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<H1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" lang="en">Ossification center</H1>			<DIV id="bodyContent" class="mw-body-content">
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<TH colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background-color:dimgray; color: white"><I>Ossification center</I></TH>
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<TD colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><A href="/wiki/File:X-ray_of_ossification_centers.png" class="image"><IMG alt="X-ray of ossification centers.png" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/X-ray_of_ossification_centers.png/250px-X-ray_of_ossification_centers.png" width="250" height="171" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/X-ray_of_ossification_centers.png/375px-X-ray_of_ossification_centers.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/X-ray_of_ossification_centers.png/500px-X-ray_of_ossification_centers.png 2x" data-file-width="1195" data-file-height="815" /></A>
<DIV><A href="/wiki/X-ray" title="X-ray">X-ray</A> of ossification centers in a child.</DIV>
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<TH colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #efefef">Details</TH>
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<TH scope="row" style="padding-right:0.25em"><A href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</A></TH>
<TD><I>centrum ossificationis</I></TD>
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<P>The first step in <A href="/wiki/Ossification" title="Ossification">ossification</A> of the cartilage is that the cartilage cells, at the point where ossification is commencing and which is termed as an <B>ossification center</B>, enlarge and arrange themselves in rows.<SUP id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-1">[1]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The matrix in which they are imbedded increases in quantity, so that the cells become further separated from each other.</P>
<P>A deposit of <A href="/wiki/Calcareous" title="Calcareous">calcareous</A> material now takes place in this matrix, between the rows of cells, so that they become separated from each other by longitudinal columns of calcified matrix, presenting a granular and opaque appearance.</P>
<P>Here and there the matrix between two cells of the same row also becomes calcified, and transverse bars of calcified substance stretch across from one calcareous column to another.</P>
<P>Thus there are longitudinal groups of the cartilage cells enclosed in oblong cavities, the walls of which are formed of calcified matrix which cuts off all nutrition from the cells; the cells, in consequence, atrophy, leaving spaces called the primary areolæ.</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Types_of_ossification_centers">Types of ossification centers</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Ossification_center&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Types of ossification centers">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
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Section of fetal bone of cat. ir. Irruption of the subperiosteal tissue. p. Fibrous layer of the periosteum. o. Layer of osteoblasts. im. Subperiosteal bony deposit.</DIV>
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<P>There are two types of ossification centers – primary and secondary.</P>
<P>A primary ossification center is the first area of a bone to start ossifying. It usually appears during prenatal development in the central part of each developing bone. In long bones the primary centers occur in the <A href="/wiki/Diaphysis" title="Diaphysis">diaphysis</A>/shaft and in irregular bones the primary centers occur usually in the body of the bone. Most bones have only one primary center (e.g. all long bones) but some irregular bones such as the os coxa (hip) and vertebrae have multiple primary centers.</P>
<P>A secondary ossification center is the area of ossification that appears after the primary ossification center has already appeared – most of which appear during the postnatal and adolescent years. Most bones have more than one secondary ossification center. In long bones, the secondary centres appear in the <A href="/wiki/Epiphyses" class="mw-redirect" title="Epiphyses">epiphyses</A>.</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="References">References</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Ossification_center&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<P><I>This article incorporates text in the <A href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</A> from the 20th edition of <A href="/wiki/Gray%27s_Anatomy" title="Gray's Anatomy">Gray's Anatomy</A> (1918)</I></P>
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<LI id="cite_note-1"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-1"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Gray and Spitzka (1910), page 44.</SPAN></LI>
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<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Bibliography">Bibliography</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Ossification_center&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
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<LI><CITE class="citation book">Gray, Henry; Spitzka, Edward Anthony (1910). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=a9wEAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA44&dq=ossification&hl=en&ei=e27HTe2AFoy5twe97tWfBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDkQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=ossification&f=false"><I>Anatomy, descriptive and applied</I></A>. the University of California: Lea & Febiger.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anatomy%2C+descriptive+and+applied&rft.place=the+University+of+California&rft.pub=Lea+%26+Febiger&rft.date=1910&rft.au=Gray%2C+Henry&rft.au=Spitzka%2C+Edward+Anthony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Da9wEAQAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA44%26dq%3Dossification%26hl%3Den%26ei%3De27HTe2AFoy5twe97tWfBA%26sa%3DX%26oi%3Dbook_result%26ct%3Dresult%26resnum%3D4%26ved%3D0CDkQ6AEwAw%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dossification%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOssification+center" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
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question_text: when do primary ossification centers appear in an embryo