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<H1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" lang="en">Dead Sea</H1>			<DIV id="bodyContent" class="mw-body-content">
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				<DIV id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><DIV class="mw-parser-output"><DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the novel, see <A href="/wiki/Dead_Sea_(novel)" title="Dead Sea (novel)">Dead Sea (novel)</A>.</DIV>
<TABLE class="infobox vcard" style="width:22em">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH colspan="2" class="fn org" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background-color: #cedeff; font-size: 125%;">Dead Sea<BR />
<SPAN class="nickname"><SPAN class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 115%; font-family: 'Ezra SIL', 'Ezra SIL SR', 'Keter Aram Tsova', 'Taamey Ashkenaz', 'Taamey David CLM', 'Taamey Frank CLM', 'Frenk Ruehl CLM', 'Keter YG', 'Shofar', 'David CLM', 'Hadasim CLM', 'Simple CLM', 'Nachlieli', 'SBL BibLit', 'SBL Hebrew', Cardo, Alef, 'Noto Serif Hebrew', 'Noto Sans Hebrew', 'David Libre', David, 'Times New Roman', Gisha, Arial, FreeSerif, FreeSans;" dir="rtl">ים המלח</SPAN> <SMALL><SPAN class="languageicon">(in Hebrew)</SPAN></SMALL><BR />
<SPAN lang="ar" title="Arabic language text">البحر الميت</SPAN> <SMALL><SPAN class="languageicon">(in Arabic)</SPAN></SMALL></SPAN></TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="2" style="text-align:center;line-height: 1.2; border-bottom: 1px solid #cedeff;"><A href="/wiki/File:Dead_Sea_by_David_Shankbone.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="Dead Sea by David Shankbone.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Dead_Sea_by_David_Shankbone.jpg/250px-Dead_Sea_by_David_Shankbone.jpg" width="250" height="188" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Dead_Sea_by_David_Shankbone.jpg/375px-Dead_Sea_by_David_Shankbone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Dead_Sea_by_David_Shankbone.jpg/500px-Dead_Sea_by_David_Shankbone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></A>
<DIV>A view of the sea from the <A href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israeli</A> shore</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR class="adr">
<TH scope="row">Location</TH>
<TD class="region"><A href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</A><BR />
<A href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</A><BR />
<A href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine">Palestine</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row"><SPAN title="Geographical coordinates">Coordinates</SPAN></TH>
<TD><SPAN class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><A class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Dead_Sea&params=31_30_N_35_30_E_type:waterbody"><SPAN class="geo-default"><SPAN class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><SPAN class="latitude">31°30′N</SPAN> <SPAN class="longitude">35°30′E</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class="geo-multi-punct"> / </SPAN><SPAN class="geo-nondefault"><SPAN class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">31.500°N 35.500°E</SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> / <SPAN class="geo">31.500; 35.500</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style="font-size: small;"><SPAN id="coordinates"><A href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</A>: <SPAN class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><A class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Dead_Sea&params=31_30_N_35_30_E_type:waterbody"><SPAN class="geo-default"><SPAN class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><SPAN class="latitude">31°30′N</SPAN> <SPAN class="longitude">35°30′E</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class="geo-multi-punct"> / </SPAN><SPAN class="geo-nondefault"><SPAN class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">31.500°N 35.500°E</SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> / <SPAN class="geo">31.500; 35.500</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/Lake#Types_of_lakes" title="Lake">Lake type</A></TH>
<TD class="category"><A href="/wiki/Endorheic_basin" title="Endorheic basin">Endorheic</A><BR />
<A href="/wiki/Hypersaline_lake" title="Hypersaline lake">Hypersaline</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/Inflow_(hydrology)" title="Inflow (hydrology)"><SPAN title="Primary inflows: rivers, streams, precipitation">Primary inflows</SPAN></A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Jordan_River" title="Jordan River">Jordan River</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/Discharge_(hydrology)" title="Discharge (hydrology)"><SPAN title="Primary outflows: rivers, streams, evaporation">Primary outflows</SPAN></A></TH>
<TD><I>None</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/Drainage_basin" title="Drainage basin">Catchment area</A></TH>
<TD>41,650 km<SUP>2</SUP> (16,080 sq mi)</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/Drainage_basin" title="Drainage basin">Basin</A> countries</TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</A><BR />
<A href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</A><BR />
<A href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine">Palestine</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: #cedeff 1px solid"></TH>
</TR>
<TR class="note">
<TH scope="row">Max. length</TH>
<TD>50 km (31 mi)<SUP id="cite_ref-JVL_1-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-JVL-1">[1]</A></SUP> (northern basin only)</TD>
</TR>
<TR class="note">
<TH scope="row">Max. width</TH>
<TD>15 km (9.3 mi)<SUP id="cite_ref-JVL_1-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-JVL-1">[1]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR class="note">
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_by_area" title="List of lakes by area">Surface area</A></TH>
<TD>605 km<SUP>2</SUP> (234 sq mi) <SMALL>(2016)</SMALL><SUP id="cite_ref-HRTZ_2-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-HRTZ-2">[2]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR class="note">
<TH scope="row">Average depth</TH>
<TD>199 m (653 ft)<SUP id="cite_ref-ilec_3-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ilec-3">[3]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR class="note">
<TH scope="row">Max. depth</TH>
<TD>298 m (978 ft) (elevation of deepest point, 728 m BSL [below sea level], minus current surface elevation)</TD>
</TR>
<TR class="note">
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_by_volume" title="List of lakes by volume">Water volume</A></TH>
<TD>114 km<SUP>3</SUP> (27 cu mi)<SUP id="cite_ref-ilec_3-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ilec-3">[3]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR class="note">
<TH scope="row">Shore length<SUP>1</SUP></TH>
<TD>135 km (84 mi)</TD>
</TR>
<TR class="note">
<TH scope="row">Surface elevation</TH>
<TD>−430.5 m (−1,412 ft) <SMALL>(2016)</SMALL><SUP id="cite_ref-ISRAMAR_4-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ISRAMAR-4">[4]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: #cedeff 1px solid"></TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row">References</TH>
<TD class="note"><SUP id="cite_ref-ilec_3-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ilec-3">[3]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-ISRAMAR_4-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ISRAMAR-4">[4]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size: smaller; border-bottom: 1px solid #cedeff; border-top: 1px solid #cedeff"><SUP>1</SUP> Shore length is <A href="/wiki/Coastline_paradox" title="Coastline paradox">not a well-defined measure</A>.</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
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<DIV id="mwe_player_0" class="PopUpMediaTransform" style="width:300px;" videopayload="<div class="mediaContainer" style="width:640px"><video id="mwe_player_1" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Channel2_-_Dead_Sea.webm/640px--Channel2_-_Dead_Sea.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" autoplay="" style="width:640px;height:480px" class="kskin" data-durationhint="81.039" data-startoffset="0" data-mwtitle="Channel2_-_Dead_Sea.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Channel2_-_Dead_Sea.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp8, vorbis&quot;" data-title="Original WebM file, 768 × 576 (922 kbps)" data-shorttitle="WebM source" data-width="768" data-height="576" data-bandwidth="921681" data-framerate="25"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/Channel2_-_Dead_Sea.webm/Channel2_-_Dead_Sea.webm.480p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp8, vorbis&quot;" data-title="SD WebM (480P)" data-shorttitle="WebM 480P" data-transcodekey="480p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="480" data-bandwidth="1105680" data-framerate="25"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/Channel2_-_Dead_Sea.webm/Channel2_-_Dead_Sea.webm.160p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp8, vorbis&quot;" data-title="Low bandwidth WebM (160P)" data-shorttitle="WebM 160P" data-transcodekey="160p.webm" data-width="214" data-height="160" data-bandwidth="239784" data-framerate="25"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/Channel2_-_Dead_Sea.webm/Channel2_-_Dead_Sea.webm.240p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp8, vorbis&quot;" data-title="Small WebM (240P)" data-shorttitle="WebM 240P" data-transcodekey="240p.webm" data-width="320" data-height="240" data-bandwidth="329696" data-framerate="25"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/Channel2_-_Dead_Sea.webm/Channel2_-_Dead_Sea.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp8, vorbis&quot;" data-title="WebM (360P)" data-shorttitle="WebM 360P" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" data-bandwidth="583560" data-framerate="25"/></video></div>"><IMG alt="File:Channel2 - Dead Sea.webm" style="width:300px;height:225px" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Channel2_-_Dead_Sea.webm/300px--Channel2_-_Dead_Sea.webm.jpg" /><A href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Channel2_-_Dead_Sea.webm" title="Play media" target="new"><SPAN class="play-btn-large"><SPAN class="mw-tmh-playtext">Play media</SPAN></SPAN></A></DIV>
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Short video about the Dead Sea from the <A href="/wiki/Israeli_News_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli News Company">Israeli News Company</A></DIV>
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<P>The <B>Dead Sea</B> (<A href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</A>: <SPAN class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 115%; font-family: 'Ezra SIL', 'Ezra SIL SR', 'Keter Aram Tsova', 'Taamey Ashkenaz', 'Taamey David CLM', 'Taamey Frank CLM', 'Frenk Ruehl CLM', 'Keter YG', 'Shofar', 'David CLM', 'Hadasim CLM', 'Simple CLM', 'Nachlieli', 'SBL BibLit', 'SBL Hebrew', Cardo, Alef, 'Noto Serif Hebrew', 'Noto Sans Hebrew', 'David Libre', David, 'Times New Roman', Gisha, Arial, FreeSerif, FreeSans;" dir="rtl">יָם הַמֶּלַח</SPAN> <SPAN class="unicode haudio"><SPAN class="fn"><SPAN style="white-space:nowrap"><A href="/wiki/File:He-Dead_Sea.ogg" title="About this sound"><IMG alt="About this sound" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png" width="11" height="11" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/17px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/22px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></A> </SPAN><A href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/He-Dead_Sea.ogg" class="internal" title="He-Dead Sea.ogg"><I>Yam ha-Melah</I></A></SPAN></SPAN> lit. <B>Sea of Salt</B>; <A href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</A>: <SPAN lang="ar" dir="rtl">البحر الميت</SPAN> <SPAN class="unicode haudio"><SPAN class="fn"><SPAN style="white-space:nowrap"><A href="/wiki/File:ArDeadSea.ogg" title="About this sound"><IMG alt="About this sound" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png" width="11" height="11" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/17px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/22px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></A> </SPAN><A href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/ArDeadSea.ogg" class="internal" title="ArDeadSea.ogg"><I>Al-Bahr al-Mayyit</I></A></SPAN></SPAN><SUP id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_5-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-5">[5]</A></SUP>) is a <A href="/wiki/Salt_lake" title="Salt lake">salt lake</A> bordered by <A href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</A> to the east and <A href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</A> and <A href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine">Palestine</A> to the west. Its surface and shores are 430.5 metres (1,412 ft) below <A href="/wiki/Sea_level" title="Sea level">sea level</A>,<SUP id="cite_ref-ISRAMAR_4-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ISRAMAR-4">[4]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-Hshah_6-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Hshah-6">[6]</A></SUP> Earth's <A href="/wiki/Lowest_elevations" class="mw-redirect" title="Lowest elevations">lowest elevation</A> on land. The Dead Sea is 304 m (997 ft) deep, the deepest <A href="/wiki/Hypersaline_lake" title="Hypersaline lake">hypersaline lake</A> in the world. With a <A href="/wiki/Salinity" title="Salinity">salinity</A> of 342 g/kg, or 34.2%, (in 2011), it is 9.6 times as <A href="/wiki/Seawater#Salinity" title="Seawater">salty as the ocean</A> and one of the <A href="/wiki/List_of_bodies_of_water_by_salinity" title="List of bodies of water by salinity">world's saltiest bodies of water</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-7">[7]</A></SUP> This salinity makes for a harsh environment in which plants and animals cannot flourish, hence its name. The Dead Sea is 50 kilometres (31 mi) long and 15 kilometres (9 mi) wide at its widest point.<SUP id="cite_ref-JVL_1-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-JVL-1">[1]</A></SUP> It lies in the <A href="/wiki/Jordan_Rift_Valley" title="Jordan Rift Valley">Jordan Rift Valley</A>, and its main <A href="/wiki/Tributary" title="Tributary">tributary</A> is the <A href="/wiki/Jordan_River" title="Jordan River">Jordan River</A>.</P>
<P>The Dead Sea has attracted visitors from around the <A href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Basin" title="Mediterranean Basin">Mediterranean basin</A> for thousands of years. It was one of the world's first health resorts (for <A href="/wiki/Herod_the_Great" title="Herod the Great">Herod the Great</A>), and it has been the supplier of a wide variety of products, from asphalt for <A href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">Egyptian</A> <A href="/wiki/Mummy" title="Mummy">mummification</A> to <A href="/wiki/Potash" title="Potash">potash</A> for <A href="/wiki/Fertiliser" class="mw-redirect" title="Fertiliser">fertilisers</A>. People also use the salt and the minerals from the Dead Sea to create <A href="/wiki/Cosmetics" title="Cosmetics">cosmetics</A> and herbal <A href="/wiki/Sachet_(scented_bag)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sachet (scented bag)">sachets</A>.</P>
<P>The Dead <A href="/wiki/Seawater" title="Seawater">Seawater</A> has a <A href="/wiki/Density" title="Density">density</A> of 1.24 kg/litre, which makes swimming similar to <A href="/wiki/Buoyancy" title="Buoyancy">floating</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-8">[8]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-9">[9]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The Dead Sea is receding at an alarming rate. Multiple canals and pipelines were proposed to reduce its recession, which had begun causing many problems. The <A href="/wiki/Red_Sea%E2%80%93Dead_Sea_Water_Conveyance" title="Red Sea–Dead Sea Water Conveyance">Red Sea–Dead Sea Water Conveyance</A> project, carried out by <A href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</A>, will provide water to neighbouring countries, while the brine will be carried to the Dead Sea to help stabilise its levels. The first phase of the project is scheduled to begin in 2018 and be completed in 2021.<SUP id="cite_ref-JT_10-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-JT-10">[10]</A></SUP></P>
<P></P>
<DIV id="toc" class="toc">
<DIV class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr">
<H2>Contents</H2>
<SPAN class="toctoggle"> [<A role="button" tabindex="0" class="togglelink">hide</A>] </SPAN></DIV>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><A href="#Etymology_and_toponymy"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Etymology and toponymy</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><A href="#Geography"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Geography</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><A href="#Natural_history"><SPAN class="tocnumber">3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Natural history</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><A href="#Climate"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Climate</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><A href="#Chemistry"><SPAN class="tocnumber">5</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Chemistry</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><A href="#Putative_therapies"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Putative therapies</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><A href="#Psoriasis"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Psoriasis</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><A href="#Rhinosinusitis"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Rhinosinusitis</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><A href="#Osteoarthritis"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6.3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Osteoarthritis</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><A href="#Fauna_and_flora"><SPAN class="tocnumber">7</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Fauna and flora</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><A href="#Human_settlement"><SPAN class="tocnumber">8</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Human settlement</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><A href="#Human_history"><SPAN class="tocnumber">9</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Human history</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><A href="#Biblical_period"><SPAN class="tocnumber">9.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Biblical period</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><A href="#Greek_and_Roman_period"><SPAN class="tocnumber">9.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Greek and Roman period</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><A href="#Byzantine_period"><SPAN class="tocnumber">9.3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Byzantine period</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><A href="#Modern_times"><SPAN class="tocnumber">9.4</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Modern times</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><A href="#Tourism_and_leisure"><SPAN class="tocnumber">10</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Tourism and leisure</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><A href="#British_Mandate_period"><SPAN class="tocnumber">10.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">British Mandate period</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19"><A href="#Israel"><SPAN class="tocnumber">10.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Israel</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-20"><A href="#Jordan"><SPAN class="tocnumber">10.3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Jordan</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-21"><A href="#West_Bank"><SPAN class="tocnumber">10.4</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">West Bank</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><A href="#Chemical_industry"><SPAN class="tocnumber">11</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Chemical industry</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-23"><A href="#British_Mandate_period_2"><SPAN class="tocnumber">11.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">British Mandate period</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-24"><A href="#Israel_2"><SPAN class="tocnumber">11.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Israel</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-25"><A href="#Jordan_2"><SPAN class="tocnumber">11.3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Jordan</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-26"><A href="#West_Bank_2"><SPAN class="tocnumber">11.4</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">West Bank</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-27"><A href="#Extraction"><SPAN class="tocnumber">11.5</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Extraction</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-28"><A href="#Recession_and_environmental_concerns"><SPAN class="tocnumber">12</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Recession and environmental concerns</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-29"><A href="#See_also"><SPAN class="tocnumber">13</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">See also</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-30"><A href="#References"><SPAN class="tocnumber">14</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">References</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-31"><A href="#Further_reading"><SPAN class="tocnumber">15</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Further reading</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-32"><A href="#External_links"><SPAN class="tocnumber">16</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">External links</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
<P></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Etymology_and_toponymy">Etymology and toponymy</SPAN></H2>
<P>In Hebrew, the Dead Sea is <I><SPAN class="unicode haudio"><SPAN class="fn"><SPAN style="white-space:nowrap"><A href="/wiki/File:He-Dead_Sea.ogg" title="About this sound"><IMG alt="About this sound" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png" width="11" height="11" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/17px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/22px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></A> </SPAN><A href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/He-Dead_Sea.ogg" class="internal" title="He-Dead Sea.ogg">Yām ha-Melaḥ</A></SPAN> <SMALL class="metadata audiolinkinfo" style="cursor:help;">(<A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_help" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Media help"><SPAN style="cursor:help;">help</SPAN></A>·<A href="/wiki/File:He-Dead_Sea.ogg" title="File:He-Dead Sea.ogg"><SPAN style="cursor:help;">info</SPAN></A>)</SMALL></SPAN></I> (<SPAN class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 115%; font-family: 'Ezra SIL', 'Ezra SIL SR', 'Keter Aram Tsova', 'Taamey Ashkenaz', 'Taamey David CLM', 'Taamey Frank CLM', 'Frenk Ruehl CLM', 'Keter YG', 'Shofar', 'David CLM', 'Hadasim CLM', 'Simple CLM', 'Nachlieli', 'SBL BibLit', 'SBL Hebrew', Cardo, Alef, 'Noto Serif Hebrew', 'Noto Sans Hebrew', 'David Libre', David, 'Times New Roman', Gisha, Arial, FreeSerif, FreeSans;" dir="rtl">ים המלח</SPAN>), meaning "sea of <A href="/wiki/Salt" title="Salt">salt</A>" (<A href="/wiki/Book_of_Genesis" title="Book of Genesis">Genesis</A> 14:3). The Bible uses this term alongside two others: the Sea of the Arabah (<I>Yām ha-‘Ărāvâ</I> <SPAN class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 115%; font-family: 'Ezra SIL', 'Ezra SIL SR', 'Keter Aram Tsova', 'Taamey Ashkenaz', 'Taamey David CLM', 'Taamey Frank CLM', 'Frenk Ruehl CLM', 'Keter YG', 'Shofar', 'David CLM', 'Hadasim CLM', 'Simple CLM', 'Nachlieli', 'SBL BibLit', 'SBL Hebrew', Cardo, Alef, 'Noto Serif Hebrew', 'Noto Sans Hebrew', 'David Libre', David, 'Times New Roman', Gisha, Arial, FreeSerif, FreeSans;" dir="rtl">ים הערבה</SPAN>), and the Eastern Sea (<I>Yām ha-Mizraḥî</I> <SPAN class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 115%; font-family: 'Ezra SIL', 'Ezra SIL SR', 'Keter Aram Tsova', 'Taamey Ashkenaz', 'Taamey David CLM', 'Taamey Frank CLM', 'Frenk Ruehl CLM', 'Keter YG', 'Shofar', 'David CLM', 'Hadasim CLM', 'Simple CLM', 'Nachlieli', 'SBL BibLit', 'SBL Hebrew', Cardo, Alef, 'Noto Serif Hebrew', 'Noto Sans Hebrew', 'David Libre', David, 'Times New Roman', Gisha, Arial, FreeSerif, FreeSans;" dir="rtl">ים המזרחי</SPAN>). The designation "Dead Sea" never appears in the Bible.</P>
<P>In prose sometimes the term <I>Yām ha-Māvet</I> (<SPAN class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 115%; font-family: 'Ezra SIL', 'Ezra SIL SR', 'Keter Aram Tsova', 'Taamey Ashkenaz', 'Taamey David CLM', 'Taamey Frank CLM', 'Frenk Ruehl CLM', 'Keter YG', 'Shofar', 'David CLM', 'Hadasim CLM', 'Simple CLM', 'Nachlieli', 'SBL BibLit', 'SBL Hebrew', Cardo, Alef, 'Noto Serif Hebrew', 'Noto Sans Hebrew', 'David Libre', David, 'Times New Roman', Gisha, Arial, FreeSerif, FreeSans;" dir="rtl">ים המוות</SPAN>, "sea of death") is used, due to the scarcity of aquatic life there.<SUP id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-11">[11]</A></SUP> In <A href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</A> the Dead Sea is called <SPAN class="unicode haudio"><SPAN class="fn"><SPAN style="white-space:nowrap"><A href="/wiki/File:ArDeadSea.ogg" title="About this sound"><IMG alt="About this sound" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png" width="11" height="11" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/17px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/22px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></A> </SPAN><A href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/ArDeadSea.ogg" class="internal" title="ArDeadSea.ogg"><I>al-Bahr al-Mayyit</I></A></SPAN> <SMALL class="metadata audiolinkinfo" style="cursor:help;">(<A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_help" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Media help"><SPAN style="cursor:help;">help</SPAN></A>·<A href="/wiki/File:ArDeadSea.ogg" title="File:ArDeadSea.ogg"><SPAN style="cursor:help;">info</SPAN></A>)</SMALL></SPAN><SUP id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_5-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-5">[5]</A></SUP> ("the Dead Sea"), or less commonly <I>baḥrᵘ lūṭᵃ</I> (<SPAN lang="ar" title="Arabic language text">بحر لوط</SPAN>, "the Sea of <A href="/wiki/Lot_(Bible)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lot (Bible)">Lot</A>"). Another historic name in Arabic was the "Sea of <A href="/wiki/Neve_Zohar" title="Neve Zohar">Zoʼar</A>", after a nearby town in biblical times. The Greeks called it <I>Lake Asphaltites</I> (<A href="/wiki/Attic_Greek" title="Attic Greek">Attic Greek</A> <SPAN lang="grc" title="Ancient Greek language text">ἡ Θάλαττα ἀσφαλτῖτης</SPAN>, <I>hē Thálatta asphaltĩtēs</I>, "the Asphaltite<SUP id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-12">[12]</A></SUP> sea").</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Geography">Geography</SPAN></H2>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Dead_Sea_Galilee.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Dead_Sea_Galilee.jpg/220px-Dead_Sea_Galilee.jpg" width="220" height="364" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Dead_Sea_Galilee.jpg/330px-Dead_Sea_Galilee.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Dead_Sea_Galilee.jpg/440px-Dead_Sea_Galilee.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1162" data-file-height="1920" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Dead_Sea_Galilee.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
<A href="/wiki/Satellite_photography" class="mw-redirect" title="Satellite photography">Satellite photograph</A> showing the location of the Dead Sea east of the Mediterranean Sea</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<P>The Dead Sea is an <A href="/wiki/Endorheic_basin" title="Endorheic basin">endorheic lake</A> located in the <A href="/wiki/Jordan_Rift_Valley" title="Jordan Rift Valley">Jordan Rift Valley</A>, a geographic feature formed by the <A href="/wiki/Dead_Sea_Transform" title="Dead Sea Transform">Dead Sea Transform</A> (DST). This left lateral-moving <A href="/wiki/Transform_fault" title="Transform fault">transform fault</A> lies along the <A href="/wiki/Tectonics" title="Tectonics">tectonic</A> <A href="/wiki/Plate_tectonics" title="Plate tectonics">plate boundary</A> between the <A href="/wiki/African_Plate" title="African Plate">African Plate</A> and the <A href="/wiki/Arabian_Plate" title="Arabian Plate">Arabian Plate</A>. It runs between the <A href="/wiki/East_Anatolian_Fault" title="East Anatolian Fault">East Anatolian Fault</A> zone in <A href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</A> and the northern end of the <A href="/wiki/Red_Sea_Rift" title="Red Sea Rift">Red Sea Rift</A> offshore of the southern tip of <A href="/wiki/Sinai_Peninsula" title="Sinai Peninsula">Sinai</A>. It is here that the Upper Jordan River/Sea of Galilee/Lower Jordan River water system comes to an end.</P>
<P>The <A href="/wiki/Jordan_River" title="Jordan River">Jordan River</A> is the only major water source flowing into the Dead Sea, although there are small perennial springs under and around the Dead Sea, forming pools and <A href="/wiki/Quicksand" title="Quicksand">quicksand</A> pits along the edges.<SUP id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-13">[13]</A></SUP> There are no outlet streams.</P>
<P>The Mujib River, biblical Arnon, is one the larger water sources of the Dead Sea other than the Jordan.<SUP id="cite_ref-RSDSC_14-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-RSDSC-14">[14]</A></SUP> The <A href="/wiki/Wadi_Mujib" title="Wadi Mujib">Wadi Mujib</A> valley, 420 m below the sea level in the southern of Jordan valley, is a <A href="/wiki/Man_and_the_Biosphere_Programme#Biosphere_reserves" title="Man and the Biosphere Programme">biosphere reserve</A>, with an area of 212 <A href="/wiki/Square_kilometre" title="Square kilometre">km<SUP>2</SUP></A> (82 <A href="/wiki/Square_mile" title="Square mile">sq mi</A>).<SUP id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-15">[15]</A></SUP> Other more substantial sources are Wadi Darajeh (Arabic)/Nahal Dragot (Hebrew), and <A href="/wiki/Ein_Gedi" title="Ein Gedi">Nahal Arugot</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-RSDSC_14-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-RSDSC-14">[14]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Wadi_Hasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Wadi Hasa">Wadi Hasa</A> (biblical Zered) is another <A href="/wiki/Wadi" title="Wadi">wadi</A> flowing into the Dead Sea.</P>
<P>Rainfall is scarcely 100 mm (4 in) per year in the northern part of the Dead Sea and barely 50 mm (2 in) in the southern part.<SUP id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-16">[16]</A></SUP> The Dead Sea zone's aridity is due to the <A href="/wiki/Rain_shadow" title="Rain shadow">rainshadow</A> effect of the <A href="/wiki/Judaean_Mountains" title="Judaean Mountains">Judaean Mountains</A>. The highlands east of the Dead Sea receive more rainfall than the Dead Sea itself.</P>
<P>To the west of the Dead Sea, the Judaean mountains rise less steeply and are much lower than the mountains to the east. Along the southwestern side of the lake is a 210 m (700 ft) tall <A href="/wiki/Halite" title="Halite">halite</A> formation called "<A href="/wiki/Mount_Sodom" title="Mount Sodom">Mount Sodom</A>".</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Natural_history">Natural history</SPAN></H2>
<P>There are two contending hypotheses about the origin of the low elevation of the Dead Sea. The older hypothesis is that the Dead Sea lies in a true rift zone, an extension of the <A href="/wiki/Red_Sea_Rift" title="Red Sea Rift">Red Sea Rift</A>, or even of the <A href="/wiki/Great_Rift_Valley_(geographical_concept)" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Rift Valley (geographical concept)">Great Rift Valley</A> of <A href="/wiki/East_Africa" title="East Africa">eastern Africa</A>. A more recent hypothesis is that the Dead Sea basin is a consequence of a "step-over" discontinuity along the Dead Sea Transform, creating an extension of the crust with consequent subsidence.</P>
<P>Around 3.7 million years ago,<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2011)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP> what is now the valley of the Jordan River, Dead Sea, and the northern <A href="/wiki/Arabah" title="Arabah">Wadi Arabah</A> was repeatedly inundated by waters from the <A href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</A>. The waters formed in a narrow, crooked bay that is called by geologists the <A href="/w/index.php?title=Sedom_Lagoon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sedom Lagoon (page does not exist)">Sedom Lagoon</A>, which was connected to the sea through what is now the <A href="/wiki/Jezreel_Valley" title="Jezreel Valley">Jezreel Valley</A>. The floods of the valley came and went depending on long-scale <A href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</A>. The Sedom Lagoon<SUP id="cite_ref-Stein_17-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Stein-17">[17]</A></SUP> deposited beds of salt that eventually became 2.5 km (1.55 mi) thick.</P>
<P>Approximately two million years ago,<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2011)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP> the land between the <A href="/wiki/Rift_valley" title="Rift valley">Rift Valley</A> and the Mediterranean Sea rose to such an extent that the ocean could no longer flood the area. Thus, the long lagoon became a landlocked lake. The Sedom Lagoon extended at its maximum from the <A href="/wiki/Sea_of_Galilee" title="Sea of Galilee">Sea of Galilee</A> in the north to somewhere around 50 km (30 mi) south of the current southern end of the Dead Sea, and the subsequent lakes obviously never surpassed this expanse. The <A href="/wiki/Hula_Valley" title="Hula Valley">Hula Depression</A> was never part of any of these water bodies due to its higher elevation and the high threshold of the <A href="/wiki/Chorazin#Geomorphology" title="Chorazin">Korazim block</A> separating it from the Sea of Galilee basin.<SUP id="cite_ref-Springer_Science_&_Business_Media_18-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Springer_Science_&_Business_Media-18">[18]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The first prehistoric lake to follow the Sedom Lagoon is named <A href="/w/index.php?title=Lake_Amora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lake Amora (page does not exist)">Lake Amora</A>, followed by <A href="/wiki/Lake_Lisan" title="Lake Lisan">Lake Lisan</A> and finally by the Dead Sea.<SUP id="cite_ref-Stein_17-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Stein-17">[17]</A></SUP> The water levels and salinity of these lakes have either risen or fallen as an effect of the tectonic dropping of the valley bottom, and due to climate variation. As the climate became more arid, Lake Lisan finally shrank and became saltier, leaving the Dead Sea as its last remainder.<SUP id="cite_ref-Stein_17-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Stein-17">[17]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-Springer_Science_&_Business_Media_18-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Springer_Science_&_Business_Media-18">[18]</A></SUP></P>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:SaltCementedPebblesDeadSea.JPG" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/SaltCementedPebblesDeadSea.JPG/220px-SaltCementedPebblesDeadSea.JPG" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/SaltCementedPebblesDeadSea.JPG/330px-SaltCementedPebblesDeadSea.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/SaltCementedPebblesDeadSea.JPG/440px-SaltCementedPebblesDeadSea.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:SaltCementedPebblesDeadSea.JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
Pebbles cemented with <A href="/wiki/Halite" title="Halite">halite</A> on the western shore of the Dead Sea near Ein Gedi.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<P>In <A href="/wiki/Prehistory" title="Prehistory">prehistoric times</A>, great amounts of sediment collected on the floor of Lake Amora. The sediment was heavier than the salt deposits and squeezed the salt deposits upwards into what are now the <A href="/wiki/Lisan_Peninsula" title="Lisan Peninsula">Lisan Peninsula</A> and <A href="/wiki/Mount_Sodom" title="Mount Sodom">Mount Sodom</A> (on the southwest side of the lake). Geologists explain the effect in terms of a bucket of mud into which a large flat stone is placed, forcing the mud to creep up the sides of the bucket. When the floor of the Dead Sea dropped further due to tectonic forces, the salt mounts of Lisan and Mount Sodom stayed in place as high cliffs (see <A href="/wiki/Salt_dome" title="Salt dome">salt dome</A>).</P>
<P>From 70,000 to 12,000 years ago, the lake's level was 100 m (330 ft) to 250 m (820 ft) higher than its current level. This lake, Lake Lisan, fluctuated dramatically, rising to its highest level around 26,000 years ago, indicating a very wet climate in the <A href="/wiki/Near_East" title="Near East">Near East</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-SocietySociety1971_19-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-SocietySociety1971-19">[19]</A></SUP> Around 10,000 years ago, the lake's level dropped dramatically, probably to even lower than today's. During the last several thousand years, the lake has fluctuated approximately 400 m (1,300 ft), with some significant drops and rises. Current theories as to the cause of this dramatic drop in levels rule out <A href="/wiki/Volcano" title="Volcano">volcanic activity</A>; therefore, it may have been a seismic event.</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Climate">Climate</SPAN></H2>
<P>The Dead Sea's climate offers year-round sunny skies and dry air. It has less than 50 millimetres (2 in) mean annual rainfall and a summer average temperature between 32 and 39 °C (90 and 102 °F). Winter average temperatures range between 20 and 23 °C (68 and 73 °F). The region has weaker <A href="/wiki/Ultraviolet" title="Ultraviolet">ultraviolet radiation</A>, particularly the UVB (erythrogenic rays). Given the higher <A href="/wiki/Atmospheric_pressure" title="Atmospheric pressure">atmospheric pressure</A>, the air has a slightly higher <A href="/wiki/Oxygen" title="Oxygen">oxygen</A> content (3.3% in summer to 4.8% in winter) as compared to oxygen concentration at sea level.<SUP id="cite_ref-DSRC_20-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-DSRC-20">[20]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-21">[21]</A></SUP> Barometric pressures at the Dead Sea were measured between 1061 and 1065 hPa and clinically compared with health effects at higher altitude.<SUP id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-22">[22]</A></SUP> (This barometric measure is about 5% higher than sea level standard atmospheric pressure of 1013.25 hPa, which is the global ocean mean or ATM.) The Dead Sea affects temperatures nearby because of the moderating effect a large body of water has on climate. During the winter, sea temperatures tend to be higher than land temperatures, and vice versa during the summer months. This is the result of the water's mass and <A href="/wiki/Specific_heat_capacity" class="mw-redirect" title="Specific heat capacity">specific heat capacity</A>. On average, there are 192 days above 30C (86F) annually.<SUP id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-23">[23]</A></SUP></P>
<TABLE class="wikitable collapsible" style="width:90%; text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height: 1.2em; margin:auto;" id="collapsibleTable0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH colspan="14"><SPAN class="collapseButton">[<A id="collapseButton0" href="#">hide</A>]</SPAN>Climate data for Dead Sea, Sedom (390 m below sea level)</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row">Month</TH>
<TH scope="col">Jan</TH>
<TH scope="col">Feb</TH>
<TH scope="col">Mar</TH>
<TH scope="col">Apr</TH>
<TH scope="col">May</TH>
<TH scope="col">Jun</TH>
<TH scope="col">Jul</TH>
<TH scope="col">Aug</TH>
<TH scope="col">Sep</TH>
<TH scope="col">Oct</TH>
<TH scope="col">Nov</TH>
<TH scope="col">Dec</TH>
<TH scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year</TH>
</TR>
<TR style="text-align: center;">
<TH scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F)</TH>
<TD style="background: #FF6800; color:#000000;">26.4<BR />
(79.5)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF4C00; color:#000000;">30.4<BR />
(86.7)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF3500; color:#000000;">33.8<BR />
(92.8)</TD>
<TD style="background: #F10000; color:#FFFFFF;">42.5<BR />
(108.5)</TD>
<TD style="background: #CE0000; color:#FFFFFF;">45.0<BR />
(113)</TD>
<TD style="background: #BB0000; color:#FFFFFF;">46.4<BR />
(115.5)</TD>
<TD style="background: #B30000; color:#FFFFFF;">47.0<BR />
(116.6)</TD>
<TD style="background: #D50000; color:#FFFFFF;">44.5<BR />
(112.1)</TD>
<TD style="background: #E20000; color:#FFFFFF;">43.6<BR />
(110.5)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF0A00; color:#FFFFFF;">40.0<BR />
(104)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;">35.0<BR />
(95)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF5900; color:#000000;">28.5<BR />
(83.3)</TD>
<TD style="background: #B30000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium">47.0<BR />
(116.6)</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="text-align: center;">
<TH scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average high °C (°F)</TH>
<TD style="background: #FF9022; color:#000000;">20.5<BR />
(68.9)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;">21.7<BR />
(71.1)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;">24.8<BR />
(76.6)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;">29.9<BR />
(85.8)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF3200; color:#000000;">34.1<BR />
(93.4)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF1A00; color:#000000;">37.6<BR />
(99.7)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF0C00; color:#FFFFFF;">39.7<BR />
(103.5)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF;">39.0<BR />
(102.2)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF2200; color:#000000;">36.5<BR />
(97.7)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF3E00; color:#000000;">32.4<BR />
(90.3)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF6400; color:#000000;">26.9<BR />
(80.4)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;">21.7<BR />
(71.1)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF4C00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium">30.4<BR />
(86.7)</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="text-align: center;">
<TH scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F)</TH>
<TD style="background: #FFAB58; color:#000000;">16.6<BR />
(61.9)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FFA449; color:#000000;">17.7<BR />
(63.9)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF8E1E; color:#000000;">20.8<BR />
(69.4)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;">25.4<BR />
(77.7)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF5300; color:#000000;">29.4<BR />
(84.9)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF3D00; color:#000000;">32.6<BR />
(90.7)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF2E00; color:#000000;">34.7<BR />
(94.5)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF3000; color:#000000;">34.5<BR />
(94.1)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF3E00; color:#000000;">32.4<BR />
(90.3)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;">28.6<BR />
(83.5)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;">23.1<BR />
(73.6)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FFA246; color:#000000;">17.9<BR />
(64.2)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium">26.1<BR />
(79)</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="text-align: center;">
<TH scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average low °C (°F)</TH>
<TD style="background: #FFC68D; color:#000000;">12.7<BR />
(54.9)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FFBF80; color:#000000;">13.7<BR />
(56.7)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;">16.7<BR />
(62.1)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF8D1C; color:#000000;">20.9<BR />
(69.6)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;">24.7<BR />
(76.5)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000;">27.6<BR />
(81.7)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000;">29.6<BR />
(85.3)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;">29.9<BR />
(85.8)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;">28.3<BR />
(82.9)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;">24.7<BR />
(76.5)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;">19.3<BR />
(66.7)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FFBC7A; color:#000000;">14.1<BR />
(57.4)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF870F; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium">21.9<BR />
(71.4)</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="text-align: center;">
<TH scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F)</TH>
<TD style="background: #FFF8F2; color:#000000;">5.4<BR />
(41.7)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;">6.0<BR />
(42.8)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FFE6CE; color:#000000;">8.0<BR />
(46.4)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FFCE9E; color:#000000;">11.5<BR />
(52.7)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;">19.0<BR />
(66.2)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;">23.0<BR />
(73.4)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;">26.0<BR />
(78.8)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF6500; color:#000000;">26.8<BR />
(80.2)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;">24.2<BR />
(75.6)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FFA852; color:#000000;">17.0<BR />
(62.6)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FFDAB5; color:#000000;">9.8<BR />
(49.6)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;">6.0<BR />
(42.8)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FFF8F2; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium">5.4<BR />
(41.7)</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="text-align: center;">
<TH scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <A href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</A> mm (inches)</TH>
<TD style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;">7.8<BR />
(0.307)</TD>
<TD style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;">9.0<BR />
(0.354)</TD>
<TD style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;">7.6<BR />
(0.299)</TD>
<TD style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;">4.3<BR />
(0.169)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;">0.2<BR />
(0.008)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;">0.0<BR />
(0)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;">0.0<BR />
(0)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;">0.0<BR />
(0)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;">0.0<BR />
(0)</TD>
<TD style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;">1.2<BR />
(0.047)</TD>
<TD style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;">3.5<BR />
(0.138)</TD>
<TD style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;">8.3<BR />
(0.327)</TD>
<TD style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium">41.9<BR />
(1.65)</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="text-align: center;">
<TH scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days</TH>
<TD style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;">3.3</TD>
<TD style="background: #CFCFFF; color:#000000;">3.5</TD>
<TD style="background: #E0E0FF; color:#000000;">2.5</TD>
<TD style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;">1.3</TD>
<TD style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;">0.2</TD>
<TD style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;">0.0</TD>
<TD style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;">0.0</TD>
<TD style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;">0.0</TD>
<TD style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;">0.0</TD>
<TD style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;">0.4</TD>
<TD style="background: #EAEAFF; color:#000000;">1.6</TD>
<TD style="background: #DCDCFF; color:#000000;">2.8</TD>
<TD style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium">15.6</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="text-align: center;">
<TH scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <A href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</A> (%)</TH>
<TD style="background: #6262FF; color:#FFFFFF;">41</TD>
<TD style="background: #6D6DFF; color:#000000;">38</TD>
<TD style="background: #8080FF; color:#000000;">33</TD>
<TD style="background: #9797FF; color:#000000;">27</TD>
<TD style="background: #A3A3FF; color:#000000;">24</TD>
<TD style="background: #A7A7FF; color:#000000;">23</TD>
<TD style="background: #A3A3FF; color:#000000;">24</TD>
<TD style="background: #9797FF; color:#000000;">27</TD>
<TD style="background: #8888FF; color:#000000;">31</TD>
<TD style="background: #8080FF; color:#000000;">33</TD>
<TD style="background: #7575FF; color:#000000;">36</TD>
<TD style="background: #6262FF; color:#FFFFFF;">41</TD>
<TD style="background: #8686FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium">31.5</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: Israel Meteorological Service<SUP id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-24">[24]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Chemistry">Chemistry</SPAN></H2>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Dead_Sea_Halite_View_031712.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Dead_Sea_Halite_View_031712.jpg/220px-Dead_Sea_Halite_View_031712.jpg" width="220" height="149" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Dead_Sea_Halite_View_031712.jpg/330px-Dead_Sea_Halite_View_031712.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Dead_Sea_Halite_View_031712.jpg/440px-Dead_Sea_Halite_View_031712.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2712" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Dead_Sea_Halite_View_031712.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
Halite deposits (and teepee structure) along the western Dead Sea coast.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Halite_Dead_Sea_Beach_Pebbles.JPG" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Halite_Dead_Sea_Beach_Pebbles.JPG/220px-Halite_Dead_Sea_Beach_Pebbles.JPG" width="220" height="181" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Halite_Dead_Sea_Beach_Pebbles.JPG/330px-Halite_Dead_Sea_Beach_Pebbles.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Halite_Dead_Sea_Beach_Pebbles.JPG/440px-Halite_Dead_Sea_Beach_Pebbles.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2892" data-file-height="2376" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Halite_Dead_Sea_Beach_Pebbles.JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
Beach pebbles made of <A href="/wiki/Halite" title="Halite">halite</A>; western Dead Sea coast.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<P>With 34.2% <A href="/wiki/Salinity" title="Salinity">salinity</A> (in 2011), it is one of the <A href="/wiki/List_of_bodies_of_water_by_salinity" title="List of bodies of water by salinity">world's saltiest bodies of water</A>, though <A href="/wiki/Lake_Vanda" title="Lake Vanda">Lake Vanda</A> in <A href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</A> (35%), <A href="/wiki/Lake_Assal_(Djibouti)" title="Lake Assal (Djibouti)">Lake Assal</A> in <A href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</A> (34.8%), Lagoon <A href="/wiki/Garabogazk%C3%B6l" title="Garabogazköl">Garabogazköl</A> in the <A href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</A> (up to 35%) and some hypersaline ponds and lakes of the <A href="/wiki/McMurdo_Dry_Valleys" title="McMurdo Dry Valleys">McMurdo Dry Valleys</A> in <A href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</A> (such as <A href="/wiki/Don_Juan_Pond" title="Don Juan Pond">Don Juan Pond</A> (44%)) have reported higher salinities.</P>
<P>Until the winter of 1978–79, when a major mixing event took place,<SUP id="cite_ref-overturn_25-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-overturn-25">[25]</A></SUP> the Dead Sea was composed of two stratified layers of water that differed in temperature, density, age, and salinity. The topmost 35 meters (115 ft) or so of the Dead Sea had an average salinity of 342 <A href="/wiki/Concentration" title="Concentration">parts per thousand</A> (in 2002), and a temperature that swung between 19 °C (66 °F) and 37 °C (99 °F). Underneath a zone of transition, the lowest level of the Dead Sea had waters of a consistent 22 °C (72 °F) temperature and complete saturation of <A href="/wiki/Sodium_chloride" title="Sodium chloride">sodium chloride</A> (NaCl).<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2007)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP> Since the water near the bottom is <A href="/wiki/Saturation_(chemistry)" title="Saturation (chemistry)">saturated</A>, the salt precipitates out of solution onto the <A href="/wiki/Seabed" title="Seabed">sea floor</A>.</P>
<P>Beginning in the 1960s, water inflow to the Dead Sea from the Jordan River was reduced as a result of large-scale irrigation and generally low rainfall. By 1975, the upper water layer was saltier than the lower layer. Nevertheless, the upper layer remained suspended above the lower layer because its waters were warmer and thus less dense. When the upper layer cooled so its density was greater than the lower layer, the waters mixed (1978–79). For the first time in centuries, the lake was a homogeneous body of water. Since then, <A href="/wiki/Stratification_(water)" title="Stratification (water)">stratification</A> has begun to redevelop.<SUP id="cite_ref-overturn_25-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-overturn-25">[25]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The mineral content of the Dead Sea is very different from that of ocean water. The exact composition of the Dead Sea water varies mainly with season, depth and temperature. In the early 1980s, the concentration of ionic species (in g/kg) of Dead Sea surface water was Cl<SUP>−</SUP> (181.4), Br<SUP>−</SUP> (4.2), SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2−</SUP> (0.4), HCO<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>−</SUP> (0.2), Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> (14.1), Na<SUP>+</SUP> (32.5), K<SUP>+</SUP> (6.2) and Mg<SUP>2+</SUP> (35.2). The total salinity was 276 g/kg.<SUP id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-26">[26]</A></SUP> These results show that the composition of the salt, as anhydrous chlorides on a weight percentage basis, was <A href="/wiki/Calcium_chloride" title="Calcium chloride">calcium chloride</A> (CaCl<SUB>2</SUB>) 14.4%, <A href="/wiki/Potassium_chloride" title="Potassium chloride">potassium chloride</A> (KCl) 4.4%, <A href="/wiki/Magnesium_chloride" title="Magnesium chloride">magnesium chloride</A> (MgCl<SUB>2</SUB>) 50.8% and <A href="/wiki/Sodium_chloride" title="Sodium chloride">sodium chloride</A> (NaCl) 30.4%. In comparison, the salt in the water of most <A href="/wiki/Ocean" title="Ocean">oceans</A> and <A href="/wiki/Sea" title="Sea">seas</A> is approximately 85% <A href="/wiki/Sodium_chloride" title="Sodium chloride">sodium chloride</A>. The concentration of <A href="/wiki/Sulfate" title="Sulfate">sulfate</A> ions (SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2−</SUP>) is very low, and the concentration of <A href="/wiki/Bromide" title="Bromide">bromide</A> ions (Br<SUP>−</SUP>) is the highest of all waters on Earth.</P>
<P>The salt concentration of the Dead Sea fluctuates around 31.5%. This is unusually high and results in a nominal density of 1.24 kg/l. Anyone can easily float in the Dead Sea because of natural <A href="/wiki/Buoyancy" title="Buoyancy">buoyancy</A>. In this respect the Dead Sea is similar to the <A href="/wiki/Great_Salt_Lake" title="Great Salt Lake">Great Salt Lake</A> in <A href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</A> in the United States.</P>
<P>An unusual feature of the Dead Sea is its discharge of <A href="/wiki/Asphalt" title="Asphalt">asphalt</A>. From deep <A href="/wiki/Petroleum_seep" title="Petroleum seep">seeps</A>, the Dead Sea constantly spits up small pebbles and blocks of the black substance.<SUP id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-27">[27]</A></SUP> Asphalt-coated figurines and bitumen-coated <A href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</A> skulls from <A href="/wiki/Archaeological" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaeological">archaeological</A> sites have been found. <A href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">Egyptian</A> <A href="/wiki/Mummification" class="mw-redirect" title="Mummification">mummification</A> processes used asphalt imported from the Dead Sea region.<SUP id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-28">[28]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-29">[29]</A></SUP></P>
<DIV style="clear:both;"></DIV>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Putative_therapies">Putative therapies</SPAN></H2>
<TABLE class="plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation">
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<TD class="mbox-image">
<DIV style="width:52px"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" width="40" height="40" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></DIV>
</TD>
<TD class="mbox-text">
<DIV class="mbox-text-span">This article <B>needs more <A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)">medical references</A> for <A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</A> or relies too heavily on primary sources</B>. <SPAN class="hide-when-compact">Please review the contents of the article and <A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dead_Sea&action=edit">add the appropriate references</A> if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and <A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</A>.</SPAN> <SMALL><I>(March 2015)</I></SMALL></DIV>
</TD>
<TD class="mbox-imageright">
<DIV style="width:52px"><A href="/wiki/File:Rod_of_Asclepius2.svg" class="image"><IMG alt="Rod of Asclepius2.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Rod_of_Asclepius2.svg/12px-Rod_of_Asclepius2.svg.png" width="12" height="40" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Rod_of_Asclepius2.svg/18px-Rod_of_Asclepius2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Rod_of_Asclepius2.svg/25px-Rod_of_Asclepius2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="251" data-file-height="804" /></A></DIV>
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<P>The Dead Sea area has become a location for <A href="/wiki/Health" title="Health">health</A> <A href="/wiki/Research" title="Research">research</A> and potential treatment for several reasons. The mineral content of the water, the low content of <A href="/wiki/Pollen" title="Pollen">pollens</A> and other <A href="/wiki/Allergen" title="Allergen">allergens</A> in the <A href="/wiki/Earth%27s_atmosphere" class="mw-redirect" title="Earth's atmosphere">atmosphere</A>, the reduced <A href="/wiki/Ultraviolet" title="Ultraviolet">ultraviolet</A> component of <A href="/wiki/Sunlight" title="Sunlight">solar radiation</A>, and the higher <A href="/wiki/Atmospheric_pressure" title="Atmospheric pressure">atmospheric pressure</A> at this great depth each may have specific <A href="/wiki/Health_effect" title="Health effect">health effects</A>. For example, persons experiencing reduced <A href="/wiki/Respiration_(physiology)" title="Respiration (physiology)">respiratory</A> function from <A href="/wiki/Disease" title="Disease">diseases</A> such as <A href="/wiki/Cystic_fibrosis" title="Cystic fibrosis">cystic fibrosis</A> seem to benefit from the increased atmospheric pressure.<SUP id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-30">[30]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The region's climate and low elevation have made it a popular center for assessment of putative therapies:</P>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Climatotherapy" title="Climatotherapy">Climatotherapy</A>: Treatment which exploits local climatic features such as <A href="/wiki/Temperature" title="Temperature">temperature</A>, <A href="/wiki/Humidity" title="Humidity">humidity</A>, <A href="/wiki/Sunlight" title="Sunlight">sunshine</A>, <A href="/wiki/Atmospheric_pressure" title="Atmospheric pressure">barometric pressure</A> and special atmospheric constituents</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Light_therapy" title="Light therapy">Heliotherapy</A>: Treatment that exploits the biological effects of the <A href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">sun</A>'s radiation</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Thalassotherapy" title="Thalassotherapy">Thalassotherapy</A>: Treatment that exploits bathing in Dead Sea <A href="/wiki/Water" title="Water">water</A></LI>
</UL>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Psoriasis">Psoriasis</SPAN></H3>
<P>Climatotherapy at the Dead Sea may be a therapy for <A href="/wiki/Psoriasis" title="Psoriasis">psoriasis</A><SUP id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-31">[31]</A></SUP> by sunbathing for long periods in the area due to its position below sea level and subsequent result that <A href="/wiki/UV_rays" class="mw-redirect" title="UV rays">UV rays</A> are partially blocked by the increased <A href="/wiki/Cloud_cover" title="Cloud cover">cloud cover</A> over the Dead Sea.<SUP id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-32">[32]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Rhinosinusitis">Rhinosinusitis</SPAN></H3>
<P><A href="/wiki/Rhinosinusitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhinosinusitis">Rhinosinusitis</A> patients receiving Dead Sea saline <A href="/wiki/Nasal_irrigation" title="Nasal irrigation">nasal irrigation</A> exhibited improved symptom relief compared to standard <A href="/wiki/Hypertonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Hypertonic">hypertonic</A> saline spray in one study.<SUP id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-33">[33]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Osteoarthritis">Osteoarthritis</SPAN></H3>
<P>Dead Sea mud pack therapy has been suggested to temporarily relieve pain in patients with <A href="/wiki/Osteoarthritis" title="Osteoarthritis">osteoarthritis</A> of the knees. According to researchers of the <A href="/wiki/Ben_Gurion_University_of_the_Negev" class="mw-redirect" title="Ben Gurion University of the Negev">Ben Gurion University of the Negev</A>, treatment with mineral-rich mud compresses can be used to augment conventional medical therapy.<SUP id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-34">[34]</A></SUP></P>
<DIV class="thumb noresize tnone" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right:auto; overflow:hidden; width:auto; max-width:1608px;">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="">
<DIV class="overflowbugx" style="overflow:auto;"><A href="/wiki/File:Deadsea_panorama.jpg" class="image" title="Panorama of the Dead Sea from the Mövenpick Resort, Jordan."><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Deadsea_panorama.jpg/1600px-Deadsea_panorama.jpg" width="1600" height="293" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Deadsea_panorama.jpg/2400px-Deadsea_panorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Deadsea_panorama.jpg/3200px-Deadsea_panorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7655" data-file-height="1402" /></A></DIV>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Deadsea_panorama.jpg" title="File:Deadsea panorama.jpg"></A></DIV>
Panorama of the Dead Sea from the <A href="/wiki/M%C3%B6venpick_Hotels_%26_Resorts" title="Mövenpick Hotels & Resorts">Mövenpick</A> Resort, Jordan.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Fauna_and_flora">Fauna and flora</SPAN></H2>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Dead_Sea_Sunrise.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Dead_Sea_Sunrise.jpg/220px-Dead_Sea_Sunrise.jpg" width="220" height="146" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Dead_Sea_Sunrise.jpg/330px-Dead_Sea_Sunrise.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Dead_Sea_Sunrise.jpg/440px-Dead_Sea_Sunrise.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1620" data-file-height="1072" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Dead_Sea_Sunrise.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
Dead Sea in the morning, seen from <A href="/wiki/Masada" title="Masada">Masada</A></DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<P>The sea is called "dead" because its high salinity prevents macroscopic aquatic organisms, such as fish and <A href="/wiki/Aquatic_plant" title="Aquatic plant">aquatic plants</A>, from living in it, though minuscule quantities of bacteria and microbial fungi are present.</P>
<P>In times of flood, the salt content of the Dead Sea can drop from its usual 35% to 30% or lower. The Dead Sea temporarily comes to life in the wake of rainy winters. In 1980, after one such rainy winter, the normally dark blue Dead Sea turned red. Researchers from <A href="/wiki/Hebrew_University_of_Jerusalem" title="Hebrew University of Jerusalem">Hebrew University of Jerusalem</A> found the Dead Sea to be teeming with a type of <A href="/wiki/Alga" class="mw-redirect" title="Alga">alga</A> called <I><A href="/wiki/Dunaliella" title="Dunaliella">Dunaliella</A></I>. <I>Dunaliella</I> in turn nourished <A href="/wiki/Carotenoid" title="Carotenoid">carotenoid</A>-containing (red-<A href="/wiki/Pigment" title="Pigment">pigmented</A>) <A href="/wiki/Halobacteria" class="mw-redirect" title="Halobacteria">halobacteria</A>, whose presence caused the color change. Since 1980, the Dead Sea basin has been dry and the algae and the bacteria have not returned in measurable numbers.</P>
<P>In 2011 a group of scientists from Be'er Sheva, Israel and Germany discovered fissures in the floor of the Dead Sea by scuba diving and observing the surface. These fissures allow fresh and brackish water to enter the Dead Sea. They sampled biofilms surrounding the fissures and discovered numerous species of bacteria and archaea.<SUP id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-35">[35]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Many animal species live in the mountains surrounding the Dead Sea. Hikers can see <A href="/wiki/Ibex" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibex">ibex</A>, <A href="/wiki/Hare" title="Hare">hares</A>, <A href="/wiki/Hyrax" title="Hyrax">hyraxes</A>, <A href="/wiki/Jackal" title="Jackal">jackals</A>, <A href="/wiki/Fox" title="Fox">foxes</A>, and even <A href="/wiki/Arabian_Leopard" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabian Leopard">leopards</A>. Hundreds of <A href="/wiki/Bird" title="Bird">bird</A> species inhabit the zone as well. Both Jordan and Israel have established <A href="/wiki/Nature_reserve" title="Nature reserve">nature reserves</A> around the Dead Sea.</P>
<P>The delta of the Jordan River was formerly a <A href="/wiki/Jungle" title="Jungle">jungle</A> of <A href="/wiki/Cyperus_papyrus" title="Cyperus papyrus">papyrus</A> and <A href="/wiki/Arecaceae" title="Arecaceae">palm trees</A>. The Jewish historian <A href="/wiki/Josephus" title="Josephus">Flavius Josephus</A> described <A href="/wiki/Jericho" title="Jericho">Jericho</A> as "the most fertile spot in <A href="/wiki/Judea" title="Judea">Judea</A>". In <A href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Roman</A> and <A href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine</A> times, <A href="/wiki/Sugarcane" title="Sugarcane">sugarcane</A>,<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute"><SPAN title="The material near this tag is possibly inaccurate or nonfactual. (October 2015)">dubious</SPAN></A> <SPAN class="metadata">– <A href="/wiki/Talk:Dead_Sea#Fatimid_and_Crusader_period_only,_unless_proven_differently." title="Talk:Dead Sea">discuss</A></SPAN></I>]</SUP> <A href="/wiki/Henna" title="Henna">henna</A>, and <A href="/wiki/Ficus_sycomorus" title="Ficus sycomorus">sycamore fig</A> all made the lower Jordan valley wealthy. One of the most valuable products produced by Jericho was the <A href="/wiki/Balsam_of_Mecca" class="mw-redirect" title="Balsam of Mecca">sap</A> of the <A href="/wiki/Commiphora" title="Commiphora">balsam</A> tree, which could be made into <A href="/wiki/Perfume" title="Perfume">perfume</A>. By the 19th century, Jericho's fertility had disappeared.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute"><SPAN title="The material near this tag is possibly inaccurate or nonfactual. (October 2015)">dubious</SPAN></A> <SPAN class="metadata">– <A href="/wiki/Talk:Dead_Sea#Really?_Why?_Source?_Jordan,_other_streams_still_there,_population_and_water_needs_low." title="Talk:Dead Sea">discuss</A></SPAN></I>]</SUP></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Human_settlement">Human settlement</SPAN></H2>
<P>There are several small communities near the Dead Sea. These include <A href="/wiki/Ein_Gedi" title="Ein Gedi">Ein Gedi</A>, <A href="/wiki/Neve_Zohar" title="Neve Zohar">Neve Zohar</A> and the <A href="/wiki/Israeli_settlement" title="Israeli settlement">Israeli settlements</A> in the <A href="/wiki/Megilot_Regional_Council" title="Megilot Regional Council">Megilot Regional Council</A>: <A href="/wiki/Kalya" title="Kalya">Kalya</A>, <A href="/wiki/Mitzpe_Shalem" title="Mitzpe Shalem">Mitzpe Shalem</A> and <A href="/wiki/Avnat" title="Avnat">Avnat</A>. There is a nature preserve at Ein Gedi, and several Dead Sea hotels are located on the southwest end at <A href="/wiki/Ein_Bokek" title="Ein Bokek">Ein Bokek</A> near Neve Zohar. <A href="/wiki/Highway_90_(Israel)" title="Highway 90 (Israel)">Highway 90</A> runs north-south on the Israeli side for a total distance of 565 km (351 mi) from <A href="/wiki/Metula" title="Metula">Metula</A> on the <A href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanese</A> border in the north to its southern terminus at the <A href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egyptian</A> border near the <A href="/wiki/Red_Sea" title="Red Sea">Red Sea</A> port of <A href="/wiki/Eilat" title="Eilat">Eilat</A>.</P>
<P><A href="/wiki/Potash_City" title="Potash City">Potash City</A> is a small community on the Jordanian side of the Dead Sea, and others including Suweima. <A href="/wiki/Highway_65_(Jordan)" title="Highway 65 (Jordan)">Highway 65</A> runs north-south on the Jordanian side from near Jordan's northern tip down past the Dead Sea to the port of <A href="/wiki/Aqaba" title="Aqaba">Aqaba</A>.</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Human_history">Human history</SPAN></H2>
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<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:MountSodom061607.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/MountSodom061607.jpg/220px-MountSodom061607.jpg" width="220" height="144" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/MountSodom061607.jpg/330px-MountSodom061607.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/MountSodom061607.jpg/440px-MountSodom061607.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3228" data-file-height="2116" /></A>
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<A href="/wiki/Mount_Sodom" title="Mount Sodom">Mount Sodom</A>, Israel, showing the so-called "<A href="/wiki/Lot%27s_Wife" class="mw-redirect" title="Lot's Wife">Lot's Wife</A>" pillar (made of <A href="/wiki/Halite" title="Halite">halite</A> like the rest of the mountain)</DIV>
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<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Madaba_BW_9_THERMA_KALLIROIS_highlighted.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Madaba_BW_9_THERMA_KALLIROIS_highlighted.jpg/220px-Madaba_BW_9_THERMA_KALLIROIS_highlighted.jpg" width="220" height="75" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Madaba_BW_9_THERMA_KALLIROIS_highlighted.jpg/330px-Madaba_BW_9_THERMA_KALLIROIS_highlighted.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Madaba_BW_9_THERMA_KALLIROIS_highlighted.jpg/440px-Madaba_BW_9_THERMA_KALLIROIS_highlighted.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3263" data-file-height="1116" /></A>
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A cargo boat on the Dead Sea as seen on the <A href="/wiki/Madaba_Map" title="Madaba Map">Madaba Map</A>, from the 6th century AD</DIV>
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<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Biblical_period">Biblical period</SPAN></H3>
<P>Dwelling in caves near the Dead Sea is recorded in the <A href="/wiki/Hebrew_Bible" title="Hebrew Bible">Hebrew Bible</A> as having taken place before the <A href="/wiki/Israelites" title="Israelites">Israelites</A> came to <A href="/wiki/Canaan" title="Canaan">Canaan</A>, and extensively at the time of King <A href="/wiki/David" title="David">David</A>.</P>
<P>Just northwest of the Dead Sea is <A href="/wiki/Jericho" title="Jericho">Jericho</A>. Somewhere, perhaps on the southeastern shore, would be the cities mentioned in the <A href="/wiki/Book_of_Genesis" title="Book of Genesis">Book of Genesis</A> which were said to have been destroyed in the time of <A href="/wiki/Abraham" title="Abraham">Abraham</A>: <A href="/wiki/Sodom_and_Gomorrah" title="Sodom and Gomorrah">Sodom and Gomorra</A> (Genesis 18) and the three other "Cities of the Plain", <A href="/wiki/Admah" title="Admah">Admah</A>, <A href="/wiki/Zeboim_(Hebrew_Bible)" title="Zeboim (Hebrew Bible)">Zeboim</A> and <A href="/wiki/Zoara" title="Zoara">Zoar</A> (Deuteronomy 29:23). Zoar escaped destruction when Abraham's nephew <A href="/wiki/Lot_(Bible)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lot (Bible)">Lot</A> escaped to Zoar from Sodom (Genesis 19:21-22). Before the destruction, the Dead Sea was a valley full of natural <A href="/wiki/Tar_pit" title="Tar pit">tar pits</A>, which was called the <B>vale of Siddim</B>. King David was said to have hidden from <A href="/wiki/Saul" title="Saul">Saul</A> at Ein Gedi nearby.</P>
<P>In <A href="/wiki/Book_of_Ezekiel" title="Book of Ezekiel">Ezekiel</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt1247.htm#8">47:8-9</A> there is a specific prophecy that the sea will "be healed and made fresh", becoming a normal lake capable of supporting <A href="/wiki/Marine_biology" title="Marine biology">marine life</A>. A similar prophecy is stated in <A href="/wiki/Book_of_Zechariah" title="Book of Zechariah">Zechariah</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt2314.htm#8">14:8</A>, which says that "living waters will go out from <A href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</A>, half of them to the eastern sea [likely the Dead Sea] and half to the western sea [the <A href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean</A>]."</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Greek_and_Roman_period">Greek and Roman period</SPAN></H3>
<P><A href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</A> wrote about the remarkable waters. The <A href="/wiki/Nabataeans" title="Nabataeans">Nabateans</A> and others discovered the value of the globs of natural <A href="/wiki/Asphalt" title="Asphalt">asphalt</A> that constantly floated to the surface where they could be harvested with nets. The Egyptians were steady customers, as they used asphalt in the <A href="/wiki/Embalming" title="Embalming">embalming</A> process that created <A href="/wiki/Mummy" title="Mummy">mummies</A>. The <A href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Ancient Romans</A> knew the Dead Sea as "<I>Palus Asphaltites</I>"<SUP id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-36">[36]</A></SUP> (Asphalt Lake).</P>
<P>King <A href="/wiki/Herod_the_Great" title="Herod the Great">Herod the Great</A> built or rebuilt several fortresses and palaces on the western bank of the Dead Sea. The most famous was <A href="/wiki/Masada" title="Masada">Masada</A>, where in 70 CE a small group of Jewish <A href="/wiki/Zealotry" class="mw-redirect" title="Zealotry">zealots</A> fled after the fall of the destruction of the <A href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(70)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Jerusalem (70)">Second Temple</A>. The zealots survived until 73 CE, when a siege by the <A href="/wiki/Roman_legion" title="Roman legion">X Legion</A> ended in the deaths by suicide of its 960 inhabitants. Another historically important fortress was <A href="/wiki/Machaerus" title="Machaerus">Machaerus</A> (מכוור), on the eastern bank, where, according to Josephus, <A href="/wiki/John_the_Baptist" title="John the Baptist">John the Baptist</A> was imprisoned by <A href="/wiki/Herod_Antipas" title="Herod Antipas">Herod Antipas</A> and died.<SUP id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-37">[37]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Also in Roman times, some <A href="/wiki/Essenes" title="Essenes">Essenes</A> settled on the Dead Sea's western shore; <A href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny the Elder</A> identifies their location with the words, "on the west side of the Dead Sea, away from the coast ... [above] the town of Engeda" (<I>Natural History</I>, Bk 5.73); and it is therefore a hugely popular but contested hypothesis today, that same Essenes are identical with the settlers at <A href="/wiki/Qumran" title="Qumran">Qumran</A> and that "the <A href="/wiki/Dead_Sea_Scrolls" title="Dead Sea Scrolls">Dead Sea Scrolls</A>" discovered during the 20th century in the nearby caves had been their own library.</P>
<P><A href="/wiki/Josephus" title="Josephus">Josephus</A> identified the Dead Sea in geographic proximity to the ancient Biblical city of <A href="/wiki/Sodom_and_Gomorrah" title="Sodom and Gomorrah">Sodom</A>. However, he referred to the lake by its Greek name, Asphaltites.<SUP id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-38">[38]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Various sects of Jews settled in caves overlooking the Dead Sea. The best known of these are the <A href="/wiki/Essenes" title="Essenes">Essenes</A> of <A href="/wiki/Qumran" title="Qumran">Qumran</A>, who left an extensive library known as the <A href="/wiki/Dead_Sea_Scrolls" title="Dead Sea Scrolls">Dead Sea Scrolls</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-39">[39]</A></SUP> The town of <A href="/wiki/Ein_Gedi" title="Ein Gedi">Ein Gedi</A>, mentioned many times in the <A href="/wiki/Mishna" class="mw-redirect" title="Mishna">Mishna</A>, produced <A href="/wiki/Persimmon" title="Persimmon">persimmon</A> for the temple's fragrance and for export, using a secret recipe. "Sodomite salt" was an essential mineral for the temple's holy incense, but was said to be dangerous for home use and could cause blindness.<SUP id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-40">[40]</A></SUP> The Roman camps surrounding <A href="/wiki/Masada" title="Masada">Masada</A> were built by Jewish slaves receiving water from the towns around the lake. These towns had drinking water from the Ein Feshcha springs and other sweetwater springs in the vicinity.<SUP id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-41">[41]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Byzantine_period">Byzantine period</SPAN></H3>
<P>Intimately connected with the Judean wilderness to its northwest and west, the Dead Sea was a place of escape and refuge. The remoteness of the region attracted <A href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Church" title="Greek Orthodox Church">Greek Orthodox</A> <A href="/wiki/Monk" title="Monk">monks</A> since the <A href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine</A> era. Their <A href="/wiki/Monastery" title="Monastery">monasteries</A>, such as <A href="/wiki/Saint_George" title="Saint George">Saint George</A> in Wadi Kelt and <A href="/wiki/Mar_Saba" title="Mar Saba">Mar Saba</A> in the <A href="/wiki/Judaean_Desert" title="Judaean Desert">Judaean Desert</A>, are places of <A href="/wiki/Pilgrimage" title="Pilgrimage">pilgrimage</A>.</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Modern_times">Modern times</SPAN></H3>
<P>In the 19th century the River Jordan and the Dead Sea were explored by boat primarily by <A href="/wiki/Christopher_Costigan" title="Christopher Costigan">Christopher Costigan</A> in 1835, <A href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Howard_Molyneux&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Howard Molyneux (page does not exist)">Thomas Howard Molyneux</A> in 1847, <A href="/wiki/William_Francis_Lynch" class="mw-redirect" title="William Francis Lynch">William Francis Lynch</A> in 1848, and <A href="/wiki/John_MacGregor_(sportsman)" title="John MacGregor (sportsman)">John MacGregor</A> in 1869.<SUP id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-42">[42]</A></SUP> The full text of W. F. Lynch's 1949 book <I><A href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Narrative_Of_The_United_States_Expedition_To_The_River_Jordan_And_The_Dead_Sea" class="extiw" title="s:Narrative Of The United States Expedition To The River Jordan And The Dead Sea">Narrative of the United States' Expedition to the River Jordan and the Dead Sea</A></I> is available online. <A href="/wiki/Charles_Leonard_Irby" title="Charles Leonard Irby">Charles Leonard Irby</A> and <A href="/wiki/James_Mangles_(Royal_Navy_officer)" title="James Mangles (Royal Navy officer)">James Mangles</A> travelled along the shores of the Dead Sea already in 1817-18, but didn't navigate on its waters.<SUP id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-43">[43]</A></SUP></P>
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<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:World%27s_lowest_point_(1971).jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/World%27s_lowest_point_%281971%29.jpg/220px-World%27s_lowest_point_%281971%29.jpg" width="220" height="146" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/World%27s_lowest_point_%281971%29.jpg/330px-World%27s_lowest_point_%281971%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/World%27s_lowest_point_%281971%29.jpg/440px-World%27s_lowest_point_%281971%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5004" data-file-height="3324" /></A>
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World's lowest (dry) point, <A href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</A>, 1971</DIV>
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<P>Explorers and scientists arrived in the area to analyze the minerals and research the unique climate.</P>
<P>After the find of the "<A href="/wiki/Mesha_Stele" title="Mesha Stele">Moabite Stone</A>" in 1868 on the plateau east of the Dead Sea, <A href="/wiki/Moses_Wilhelm_Shapira" class="mw-redirect" title="Moses Wilhelm Shapira">Moses Wilhelm Shapira</A> and his partner Salim al-Khouri forged and sold a whole range of presumed "Moabite" antiquities, and in 1883 Shapira presented what is now known as the "Shapira Strips", a supposedly ancient scroll written on leather strips which he claimed had been found near the Dead Sea. The strips were declared to be forgeries and Shapira took his own life in disgrace.</P>
<P>In the late 1940s and early 1950s, hundreds of religious documents dated between 150 BCE and 70 CE were found in caves near the ancient settlement of <A href="/wiki/Qumran" title="Qumran">Qumran</A>, about one mile (1.6 kilometres) inland from the northwestern shore of the Dead Sea (presently in the West Bank). They became known and famous as the <A href="/wiki/Dead_Sea_Scrolls" title="Dead Sea Scrolls">Dead Sea Scrolls</A>.</P>
<P>The world's lowest roads, <A href="/wiki/Highway_90_(Israel)" title="Highway 90 (Israel)">Highway 90</A>, run along the Israeli and West Bank shores of the Dead Sea, along with Highway 65 on the <A href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordanian</A> side, at 393 m (1,289 ft) below sea level.</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Tourism_and_leisure">Tourism and leisure</SPAN></H2>
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<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Ein_Bokek_-_Dead_Sea2.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Ein_Bokek_-_Dead_Sea2.jpg/220px-Ein_Bokek_-_Dead_Sea2.jpg" width="220" height="148" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Ein_Bokek_-_Dead_Sea2.jpg/330px-Ein_Bokek_-_Dead_Sea2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Ein_Bokek_-_Dead_Sea2.jpg/440px-Ein_Bokek_-_Dead_Sea2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5288" data-file-height="3552" /></A>
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<A href="/wiki/Ein_Bokek" title="Ein Bokek">Ein Bokek</A>, a resort on the Israeli shore</DIV>
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<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="British_Mandate_period">British Mandate period</SPAN></H3>
<P>A <A href="/wiki/Golf_course" title="Golf course">golf course</A> named for <A href="/wiki/Sodom_and_Gomorrah" title="Sodom and Gomorrah">Sodom and Gomorrah</A> was built by the British at <A href="/wiki/Kalya" title="Kalya">Kalia</A> on the northern shore.</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Israel">Israel</SPAN></H3>
<P>The first major Israeli hotels were built in nearby <A href="/wiki/Arad,_Israel" title="Arad, Israel">Arad</A>, and since the 1960s at the <A href="/wiki/Ein_Bokek" title="Ein Bokek">Ein Bokek</A> resort complex.</P>
<P>Israel has 15 hotels along the Dead Sea shore, generating total revenues of $291 million in 2012. Most Israeli hotels and resorts on the Dead Sea are on a six-kilometre (3.7-mile) stretch of the southern shore.<SUP id="cite_ref-WorldBank_44-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-WorldBank-44">[44]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Jordan">Jordan</SPAN></H3>
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<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Kempinski_Hotel_Ishtar_-_Dead_Sea_-_Jordan.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Kempinski_Hotel_Ishtar_-_Dead_Sea_-_Jordan.jpg/220px-Kempinski_Hotel_Ishtar_-_Dead_Sea_-_Jordan.jpg" width="220" height="125" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Kempinski_Hotel_Ishtar_-_Dead_Sea_-_Jordan.jpg/330px-Kempinski_Hotel_Ishtar_-_Dead_Sea_-_Jordan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Kempinski_Hotel_Ishtar_-_Dead_Sea_-_Jordan.jpg/440px-Kempinski_Hotel_Ishtar_-_Dead_Sea_-_Jordan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1700" /></A>
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Kempinski Hotel, one of the many hotels on the <A href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordanian</A> shore</DIV>
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<P>On the Jordanian side, nine international franchises have opened <A href="/wiki/Seaside_resort" title="Seaside resort">seaside resort</A> hotels near the <A href="/wiki/King_Hussein_Bin_Talal_Convention_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="King Hussein Bin Talal Convention Center">King Hussein Bin Talal Convention Center</A>, along with resort apartments, on the eastern shore of the Dead Sea. The 9 hotels have boosted the Jordanian side's capacity to 2,800 rooms.<SUP id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-45">[45]</A></SUP></P>
<P>On November 22, 2015, the Dead Sea panorama road was included along with <A href="/wiki/Google_Street_View_in_Jordan" class="mw-redirect" title="Google Street View in Jordan">40 archaeological locations</A> in Jordan, to become live on <A href="/wiki/Google_Street_View" title="Google Street View">Google Street View</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-46">[46]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="West_Bank">West Bank</SPAN></H3>
<P>The Palestinian Dead Sea Coast is about 40 kilometres (25 miles) long. The World Bank estimates that a Palestinian Dead Sea tourism industry could generate $290 million of revenues per year and 2,900 jobs.<SUP id="cite_ref-WorldBank_44-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-WorldBank-44">[44]</A></SUP> However, Palestinians have been unable to obtain construction permits for tourism-related investments on the Dead Sea.<SUP id="cite_ref-WorldBank_44-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-WorldBank-44">[44]</A></SUP> According to the World Bank, Officials in the Palestinian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities state that the only way to apply for such permits is through the Joint Committees established under the Oslo Agreement, but the relevant committee has not met with any degree of regularity since 2000.<SUP id="cite_ref-WorldBank_44-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-WorldBank-44">[44]</A></SUP></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Chemical_industry">Chemical industry</SPAN></H2>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:IRBY(1823)_p507_SKETCH_OF_THE_BACKWATER_AT_THE_SOUTH_END_OF_THE_DEAD_SEA.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/IRBY%281823%29_p507_SKETCH_OF_THE_BACKWATER_AT_THE_SOUTH_END_OF_THE_DEAD_SEA.jpg/220px-IRBY%281823%29_p507_SKETCH_OF_THE_BACKWATER_AT_THE_SOUTH_END_OF_THE_DEAD_SEA.jpg" width="220" height="143" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/IRBY%281823%29_p507_SKETCH_OF_THE_BACKWATER_AT_THE_SOUTH_END_OF_THE_DEAD_SEA.jpg/330px-IRBY%281823%29_p507_SKETCH_OF_THE_BACKWATER_AT_THE_SOUTH_END_OF_THE_DEAD_SEA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/IRBY%281823%29_p507_SKETCH_OF_THE_BACKWATER_AT_THE_SOUTH_END_OF_THE_DEAD_SEA.jpg/440px-IRBY%281823%29_p507_SKETCH_OF_THE_BACKWATER_AT_THE_SOUTH_END_OF_THE_DEAD_SEA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2029" data-file-height="1321" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:IRBY(1823)_p507_SKETCH_OF_THE_BACKWATER_AT_THE_SOUTH_END_OF_THE_DEAD_SEA.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
The southern basin of the Dead Sea as of 1817-18, with the Lisan Peninsula and its ford (now named Lynch Strait). North is to the right.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:STS028-96-65.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/STS028-96-65.jpg/220px-STS028-96-65.jpg" width="220" height="225" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/STS028-96-65.jpg/330px-STS028-96-65.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/STS028-96-65.jpg/440px-STS028-96-65.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1286" data-file-height="1316" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:STS028-96-65.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
View of salt evaporation pans on the Dead Sea, taken in 1989 from the <A href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Columbia" title="Space Shuttle Columbia">Space Shuttle Columbia</A> (<A href="/wiki/STS-28" title="STS-28">STS-28</A>). The southern half is separated from the northern half at what used to be the <A href="/wiki/Lisan_Peninsula" title="Lisan Peninsula">Lisan Peninsula</A> because of the fall in level of the Dead Sea.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Dead-Sea---Salt-Evaporation-Ponds.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Dead-Sea---Salt-Evaporation-Ponds.jpg/220px-Dead-Sea---Salt-Evaporation-Ponds.jpg" width="220" height="251" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Dead-Sea---Salt-Evaporation-Ponds.jpg/330px-Dead-Sea---Salt-Evaporation-Ponds.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Dead-Sea---Salt-Evaporation-Ponds.jpg/440px-Dead-Sea---Salt-Evaporation-Ponds.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1057" data-file-height="1206" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Dead-Sea---Salt-Evaporation-Ponds.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
View of the mineral evaporation ponds almost 12 years later (<A href="/wiki/STS-102" title="STS-102">STS-102</A>). A northern and small southeastern extension were added and the large polygonal ponds subdivided.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tleft">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Dead_sea_ecological_disaster_1960_-_2007.gif" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Dead_sea_ecological_disaster_1960_-_2007.gif/220px-Dead_sea_ecological_disaster_1960_-_2007.gif" width="220" height="366" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Dead_sea_ecological_disaster_1960_-_2007.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="244" data-file-height="406" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Dead_sea_ecological_disaster_1960_-_2007.gif" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
The dwindling water level of the Dead Sea</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="British_Mandate_period_2">British Mandate period</SPAN></H3>
<P>In the early part of the 20th century, the Dead Sea began to attract interest from chemists who deduced the sea was a natural deposit of <A href="/wiki/Potash" title="Potash">potash</A> (potassium chloride) and <A href="/wiki/Bromine" title="Bromine">bromine</A>. The Palestine Potash Company was chartered in 1929, after its founder, Siberian Jewish engineer and pioneer of <A href="/wiki/Lake_Baikal" title="Lake Baikal">Lake Baikal</A> exploitation, <A href="/wiki/Moshe_Novomeysky" title="Moshe Novomeysky">Moses Novomeysky</A>, worked for the charter for over ten years. The first plant was on the north shore of the Dead Sea at <A href="/wiki/Kalya" title="Kalya">Kalya</A> and produced potash by solar evaporation of the brine. Employing Arabs and Jews, it was an island of peace in turbulent times.<SUP id="cite_ref-PM_Nov_1930_47-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-PM_Nov_1930-47">[47]</A></SUP> The company quickly grew into the largest industrial site in the Middle East,<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2007)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP> and in 1934 built a second plant on the southwest shore, in the <A href="/wiki/Mount_Sodom" title="Mount Sodom">Mount Sodom</A> area, south of the <A href="/wiki/Lisan_Peninsula" title="Lisan Peninsula">'Lashon' region</A> of the Dead Sea. Palestine Potash Company supplied half of Britain's potash during <A href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</A>. Both plants were destroyed by the Jordanians in the <A href="/wiki/1948_Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_War" title="1948 Arab–Israeli War">1948 Arab–Israeli War</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-48">[48]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Israel_2">Israel</SPAN></H3>
<P>The Dead Sea Works was founded in 1952 as a state-owned enterprise based on the remnants of the Palestine Potash Company.<SUP id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-49">[49]</A></SUP> In 1995, the company was privatized and it is now owned by <A href="/wiki/Israel_Chemicals" title="Israel Chemicals">Israel Chemicals</A>. From the Dead Sea brine, Israel produces (2001) 1.77 million <A href="/wiki/Ton" title="Ton">tons</A> potash, 206,000 tons elemental bromine, 44,900 tons <A href="/wiki/Sodium_hydroxide" title="Sodium hydroxide">caustic soda</A>, 25,000 tons <A href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">magnesium</A> metal, and sodium chloride. Israeli companies generate around US$3 billion annually from the sale of Dead Sea minerals (primarily potash and bromine), and from other products that are derived from Dead Sea Minerals.<SUP id="cite_ref-WorldBank_44-4" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-WorldBank-44">[44]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Jordan_2">Jordan</SPAN></H3>
<P>On the Jordanian side of the Dead Sea, <A href="/wiki/Arab_Potash" title="Arab Potash">Arab Potash</A> (APC), formed in 1956, produces 2.0 million tons of potash annually, as well as sodium chloride and bromine. The plant is located at Safi, South Aghwar Department, in the <A href="/wiki/Karak_Governorate" title="Karak Governorate">Karak Governorate</A>.</P>
<P>Jordanian Dead Sea mineral industries generate about $1.2 billion in sales (equivalent to 4 percent of Jordan’s GDP).</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="West_Bank_2">West Bank</SPAN></H3>
<P>The Palestinian Dead Sea Coast is about 40 kilometres (25 miles) long. The Palestinian economy is unable to benefit from Dead Sea chemicals due to restricted access, permit issues and the uncertainties of the investment climate.<SUP id="cite_ref-WorldBank_44-5" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-WorldBank-44">[44]</A></SUP> The World Bank estimates that a Palestinian Dead Sea chemicals industry could generate $918m incremental value added per year, "almost equivalent to the contribution of the entire manufacturing sector of Palestinian territories today".<SUP id="cite_ref-WorldBank_44-6" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-WorldBank-44">[44]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Extraction">Extraction</SPAN></H3>
<P>Both companies, Dead Sea Works Ltd. and Arab Potash, use extensive salt <A href="/wiki/Pan_evaporation" title="Pan evaporation">evaporation pans</A> that have essentially diked the entire southern end of the Dead Sea for the purpose of producing <A href="/wiki/Carnallite" title="Carnallite">carnallite</A>, potassium magnesium chloride, which is then processed further to produce potassium chloride. The <A href="/wiki/Salt_evaporation_pond" title="Salt evaporation pond">ponds</A> are separated by a central dike that runs roughly north-south along the international border. The <A href="/wiki/Power_station" title="Power station">power plant</A> on the Israeli side allows production of magnesium metal (by a subsidiary, Dead Sea Magnesium Ltd.).</P>
<P>Due to the popularity of the sea's therapeutic and healing properties, several companies have also shown interest in the manufacturing and supplying of Dead Sea salts as raw materials for body and skin care products.</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Recession_and_environmental_concerns">Recession and environmental concerns</SPAN></H2>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Red_Sea_-_Dead_Sea_Canal_map.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Red_Sea_-_Dead_Sea_Canal_map.jpg/220px-Red_Sea_-_Dead_Sea_Canal_map.jpg" width="220" height="255" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Red_Sea_-_Dead_Sea_Canal_map.jpg/330px-Red_Sea_-_Dead_Sea_Canal_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Red_Sea_-_Dead_Sea_Canal_map.jpg/440px-Red_Sea_-_Dead_Sea_Canal_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1748" data-file-height="2026" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Red_Sea_-_Dead_Sea_Canal_map.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
The planned <A href="/wiki/Red_Sea%E2%80%93Dead_Sea_Water_Conveyance" title="Red Sea–Dead Sea Water Conveyance">Red Sea–Dead Sea Water Conveyance</A>, whose first phase will begin construction in 2018, will work towards stabilizing the falling levels of the Dead Sea.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<P>Since 1930, when its surface was 1,050 km<SUP>2</SUP> (410 sq mi) and its level was 390 m (1,280 ft) below sea level, the Dead Sea has been monitored continuously.<SUP id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-50">[50]</A></SUP> In recent decades, the Dead Sea has been rapidly shrinking because of diversion of incoming water from the Jordan River to the north. The southern end is fed by a canal maintained by the Dead Sea Works, a company that converts the sea's raw materials. From a water surface of 395 m (1,296 ft) below sea level in 1970<SUP id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-51">[51]</A></SUP> it fell 22 m (72 ft) to 418 m (1,371 ft) below sea level in 2006, reaching a drop rate of 1 m (3 ft) per year. As the water level decreases, the characteristics of the Sea and surrounding region may substantially change.</P>
<P><SPAN id="sinkholes"></SPAN> The Dead Sea level drop has been followed by a <A href="/wiki/Groundwater" title="Groundwater">groundwater</A> level drop, causing brines that used to occupy underground layers near the shoreline to be flushed out by freshwater. This is believed to be the cause of the recent appearance of large <A href="/wiki/Sinkhole" title="Sinkhole">sinkholes</A> along the western shore—incoming freshwater dissolves salt layers, rapidly creating subsurface cavities that subsequently collapse to form these sinkholes.<SUP id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-52">[52]</A></SUP></P>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Dead_Sea_Coastal_Erosion_March_2012.JPG" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Dead_Sea_Coastal_Erosion_March_2012.JPG/220px-Dead_Sea_Coastal_Erosion_March_2012.JPG" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Dead_Sea_Coastal_Erosion_March_2012.JPG/330px-Dead_Sea_Coastal_Erosion_March_2012.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Dead_Sea_Coastal_Erosion_March_2012.JPG/440px-Dead_Sea_Coastal_Erosion_March_2012.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Dead_Sea_Coastal_Erosion_March_2012.JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
Gully in unconsolidated Dead Sea sediments exposed by recession of water levels. It was excavated by floods from the <A href="/wiki/Judean_Mountains" class="mw-redirect" title="Judean Mountains">Judean Mountains</A> in less than a year.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<P>In May 2009 at the <A href="/wiki/World_Economic_Forum" title="World Economic Forum">World Economic Forum</A>, Jordan announced its plans to construct the "Jordan National Red Sea Development Project" (JRSP). This is a plan to convey seawater from the <A href="/wiki/Red_Sea" title="Red Sea">Red Sea</A> near Aqaba to the Dead Sea. Water would be desalinated along the route to provide fresh water to Jordan, with the brine discharge sent to the Dead Sea for replenishment. The early planning called for developer and financier selection to be completed by year's end, with detailed design to begin in early 2010, and water delivery by 2017. Israel expressed its support and will likely benefit from some of the water delivery to its Negev region. Some hydro-power will be collected near the Dead Sea from the dramatic change in elevation on the downhill side of the project.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2009)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<P>At a regional conference in July 2009, officials expressed concern about the declining water levels. Some suggested industrial activities around the Dead Sea might need to be reduced. Others advised environmental measures to restore conditions such as increasing the volume of flow from the Jordan River to replenish the Dead Sea. Currently, only sewage and effluent from fish ponds run in the river's channel. Experts also stressed the need for strict conservation efforts. They said agriculture should not be expanded, sustainable support capabilities should be incorporated into the area and pollution sources should be reduced.<SUP id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-53">[53]</A></SUP></P>
<TABLE class="wikitable" border="1">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH>Year</TH>
<TH>Water level (m)</TH>
<TH>Surface (km<SUP>2</SUP>)</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><B>1930</B></TD>
<TD>−390</TD>
<TD>1050</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><B>1980</B></TD>
<TD>−400</TD>
<TD>680</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><B>1992</B></TD>
<TD>−407</TD>
<TD>675</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><B>1997</B></TD>
<TD>−411</TD>
<TD>670</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><B>2004</B></TD>
<TD>−417</TD>
<TD>662</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><B>2010</B></TD>
<TD>−423</TD>
<TD>655</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><B>2016</B></TD>
<TD>−430.5</TD>
<TD>605</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
<P>Sources: Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research,<SUP id="cite_ref-ISRAMAR_4-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ISRAMAR-4">[4]</A></SUP> <I><A href="/wiki/Haaretz" title="Haaretz">Haaretz</A></I>,<SUP id="cite_ref-HRTZ_2-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-HRTZ-2">[2]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Jewish_Virtual_Library" title="Jewish Virtual Library">Jewish Virtual Library</A>,<SUP id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-54">[54]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-55">[55]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Jordan_Valley_Authority" title="Jordan Valley Authority">Jordan Valley Authority</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-56">[56]</A></SUP></P>
<P>In October 2009, the Jordanians announced accelerated plans to extract around 300 million cubic metres (11 billion cubic feet) of water per year from the Red Sea, desalinate it for use as fresh water and send the waste water to the Dead Sea by tunnel, despite concerns about inadequate time to assess the potential environmental impact. According to Jordan's minister for water, General Maysoun Zu'bi, this project could be considered as the first phase of the <A href="/wiki/Red_Sea%E2%80%93Dead_Sea_Water_Conveyance" title="Red Sea–Dead Sea Water Conveyance">Red Sea–Dead Sea Water Conveyance</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-57">[57]</A></SUP></P>
<P>In December 2013, Israel, Jordan and the <A href="/wiki/Palestinian_National_Authority" title="Palestinian National Authority">Palestinian Authority</A> signed an agreement for laying a water pipeline to link the Red Sea with the Dead Sea. The pipeline will be 180 km (110 mi) long and is estimated to take up to five years to complete.<SUP id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-58">[58]</A></SUP> In January 2015 it was reported that the level of water is now dropping by 1 m (3 ft) a year.<SUP id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-59">[59]</A></SUP></P>
<P>On 27 November 2016, it was announced that the Jordanian government is shortlisting five consortiums to implement the project. Jordan's ministry of Water and Irrigation said that the $100 million first phase of the project will begin construction in the first quarter of 2018, and will be completed by 2021.<SUP id="cite_ref-JT_10-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-JT-10">[10]</A></SUP></P>
<DIV class="thumb tleft">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:722px;"><A href="/wiki/File:The_Dead_Sea_1972-2011_-_NASA_Earth_Observatory.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/The_Dead_Sea_1972-2011_-_NASA_Earth_Observatory.jpg" width="720" height="720" class="thumbimage" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:The_Dead_Sea_1972-2011_-_NASA_Earth_Observatory.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
Views in 1972, 1989, and 2011 compared<SUP id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-60">[60]</A></SUP></DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV style="clear:both;"></DIV>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</SPAN></H2>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Red_Sea%E2%80%93Dead_Sea_Water_Conveyance" title="Red Sea–Dead Sea Water Conveyance">Red Sea–Dead Sea Water Conveyance</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Aral_Sea" title="Aral Sea">Aral Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Dead_Sea_Works" title="Dead Sea Works">Dead Sea Works</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Great_Salt_Lake" title="Great Salt Lake">Great Salt Lake</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_drying_lakes" title="List of drying lakes">List of drying lakes</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_places_on_land_with_elevations_below_sea_level" title="List of places on land with elevations below sea level">List of places on land with elevations below sea level</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mediterranean%E2%80%93Dead_Sea_Canal" title="Mediterranean–Dead Sea Canal">Mediterranean–Dead Sea Canal</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Benjamin_Elazari_Volcani" title="Benjamin Elazari Volcani">Benjamin Elazari Volcani</A></LI>
<LI><I><A href="/wiki/World_Discoveries_III:_Dead_Sea" title="World Discoveries III: Dead Sea">World Discoveries III: Dead Sea</A></I></LI>
</UL>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="References">References</SPAN></H2>
<DIV class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;">
<OL class="references">
<LI id="cite_note-JVL-1"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-JVL_1-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-JVL_1-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-JVL_1-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vie/Deadsea.html">"Virtual Israel Experience: The Dead Sea"</A>. Jewish Virtual Library<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">21 January</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Virtual+Israel+Experience%3A+The+Dead+Sea&rft.pub=Jewish+Virtual+Library&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishvirtuallibrary.org%2Fjsource%2Fvie%2FDeadsea.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-HRTZ-2"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-HRTZ_2-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-HRTZ_2-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161222185808/http://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/business/1.746258">"The Dead Sea Is Dying Fast: Is It Too Late to Save It, or Was It Always a Lost Cause?"</A>. Haaretz. 7 October 2016. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/business/1.746258">the original</A> on 22 December 2016.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Dead+Sea+Is+Dying+Fast%3A+Is+It+Too+Late+to+Save+It%2C+or+Was+It+Always+a+Lost+Cause%3F&rft.pub=Haaretz&rft.date=2016-10-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fisrael-news%2Fbusiness%2F1.746258&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-ilec-3"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-ilec_3-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-ilec_3-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-ilec_3-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eingedi.co.il/viewpage.asp?pagesCatID=13214&siteName=eingedi">Dead Sea Data Summary 2015</A>.<I>Water Authority of Israel</I>. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/MENAEXT/EXTREDSEADEADSEA/0,,contentMDK:21827416~pagePK:64168427~piPK:64168435~theSitePK:5174617,00.html">The World Bank - 'The Red Sea - Dead Sea Water Conveyance Study Program' - 2013</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130915013427/http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/MENAEXT/EXTREDSEADEADSEA/0,,contentMDK:21827416~pagePK:64168427~piPK:64168435~theSitePK:5174617,00.html">Archived</A> 2013-09-15 at the <A href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</A>..</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-ISRAMAR-4"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-ISRAMAR_4-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-ISRAMAR_4-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-ISRAMAR_4-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-ISRAMAR_4-3"><SUP><I><B>d</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isramar.ocean.org.il/isramar2009/DeadSea/LongTerm.aspx">"Long-Term changes in the Dead Sea"</A>. Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research - Israel Marine Data Center (ISRAMAR).</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Long-Term+changes+in+the+Dead+Sea&rft.pub=Israel+Oceanographic+and+Limnological+Research+-+Israel+Marine+Data+Center+%28ISRAMAR%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fisramar.ocean.org.il%2Fisramar2009%2FDeadSea%2FLongTerm.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-ReferenceA-5"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_5-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_5-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">The first article <I>al-</I> is unnecessary and usually not used.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Hshah-6"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Hshah_6-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsweek.com/israel-and-jordan-sign-historic-900-million-deal-save-dead-sea-310084">"Israel and Jordan Sign 'Historic' $900 Million Deal to Save the Dead Sea"</A>. Newsweek.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Israel+and+Jordan+Sign+%E2%80%98Historic%E2%80%99+%24900+Million+Deal+to+Save+the+Dead+Sea&rft.pub=Newsweek&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsweek.com%2Fisrael-and-jordan-sign-historic-900-million-deal-save-dead-sea-310084&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-7"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-7"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Goetz, P.W., ed. (1986). "<I>The New Encyclopædia Britannica</I> (15th ed.)". <B>3</B>. <A href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</A>: 937.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+New+Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+%2815th+ed.%29&rft.volume=3&rft.pages=937&rft.date=1986&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-8"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-8"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">R W McColl, ed. (2005). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=DJgnebGbAB8C&pg=PA237&dq=Dead+sea+has+a+density++++swimming#v=onepage&q&f=false"><I>Encyclopedia of world geography</I></A>. Facts on File. p. 237. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780816072293" title="Special:BookSources/9780816072293">9780816072293</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+world+geography&rft.pages=237&rft.pub=Facts+on+File&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9780816072293&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.uk%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDJgnebGbAB8C%26pg%3DPA237%26dq%3DDead%2Bsea%2Bhas%2Ba%2Bdensity%2B%2B%2B%2Bswimming%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-9"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-9"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131104055037/http://www.dspimport.com/about_the_dead_sea.html">"Dead Sea - Composition of Dead Sea Water"</A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dspimport.com/about_the_dead_sea.html">the original</A> on 2013-11-04.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dead+Sea+-+Composition+of+Dead+Sea+Water&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dspimport.com%2Fabout_the_dead_sea.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-JT-10"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-JT_10-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-JT_10-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jordantimes.com/news/local/5-alliances-shortlisted-execute-red-dead%E2%80%99s-phase-i">"5 alliances shortlisted to execute Red-Dead's phase I"</A>. <I>The Jordan Times</I>. 27 November 2016<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">3 December</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Jordan+Times&rft.atitle=5+alliances+shortlisted+to+execute+Red-Dead%E2%80%99s+phase+I&rft.date=2016-11-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jordantimes.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2F5-alliances-shortlisted-execute-red-dead%25E2%2580%2599s-phase-i&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-11"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-11"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">David Bridger; Samuel Wolk (September 1976). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hZqpCrG3qw0C&pg=PA109"><I>The New Jewish Encyclopedia</I></A>. Behrman House, Inc. p. 109. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87441-120-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87441-120-1">978-0-87441-120-1</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">July 25,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>. <Q>It was named the “Dead Sea” because of the fact that no living thing can exist there, since the water is extremely salty and bitter.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Jewish+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=109&rft.pub=Behrman+House%2C+Inc&rft.date=1976-09&rft.isbn=978-0-87441-120-1&rft.au=David+Bridger&rft.au=Samuel+Wolk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhZqpCrG3qw0C%26pg%3DPA109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-12"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-12"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">See <A href="/wiki/Bitumen" class="mw-redirect" title="Bitumen">bitumen</A> and <A href="/wiki/Asphalt" title="Asphalt">asphalt</A> for more about <I>asphaltite</I>.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-13"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-13"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tommyimages.com/Stock_Photos/Middle_East/Israel/Dead_Sea/index.html">"Springs and quicksand at the Dead Sea"</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">August 27,</SPAN> 2008</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Springs+and+quicksand+at+the+Dead+Sea&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tommyimages.com%2FStock_Photos%2FMiddle_East%2FIsrael%2FDead_Sea%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-RSDSC-14"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-RSDSC_14-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-RSDSC_14-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gsi.gov.il/_uploads/ftp/GsiReport/2010/Tahal-GSI-19-2010.pdf">Red Sea – Dead Sea Water Conveyance Study (RSDSC) Program: Dead Sea Study, July 2010, p. 64</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-15"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-15"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environment/ecological-sciences/biosphere-reserves/arab-states/jordan/mujib/">"Mujib"</A>. UNESCO<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">7 May</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mujib&rft.pub=UNESCO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unesco.org%2Fnew%2Fen%2Fnatural-sciences%2Fenvironment%2Fecological-sciences%2Fbiosphere-reserves%2Farab-states%2Fjordan%2Fmujib%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-16"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-16"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130120074227/http://exact-me.org/overview/p4144.htm">"Dead Sea"</A>. Exact Me.org. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://exact-me.org/overview/p4144.htm">the original</A> on January 20, 2013<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">January 21,</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dead+Sea&rft.pub=Exact+Me.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fexact-me.org%2Foverview%2Fp4144.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Stein-17"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-Stein_17-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Stein_17-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Stein_17-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Mordechai Stein. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130513022228/http://www.gsi.gov.il/_Uploads/4739SteinF.pdf">"The limnological history of late Pleistocene – Holocene water bodies in the Dead Sea basin"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gsi.gov.il/_Uploads/4739SteinF.pdf">the original</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN> on 2013-05-13.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+limnological+history+of+late+Pleistocene+%E2%80%93+Holocene+water+bodies+in+the+Dead+Sea+basin&rft.au=Mordechai+Stein&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gsi.gov.il%2F_Uploads%2F4739SteinF.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Springer_Science_&_Business_Media-18"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-Springer_Science_&_Business_Media_18-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Springer_Science_&_Business_Media_18-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Uri Kafri; Yoseph Yechieli (2010). <I>Groundwater Base Level Changes and Adjoining Hydrological Systems</I>. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 123. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3642139444" title="Special:BookSources/978-3642139444">978-3642139444</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Groundwater+Base+Level+Changes+and+Adjoining+Hydrological+Systems.&rft.pages=123&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-3642139444&rft.au=Uri+Kafri&rft.au=Yoseph+Yechieli&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-SocietySociety1971-19"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-SocietySociety1971_19-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Geochemical Society; Meteoritical Society (1971). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3LccAQAAIAAJ"><I>Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta</I></A>. Pergamon Press<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">April 12,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.pub=Pergamon+Press.&rft.date=1971&rft.au=Geochemical+Society&rft.au=Meteoritical+Society&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3LccAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-DSRC-20"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-DSRC_20-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deadsea-health.org/new_html/general_main.html">"Natural Resources"</A>. <I>Dead Sea Research Center</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">27 October</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dead+Sea+Research+Center&rft.atitle=Natural+Resources&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.deadsea-health.org%2Fnew_html%2Fgeneral_main.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-21"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-21"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.extremescience.com/dead-sea.htm">"Lowest Elevation: Dead Sea"</A>. <I>Extreme Science</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 22,</SPAN> 2007</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Extreme+Science&rft.atitle=Lowest+Elevation%3A+Dead+Sea&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.extremescience.com%2Fdead-sea.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-22"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-22"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Kramer, MR; Springer C; Berkman N; Glazer M; Bublil M; Bar-Yishay E; Godfrey S (March 1998). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029195349/http://journal.publications.chestnet.org/data/Journals/CHEST/21761/571.pdf">"Rehabilitation of hypoxemic patients with COPD at low altitude at the Dead Sea, the lowest place on earth"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. <I>Chest</I>. <B>113</B> (3): 571–575. <A href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</A>:<A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//doi.org/10.1378%2Fchest.113.3.571">10.1378/chest.113.3.571</A>. <A href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9515826">9515826</A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journal.publications.chestnet.org/data/Journals/CHEST/21761/571.pdf">the original</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN> on 2013-10-29. <Q><A href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9515826">9515826</A></Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chest&rft.atitle=Rehabilitation+of+hypoxemic+patients+with+COPD+at+low+altitude+at+the+Dead+Sea%2C+the+lowest+place+on+earth&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=571-575&rft.date=1998-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1378%2Fchest.113.3.571&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F9515826&rft.aulast=Kramer&rft.aufirst=MR&rft.au=Springer+C&rft.au=Berkman+N&rft.au=Glazer+M&rft.au=Bublil+M&rft.au=Bar-Yishay+E&rft.au=Godfrey+S&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournal.publications.chestnet.org%2Fdata%2FJournals%2FCHEST%2F21761%2F571.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-23"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-23"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110607231313/http://ims.gov.il/IMS/CLIMATE">"Climatological Averages for Dead Sea"</A>. IMS. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ims.gov.il/IMS/CLIMATE">the original</A> on June 7, 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">June 9,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Climatological+Averages+for+Dead+Sea&rft.pub=IMS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ims.gov.il%2FIMS%2FCLIMATE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-24"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-24"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100914010915/http://www.ims.gov.il/IMS/CLIMATE/LongTermInfo">"Averages and Records for several places in Israel"</A>. Israel Meteorological Service. June 2011. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ims.gov.il/IMS/CLIMATE/LongTermInfo">the original</A> on 2010-09-14.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Averages+and+Records+for+several+places+in+Israel&rft.pub=Israel+Meteorological+Service&rft.date=2011-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fims.gov.il%2FIMS%2FCLIMATE%2FLongTermInfo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-overturn-25"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-overturn_25-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-overturn_25-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090522133748/http://www1.american.edu/TED/deadsea.htm">"Dead Sea Canal"</A>. American.edu. 1996-12-09. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www1.american.edu/TED/deadsea.htm">the original</A> on May 22, 2009<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 5,</SPAN> 2009</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dead+Sea+Canal&rft.pub=American.edu&rft.date=1996-12-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww1.american.edu%2FTED%2Fdeadsea.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-26"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-26"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">I. Steinhorn, <I>In Situ Salt Precipitation at the Dead Sea</I>, Limnol. Oceanogr. 28(3),1983, 580-583</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-27"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-27"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Bein, A.; O. Amit (2007). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/119589883/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0">"The evolution of the Dead Sea floating asphalt blocks: simulations by pyrolisis"</A>. <I>Journal of Petroleum Geology</I>. Journal of Petroleum Geology. <B>2</B> (4): 439–447. <A href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</A>:<A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1747-5457.1980.tb00971.x">10.1111/j.1747-5457.1980.tb00971.x</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Petroleum+Geology&rft.atitle=The+evolution+of+the+Dead+Sea+floating+asphalt+blocks%3A+simulations+by+pyrolisis&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=439-447&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1747-5457.1980.tb00971.x&rft.au=Bein%2C+A.&rft.au=O.+Amit&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww3.interscience.wiley.com%2Fjournal%2F119589883%2Fabstract%3FCRETRY%3D1%26SRETRY%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-28"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-28"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Niemi, Tina M., <A href="/wiki/Zvi_Ben-Avraham" title="Zvi Ben-Avraham">Zvi Ben-Avraham</A> and Joel Gat, eds., <I>The Dead Sea: the lake and its setting,</I> 1997, Oxford University Press, p. 251 <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-508703-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-508703-1">978-0-19-508703-1</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-29"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-29"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">J. Rullkötter; A. Nissenbaum (December 1988). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/q227110151k37061/">"Dead sea asphalt in Egyptian mummies: Molecular evidence"</A>. <I>Naturwissenschaften</I>. <B>75</B> (12): 618. <A href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</A>:<A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1988NW.....75..618R">1988NW.....75..618R</A>. <A href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</A>:<A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//doi.org/10.1007%2FBF00366476">10.1007/BF00366476</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Naturwissenschaften&rft.atitle=Dead+sea+asphalt+in+Egyptian+mummies%3A+Molecular+evidence&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=618&rft.date=1988-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2FBF00366476&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1988NW.....75..618R&rft.au=J.+Rullk%C3%B6tter&rft.au=A.+Nissenbaum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq227110151k37061%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-30"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-30"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deadsea-health.org/new_html/diseases_respiratory.html">"Asthma, Cystic Fibrosis, Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease"</A>. <I>Dead Sea Research Center</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 22,</SPAN> 2007</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dead+Sea+Research+Center&rft.atitle=Asthma%2C+Cystic+Fibrosis%2C+Chronic+Obstructive+Lung+Disease&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.deadsea-health.org%2Fnew_html%2Fdiseases_respiratory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-31"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-31"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Cohen, Arnon D.; Van‐Dijk, Dina; Naggan, Lechaim; Vardy, Daniel A. (2005). "Effectiveness of climatotherapy at the Dead Sea for psoriasis vulgaris: A community-oriented study introducing the Beer Sheva Psoriasis Severity Score". <I>Dermatological Treatment</I>. <B>16</B> (5–6): 308–313. <A href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</A>:<A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//doi.org/10.1080%2F09546630500375841">10.1080/09546630500375841</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dermatological+Treatment&rft.atitle=Effectiveness+of+climatotherapy+at+the+Dead+Sea+for+psoriasis+vulgaris%3A+A+community-oriented+study+introducing+the+Beer+Sheva+Psoriasis+Severity+Score&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=5%E2%80%936&rft.pages=308-313&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F09546630500375841&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Arnon+D.&rft.au=Van%E2%80%90Dijk%2C+Dina&rft.au=Naggan%2C+Lechaim&rft.au=Vardy%2C+Daniel+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-32"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-32"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">S. Halevy; et al. "Dead sea bath salt for the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris: a double-blind controlled study". <B>9</B> (3). Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology: 237–242.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Dead+sea+bath+salt+for+the+treatment+of+psoriasis+vulgaris%3A+a+double-blind+controlled+study&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=237-242.&rft.au=S.+Halevy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-33"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-33"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Michael Friedman; Ramakrishnan Vidyasagar; Ninos Joseph (June 2006). <I>A Randomized, Prospective, Double-Blind Study on the Efficacy of Dead Sea Salt Nasal Irrigations</I>. <B>116</B>. The Laryngoscope. pp. 878–882. <A href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</A>:<A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//doi.org/10.1097%2F01.mlg.0000216798.10007.76">10.1097/01.mlg.0000216798.10007.76</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Randomized%2C+Prospective%2C+Double-Blind+Study+on+the+Efficacy+of+Dead+Sea+Salt+Nasal+Irrigations&rft.pages=878-882&rft.pub=The+Laryngoscope&rft.date=2006-06&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1097%2F01.mlg.0000216798.10007.76&rft.au=Michael+Friedman&rft.au=Ramakrishnan+Vidyasagar&rft.au=Ninos+Joseph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-34"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-34"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Flusser, Daniel; Abu-Shakra, Mahmoud; Friger, Michael; Codish, Shlomi; Sukenik, Shaul (August 2002). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110816132015/http://fohs.bgu.ac.il/homes/shlomi/articles/mud_kneeOA_JClinRHeum.pdf">"Therapy With Mud Compresses for Knee Osteoarthritis: Comparison of Natural Mud Preparations With Mineral-Depleted Mud"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. <B>8</B> (4). Journal of Clinical Rheumatology: 197–203. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fohs.bgu.ac.il/homes/shlomi/articles/mud_kneeOA_JClinRHeum.pdf">the original</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN> on 2011-08-16.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Therapy+With+Mud+Compresses+for+Knee+Osteoarthritis%3A+Comparison+of+Natural+Mud+Preparations+With+Mineral-Depleted+Mud&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=197-203&rft.date=2002-08&rft.au=Flusser%2C+Daniel&rft.au=Abu-Shakra%2C+Mahmoud&rft.au=Friger%2C+Michael&rft.au=Codish%2C+Shlomi&rft.au=Sukenik%2C+Shaul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffohs.bgu.ac.il%2Fhomes%2Fshlomi%2Farticles%2Fmud_kneeOA_JClinRHeum.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-35"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-35"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0038319">"PLOS ONE"</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PLOS+ONE&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.plosone.org%2Farticle%2Finfo%253Adoi%252F10.1371%252Fjournal.pone.0038319&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-36"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-36"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wordnik.com/words/Asphaltites">"Asphaltites examples from ancient sources"</A>. Wordnik.com<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">2013-08-22</SPAN></SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Asphaltites+examples+from+ancient+sources&rft.pub=Wordnik.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wordnik.com%2Fwords%2FAsphaltites&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-37"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-37"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="/wiki/Josephus" title="Josephus">Josephus</A>, <I><A href="/wiki/Antiquities_of_the_Jews" title="Antiquities of the Jews">Antiquities of the Jews</A></I> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://old.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?lookup=J.+AJ+18.119">18.119</A><SUP class="noprint Inline-Template"><SPAN style="white-space: nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><SPAN title=" Dead link since December 2017">permanent dead link</SPAN></A></I>]</SPAN></SUP>.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-38"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-38"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Josephus. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sacred-texts.com/jud/josephus/ant-1.htm">"9"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/Antiquities_of_the_Jews" title="Antiquities of the Jews">Antiquities of the Jews</A></I>. <B>1</B>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=9&rft.btitle=Antiquities+of+the+Jews&rft.au=Josephus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsacred-texts.com%2Fjud%2Fjosephus%2Fant-1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-39"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-39"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Found today in the <A href="/wiki/Shrine_of_the_Book" title="Shrine of the Book">Shrine of the Book</A> at the Israel Museum of Jerusalem</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-40"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-40"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090815040437/http://www.pardes.org.il/online_learning/weekly-talmud/2009-02-12.php">"Sodomite salt could cause blindness"</A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pardes.org.il/online_learning/weekly-talmud/2009-02-12.php">the original</A> on 2009-08-15.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sodomite+salt+could+cause+blindness&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pardes.org.il%2Fonline_learning%2Fweekly-talmud%2F2009-02-12.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-41"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-41"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">A synagogue mosaic floor (circa 100 BCE) at Ein Gedi repeats the Mishna, portraying a curse on whoever reveals the town's secret persimmon recipe. Papyrus parchments found in caves near the Dead Sea document the vast amount of cultivated land in the area, especially persimmon trees, but also olive and date trees</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-42"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-42"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deadseaguide.com/dead_sea_history">"History of the Dead Sea - Discover the Dead Sea with Us!"</A>. 1 July 2016.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Dead+Sea+-+Discover+the+Dead+Sea+with+Us%21&rft.date=2016-07-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.deadseaguide.com%2Fdead_sea_history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-43"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-43"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historyireland.com/18th-19th-century-history/the-unfortunate-costigan-first-surveyor-of-the-dead-sea/">"<SPAN style="padding-left:0.2em;">'</SPAN>The unfortunate Costigan', first surveyor of the Dead Sea"</A>. 25 February 2013.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E2%80%98The+unfortunate+Costigan%E2%80%99%2C+first+surveyor+of+the+Dead+Sea&rft.date=2013-02-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historyireland.com%2F18th-19th-century-history%2Fthe-unfortunate-costigan-first-surveyor-of-the-dead-sea%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-WorldBank-44"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-WorldBank_44-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-WorldBank_44-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-WorldBank_44-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-WorldBank_44-3"><SUP><I><B>d</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-WorldBank_44-4"><SUP><I><B>e</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-WorldBank_44-5"><SUP><I><B>f</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-WorldBank_44-6"><SUP><I><B>g</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">World Bank, Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Department, <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hlrn.org/img/violation/Area+C+Report+Oct-13.pdf">Area C and the Future of the Palestinian Economy</A>, October 2, 2013</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-45"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-45"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jordantimes.com/news/local/dead-sea-aqaba-hotels-packed-during-eid-al-fitr-holiday">"Dead Sea, Aqaba hotels packed during Eid Al Fitr holiday"</A>. <I>The Jordan Times</I>. 10 July 2016<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">12 July</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Jordan+Times&rft.atitle=Dead+Sea%2C+Aqaba+hotels+packed+during+Eid+Al+Fitr+holiday&rft.date=2016-07-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjordantimes.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fdead-sea-aqaba-hotels-packed-during-eid-al-fitr-holiday&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-46"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-46"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/maps/streetview/#jordan-highlights">"Google Street View"</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Google+Street+View&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fmaps%2Fstreetview%2F%23jordan-highlights&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-PM_Nov_1930-47"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-PM_Nov_1930_47-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=uOQDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA794">"Wealth From The Dead Sea"</A>. <I>Popular Mechanics</I>. Chicago: Hearst Magazines. <B>54</B> (5): 794–798. November 1930.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Popular+Mechanics&rft.atitle=Wealth+From+The+Dead+Sea&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=794-798&rft.date=1930-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DuOQDAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA794&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-48"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-48"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Hurlbert, Stuart H. (6 December 2012). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.il/books?id=1o_pCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA136&lpg=PA136&dq=dead%20sea%20plants%20destroyed%20by%20jordanians&source=bl&ots=V-pKJbuC8M&sig=B99B7o18KHu7vjw7uKtyOD3EUJY&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwitrLLH_eDMAhVI6RQKHWMUBHIQ6AEIPDAE#v=onepage&q=dead%20sea%20plants%20destroyed%20by%20jordanians&f=false">"Saline Lakes V: Proceedings of the Vth International Symposium on Inland Saline Lakes, held in Bolivia, 22–29 March 1991"</A>. Springer Science & Business Media – via Google Books.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Saline+Lakes+V%3A+Proceedings+of+the+Vth+International+Symposium+on+Inland+Saline+Lakes%2C+held+in+Bolivia%2C+22%E2%80%9329+March+1991&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft.date=2012-12-06&rft.aulast=Hurlbert&rft.aufirst=Stuart+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.il%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1o_pCAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA136%26lpg%3DPA136%26dq%3Ddead%2520sea%2520plants%2520destroyed%2520by%2520jordanians%26source%3Dbl%26ots%3DV-pKJbuC8M%26sig%3DB99B7o18KHu7vjw7uKtyOD3EUJY%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0ahUKEwitrLLH_eDMAhVI6RQKHWMUBHIQ6AEIPDAE%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Ddead%2520sea%2520plants%2520destroyed%2520by%2520jordanians%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-49"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-49"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Schechter, Asher (14 April 2013). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/business/who-really-owns-the-dead-sea.premium-1.515340">"Who Really Owns the Dead Sea?"</A> – via Haaretz.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Who+Really+Owns+the+Dead+Sea%3F&rft.date=2013-04-14&rft.aulast=Schechter&rft.aufirst=Asher&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fisrael-news%2Fbusiness%2Fwho-really-owns-the-dead-sea.premium-1.515340&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-50"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-50"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Peace/water2.html#Dead">"Overview of Middle East Water Resources_Dead Sea"</A>. Jewish Virtual Library. December 1998<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">31 May</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Overview+of+Middle+East+Water+Resources_Dead+Sea&rft.pub=Jewish+Virtual+Library&rft.date=1998-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishvirtuallibrary.org%2Fjsource%2FPeace%2Fwater2.html%23Dead&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-51"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-51"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">C. Klein; A. Flohn. <I>Contribution to the Knowledge in the Fluctuations of the Dead Sea Level</I>. <B>38</B>. Theoretical and Applied Climatology. pp. 151–156, 1987.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Contribution+to+the+Knowledge+in+the+Fluctuations+of+the+Dead+Sea+Level&rft.pages=151-156%2C+1987&rft.pub=Theoretical+and+Applied+Climatology&rft.au=C.+Klein&rft.au=A.+Flohn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-52"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-52"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">M. Abelson; Y. Yechieli; O. Crouvi; G. Baer; D. Wachs; A. Bein; V. Shtivelman (2006). <I>Evolution of the Dead Sea Sinkholes in</I>. <I>special paper 401</I>. <A href="/wiki/Geological_Society_of_America" title="Geological Society of America">Geological Society of America</A>. pp. 241–253.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Evolution+of+the+Dead+Sea+Sinkholes+in&rft.pages=241-253&rft.pub=Geological+Society+of+America&rft.date=2006&rft.au=M.+Abelson&rft.au=Y.+Yechieli&rft.au=O.+Crouvi&rft.au=G.+Baer&rft.au=D.+Wachs&rft.au=A.+Bein&rft.au=V.+Shtivelman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-53"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-53"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Ehud Zion Waldoks (July 8, 2009). [tp://www.jpost.com/Features/Article.aspx?id=148034 "Back from the Dead?"]. <A href="/wiki/The_Jerusalem_Post" title="The Jerusalem Post">The Jerusalem Post</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Back+from+the+Dead%3F&rft.pub=The+Jerusalem+Post&rft.date=2009-07-08&rft.au=Ehud+Zion+Waldoks&rft_id=tp%3A%2F%2Fwww.jpost.com%2FFeatures%2FArticle.aspx%3Fid%3D148034&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN><SUP class="noprint Inline-Template"><SPAN style="white-space: nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><SPAN title=" Dead link since December 2016">permanent dead link</SPAN></A></I>]</SPAN></SUP></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-54"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-54"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/images/maps/deadsealevel2.gif">"Water level of the Dead Sea"</A>. Jewish Virtual Library<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">31 May</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Water+level+of+the+Dead+Sea&rft.pub=Jewish+Virtual+Library&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishvirtuallibrary.org%2Fjsource%2Fimages%2Fmaps%2Fdeadsealevel2.gif&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-55"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-55"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/images/maps/deadsealevel1.gif">"Water level and surface area of the Dead Sea"</A>. Jewish Virtual Library<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">31 May</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Water+level+and+surface+area+of+the+Dead+Sea&rft.pub=Jewish+Virtual+Library&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishvirtuallibrary.org%2Fjsource%2Fimages%2Fmaps%2Fdeadsealevel1.gif&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-56"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-56"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Eng. Sa’ad Abu Hammour, JVA. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sesrtcic.org/Presentations/Water_Management_Symposium/Jordan/Jordan.pdf">"River Basin Management"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. Jordan Valley Authority<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">31 May</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=River+Basin+Management&rft.pub=Jordan+Valley+Authority&rft.au=Eng.+Sa%E2%80%99ad+Abu+Hammour%2C+JVA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sesrtcic.org%2FPresentations%2FWater_Management_Symposium%2FJordan%2FJordan.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-57"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-57"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/earthnews/6285055/Jordan-to-refill-shrinking-Dead-Sea-with-salt-water.html">"Jordan to refill shrinking Dead Sea"</A>. Daily Telegraph. 10 October 2009.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jordan+to+refill+shrinking+Dead+Sea&rft.pub=Daily+Telegraph&rft.date=2009-10-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fearth%2Fearthnews%2F6285055%2FJordan-to-refill-shrinking-Dead-Sea-with-salt-water.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-58"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-58"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news">Sherwood, Harriet (2013-12-09). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/dec/09/dead-sea-pipeline-water-red-sea">"Dead Sea neighbours agree to pipeline to pump water from Red Sea"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</A></I>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Dead+Sea+neighbours+agree+to+pipeline+to+pump+water+from+Red+Sea&rft.date=2013-12-09&rft.aulast=Sherwood&rft.aufirst=Harriet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2013%2Fdec%2F09%2Fdead-sea-pipeline-water-red-sea&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-59"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-59"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Catholic Online. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic.org/news/international/middle_east/story.php?id=58290">"Dead Sea Dying: Levels of salt water are dropping by three feet annually"</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dead+Sea+Dying%3A+Levels+of+salt+water+are+dropping+by+three+feet+annually&rft.au=Catholic+Online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholic.org%2Fnews%2Finternational%2Fmiddle_east%2Fstory.php%3Fid%3D58290&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-60"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-60"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=77592">"The Dead Sea : Image of the Day"</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Dead+Sea+%3A+Image+of+the+Day&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fearthobservatory.nasa.gov%2FIOTD%2Fview.php%3Fid%3D77592&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADead+Sea" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
</OL>
</DIV>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Further_reading">Further reading</SPAN></H2>
<UL>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130915013427/http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/MENAEXT/EXTREDSEADEADSEA/0,,contentMDK:21827416~pagePK:64168427~piPK:64168435~theSitePK:5174617,00.html">The World Bank - 'The Red Sea - Dead Sea Water Conveyance Study Program' - 2013</A>, and source of basic data on the Dead Sea.</LI>
<LI>Yehouda Enzel, et al., eds (2006) <I>New Frontiers in Dead Sea Paleoenvironmental Research</I>, Geological Society of America, <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8137-2401-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-8137-2401-5">0-8137-2401-5</A></LI>
<LI>Niemi, Tina M., Ben-Avraham, Z., and Gat, J., eds., 1997, The Dead Sea: The Lake and Its Setting: N.Y., <A href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</A>, 286 p.</LI>
<LI>World Bank, Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Department, <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hlrn.org/img/violation/Area+C+Report+Oct-13.pdf">Area C and the Future of the Palestinian Economy</A>, October 2, 2013</LI>
</UL>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</SPAN></H2>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" width="12" height="16" class="noviewer" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></A> Media related to <A href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dead_Sea" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Dead Sea">Dead Sea</A> at Wikimedia Commons</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/16px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" width="16" height="16" class="noviewer" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/24px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/32px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></A> <A href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Dead_Sea#Q23883" class="extiw" title="voy:Dead Sea">Dead Sea</A> travel guide from Wikivoyage (<A href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Dead_Sea_(Israel_and_the_West_Bank)" class="extiw" title="voy:Dead Sea (Israel and the West Bank)">Israeli and West Bank part</A> and <A href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Dead_Sea_(Jordan)" class="extiw" title="voy:Dead Sea (Jordan)">Jordanian part</A>)</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" width="16" height="16" class="noviewer" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></A> The dictionary definition of <A href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Dead_Sea" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Dead Sea">Dead Sea</A> at Wiktionary</LI>
</UL>
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<DIV id="Earth&#039;s_oceans_and_seas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><A href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</A>'s <A href="/wiki/Ocean" title="Ocean">oceans</A> and <A href="/wiki/List_of_seas" title="List of seas">seas</A></DIV>
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<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Arctic_Ocean" title="Arctic Ocean">Arctic Ocean</A></TH>
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<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Amundsen_Gulf" title="Amundsen Gulf">Amundsen Gulf</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Barents_Sea" title="Barents Sea">Barents Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Beaufort_Sea" title="Beaufort Sea">Beaufort Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Chukchi_Sea" title="Chukchi Sea">Chukchi Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/East_Siberian_Sea" title="East Siberian Sea">East Siberian Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greenland_Sea" title="Greenland Sea">Greenland Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Boothia" title="Gulf of Boothia">Gulf of Boothia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kara_Sea" title="Kara Sea">Kara Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Laptev_Sea" title="Laptev Sea">Laptev Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lincoln_Sea" title="Lincoln Sea">Lincoln Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Prince_Gustav_Adolf_Sea" title="Prince Gustav Adolf Sea">Prince Gustav Adolf Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pechora_Sea" title="Pechora Sea">Pechora Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria_Sea" title="Queen Victoria Sea">Queen Victoria Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wandel_Sea" title="Wandel Sea">Wandel Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/White_Sea" title="White Sea">White Sea</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adriatic_Sea" title="Adriatic Sea">Adriatic Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Aegean_Sea" title="Aegean Sea">Aegean Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Alboran_Sea" title="Alboran Sea">Alboran Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Archipelago_Sea" title="Archipelago Sea">Archipelago Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Argentine_Sea" title="Argentine Sea">Argentine Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Baffin_Bay" title="Baffin Bay">Baffin Bay</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Balearic_Sea" title="Balearic Sea">Balearic Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bay_of_Biscay" title="Bay of Biscay">Bay of Biscay</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bothnian_Bay" title="Bothnian Bay">Bay of Bothnia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bay_of_Campeche" title="Bay of Campeche">Bay of Campeche</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bay_of_Fundy" title="Bay of Fundy">Bay of Fundy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bothnian_Sea" title="Bothnian Sea">Bothnian Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Caribbean_Sea" title="Caribbean Sea">Caribbean Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Celtic_Sea" title="Celtic Sea">Celtic Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/English_Channel" title="English Channel">English Channel</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Foxe_Basin" title="Foxe Basin">Foxe Basin</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greenland_Sea" title="Greenland Sea">Greenland Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Bothnia" title="Gulf of Bothnia">Gulf of Bothnia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Finland" title="Gulf of Finland">Gulf of Finland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Lion" title="Gulf of Lion">Gulf of Lion</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Guinea" title="Gulf of Guinea">Gulf of Guinea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Maine" title="Gulf of Maine">Gulf of Maine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Saint_Lawrence" title="Gulf of Saint Lawrence">Gulf of Saint Lawrence</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Sirte" title="Gulf of Sirte">Gulf of Sidra</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Venezuela" title="Gulf of Venezuela">Gulf of Venezuela</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hudson_Bay" title="Hudson Bay">Hudson Bay</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ionian_Sea" title="Ionian Sea">Ionian Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Irish_Sea" title="Irish Sea">Irish Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Irminger_Sea" title="Irminger Sea">Irminger Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/James_Bay" title="James Bay">James Bay</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Labrador_Sea" title="Labrador Sea">Labrador Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Levantine_Sea" title="Levantine Sea">Levantine Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Libyan_Sea" title="Libyan Sea">Libyan Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ligurian_Sea" title="Ligurian Sea">Ligurian Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sea_of_Marmara" title="Sea of Marmara">Marmara Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Myrtoan_Sea" title="Myrtoan Sea">Myrtoan Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/North_Sea" title="North Sea">North Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Norwegian_Sea" title="Norwegian Sea">Norwegian Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sargasso_Sea" title="Sargasso Sea">Sargasso Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sea_of_%C3%85land" title="Sea of Åland">Sea of Åland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sea_of_Azov" title="Sea of Azov">Sea of Azov</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sea_of_Crete" title="Sea of Crete">Sea of Crete</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sea_of_the_Hebrides" title="Sea of the Hebrides">Sea of the Hebrides</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Thracian_Sea" title="Thracian Sea">Thracian Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tyrrhenian_Sea" title="Tyrrhenian Sea">Tyrrhenian Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wadden_Sea" title="Wadden Sea">Wadden Sea</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Andaman_Sea" title="Andaman Sea">Andaman Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Arabian_Sea" title="Arabian Sea">Arabian Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bali_Sea" title="Bali Sea">Bali Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal" title="Bay of Bengal">Bay of Bengal</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Flores_Sea" title="Flores Sea">Flores Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Great_Australian_Bight" title="Great Australian Bight">Great Australian Bight</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Aden" title="Gulf of Aden">Gulf of Aden</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Aqaba" title="Gulf of Aqaba">Gulf of Aqaba</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Khambhat" title="Gulf of Khambhat">Gulf of Khambhat</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Kutch" title="Gulf of Kutch">Gulf of Kutch</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Oman" title="Gulf of Oman">Gulf of Oman</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Suez" title="Gulf of Suez">Gulf of Suez</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Java_Sea" title="Java Sea">Java Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Laccadive_Sea" title="Laccadive Sea">Laccadive Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mozambique_Channel" title="Mozambique Channel">Mozambique Channel</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf" title="Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Red_Sea" title="Red Sea">Red Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Timor_Sea" title="Timor Sea">Timor Sea</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Arafura_Sea" title="Arafura Sea">Arafura Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Banda_Sea" title="Banda Sea">Banda Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bering_Sea" title="Bering Sea">Bering Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bismarck_Sea" title="Bismarck Sea">Bismarck Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bohai_Sea" title="Bohai Sea">Bohai Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bohol_Sea" title="Bohol Sea">Bohol Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Camotes_Sea" title="Camotes Sea">Camotes Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Celebes_Sea" title="Celebes Sea">Celebes Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ceram_Sea" title="Ceram Sea">Ceram Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Chilean_Sea" title="Chilean Sea">Chilean Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Coral_Sea" title="Coral Sea">Coral Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/East_China_Sea" title="East China Sea">East China Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Alaska" title="Gulf of Alaska">Gulf of Alaska</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Anadyr" title="Gulf of Anadyr">Gulf of Anadyr</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_California" title="Gulf of California">Gulf of California</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Carpentaria" title="Gulf of Carpentaria">Gulf of Carpentaria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Fonseca" title="Gulf of Fonseca">Gulf of Fonseca</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Panama" title="Gulf of Panama">Gulf of Panama</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Thailand" title="Gulf of Thailand">Gulf of Thailand</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Tonkin" title="Gulf of Tonkin">Gulf of Tonkin</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Halmahera_Sea" title="Halmahera Sea">Halmahera Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Koro_Sea" title="Koro Sea">Koro Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mar_de_Grau" title="Mar de Grau">Mar de Grau</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Molucca_Sea" title="Molucca Sea">Molucca Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Moro_Gulf" title="Moro Gulf">Moro Gulf</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Philippine_Sea" title="Philippine Sea">Philippine Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Salish_Sea" title="Salish Sea">Salish Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Savu_Sea" title="Savu Sea">Savu Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sea_of_Japan" title="Sea of Japan">Sea of Japan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sea_of_Okhotsk" title="Sea of Okhotsk">Sea of Okhotsk</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Seto_Inland_Sea" title="Seto Inland Sea">Seto Inland Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Shantar_Sea" title="Shantar Sea">Shantar Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sibuyan_Sea" title="Sibuyan Sea">Sibuyan Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Solomon_Sea" title="Solomon Sea">Solomon Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/South_China_Sea" title="South China Sea">South China Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sulu_Sea" title="Sulu Sea">Sulu Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tasman_Sea" title="Tasman Sea">Tasman Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Visayan_Sea" title="Visayan Sea">Visayan Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Yellow_Sea" title="Yellow Sea">Yellow Sea</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Southern_Ocean" title="Southern Ocean">Southern Ocean</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Amundsen_Sea" title="Amundsen Sea">Amundsen Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bellingshausen_Sea" title="Bellingshausen Sea">Bellingshausen Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cooperation_Sea" title="Cooperation Sea">Cooperation Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cosmonauts_Sea" title="Cosmonauts Sea">Cosmonauts Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Davis_Sea" title="Davis Sea">Davis Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/D%27Urville_Sea" title="D'Urville Sea">D'Urville Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/King_Haakon_VII_Sea" title="King Haakon VII Sea">King Haakon VII Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lazarev_Sea" title="Lazarev Sea">Lazarev Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mawson_Sea" title="Mawson Sea">Mawson Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Riiser-Larsen_Sea" title="Riiser-Larsen Sea">Riiser-Larsen Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ross_Sea" title="Ross Sea">Ross Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Scotia_Sea" title="Scotia Sea">Scotia Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Somov_Sea" title="Somov Sea">Somov Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Weddell_Sea" title="Weddell Sea">Weddell Sea</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landlocked seas</TH>
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<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Aral_Sea" title="Aral Sea">Aral Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A class="mw-selflink selflink">Dead Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Salton_Sea" title="Salton Sea">Salton Sea</A></LI>
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<LI> <B><IMG alt="Wikipedia book" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Symbol_book_class2.svg/16px-Symbol_book_class2.svg.png" title="Wikipedia book" width="16" height="16" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Symbol_book_class2.svg/23px-Symbol_book_class2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Symbol_book_class2.svg/31px-Symbol_book_class2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <A href="/wiki/Book:Seas" title="Book:Seas">Book</A></B></LI>
<LI> <B><IMG alt="Category" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/16px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png" title="Category" width="16" height="14" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/24px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/32px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="31" /> <A href="/wiki/Category:Seas" title="Category:Seas">Category</A></B></LI>
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<DIV id="Regions_of_the_world" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><A href="/wiki/United_Nations_geoscheme" title="United Nations geoscheme">Regions</A> of the <A href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">world</A></DIV>
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<TR style="display: none;">
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<DIV id="Regions_of_Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Regions of <A href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</A></DIV>
</TH>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Central_Africa" title="Central Africa">Central Africa</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
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<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Guinea_(region)" title="Guinea (region)">Guinea region</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Guinea" title="Gulf of Guinea">Gulf of Guinea</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cape_Lopez" title="Cape Lopez">Cape Lopez</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mayombe" title="Mayombe">Mayombe</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Igboland" title="Igboland">Igboland</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mbaise" title="Mbaise">Mbaise</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Maputaland" title="Maputaland">Maputaland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pool_Malebo" title="Pool Malebo">Pool Malebo</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Congo_Basin" title="Congo Basin">Congo Basin</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Chad_Basin" title="Chad Basin">Chad Basin</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Congolese_rainforests" title="Congolese rainforests">Congolese rainforests</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ouadda%C3%AF_highlands" title="Ouaddaï highlands">Ouaddaï highlands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ennedi_Plateau" title="Ennedi Plateau">Ennedi Plateau</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/East_Africa" title="East Africa">East Africa</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/African_Great_Lakes" title="African Great Lakes">African Great Lakes</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Albertine_Rift" title="Albertine Rift">Albertine Rift</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/East_African_Rift" title="East African Rift">East African Rift</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Great_Rift_Valley" title="Great Rift Valley">Great Rift Valley</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gregory_Rift" title="Gregory Rift">Gregory Rift</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rift_Valley_lakes" title="Rift Valley lakes">Rift Valley lakes</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Swahili_coast" title="Swahili coast">Swahili coast</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Virunga_Mountains" title="Virunga Mountains">Virunga Mountains</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Zanj" title="Zanj">Zanj</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Horn_of_Africa" title="Horn of Africa">Horn of Africa</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Afar_Triangle" title="Afar Triangle">Afar Triangle</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Al-Habash" title="Al-Habash">Al-Habash</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Barbara_(region)" title="Barbara (region)">Barbara</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Danakil_Alps" title="Danakil Alps">Danakil Alps</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Danakil_Desert" title="Danakil Desert">Danakil Desert</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Highlands" title="Ethiopian Highlands">Ethiopian Highlands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Aden" title="Gulf of Aden">Gulf of Aden</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Tadjoura" title="Gulf of Tadjoura">Gulf of Tadjoura</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean_islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Ocean islands">Indian Ocean islands</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Comoros_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Comoros Islands">Comoros Islands</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/North_Africa" title="North Africa">North Africa</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb">Maghreb</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Barbary_Coast" title="Barbary Coast">Barbary Coast</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bashmur" title="Bashmur">Bashmur</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ancient_Libya" title="Ancient Libya">Ancient Libya</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Atlas_Mountains" title="Atlas Mountains">Atlas Mountains</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nile_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Nile Valley">Nile Valley</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cataracts_of_the_Nile" title="Cataracts of the Nile">Cataracts of the Nile</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Darfur" title="Darfur">Darfur</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Aqaba" title="Gulf of Aqaba">Gulf of Aqaba</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lower_Egypt" title="Lower Egypt">Lower Egypt</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lower_Nubia" title="Lower Nubia">Lower Nubia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Middle_Egypt" title="Middle Egypt">Middle Egypt</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nile_Delta" title="Nile Delta">Nile Delta</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nuba_Mountains" title="Nuba Mountains">Nuba Mountains</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nubia" title="Nubia">Nubia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/The_Sudans" title="The Sudans">The Sudans</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Upper_Egypt" title="Upper Egypt">Upper Egypt</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Western_Sahara" title="Western Sahara">Western Sahara</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/West_Africa" title="West Africa">West Africa</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pepper_Coast" title="Pepper Coast">Pepper Coast</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gold_Coast_(region)" title="Gold Coast (region)">Gold Coast</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Slave_Coast_of_West_Africa" title="Slave Coast of West Africa">Slave Coast</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cape_Palmas" title="Cape Palmas">Cape Palmas</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cape_Mesurado" title="Cape Mesurado">Cape Mesurado</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Guinea_(region)" title="Guinea (region)">Guinea region</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Guinea" title="Gulf of Guinea">Gulf of Guinea</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Niger_River" title="Niger River">Niger Basin</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Guinean_Forests_of_West_Africa" title="Guinean Forests of West Africa">Guinean Forests of West Africa</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Niger_Delta" title="Niger Delta">Niger Delta</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Inner_Niger_Delta" title="Inner Niger Delta">Inner Niger Delta</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Southern_Africa" title="Southern Africa">Southern Africa</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Central_Highlands_(Madagascar)" title="Central Highlands (Madagascar)">Central Highlands (Madagascar)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northern_Highlands" title="Northern Highlands">Northern Highlands</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rhodesia_(region)" title="Rhodesia (region)">Rhodesia</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northern_Rhodesia" title="Northern Rhodesia">North</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Southern_Rhodesia" title="Southern Rhodesia">South</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Thembuland" title="Thembuland">Thembuland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Succulent_Karoo" title="Succulent Karoo">Succulent Karoo</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nama_Karoo" title="Nama Karoo">Nama Karoo</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bushveld" title="Bushveld">Bushveld</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Highveld" title="Highveld">Highveld</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Fynbos" title="Fynbos">Fynbos</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cape_Floristic_Region" title="Cape Floristic Region">Cape Floristic Region</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kalahari_Desert" title="Kalahari Desert">Kalahari Desert</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Okavango_Delta" title="Okavango Delta">Okavango Delta</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/False_Bay" title="False Bay">False Bay</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hydra_Bay" title="Hydra Bay">Hydra Bay</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Macro-regions</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Aethiopia" title="Aethiopia">Aethiopia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Arab_world" title="Arab world">Arab world</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Commonwealth_realm" title="Commonwealth realm">Commonwealth realm</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/East_African_montane_forests" title="East African montane forests">East African montane forests</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eastern_Desert" title="Eastern Desert">Eastern Desert</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Equatorial_Africa" title="Equatorial Africa">Equatorial Africa</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7afrique" title="Françafrique">Françafrique</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Arc" title="Gibraltar Arc">Gibraltar Arc</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greater_Middle_East" title="Greater Middle East">Greater Middle East</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Islands_of_Africa" title="Islands of Africa">Islands of Africa</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_countries_where_Arabic_is_an_official_language" title="List of countries where Arabic is an official language">List of countries where Arabic is an official language</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Basin" title="Mediterranean Basin">Mediterranean Basin</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/MENA" title="MENA">MENA</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/MENASA" title="MENASA">MENASA</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mittelafrika" title="Mittelafrika">Mittelafrika</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Negroland" title="Negroland">Negroland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northeast_Africa" title="Northeast Africa">Northeast Africa</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Portuguese-speaking_African_countries" title="Portuguese-speaking African countries">Portuguese-speaking African countries</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sahara" title="Sahara">Sahara</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sahel" title="Sahel">Sahel</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sub-Saharan_Africa" title="Sub-Saharan Africa">Sub-Saharan Africa</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sudan_(region)" title="Sudan (region)">Sudan (region)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sudanian_Savanna" title="Sudanian Savanna">Sudanian Savanna</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tibesti_Mountains" title="Tibesti Mountains">Tibesti Mountains</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tropical_Africa" title="Tropical Africa">Tropical Africa</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
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<DIV id="Regions_of_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Regions of <A href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</A></DIV>
</TH>
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greater_Middle_East" title="Greater Middle East">Greater Middle East</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Aral_Sea" title="Aral Sea">Aral Sea</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Aralkum_Desert" title="Aralkum Desert">Aralkum Desert</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A class="mw-selflink selflink">Dead Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sea_of_Galilee" title="Sea of Galilee">Sea of Galilee</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Transoxiana" title="Transoxiana">Transoxiana</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Turan" title="Turan">Turan</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greater_Khorasan" title="Greater Khorasan">Greater Khorasan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ariana" title="Ariana">Ariana</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Khwarezm" title="Khwarezm">Khwarezm</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sistan" title="Sistan">Sistan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kazakhstania" title="Kazakhstania">Kazakhstania</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eurasian_Steppe" title="Eurasian Steppe">Eurasian Steppe</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Asian_Steppe" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian Steppe">Asian Steppe</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kazakh_Steppe" title="Kazakh Steppe">Kazakh Steppe</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pontic%E2%80%93Caspian_steppe" title="Pontic–Caspian steppe">Pontic–Caspian steppe</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mongolian-Manchurian_grassland" title="Mongolian-Manchurian grassland">Mongolian-Manchurian grassland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wild_Fields" title="Wild Fields">Wild Fields</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Yedisan" title="Yedisan">Yedisan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Muravsky_Trail" title="Muravsky Trail">Muravsky Trail</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ural_(region)" title="Ural (region)">Ural</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ural_Mountains" title="Ural Mountains">Ural Mountains</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Volga_region" title="Volga region">Volga region</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Idel-Ural" title="Idel-Ural">Idel-Ural</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kolyma" title="Kolyma">Kolyma</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Transbaikal" title="Transbaikal">Transbaikal</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pryazovia" title="Pryazovia">Pryazovia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bjarmaland" title="Bjarmaland">Bjarmaland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kuban" title="Kuban">Kuban</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Zalesye" title="Zalesye">Zalesye</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ingria" title="Ingria">Ingria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Novorossiya" title="Novorossiya">Novorossiya</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gornaya_Shoriya" title="Gornaya Shoriya">Gornaya Shoriya</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tulgas" title="Tulgas">Tulgas</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Iranian_Plateau" title="Iranian Plateau">Iranian Plateau</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Altai_Mountains" title="Altai Mountains">Altai Mountains</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pamir_Mountains" title="Pamir Mountains">Pamir Mountains</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tian_Shan" title="Tian Shan">Tian Shan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Badakhshan" title="Badakhshan">Badakhshan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wakhan_Corridor" title="Wakhan Corridor">Wakhan Corridor</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wakhjir_Pass" title="Wakhjir Pass">Wakhjir Pass</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mount_Imeon" title="Mount Imeon">Mount Imeon</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mongolian_Plateau" title="Mongolian Plateau">Mongolian Plateau</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Western_Regions" title="Western Regions">Western Regions</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Taklamakan_Desert" title="Taklamakan Desert">Taklamakan Desert</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Karakoram" title="Karakoram">Karakoram</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Trans-Karakoram_Tract" title="Trans-Karakoram Tract">Trans-Karakoram Tract</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Siachen_Glacier" title="Siachen Glacier">Siachen Glacier</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/North_Asia" title="North Asia">North</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Inner_Asia" title="Inner Asia">Inner Asia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northeast_Asia" title="Northeast Asia">Northeast</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Far_East" title="Far East">Far East</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Russian_Far_East" title="Russian Far East">Russian Far East</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Okhotsk-Manchurian_taiga" title="Okhotsk-Manchurian taiga">Okhotsk-Manchurian taiga</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Far_North_(Russia)" title="Far North (Russia)">Extreme North</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Baikalia" title="Baikalia">Baikalia</A> (<A href="/wiki/Lake_Baikal" title="Lake Baikal">Lake Baikal</A>)</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Transbaikal" title="Transbaikal">Transbaikal</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Khatanga_Gulf" title="Khatanga Gulf">Khatanga Gulf</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Baraba_steppe" title="Baraba steppe">Baraba steppe</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kamchatka_Peninsula" title="Kamchatka Peninsula">Kamchatka Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Amur_River" title="Amur River">Amur Basin</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Yenisei_Gulf" title="Yenisei Gulf">Yenisei Gulf</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Yenisei_River" title="Yenisei River">Yenisei Basin</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Beringia" title="Beringia">Beringia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sikhote-Alin" title="Sikhote-Alin">Sikhote-Alin</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Japanese_archipelago" title="Japanese archipelago">Japanese archipelago</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northeastern_Japan_Arc" title="Northeastern Japan Arc">Northeastern Japan Arc</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sakhalin_Island_Arc" title="Sakhalin Island Arc">Sakhalin Island Arc</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Korean_Peninsula" title="Korean Peninsula">Korean Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gobi_Desert" title="Gobi Desert">Gobi Desert</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Taklamakan_Desert" title="Taklamakan Desert">Taklamakan Desert</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greater_Khingan" title="Greater Khingan">Greater Khingan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mongolian_Plateau" title="Mongolian Plateau">Mongolian Plateau</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Inner_Asia" title="Inner Asia">Inner Asia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia" title="Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Outer_Mongolia" title="Outer Mongolia">Outer Mongolia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/China_proper" title="China proper">China proper</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Manchuria" title="Manchuria">Manchuria</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Outer_Manchuria" title="Outer Manchuria">Outer Manchuria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Inner_Manchuria" class="mw-redirect" title="Inner Manchuria">Inner Manchuria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northeast_China_Plain" title="Northeast China Plain">Northeast China Plain</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mongolian-Manchurian_grassland" title="Mongolian-Manchurian grassland">Mongolian-Manchurian grassland</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/North_China_Plain" title="North China Plain">North China Plain</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Yan_Mountains" title="Yan Mountains">Yan Mountains</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kunlun_Mountains" title="Kunlun Mountains">Kunlun Mountains</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Liaodong_Peninsula" title="Liaodong Peninsula">Liaodong Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas">Himalayas</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tibetan_Plateau" title="Tibetan Plateau">Tibetan Plateau</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tarim_Basin" title="Tarim Basin">Tarim Basin</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northern_Silk_Road" title="Northern Silk Road">Northern Silk Road</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hexi_Corridor" title="Hexi Corridor">Hexi Corridor</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nanzhong" title="Nanzhong">Nanzhong</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lingnan" title="Lingnan">Lingnan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Liangguang" title="Liangguang">Liangguang</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Jiangnan" title="Jiangnan">Jiangnan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Jianghuai" title="Jianghuai">Jianghuai</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Guanzhong" title="Guanzhong">Guanzhong</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Huizhou_(region)" title="Huizhou (region)">Huizhou</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wu_(region)" title="Wu (region)">Wu</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Jiaozhou_(region)" title="Jiaozhou (region)">Jiaozhou</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Zhongyuan" title="Zhongyuan">Zhongyuan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Shaannan" title="Shaannan">Shaannan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ordos_Loop" class="mw-redirect" title="Ordos Loop">Ordos Loop</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Loess_Plateau" title="Loess Plateau">Loess Plateau</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Shaanbei" title="Shaanbei">Shaanbei</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hamgyong_Mountains" title="Hamgyong Mountains">Hamgyong Mountains</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Central_Mountain_Range" title="Central Mountain Range">Central Mountain Range</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Japanese_Alps" title="Japanese Alps">Japanese Alps</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Suzuka_Mountains" title="Suzuka Mountains">Suzuka Mountains</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Leizhou_Peninsula" title="Leizhou Peninsula">Leizhou Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Tonkin" title="Gulf of Tonkin">Gulf of Tonkin</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Yangtze_River_Delta" title="Yangtze River Delta">Yangtze River Delta</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pearl_River_Delta" title="Pearl River Delta">Pearl River Delta</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Yenisei_River" title="Yenisei River">Yenisei Basin</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Altai_Mountains" title="Altai Mountains">Altai Mountains</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wakhan_Corridor" title="Wakhan Corridor">Wakhan Corridor</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wakhjir_Pass" title="Wakhjir Pass">Wakhjir Pass</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Western_Asia" title="Western Asia">West</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greater_Middle_East" title="Greater Middle East">Greater Middle East</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/MENA" title="MENA">MENA</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/MENASA" title="MENASA">MENASA</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Red_Sea" title="Red Sea">Red Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Zagros_Mountains" title="Zagros Mountains">Zagros Mountains</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf" title="Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pirate_Coast" class="mw-redirect" title="Pirate Coast">Pirate Coast</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Strait_of_Hormuz" title="Strait of Hormuz">Strait of Hormuz</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greater_and_Lesser_Tunbs" title="Greater and Lesser Tunbs">Greater and Lesser Tunbs</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Al-Faw_Peninsula" title="Al-Faw Peninsula">Al-Faw Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Oman" title="Gulf of Oman">Gulf of Oman</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Aqaba" title="Gulf of Aqaba">Gulf of Aqaba</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Aden" title="Gulf of Aden">Gulf of Aden</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Balochistan" title="Balochistan">Balochistan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian Peninsula</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Najd" title="Najd">Najd</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hejaz</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tihamah" title="Tihamah">Tihamah</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eastern_Arabia" title="Eastern Arabia">Eastern Arabia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/South_Arabia" title="South Arabia">South Arabia</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hadhramaut" title="Hadhramaut">Hadhramaut</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula_coastal_fog_desert" title="Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert">Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tigris%E2%80%93Euphrates_river_system" title="Tigris–Euphrates river system">Tigris–Euphrates</A></LI>
<LI>Mesopotamia
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Upper_Mesopotamia" title="Upper Mesopotamia">Upper Mesopotamia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lower_Mesopotamia" class="mw-redirect" title="Lower Mesopotamia">Lower Mesopotamia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sawad" title="Sawad">Sawad</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nineveh_plains" title="Nineveh plains">Nineveh plains</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Akkad_(region)" title="Akkad (region)">Akkad (region)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Babylonia" title="Babylonia">Babylonia</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Canaan" title="Canaan">Canaan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Aram_(biblical_region)" title="Aram (biblical region)">Aram</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eber-Nari" title="Eber-Nari">Eber-Nari</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Suhum" title="Suhum">Suhum</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eastern_Mediterranean" title="Eastern Mediterranean">Eastern Mediterranean</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mashriq" title="Mashriq">Mashriq</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan">Kurdistan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Levant" title="Levant">Levant</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Southern_Levant" title="Southern Levant">Southern Levant</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Transjordan_(region)" title="Transjordan (region)">Transjordan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Jordan_Rift_Valley" title="Jordan Rift Valley">Jordan Rift Valley</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Land_of_Israel" title="Land of Israel">Israel</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Levantine_Sea" title="Levantine Sea">Levantine Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Golan_Heights" title="Golan Heights">Golan Heights</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hula_Valley" title="Hula Valley">Hula Valley</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Galilee" title="Galilee">Galilee</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gilead" title="Gilead">Gilead</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Judea" title="Judea">Judea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Samaria" title="Samaria">Samaria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Arabah" title="Arabah">Arabah</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Anti-Lebanon_Mountains" title="Anti-Lebanon Mountains">Anti-Lebanon Mountains</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sinai_Peninsula" title="Sinai Peninsula">Sinai Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Arabian_Desert" title="Arabian Desert">Arabian Desert</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Syrian_Desert" title="Syrian Desert">Syrian Desert</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Fertile_Crescent" title="Fertile Crescent">Fertile Crescent</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_(Iran)" title="Azerbaijan (Iran)">Azerbaijan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Syria_(region)" title="Syria (region)">Syria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Palestine_(region)" title="Palestine (region)">Palestine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Iranian_Plateau" title="Iranian Plateau">Iranian Plateau</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Armenian_Highlands" title="Armenian Highlands">Armenian Highlands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Caucasus_Mountains" title="Caucasus Mountains">Caucasus Mountains</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greater_Caucasus" title="Greater Caucasus">Greater Caucasus</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lesser_Caucasus" title="Lesser Caucasus">Lesser Caucasus</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/North_Caucasus" title="North Caucasus">North Caucasus</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Transcaucasia" title="Transcaucasia">South Caucasus</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kur-Araz_Lowland" title="Kur-Araz Lowland">Kur-Araz Lowland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lankaran_Lowland" title="Lankaran Lowland">Lankaran Lowland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Alborz" title="Alborz">Alborz</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Absheron_Peninsula" title="Absheron Peninsula">Absheron Peninsula</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Anatolia" title="Anatolia">Anatolia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cilicia" title="Cilicia">Cilicia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cappadocia" title="Cappadocia">Cappadocia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Alpide_belt" title="Alpide belt">Alpide belt</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greater_India" title="Greater India">Greater India</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas">Himalayas</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hindu_Kush" title="Hindu Kush">Hindu Kush</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Western_Ghats" title="Western Ghats">Western Ghats</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eastern_Ghats" title="Eastern Ghats">Eastern Ghats</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ganges_Basin" title="Ganges Basin">Ganges Basin</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ganges_Delta" title="Ganges Delta">Ganges Delta</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pashtunistan" title="Pashtunistan">Pashtunistan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Punjab" title="Punjab">Punjab</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Balochistan" title="Balochistan">Balochistan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kashmir" title="Kashmir">Kashmir</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kashmir_Valley" title="Kashmir Valley">Kashmir Valley</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pir_Panjal_Range" title="Pir Panjal Range">Pir Panjal Range</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Thar_Desert" title="Thar Desert">Thar Desert</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indus_River" title="Indus River">Indus Valley</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indus_River_Delta" title="Indus River Delta">Indus River Delta</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_Desert" title="Indus Valley Desert">Indus Valley Desert</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indo-Gangetic_Plain" title="Indo-Gangetic Plain">Indo-Gangetic Plain</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eastern_coastal_plains" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern coastal plains">Eastern coastal plains</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Western_Coastal_Plains" title="Western Coastal Plains">Western Coastal Plains</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Meghalaya_subtropical_forests" title="Meghalaya subtropical forests">Meghalaya subtropical forests</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/MENASA" title="MENASA">MENASA</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lower_Gangetic_plains_moist_deciduous_forests" title="Lower Gangetic plains moist deciduous forests">Lower Gangetic plains moist deciduous forests</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northwestern_Himalayan_alpine_shrub_and_meadows" title="Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows">Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Doab" title="Doab">Doab</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bagar_tract" title="Bagar tract">Bagar tract</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Great_Rann_of_Kutch" title="Great Rann of Kutch">Great Rann of Kutch</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Little_Rann_of_Kutch" title="Little Rann of Kutch">Little Rann of Kutch</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Deccan_Plateau" title="Deccan Plateau">Deccan Plateau</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Coromandel_Coast" title="Coromandel Coast">Coromandel Coast</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Konkan" title="Konkan">Konkan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/False_Divi_Point" title="False Divi Point">False Divi Point</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hindi_Belt" title="Hindi Belt">Hindi Belt</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ladakh" title="Ladakh">Ladakh</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Aksai_Chin" title="Aksai Chin">Aksai Chin</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gilgit-Baltistan" title="Gilgit-Baltistan">Gilgit-Baltistan</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Baltistan" title="Baltistan">Baltistan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Shigar_Valley" title="Shigar Valley">Shigar Valley</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Karakoram" title="Karakoram">Karakoram</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Saltoro_Mountains" title="Saltoro Mountains">Saltoro Mountains</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Siachen_Glacier" title="Siachen Glacier">Siachen Glacier</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal" title="Bay of Bengal">Bay of Bengal</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Khambhat" title="Gulf of Khambhat">Gulf of Khambhat</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Kutch" title="Gulf of Kutch">Gulf of Kutch</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mannar" title="Gulf of Mannar">Gulf of Mannar</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Trans-Karakoram_Tract" title="Trans-Karakoram Tract">Trans-Karakoram Tract</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wakhan_Corridor" title="Wakhan Corridor">Wakhan Corridor</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wakhjir_Pass" title="Wakhjir Pass">Wakhjir Pass</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lakshadweep" title="Lakshadweep">Lakshadweep</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Andaman_and_Nicobar_Islands" title="Andaman and Nicobar Islands">Andaman and Nicobar Islands</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Andaman_Islands" title="Andaman Islands">Andaman Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nicobar_Islands" title="Nicobar Islands">Nicobar Islands</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Maldive_Islands" title="Maldive Islands">Maldive Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Alpide_belt" title="Alpide belt">Alpide belt</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mainland_Southeast_Asia" title="Mainland Southeast Asia">Mainland</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indochina" title="Indochina">Indochina</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Malay_Peninsula" title="Malay Peninsula">Malay Peninsula</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Maritime_Southeast_Asia" title="Maritime Southeast Asia">Maritime</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Peninsular_Malaysia" title="Peninsular Malaysia">Peninsular Malaysia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sunda_Islands" title="Sunda Islands">Sunda Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greater_Sunda_Islands" title="Greater Sunda Islands">Greater Sunda Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lesser_Sunda_Islands" title="Lesser Sunda Islands">Lesser Sunda Islands</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indonesian_Archipelago" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesian Archipelago">Indonesian Archipelago</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Timor" title="Timor">Timor</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/New_Guinea" title="New Guinea">New Guinea</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bonis_Peninsula" title="Bonis Peninsula">Bonis Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Papuan_Peninsula" title="Papuan Peninsula">Papuan Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Huon_Peninsula" title="Huon Peninsula">Huon Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Huon_Gulf" title="Huon Gulf">Huon Gulf</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bird%27s_Head_Peninsula" title="Bird's Head Peninsula">Bird's Head Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gazelle_Peninsula" title="Gazelle Peninsula">Gazelle Peninsula</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Philippine_Archipelago" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine Archipelago">Philippine Archipelago</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Luzon" title="Luzon">Luzon</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Visayas" title="Visayas">Visayas</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mindanao" title="Mindanao">Mindanao</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Leyte_Gulf" title="Leyte Gulf">Leyte Gulf</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Thailand" title="Gulf of Thailand">Gulf of Thailand</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/East_Indies" title="East Indies">East Indies</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nanyang_(region)" title="Nanyang (region)">Nanyang</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Alpide_belt" title="Alpide belt">Alpide belt</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Asia-Pacific" title="Asia-Pacific">Asia-Pacific</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tropical_Asia" title="Tropical Asia">Tropical Asia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ring_of_Fire" title="Ring of Fire">Ring of Fire</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</DIV>
<DIV role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Regions_of_Europe" style="padding:3px">
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</DIV>
<DIV id="Regions_of_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Regions of <A href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</A></DIV>
</TH>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Northern_Europe" title="Northern Europe">North</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nordic_countries" title="Nordic countries">Nordic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northwestern_Europe" title="Northwestern Europe">Northwestern</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Scandinavia" title="Scandinavia">Scandinavia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Scandinavian_Peninsula" title="Scandinavian Peninsula">Scandinavian Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Fennoscandia" title="Fennoscandia">Fennoscandia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Baltoscandia" title="Baltoscandia">Baltoscandia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/S%C3%A1pmi" title="Sápmi">Sápmi</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/West_Nordic_Council" title="West Nordic Council">West Nordic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Baltic_states" title="Baltic states">Baltic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Bothnia" title="Gulf of Bothnia">Gulf of Bothnia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Finland" title="Gulf of Finland">Gulf of Finland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Faroe_Islands" title="Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Eastern_Europe" title="Eastern Europe">East</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Danube" title="Danube">Danubian countries</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Prussia_(region)" title="Prussia (region)">Prussia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Galicia_(Eastern_Europe)" title="Galicia (Eastern Europe)">Galicia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Volhynia" title="Volhynia">Volhynia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Donbass" title="Donbass">Donbass</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sloboda_Ukraine" title="Sloboda Ukraine">Sloboda Ukraine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sambia_Peninsula" title="Sambia Peninsula">Sambia Peninsula</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Amber_Coast" title="Amber Coast">Amber Coast</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Curonian_Spit" title="Curonian Spit">Curonian Spit</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Izyum_Trail" title="Izyum Trail">Izyum Trail</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lithuania_Minor" title="Lithuania Minor">Lithuania Minor</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nemunas_Delta" title="Nemunas Delta">Nemunas Delta</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Baltic_states" title="Baltic states">Baltic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Vyborg_Bay" title="Vyborg Bay">Vyborg Bay</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Karelia" title="Karelia">Karelia</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/East_Karelia" title="East Karelia">East Karelia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Karelian_Isthmus" title="Karelian Isthmus">Karelian Isthmus</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lokhaniemi" title="Lokhaniemi">Lokhaniemi</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Southeast_Europe" title="Southeast Europe">Southeastern</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkans</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Aegean_Islands" title="Aegean Islands">Aegean Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Chania" title="Gulf of Chania">Gulf of Chania</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/North_Caucasus" title="North Caucasus">North Caucasus</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greater_Caucasus" title="Greater Caucasus">Greater Caucasus</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kabardia" title="Kabardia">Kabardia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/European_Russia" title="European Russia">European Russia</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Southern_Russia" title="Southern Russia">Southern Russia</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Central_Europe" title="Central Europe">Central</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Baltic_states" title="Baltic states">Baltic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Alpine_states" title="Alpine states">Alpine states</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Alpide_belt" title="Alpide belt">Alpide belt</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mitteleuropa" title="Mitteleuropa">Mitteleuropa</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Visegr%C3%A1d_Group" title="Visegrád Group">Visegrád Group</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Western_Europe" title="Western Europe">West</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Benelux" title="Benelux">Benelux</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Low_Countries" title="Low Countries">Low Countries</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northwestern_Europe" title="Northwestern Europe">Northwest</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/British_Isles" title="British Isles">British Isles</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/English_Channel" title="English Channel">English Channel</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Channel_Islands" title="Channel Islands">Channel Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cotentin_Peninsula" title="Cotentin Peninsula">Cotentin Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Normandy" title="Normandy">Normandy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Brittany" title="Brittany">Brittany</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Lion" title="Gulf of Lion">Gulf of Lion</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberia</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Al-Andalus" title="Al-Andalus">Al-Andalus</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Baetic_System" title="Baetic System">Baetic System</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pyrenees" title="Pyrenees">Pyrenees</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Alpide_belt" title="Alpide belt">Alpide belt</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Southern_Europe" title="Southern Europe">South</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Italian_Peninsula" title="Italian Peninsula">Italian Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Insular_Italy" title="Insular Italy">Insular Italy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tuscan_Archipelago" title="Tuscan Archipelago">Tuscan Archipelago</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Aegadian_Islands" title="Aegadian Islands">Aegadian Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberia</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Al-Andalus" title="Al-Andalus">Al-Andalus</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Baetic_System" title="Baetic System">Baetic System</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Arc" title="Gibraltar Arc">Gibraltar Arc</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Southeast_Europe" title="Southeast Europe">Southeastern</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Basin" title="Mediterranean Basin">Mediterranean</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Crimea" title="Crimea">Crimea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Alpide_belt" title="Alpide belt">Alpide belt</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Germanic-speaking_Europe" title="Germanic-speaking Europe">Germanic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Celtic_nations" title="Celtic nations">Celtic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Slavs" title="Slavs">Slavic countries</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Uralic_peoples" title="Uralic peoples">Uralic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/European_Plain" title="European Plain">European Plain</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eurasian_Steppe" title="Eurasian Steppe">Eurasian Steppe</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pontic%E2%80%93Caspian_steppe" title="Pontic–Caspian steppe">Pontic–Caspian steppe</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wild_Fields" title="Wild Fields">Wild Fields</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pannonian_Basin" title="Pannonian Basin">Pannonian Basin</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Great_Hungarian_Plain" title="Great Hungarian Plain">Great Hungarian Plain</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Little_Hungarian_Plain" title="Little Hungarian Plain">Little Hungarian Plain</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eastern_Slovak_Lowland" title="Eastern Slovak Lowland">Eastern Slovak Lowland</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</DIV>
<DIV role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Regions_of_North_America" style="padding:3px">
<TABLE class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit" id="collapsibleTable6">
<TBODY><TR>
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</UL>
</DIV>
<DIV id="Regions_of_North_America" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Regions of <A href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</A></DIV>
</TH>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Northern_America" title="Northern America">Northern</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eastern_Canada" title="Eastern Canada">Eastern Canada</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Western_Canada" title="Western Canada">Western Canada</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Canadian_Prairies" title="Canadian Prairies">Canadian Prairies</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Central_Canada" title="Central Canada">Central Canada</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northern_Canada" title="Northern Canada">Northern Canada</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Atlantic_Canada" title="Atlantic Canada">Atlantic Canada</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/The_Maritimes" title="The Maritimes">The Maritimes</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/French_Canadians" title="French Canadians">French Canada</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/English_Canada" title="English Canada">English Canada</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Acadia" title="Acadia">Acadia</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Acadian_Peninsula" title="Acadian Peninsula">Acadian Peninsula</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Quebec_City%E2%80%93Windsor_Corridor" title="Quebec City–Windsor Corridor">Quebec City–Windsor Corridor</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Peace_River_Country" title="Peace River Country">Peace River Country</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cypress_Hills_(Canada)" title="Cypress Hills (Canada)">Cypress Hills</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Palliser%27s_Triangle" title="Palliser's Triangle">Palliser's Triangle</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Canadian_Shield" title="Canadian Shield">Canadian Shield</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Interior_Alaska-Yukon_lowland_taiga" title="Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga">Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Newfoundland_(island)" title="Newfoundland (island)">Newfoundland (island)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Vancouver_Island" title="Vancouver Island">Vancouver Island</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_Islands" title="Gulf Islands">Gulf Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Strait_of_Georgia" title="Strait of Georgia">Strait of Georgia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Canadian_Arctic_Archipelago" title="Canadian Arctic Archipelago">Canadian Arctic Archipelago</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Labrador_Peninsula" title="Labrador Peninsula">Labrador Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gasp%C3%A9_Peninsula" title="Gaspé Peninsula">Gaspé Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Avalon_Peninsula" title="Avalon Peninsula">Avalon Peninsula</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bay_de_Verde_Peninsula" title="Bay de Verde Peninsula">Bay de Verde Peninsula</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Brodeur_Peninsula" title="Brodeur Peninsula">Brodeur Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Melville_Peninsula" title="Melville Peninsula">Melville Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bruce_Peninsula" title="Bruce Peninsula">Bruce Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Banks_Peninsula_(Nunavut)" title="Banks Peninsula (Nunavut)">Banks Peninsula (Nunavut)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cook_Peninsula" title="Cook Peninsula">Cook Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Boothia" title="Gulf of Boothia">Gulf of Boothia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Georgian_Bay" title="Georgian Bay">Georgian Bay</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hudson_Bay" title="Hudson Bay">Hudson Bay</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/James_Bay" title="James Bay">James Bay</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pacific_Northwest" title="Pacific Northwest">Pacific Northwest</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Inland_Northwest_(United_States)" title="Inland Northwest (United States)">Inland Northwest</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northeastern_United_States" title="Northeastern United States">Northeast</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mid-Atlantic_(United_States)" title="Mid-Atlantic (United States)">Mid-Atlantic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Commonwealth_(U.S._state)" title="Commonwealth (U.S. state)">Commonwealth</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Western_United_States" title="Western United States">West</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwest</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Upper_Midwest" title="Upper Midwest">Upper Midwest</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mountain_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountain States">Mountain States</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Intermountain_West" title="Intermountain West">Intermountain West</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Basin_and_Range_Province" title="Basin and Range Province">Basin and Range Province</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Oregon_Trail" title="Oregon Trail">Oregon Trail</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mormon_Corridor" title="Mormon Corridor">Mormon Corridor</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Calumet_Region" title="Calumet Region">Calumet Region</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">Southwest</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Old_Southwest" title="Old Southwest">Old Southwest</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Llano_Estacado" title="Llano Estacado">Llano Estacado</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Central_United_States" title="Central United States">Central United States</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tallgrass_prairie" title="Tallgrass prairie">Tallgrass prairie</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">South</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/South_Central_United_States" title="South Central United States">South Central</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Deep_South" title="Deep South">Deep South</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Upland_South" title="Upland South">Upland South</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Four_Corners" title="Four Corners">Four Corners</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/East_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="East Coast of the United States">East Coast</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">West Coast</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="Gulf Coast of the United States">Gulf Coast</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Third_Coast" title="Third Coast">Third Coast</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Coastal_states" class="mw-redirect" title="Coastal states">Coastal states</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eastern_United_States" title="Eastern United States">Eastern United States</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Appalachia" title="Appalachia">Appalachia</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Trans-Mississippi" title="Trans-Mississippi">Trans-Mississippi</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Great_North_Woods" title="Great North Woods">Great North Woods</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Great_Plains" title="Great Plains">Great Plains</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Interior_Plains" title="Interior Plains">Interior Plains</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_region" title="Great Lakes region">Great Lakes</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Great_Basin" title="Great Basin">Great Basin</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Great_Basin_Desert" title="Great Basin Desert">Great Basin Desert</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Acadia" title="Acadia">Acadia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ozarks" title="Ozarks">Ozarks</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ark-La-Tex" title="Ark-La-Tex">Ark-La-Tex</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Waxhaws" title="Waxhaws">Waxhaws</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Siouxland" title="Siouxland">Siouxland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Twin_Tiers" title="Twin Tiers">Twin Tiers</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Driftless_Area" title="Driftless Area">Driftless Area</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Palouse" title="Palouse">Palouse</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Piedmont_(United_States)" title="Piedmont (United States)">Piedmont</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Atlantic_coastal_plain" title="Atlantic coastal plain">Atlantic coastal plain</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Outer_Lands" title="Outer Lands">Outer Lands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Black_Dirt_Region" title="Black Dirt Region">Black Dirt Region</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Blackstone_Valley" title="Blackstone Valley">Blackstone Valley</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Piney_Woods" title="Piney Woods">Piney Woods</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky Mountains</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mojave_Desert" title="Mojave Desert">Mojave Desert</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/The_Dakotas" title="The Dakotas">The Dakotas</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/The_Carolinas" title="The Carolinas">The Carolinas</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Shawnee_Hills" title="Shawnee Hills">Shawnee Hills</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/San_Fernando_Valley" title="San Fernando Valley">San Fernando Valley</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tornado_Alley" title="Tornado Alley">Tornado Alley</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/North_Coast_(California)" title="North Coast (California)">North Coast</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lost_Coast" title="Lost Coast">Lost Coast</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Emerald_Triangle" title="Emerald Triangle">Emerald Triangle</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="San Francisco Bay Area">San Francisco Bay Area</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay" title="San Francisco Bay">San Francisco Bay</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/North_Bay_(San_Francisco_Bay_Area)" title="North Bay (San Francisco Bay Area)">North Bay (San Francisco Bay Area)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/East_Bay_(San_Francisco_Bay_Area)" title="East Bay (San Francisco Bay Area)">East Bay (San Francisco Bay Area)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Silicon_Valley" title="Silicon Valley">Silicon Valley</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Interior_Alaska-Yukon_lowland_taiga" title="Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga">Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lower_Colorado_River_Valley" title="Lower Colorado River Valley">Lower Colorado River Valley</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sacramento%E2%80%93San_Joaquin_River_Delta" title="Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta">Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Yukon%E2%80%93Kuskokwim_Delta" title="Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta">Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Colville_Delta" title="Colville Delta">Colville Delta</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Arkansas_Delta" title="Arkansas Delta">Arkansas Delta</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mobile%E2%80%93Tensaw_River_Delta" title="Mobile–Tensaw River Delta">Mobile–Tensaw River Delta</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mississippi_Delta" title="Mississippi Delta">Mississippi Delta</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mississippi_River_Delta" title="Mississippi River Delta">Mississippi River Delta</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Columbia_River_Estuary" title="Columbia River Estuary">Columbia River Estuary</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Great_Basin" title="Great Basin">Great Basin</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/High_Desert_(California)" title="High Desert (California)">High Desert</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Monterey_Peninsula" title="Monterey Peninsula">Monterey Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Upper_Peninsula_of_Michigan" title="Upper Peninsula of Michigan">Upper Peninsula of Michigan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lower_Peninsula_of_Michigan" title="Lower Peninsula of Michigan">Lower Peninsula of Michigan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Virginia_Peninsula" title="Virginia Peninsula">Virginia Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Keweenaw_Peninsula" title="Keweenaw Peninsula">Keweenaw Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Middle_Peninsula" title="Middle Peninsula">Middle Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Delmarva_Peninsula" title="Delmarva Peninsula">Delmarva Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Alaska_Peninsula" title="Alaska Peninsula">Alaska Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kenai_Peninsula" title="Kenai Peninsula">Kenai Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Niagara_Peninsula" title="Niagara Peninsula">Niagara Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Beringia" title="Beringia">Beringia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_belt_regions_of_the_United_States" title="List of belt regions of the United States">Belt regions</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bible_Belt" title="Bible Belt">Bible Belt</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Black_Belt_(U.S._region)" title="Black Belt (U.S. region)">Black Belt</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Corn_Belt" title="Corn Belt">Corn Belt</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cotton_Belt" title="Cotton Belt">Cotton Belt</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Frost_Belt" title="Frost Belt">Frost Belt</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rice_Belt" title="Rice Belt">Rice Belt</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rust_Belt" title="Rust Belt">Rust Belt</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sun_Belt" title="Sun Belt">Sun Belt</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Snowbelt" title="Snowbelt">Snow Belt</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northern_Mexico" title="Northern Mexico">Northern Mexico</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Baja_California_Peninsula" title="Baja California Peninsula">Baja California Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_California" title="Gulf of California">Gulf of California</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Colorado_River_Delta" title="Colorado River Delta">Colorado River Delta</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Soconusco" title="Soconusco">Soconusco</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tierra_Caliente_(Mexico)" title="Tierra Caliente (Mexico)">Tierra Caliente</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/La_Mixteca" title="La Mixteca">La Mixteca</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/La_Huasteca" title="La Huasteca">La Huasteca</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Baj%C3%ADo" title="Bajío">Bajío</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Valley_of_Mexico" title="Valley of Mexico">Valley of Mexico</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mezquital_Valley" title="Mezquital Valley">Mezquital Valley</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sierra_Madre_de_Oaxaca" title="Sierra Madre de Oaxaca">Sierra Madre de Oaxaca</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula" title="Yucatán Peninsula">Yucatán Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Basin_and_Range_Province" title="Basin and Range Province">Basin and Range Province</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Western_Caribbean_Zone" title="Western Caribbean Zone">Western Caribbean Zone</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Isthmus_of_Panama" title="Isthmus of Panama">Isthmus of Panama</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Panama" title="Gulf of Panama">Gulf of Panama</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pearl_Islands" title="Pearl Islands">Pearl Islands</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Azuero_Peninsula" title="Azuero Peninsula">Azuero Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mosquito_Coast" title="Mosquito Coast">Mosquito Coast</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/West_Indies" title="West Indies">West Indies</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Antilles" title="Antilles">Antilles</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greater_Antilles" title="Greater Antilles">Greater Antilles</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lesser_Antilles" title="Lesser Antilles">Lesser Antilles</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Leeward_Islands" title="Leeward Islands">Leeward</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Leeward_Antilles" title="Leeward Antilles">Leeward Antilles</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Windward_Islands" title="Windward Islands">Windward</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lucayan_Archipelago" title="Lucayan Archipelago">Lucayan Archipelago</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Southern_Caribbean" title="Southern Caribbean">Southern Caribbean</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Aridoamerica" title="Aridoamerica">Aridoamerica</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mesoamerica" title="Mesoamerica">Mesoamerica</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Oasisamerica" title="Oasisamerica">Oasisamerica</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northern_America" title="Northern America">Northern</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Middle_America_(Americas)" title="Middle America (Americas)">Middle</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Anglo-America" title="Anglo-America">Anglo</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/French_America" title="French America">French</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hispanic_America" title="Hispanic America">Hispanic</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/American_Cordillera" title="American Cordillera">American Cordillera</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ring_of_Fire" title="Ring of Fire">Ring of Fire</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Latin_America_and_the_Caribbean_(region)" title="Latin America and the Caribbean (region)">LAC</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</DIV>
<DIV role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Regions_of_Oceania" style="padding:3px">
<TABLE class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit" id="collapsibleTable7">
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<DIV id="Regions_of_Oceania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Regions of <A href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceania</A></DIV>
</TH>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Australasia" title="Australasia">Australasia</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Carpentaria" title="Gulf of Carpentaria">Gulf of Carpentaria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/New_Guinea" title="New Guinea">New Guinea</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bonis_Peninsula" title="Bonis Peninsula">Bonis Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Papuan_Peninsula" title="Papuan Peninsula">Papuan Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Huon_Peninsula" title="Huon Peninsula">Huon Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Huon_Gulf" title="Huon Gulf">Huon Gulf</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bird%27s_Head_Peninsula" title="Bird's Head Peninsula">Bird's Head Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gazelle_Peninsula" title="Gazelle Peninsula">Gazelle Peninsula</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/South_Island" title="South Island">South Island</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/North_Island" title="North Island">North Island</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Coromandel_Peninsula" title="Coromandel Peninsula">Coromandel Peninsula</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Zealandia" title="Zealandia">Zealandia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/New_Caledonia" title="New Caledonia">New Caledonia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands_(archipelago)" title="Solomon Islands (archipelago)">Solomon Islands (archipelago)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kula_Gulf" title="Kula Gulf">Kula Gulf</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Australia_(continent)" title="Australia (continent)">Australia</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Capital_Country" title="Capital Country">Capital Country</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eastern_states_of_Australia" title="Eastern states of Australia">Eastern Australia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lake_Eyre_basin" title="Lake Eyre basin">Lake Eyre basin</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Murray%E2%80%93Darling_basin" title="Murray–Darling basin">Murray–Darling basin</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northern_Australia" title="Northern Australia">Northern Australia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nullarbor_Plain" title="Nullarbor Plain">Nullarbor Plain</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Outback" title="Outback">Outback</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Southern_Australia" title="Southern Australia">Southern Australia</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Maralinga" title="Maralinga">Maralinga</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sunraysia" title="Sunraysia">Sunraysia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Great_Victoria_Desert" title="Great Victoria Desert">Great Victoria Desert</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Carpentaria" title="Gulf of Carpentaria">Gulf of Carpentaria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_St_Vincent" title="Gulf St Vincent">Gulf St Vincent</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lefevre_Peninsula" title="Lefevre Peninsula">Lefevre Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Fleurieu_Peninsula" title="Fleurieu Peninsula">Fleurieu Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Yorke_Peninsula" title="Yorke Peninsula">Yorke Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eyre_Peninsula" title="Eyre Peninsula">Eyre Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mornington_Peninsula" title="Mornington Peninsula">Mornington Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bellarine_Peninsula" title="Bellarine Peninsula">Bellarine Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mount_Henry_Peninsula" title="Mount Henry Peninsula">Mount Henry Peninsula</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Melanesia" title="Melanesia">Melanesia</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Islands_Region" title="Islands Region">Islands Region</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bismarck_Archipelago" title="Bismarck Archipelago">Bismarck Archipelago</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands_(archipelago)" title="Solomon Islands (archipelago)">Solomon Islands Archipelago</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/New_Caledonia" title="New Caledonia">New Caledonia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Micronesia" title="Micronesia">Micronesia</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Caroline_Islands" title="Caroline Islands">Caroline Islands</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Palau" title="Palau">Palau</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kiribati" title="Kiribati">Kiribati</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Marshall_Islands" title="Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauru</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wake_Island" title="Wake Island">Wake Island</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Polynesia" title="Polynesia">Polynesia</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Easter_Island" title="Easter Island">Easter Island</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Islands" title="Hawaiian Islands">Hawaiian Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/French_Polynesia" title="French Polynesia">French Polynesia</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Austral_Islands" title="Austral Islands">Austral Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gambier_Islands" title="Gambier Islands">Gambier Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Marquesas_Islands" title="Marquesas Islands">Marquesas Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Society_Islands" title="Society Islands">Society Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tuamotu" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuamotu">Tuamotu</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kermadec_Islands" title="Kermadec Islands">Kermadec Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mangareva_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Mangareva Islands">Mangareva Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tokelau" title="Tokelau">Tokelau</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ring_of_Fire" title="Ring of Fire">Ring of Fire</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</DIV>
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<DIV id="Regions_of_South_America" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Regions of <A href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</A></DIV>
</TH>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Brazilian_Highlands" title="Brazilian Highlands">East</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Amazon_basin" title="Amazon basin">Amazon basin</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Atlantic_Forest" title="Atlantic Forest">Atlantic Forest</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Caatinga" title="Caatinga">Caatinga</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cerrado" title="Cerrado">Cerrado</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Caribbean_South_America" title="Caribbean South America">Caribbean South America</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/West_Indies" title="West Indies">West Indies</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Los_Llanos_(South_America)" title="Los Llanos (South America)">Los Llanos</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/The_Guianas" title="The Guianas">The Guianas</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Amazon_basin" title="Amazon basin">Amazon basin</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Amazon_rainforest" title="Amazon rainforest">Amazon rainforest</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Paria" title="Gulf of Paria">Gulf of Paria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Paria_Peninsula" title="Paria Peninsula">Paria Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Paraguan%C3%A1_Peninsula" title="Paraguaná Peninsula">Paraguaná Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Orinoco_Delta" title="Orinoco Delta">Orinoco Delta</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Southern_Cone" title="Southern Cone">South</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tierra_del_Fuego" title="Tierra del Fuego">Tierra del Fuego</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Patagonia" title="Patagonia">Patagonia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pampas" title="Pampas">Pampas</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pantanal" title="Pantanal">Pantanal</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gran_Chaco" title="Gran Chaco">Gran Chaco</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Chiquitano_dry_forests" title="Chiquitano dry forests">Chiquitano dry forests</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Valdes_Peninsula" title="Valdes Peninsula">Valdes Peninsula</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Andean_states" title="Andean states">West</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Andes" title="Andes">Andes</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tropical_Andes" title="Tropical Andes">Tropical Andes</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wet_Andes" title="Wet Andes">Wet Andes</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Dry_Andes" title="Dry Andes">Dry Andes</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pariacaca_mountain_range" title="Pariacaca mountain range">Pariacaca mountain range</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Altiplano" title="Altiplano">Altiplano</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Atacama_Desert" title="Atacama Desert">Atacama Desert</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hispanic_America" title="Hispanic America">Hispanic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/American_Cordillera" title="American Cordillera">American Cordillera</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ring_of_Fire" title="Ring of Fire">Ring of Fire</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Latin_America_and_the_Caribbean_(region)" title="Latin America and the Caribbean (region)">LAC</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</DIV>
<DIV role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Polar_regions" style="padding:3px">
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<DIV id="Polar_regions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><A href="/wiki/Polar_regions_of_Earth" title="Polar regions of Earth">Polar regions</A></DIV>
</TH>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Antarctic" title="Antarctic">Antarctic</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Antarctic_Peninsula" title="Antarctic Peninsula">Antarctic Peninsula</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/East_Antarctica" title="East Antarctica">East Antarctica</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/West_Antarctica" title="West Antarctica">West Antarctica</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eklund_Islands" title="Eklund Islands">Eklund Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Antarctic_ecozone" class="mw-redirect" title="Antarctic ecozone">Ecozone</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Extreme_points_of_the_Antarctic" class="mw-redirect" title="Extreme points of the Antarctic">Extreme points</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_Antarctic_and_subantarctic_islands" title="List of Antarctic and subantarctic islands">Islands</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Arctic" title="Arctic">Arctic</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Arctic_Alaska" title="Arctic Alaska">Arctic Alaska</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/British_Arctic_Territories" title="British Arctic Territories">British Arctic Territories</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Canadian_Arctic_Archipelago" title="Canadian Arctic Archipelago">Canadian Arctic Archipelago</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Finnmark" title="Finnmark">Finnmark</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northern_Canada" title="Northern Canada">Northern Canada</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northwest_Territories" title="Northwest Territories">Northwest Territories</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nunavik" title="Nunavik">Nunavik</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nunavut" title="Nunavut">Nunavut</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Extreme_North" class="mw-redirect" title="Extreme North">Russian Arctic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sakha_Republic" title="Sakha Republic">Sakha</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/S%C3%A1pmi" title="Sápmi">Sápmi</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Yukon" title="Yukon">Yukon</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/North_American_Arctic" title="North American Arctic">North American Arctic</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</DIV>
<DIV role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Earth&#039;s_oceans_and_seas" style="padding:3px">
<TABLE class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit" id="collapsibleTable10">
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<LI class="nv-view"><A href="/wiki/Template:List_of_seas" title="Template:List of seas"><ABBR title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">v</ABBR></A></LI>
<LI class="nv-talk"><A href="/wiki/Template_talk:List_of_seas" title="Template talk:List of seas"><ABBR title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">t</ABBR></A></LI>
<LI class="nv-edit"><A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:List_of_seas&action=edit"><ABBR title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">e</ABBR></A></LI>
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</DIV>
<DIV id="Earth&#039;s_oceans_and_seas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><A href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</A>'s <A href="/wiki/Ocean" title="Ocean">oceans</A> and <A href="/wiki/List_of_seas" title="List of seas">seas</A></DIV>
</TH>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Arctic_Ocean" title="Arctic Ocean">Arctic Ocean</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Amundsen_Gulf" title="Amundsen Gulf">Amundsen Gulf</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Barents_Sea" title="Barents Sea">Barents Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Beaufort_Sea" title="Beaufort Sea">Beaufort Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Chukchi_Sea" title="Chukchi Sea">Chukchi Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/East_Siberian_Sea" title="East Siberian Sea">East Siberian Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greenland_Sea" title="Greenland Sea">Greenland Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Boothia" title="Gulf of Boothia">Gulf of Boothia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kara_Sea" title="Kara Sea">Kara Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Laptev_Sea" title="Laptev Sea">Laptev Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lincoln_Sea" title="Lincoln Sea">Lincoln Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Prince_Gustav_Adolf_Sea" title="Prince Gustav Adolf Sea">Prince Gustav Adolf Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pechora_Sea" title="Pechora Sea">Pechora Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria_Sea" title="Queen Victoria Sea">Queen Victoria Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wandel_Sea" title="Wandel Sea">Wandel Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/White_Sea" title="White Sea">White Sea</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adriatic_Sea" title="Adriatic Sea">Adriatic Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Aegean_Sea" title="Aegean Sea">Aegean Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Alboran_Sea" title="Alboran Sea">Alboran Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Archipelago_Sea" title="Archipelago Sea">Archipelago Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Argentine_Sea" title="Argentine Sea">Argentine Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Baffin_Bay" title="Baffin Bay">Baffin Bay</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Balearic_Sea" title="Balearic Sea">Balearic Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bay_of_Biscay" title="Bay of Biscay">Bay of Biscay</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bothnian_Bay" title="Bothnian Bay">Bay of Bothnia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bay_of_Campeche" title="Bay of Campeche">Bay of Campeche</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bay_of_Fundy" title="Bay of Fundy">Bay of Fundy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bothnian_Sea" title="Bothnian Sea">Bothnian Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Caribbean_Sea" title="Caribbean Sea">Caribbean Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Celtic_Sea" title="Celtic Sea">Celtic Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/English_Channel" title="English Channel">English Channel</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Foxe_Basin" title="Foxe Basin">Foxe Basin</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greenland_Sea" title="Greenland Sea">Greenland Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Bothnia" title="Gulf of Bothnia">Gulf of Bothnia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Finland" title="Gulf of Finland">Gulf of Finland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Lion" title="Gulf of Lion">Gulf of Lion</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Guinea" title="Gulf of Guinea">Gulf of Guinea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Maine" title="Gulf of Maine">Gulf of Maine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Saint_Lawrence" title="Gulf of Saint Lawrence">Gulf of Saint Lawrence</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Sirte" title="Gulf of Sirte">Gulf of Sidra</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Venezuela" title="Gulf of Venezuela">Gulf of Venezuela</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hudson_Bay" title="Hudson Bay">Hudson Bay</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ionian_Sea" title="Ionian Sea">Ionian Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Irish_Sea" title="Irish Sea">Irish Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Irminger_Sea" title="Irminger Sea">Irminger Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/James_Bay" title="James Bay">James Bay</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Labrador_Sea" title="Labrador Sea">Labrador Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Levantine_Sea" title="Levantine Sea">Levantine Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Libyan_Sea" title="Libyan Sea">Libyan Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ligurian_Sea" title="Ligurian Sea">Ligurian Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sea_of_Marmara" title="Sea of Marmara">Marmara Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Myrtoan_Sea" title="Myrtoan Sea">Myrtoan Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/North_Sea" title="North Sea">North Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Norwegian_Sea" title="Norwegian Sea">Norwegian Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sargasso_Sea" title="Sargasso Sea">Sargasso Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sea_of_%C3%85land" title="Sea of Åland">Sea of Åland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sea_of_Azov" title="Sea of Azov">Sea of Azov</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sea_of_Crete" title="Sea of Crete">Sea of Crete</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sea_of_the_Hebrides" title="Sea of the Hebrides">Sea of the Hebrides</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Thracian_Sea" title="Thracian Sea">Thracian Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tyrrhenian_Sea" title="Tyrrhenian Sea">Tyrrhenian Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wadden_Sea" title="Wadden Sea">Wadden Sea</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Andaman_Sea" title="Andaman Sea">Andaman Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Arabian_Sea" title="Arabian Sea">Arabian Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bali_Sea" title="Bali Sea">Bali Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal" title="Bay of Bengal">Bay of Bengal</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Flores_Sea" title="Flores Sea">Flores Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Great_Australian_Bight" title="Great Australian Bight">Great Australian Bight</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Aden" title="Gulf of Aden">Gulf of Aden</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Aqaba" title="Gulf of Aqaba">Gulf of Aqaba</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Khambhat" title="Gulf of Khambhat">Gulf of Khambhat</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Kutch" title="Gulf of Kutch">Gulf of Kutch</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Oman" title="Gulf of Oman">Gulf of Oman</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Suez" title="Gulf of Suez">Gulf of Suez</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Java_Sea" title="Java Sea">Java Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Laccadive_Sea" title="Laccadive Sea">Laccadive Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mozambique_Channel" title="Mozambique Channel">Mozambique Channel</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf" title="Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Red_Sea" title="Red Sea">Red Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Timor_Sea" title="Timor Sea">Timor Sea</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Arafura_Sea" title="Arafura Sea">Arafura Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Banda_Sea" title="Banda Sea">Banda Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bering_Sea" title="Bering Sea">Bering Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bismarck_Sea" title="Bismarck Sea">Bismarck Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bohai_Sea" title="Bohai Sea">Bohai Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bohol_Sea" title="Bohol Sea">Bohol Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Camotes_Sea" title="Camotes Sea">Camotes Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Celebes_Sea" title="Celebes Sea">Celebes Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ceram_Sea" title="Ceram Sea">Ceram Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Chilean_Sea" title="Chilean Sea">Chilean Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Coral_Sea" title="Coral Sea">Coral Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/East_China_Sea" title="East China Sea">East China Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Alaska" title="Gulf of Alaska">Gulf of Alaska</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Anadyr" title="Gulf of Anadyr">Gulf of Anadyr</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_California" title="Gulf of California">Gulf of California</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Carpentaria" title="Gulf of Carpentaria">Gulf of Carpentaria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Fonseca" title="Gulf of Fonseca">Gulf of Fonseca</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Panama" title="Gulf of Panama">Gulf of Panama</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Thailand" title="Gulf of Thailand">Gulf of Thailand</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Tonkin" title="Gulf of Tonkin">Gulf of Tonkin</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Halmahera_Sea" title="Halmahera Sea">Halmahera Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Koro_Sea" title="Koro Sea">Koro Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mar_de_Grau" title="Mar de Grau">Mar de Grau</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Molucca_Sea" title="Molucca Sea">Molucca Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Moro_Gulf" title="Moro Gulf">Moro Gulf</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Philippine_Sea" title="Philippine Sea">Philippine Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Salish_Sea" title="Salish Sea">Salish Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Savu_Sea" title="Savu Sea">Savu Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sea_of_Japan" title="Sea of Japan">Sea of Japan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sea_of_Okhotsk" title="Sea of Okhotsk">Sea of Okhotsk</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Seto_Inland_Sea" title="Seto Inland Sea">Seto Inland Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Shantar_Sea" title="Shantar Sea">Shantar Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sibuyan_Sea" title="Sibuyan Sea">Sibuyan Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Solomon_Sea" title="Solomon Sea">Solomon Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/South_China_Sea" title="South China Sea">South China Sea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sulu_Sea" title="Sulu Sea">Sulu Sea</A></LI>
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			<H3 id="p-lang-label">Languages</H3>
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								<UL>
					<LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af" style="display: none;"><A href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dooie_See" title="Dooie See – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am" style="display: none;"><A href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%A8%E1%8B%8D_%E1%89%A3%E1%88%95%E1%88%AD" title="ጨው ባሕር – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle" title="featured article"><A href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="البحر الميت – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an" style="display: none;"><A href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Muerta" title="Mar Muerta – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc" style="display: none;"><A href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%9D%DC%A1%DC%90_%DC%95%DC%A1%DC%A0%DC%9A%DC%90" title="ܝܡܐ ܕܡܠܚܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" class="interlanguage-link-target">ܐܪܡܝܐ</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as" style="display: none;"><A href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%87%27%E0%A6%A1_%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%80" title="ডে'ড ছী – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Muertu" title="Mar Muertu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az" style="display: none;"><A href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96l%C3%BC_d%C9%99niz" title="Ölü dəniz – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb" style="display: none;"><A href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88_%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B2" title="اولو دنیز – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn" style="display: none;"><A href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B0" title="মৃত সাগর – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan" style="display: none;"><A href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%AD-h%C3%A1i" title="Sí-hái – Chinese (Min Nan)" lang="zh-min-nan" hreflang="zh-min-nan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bân-lâm-gú</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D2%A3%D0%B3%D0%B5%D2%99" title="Үле диңгеҙ – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be" style="display: none;"><A href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%91%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Мёртвае мора – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old" style="display: none;"><A href="https://be-x-old.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%91%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Мёртвае мора – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-x-old" hreflang="be-x-old" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg" style="display: none;"><A href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Мъртво море – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs" style="display: none;"><A href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mrtvo_more" title="Mrtvo more – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br" style="display: none;"><A href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mor_Marv" title="Mor Marv – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Morta" title="Mar Morta – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv" style="display: none;"><A href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BD%D3%97_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%C4%95%D1%81" title="Вилнӗ тинĕс – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_Sea_(lanaw_sa_Hordanya)" title="Dead Sea (lanaw sa Hordanya) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs" style="display: none;"><A href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mrtv%C3%A9_mo%C5%99e" title="Mrtvé moře – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co" style="display: none;"><A href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_Mortu" title="Mari Mortu – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy" style="display: none;"><A href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B4r_Marw" title="Môr Marw – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da" style="display: none;"><A href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_D%C3%B8de_Hav" title="Det Døde Hav – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de" style="display: none;"><A href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totes_Meer" title="Totes Meer – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv" style="display: none;"><A href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%91%DE%AC%DE%91%DE%B0%DE%90%DE%A9" title="ޑެޑްސީ – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb" style="display: none;"><A href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wumar%C5%82e_m%C3%B3rjo" title="Wumarłe mórjo – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dolnoserbski</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et" style="display: none;"><A href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surnumeri" title="Surnumeri – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el" style="display: none;"><A href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AC_%CE%B8%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Νεκρά θάλασσα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es"><A href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Muerto" title="Mar Muerto – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo" style="display: none;"><A href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morta_Maro" title="Morta Maro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu" style="display: none;"><A href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itsaso_Hila" title="Itsaso Hila – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa" style="display: none;"><A href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%87" title="دریای مرده – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif" style="display: none;"><A href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_Sea" title="Dead Sea – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo" style="display: none;"><A href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dey%C3%B0ahav" title="Deyðahav – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr" style="display: none;"><A href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mer_Morte" title="Mer Morte – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy" style="display: none;"><A href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deade_See" title="Deade See – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Mhuir_Mharbh" title="An Mhuir Mharbh – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl" style="display: none;"><A href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Morto" title="Mar Morto – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%AC%ED%95%B4" title="사해 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy" style="display: none;"><A href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A5%D5%BC%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%AC_%D5%AE%D5%B8%D5%BE" title="Մեռյալ ծով – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi"><A href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0" title="मृत सागर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb" style="display: none;"><A href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mortwe_morjo" title="Mortwe morjo – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hornjoserbsce</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr" style="display: none;"><A href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mrtvo_more" title="Mrtvo more – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id"><A href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laut_Mati" title="Laut Mati – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Morte" title="Mar Morte – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is" style="display: none;"><A href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dau%C3%B0ahaf" title="Dauðahaf – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it" style="display: none;"><A href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Morto" title="Mar Morto – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle" title="featured article"><A href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%97" title="ים המלח – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv" style="display: none;"><A href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laut_Mati" title="Laut Mati – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Jawa</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn" style="display: none;"><A href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%80" title="ಡೆಡ್ ಸೀ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%99%E1%83%95%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%96%E1%83%A6%E1%83%95%E1%83%90" title="მკვდარი ზღვა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb" style="display: none;"><A href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martw%C3%A9_M%C3%B2rze" title="Martwé Mòrze – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kaszëbsczi</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk" style="display: none;"><A href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%A8%D0%BB%D1%96_%D1%82%D0%B5%D2%A3%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96" title="Өлі теңізі – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw" style="display: none;"><A href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mor_Marow" title="Mor Marow – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahari_ya_Chumvi" title="Bahari ya Chumvi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gola_Mir%C3%AE" title="Gola Mirî – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B7_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D2%A3%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Жансыз деңиз – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la" style="display: none;"><A href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mare_Mortuum" title="Mare Mortuum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv" style="display: none;"><A href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C4%81ves_j%C5%ABra" title="Nāves jūra – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb" style="display: none;"><A href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doudegt_Mier" title="Doudegt Mier – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt" style="display: none;"><A href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negyvoji_j%C5%ABra" title="Negyvoji jūra – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li" style="display: none;"><A href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doeaj_Zie%C3%AB" title="Doeaj Zieë – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu" style="display: none;"><A href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holt-tenger" title="Holt-tenger – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai" style="display: none;"><A href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0" title="मृत सागर – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk" style="display: none;"><A href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Мртво Море – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%BD" title="ചാവുകടൽ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr" style="display: none;"><A href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="मृत समुद्र – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf" style="display: none;"><A href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A6%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%96%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A6%E1%83%90" title="ღურელი ზუღა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz" style="display: none;"><A href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="البحر الميت – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms"><A href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laut_Mati" title="Laut Mati – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo" style="display: none;"><A href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%AB-h%C4%81i" title="Sī-hāi – Min Dong Chinese" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn" style="display: none;"><A href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D3%A9%D0%BD%D3%A9%D1%81%D3%A9%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Сөнөсөн тэнгис – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my" style="display: none;"><A href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9E%E1%80%B1" title="ပင်လယ်သေ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl" style="display: none;"><A href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dode_Zee" title="Dode Zee – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0" title="मृत सागर – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new" style="display: none;"><A href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0" title="मृत सागर – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%BB%E6%B5%B7" title="死海 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no" style="display: none;"><A href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B8dehavet" title="Dødehavet – Norwegian" lang="no" hreflang="no" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn" style="display: none;"><A href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daudehavet" title="Daudehavet – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc" style="display: none;"><A href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_M%C3%B2rta" title="Mar Mòrta – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr" style="display: none;"><A href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%BE_%D1%82%D0%B5%D2%A5%D1%8B%D0%B7" title="Колышо теҥыз – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Олык марий</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz" style="display: none;"><A href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%CA%BBlik_dengiz" title="Oʻlik dengiz – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa" style="display: none;"><A href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0" title="ਮੁਰਦਾ ਸਮੁੰਦਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb" style="display: none;"><A href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="مریا سمندر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms" style="display: none;"><A href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_M%C3%B2rt" title="Mar Mòrt – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl" style="display: none;"><A href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morze_Martwe" title="Morze Martwe – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt" style="display: none;"><A href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Morto" title="Mar Morto – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duud_Meer" title="Duud Meer – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ripoarisch</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marea_Moart%C4%83" title="Marea Moartă – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu" style="display: none;"><A href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wa%C3%B1usqa_Qucha" title="Wañusqa Qucha – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue" style="display: none;"><A href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Мертве море – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru"><A href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%91%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Мёртвое море – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%83" title="मृतसागरः – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mare_Mortu" title="Mare Mortu – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deid_Sea" title="Deid Sea – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deti_i_Vdekur" title="Deti i Vdekur – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn" style="display: none;"><A href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_Mortu" title="Mari Mortu – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple" style="display: none;"><A href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_Sea" title="Dead Sea – Simple English" lang="simple" hreflang="simple" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C5%95tve_more" title="Mŕtve more – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mrtvo_morje" title="Mrtvo morje – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%88" title="دەریای مردوو – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Мртво море – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mrtvo_more" title="Mrtvo more – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi" style="display: none;"><A href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuollutmeri" title="Kuollutmeri – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B6da_havet" title="Döda havet – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl" style="display: none;"><A href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagat_Patay" title="Dagat Patay – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="சாக்கடல் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt" style="display: none;"><A href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D2%A3%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Үле диңгез – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча/tatarça</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te" style="display: none;"><A href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%83%E0%B0%A4_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81" title="మృత సముద్రము – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th" style="display: none;"><A href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5" title="ทะเลเดดซี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr" style="display: none;"><A href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lut_G%C3%B6l%C3%BC" title="Lut Gölü – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk" style="display: none;"><A href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96li_de%C5%88iz" title="Öli deňiz – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk" style="display: none;"><A href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Мертве море – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur"><A href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%81_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="بحیرہ مردار – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za" style="display: none;"><A href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haijdai" title="Haijdai – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vahcuengh</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi" style="display: none;"><A href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%E1%BB%83n_Ch%E1%BA%BFt" title="Biển Chết – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war" style="display: none;"><A href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagat_nga_patay" title="Dagat nga patay – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu" style="display: none;"><A href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%BB%E6%B5%B7" title="死海 – Wu Chinese" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi" style="display: none;"><A href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%97" title="ים המלח – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue" style="display: none;"><A href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%BB%E6%B5%B7" title="死海 – Cantonese" lang="zh-yue" hreflang="zh-yue" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg" style="display: none;"><A href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smert%C4%97is_j%C5%ABra" title="Smertėis jūra – Samogitian" lang="bat-smg" hreflang="bat-smg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh"><A href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%BB%E6%B5%B7" title="死海 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp" style="display: none;"><A href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Te%C5%8Bgu_K%C9%A9s%C9%A9b%CA%8B%CA%8B" title="Teŋgu Kɩsɩbʋʋ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</A></LI>				<BUTTON class="mw-interlanguage-selector mw-ui-button" title="All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)">115 more</BUTTON></UL>
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document_title: Dead Sea

token: Dead

token: Sea

token: wikipedia

token: Jump

token: to

token: navigation

token: search

token: For

token: the

token: novel

token: see

token: <Table>

token: <Tr>

token: <Th colspan="2">

token: ים

token: המלח

token: in

token: Hebrew

token: البحر

token: الميت

token: Arabic

token: <Td colspan="2">

token: A

token: view

token: of

token: sea

token: from

token: Israeli

token: shore

token: <Th>

token: Location

token: <Td>

token: Israel

token: Jordan

token: Palestine

token: Coordinates

token: N

token: E

token: Lake

token: type

token: Endorheic

token: Hypersaline

token: Primary

token: inflows

token: River

token: outflows

token: Catchment

token: area

token: km

token: sq

token: mi

token: Basin

token: countries

token: српскохрватски