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<TITLE>Agriculture in India - Wikipedia</TITLE>

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<H1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" lang="en">Agriculture in India</H1>			<DIV id="bodyContent" class="mw-body-content">
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<DIV class="mbox-text-span">It has been suggested that <I><A href="/wiki/Farming_systems_in_India" title="Farming systems in India">Farming systems in India</A></I> be <A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Merging" title="Wikipedia:Merging">merged</A> into this article. (<A href="/wiki/Talk:Agriculture_in_India#Proposed_merge_with_Farming_systems_in_India" title="Talk:Agriculture in India">Discuss</A>) <SMALL><I>Proposed since July 2016.</I></SMALL></DIV>
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<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Major_crop_areas_India.png" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Major_crop_areas_India.png/220px-Major_crop_areas_India.png" width="220" height="257" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Major_crop_areas_India.png/330px-Major_crop_areas_India.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Major_crop_areas_India.png/440px-Major_crop_areas_India.png 2x" data-file-width="1486" data-file-height="1734" /></A>
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Major crops by regions of India.</DIV>
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Agriculture has a significant role in the socio-economic cotton of India. Here Sikh farmers are deploying a tractor and cane crusher to produce and distribute free cane juice at a festival.</DIV>
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Several festivals relate to agriculture in India. <A href="/wiki/Holi" title="Holi">Holi</A> — the festival of colours is celebrated across north India as the coming of spring. It is celebrated with bonfires, meeting friends and strangers, playful painting each other with colours.</DIV>
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<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Green_Beds,_farmlands_India.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Green_Beds%2C_farmlands_India.jpg/220px-Green_Beds%2C_farmlands_India.jpg" width="220" height="134" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Green_Beds%2C_farmlands_India.jpg/330px-Green_Beds%2C_farmlands_India.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Green_Beds%2C_farmlands_India.jpg/440px-Green_Beds%2C_farmlands_India.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4202" data-file-height="2559" /></A>
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Farms in rural India. Most farms in India are small plots such as in this image.</DIV>
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<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:A_vegetable_farm_in_Himachal_Pradesh.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/A_vegetable_farm_in_Himachal_Pradesh.jpg/220px-A_vegetable_farm_in_Himachal_Pradesh.jpg" width="220" height="146" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/A_vegetable_farm_in_Himachal_Pradesh.jpg/330px-A_vegetable_farm_in_Himachal_Pradesh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/A_vegetable_farm_in_Himachal_Pradesh.jpg/440px-A_vegetable_farm_in_Himachal_Pradesh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="852" /></A>
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A vegetable farm in <A href="/wiki/Himachal_Pradesh" title="Himachal Pradesh">Himachal Pradesh</A> state.</DIV>
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<P>The history of <B>Agriculture in India</B> dates back to <A href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus Valley Civilization">Indus Valley Civilization</A> Era and even before that in some parts of Southern India.<SUP id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-1">[1]</A></SUP> Today, India <A href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_sector_composition" title="List of countries by GDP sector composition">ranks</A> second worldwide in farm output. <A href="/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">Agriculture</A> and allied sectors like <A href="/wiki/Forestry_in_India" title="Forestry in India">forestry</A> and <A href="/wiki/Fishing_in_India" title="Fishing in India">fisheries</A> accounted for 13.7% of the <A href="/wiki/GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="GDP">GDP</A> (gross domestic product) in 2013,<SUP id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-2">[2]</A></SUP> about 50% of the workforce.<SUP id="cite_ref-CIA_3-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-CIA-3">[3]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-4">[4]</A></SUP> The economic contribution of agriculture to India's GDP is steadily declining with the country's broad-based economic growth. Still, agriculture is demographically the broadest economic sector and plays a significant role in the overall socio-economic fabric of India.</P>
<P>India exported $38 billion worth of agricultural products in 2013, making it the seventh largest agricultural exporter worldwide and the sixth largest net exporter.<SUP id="cite_ref-usda2014_5-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-usda2014-5">[5]</A></SUP> Most of its agriculture exports serve developing and least developed nations.<SUP id="cite_ref-usda2014_5-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-usda2014-5">[5]</A></SUP> Indian agricultural/horticultural and processed foods are exported to more than 120 countries, primarily in the Middle East, Southeast Asia, SAARC countries, the EU and the United States.<SUP id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-6">[6]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-7">[7]</A></SUP></P>
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<DIV id="toc" class="toc">
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<H2>Contents</H2>
<SPAN class="toctoggle"> [<A role="button" tabindex="0" class="togglelink">hide</A>] </SPAN></DIV>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><A href="#Overview"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Overview</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><A href="#History"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">History</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><A href="#Agriculture_and_colonialism"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Agriculture and colonialism</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><A href="#Indian_agriculture_after_independence"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Indian agriculture after independence</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><A href="#Irrigation"><SPAN class="tocnumber">3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Irrigation</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><A href="#Output"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Output</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><A href="#Major_crops_and_yields"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Major crops and yields</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><A href="#Horticulture"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Horticulture</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><A href="#Organic_Agriculture"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4.3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Organic Agriculture</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><A href="#Problems"><SPAN class="tocnumber">5</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Problems</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><A href="#Infrastructure"><SPAN class="tocnumber">5.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Infrastructure</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><A href="#Productivity"><SPAN class="tocnumber">5.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Productivity</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><A href="#Farmer_suicides"><SPAN class="tocnumber">5.3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Farmer suicides</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><A href="#Diversion_of_agricultural_land_for_non_agricultural_purpose"><SPAN class="tocnumber">5.4</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Diversion of agricultural land for non agricultural purpose</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><A href="#Initiatives"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Initiatives</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><A href="#Maps"><SPAN class="tocnumber">7</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Maps</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><A href="#See_also"><SPAN class="tocnumber">8</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">See also</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><A href="#Bibliography"><SPAN class="tocnumber">9</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Bibliography</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><A href="#References"><SPAN class="tocnumber">10</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">References</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20"><A href="#Further_reading"><SPAN class="tocnumber">11</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Further reading</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21"><A href="#External_links"><SPAN class="tocnumber">12</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">External links</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
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<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Overview">Overview</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_India&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
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Rice Paddy Fields in Tamil Nadu</DIV>
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<P>As per the 2010 <A href="/wiki/Food_and_Agriculture_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Food and Agriculture Organisation">FAO</A> world agriculture statistics India is the world's largest producer of many fresh <A href="/wiki/Fruit" title="Fruit">fruits</A> and vegetables, <A href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">milk</A>, major <A href="/wiki/Spice" title="Spice">spices</A>, select fibrous crops such as <A href="/wiki/Jute" title="Jute">jute</A>, staples such as <A href="/wiki/Millet" title="Millet">millets</A> and <A href="/wiki/Castor_oil" title="Castor oil">castor oil</A> seed. India is the second largest producer of <A href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">wheat</A> and <A href="/wiki/Rice" title="Rice">rice</A>, the world's major <A href="/wiki/Staple_food" title="Staple food">food staples</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-faostat.fao.org_8-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-faostat.fao.org-8">[8]</A></SUP></P>
<P>India is the world's second or third largest producer of several <A href="/wiki/Dried_fruit" title="Dried fruit">dry fruits</A>, agriculture-based <A href="/wiki/Textile" title="Textile">textile</A> raw materials, <A href="/wiki/List_of_root_vegetables" title="List of root vegetables">roots</A> and <A href="/wiki/Tuber" title="Tuber">tuber</A> crops, <A href="/wiki/Pulse_(legume)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulse (legume)">pulses</A>, farmed <A href="/wiki/Fish_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fish (food)">fish</A>, <A href="/wiki/Egg_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Egg (food)">eggs</A>, <A href="/wiki/Coconut" title="Coconut">coconut</A>, <A href="/wiki/Sugarcane" title="Sugarcane">sugarcane</A> and numerous <A href="/wiki/Vegetable" title="Vegetable">vegetables</A>. India ranked in the world's five largest producers of over 80% of agricultural produce items, including many <A href="/wiki/Cash_crop" title="Cash crop">cash crops</A> such as <A href="/wiki/Coffee" title="Coffee">coffee</A> and <A href="/wiki/Cotton" title="Cotton">cotton</A>, in 2010.<SUP id="cite_ref-faostat.fao.org_8-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-faostat.fao.org-8">[8]</A></SUP> India is one of the world's five largest producers of livestock and <A href="/wiki/Poultry_meat" class="mw-redirect" title="Poultry meat">poultry meat</A>, with one of the fastest growth rates, as of 2011<SUP class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_India&action=edit">[update]</A></SUP>.<SUP id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-9">[9]</A></SUP></P>
<P>One report from 2008 claimed India's population is growing faster than its ability to produce rice and wheat.<SUP id="cite_ref-nytagriculture_10-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-nytagriculture-10">[10]</A></SUP> Other recent studies claim India can easily feed its growing population, plus produce wheat and rice for global exports, if it can reduce food staple spoilage, improve its infrastructure and raise its farm productivity to those achieved by other developing countries such as <A href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</A> and <A href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-fao1a_11-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-fao1a-11">[11]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-wboverview2_12-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-wboverview2-12">[12]</A></SUP></P>
<P>In fiscal year ending June 2011, with a normal monsoon season, Indian agriculture accomplished an all-time record production of 85.9 million tonnes of wheat, a 6.4% increase from a year earlier. Rice output in India hit a new record at 95.3 million tonnes, a 7% increase from the year earlier.<SUP id="cite_ref-bloomberg1_13-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-bloomberg1-13">[13]</A></SUP> Lentils and many other food staples production also increased year over year. Indian farmers, thus produced about 71 kilograms of wheat and 80 kilograms of rice for every member of Indian population in 2011. The per capita supply of rice every year in India is now higher than the per capita consumption of rice every year in Japan.<SUP id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-14">[14]</A></SUP></P>
<P>India exported $39 billion worth of agricultural products in 2013, making it the seventh largest agricultural exporter worldwide, and the sixth largest net exporter.<SUP id="cite_ref-usda2014_5-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-usda2014-5">[5]</A></SUP> This represents explosive growth, as in 2004 net export were about $5 billion.<SUP id="cite_ref-usda2014_5-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-usda2014-5">[5]</A></SUP> India is the fastest growing exporter of agricultural products over a 10-year period, its $39 billion of net exports is more than double the combined exports of the European Union (EU-28).<SUP id="cite_ref-usda2014_5-4" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-usda2014-5">[5]</A></SUP> It has become one of the world's largest supplier of rice, cotton, sugar and wheat. India exported around 2 million metric tonnes of wheat and 2.1 million metric tonnes of rice in 2011 to <A href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</A>, <A href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</A>, <A href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</A> and other regions around the world.<SUP id="cite_ref-bloomberg1_13-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-bloomberg1-13">[13]</A></SUP></P>
<P><A href="/wiki/Fishing_in_India" title="Fishing in India">Aquaculture and catch fishery</A> is amongst the fastest growing industries in India. Between 1990 and 2010, the Indian fish capture harvest doubled, while aquaculture harvest tripled. In 2008, India was the world's sixth largest producer of marine and freshwater capture fisheries and the second largest aquaculture farmed fish producer. India exported 600,000 metric tonnes of fish products to nearly half of the world's countries.<SUP id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-15">[15]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-16">[16]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-17">[17]</A></SUP></P>
<P>India has shown a steady average nationwide annual increase in the kilograms produced per hectare for some agricultural items, over the last 60 years. These gains have come mainly from India's <A href="/wiki/Green_Revolution" title="Green Revolution">green revolution</A>, improving road and power generation infrastructure, knowledge of gains and reforms.<SUP id="cite_ref-rbi1_18-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-rbi1-18">[18]</A></SUP> Despite these recent accomplishments, agriculture has the potential for major productivity and total output gains, because crop yields in India are still just 30% to 60% of the best sustainable crop yields achievable in the farms of developed and other developing countries.<SUP id="cite_ref-OSU2009_19-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-OSU2009-19">[19]</A></SUP> Additionally, losses after harvest due to poor infrastructure and unorganized retail cause India to experience some of the highest food losses in the world.<SUP id="cite_ref-Econ312_20-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Econ312-20">[20]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-21">[21]</A></SUP>. A new step to bring eFarming is being introduced by <A href="/w/index.php?title=MyKheti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MyKheti (page does not exist)">myKheti</A> that serves fresh fruits and vegetables direct from Khet/Farm without storage. Because of a vast digital revolution in India, <A href="/w/index.php?title=MyKheti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MyKheti (page does not exist)">myKheti</A> brings agriculture in a digital front through eFarming where anyone can be an online farmer and can get fresh vegetables and fruits direct from Khet/Farm.</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="History">History</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_India&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
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<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/History_of_agriculture_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="History of agriculture in India">History of agriculture in India</A></DIV>
<P><A href="/wiki/Vedic_literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Vedic literature">Vedic literature</A> provides some of the earliest written record of agriculture in India. <A href="/wiki/Rigveda" title="Rigveda">Rigveda</A> hymns, for example, describes plowing, fallowing, irrigation, fruit and vegetable cultivation. Other historical evidence suggests rice and cotton were cultivated in the <A href="/wiki/Indus_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus Valley">Indus Valley</A>, and plowing patterns from the <A href="/wiki/Bronze_Age" title="Bronze Age">Bronze Age</A> have been excavated at <A href="/wiki/Kalibangan" title="Kalibangan">Kalibangan</A> in <A href="/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-pbs7_22-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-pbs7-22">[22]</A></SUP> Bhumivargaha, an Indian <A href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</A> text, suggested to be 2500 years old, classifies agricultural land into 12 categories: urvara (fertile), ushara (barren), maru (desert), aprahata (fallow), shadvala (grassy), pankikala (muddy), jalaprayah (watery), kachchaha (contiguous to water), sharkara (full of pebbles and pieces of limestone), sharkaravati (sandy), nadimatruka (watered from a river), and devamatruka (rainfed). Some archaeologists believe that rice was a domesticated crop along the banks of the river Ganges in the sixth millennium BC. So were species of winter cereals (barley, oats, and wheat) and legumes (lentil and chickpea) grown in northwest India before the sixth millennium BC.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="Your explanation here (April 2016)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP> Other crops cultivated in India 3000 to 6000 years ago, include sesame, linseed, safflower, mustards, castor, mung bean, black gram, horse gram, pigeonpea, field pea, grass pea (khesari), fenugreek, cotton, jujube, grapes, dates, jackfruit, mango, mulberry, and black plum<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="Your explanation here (April 2016)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP>. Indian peasants had also domesticated cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats, pigs and horses thousands of years ago<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="Your explanation here (April 2016)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP>.</P>
<P>According to some scientists agriculture was widespread in the Indian peninsula, 10000–3000 years ago, well beyond the fertile plains of the north. For example, one study reports 12 sites in the southern Indian states of <A href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</A> and <A href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</A> providing clear evidence of agriculture of pulses (<A href="/wiki/Vigna_radiata" class="mw-redirect" title="Vigna radiata">Vigna radiata</A> and <A href="/wiki/Macrotyloma_uniflorum" title="Macrotyloma uniflorum">Macrotyloma uniflorum</A>), millet-grasses (<A href="/wiki/Brachiaria" title="Brachiaria">Brachiaria</A> ramosa and <A href="/wiki/Setaria_verticillata" title="Setaria verticillata">Setaria verticillata</A>), wheats (<A href="/wiki/Triticum_dicoccum" class="mw-redirect" title="Triticum dicoccum">Triticum dicoccum</A>, <A href="/wiki/Triticum_durum" class="mw-redirect" title="Triticum durum">Triticum durum</A>/<A href="/wiki/Triticum_aestivum" class="mw-redirect" title="Triticum aestivum">aestivum</A>), barley (<A href="/wiki/Hordeum_vulgare" class="mw-redirect" title="Hordeum vulgare">Hordeum vulgare</A>), <A href="/wiki/Hyacinth_bean" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyacinth bean">hyacinth bean</A> (<A href="/wiki/Lablab_purpureus" class="mw-redirect" title="Lablab purpureus">Lablab purpureus</A>), pearl millet (<A href="/wiki/Pennisetum_glaucum" class="mw-redirect" title="Pennisetum glaucum">Pennisetum glaucum</A>), <A href="/wiki/Finger_millet" class="mw-redirect" title="Finger millet">finger millet</A> (<A href="/wiki/Eleusine_coracana" title="Eleusine coracana">Eleusine coracana</A>), <A href="/wiki/Cotton" title="Cotton">cotton</A> (<A href="/wiki/Gossypium" title="Gossypium">Gossypium</A> sp.), <A href="/wiki/Linseed" class="mw-redirect" title="Linseed">linseed</A> (<A href="/wiki/Linum" title="Linum">Linum</A> sp.), as well as gathered fruits of <A href="/wiki/Ziziphus" title="Ziziphus">Ziziphus</A> and two <A href="/wiki/Cucurbitaceae" title="Cucurbitaceae">Cucurbitaceae</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-23">[23]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-24">[24]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Some claim Indian agriculture began by 9000 BC as a result of early cultivation of plants, and domestication of crops and animals.<SUP id="cite_ref-gupta57_25-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-gupta57-25">[25]</A></SUP> Settled life soon followed with implements and techniques being developed for agriculture.<SUP id="cite_ref-harrisandgosden385_26-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-harrisandgosden385-26">[26]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-lal_27-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-lal-27">[27]</A></SUP> Double <A href="/wiki/Monsoon" title="Monsoon">monsoons</A> led to two harvests being reaped in one year.<SUP id="cite_ref-eb-agri_28-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-eb-agri-28">[28]</A></SUP> Indian products soon reached trading networks and foreign crops were introduced.<SUP id="cite_ref-eb-agri_28-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-eb-agri-28">[28]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-shaffer310-311_29-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-shaffer310-311-29">[29]</A></SUP> Plants and animals—considered essential to survival by the Indians—came to be worshiped and venerated.<SUP id="cite_ref-gupta57_25-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-gupta57-25">[25]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The <A href="/wiki/Middle_ages" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle ages">middle ages</A> saw irrigation channels reach a new level of sophistication, and Indian crops affected the economies of other regions of the world under <A href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islamic</A> patronage.<SUP id="cite_ref-Siddiqui_30-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Siddiqui-30">[30]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-shaffer315_31-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-shaffer315-31">[31]</A></SUP> Land and water management systems were developed with an aim of providing uniform growth.<SUP id="cite_ref-palat63_32-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-palat63-32">[32]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-kumar182_33-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-kumar182-33">[33]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Despite some stagnation during the later modern era the independent <A href="/wiki/Republic_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of India">Republic of India</A> was able to develop a comprehensive agricultural programme.<SUP id="cite_ref-roy2006_34-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-roy2006-34">[34]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-kumar2006_35-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-kumar2006-35">[35]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Agriculture_and_colonialism">Agriculture and colonialism</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_India&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Agriculture and colonialism">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<P>Over 2500 years ago, Indian farmers had discovered and begun farming many spices and <A href="/wiki/Sugarcane" title="Sugarcane">sugarcane</A>. It was in India, between the sixth and four BC, that the Persians, followed by the <A href="/wiki/Greeks" title="Greeks">Greeks</A>, discovered the famous "reeds that produce honey without bees" being grown. These were locally called साखर, (Sākhara). On their return journey, the <A href="/wiki/Macedonians_(ethnic_group)" title="Macedonians (ethnic group)">Macedonian</A> soldiers carried the "honey bearing reeds," thus spreading <A href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">sugar</A> and <A href="/wiki/Sugarcane" title="Sugarcane">sugarcane</A> agriculture.<SUP id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-36">[36]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-agrisugar1_37-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-agrisugar1-37">[37]</A></SUP> People in India had invented, by about 500 BC, the process to produce sugar crystals. In the local language, these crystals were called <I>khanda</I> (खण्ड), which is the source of the word <I>candy</I>.<SUP id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-38">[38]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Before the 18th century, cultivation of sugarcane was largely confined to India. A few merchants began to trade in sugar — a luxury and an expensive spice in Europe until the 18th century. Sugar became widely popular in 18th-century Europe, then graduated to become a human necessity in the 19th century all over the world. This evolution of taste and demand for sugar as an essential food ingredient unleashed major economic and social changes. Sugarcane does not grow in cold, frost-prone climate; therefore, tropical and semitropical colonies were sought. Sugarcane plantations, just like <A href="/wiki/Cotton" title="Cotton">cotton</A> farms, became a major driver of large and forced human migrations in 19th century and early 20th century — of people from Africa and from India, both in millions — influencing the ethnic mix, political conflicts and cultural evolution of Caribbean, South American, Indian Ocean and Pacific Island nations.<SUP id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-39">[39]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-40">[40]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The history and past accomplishments of Indian agriculture thus influenced, in part, colonialism, slavery and slavery-like indentured labor practices in the new world, <A href="/wiki/History_of_the_Caribbean#Impact_of_colonialism_on_the_Caribbean" title="History of the Caribbean">Caribbean wars</A> and world history in 18th and 19th centuries.<SUP id="cite_ref-britain1_41-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-britain1-41">[41]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-42">[42]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-43">[43]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-44">[44]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-45">[45]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Indian_agriculture_after_independence">Indian agriculture after independence</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_India&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Indian agriculture after independence">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
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Cotton flower in India. This is a cash crop in <A href="/wiki/Vidarbha" title="Vidarbha">central India</A>.</DIV>
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<P>In the years since its independence, India has made immense progress towards food security. Indian population has tripled, and food-grain production more than quadrupled. There has been a substantial increase in available food-grain per capita.</P>
<P>Before the mid-1960s India relied on imports and food aid to meet domestic requirements. However, two years of severe drought in 1965 and 1966 convinced India to reform its agricultural policy and that they could not rely on foreign aid and imports for food security. India adopted significant policy reforms focused on the goal of foodgrain self-sufficiency. This ushered in India's <A href="/wiki/Green_Revolution" title="Green Revolution">Green Revolution</A>. It began with the decision to adopt superior yielding, disease resistant wheat varieties in combination with better farming knowledge to improve productivity. The state of <A href="/wiki/Punjab_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Punjab (India)">Punjab</A> led India's <A href="/wiki/Green_Revolution" title="Green Revolution">green revolution</A> and earned the distinction of being the country's bread basket.<SUP id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-46">[46]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The initial increase in production was centred on the irrigated areas of the states of <A href="/wiki/Punjab,_India" title="Punjab, India">Punjab</A>, <A href="/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana">Haryana</A> and western <A href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</A>. With the farmers and the government officials focusing on farm productivity and knowledge transfer, India's total foodgrain production soared. A hectare of Indian wheat farm that produced an average of 0.8 tonnes in 1948, produced 4.7 tonnes of wheat in 1975 from the same land. Such rapid growth in farm productivity enabled India to become self-sufficient by the 1970s. It also empowered the smallholder farmers to seek further means to increase food staples produced per hectare. By 2000, Indian farms were adopting wheat varieties capable of yielding 6 tonnes of wheat per hectare.<SUP id="cite_ref-fao1a_11-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-fao1a-11">[11]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-47">[47]</A></SUP></P>
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Men and women at work in rice paddy fields in Tamil Nadu</DIV>
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<P>With agricultural policy success in wheat, India's Green Revolution technology spread to rice. However, since irrigation infrastructure was very poor, Indian farmer innovated with tube-wells, to harvest <A href="/wiki/Ground_water" class="mw-redirect" title="Ground water">ground water</A>. When gains from the new technology reached their limits in the states of initial adoption, the technology spread in the 1970s and 1980s to the states of eastern India — <A href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</A>, <A href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</A> and <A href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</A>. The lasting benefits of the improved seeds and new technology extended principally to the irrigated areas which account for about one-third of the harvested crop area. In the 1980s, Indian agriculture policy shifted to "evolution of a production pattern in line with the demand pattern" leading to a shift in emphasis to other agricultural commodities like oilseed, fruit and vegetables. Farmers began adopting improved methods and technologies in dairying, fisheries and livestock, and meeting the diversified food needs of a growing population.</P>
<P>As with rice, the lasting benefits of improved seeds and improved farming technologies now largely depends on whether India develops infrastructure such as irrigation network, flood control systems, reliable electricity production capacity, all-season rural and urban highways, cold storage to prevent spoilage, modern retail, and competitive buyers of produce from Indian farmers. This is increasingly the focus of Indian agriculture policy.</P>
<P>India's agricultural economy is undergoing structural changes. Between 1970 and 2011, the GDP share of agriculture has fallen from 43% to 16%. This isn't because of reduced importance of agriculture or a consequence of agricultural policy. This is largely because of the rapid economic growth in services, industrial output, and non-agricultural sectors in India between 2000 and 2010.</P>
<P>Agricultural scientist <A href="/wiki/MS_Swaminathan" class="mw-redirect" title="MS Swaminathan">MS Swaminathan</A> has played a vital role in the green revolution. In 2013 NDTV awarded him as 25 living legend of India for outstanding contribution to agriculture and making India a food sovereign country.</P>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Sardar_Sarovar_Canal_with_flow.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Sardar_Sarovar_Canal_with_flow.jpg/220px-Sardar_Sarovar_Canal_with_flow.jpg" width="220" height="149" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Sardar_Sarovar_Canal_with_flow.jpg/330px-Sardar_Sarovar_Canal_with_flow.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Sardar_Sarovar_Canal_with_flow.jpg/440px-Sardar_Sarovar_Canal_with_flow.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1491" data-file-height="1009" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Sardar_Sarovar_Canal_with_flow.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
An irrigation canal in <A href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</A>. <A href="/wiki/Irrigation" title="Irrigation">Irrigation</A> contributes significantly to agriculture in India.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<P>Two states, Sikkim<SUP id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-48">[48]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-49">[49]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-50">[50]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-51">[51]</A></SUP> and Kerala<SUP id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-52">[52]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-53">[53]</A></SUP> have planned to shift fully to <A href="/wiki/Organic_farming" title="Organic farming">organic farming</A> by 2015 and 2016 respectively.</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Irrigation">Irrigation</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_India&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Irrigation">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Irrigation_in_India" title="Irrigation in India">Irrigation in India</A></DIV>
<P>Indian irrigation infrastructure includes a network of major and minor canals from rivers, groundwater well-based systems, tanks, and other <A href="/wiki/Rainwater_harvesting" title="Rainwater harvesting">rainwater harvesting</A> projects for agricultural activities. Of these, the groundwater system is the largest.<SUP id="cite_ref-ssground_54-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ssground-54">[54]</A></SUP> Of the 160 million hectares of cultivated land in India, about 39 million hectare can be irrigated by groundwater wells and an additional 22 million hectares by irrigation canals.<SUP id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-55">[55]</A></SUP> In 2010, only about 35% of agricultural land in India was reliably irrigated.<SUP id="cite_ref-wbirrig_56-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-wbirrig-56">[56]</A></SUP> About 2/3rd cultivated land in India is dependent on <A href="/wiki/Monsoon_of_South_Asia" title="Monsoon of South Asia">monsoons</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-57">[57]</A></SUP> The improvements in irrigation infrastructure in the last 50 years have helped India improve food security, reduce dependence on monsoons, improve agricultural productivity and create rural job opportunities. Dams used for irrigation projects have helped provide drinking water to a growing rural population, control flood and prevent drought-related damage to agriculture.<SUP id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-58">[58]</A></SUP></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Output">Output</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_India&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Output">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Poomparai_village.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Poomparai_village.jpg/220px-Poomparai_village.jpg" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Poomparai_village.jpg/330px-Poomparai_village.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Poomparai_village.jpg/440px-Poomparai_village.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Poomparai_village.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
Indian agriculture is diverse, ranging from impoverished farm villages to developed farms using modern agricultural technologies. This image shows a farming community in a more prosperous part of India.</DIV>
</DIV>
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<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Chitradurga_(168645592).jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Chitradurga_%28168645592%29.jpg/220px-Chitradurga_%28168645592%29.jpg" width="220" height="147" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Chitradurga_%28168645592%29.jpg/330px-Chitradurga_%28168645592%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Chitradurga_%28168645592%29.jpg/440px-Chitradurga_%28168645592%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Chitradurga_(168645592).jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
The changing face of Indian agriculture: formation of larger farms and adoption of wind power generation technologies.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:A_panoramic_view_of_Thanikkudam-01.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/A_panoramic_view_of_Thanikkudam-01.jpg/220px-A_panoramic_view_of_Thanikkudam-01.jpg" width="220" height="45" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/A_panoramic_view_of_Thanikkudam-01.jpg/330px-A_panoramic_view_of_Thanikkudam-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/A_panoramic_view_of_Thanikkudam-01.jpg/440px-A_panoramic_view_of_Thanikkudam-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8000" data-file-height="1643" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:A_panoramic_view_of_Thanikkudam-01.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
A panoramic view of a rice, cassava and banana farm in <A href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</A> state.</DIV>
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<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:%22A_farm%22_Ranakpuri,_Rajasthan_India_2012.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/%22A_farm%22_Ranakpuri%2C_Rajasthan_India_2012.jpg/220px-%22A_farm%22_Ranakpuri%2C_Rajasthan_India_2012.jpg" width="220" height="146" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/%22A_farm%22_Ranakpuri%2C_Rajasthan_India_2012.jpg/330px-%22A_farm%22_Ranakpuri%2C_Rajasthan_India_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/%22A_farm%22_Ranakpuri%2C_Rajasthan_India_2012.jpg/440px-%22A_farm%22_Ranakpuri%2C_Rajasthan_India_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></A>
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<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:%22A_farm%22_Ranakpuri,_Rajasthan_India_2012.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
A mustard farm in <A href="/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</A> state.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Amul_Plant_at_Anand.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Amul_Plant_at_Anand.jpg/220px-Amul_Plant_at_Anand.jpg" width="220" height="98" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Amul_Plant_at_Anand.jpg/330px-Amul_Plant_at_Anand.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Amul_Plant_at_Anand.jpg/440px-Amul_Plant_at_Anand.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5214" data-file-height="2329" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Amul_Plant_at_Anand.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
Amul: an integrated dairy with milk processing plant in <A href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</A> state.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Tea_plantations_in_Munnar.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Tea_plantations_in_Munnar.jpg/220px-Tea_plantations_in_Munnar.jpg" width="220" height="147" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Tea_plantations_in_Munnar.jpg/330px-Tea_plantations_in_Munnar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Tea_plantations_in_Munnar.jpg/440px-Tea_plantations_in_Munnar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Tea_plantations_in_Munnar.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
India has some of the world's best agricultural yields in its tea plantations. A tea estate in <A href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</A> state.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<P>As of 2011<SUP class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_India&action=edit">[update]</A></SUP>, India had a large and diverse agricultural sector, accounting, on average, for about 16% of GDP and 10% of export earnings. India's arable land area of 159.7 million hectares (394.6 million acres) is the second largest in the world, after the United States. Its gross irrigated crop area of 82.6 million hectares (215.6 million acres) is the largest in the world. India is among the top three global producers of many crops, including wheat, rice, pulses, cotton, peanuts, fruits and vegetables. Worldwide, as of 2011<SUP class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_India&action=edit">[update]</A></SUP>, India had the largest herds of buffalo and cattle, is the largest producer of milk and has one of the largest and fastest growing poultry industries.<SUP id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-59">[59]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Major_crops_and_yields">Major crops and yields</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_India&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Major crops and yields">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<P>The following table presents the 20 most important agricultural products in India, by economic value, in 2009. Included in the table is the average productivity of India's farms for each produce. For context and comparison, included is the average of the most productive farms in the world and name of country where the most productive farms existed in 2010. The table suggests India has large potential for further accomplishments from productivity increases, in increased agricultural output and agricultural incomes.<SUP id="cite_ref-fao2011p_60-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-fao2011p-60">[60]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-61">[61]</A></SUP></P>
<TABLE class="wikitable sortable jquery-tablesorter">
<CAPTION>Largest agricultural products in India by value<SUP id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-62">[62]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-63">[63]</A></SUP></CAPTION>
<THEAD><TR>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Rank</TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Commodity</TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Value (US$, 2013)</TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Unit price<BR />
(US$ / kilogram, 2009)</TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Average yield<BR />
(tonnes per hectare, 2010)</TH>
<TH colspan="2" class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Most productive country<BR />
(tonnes per hectare, 2010)</TH>
</TR></THEAD><TBODY>
<TR>
<TD>1</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Rice" title="Rice">Rice</A></TD>
<TD>$42.57 billion</TD>
<TD>0.27</TD>
<TD>3.99</TD>
<TD>12.03</TD>
<TD>Australia</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>2</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Water_buffalo" title="Water buffalo">Buffalo milk</A></TD>
<TD>$27.92 billion</TD>
<TD>0.4</TD>
<TD>0.63<SUP id="cite_ref-topy_64-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-topy-64">[64]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD>23.7<SUP id="cite_ref-topy_64-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-topy-64">[64]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD>India</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>3</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Milk#Cow.27s_milk" title="Milk">Cow milk</A></TD>
<TD>$18.91 billion</TD>
<TD>0.31</TD>
<TD>1.2<SUP id="cite_ref-topy_64-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-topy-64">[64]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD>10.3<SUP id="cite_ref-topy_64-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-topy-64">[64]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD>Israel</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>4</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">Wheat</A></TD>
<TD>$13.98 billion</TD>
<TD>0.15</TD>
<TD>2.8</TD>
<TD>8.9</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>5</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Mango" title="Mango">Mangoes</A>, <A href="/wiki/Guava" title="Guava">guavas</A></TD>
<TD>$10.79 billion</TD>
<TD>0.6</TD>
<TD>6.3</TD>
<TD>40.6</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>6</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Sugarcane" title="Sugarcane">Sugar cane</A></TD>
<TD>$10.42 billion</TD>
<TD>0.03</TD>
<TD>66</TD>
<TD>125</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>7</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Cotton" title="Cotton">Cotton</A></TD>
<TD>$8.65 billion</TD>
<TD>1.43</TD>
<TD>1.6</TD>
<TD>4.6</TD>
<TD>Israel</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>8</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Banana" title="Banana">Bananas</A></TD>
<TD>$7.77 billion</TD>
<TD>0.28</TD>
<TD>37.8</TD>
<TD>59.3</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>9</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Potato" title="Potato">Potatoes</A></TD>
<TD>$7.11 billion</TD>
<TD>0.15</TD>
<TD>19.9</TD>
<TD>44.3</TD>
<TD>United States</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>10</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Tomato" title="Tomato">Tomatoes</A></TD>
<TD>$6.74 billion</TD>
<TD>0.37</TD>
<TD>19.3</TD>
<TD>524.9</TD>
<TD>Belgium</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>11</TD>
<TD>Fresh vegetables</TD>
<TD>$6.27 billion</TD>
<TD>0.19</TD>
<TD>13.4</TD>
<TD>76.8</TD>
<TD>United States</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>12</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Water_buffalo" title="Water buffalo">Buffalo meat</A></TD>
<TD>$4.33 billion</TD>
<TD>2.69</TD>
<TD>0.138<SUP id="cite_ref-topy_64-4" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-topy-64">[64]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD>0.424<SUP id="cite_ref-topy_64-5" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-topy-64">[64]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>13</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Peanut" title="Peanut">Groundnuts</A></TD>
<TD>$4.11 billion</TD>
<TD>1.96</TD>
<TD>1.8</TD>
<TD>17.0</TD>
<TD>China</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>14</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Okra" title="Okra">Okra</A></TD>
<TD>$4.06 billion</TD>
<TD>0.35</TD>
<TD>7.6</TD>
<TD>23.9</TD>
<TD>Israel</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>15</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Onion" title="Onion">Onions</A></TD>
<TD>$4.05 billion</TD>
<TD>0.21</TD>
<TD>16.6</TD>
<TD>67.3</TD>
<TD>Ireland</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>16</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Chickpea" title="Chickpea">Chick peas</A></TD>
<TD>$3.43 billion</TD>
<TD>0.4</TD>
<TD>0.9</TD>
<TD>2.8</TD>
<TD>China</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>17</TD>
<TD>Chicken meat</TD>
<TD>$3.32 billion</TD>
<TD>0.64</TD>
<TD>10.6</TD>
<TD>20.2</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>18</TD>
<TD>Fresh fruits</TD>
<TD>$3.25 billion</TD>
<TD>0.42</TD>
<TD>1.1</TD>
<TD>5.5</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>19</TD>
<TD>Hen eggs</TD>
<TD>$3.18 billion</TD>
<TD>2.7</TD>
<TD>0.1<SUP id="cite_ref-topy_64-6" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-topy-64">[64]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD>0.42<SUP id="cite_ref-topy_64-7" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-topy-64">[64]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD>Japan</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>20</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Soybean" title="Soybean">Soybeans</A></TD>
<TD>$3.09 billion</TD>
<TD>0.26</TD>
<TD>1.1</TD>
<TD>3.7</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</A></TD>
</TR>
</TBODY><TFOOT></TFOOT></TABLE>
<P>The Statistics Office of the Food and Agriculture Organisation reported that, per final numbers for 2009, India had grown to become the world's largest producer of the following agricultural products:<SUP id="cite_ref-fao2009_65-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-fao2009-65">[65]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-66">[66]</A></SUP></P>
<DIV class="div-col columns column-count column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2;">
<UL>
<LI>Fresh Fruit</LI>
<LI>Lemons and limes</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Buffalo_milk" class="mw-redirect" title="Buffalo milk">Buffalo milk</A>, whole, fresh</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Castor_oil" title="Castor oil">Castor oil</A> seeds</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sunflower" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunflower">Sunflower</A> seeds</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sorghum" title="Sorghum">Sorghum</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Millet" title="Millet">Millet</A></LI>
<LI>Spices</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Okra" title="Okra">Okra</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Jute" title="Jute">Jute</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Beeswax" title="Beeswax">Beeswax</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bananas" class="mw-redirect" title="Bananas">Bananas</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mangoes" class="mw-redirect" title="Mangoes">Mangoes</A>, mangosteens, <A href="/wiki/Guavas" class="mw-redirect" title="Guavas">guavas</A></LI>
<LI>Pulses</LI>
<LI>Indigenous buffalo meat</LI>
<LI>Fruit, tropical</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ginger" title="Ginger">Ginger</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Chick_peas" class="mw-redirect" title="Chick peas">Chick peas</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Areca_nuts" class="mw-redirect" title="Areca nuts">Areca nuts</A></LI>
<LI>Other <A href="/wiki/Bast_fibre" title="Bast fibre">bastfibres</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pigeon_peas" class="mw-redirect" title="Pigeon peas">Pigeon peas</A></LI>
<LI>Papayas</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Chillies" class="mw-redirect" title="Chillies">Chillies</A> and <A href="/wiki/Bell_peppers" class="mw-redirect" title="Bell peppers">peppers</A>, dry</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Anise" title="Anise">Anise</A>, <A href="/wiki/Illicium_verum" title="Illicium verum">badian</A>, <A href="/wiki/Fennel" title="Fennel">fennel</A>, <A href="/wiki/Coriander" title="Coriander">coriander</A></LI>
<LI>Goat milk, whole, fresh</LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
<P>Per final numbers for 2009, India is the world's second largest producer of the following agricultural products:<SUP id="cite_ref-fao2009_65-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-fao2009-65">[65]</A></SUP></P>
<DIV class="div-col columns column-count column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2;">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">Wheat</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rice" title="Rice">Rice</A></LI>
<LI>Fresh vegetables</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sugar_cane" class="mw-redirect" title="Sugar cane">Sugar cane</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Groundnuts" class="mw-redirect" title="Groundnuts">Groundnuts</A>, with shell</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lentils" class="mw-redirect" title="Lentils">Lentils</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Garlic" title="Garlic">Garlic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cauliflowers" class="mw-redirect" title="Cauliflowers">Cauliflowers</A> and <A href="/wiki/Broccoli" title="Broccoli">broccoli</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Peas" class="mw-redirect" title="Peas">Peas</A>, green</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sesame_seed" class="mw-redirect" title="Sesame seed">Sesame seed</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cashew_nuts" class="mw-redirect" title="Cashew nuts">Cashew nuts</A>, with shell</LI>
<LI>Silk-worm cocoons, reelable</LI>
<LI>Cow milk, whole, fresh</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tea" title="Tea">Tea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Potatoes" class="mw-redirect" title="Potatoes">Potatoes</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Onions" class="mw-redirect" title="Onions">Onions</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Cotton_lint&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cotton lint (page does not exist)">Cotton lint</A></LI>
<LI>Cotton seed</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eggplants" class="mw-redirect" title="Eggplants">Eggplants</A> (aubergines)</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nutmeg" title="Nutmeg">Nutmeg</A>, <A href="/wiki/Mace_(spice)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mace (spice)">mace</A> and <A href="/wiki/Cardamoms" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardamoms">cardamoms</A></LI>
<LI>Indigenous goat meat</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cabbages" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabbages">Cabbages</A> and other brassicas</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pumpkins" class="mw-redirect" title="Pumpkins">Pumpkins</A>, <A href="/wiki/Squash_(plant)" class="mw-redirect" title="Squash (plant)">squash</A> and <A href="/wiki/Gourds" class="mw-redirect" title="Gourds">gourds</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
<P>In 2009, India was the world's third largest producer of eggs, oranges, coconuts, tomatoes, peas and beans.<SUP id="cite_ref-fao2009_65-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-fao2009-65">[65]</A></SUP></P>
<P>In addition to growth in total output, agriculture in India has shown an increase in average agricultural output per hectare in last 60 years. The table below presents average farm productivity in India over three farming years for some crops. Improving road and power generation infrastructure, knowledge gains and reforms has allowed India to increase farm productivity between 40% to 500% over 40 years.<SUP id="cite_ref-rbi1_18-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-rbi1-18">[18]</A></SUP> India's recent accomplishments in crop yields while being impressive, are still just 30% to 60% of the best crop yields achievable in the farms of developed as well as other developing countries. Additionally, despite these gains in farm productivity, losses after harvest due to poor infrastructure and unorganised retail cause India to experience some of the highest food losses in the world.</P>
<TABLE class="wikitable">
<CAPTION>Agriculture productivity in India, growth in average yields from 1970 to 2010</CAPTION>
<TBODY><TR>
<TH>Crop<SUP id="cite_ref-rbi1_18-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-rbi1-18">[18]</A></SUP></TH>
<TH>Average YIELD, 1970-1971</TH>
<TH>Average YIELD, 1990-1991</TH>
<TH>Average YIELD, 2010–2011</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
<TD>kilogram per hectare</TD>
<TD>kilogram per hectare</TD>
<TD>kilogram per hectare<SUP id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-67">[67]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Rice</TD>
<TD>1123</TD>
<TD>1740</TD>
<TD>2240</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Wheat</TD>
<TD>1307</TD>
<TD>2281</TD>
<TD>2938</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Pulses</TD>
<TD>524</TD>
<TD>578</TD>
<TD>689</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Oilseeds</TD>
<TD>579</TD>
<TD>771</TD>
<TD>1325</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Sugarcane</TD>
<TD>48322</TD>
<TD>65395</TD>
<TD>68596</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Tea</TD>
<TD>1182</TD>
<TD>1652</TD>
<TD>1669</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Cotton</TD>
<TD>106</TD>
<TD>225</TD>
<TD>510</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
<P>India and China are competing to establish the world record on rice yields. Yuan Longping of China National Hybrid Rice Research and Development Centre set a world record for rice yield in 2010 at 19 tonnes per hectare in a demonstration plot. In 2011, this record was surpassed by an Indian farmer, Sumant Kumar, with 22.4 tonnes per hectare in Bihar, also in a demonstration plot. These farmers claim to have employed newly developed rice breeds and system of rice intensification (SRI), a recent innovation in farming. The claimed Chinese and Indian yields have yet to be demonstrated on 7 hectare farm lots and that these are reproducible over two consecutive years on the same farm.<SUP id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-68">[68]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-69">[69]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-70">[70]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-71">[71]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Horticulture">Horticulture</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_India&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Horticulture">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<P>The total production and economic value of horticultural produce, such as fruits, vegetables and nuts has doubled in India over the 10-year period from 2002 to 2012. In 2012, the production from horticulture exceeded grain output for the first time. The total horticulture produce reached 277.4 million metric tonnes in 2013, making India the second largest producer of horticultural products after China.<SUP id="cite_ref-lmhort_72-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-lmhort-72">[72]</A></SUP> Of this, India in 2013 produced 81 million tonnes of fruits, 162 million tonnes of vegetables, 5.7 million tonnes of spices, 17 million tonnes of nuts and plantation products (cashew, cacao, coconut, etc.), 1 million tonnes of aromatic horticulture produce and 1.7 million tonnes of flowers (7.6 billion cut flowers).<SUP id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-73">[73]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-74">[74]</A></SUP></P>
<TABLE class="wikitable sortable jquery-tablesorter">
<CAPTION>Horticultural productivity in India, 2013</CAPTION>
<THEAD><TR>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Country<SUP id="cite_ref-hp2013_75-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-hp2013-75">[75]</A></SUP></TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Area under fruits production<BR />
(million hectares)<SUP id="cite_ref-hp2013_75-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-hp2013-75">[75]</A></SUP></TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Average Fruits Yield<BR />
(Metric tonnes per hectare)<SUP id="cite_ref-hp2013_75-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-hp2013-75">[75]</A></SUP></TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Area under vegetable production<BR />
(million hectares)<SUP id="cite_ref-hp2013_75-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-hp2013-75">[75]</A></SUP></TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Average Vegetable Yield<BR />
(Metric tonnes per hectare)<SUP id="cite_ref-hp2013_75-4" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-hp2013-75">[75]</A></SUP></TH>
</TR></THEAD><TBODY>
<TR>
<TD><SPAN class="flagicon"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /> </SPAN><A href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</A></TD>
<TD>7.0</TD>
<TD>11.6</TD>
<TD>9.2</TD>
<TD>52.36</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><SPAN class="flagicon"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </SPAN><A href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</A></TD>
<TD>11.8</TD>
<TD>11.6</TD>
<TD>24.6</TD>
<TD>23.4</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><SPAN class="flagicon"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> </SPAN><A href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</A></TD>
<TD>1.54</TD>
<TD>9.1</TD>
<TD>0.32</TD>
<TD>39.3</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><SPAN class="flagicon"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> </SPAN><A href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</A></TD>
<TD>1.14</TD>
<TD>23.3</TD>
<TD>1.1</TD>
<TD>32.5</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>World</TD>
<TD>57.3</TD>
<TD>11.3</TD>
<TD>60.0</TD>
<TD>19.7</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY><TFOOT></TFOOT></TABLE>
<P>During the 2013 fiscal year, India exported horticulture products worth <SPAN class="nowrap"><SPAN style="white-space: nowrap">₹</SPAN>14,365 crore</SPAN> (US$2.3 billion), nearly double the value of its 2010 exports.<SUP id="cite_ref-lmhort_72-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-lmhort-72">[72]</A></SUP> Along with these farm-level gains, the losses between farm and consumer increased and are estimated to range between 51 and 82 million metric tonnes a year.</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Organic_Agriculture">Organic Agriculture</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_India&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Organic Agriculture">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<P>Organic agriculture has fed <A href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</A> for centuries and it is again a growing sector in India. Organic production offers clean and green production methods without the use of synthetic <A href="/wiki/Fertilisers" class="mw-redirect" title="Fertilisers">fertilisers</A> and <A href="/wiki/Pesticides" class="mw-redirect" title="Pesticides">pesticides</A> and it achieves a premium price in the market place. India has 6,50,000 organic producers, which is more that any other country.<SUP id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-76">[76]</A></SUP> India also has 4 million hectares of land certified as organic wildculture, which is third in the world (after <A href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</A> and <A href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</A>).<SUP id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-77">[77]</A></SUP></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Problems">Problems</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_India&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Problems">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Market_rural-India_-Tamilword22.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Market_rural-India_-Tamilword22.jpg/220px-Market_rural-India_-Tamilword22.jpg" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Market_rural-India_-Tamilword22.jpg/330px-Market_rural-India_-Tamilword22.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Market_rural-India_-Tamilword22.jpg/440px-Market_rural-India_-Tamilword22.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Market_rural-India_-Tamilword22.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
A rural market in India — farmers with limited marketing options sell their surplus produce</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Subzi_Mandi,_Shivpuri1.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Subzi_Mandi%2C_Shivpuri1.jpg/220px-Subzi_Mandi%2C_Shivpuri1.jpg" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Subzi_Mandi%2C_Shivpuri1.jpg/330px-Subzi_Mandi%2C_Shivpuri1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Subzi_Mandi%2C_Shivpuri1.jpg/440px-Subzi_Mandi%2C_Shivpuri1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Subzi_Mandi,_Shivpuri1.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
India lacks cold storage, food packaging as well as safe and efficient rural transport system. This causes one of the world's highest food spoilage rates, particularly during monsoons and other adverse weather conditions. Food travels to the Indian consumer through a slow and inefficient chain of traders. Consumers buy agricultural produce in suburban markets known as 'sabzi mandi' such as one shown or from roadside vendors.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Ploughing_with_cattle_in_West_Bengal.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Ploughing_with_cattle_in_West_Bengal.jpg/220px-Ploughing_with_cattle_in_West_Bengal.jpg" width="220" height="140" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Ploughing_with_cattle_in_West_Bengal.jpg/330px-Ploughing_with_cattle_in_West_Bengal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Ploughing_with_cattle_in_West_Bengal.jpg/440px-Ploughing_with_cattle_in_West_Bengal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4110" data-file-height="2621" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Ploughing_with_cattle_in_West_Bengal.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
Indian agriculture includes a mix of traditional to modern farming techniques. In some parts of India, traditional use of cattle to plough remains in use. Traditional farms have some of the lowest per capita productivities and farmer incomes.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Agriculture_in_India_tractor_farming_Punjab_preparing_field_for_a_wheat_crop_without_burning_previous_crop_stalk.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Agriculture_in_India_tractor_farming_Punjab_preparing_field_for_a_wheat_crop_without_burning_previous_crop_stalk.jpg/220px-Agriculture_in_India_tractor_farming_Punjab_preparing_field_for_a_wheat_crop_without_burning_previous_crop_stalk.jpg" width="220" height="146" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Agriculture_in_India_tractor_farming_Punjab_preparing_field_for_a_wheat_crop_without_burning_previous_crop_stalk.jpg/330px-Agriculture_in_India_tractor_farming_Punjab_preparing_field_for_a_wheat_crop_without_burning_previous_crop_stalk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Agriculture_in_India_tractor_farming_Punjab_preparing_field_for_a_wheat_crop_without_burning_previous_crop_stalk.jpg/440px-Agriculture_in_India_tractor_farming_Punjab_preparing_field_for_a_wheat_crop_without_burning_previous_crop_stalk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="848" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Agriculture_in_India_tractor_farming_Punjab_preparing_field_for_a_wheat_crop_without_burning_previous_crop_stalk.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
Since 2002, India has become the world's largest manufacturer of <A href="/wiki/Tractor" title="Tractor">tractors</A> with 29% of world's output in 2013; it is also the world's largest tractor market.<SUP id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-78">[78]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-79">[79]</A></SUP> Above a tractor in use in north India.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE class="templatequote">
<P>"Slow agricultural growth is a concern for policymakers as some two-thirds of India's people depend on rural employment for a living. Current agricultural practices are neither economically nor environmentally sustainable and India's yields for many agricultural commodities are low. Poorly maintained irrigation systems and almost universal lack of good extension services are among the factors responsible. Farmers' access to markets is hampered by poor roads, rudimentary market infrastructure, and excessive regulation."</P>
<DIV class="templatequotecite">— <CITE>World Bank: "India Country Overview 2008"<SUP id="cite_ref-wboverview_80-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-wboverview-80">[80]</A></SUP></CITE></DIV>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE class="templatequote">
<P>"With a population of just over 1.2 billion, India is the world's largest democracy. In the past decade, the country has witnessed accelerated economic growth, emerged as a global player with the world's fourth largest economy in purchasing power parity terms, and made progress towards achieving most of the Millennium Development Goals. India's integration into the global economy has been accompanied by impressive economic growth that has brought significant economic and social benefits to the country. Nevertheless, disparities in income and human development are on the rise. Preliminary estimates suggest that in 2009-10 the combined all India poverty rate was 32 % compared to 37 % in 2004-05. Going forward, it will be essential for India to build a productive, competitive, and diversified agricultural sector and facilitate rural, non-farm entrepreneurship and employment. Encouraging policies that promote competition in agricultural marketing will ensure that farmers receive better prices."</P>
<DIV class="templatequotecite">— <CITE>World Bank: "India Country Overview 2011"<SUP id="cite_ref-wboverview2_12-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-wboverview2-12">[12]</A></SUP></CITE></DIV>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>A 2003 analysis of India's agricultural growth from 1970 to 2001 by the <A href="/wiki/Food_and_Agriculture_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Food and Agriculture Organisation">Food and Agriculture Organisation</A> identified systemic problems in Indian agriculture. For food staples, the annual growth rate in production during the six-year segments 1970-76, 1976–82, 1982–88, 1988–1994, 1994-2000 were found to be respectively 2.5, 2.5, 3.0, 2.6, and 1.8% per annum. Corresponding analyses for the index of total agricultural production show a similar pattern, with the growth rate for 1994-2000 attaining only 1.5% per annum.<SUP id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-81">[81]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_India&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Infrastructure">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<P>India has very poor rural roads affecting timely supply of inputs and timely transfer of outputs from Indian farms. Irrigation systems are inadequate, leading to crop failures in some parts of the country because of lack of water. In other areas regional floods, poor seed quality and inefficient farming practices, lack of cold storage and harvest spoilage cause over 30% of farmer's produce going to waste, lack of <A href="/wiki/Retailing_in_India" title="Retailing in India">organised retail</A> and competing buyers thereby limiting Indian farmer's ability to sell the surplus and commercial crops.</P>
<P>The Indian farmer receives just 10% to 23% of the price the Indian consumer pays for exactly the same produce, the difference going to losses, inefficiencies and middlemen. Farmers in developed economies of Europe and the United States receive 64% to 81%.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2013)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Productivity">Productivity</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_India&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Productivity">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<P>Although India has attained self-sufficiency in food staples, the productivity of its farms is below that of Brazil, the United States, France and other nations. Indian <A href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">wheat</A> farms, for example, produce about a third of the wheat per hectare per year compared to farms in France. Rice productivity in India was less than half that of China. Other staples productivity in India is similarly low. Indian <A href="/wiki/Total_factor_productivity" title="Total factor productivity">total factor productivity</A> growth remains below 2% per annum; in contrast, China's total factor productivity growths is about 6% per annum, even though China also has smallholding farmers. Several studies suggest India could eradicate its hunger and malnutrition and be a major source of food for the world by achieving productivity comparable with other countries.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2013)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<P>By contrast, Indian farms in some regions post the best yields, for sugarcane, cassava and tea crops.<SUP id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-82">[82]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Crop yields vary significantly between Indian states. Some states produce two to three times more grain per acre than others. The table compares the statewide average yields for a few major agricultural crops in India, for 2001-2002.<SUP id="cite_ref-ap1_83-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ap1-83">[83]</A></SUP></P>
<TABLE class="wikitable">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH>Crop<SUP id="cite_ref-ap1_83-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ap1-83">[83]</A></SUP></TH>
<TH>Average farm yield in Bihar</TH>
<TH>Average farm yield in Karnataka</TH>
<TH>Average farm yield in Punjab</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
<TD>kilogram per hectare</TD>
<TD>kilogram per hectare</TD>
<TD>kilogram per hectare</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Wheat</TD>
<TD>2020</TD>
<TD>unknown</TD>
<TD>3880</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Rice</TD>
<TD>1370</TD>
<TD>2380</TD>
<TD>3130</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Pulses</TD>
<TD>610</TD>
<TD>470</TD>
<TD>820</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Oil seeds</TD>
<TD>620</TD>
<TD>680</TD>
<TD>1200</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Sugarcane</TD>
<TD>45510</TD>
<TD>79560</TD>
<TD>65300</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
<P>Crop yields for some farms in India are within 90% of the best achieved yields by farms in developed countries such as the United States and in European Union. No single state of India is best in every crop. Tamil Nadu achieved highest yields in rice and sugarcane, <A href="/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana">Haryana</A> in wheat and coarse grains, Karnataka in cotton, Bihar in pulses, while other states do well in horticulture, aquaculture, flower and fruit plantations. These differences in agricultural productivity are a function of local infrastructure, soil quality, micro-climates, local resources, farmer knowledge and innovations.<SUP id="cite_ref-ap1_83-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ap1-83">[83]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The Indian food distribution system is highly inefficient. Movement of agricultural produce is heavily regulated, with inter-state and even inter-district restrictions on marketing and movement of agricultural goods.<SUP id="cite_ref-ap1_83-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ap1-83">[83]</A></SUP></P>
<P>One study suggests Indian agricultural policy should best focus on improving rural infrastructure primarily in the form of irrigation and flood control infrastructure, knowledge transfer of better yielding and more disease resistant seeds. Additionally, cold storage, hygienic food packaging and efficient modern retail to reduce waste can improve output and rural incomes.<SUP id="cite_ref-ap1_83-4" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ap1-83">[83]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The low productivity in India is a result of the following factors:</P>
<UL>
<LI>The average size of land holdings is very small (less than 2 hectares) and is subject to fragmentation due to land ceiling acts, and in some cases, family disputes. Such small holdings are often over-manned, resulting in disguised unemployment and low productivity of labour. Some reports claim smallholder farming may not be cause of poor productivity, since the productivity is higher in China and many developing economies even though China smallholder farmers constitute over 97% of its farming population.<SUP id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-84">[84]</A></SUP> A Chinese smallholder farmer is able to rent his land to larger farmers, China's organised retail and extensive Chinese highways are able to provide the incentive and infrastructure necessary to its farmers for sharp increases in farm productivity.</LI>
<LI>Adoption of modern agricultural practices and use of <A href="/wiki/Agricultural_machinery" title="Agricultural machinery">technology</A> is inadequate, hampered by ignorance of such practices, high costs and impracticality in the case of small land holdings.</LI>
<LI>According to the <A href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</A>, Indian branch's <I>Priorities for Agriculture and Rural Development</I>, India's large <A href="/wiki/Agricultural_subsidies" class="mw-redirect" title="Agricultural subsidies">agricultural subsidies</A> are hampering productivity-enhancing investment. Overregulation of agriculture has increased costs, price risks and uncertainty. Government intervenes in labour, land, and credit markets. India has inadequate infrastructure and services.<SUP id="cite_ref-agriculturepriorities_85-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-agriculturepriorities-85">[85]</A></SUP> The World Bank also says that the allocation of water is inefficient, unsustainable and inequitable. The <A href="/wiki/Irrigation" title="Irrigation">irrigation</A> infrastructure is deteriorating.<SUP id="cite_ref-agriculturepriorities_85-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-agriculturepriorities-85">[85]</A></SUP> The overuse of water is being covered by over-pumping aquifers but, as these are falling by one foot of groundwater each year, this is a limited resource.<SUP id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-86">[86]</A></SUP> The <A href="/wiki/Intergovernmental_Panel_on_Climate_Change" title="Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change">Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change</A> released a report that food security may be a big problem in the region post 2030.<SUP id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-87">[87]</A></SUP></LI>
<LI>Illiteracy, general socio-economic backwardness, slow progress in implementing land reforms and inadequate or inefficient finance and marketing services for farm produce.</LI>
<LI>Inconsistent government policy. Agricultural subsidies and taxes are often changed without notice for short term political ends.</LI>
<LI>Irrigation facilities are inadequate, as revealed by the fact that only 52.6% of the land was irrigated in 2003–04,<SUP id="cite_ref-agri_88-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-agri-88">[88]</A></SUP> which result in farmers still being dependent on rainfall, specifically the <A href="/wiki/Monsoon" title="Monsoon">monsoon</A> season. A good monsoon results in a robust growth for the economy, while a poor monsoon leads to a sluggish growth.<SUP id="cite_ref-schand-ind.eco-3_89-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-schand-ind.eco-3-89">[89]</A></SUP> Farm credit is regulated by <A href="/wiki/NABARD" class="mw-redirect" title="NABARD">NABARD</A>, which is the statutory apex agent for rural development in the subcontinent. At the same time, over-pumping made possible by subsidised electric power is leading to an alarming drop in aquifer levels.<SUP id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-90">[90]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-91">[91]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-92">[92]</A></SUP></LI>
<LI>A third of all food that is produced rots due to inefficient supply chains and the use of the "<A href="/wiki/Walmarting" title="Walmarting">Walmart model</A>" to improve efficiency is blocked by laws against foreign investment in the retail sector.<SUP id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-93">[93]</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Farmer_suicides">Farmer suicides</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_India&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Farmer suicides">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Farmers%27_suicides_in_India" title="Farmers' suicides in India">Farmers' suicides in India</A></DIV>
<P>In 2012, the <A href="/wiki/National_Crime_Records_Bureau" title="National Crime Records Bureau">National Crime Records Bureau</A> of India reported 13,754 farmer suicides.<SUP id="cite_ref-ncrb2012_94-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ncrb2012-94">[94]</A></SUP> Farmer suicides account for 11.2% of all suicides in India.<SUP id="cite_ref-ncrb2012_94-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ncrb2012-94">[94]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-Nagraj_95-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Nagraj-95">[95]</A></SUP> Activists and scholars have offered a number of conflicting reasons for farmer suicides, such as monsoon failure, high debt burdens, <A href="/wiki/Genetically_modified_crops" title="Genetically modified crops">genetically modified crops</A>, government policies, public mental health, personal issues and family problems.<SUP id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-96">[96]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-97">[97]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-98">[98]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Diversion_of_agricultural_land_for_non_agricultural_purpose">Diversion of agricultural land for non agricultural purpose</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_India&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Diversion of agricultural land for non agricultural purpose">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<P>Indian National Policy for Farmers of 2007<SUP id="cite_ref-policy2007_99-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-policy2007-99">[99]</A></SUP> stated that "prime farmland must be conserved for agriculture except under exceptional circumstances, provided that the agencies that are provided with agricultural land for non-agricultural projects should compensate for treatment and full development of equivalent degraded or wastelands elsewhere". The policy suggested that, as far as possible, land with low farming yields or that was not farmable should be earmarked for non-agricultural purposes such as construction, industrial parks and other commercial development.<SUP id="cite_ref-policy2007_99-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-policy2007-99">[99]</A></SUP></P>
<P><A href="/wiki/Amartya_Sen" title="Amartya Sen">Amartya Sen</A> offered a counter viewpoint, stating that "prohibiting the use of agricultural land for commercial and industrial development is ultimately self-defeating."<SUP id="cite_ref-telegraphindia.com_100-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-telegraphindia.com-100">[100]</A></SUP> He stated that agricultural land may be better suited for non-agriculture purposes if industrial production could generate many times more than the value of the product produced by agriculture.<SUP id="cite_ref-telegraphindia.com_100-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-telegraphindia.com-100">[100]</A></SUP> Sen suggested India needed to bring productive industry everywhere, wherever there are advantages of production, market needs and the locational preferences of managers, engineers, technical experts as well as unskilled labour because of education, healthcare and other infrastructure. He stated that instead of government controlling land allocation based on soil characteristics, the market economy should determine productive allocation of land.<SUP id="cite_ref-telegraphindia.com_100-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-telegraphindia.com-100">[100]</A></SUP></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Initiatives">Initiatives</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_India&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Initiatives">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<DIV class="thumb tmulti tleft">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:184px;max-width:184px">
<DIV class="tsingle" style="margin:1px;width:182px;max-width:182px">
<DIV class="thumbimage"><A href="/wiki/File:Barrels_outside_Chateau_Indage_Vineyards,_Narayangaon_-_Pune,_Mah..jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Barrels_outside_Chateau_Indage_Vineyards%2C_Narayangaon_-_Pune%2C_Mah..jpg/180px-Barrels_outside_Chateau_Indage_Vineyards%2C_Narayangaon_-_Pune%2C_Mah..jpg" width="180" height="135" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Barrels_outside_Chateau_Indage_Vineyards%2C_Narayangaon_-_Pune%2C_Mah..jpg/270px-Barrels_outside_Chateau_Indage_Vineyards%2C_Narayangaon_-_Pune%2C_Mah..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Barrels_outside_Chateau_Indage_Vineyards%2C_Narayangaon_-_Pune%2C_Mah..jpg/360px-Barrels_outside_Chateau_Indage_Vineyards%2C_Narayangaon_-_Pune%2C_Mah..jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></A></DIV>
<DIV class="thumbcaption" style="clear:left">Viticulture farms in <A href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</A>.</DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="tsingle" style="margin:1px;width:182px;max-width:182px">
<DIV class="thumbimage"><A href="/wiki/File:Ooty_Coffee_Plantation.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Ooty_Coffee_Plantation.jpg/180px-Ooty_Coffee_Plantation.jpg" width="180" height="135" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Ooty_Coffee_Plantation.jpg/270px-Ooty_Coffee_Plantation.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Ooty_Coffee_Plantation.jpg/360px-Ooty_Coffee_Plantation.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></A></DIV>
<DIV class="thumbcaption" style="clear:left">Coffee farms in <A href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</A>.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<P>The required level of investment for the development of marketing, storage and cold storage infrastructure is estimated to be huge. The government has not been able to implement schemes to raise investment in marketing infrastructure. Among these schemes are 'Construction of Rural Godowns', 'Market Research and Information Network', and 'Development / Strengthening of <A href="/wiki/Agricultural_Marketing" class="mw-redirect" title="Agricultural Marketing">Agricultural Marketing</A> Infrastructure, Grading and Standardisation'.<SUP id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-101">[101]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The <A href="/wiki/Indian_Council_of_Agricultural_Research" title="Indian Council of Agricultural Research">Indian Council of Agricultural Research</A> (ICAR), established in 1905, was responsible for the search leading to the "<A href="/wiki/Indian_Green_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Green Revolution">Indian Green Revolution</A>" of the 1970s. The ICAR is the apex body in agriculture and related allied fields, including research and education.<SUP id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-102">[102]</A></SUP> The Union Minister of Agriculture is the president of the ICAR. The <A href="/wiki/Indian_Agricultural_Statistics_Research_Institute" title="Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute">Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute</A> develops new techniques for the design of agricultural experiments, analyses data in agriculture, and specialises in statistical techniques for animal and plant breeding.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2016)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<P>Recently<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><SPAN title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (May 2016)">when?</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP> the government of India has set up the Farmers Commission to completely evaluate the agriculture programme.<SUP id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-103">[103]</A></SUP> Its recommendations have had a mixed reception.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2016)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<P>In November 2011, India announced major reforms in <A href="/wiki/Retailing_in_India" title="Retailing in India">organised retail</A>. These reforms would include logistics and retail of agricultural produce. The announcement led to major political controversy. The reforms were placed on hold by the government in December 2011.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2016)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<P>In the summer of 2012, the subsidised electricity for pumping, which has caused an alarming drop in aquifer levels, put additional strain on the country's electrical grid due to a 19% drop in monsoon rains and may have contributed to a blackout across much of the country. In response the state of <A href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</A> offered farmers over $100 million in subsidised diesel to operate their pumps.<SUP id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-104">[104]</A></SUP></P>
<P>In 2015, <A href="/wiki/Narendra_Modi" title="Narendra Modi">Narendra Modi</A> announced to double farmer's income by 2022.<SUP id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-105">[105]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Startups with niche technology and new business models are working to solve problems in Indian agriculture and its marketing.<SUP id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-106">[106]</A></SUP> Kandawale is one of such e-commerce website which sells Indian Red Onions to bulk users direct from farmers, reducing unnecessary cost escalations.</P>
<DIV style="clear:both;"></DIV>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Maps">Maps</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_India&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Maps">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
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<DIV style="width: 285px">
<DIV class="thumb" style="width: 280px;">
<DIV style="margin:15px auto;"><A href="/wiki/File:Minor_crops_of_India.png" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Minor_crops_of_India.png/103px-Minor_crops_of_India.png" width="103" height="120" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Minor_crops_of_India.png/154px-Minor_crops_of_India.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Minor_crops_of_India.png/206px-Minor_crops_of_India.png 2x" data-file-width="1486" data-file-height="1734" /></A></DIV>
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<DIV class="gallerytext">
<P>Minor crop Areas in India: <B>P</B> <A href="/wiki/Pulses" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulses">pulses</A>, <B>S</B> <A href="/wiki/Sugarcane" title="Sugarcane">sugarcane</A>, <B>J</B> <A href="/wiki/Jute" title="Jute">jute</A>, <B>Cn</B> <A href="/wiki/Coconut" title="Coconut">coconut</A>, <B>C</B> <A href="/wiki/Cotton" title="Cotton">cotton</A>, and <B>T</B> <A href="/wiki/Tea" title="Tea">tea</A></P>
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<DIV style="width: 285px">
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<DIV style="margin:15px auto;"><A href="/wiki/File:India_Natural_vegetation.svg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/India_Natural_vegetation.svg/103px-India_Natural_vegetation.svg.png" width="103" height="120" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/India_Natural_vegetation.svg/154px-India_Natural_vegetation.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/India_Natural_vegetation.svg/206px-India_Natural_vegetation.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1486" data-file-height="1734" /></A></DIV>
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<DIV class="gallerytext">
<P>Natural vegetation zones in India</P>
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<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Bibliography">Bibliography</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_India&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
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<LI><CITE class="citation book">George A. Grierson (1885). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/cu31924072688025#page/n7/mode/2up"><I>Bihar Peasant Life</I></A>. Bengal Secretariat Press, Calcutta.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bihar+Peasant+Life&rft.pub=Bengal+Secretariat+Press%2C+Calcutta&rft.date=1885&rft.au=George+A.+Grierson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fcu31924072688025%23page%2Fn7%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
</UL>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="References">References</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_India&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<DIV class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;">
<OL class="references">
<LI id="cite_note-1"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-1"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pU6dCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA96">https://books.google.com/books?id=pU6dCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA96</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-2"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-2"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2013-08-30/news/41618996_1_gdp-foodgrains-allied-sectors">Agriculture's share in GDP declines to 13.7% in 2012-13</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-CIA-3"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-CIA_3-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/in.html">"CIA Factbook: India"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/CIA_Factbook" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA Factbook">CIA Factbook</A></I>. <A href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</A>. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080611033144/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/in.html">Archived</A> from the original on 11 June 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">2008-06-10</SPAN></SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CIA+Factbook&rft.atitle=CIA+Factbook%3A+India&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fgeos%2Fin.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-4"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-4"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Staff, India Brand Equity Foundation <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibef.org/exports/agriculture-and-Food.aspx">Agriculture and Food in India</A> Accessed 7 May 2013</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-usda2014-5"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-usda2014_5-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-usda2014_5-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-usda2014_5-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-usda2014_5-3"><SUP><I><B>d</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-usda2014_5-4"><SUP><I><B>e</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fas.usda.gov/data/india-s-agricultural-exports-climb-record-high">India's Agricultural Exports Climb to Record High</A>, United States Department of Agriculture (2014)</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-6"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-6"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.ibef.org/exports/agriculture-and-food-industry-india.aspx">http://www.ibef.org/exports/agriculture-and-food-industry-india.aspx</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-7"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-7"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.agriexam.com/?m=1">http://www.agriexam.com/?m=1</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-faostat.fao.org-8"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-faostat.fao.org_8-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-faostat.fao.org_8-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/default.aspx#ancor">"FAOSTAT, 2010 data"</A>. Faostat.fao.org<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">2011-09-17</SPAN></SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FAOSTAT%2C+2010+data&rft.pub=Faostat.fao.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffaostat.fao.org%2Fsite%2F567%2Fdefault.aspx%23ancor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-9"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-9"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/circulars/livestock_poultry.pdf">"Livestock and Poultry: World Markets & Trade"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. United States Department of Agriculture. October 2011.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Livestock+and+Poultry%3A+World+Markets+%26+Trade&rft.pub=United+States+Department+of+Agriculture&rft.date=2011-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fas.usda.gov%2Fpsdonline%2Fcirculars%2Flivestock_poultry.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-nytagriculture-10"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-nytagriculture_10-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news">Sengupta, Somini (22 June 2008). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/22/business/22indiafood.html?_r=1">"The Food Chain in Fertile India, Growth Outstrips Agriculture"</A>. New York Times<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">23 April</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Food+Chain+in+Fertile+India%2C+Growth+Outstrips+Agriculture&rft.date=2008-06-22&rft.aulast=Sengupta&rft.aufirst=Somini&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F06%2F22%2Fbusiness%2F22indiafood.html%3F_r%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-fao1a-11"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-fao1a_11-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-fao1a_11-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/009/ag087e/AG087E05.htm">"Rapid growth of select Asian economies"</A>. Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations. 2009.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rapid+growth+of+select+Asian+economies&rft.pub=Food+and+Agriculture+Organisation+of+the+United+Nations&rft.date=2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fao.org%2Fdocrep%2F009%2Fag087e%2FAG087E05.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-wboverview2-12"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-wboverview2_12-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-wboverview2_12-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldbank.org.in/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/SOUTHASIAEXT/INDIAEXTN/0,,contentMDK:20195738~menuPK:295591~pagePK:141137~piPK:141127~theSitePK:295584,00.html">"India Country Overview 2011"</A>. World Bank. 2011.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=India+Country+Overview+2011&rft.pub=World+Bank&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldbank.org.in%2FWBSITE%2FEXTERNAL%2FCOUNTRIES%2FSOUTHASIAEXT%2FINDIAEXTN%2F0%2C%2CcontentMDK%3A20195738~menuPK%3A295591~pagePK%3A141137~piPK%3A141127~theSitePK%3A295584%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-bloomberg1-13"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-bloomberg1_13-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-bloomberg1_13-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-09-08/india-allows-wheat-exports-for-the-first-time-in-four-years-1-.html">"India Allows Wheat Exports for the First Time in Four Years"</A>. Bloomberg L.P. 8 September 2011.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=India+Allows+Wheat+Exports+for+the+First+Time+in+Four+Years&rft.pub=Bloomberg+L.P.&rft.date=2011-09-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2F2011-09-08%2Findia-allows-wheat-exports-for-the-first-time-in-four-years-1-.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-14"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-14"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.japanreview.net/essays_fish_and_rice.htm">"Fish and Rice in the Japanese Diet"</A>. Japan Review. 2006.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fish+and+Rice+in+the+Japanese+Diet&rft.pub=Japan+Review&rft.date=2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.japanreview.net%2Fessays_fish_and_rice.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-15"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-15"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/013/i1820e/i1820e.pdf">"The state of world fisheries and aquaculture, 2010"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. FAO of the United Nations. 2010.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+state+of+world+fisheries+and+aquaculture%2C+2010&rft.pub=FAO+of+the+United+Nations&rft.date=2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fao.org%2Fdocrep%2F013%2Fi1820e%2Fi1820e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-16"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-16"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130701054320/http://www.cift.res.in/innercontent.php?contentid=MTgw">"Export of marine products from India (see statistics section)"</A>. Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, India. 2008. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cift.res.in/innercontent.php?contentid=MTgw">the original</A> on 1 July 2013.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Export+of+marine+products+from+India+%28see+statistics+section%29&rft.pub=Central+Institute+of+Fisheries+Technology%2C+India&rft.date=2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cift.res.in%2Finnercontent.php%3Fcontentid%3DMTgw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-17"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-17"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/fishery/countrysector/FI-CP_IN/3/en">"Fishery and Aquaculture Country Profiles: India"</A>. Food and Africulture Organisation of the United Nations. 2011.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fishery+and+Aquaculture+Country+Profiles%3A+India&rft.pub=Food+and+Africulture+Organisation+of+the+United+Nations&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fao.org%2Ffishery%2Fcountrysector%2FFI-CP_IN%2F3%2Fen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-rbi1-18"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-rbi1_18-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-rbi1_18-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-rbi1_18-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rbi.org.in/scripts/AnnualPublications.aspx?head=Handbook%20of%20Statistics%20on%20Indian%20Economy">"Handbook of Statistics on Indian Economy"</A>. Reserve Bank of India: India's Central Bank. 2011.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+Statistics+on+Indian+Economy&rft.pub=Reserve+Bank+of+India%3A+India%27s+Central+Bank&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rbi.org.in%2Fscripts%2FAnnualPublications.aspx%3Fhead%3DHandbook%2520of%2520Statistics%2520on%2520Indian%2520Economy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-OSU2009-19"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-OSU2009_19-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150610121002/http://www.nue.okstate.edu/Crop_Information/World_Wheat_Production.htm">"World Wheat, Corn and Rice"</A>. Oklahoma State University, FAOSTAT. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nue.okstate.edu/crop_information/world_wheat_production.htm">the original</A> on 10 June 2015.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Wheat%2C+Corn+and+Rice&rft.pub=Oklahoma+State+University%2C+FAOSTAT&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnue.okstate.edu%2Fcrop_information%2Fworld_wheat_production.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Econ312-20"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Econ312_20-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/node/21541017">"Indian retail: The supermarket's last frontier"</A>. The Economist. 3 December 2011.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Indian+retail%3A+The+supermarket%27s+last+frontier&rft.date=2011-12-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnode%2F21541017&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-21"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-21"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Sinha, R.K. (2010). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nsai.co.in/Publication/exec/frmAllPublication.aspx?cID=Presentations">"Emerging Trends, Challenges and Opportunities presentation, on publications page, see slides 7 through 21"</A>. National Seed Association of India.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Emerging+Trends%2C+Challenges+and+Opportunities+presentation%2C+on+publications+page%2C+see+slides+7+through+21&rft.pub=National+Seed+Association+of+India&rft.date=2010&rft.au=Sinha%2C+R.K.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nsai.co.in%2FPublication%2Fexec%2FfrmAllPublication.aspx%3FcID%3DPresentations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-pbs7-22"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-pbs7_22-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/thestoryofindia/gallery/photos/7.html">"The Story of India: a PBS documentary"</A>. Public Broadcasting Service, United States.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Story+of+India%3A+a+PBS+documentary&rft.pub=Public+Broadcasting+Service%2C+United+States&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fthestoryofindia%2Fgallery%2Fphotos%2F7.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-23"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-23"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Fuller; Korisettar, Ravi; Venkatasubbaiah, P.C.; Jones, Martink.; et al. (2004). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ucl.ac.uk/archaeology/people/staff/fuller/usercontent_profile/vha.pdf">"Early plant domestications in southern India: some preliminary archaeobotanical results"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. <I>Vegetation History and Archaeobotany</I>. <B>13</B> (2): 115–129. <A href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</A>:<A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00334-004-0036-9">10.1007/s00334-004-0036-9</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vegetation+History+and+Archaeobotany&rft.atitle=Early+plant+domestications+in+southern+India%3A+some+preliminary+archaeobotanical+results&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=115-129&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs00334-004-0036-9&rft.au=Fuller&rft.au=Korisettar%2C+Ravi&rft.au=Venkatasubbaiah%2C+P.C.&rft.au=Jones%2C+Martink.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%2Farchaeology%2Fpeople%2Fstaff%2Ffuller%2Fusercontent_profile%2Fvha.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-24"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-24"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Tamboli and Nene. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.agri-history.org/Science%20in%20India%20with%20Special%20Reference%20to%20Agriculture.pdf">"Science in India with Special Reference to Agriculture"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. Agri History.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Science+in+India+with+Special+Reference+to+Agriculture&rft.pub=Agri+History&rft.au=Tamboli+and+Nene&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.agri-history.org%2FScience%2520in%2520India%2520with%2520Special%2520Reference%2520to%2520Agriculture.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-gupta57-25"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-gupta57_25-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-gupta57_25-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Gupta, page 57</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-harrisandgosden385-26"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-harrisandgosden385_26-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Harris & Gosden, page 385</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-lal-27"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-lal_27-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Lal, R. (August 2001). "Thematic evolution of ISTRO: transition in scientific issues and research focus from 1955 to 2000". <I>Soil and Tillage Research</I>. <B>61</B> (1–2): 3–12 [3]. <A href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</A>:<A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//doi.org/10.1016%2FS0167-1987%2801%2900184-2">10.1016/S0167-1987(01)00184-2</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+and+Tillage+Research&rft.atitle=Thematic+evolution+of+ISTRO%3A+transition+in+scientific+issues+and+research+focus+from+1955+to+2000&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=1%E2%80%932&rft.pages=3-12+3&rft.date=2001-08&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0167-1987%2801%2900184-2&rft.aulast=Lal&rft.aufirst=R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-eb-agri-28"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-eb-agri_28-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-eb-agri_28-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><I>agriculture, history of</I>. Encyclopædia Britannica 2008.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-shaffer310-311-29"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-shaffer310-311_29-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Shaffer, pages 310-311</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Siddiqui-30"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Siddiqui_30-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Iqtidar Husain Siddiqui, "Water Works and Irrigation System in India during Pre-Mughal Times", <I>Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient</I>, Vol. 29, No. 1 (Feb., 1986), pp. 52–77.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-shaffer315-31"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-shaffer315_31-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Shaffer, page 315</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-palat63-32"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-palat63_32-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Palat, page 63</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-kumar182-33"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-kumar182_33-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Kumar, page 182</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-roy2006-34"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-roy2006_34-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Roy 2006</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-kumar2006-35"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-kumar2006_35-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Kumar 2006</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-36"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-36"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">George Rolph (1873). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/somethingaboutsu00rolprich"><I>Something about sugar: its history, growth, manufacture and distribution</I></A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Something+about+sugar%3A+its+history%2C+growth%2C+manufacture+and+distribution&rft.date=1873&rft.au=George+Rolph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsomethingaboutsu00rolprich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-agrisugar1-37"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-agrisugar1_37-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eastagri.org/publications/pub_docs/4_Sugar_web.pdf">"Agribusiness Handbook: Sugar beet white sugar"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. Food and Agriculture Organisation, United Nations. 2009.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Agribusiness+Handbook%3A+Sugar+beet+white+sugar&rft.pub=Food+and+Agriculture+Organisation%2C+United+Nations&rft.date=2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eastagri.org%2Fpublications%2Fpub_docs%2F4_Sugar_web.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-38"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-38"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131106015828/http://www.usaid.gov/locations/latin_america_caribbean/environment/docs/ag%26environ/Sugarcane.pdf">"Sugarcane: Saccharum Officinarum"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. USAID, Govt of United States. 2006. p. 7.1. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usaid.gov/locations/latin_america_caribbean/environment/docs/ag&environ/Sugarcane.pdf">the original</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN> on 6 November 2013.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sugarcane%3A+Saccharum+Officinarum&rft.pages=7.1&rft.pub=USAID%2C+Govt+of+United+States&rft.date=2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usaid.gov%2Flocations%2Flatin_america_caribbean%2Fenvironment%2Fdocs%2Fag%26environ%2FSugarcane.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-39"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-39"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Sidney Mintz (1986). <I>Sweetness and Power: The Place of Sugar in Modern History</I>. Penguin. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-009233-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-009233-2">978-0-14-009233-2</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sweetness+and+Power%3A+The+Place+of+Sugar+in+Modern+History&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=978-0-14-009233-2&rft.au=Sidney+Mintz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-40"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-40"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/records/research-guides/indian-indentured-labour.htm">"Indian indentured labourers"</A>. The National Archives, Government of the United Kingdom. 2010.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Indian+indentured+labourers&rft.pub=The+National+Archives%2C+Government+of+the+United+Kingdom&rft.date=2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalarchives.gov.uk%2Frecords%2Fresearch-guides%2Findian-indentured-labour.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-britain1-41"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-britain1_41-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/pathways/blackhistory/india/forced.htm">"Forced Labour"</A>. The National Archives, Government of the United Kingdom. 2010.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Forced+Labour&rft.pub=The+National+Archives%2C+Government+of+the+United+Kingdom&rft.date=2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalarchives.gov.uk%2Fpathways%2Fblackhistory%2Findia%2Fforced.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-42"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-42"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">K Laurence (1994). <I>A Question of Labour: Indentured Immigration Into Trinidad & British Guiana, 1875-1917</I>. St Martin's Press. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-12172-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-12172-3">978-0-312-12172-3</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Question+of+Labour%3A+Indentured+Immigration+Into+Trinidad+%26+British+Guiana%2C+1875-1917&rft.pub=St+Martin%27s+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-312-12172-3&rft.au=K+Laurence&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-43"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-43"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://repeatingislands.com/2009/05/07/st-lucia's-indian-arrival-day/">"St. Lucia's Indian Arrival Day"</A>. Caribbean Repeating Islands. 2009.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=St.+Lucia%27s+Indian+Arrival+Day&rft.pub=Caribbean+Repeating+Islands&rft.date=2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frepeatingislands.com%2F2009%2F05%2F07%2Fst-lucia%27s-indian-arrival-day%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-44"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-44"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Walton Lai (1993). <I>Indentured labor, Caribbean sugar: Chinese and Indian migrants to the British West Indies, 1838-1918</I>. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-7746-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-7746-9">978-0-8018-7746-9</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indentured+labor%2C+Caribbean+sugar%3A+Chinese+and+Indian+migrants+to+the+British+West+Indies%2C+1838-1918&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-8018-7746-9&rft.au=Walton+Lai&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-45"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-45"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Steven Vertovik (Robin Cohen, ed.) (1995). <I>The Cambridge survey of world migration</I>. pp. 57–68. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-44405-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-44405-7">978-0-521-44405-7</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+survey+of+world+migration&rft.pages=57-68&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-521-44405-7&rft.au=Steven+Vertovik+%28Robin+Cohen%2C+ed.%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-46"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-46"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation report"><A href="/wiki/Government_of_Punjab,_India" title="Government of Punjab, India">The Government of Punjab</A> (2004). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://planningcommission.nic.in/plans/stateplan/sdr_pdf/shdr_pun04.pdf">Human Development Report 2004, Punjab</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN> (Report). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110708073911/http://planningcommission.nic.in/plans/stateplan/sdr_pdf/shdr_pun04.pdf">Archived</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN> from the original on 8 July 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">9 August</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Human+Development+Report+2004%2C+Punjab&rft.date=2004&rft.au=The+Government+of+Punjab&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fplanningcommission.nic.in%2Fplans%2Fstateplan%2Fsdr_pdf%2Fshdr_pun04.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN> Section: "The Green Revolution", pp. 17–20.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-47"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-47"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dwr.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1&Itemid=116">"Brief history of wheat improvement in India"</A>. Directorate of Wheat Research, ICAR India. 2011.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Brief+history+of+wheat+improvement+in+India&rft.pub=Directorate+of+Wheat+Research%2C+ICAR+India&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dwr.in%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D1%26Itemid%3D116&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-48"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-48"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/agriculture/article623309.ece">"Sikkim to become a completely organic state by 2015"</A>. <I>The Hindu</I>. 9 September 2010. Retrieved 29 November 2012.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-49"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-49"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-05-07/global-warming/28288790_1_organic-farming-organic-agriculture-organic-manure">"Sikkim makes an organic shift"</A>. <I>Times of India</I>. 7 May 2010. Retrieved 29 November 2012.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-50"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-50"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2010/08/07/stories/2010080753371900.htm">"Sikkim ‘livelihood schools' to promote organic farming"</A>. <I>Hindu Business Line</I>. 6 August 2010. Retrieved 29 November 2012.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-51"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-51"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.telegraphindia.com/1111213/jsp/siliguri/story_14873566.jsp">"Sikkim races on organic route"</A>. <I>Telegraph India</I>. 12 December 2011. Retrieved 29 November 2012.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-52"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-52"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/state-to-switch-fully-to-organic-farming-by-2016-mohanan/article6517859.ece">http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/state-to-switch-fully-to-organic-farming-by-2016-mohanan/article6517859.ece</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-53"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-53"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/kochi/CM-Will-Get-Total-Organic-Farming-State-Tag-by-2016/2014/11/07/article2511534.ece">http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/kochi/CM-Will-Get-Total-Organic-Farming-State-Tag-by-2016/2014/11/07/article2511534.ece</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-ssground-54"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-ssground_54-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">S. Siebert et al. (2010), <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/013/al816e/al816e00.pdf">Groundwater use for irrigation – a global inventory</A>, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 14, pp. 1863–1880</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-55"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-55"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/irrigationmap/ind/IND-gmia.pdf">Global map of irrigated areas: India</A> FAO-United Nations and Bonn University, Germany (2013)</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-wbirrig-56"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-wbirrig_56-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/AG.LND.IRIG.AG.ZS/countries">Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land)</A> The World Bank (2013)</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-57"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-57"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/special-report/how-to-solve-the-problems-of-indias-rain-dependent-agricultural-land/articleshow/8845170.cms">Economic Times: <I>How to solve the problems of India's rain-dependent agricultural land</I></A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-58"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-58"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nwda.gov.in/">National Water Development Agency</A> Ministry of Water Resources, Govt of India (2014)</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-59"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-59"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/international-markets-trade/countries-regions/india/basic-information.aspx">"India: Basic Information"</A>. United States Department of Agriculture - Economic Research Service. August 2011.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=India%3A+Basic+Information&rft.pub=United+States+Department+of+Agriculture+-+Economic+Research+Service&rft.date=2011-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ers.usda.gov%2Ftopics%2Finternational-markets-trade%2Fcountries-regions%2Findia%2Fbasic-information.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-fao2011p-60"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-fao2011p_60-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130114151638/http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/DesktopDefault.aspx?PageID=567">"FAOSTAT: Production-Crops, 2010 data"</A>. Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations. 2011. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/DesktopDefault.aspx?PageID=567#ancor">the original</A> on 14 January 2013.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FAOSTAT%3A+Production-Crops%2C+2010+data&rft.pub=Food+and+Agriculture+Organisation+of+the+United+Nations&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffaostat.fao.org%2Fsite%2F567%2FDesktopDefault.aspx%3FPageID%3D567%23ancor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-61"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-61"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Adam Cagliarini and Anthony Rush (June 2011). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rba.gov.au/publications/bulletin/2011/jun/pdf/bu-0611-3.pdf">"Bulletin: Economic Development and Agriculture in India"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. Reserve Bank of Australia. pp. 15–22.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulletin%3A+Economic+Development+and+Agriculture+in+India&rft.pages=15-22&rft.pub=Reserve+Bank+of+Australia&rft.date=2011-06&rft.au=Adam+Cagliarini+and+Anthony+Rush&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rba.gov.au%2Fpublications%2Fbulletin%2F2011%2Fjun%2Fpdf%2Fbu-0611-3.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-62"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-62"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://faostat3.fao.org/browse/root_0/commodities_by_country/E">"Food and Agricultural commodities production / Commodities by country / India:"</A>. <A href="/wiki/FAOSTAT" class="mw-redirect" title="FAOSTAT">FAOSTAT</A>. 2013.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Food+and+Agricultural+commodities+production+%2F+Commodities+by+country+%2F+India%3A&rft.pub=FAOSTAT&rft.date=2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffaostat3.fao.org%2Fbrowse%2Froot_0%2Fcommodities_by_country%2FE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-63"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-63"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://faostat3.fao.org/browse/Q/QC/E">"Production / Crops / India"</A>. <A href="/wiki/FAOSTAT" class="mw-redirect" title="FAOSTAT">FAOSTAT</A>. 2014.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Production+%2F+Crops+%2F+India&rft.pub=FAOSTAT&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffaostat3.fao.org%2Fbrowse%2FQ%2FQC%2FE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-topy-64"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-topy_64-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-topy_64-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-topy_64-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-topy_64-3"><SUP><I><B>d</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-topy_64-4"><SUP><I><B>e</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-topy_64-5"><SUP><I><B>f</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-topy_64-6"><SUP><I><B>g</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-topy_64-7"><SUP><I><B>h</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Tonnes per livestock animal</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-fao2009-65"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-fao2009_65-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-fao2009_65-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-fao2009_65-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://faostat.fao.org/DesktopDefault.aspx?PageID=339&lang=en&country=100">"Country Rank in the World, by commodity"</A>. Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations. 2011.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Country+Rank+in+the+World%2C+by+commodity&rft.pub=Food+and+Agriculture+Organisation+of+the+United+Nations&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffaostat.fao.org%2FDesktopDefault.aspx%3FPageID%3D339%26lang%3Den%26country%3D100&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-66"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-66"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">These are food and agriculture classification groups. For definition with list of botanical species covered under each classification, consult FAOSTAT of the United Nations; Link: <A rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://faostat.fao.org/site/384/default.aspx">http://faostat.fao.org/site/384/default.aspx</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-67"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-67"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Data checks suggest there is difference between FAO's statistics office and Reserve Bank of India estimates; these differences are small and may be because of the fiscal year start months.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-68"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-68"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">L.P. Yuan (2010). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111120010557/http://ciifad.cornell.edu/sri/proc1/sri_06.pdf">"A Scientist's Perspective on Experience with SRI in CHINA for Raising the Yields of Super Hybrid Rice"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ciifad.cornell.edu/sri/proc1/sri_06.pdf">the original</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN> on 20 November 2011.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Scientist%27s+Perspective+on+Experience+with+SRI+in+CHINA+for+Raising+the+Yields+of+Super+Hybrid+Rice&rft.date=2010&rft.au=L.P.+Yuan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fciifad.cornell.edu%2Fsri%2Fproc1%2Fsri_06.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-69"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-69"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleId=759471">"Indian farmer sets new world record in rice yield"</A>. The Philippine Star. 18 December 2011.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Indian+farmer+sets+new+world+record+in+rice+yield&rft.pub=The+Philippine+Star&rft.date=2011-12-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2FArticle.aspx%3FarticleId%3D759471&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-70"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-70"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/grassroots-heroes-lead-rural-revolution-of-bihar/1/168028.html">"Grassroots heroes lead Bihar's rural revolution"</A>. India Today. 10 January 2012.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grassroots+heroes+lead+Bihar%27s+rural+revolution&rft.pub=India+Today&rft.date=2012-01-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Findiatoday.intoday.in%2Fstory%2Fgrassroots-heroes-lead-rural-revolution-of-bihar%2F1%2F168028.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-71"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-71"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sri.ciifad.cornell.edu/">"System of Rice Intensification"</A>. Cornell University. 2011.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=System+of+Rice+Intensification&rft.pub=Cornell+University&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsri.ciifad.cornell.edu%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-lmhort-72"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-lmhort_72-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-lmhort_72-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.livemint.com/Politics/3G6kcLhA6CUfw6K3OJu8wI/Deficit-rains-spare-horticulture-record-production-expected.html">Deficit rains spare horticulture, record production expected</A> Livemint, S Bera, Hindustan Times (January 19, 2015)</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-73"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-73"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nhb.gov.in/area%20_production.html">Final Area & Production Estimates for Horticulture Crops for 2012-2013</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150206141018/http://nhb.gov.in/area%20_production.html">Archived</A> 6 February 2015 at the <A href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</A>. Government of India (2014)</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-74"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-74"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://india.gov.in/topics/agriculture/horticulture">Horticulture output</A> Horticulture Board of India</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-hp2013-75"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-hp2013_75-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-hp2013_75-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-hp2013_75-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-hp2013_75-3"><SUP><I><B>d</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-hp2013_75-4"><SUP><I><B>e</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mospi.nic.in/Mospi_New/upload/SYB2015/CH-9-HORTICULTURE/horticulture.pdf">"Horticulture in India"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. MOSPI, Government of India. 2014.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Horticulture+in+India&rft.pub=MOSPI%2C+Government+of+India&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmospi.nic.in%2FMospi_New%2Fupload%2FSYB2015%2FCH-9-HORTICULTURE%2Fhorticulture.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-76"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-76"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Paull, John & Hennig, Benjamin (2016) rider Vinay Kumar <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/25648267/Atlas_of_Organics_Four_maps_of_the_world_of_organic_agriculture">Atlas of Organics: Four Maps of the World of Organic Agriculture</A> Journal of Organics. 3(1): 25-32.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-77"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-77"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Paull, John (2016) <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/26803383/Organics_Olympiad_2016_Global_Indices_of_Leadership_in_Organic_Agriculture">Organics Olympiad 2016: Global Indices of Leadership in Organic Agriculture</A>, Journal of Social and Development Sciences. 7(2):79-87</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-78"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-78"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aem.org/News/Advisors/AEM/?HL=Global_Tractor_Market_Analysis_Available_to_AEM_Members_from_Agrievolution_Alliance&A=1292">Global Tractor Market Analysis Available to AEM Members from Agrievolution Alliance Association of Equipment Manufacturers</A>, Wisconsin, USA (2014)</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-79"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-79"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/ac52bec2-bb1b-11e3-948c-00144feabdc0.html">India proves fertile ground for tractor makers</A> The Financial Times (April 8, 2014) (subscription required)</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-wboverview-80"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-wboverview_80-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldbank.org.in/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/SOUTHASIAEXT/INDIAEXTN/0,,contentMDK:20195738~menuPK:295591~pagePK:141137~piPK:141127~theSitePK:295584,00.html">"India Country Overview 2008"</A>. World Bank. 2008.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=India+Country+Overview+2008&rft.pub=World+Bank&rft.date=2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldbank.org.in%2FWBSITE%2FEXTERNAL%2FCOUNTRIES%2FSOUTHASIAEXT%2FINDIAEXTN%2F0%2C%2CcontentMDK%3A20195738~menuPK%3A295591~pagePK%3A141137~piPK%3A141127~theSitePK%3A295584%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-81"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-81"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/005/ac484e/ac484e00.pdf">"SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN INDIA: FOOD SECURITY AND AGRICULTURAL POLICY"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations. 2003.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SMALLHOLDER+FARMERS+IN+INDIA%3A+FOOD+SECURITY+AND+AGRICULTURAL+POLICY&rft.pub=Food+and+Agriculture+Organisation+of+the+United+Nations&rft.date=2003&rft_id=ftp%3A%2F%2Fftp.fao.org%2Fdocrep%2Ffao%2F005%2Fac484e%2Fac484e00.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-82"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-82"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/DesktopDefault.aspx?PageID=567#ancor">Production Crops - Yield by Country</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130114151638/http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/DesktopDefault.aspx?PageID=567">Archived</A> 14 January 2013 at the <A href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</A>., FAO United Nations 2011</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-ap1-83"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-ap1_83-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-ap1_83-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-ap1_83-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-ap1_83-3"><SUP><I><B>d</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-ap1_83-4"><SUP><I><B>e</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Mahadevan, Renuka (December 2003). "PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH IN INDIAN AGRICULTURE: THE ROLE OF GLOBALISATION AND ECONOMIC REFORM". <I>Asia-Pacific Development Journal</I>. <B>10</B> (2): 57–72.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asia-Pacific+Development+Journal&rft.atitle=PRODUCTIVITY+GROWTH+IN+INDIAN+AGRICULTURE%3A+THE+ROLE+OF+GLOBALISATION+AND+ECONOMIC+REFORM&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=57-72&rft.date=2003-12&rft.au=Mahadevan%2C+Renuka&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-84"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-84"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/009/ag087e/ag087e00.pdf">"Rapid growth of select Asian economies"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations. 2006.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rapid+growth+of+select+Asian+economies&rft.pub=Food+and+Agriculture+Organisation+of+the+United+Nations&rft.date=2006&rft_id=ftp%3A%2F%2Fftp.fao.org%2Fdocrep%2Ffao%2F009%2Fag087e%2Fag087e00.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-agriculturepriorities-85"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-agriculturepriorities_85-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-agriculturepriorities_85-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/SOUTHASIAEXT/EXTSAREGTOPAGRI/0,,contentMDK:20273764~menuPK:548214~pagePK:34004173~piPK:34003707~theSitePK:452766,00.html">"India: Priorities for Agriculture and Rural Development"</A>. World Bank.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=India%3A+Priorities+for+Agriculture+and+Rural+Development&rft.pub=World+Bank&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.worldbank.org%2FWBSITE%2FEXTERNAL%2FCOUNTRIES%2FSOUTHASIAEXT%2FEXTSAREGTOPAGRI%2F0%2C%2CcontentMDK%3A20273764~menuPK%3A548214~pagePK%3A34004173~piPK%3A34003707~theSitePK%3A452766%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-86"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-86"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Biello, David (2009-11-11). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=is-india-running-out-of-water">"Is Northwestern India's Breadbasket Running Out of Water?"</A>. Scientificamerican.com<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">2011-09-17</SPAN></SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Is+Northwestern+India%27s+Breadbasket+Running+Out+of+Water%3F&rft.pub=Scientificamerican.com&rft.date=2009-11-11&rft.aulast=Biello&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scientificamerican.com%2Farticle.cfm%3Fid%3Dis-india-running-out-of-water&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-87"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-87"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Chauhan, Chetan (1 April 2014). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/un-climate-panel-warns-india-of-severe-food-water-shortage/article1-1202760.aspx">"UN climate panel warns India of severe food, water shortage"</A>. <I>www.hindustantimes.com</I>. Hindustan Times<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">31 March</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.hindustantimes.com&rft.atitle=UN+climate+panel+warns+India+of+severe+food%2C+water+shortage&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.aulast=Chauhan&rft.aufirst=Chetan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Findia-news%2Fun-climate-panel-warns-india-of-severe-food-water-shortage%2Farticle1-1202760.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-agri-88"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-agri_88-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Multiple authors (2004). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090410122527/http://dacnet.nic.in/eands/4.6(a)All%20lndia%20Area,%20Production%20and%20Yield%20of%20Rice.xls">"Agricultural Statistics at a Glance 2004"</A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dacnet.nic.in/eands/4.6(a)All%20lndia%20Area,%20Production%20and%20Yield%20of%20Rice.xls">the original</A> on 2009-04-10.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Agricultural+Statistics+at+a+Glance+2004&rft.date=2004&rft.au=Multiple+authors&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdacnet.nic.in%2Feands%2F4.6%28a%29All%2520lndia%2520Area%2C%2520Production%2520and%2520Yield%2520of%2520Rice.xls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-schand-ind.eco-3-89"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-schand-ind.eco-3_89-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Sankaran, S. "28". <I>Indian Economy: Problems, Policies and Development</I>. pp. 492–493.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=28&rft.btitle=Indian+Economy%3A+Problems%2C+Policies+and+Development&rft.pages=492-493&rft.au=Sankaran%2C+S&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-90"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-90"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/08/090812143938.htm">"Satellites Unlock Secret To Northern India's Vanishing Water"</A>. Sciencedaily.com. 2009-08-19<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">2011-09-17</SPAN></SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Satellites+Unlock+Secret+To+Northern+India%27s+Vanishing+Water&rft.pub=Sciencedaily.com&rft.date=2009-08-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedaily.com%2Freleases%2F2009%2F08%2F090812143938.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-91"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-91"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.water.columbia.edu/sitefiles/file/India%20Conference/India%20Conference.pdf">"Columbia Conference on Water Security in India"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">2011-09-17</SPAN></SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Columbia+Conference+on+Water+Security+in+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.water.columbia.edu%2Fsitefiles%2Ffile%2FIndia%2520Conference%2FIndia%2520Conference.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-92"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-92"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bI1tBl1IZ98C&pg=PA77&lpg=PA77"><I>Keepers of the spring: reclaiming our water in an age of globalisation, By Fred Pearce, page 77</I></A>. Books.google.com. 2004-11-01. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781597268936" title="Special:BookSources/9781597268936">9781597268936</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">2011-09-17</SPAN></SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Keepers+of+the+spring%3A+reclaiming+our+water+in+an+age+of+globalisation%2C+By+Fred+Pearce%2C+page+77&rft.pub=Books.google.com&rft.date=2004-11-01&rft.isbn=9781597268936&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbI1tBl1IZ98C%26pg%3DPA77%26lpg%3DPA77&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-93"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-93"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Zakaria, Fareed. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://globalpublicsquare.blogs.cnn.com/2011/12/21/zakaria-india-as-the-broken-bric/">"Zakaria: Is India the broken BRIC?"</A> <I>CNN</I>, 21 December 2011.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-ncrb2012-94"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-ncrb2012_94-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-ncrb2012_94-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">National Crime Reports Bureau, <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ncrb.nic.in/CD-ADSI-2012/ADSI2012.pdf">ADSI Report Annual – 2012</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130810222918/http://ncrb.nic.in/CD-ADSI-2012/ADSI2012.pdf">Archived</A> 10 August 2013 at the <A href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</A>. Government of India, Page 242, Table 2.11</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Nagraj-95"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Nagraj_95-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Nagraj, K. (2008). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110512173317/http://www.macroscan.com/anl/mar08/pdf/Farmers_Suicides.pdf">"Farmers suicide in India: magnitudes, trends and spatial patterns"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.macroscan.com/anl/mar08/pdf/Farmers_Suicides.pdf">the original</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN> on 12 May 2011.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Farmers+suicide+in+India%3A+magnitudes%2C+trends+and+spatial+patterns&rft.date=2008&rft.au=Nagraj%2C+K.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.macroscan.com%2Fanl%2Fmar08%2Fpdf%2FFarmers_Suicides.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-96"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-96"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Gruère, G. & Sengupta, D. (2011), Bt cotton and farmer suicides in India: an evidence-based assessment, The Journal of Development Studies, 47(2), 316–337</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-97"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-97"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Schurman, R. (2013), Shadow space: suicides and the predicament of rural India, Journal of Peasant Studies, 40(3), 597–601</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-98"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-98"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Das, A. (2011), Farmers’ suicide in India: implications for public mental health, International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 57(1), 21–29</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-policy2007-99"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-policy2007_99-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-policy2007_99-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://agricoop.nic.in/NPF/npff2007.pdf">National Policy for Farmers, 2007</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150824071258/http://agricoop.nic.in/npf/npff2007.pdf">Archived</A> 24 August 2015 at the <A href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</A>.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-telegraphindia.com-100"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-telegraphindia.com_100-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-telegraphindia.com_100-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-telegraphindia.com_100-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">The Telegraph. July 23, 2007 <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.telegraphindia.com/1070723/asp/nation/story_8094453.asp">‘Prohibiting the use of agricultural land for industries is ultimately self-defeating’</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-101"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-101"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://india.gov.in/sectors/agriculture/agri_marketing.php">Agriculture marketing</A> india.gov Retrieved on February 2008</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-102"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-102"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iari.res.in/objectives.php">Objectives</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071024132458/http://www.iari.res.in/objectives.php">Archived</A> 24 October 2007 at the <A href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</A>. Indian agricultural research institute, Retrieved on December 2007</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-103"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-103"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://krishakayog.gov.in/">Farmers Commission</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-104"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-104"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/asia/2012/08/2012845225626683.html">" Drought fears loom in India as monsoon stalls."</A> <I>al Jazeera</I>, 5 August 2012.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-105"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-105"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/farmers-rally-bareilly-target-to-double-farmers-income-by-2022">"PM Modi: Target to double farmers' income by 2022"</A>, <I><A href="/wiki/The_Indian_Express" title="The Indian Express">The Indian Express</A></I>, 28 February 2016</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Indian+Express&rft.atitle=PM+Modi%3A+Target+to+double+farmers%E2%80%99+income+by+2022&rft.date=2016-02-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Findianexpress.com%2Farticle%2Findia%2Findia-news-india%2Ffarmers-rally-bareilly-target-to-double-farmers-income-by-2022&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-106"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-106"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techinasia.com/real-indian-startups-will-be-in-agriculture">"Tech in Asia - Connecting Asia's startup ecosystem"</A>. <I>www.techinasia.com</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">2016-06-04</SPAN></SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.techinasia.com&rft.atitle=Tech+in+Asia+-+Connecting+Asia%27s+startup+ecosystem&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techinasia.com%2Freal-indian-startups-will-be-in-agriculture&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
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<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Further_reading">Further reading</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_India&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
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<LI><CITE id="CITEREFSharma1999" class="citation">Sharma, Shalendra D. (1999), <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=i4bV4cKpPlIC&pg=PA125"><I>Development and Democracy in India</I></A>, Lynne Rienner Publishers, pp. 125–, <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55587-810-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55587-810-8">978-1-55587-810-8</A></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Development+and+Democracy+in+India&rft.pages=125-&rft.pub=Lynne+Rienner+Publishers&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-1-55587-810-8&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=Shalendra+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Di4bV4cKpPlIC%26pg%3DPA125&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
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<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_India&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
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<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scribd.com/doc/109212600%20">Agarwal, Ankit (2011), "Theory of Optimum Utilisation of Resources in agriculture during the Gupta Period"</A>, History Today 12, New Delhi, <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number (identifier)">ISSN</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:2249-748X">2249-748X</A>.</LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120425001028/http://agricoop.nic.in/SIA111213312.pdf"><I>State of Indian Agriculture 2011-12</I>. New Delhi: Government of India, Ministry of Agriculture, Department of Agriculture and Cooperation, March 2012</A></LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/india/102.htm"><I>Indian Agriculture</I>. U.S. Library of Congress.</A></LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://agricoop.nic.in/">Government of India, Ministry of Agriculture, Department of Agriculture & Cooperation website</A></LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081012170718/http://www.manage.gov.in/managelib/agrinet/agriIndia.htm">Indian Council for Agricultural Research Home Page.</A></LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indianfarmers.org/">Website of The Indian Farmers Association</A></LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.agriwatch.com/">Commodity Research, Food and Agribusiness, Commodity News and Analysis</A> (in English) (based in India)</LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nnsonline.com/">Agriculture Commodity Market News - Agri Commodity News, Rates, Daily Trading Prices, The Trade News Agency NNS - Daily commodity prices of Agricultural and Agri based Commodities from different Markets of India. Indian Agriculture Industry business-to-business (b2b) News and Directory</A> (in English) (based in India)</LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biodiversityofindia.org/index.php?title=Principal_crops_of_India_and_problems_with_Indian_agriculture">Principal crops of India and problems with Indian agriculture</A> A collection of statistics (from India Statistical Report, 2011) along with sections of this Wikipedia article and YouTube videos.</LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://brightergreen.org/a.php?id=46title=Brighter_Green_Policy_Paper:_Veg_or_NonVeg_India_at_a_Crossroads">Brighter Green Policy Paper: Veg or NonVeg, India at a Crossroads</A> A December 2011 policy paper analysing the forces behind the rising consumption and production of meat, eggs, and dairy products in India, and the effects on India's people, environment, animals, and the global climate.</LI>
<LI><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702304441404579121313326574626">"India's farmers start to mechanize amid a labor shortage, increasing productivity. - WSJ.com"</A>. Online.wsj.com<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">2013-10-30</SPAN></SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=India%27s+farmers+start+to+mechanize+amid+a+labor+shortage%2C+increasing+productivity.+-+WSJ.com&rft.pub=Online.wsj.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2FSB10001424052702304441404579121313326574626&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+India" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/History_of_the_Republic_of_India" title="History of the Republic of India">Republic</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Political_integration_of_India" title="Political integration of India">Integration</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/India_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="India and the Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Five-Year_Plans_of_India" title="Five-Year Plans of India">Five-Year Plans</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sino-Indian_War" title="Sino-Indian War">Sino-Indian War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_wars_and_conflicts" title="Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts">Indo-Pakistani wars</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Green_Revolution_in_India" title="Green Revolution in India">Green Revolution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Operation_Flood" title="Operation Flood">White Revolution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Naxalite" title="Naxalite">Naxal Insurgency</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Smiling_Buddha" title="Smiling Buddha">Smiling Buddha</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_Space_Research_Organisation" title="Indian Space Research Organisation">Space programme</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/The_Emergency_(India)" title="The Emergency (India)">The Emergency</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_Peace_Keeping_Force" title="Indian Peace Keeping Force">Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economic_liberalisation_in_India" title="Economic liberalisation in India">Economic liberalisation</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pokhran-II" title="Pokhran-II">Pokhran-II</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV>
<TABLE class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0" id="collapsibleTable3">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><SPAN class="collapseButton">[<A id="collapseButton3" href="#">show</A>]</SPAN>
<DIV id="Geography" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><A href="/wiki/Geography_of_India" title="Geography of India">Geography</A></DIV>
</TH>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV>
<TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Environment_of_India" title="Environment of India">Environment</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Biosphere_reserves_of_India" title="Biosphere reserves of India">Biosphere reserves</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Climate_of_India" title="Climate of India">Climate</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Climatic_regions_of_India" title="Climatic regions of India">Climatic regions</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_India" title="List of earthquakes in India">Earthquakes</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_ecoregions_in_India" title="List of ecoregions in India">Ecoregions</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_India" title="Environmental issues in India">Environmental issues</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Fauna_of_India" title="Fauna of India">Fauna</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Flora_of_India" title="Flora of India">Flora</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Geology_of_India" title="Geology of India">Geology</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_India" title="List of national parks of India">National parks</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_India" title="Protected areas of India">Protected areas</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_India" title="Wildlife of India">Wildlife</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wildlife_sanctuaries_of_India" title="Wildlife sanctuaries of India">sanctuaries</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landforms</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_beaches_in_India" title="List of beaches in India">Beaches</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Thar_Desert" title="Thar Desert">Desert</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_extreme_points_of_India" title="List of extreme points of India">Extreme points</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_glaciers_of_India" title="List of glaciers of India">Glaciers</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_India" title="List of islands of India">Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_India" title="List of lakes of India">Lakes</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_India" title="List of mountains in India">Mountains</A></LI>
<LI>Plains
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indo-Gangetic_Plain" title="Indo-Gangetic Plain">Indo-Gangetic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eastern_coastal_plains" title="Eastern coastal plains">Eastern coastal</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Western_Coastal_Plains" title="Western Coastal Plains">Western coastal</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_India" title="List of rivers of India">Rivers</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_valleys_in_India" title="List of valleys in India">Valleys</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_India" title="List of volcanoes in India">Volcanoes</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_waterfalls_of_India" title="List of waterfalls of India">Waterfalls</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of regions of India">Regions</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/East_India" title="East India">East</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/North_India" title="North India">North</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northeast_India" title="Northeast India">Northeast</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/South_India" title="South India">South</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Western_India" title="Western India">West</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_India" title="Administrative divisions of India">Subdivisions</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Autonomous_administrative_divisions_of_India" title="Autonomous administrative divisions of India">Autonomous administrative divisions</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities and towns in India">Cities</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_districts_in_India" title="List of districts in India">Districts</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Municipal_governance_in_India" title="Municipal governance in India">Municipalities</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/States_and_union_territories_of_India" title="States and union territories of India">States and territories</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV>
<TABLE class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0" id="collapsibleTable4">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><SPAN class="collapseButton">[<A id="collapseButton4" href="#">show</A>]</SPAN>
<DIV id="Politics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><A href="/wiki/Politics_of_India" title="Politics of India">Politics</A></DIV>
</TH>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV>
<TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_agencies" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Indian agencies">Agencies</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_India" title="Energy policy of India">Energy policy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_India" title="Foreign relations of India">Foreign relations</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Parliament_of_India" title="Parliament of India">Parliament</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/President_of_India" title="President of India">President</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice President of India">Vice President</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_India" title="Prime Minister of India">Prime Minister</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Union_Council_of_Ministers" title="Union Council of Ministers">Union Council of Ministers</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Civil_Services_of_India" title="Civil Services of India">Civil Services</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cabinet_Secretary_of_India" title="Cabinet Secretary of India">Cabinet Secretary</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/State_governments_of_India" title="State governments of India">State governments</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Law_of_India" title="Law of India">Law</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV>
<TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_India" title="Chief Justice of India">Chief Justice</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Constitution_of_India" title="Constitution of India">Constitution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/District_Courts_of_India" title="District Courts of India">District Courts</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Fundamental_Rights,_Directive_Principles_and_Fundamental_Duties_of_India" title="Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles and Fundamental Duties of India">Fundamental rights, principles and duties</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_High_Courts_of_India" title="List of High Courts of India">High Courts</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_India" title="Human rights in India">Human rights</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_India" title="Supreme Court of India">Supreme Court</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><A href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_India" title="Law enforcement in India">Enforcement</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV>
<TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Federal</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Border_Security_Force" title="Border Security Force">Border Security Force (BSF)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Central_Industrial_Security_Force" title="Central Industrial Security Force">Central Industrial Security Force (CISF)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Central_Reserve_Police_Force" title="Central Reserve Police Force">Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indo-Tibetan_Border_Police" title="Indo-Tibetan Border Police">Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/National_Security_Guard" title="National Security Guard">National Security Guard (NSG)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Railway_Protection_Force" title="Railway Protection Force">Railway Protection Force (RPF)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sashastra_Seema_Bal" title="Sashastra Seema Bal">Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Special_Protection_Group" title="Special Protection Group">Special Protection Group (SPG)</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><A href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_intelligence_agencies" title="List of Indian intelligence agencies">Intelligence</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Police_Research_and_Development" title="Bureau of Police Research and Development">Bureau of Police Research and Development (BPR&D)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Central_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Central Bureau of Investigation">Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Revenue_Intelligence" title="Directorate of Revenue Intelligence">Directorate of Revenue Intelligence (DRI)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Enforcement_Directorate" title="Enforcement Directorate">Enforcement Directorate</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Intelligence_Bureau_(India)" title="Intelligence Bureau (India)">Intelligence Bureau (IB)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/National_Security_Council_(India)" title="National Security Council (India)">Joint Intelligence Committee (JIC)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Narcotics_Control_Bureau" title="Narcotics Control Bureau">Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/National_Investigation_Agency" title="National Investigation Agency">National Investigation Agency (NIA)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Research_and_Analysis_Wing" title="Research and Analysis Wing">Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW)</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Indian_Armed_Forces" title="Indian Armed Forces">Military</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_Army" title="Indian Army">Army</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_Navy" title="Indian Navy">Navy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_Air_Force" title="Indian Air Force">Air Force</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Politics_of_India" title="Politics of India">Politics</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Censorship_in_India" title="Censorship in India">Censorship</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Elections_in_India" title="Elections in India">Elections</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_nationalism" title="Indian nationalism">Nationalism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Parliament_of_India" title="Parliament of India">Parliament</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">Lok Sabha</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rajya_Sabha" title="Rajya Sabha">Rajya Sabha</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_India" title="List of political parties in India">Political parties</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">INC</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">BJP</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bahujan_Samaj_Party" title="Bahujan Samaj Party">BSP</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India" title="Communist Party of India">CPI</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist)">CPM</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nationalist_Congress_Party" title="Nationalist Congress Party">NCP</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Reservation_in_India" title="Reservation in India">Reservations</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_scandals_in_India" title="List of scandals in India">Scandals</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Scheduled_Castes_and_Scheduled_Tribes" title="Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes">Scheduled groups</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Secularism_in_India" title="Secularism in India">Secularism</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV>
<TABLE class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0" id="collapsibleTable5">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><SPAN class="collapseButton">[<A id="collapseButton5" href="#">show</A>]</SPAN>
<DIV id="Economy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_India" title="Economy of India">Economy</A></DIV>
</TH>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV>
<TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Category:Companies_of_India" title="Category:Companies of India">Companies</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/BSE_SENSEX" title="BSE SENSEX">BSE SENSEX</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/CNX_Nifty" class="mw-redirect" title="CNX Nifty">CNX Nifty</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Government-owned_companies_of_India" title="Category:Government-owned companies of India">Government-owned companies</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_India" title="List of companies of India">List of companies</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Governance</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_(India)" title="Ministry of Finance (India)">Ministry of Finance</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(India)" title="Minister of Finance (India)">Finance ministers</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Commerce_and_Industry_(India)" title="Ministry of Commerce and Industry (India)">Ministry of Commerce and Industry</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Minister_of_Commerce_and_Industry_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Commerce and Industry (India)">Commerce ministers</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Finance_Commission_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Finance Commission of India">Finance Commission</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Planning_Commission_(India)" title="Planning Commission (India)">Planning Commission</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economic_Advisory_Council" title="Economic Advisory Council">Economic Advisory Council</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Central_Statistical_Office_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Statistical Office (India)">Central Statistical Office</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Securities_and_Exchange_Board_of_India" title="Securities and Exchange Board of India">Securities and Exchange Board of India</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Enforcement_Directorate" title="Enforcement Directorate">Enforcement Directorate</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Foreign_trade_of_India" title="Foreign trade of India">Foreign trade</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Remittances_to_India" title="Remittances to India">Remittances</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Taxation_in_India" title="Taxation in India">Taxation</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Subsidies_in_India" title="Subsidies in India">Subsidies</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Industrial_licensing_in_India" title="Industrial licensing in India">Industrial licensing</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/National_Voluntary_Guidelines_on_Social,_Environmental_and_Economic_Responsibilities_of_Business" title="National Voluntary Guidelines on Social, Environmental and Economic Responsibilities of Business">Voluntary guidelines</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/NITI_Aayog" title="NITI Aayog">NITI Aayog</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Make_in_India" title="Make in India">Make in India</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Foreign_Direct_Investment_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign Direct Investment in India">FDI in India</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Currency</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_rupee" title="Indian rupee">Indian rupee</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/History_of_the_rupee" title="History of the rupee">History</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tables_of_historical_exchange_rates_to_the_india_rupee" class="mw-redirect" title="Tables of historical exchange rates to the india rupee">Historical exchange rates data of the Indian rupee</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Coinage_of_India" title="Coinage of India">Coinage</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Reserve_Bank_of_India" title="Reserve Bank of India">Reserve Bank of India</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Reserve_Bank_of_India" title="List of Governors of Reserve Bank of India">Governors</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/India_Government_Mint" title="India Government Mint">India Government Mint</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Financial services</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Banking_in_India" title="Banking in India">Banking</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Banks_of_India" title="Category:Banks of India">Banks</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Insurance_in_India" title="Insurance in India">Insurance</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Foreign_exchange_reserves_of_India" title="Foreign exchange reserves of India">Foreign exchange reserves</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bombay_Stock_Exchange" title="Bombay Stock Exchange">Bombay Stock Exchange</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/National_Stock_Exchange_of_India" title="National Stock Exchange of India">National Stock Exchange</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Multi_Commodity_Exchange" title="Multi Commodity Exchange">Multi Commodity Exchange</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/The_Gold_(Control)_Act,_1968" title="The Gold (Control) Act, 1968">Bullion</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_black_money" title="Indian black money">Black money</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_India" title="Economic history of India">History</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economic_development_in_India" title="Economic development in India">Economic Development</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economic_liberalisation_in_India" title="Economic liberalisation in India">Economic liberalisation</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Licence_Raj" title="Licence Raj">Licence Raj</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Green_Revolution_in_India" title="Green Revolution in India">Green revolution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_government_initiatives_focusing_on_economic_development" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Indian government initiatives focusing on economic development">Government initiatives</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_numbering_system" title="Indian numbering system">Numbering system</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Indian_billionaires" title="Category:Indian billionaires">Billionaires</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Indian_businesspeople" title="Category:Indian businesspeople">Businesspeople</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Demographics_of_India" title="Demographics of India">Demography</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Income_in_India" title="Income in India">Income</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Poverty_in_India" title="Poverty in India">Poverty</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_labour_law" title="Indian labour law">Labour law</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pensions_in_India" title="Pensions in India">Pensions</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Employees%27_Provident_Fund_Organisation_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Employees' Provident Fund Organisation of India">EPFO</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/National_Pension_Scheme" class="mw-redirect" title="National Pension Scheme">NPS</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Public_Provident_Fund_(India)" title="Public Provident Fund (India)">PPF</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Category:Economy_of_India_by_state_or_union_territory" title="Category:Economy of India by state or union territory">States</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Economy of Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Assam" title="Economy of Assam">Assam</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bihar" title="Economy of Bihar">Bihar</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Goa" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Goa">Goa</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Gujarat" title="Economy of Gujarat">Gujarat</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Haryana" title="Economy of Haryana">Haryana</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Himachal_Pradesh" title="Economy of Himachal Pradesh">Himachal Pradesh</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Jammu and Kashmir">Jammu and Kashmir</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Karnataka" title="Economy of Karnataka">Karnataka</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kerala" title="Economy of Kerala">Kerala</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Madhya_Pradesh" title="Economy of Madhya Pradesh">Madhya Pradesh</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Maharashtra" title="Economy of Maharashtra">Maharashtra</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Manipur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economy of Manipur (page does not exist)">Manipur</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mizoram" title="Economy of Mizoram">Mizoram</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Nagaland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economy of Nagaland (page does not exist)">Nagaland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Odisha" title="Economy of Odisha">Odisha</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Punjab,_India" title="Economy of Punjab, India">Punjab</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Rajasthan" title="Economy of Rajasthan">Rajasthan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tamil_Nadu" title="Economy of Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Telangana" title="Economy of Telangana">Telangana</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Uttarakhand" title="Economy of Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Economy of Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_West_Bengal" title="Economy of West Bengal">West Bengal</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sectors</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A class="mw-selflink selflink">Agriculture</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Animal_husbandry_in_India" title="Animal husbandry in India">Livestock</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Fishing_in_India" title="Fishing in India">Fishing</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_India" title="Automotive industry in India">Automotive</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Defence_industry_of_India" title="Defence industry of India">Defence</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Construction_industry_of_India" title="Construction industry of India">Construction</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Education_in_India" title="Education in India">Education</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Energy_in_India" title="Energy in India">Energy</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nuclear_power_in_India" title="Nuclear power in India">Nuclear</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_India" title="Solar power in India">Solar</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wind_power_in_India" title="Wind power in India">Wind</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Entertainment_industry_in_India" title="Entertainment industry in India">Entertainment</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Forestry_in_India" title="Forestry in India">Forestry</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gambling_in_India" title="Gambling in India">Gambling</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_India" title="Healthcare in India">Healthcare</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Information_technology_in_India" title="Information technology in India">Information technology</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Media_of_India" title="Media of India">Media</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cinema_of_India" title="Cinema of India">Cinema</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Television_in_India" title="Television in India">Television</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Printing_industry_in_India" title="Printing industry in India">Printing</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mining_in_India" title="Mining in India">Mining</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_industry_in_India" title="Pharmaceutical industry in India">Pharmaceuticals</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Retailing_in_India" title="Retailing in India">Retail</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_India" title="Science and technology in India">Science and technology</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Biotechnology_in_India" title="Biotechnology in India">Biotechnology</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_India" title="Telecommunications in India">Telecommunications</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Textile_industry_in_India" title="Textile industry in India">Textiles</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tourism_in_India" title="Tourism in India">Tourism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Transport_in_India" title="Transport in India">Transport</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Aviation_in_India" title="Aviation in India">Aviation</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Civil_Aviation_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil Aviation in India">Civil</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ports_in_India" title="Ports in India">Ports</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_India" title="Rail transport in India">Rail</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Utilities_of_India" title="Category:Utilities of India">Utilities</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Electricity_sector_in_India" title="Electricity sector in India">Electricity</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_India" title="Water supply and sanitation in India">Water</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
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</TD>
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<DIV class="hlist hlist-separated">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Indian_society" title="Category:Indian society">Society</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Culture_of_India" title="Culture of India">Culture</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</DIV>
</TH>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV>
<TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Category:Indian_society" title="Category:Indian society">Society</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Caste_system_in_India" title="Caste system in India">Caste system</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Corruption_in_India" title="Corruption in India">Corruption</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Demographics_of_India" title="Demographics of India">Demographics</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Education_in_India" title="Education in India">Education</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_India" title="List of universities in India">Universities in India</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_medical_colleges_in_India" title="List of medical colleges in India">Medical colleges in India</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_law_schools_in_India" title="List of law schools in India">Law colleges in India</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Engineering_education_in_India" title="Engineering education in India">Engineering colleges in India</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ethnic_relations_in_India" title="Ethnic relations in India">Ethnic relations</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Health_in_India" title="Health in India">Healthcare</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_hospitals_in_India" title="List of hospitals in India">Hospitals in India</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Languages_of_India" title="Languages of India">Languages</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Literacy_in_India" title="Literacy in India">Literacy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Poverty_in_India" title="Poverty in India">Poverty</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Prisons_in_India" title="Prisons in India">Prisons</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Religion_in_India" title="Religion in India">Religion</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Socio-economic_issues_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Socio-economic issues in India">Socio-economic issues</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Standard_of_living_in_India" title="Standard of living in India">Standard of living</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_India" title="Water supply and sanitation in India">Water supply and sanitation</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Crime_in_India" title="Crime in India">Crime</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Culture_of_India" title="Culture of India">Culture</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Arts_and_entertainment_in_India" title="Arts and entertainment in India">Arts and entertainment</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Architecture_of_India" title="Architecture of India">Architecture</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_blogosphere" title="Indian blogosphere">Blogging</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cinema_of_India" title="Cinema of India">Cinema</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_comics" title="Indian comics">Comics</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Webcomics_in_India" title="Webcomics in India">Webcomics</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_cuisine" title="Indian cuisine">Cuisine</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_wine" title="Indian wine">wine</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_classical_dance" title="Indian classical dance">Dance</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Clothing_in_India" title="Clothing in India">Dress</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Folklore_of_India" title="Folklore of India">Folklore</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_festivals_in_India" title="List of festivals in India">Festivals</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_literature" title="Indian literature">Literature</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Media_of_India" title="Media of India">Media</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Television_in_India" title="Television in India">television</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_martial_arts" title="Indian martial arts">Martial arts</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Music_of_India" title="Music of India">Music</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_India" title="Public holidays in India">Public holidays</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sport_in_India" title="Sport in India">Sport</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
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<DIV id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=India&#124;link=India_Economy_of_India" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><SPAN class="flagicon"><A href="/wiki/India" title="India"><IMG alt="India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></A></SPAN> <A href="/wiki/Economy_of_India" title="Economy of India">Economy of India</A></DIV>
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Category:Companies_of_India" title="Category:Companies of India">Companies</A></TH>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/BSE_SENSEX" title="BSE SENSEX">BSE SENSEX</A></LI>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Government-owned_companies_of_India" title="Category:Government-owned companies of India">Government-owned companies</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_India" title="List of companies of India">List of companies</A></LI>
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Governance</TH>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_(India)" title="Ministry of Finance (India)">Ministry of Finance</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(India)" title="Minister of Finance (India)">Finance ministers</A></LI>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Commerce_and_Industry_(India)" title="Ministry of Commerce and Industry (India)">Ministry of Commerce and Industry</A>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/Minister_of_Commerce_and_Industry_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Commerce and Industry (India)">Commerce ministers</A></LI>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/Finance_Commission_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Finance Commission of India">Finance Commission</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economic_Advisory_Council" title="Economic Advisory Council">Economic Advisory Council</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Central_Statistical_Office_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Statistical Office (India)">Central Statistical Office</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Securities_and_Exchange_Board_of_India" title="Securities and Exchange Board of India">Securities and Exchange Board of India</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Enforcement_Directorate" title="Enforcement Directorate">Enforcement Directorate</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Foreign_trade_of_India" title="Foreign trade of India">Foreign trade</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment_in_India" title="Foreign direct investment in India">Foreign direct investment</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Foreign_exchange_reserves_of_India" title="Foreign exchange reserves of India">Foreign exchange reserves</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Remittances_to_India" title="Remittances to India">Remittances</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Taxation_in_India" title="Taxation in India">Taxation</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Subsidies_in_India" title="Subsidies in India">Subsidies</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Industrial_licensing_in_India" title="Industrial licensing in India">Industrial licensing</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/National_Voluntary_Guidelines_on_Social,_Environmental_and_Economic_Responsibilities_of_Business" title="National Voluntary Guidelines on Social, Environmental and Economic Responsibilities of Business">Voluntary guidelines</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/NITI_Aayog" title="NITI Aayog">NITI Aayog</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Make_in_India" title="Make in India">Make in India</A></LI>
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Currency</TH>
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<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_rupee" title="Indian rupee">Indian rupee</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/History_of_the_rupee" title="History of the rupee">History</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_rupee_exchange_rate_history" title="Indian rupee exchange rate history">Historical exchange rates</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Coinage_of_India" title="Coinage of India">Coinage</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Reserve_Bank_of_India" title="Reserve Bank of India">Reserve Bank of India</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Reserve_Bank_of_India" title="List of Governors of Reserve Bank of India">Governors</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/India_Government_Mint" title="India Government Mint">India Government Mint</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Financial services</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Banking_in_India" title="Banking in India">Banking</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Banks_of_India" title="Category:Banks of India">Banks</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Insurance_in_India" title="Insurance in India">Insurance</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bombay_Stock_Exchange" title="Bombay Stock Exchange">Bombay Stock Exchange</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/National_Stock_Exchange_of_India" title="National Stock Exchange of India">National Stock Exchange</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Multi_Commodity_Exchange" title="Multi Commodity Exchange">Multi Commodity Exchange</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/The_Gold_(Control)_Act,_1968" title="The Gold (Control) Act, 1968">Bullion</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_black_money" title="Indian black money">Black money</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Stock_exchanges_in_India" title="Category:Stock exchanges in India">Stock exchanges</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_India" title="Economic history of India">History</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economic_development_in_India" title="Economic development in India">Economic development</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economic_liberalisation_in_India" title="Economic liberalisation in India">Economic liberalisation</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Licence_Raj" title="Licence Raj">Licence Raj</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Green_Revolution_in_India" title="Green Revolution in India">Green revolution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_government_initiatives_focusing_on_economic_development" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Indian government initiatives focusing on economic development">Government initiatives</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_numbering_system" title="Indian numbering system">Numbering system</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Indian_billionaires" title="Category:Indian billionaires">Billionaires</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Indian_businesspeople" title="Category:Indian businesspeople">Businesspeople</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Demographics_of_India" title="Demographics of India">Demography</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Income_in_India" title="Income in India">Income</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Poverty_in_India" title="Poverty in India">Poverty</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_labour_law" title="Indian labour law">Labour law</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pensions_in_India" title="Pensions in India">Pensions</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Employees%27_Provident_Fund_Organisation_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Employees' Provident Fund Organisation of India">EPFO</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/National_Pension_Scheme" class="mw-redirect" title="National Pension Scheme">NPS</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Public_Provident_Fund_(India)" title="Public Provident Fund (India)">PPF</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Category:Economy_of_India_by_state_or_union_territory" title="Category:Economy of India by state or union territory">States</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Economy of Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Assam" title="Economy of Assam">Assam</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bihar" title="Economy of Bihar">Bihar</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Delhi" title="Economy of Delhi">Delhi</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Goa" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Goa">Goa</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Gujarat" title="Economy of Gujarat">Gujarat</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Haryana" title="Economy of Haryana">Haryana</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Himachal_Pradesh" title="Economy of Himachal Pradesh">Himachal Pradesh</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Jammu and Kashmir">Jammu and Kashmir</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Karnataka" title="Economy of Karnataka">Karnataka</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kerala" title="Economy of Kerala">Kerala</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Madhya_Pradesh" title="Economy of Madhya Pradesh">Madhya Pradesh</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Maharashtra" title="Economy of Maharashtra">Maharashtra</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mizoram" title="Economy of Mizoram">Mizoram</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Odisha" title="Economy of Odisha">Odisha</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Punjab,_India" title="Economy of Punjab, India">Punjab</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Rajasthan" title="Economy of Rajasthan">Rajasthan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tamil_Nadu" title="Economy of Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Telangana" title="Economy of Telangana">Telangana</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Uttarakhand" title="Economy of Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Economy of Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_West_Bengal" title="Economy of West Bengal">West Bengal</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sectors</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A class="mw-selflink selflink">Agriculture</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Animal_husbandry_in_India" title="Animal husbandry in India">Livestock</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Fishing_in_India" title="Fishing in India">Fishing</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_India" title="Automotive industry in India">Automotive</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Defence_industry_of_India" title="Defence industry of India">Defence</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Construction_industry_of_India" title="Construction industry of India">Construction</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Education_in_India" title="Education in India">Education</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Energy_in_India" title="Energy in India">Energy</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nuclear_power_in_India" title="Nuclear power in India">Nuclear</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_India" title="Solar power in India">Solar</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wind_power_in_India" title="Wind power in India">Wind</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Entertainment_industry_in_India" title="Entertainment industry in India">Entertainment</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Forestry_in_India" title="Forestry in India">Forestry</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gambling_in_India" title="Gambling in India">Gambling</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_India" title="Healthcare in India">Healthcare</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Information_technology_in_India" title="Information technology in India">Information technology</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Media_of_India" title="Media of India">Media</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cinema_of_India" title="Cinema of India">Cinema</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Television_in_India" title="Television in India">Television</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Printing_industry_in_India" title="Printing industry in India">Printing</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mining_in_India" title="Mining in India">Mining</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Coal_mining_in_India" title="Coal mining in India">Coal</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Iron_and_steel_industry_in_India" title="Iron and steel industry in India">Iron and Steel</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_industry_in_India" title="Pharmaceutical industry in India">Pharmaceuticals</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Retailing_in_India" title="Retailing in India">Retail</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_India" title="Science and technology in India">Science and technology</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Biotechnology_in_India" title="Biotechnology in India">Biotechnology</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_India" title="Telecommunications in India">Telecommunications</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Textile_industry_in_India" title="Textile industry in India">Textiles</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tourism_in_India" title="Tourism in India">Tourism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Transport_in_India" title="Transport in India">Transport</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Aviation_in_India" title="Aviation in India">Aviation</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Civil_Aviation_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil Aviation in India">Civil</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ports_in_India" title="Ports in India">Ports</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_India" title="Rail transport in India">Rail</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Utilities_of_India" title="Category:Utilities of India">Utilities</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Electricity_sector_in_India" title="Electricity sector in India">Electricity</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_India" title="Water supply and sanitation in India">Water</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2">
<DIV>
<UL>
<LI><IMG alt="Category" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/16px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png" title="Category" width="16" height="14" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/24px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/32px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="31" /> <A href="/wiki/Category:Economy_of_India" title="Category:Economy of India"><B>Category</B></A></LI>
<LI><IMG alt="Commons page" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" title="Commons page" width="12" height="16" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /> <A href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Economy_of_India" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Economy of India"><B>Commons</B></A></LI>
<LI><IMG alt="Wikiquote page" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/13px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" title="Wikiquote page" width="13" height="16" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/20px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /> <A href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Economy_of_India" class="extiw" title="wikiquote:Economy of India"><B>Wikiquotes</B></A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</DIV>
<DIV role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Agriculture_in_Asia" style="padding:3px">
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<LI class="nv-view"><A href="/wiki/Template:Asia_topic" title="Template:Asia topic"><ABBR title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">v</ABBR></A></LI>
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<DIV id="Agriculture_in_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Agriculture in Asia</DIV>
</TH>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Afghanistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Armenia" title="Agriculture in Armenia">Armenia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Azerbaijan" title="Agriculture in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Bahrain" title="Agriculture in Bahrain">Bahrain</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Bangladesh" title="Agriculture in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Bhutan" title="Agriculture in Bhutan">Bhutan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Brunei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in Brunei (page does not exist)">Brunei</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Cambodia" title="Agriculture in Cambodia">Cambodia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_China" title="Agriculture in China">China</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Cyprus" title="Agriculture in Cyprus">Cyprus</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_East_Timor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in East Timor (page does not exist)">East Timor (Timor-Leste)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in Egypt">Egypt</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Agriculture in Georgia (country)">Georgia</A></LI>
<LI><A class="mw-selflink selflink">India</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Indonesia" title="Agriculture in Indonesia">Indonesia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Iran" title="Agriculture in Iran">Iran</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in Iraq">Iraq</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Israel" title="Agriculture in Israel">Israel</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in Japan">Japan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Jordan" title="Agriculture in Jordan">Jordan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Kazakhstan" title="Agriculture in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_North_Korea" title="Agriculture in North Korea">North Korea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_South_Korea" title="Agriculture in South Korea">South Korea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Kuwait" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in Kuwait">Kuwait</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Kyrgyzstan" title="Agriculture in Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Laos" title="Agriculture in Laos">Laos</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Lebanon" title="Agriculture in Lebanon">Lebanon</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Malaysia" title="Agriculture in Malaysia">Malaysia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_the_Maldives" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in the Maldives">Maldives</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Mongolia" title="Agriculture in Mongolia">Mongolia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Myanmar" title="Agriculture in Myanmar">Myanmar</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Nepal" title="Agriculture in Nepal">Nepal</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Oman" title="Agriculture in Oman">Oman</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Pakistan" title="Agriculture in Pakistan">Pakistan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_the_Philippines" title="Agriculture in the Philippines">Philippines</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Qatar" title="Agriculture in Qatar">Qatar</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Russia" title="Agriculture in Russia">Russia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Agriculture in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Singapore" title="Agriculture in Singapore">Singapore</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Agriculture in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Syria" title="Agriculture in Syria">Syria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Tajikistan" title="Agriculture in Tajikistan">Tajikistan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Thailand" title="Agriculture in Thailand">Thailand</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in Turkey">Turkey</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Turkmenistan" title="Agriculture in Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Agriculture in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Uzbekistan" title="Agriculture in Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Vietnam" title="Agriculture in Vietnam">Vietnam</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Yemen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in Yemen (page does not exist)">Yemen</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with<BR />
limited recognition</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_the_Republic_of_Artsakh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in the Republic of Artsakh (page does not exist)">Artsakh</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in Northern Cyprus (page does not exist)">Northern Cyprus</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_the_Palestinian_territories" title="Agriculture in the Palestinian territories">Palestine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Taiwan" title="Agriculture in Taiwan">Taiwan</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</A> and<BR />
other territories</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in the British Indian Ocean Territory (page does not exist)">British Indian Ocean Territory</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Christmas_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in Christmas Island (page does not exist)">Christmas Island</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (page does not exist)">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Macau" title="Agriculture in Macau">Macau</A></LI>
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_India" title="Economy of India">Economy</A></TH>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/Brain_drain#India" class="mw-redirect" title="Brain drain">Brain drain</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Communications_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Communications in India">Communications</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Famine_in_India" title="Famine in India">Famine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Farmers%27_suicides_in_India" title="Farmers' suicides in India">Farmers' suicides</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Labour_in_India" title="Labour in India">Labour</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Land_reforms_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Land reforms in India">Land reforms</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Debt_bondage_in_India" title="Debt bondage in India">Debt bondage</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/National_Pension_Scheme" class="mw-redirect" title="National Pension Scheme">National Pension Scheme</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Poverty_in_India" title="Poverty in India">Poverty</A>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/Below_Poverty_Line_(India)" title="Below Poverty Line (India)">BPL</A></LI>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/Public_Distribution_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Distribution System">Public Distribution System</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Remittances_to_India" title="Remittances to India">Remittances</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Reverse_brain_drain#India" title="Reverse brain drain">Reverse brain drain</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_slums_in_India" title="List of slums in India">Slums</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Standard_of_living_in_India" title="Standard of living in India">Standard of living</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hawker_(trade)" title="Hawker (trade)">Street vendors</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Transport_in_India" title="Transport in India">Transport</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Urbanisation_in_India" title="Urbanisation in India">Urbanisation</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Unemployment_in_India" title="Unemployment in India">Unemployment</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Income_inequality_in_India" title="Income inequality in India">Widening income gap</A></LI>
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Education_in_India" title="Education in India">Education</A></TH>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/Literacy_in_India" title="Literacy in India">Literacy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ragging_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Ragging in India">Ragging</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/School_corporal_punishment#India" title="School corporal punishment">School corporal punishment</A></LI>
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_India" title="Environmental issues in India">Environment</A></TH>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/Conservation_in_India" title="Conservation in India">Conservation</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Effects_of_global_warming_on_South_Asia" title="Effects of global warming on South Asia">Global warming</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Manual_scavenging" title="Manual scavenging">Manual scavenging</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Natural_disasters_in_India" title="Natural disasters in India">Natural disasters</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_India#Major_issues" title="Environmental issues in India">Pollution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_India" title="Water supply and sanitation in India">Water supply and sanitation</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Water_disputes_in_India" title="Category:Water disputes in India">Water disputes</A></LI>
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</TH>
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<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cohabitation_in_India" title="Cohabitation in India">Cohabitation</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Divorce#India" title="Divorce">Divorce</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Domestic_violence_in_India" title="Domestic violence in India">Domestic violence</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Dowry_system_in_India" title="Dowry system in India">Dowry system</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Family_planning_in_India" title="Family planning in India">Family planning</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hindu_joint_family" title="Hindu joint family">Hindu joint family</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Infertility" title="Infertility">Infertility</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nuclear_family" title="Nuclear family">Nuclear family</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Polyandry_in_India" title="Polyandry in India">Polyandry</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Polygamy_in_India" title="Polygamy in India">Polygamy</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
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<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Children</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
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<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Abortion_in_India" title="Abortion in India">Abortion</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Child_labour_in_India" title="Child labour in India">Child labour</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Child_marriage_in_India" title="Child marriage in India">Child marriage</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Child_prostitution" title="Child prostitution">Child prostitution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Child_trafficking_in_India" title="Child trafficking in India">Child trafficking</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Female_foeticide_in_India" title="Female foeticide in India">Female foeticide</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Female_infanticide_in_India" title="Female infanticide in India">Female infanticide</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Street_children_in_India" title="Street children in India">Street children</A></LI>
</UL>
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Women_in_India" title="Women in India">Women</A></TH>
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<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Acid_throwing" title="Acid throwing">Acid throwing</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bride_burning" title="Bride burning">Bride burning</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Devadasi" title="Devadasi">Devadasi</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Dowry_death" title="Dowry death">Dowry death</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eve_teasing" title="Eve teasing">Eve teasing</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Women%27s_health_in_India" title="Women's health in India">Women's health</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Feminism_in_India" title="Feminism in India">Feminism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Menstrual_taboo" title="Menstrual taboo">Menstrual taboo</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_India" title="Prostitution in India">Prostitution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rape_in_India" title="Rape in India">Rape</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sati_(practice)" title="Sati (practice)">Sati</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sexism_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexism in India">Sexism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Widows" class="mw-redirect" title="Widows">Widows</A></LI>
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<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Caste_system_in_India" title="Caste system in India">Caste system</A></TH>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/Caste_politics_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Caste politics in India">Caste politics</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Caste-related_violence_in_India" title="Caste-related violence in India">Caste-related violence</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Dalit" title="Dalit">Dalit</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Reservation_in_India" title="Reservation in India">Reservation</A></LI>
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<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Communalism_(South_Asia)" title="Communalism (South Asia)">Communalism</A></TH>
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<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_proposed_states_and_territories_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of proposed states and territories of India">Proposed states and territories</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ethnic_relations_in_India" title="Ethnic relations in India">Ethnic relations</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Religious_conflicts_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious conflicts in India">Religious conflicts</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Religious_violence_in_India" title="Religious violence in India">Religious violence</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Secularism_in_India" title="Secularism in India">Secularism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Separatist_movements_of_India" title="Separatist movements of India">Separatist movements</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
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</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Crime_in_India" title="Crime in India">Crime</A></TH>
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<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Corruption_in_India" title="Corruption in India">Corruption</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Groom_kidnapping" title="Groom kidnapping">Groom kidnapping</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_India" title="Human trafficking in India">Human trafficking</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Illegal_housing_in_India" title="Illegal housing in India">Illegal housing</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal immigration in India">Illegal immigration</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mining_scam_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining scam in India">Illegal mining</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Organised_crime_in_India" title="Organised crime in India">Organised crime</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_India" title="Terrorism in India">Terrorism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Vigilantism_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Vigilantism in India">Vigilantism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cybercrime_in_India" title="Cybercrime in India">Cybercrime</A></LI>
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_India" title="Healthcare in India">Health</A></TH>
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<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Epidemics_in_India" title="Category:Epidemics in India">Epidemics</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS_in_India" title="HIV/AIDS in India">HIV/AIDS</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Leprosy_in_India" title="Leprosy in India">Leprosy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Malnutrition_in_India" title="Malnutrition in India">Malnutrition</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Obesity_in_India" title="Obesity in India">Obesity</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Suicide_in_India" title="Suicide in India">Suicide</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
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<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Media_of_India" title="Media of India">Media</A></TH>
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<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Censorship_in_India" title="Censorship in India">Censorship</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_India" title="Internet censorship in India">Internet</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Films_about_social_issues_in_India" title="Category:Films about social issues in India">Films about social issues</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Freedom_of_expression_in_India" title="Freedom of expression in India">Freedom of expression</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Social_impact_of_Indian_soap_opera" class="mw-redirect" title="Social impact of Indian soap opera">Social impact of Indian soap opera</A></LI>
</UL>
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<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other issues</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
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<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_feudalism" title="Indian feudalism">Feudalism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gambling_in_India" title="Gambling in India">Gambling</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hijra_(South_Asia)" title="Hijra (South Asia)">Hijra</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Homosexuality_in_India" title="Homosexuality in India">Homosexuality</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_India" title="Human rights in India">Human rights</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Alcohol_prohibition_in_India" title="Alcohol prohibition in India">Prohibition</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Religious_and_spiritual_use_of_cannabis#Ancient_and_modern_Indian_use" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious and spiritual use of cannabis">Religious and spiritual use of cannabis</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Superstition_in_India" title="Superstition in India">Superstitions</A></LI>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/Areca_nut_production_in_India" title="Areca nut production in India">Areca nut</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Coconut_production_in_India" title="Coconut production in India">Coconut</A> (<A href="/wiki/Coconut_production_in_Kerala" title="Coconut production in Kerala">in Kerala</A>)</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Coffee_production_in_India" title="Coffee production in India">Coffee</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Fenugreek_production_in_India" title="Fenugreek production in India">Fenugreek</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rice_production_in_India" title="Rice production in India">Rice</A></LI>
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Law and politics</TH>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Agriculture_%26_Farmers_Welfare" title="Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare">Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Protection_of_Plant_Varieties_and_Farmers%27_Rights_Act,_2001" title="Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Act, 2001">Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Act, 2001</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Krishi_Vikas_Yojana" title="Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana">Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Biological_Diversity_Act,_2002" title="Biological Diversity Act, 2002">Biological Diversity Act, 2002</A></LI>
</UL>
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<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/History_of_agriculture_in_the_Indian_subcontinent" title="History of agriculture in the Indian subcontinent">History</A></TH>
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<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Farming_systems_in_India" title="Farming systems in India">Farming systems</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Green_Revolution_in_India" title="Green Revolution in India">Green Revolution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_ancient_Tamil_country" title="Agriculture in ancient Tamil country">History in ancient Tamil countries</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/History_of_tea_in_India" title="History of tea in India">History of tea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Women_in_agriculture_in_India" title="Women in agriculture in India">Women in agriculture</A></LI>
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Companies</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
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<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bayer_CropScience_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Bayer CropScience Limited">Bayer CropScience Limited</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mahyco" title="Mahyco">Mahyco</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pantnagar_Seeds" title="Pantnagar Seeds">Pantnagar Seeds</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Reuters_Market_Light" title="Reuters Market Light">Reuters Market Light</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Suminter_India_Organics" title="Suminter India Organics">Suminter India Organics</A></LI>
</UL>
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</TH>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/Tractors_in_India" title="Tractors in India">Tractors in India</A></LI>
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document_title: Agriculture in India

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question_text: make a project report on agricultural crops grown in india