href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puligari" title="Puligari – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn" style="display: none;"><A href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balgaria" title="Balgaria – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</A></LI>				<BUTTON class="mw-interlanguage-selector mw-ui-button" title="All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)">248 more</BUTTON></UL>
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document_title: Bulgaria

token: Bulgaria

token: wikipedia

token: This

token: article

token: is

token: about

token: the

token: country

token: other

token: uses

token: see

token: disambiguation

token: Coordinates

token: N

token: E

token: <Table>

token: <Tr>

token: <Th colspan="2">

token: Republic

token: of

token: Република

token: България

token: Bulgarian

token: Republika

token: Bǎlgariya

token: <Td colspan="2">

token: Flag

token: Coat

token: arms

token: Motto

token: <Ul>

token: <Li>

token: Съединението

token: прави

token: силата

token: Sǎedinenieto

token: pravi

token: silata

token: transliteration

token: Unity

token: makes

token: strength

token: Anthem

token: Мила

token: Родино

token: Mila

token: Rodino

token: Dear

token: Motherland

token: Location

token: dark

token: green

token: in

token: Europe

token: grey

token: European

token: Union

token: Legend

token: <Th>

token: Capital

token: and

token: largest

token: city

token: <Td>

token: Sofia

token: Official

token: languages

token: Характеристика

token: растителността

token: разнообразие

token: বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া

token: српскохрватски

question_text: what is the capital of bulgaria on a map