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<H1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" lang="en">Succession to the British throne</H1>			<DIV id="bodyContent" class="mw-body-content">
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The Sovereign's Throne in the <A href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</A>, from which <A href="/wiki/Speech_from_the_throne" title="Speech from the throne">the speech</A> is delivered at <A href="/wiki/State_Openings_of_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="State Openings of Parliament">State Openings of Parliament</A></DIV>
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<P><B>Succession to the British throne</B> is determined by descent, gender (for people born before October 2011), legitimacy, and religion. Under <A href="/wiki/Common_law" title="Common law">common law</A>, the Crown is inherited by a sovereign's children or by a childless sovereign's nearest collateral line. The <A href="/wiki/Bill_of_Rights_1689" title="Bill of Rights 1689">Bill of Rights 1689</A> and the <A href="/wiki/Act_of_Settlement_1701" title="Act of Settlement 1701">Act of Settlement 1701</A>, restrict succession to the <A href="/wiki/Throne" title="Throne">throne</A> to the legitimate Protestant descendants of <A href="/wiki/Sophia_of_Hanover" title="Sophia of Hanover">Sophia of Hanover</A> that are in "<A href="/wiki/Communion_(Christian)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communion (Christian)">communion</A> with the <A href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</A>".<SUP id="cite_ref-BM_1-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-BM-1">[1]</A></SUP> Spouses of <A href="/wiki/Roman_Catholics" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholics">Roman Catholics</A> were disqualified from 1689 until the law was amended in 2015. Protestant descendants of those excluded for being Roman Catholics are eligible.<SUP id="cite_ref-bogdanor_55_2-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-bogdanor_55-2">[2]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Queen <A href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</A> is the sovereign, and her <A href="/wiki/Heir_apparent" title="Heir apparent">heir apparent</A> is her eldest son, <A href="/wiki/Charles,_Prince_of_Wales" title="Charles, Prince of Wales">Charles, Prince of Wales</A>. Next in line after him is <A href="/wiki/Prince_William,_Duke_of_Cambridge" title="Prince William, Duke of Cambridge">Prince William, Duke of Cambridge</A>, the Prince of Wales's elder son. Third in line is <A href="/wiki/Prince_George_of_Cambridge" title="Prince George of Cambridge">Prince George</A>, the eldest child of the Duke of Cambridge, followed by his sister, <A href="/wiki/Princess_Charlotte_of_Cambridge" title="Princess Charlotte of Cambridge">Princess Charlotte</A> and younger brother, <A href="/wiki/Prince_Louis_of_Cambridge" title="Prince Louis of Cambridge">Prince Louis</A>. Sixth in line is <A href="/wiki/Prince_Henry_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Henry of Wales">Prince Henry of Wales</A>, the younger son of the Prince of Wales. Any of the first six in line marrying without the sovereign's consent would be disqualified from succession.</P>
<P>The first four individuals in the line of succession who are over 21, and the sovereign's consort, may be appointed <A href="/wiki/Counsellor_of_State" title="Counsellor of State">Counsellors of State</A>. Counsellors of State perform some of the sovereign's duties in the United Kingdom while he or she is out of the country or temporarily incapacitated. Otherwise, individuals in the line of succession need not have specific legal or official roles.</P>
<P>The United Kingdom is one of the 16 <A href="/wiki/Commonwealth_realm" title="Commonwealth realm">Commonwealth realms</A>. Each of those countries has the same person as monarch and the same order of succession. In 2011, the prime ministers of the realms <A href="/wiki/Perth_Agreement" title="Perth Agreement">agreed unanimously</A> to adopt a common approach to amending the rules on the succession to their respective <A href="/wiki/The_Crown" title="The Crown">Crowns</A> so that absolute primogeniture would apply for persons born after the date of the agreement, instead of <A href="/wiki/Male-preference_primogeniture" class="mw-redirect" title="Male-preference primogeniture">male-preference primogeniture</A>, and the ban on marriages to Roman Catholics would be lifted, but the monarch would still need to be in communion with the <A href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</A>. After the necessary legislation had been enacted in accordance with each realm's constitution, the changes took effect on 26 March 2015.</P>
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<DIV id="toc" class="toc">
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<H2>Contents</H2>
<SPAN class="toctoggle"> [<A role="button" tabindex="0" class="togglelink">hide</A>] </SPAN></DIV>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><A href="#Current_line_of_succession"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Current line of succession</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><A href="#History"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">History</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><A href="#England"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">England</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><A href="#Scotland"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Scotland</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><A href="#After_the_union_of_the_crowns"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2.3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">After the union of the crowns</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-3 tocsection-6"><A href="#Stuarts"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2.3.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Stuarts</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-3 tocsection-7"><A href="#Hanoverians_and_Windsors"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2.3.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Hanoverians and Windsors</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><A href="#Commonwealth_realms"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2.4</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Commonwealth realms</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><A href="#Current_rules"><SPAN class="tocnumber">3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Current rules</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><A href="#Marriages"><SPAN class="tocnumber">3.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Marriages</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><A href="#Religion"><SPAN class="tocnumber">3.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Religion</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><A href="#Treason"><SPAN class="tocnumber">3.3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Treason</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><A href="#Accession"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Accession</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><A href="#See_also"><SPAN class="tocnumber">5</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">See also</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><A href="#Notes"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Notes</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><A href="#References"><SPAN class="tocnumber">7</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">References</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><A href="#Sources"><SPAN class="tocnumber">8</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Sources</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><A href="#External_links"><SPAN class="tocnumber">9</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">External links</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
<P></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Current_line_of_succession">Current line of succession</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Succession_to_the_British_throne&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Current line of succession">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
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<TH style="background:#CCBBEE; font-size: 95%; color:#000066; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaaaaa; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; text-align:center;" colspan="2">First six in line<SUP id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-3">[n 1]</A></SUP> from 23 April 2018</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>1. <A href="/wiki/Charles,_Prince_of_Wales" title="Charles, Prince of Wales">The Prince of Wales</A></TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/File:Charles,_Prince_of_Wales_at_COP21.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="Charles, Prince of Wales at COP21.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Charles%2C_Prince_of_Wales_at_COP21.jpg/40px-Charles%2C_Prince_of_Wales_at_COP21.jpg" width="40" height="48" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Charles%2C_Prince_of_Wales_at_COP21.jpg/60px-Charles%2C_Prince_of_Wales_at_COP21.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Charles%2C_Prince_of_Wales_at_COP21.jpg/80px-Charles%2C_Prince_of_Wales_at_COP21.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="1571" /></A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>2. <A href="/wiki/Prince_William,_Duke_of_Cambridge" title="Prince William, Duke of Cambridge">The Duke of Cambridge</A></TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/File:Prince_William,_Duke_of_Cambridge.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="Prince William, Duke of Cambridge.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Prince_William%2C_Duke_of_Cambridge.jpg/40px-Prince_William%2C_Duke_of_Cambridge.jpg" width="40" height="50" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Prince_William%2C_Duke_of_Cambridge.jpg/60px-Prince_William%2C_Duke_of_Cambridge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Prince_William%2C_Duke_of_Cambridge.jpg/80px-Prince_William%2C_Duke_of_Cambridge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="900" /></A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>3. <A href="/wiki/Prince_George_of_Cambridge" title="Prince George of Cambridge">Prince George of Cambridge</A></TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/File:Prince_George_of_Cambridge_color_fix.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="Prince George of Cambridge color fix.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Prince_George_of_Cambridge_color_fix.jpg/40px-Prince_George_of_Cambridge_color_fix.jpg" width="40" height="50" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Prince_George_of_Cambridge_color_fix.jpg/60px-Prince_George_of_Cambridge_color_fix.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Prince_George_of_Cambridge_color_fix.jpg/80px-Prince_George_of_Cambridge_color_fix.jpg 2x" data-file-width="490" data-file-height="611" /></A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>4. <A href="/wiki/Princess_Charlotte_of_Cambridge" title="Princess Charlotte of Cambridge">Princess Charlotte of Cambridge</A></TD>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>5. <A href="/wiki/Prince_Louis_of_Cambridge" title="Prince Louis of Cambridge">Prince Louis of Cambridge</A></TD>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>6. <A href="/wiki/Prince_Harry" title="Prince Harry">Prince Henry of Wales</A></TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/File:Prince_Harry_at_the_2017_Invictus_Games_opening_ceremony.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="Prince Harry at the 2017 Invictus Games opening ceremony.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Prince_Harry_at_the_2017_Invictus_Games_opening_ceremony.jpg/40px-Prince_Harry_at_the_2017_Invictus_Games_opening_ceremony.jpg" width="40" height="50" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Prince_Harry_at_the_2017_Invictus_Games_opening_ceremony.jpg/60px-Prince_Harry_at_the_2017_Invictus_Games_opening_ceremony.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Prince_Harry_at_the_2017_Invictus_Games_opening_ceremony.jpg/80px-Prince_Harry_at_the_2017_Invictus_Games_opening_ceremony.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="2000" /></A></TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
<P>No official, complete version of the line of succession is currently maintained. The exact number, in remoter collateral lines, of the persons who would be eligible is uncertain. In 2001 genealogist <A href="/wiki/William_Addams_Reitwiesner" title="William Addams Reitwiesner">William Addams Reitwiesner</A> compiled a list of 4,973 living descendants of the <A href="/wiki/Sophia_of_Hanover" title="Sophia of Hanover">Electress Sophia</A> in order of succession, but did so disregarding Roman Catholic status.<SUP id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-4">[3]</A></SUP> When updated in January 2011, the number was more than five thousand.<SUP id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-5">[4]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The annotated list below covers the first part of this line of succession, being limited to <A href="/wiki/List_of_descendants_of_George_V" class="mw-redirect" title="List of descendants of George V">descendants of the sons of George V</A> (the present Queen's grandfather). The order of the first seventeen numbered in the list is given on the official website of the British Monarchy;<SUP id="cite_ref-BM_1-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-BM-1">[1]</A></SUP> other list numbers and exclusions are explained by annotations (<A href="#notes_and_sources"><B>Notes and sources</B></A> below) and footnotes. Persons named in italics are unnumbered either because they are deceased or because sources report them to be excluded from the succession.</P>
<DIV class="treeview">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/File:Simple_silver_crown.svg" class="image"><IMG alt="Simple silver crown.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/15px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png" width="15" height="15" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/23px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/30px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></A> <I><A href="/wiki/King_George_V" class="mw-redirect" title="King George V">King George V</A> (1865–1936)</I>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/File:Simple_silver_crown.svg" class="image"><IMG alt="Simple silver crown.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/15px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png" width="15" height="15" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/23px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/30px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></A> <I><A href="/wiki/King_Edward_VIII" class="mw-redirect" title="King Edward VIII">King Edward VIII</A> (1894–1972)</I></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/File:Simple_silver_crown.svg" class="image"><IMG alt="Simple silver crown.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/15px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png" width="15" height="15" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/23px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Simple_silver_crown.svg/30px-Simple_silver_crown.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></A> <I><A href="/wiki/King_George_VI" class="mw-redirect" title="King George VI">King George VI</A> (1895–1952)</I>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/File:Simple_gold_crown.svg" class="image"><IMG alt="Simple gold crown.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Simple_gold_crown.svg/15px-Simple_gold_crown.svg.png" width="15" height="15" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Simple_gold_crown.svg/23px-Simple_gold_crown.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Simple_gold_crown.svg/30px-Simple_gold_crown.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></A> <B><A href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth II</A></B> (born 1926)
<UL>
<LI><B>(1)</B> <A href="/wiki/Charles,_Prince_of_Wales" title="Charles, Prince of Wales">Charles, Prince of Wales</A> (b. 1948) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">B D W</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI><B>(2)</B> <A href="/wiki/Prince_William,_Duke_of_Cambridge" title="Prince William, Duke of Cambridge">Prince William, Duke of Cambridge</A> (b. 1982) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">B D W</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI><B>(3)</B> <A href="/wiki/Prince_George_of_Cambridge" title="Prince George of Cambridge">Prince George of Cambridge</A> (b. 2013) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">B D W</A></SUP></LI>
<LI><B>(4)</B> <A href="/wiki/Princess_Charlotte_of_Cambridge" title="Princess Charlotte of Cambridge">Princess Charlotte of Cambridge</A> (b. 2015) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">B D W</A></SUP></LI>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(5)</B> <A href="/wiki/Prince_Louis_of_Cambridge" title="Prince Louis of Cambridge">Prince Louis of Cambridge</A> (b. 2018) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">B D</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(6)</B> <A href="/wiki/Prince_Henry_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Henry of Wales">Prince Henry of Wales</A> (Prince Harry) (b. 1984) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">B D W</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>(7)</B> <A href="/wiki/Prince_Andrew,_Duke_of_York" title="Prince Andrew, Duke of York">Prince Andrew, Duke of York</A> (b. 1960) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">B D W</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI><B>(8)</B> <A href="/wiki/Princess_Beatrice_of_York" title="Princess Beatrice of York">Princess Beatrice of York</A> (b. 1988) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">B D W</A></SUP></LI>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(9)</B> <A href="/wiki/Princess_Eugenie_of_York" title="Princess Eugenie of York">Princess Eugenie of York</A> (b. 1990) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">B D W</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>(10)</B> <A href="/wiki/Prince_Edward,_Earl_of_Wessex" title="Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex">Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex</A> (b. 1964) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">B D W</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI><B>(11)</B> <A href="/wiki/James,_Viscount_Severn" title="James, Viscount Severn">James, Viscount Severn</A> (b. 2007) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">B D W</A></SUP></LI>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(12)</B> <A href="/wiki/Lady_Louise_Windsor" title="Lady Louise Windsor">Lady Louise Windsor</A> (b. 2003) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">B D W</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(13)</B> <A href="/wiki/Anne,_Princess_Royal" title="Anne, Princess Royal">Anne, Princess Royal</A> (b. 1950) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">B D W</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI><B>(14)</B> <A href="/wiki/Peter_Phillips" title="Peter Phillips">Peter Phillips</A> (b. 1977) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">B D W</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI><B>(15)</B> Savannah Phillips (b. 2010) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">B D W</A></SUP></LI>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(16)</B> Isla Phillips (b. 2012) <SUP>B D W</SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(17)</B> <A href="/wiki/Zara_Tindall" title="Zara Tindall">Zara Tindall</A> (née Phillips; b. 1981) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">B D W</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(18)</B> Mia Tindall (b. 2014) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">W</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="lastline"><I><A href="/wiki/Princess_Margaret,_Countess_of_Snowdon" title="Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon">Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon</A> (1930–2002)</I> <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">1952</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI><B>(19)</B> <A href="/wiki/David_Armstrong-Jones,_2nd_Earl_of_Snowdon" title="David Armstrong-Jones, 2nd Earl of Snowdon">David Armstrong-Jones, 2nd Earl of Snowdon</A> (b. 1961) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">D W</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI><B>(20)</B> <A href="/wiki/Charles_Armstrong-Jones,_Viscount_Linley" title="Charles Armstrong-Jones, Viscount Linley">Charles Armstrong-Jones, Viscount Linley</A> (b. 1999) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">D W</A></SUP></LI>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(21)</B> <A href="/wiki/Lady_Margarita_Armstrong-Jones" title="Lady Margarita Armstrong-Jones">Lady Margarita Armstrong-Jones</A> (b. 2002) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">D W</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(22)</B> <A href="/wiki/Lady_Sarah_Chatto" title="Lady Sarah Chatto">Lady Sarah Chatto</A> (née Armstrong-Jones; b. 1964) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">D W</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI><B>(23)</B> Samuel Chatto (b. 1996) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">D W</A></SUP></LI>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(24)</B> Arthur Chatto (b. 1999) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">D W</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><I><A href="/wiki/Prince_Henry,_Duke_of_Gloucester" title="Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester">Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester</A> (1900–1974)</I> <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">1952</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(25)</B> <A href="/wiki/Prince_Richard,_Duke_of_Gloucester" title="Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester">Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester</A> (b. 1944) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">D W</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI><B>(26)</B> <A href="/wiki/Alexander_Windsor,_Earl_of_Ulster" title="Alexander Windsor, Earl of Ulster">Alexander Windsor, Earl of Ulster</A> (b. 1974) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">D W</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI><B>(27)</B> Xan Windsor, Lord Culloden (b. 2007) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">D W</A></SUP></LI>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(28)</B> Lady Cosima Windsor (b. 2010) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">D W</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>(29)</B> <A href="/wiki/Lady_Davina_Lewis" title="Lady Davina Lewis">Lady Davina Lewis</A> (née Windsor; b. 1977) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">D W</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI><B>(30)</B> Senna Lewis (b. 2010) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">D W</A></SUP></LI>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(31)</B> Tāne Lewis (b. 2012) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">W</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(32)</B> <A href="/wiki/Lady_Rose_Gilman" title="Lady Rose Gilman">Lady Rose Gilman</A> (née Windsor; b. 1980) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">D W</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI><B>(33)</B> Lyla Gilman (b. 2010) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">D W</A></SUP></LI>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(34)</B> Rufus Gilman (b. 2012) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">W</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="lastline"><I><A href="/wiki/Prince_George,_Duke_of_Kent" title="Prince George, Duke of Kent">Prince George, Duke of Kent</A> (1902–1942)</I>
<UL>
<LI><B>(35)</B> <A href="/wiki/Prince_Edward,_Duke_of_Kent" title="Prince Edward, Duke of Kent">Prince Edward, Duke of Kent</A> (b. 1935) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">D W</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI><B>(36)</B> <A href="/wiki/George_Windsor,_Earl_of_St_Andrews" title="George Windsor, Earl of St Andrews">George Windsor, Earl of St Andrews</A> (b. 1962) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">M D W</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI><I>Edward Windsor, Lord Downpatrick</I> (b. 1988) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">X D W</A></SUP></LI>
<LI><I>Lady Marina Charlotte Windsor</I> (b. 1992) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">X W</A></SUP> <SUP id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-6">[n 2]</A></SUP></LI>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(37)</B> Lady Amelia Windsor (b. 1995) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">D W</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><I><A href="/wiki/Lord_Nicholas_Windsor" title="Lord Nicholas Windsor">Lord Nicholas Windsor</A></I> (b. 1970) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">X D W</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI><B>(38)</B> Albert Windsor (b. 2007) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">D W</A></SUP> <SUP id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-7">[n 3]</A></SUP></LI>
<LI><B>(39)</B> Leopold Windsor (b. 2009) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">D W</A></SUP></LI>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(40)</B> Louis Windsor (b. 2014) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">D W</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(41)</B> <A href="/wiki/Lady_Helen_Taylor" title="Lady Helen Taylor">Lady Helen Taylor</A> (née Windsor; b. 1964) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">D W</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI><B>(42)</B> Columbus Taylor (b. 1994) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">D W</A></SUP></LI>
<LI><B>(43)</B> Cassius Taylor (b. 1996) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">D W</A></SUP></LI>
<LI><B>(44)</B> Eloise Taylor (b. 2003) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">D W</A></SUP></LI>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(45)</B> Estella Taylor (b. 2004) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">D W</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>(46)</B> <A href="/wiki/Prince_Michael_of_Kent" title="Prince Michael of Kent">Prince Michael of Kent</A> (b. 1942) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">M W</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI><B>(47)</B> <A href="/wiki/Lord_Frederick_Windsor" title="Lord Frederick Windsor">Lord Frederick Windsor</A> (b. 1979) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">W</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI><B>(48)</B> Maud Windsor (b. 2013) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">W</A></SUP></LI>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(49)</B> Isabella Windsor (b. 2016)</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(50)</B> <A href="/wiki/Lady_Gabriella_Windsor" title="Lady Gabriella Windsor">Lady Gabriella Windsor</A> (b. 1981) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">W</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(51)</B> <A href="/wiki/Princess_Alexandra,_The_Honourable_Lady_Ogilvy" title="Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy">Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy</A> (b. 1936) <SUP>W</SUP>
<UL>
<LI><B>(52)</B> <A href="/wiki/James_Ogilvy" title="James Ogilvy">James Ogilvy</A> (b. 1964) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">W</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI><B>(53)</B> Alexander Ogilvy (b. 1996) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">W</A></SUP></LI>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(54)</B> Flora Ogilvy (b. 1994) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">W</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(55)</B> Marina Ogilvy (b. 1966) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">W</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI><B>(56)</B> Christian Mowatt (b. 1993) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">W</A></SUP></LI>
<LI class="lastline"><B>(57)</B> Zenouska Mowatt (b. 1990) <SUP><A href="#notes_and_sources">W</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
<TABLE class="wikitable">
<CAPTION>Notes and sources<SPAN id="notes_and_sources"></SPAN></CAPTION>
<TBODY><TR>
<TH>Mark</TH>
<TH>Source for listing or note on exclusion from succession</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="2;" align=""center";" height="0px"></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center"><B>1952</B></TD>
<TD>Succession published on the accession of Queen Elizabeth II in 1952 <SUP id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-8">[5]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center"><B>B</B></TD>
<TD>Listed by the official website of the British Monarchy, <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.royal.uk/succession">"Succession"</A>, retrieved 27 April 2018.</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center"><B>D</B></TD>
<TD>Listed on <A href="/wiki/Debrett%27s" title="Debrett's">Debrett's</A> website (as of 27 April 2018): <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.debretts.com/the-royal-family/the-line-of-succession/">"The Line of Succession"</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center"><B>W</B></TD>
<TD>Listed by <I><A href="/wiki/Whitaker%27s_Almanack" title="Whitaker's Almanack">Whitaker's Almanack</A></I> 2015, London: Bloomsbury, <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4729-0929-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4729-0929-9">978-1-4729-0929-9</A>, p. 22</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="2;" align=""center";" height="0px"></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center"><B>M</B></TD>
<TD>These people had been excluded through marriage to a Roman Catholic. This exclusion was repealed on 26 March 2015, restoring them to the line of succession, when the <A href="/wiki/Perth_Agreement" title="Perth Agreement">Perth Agreement</A> came into effect.</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center"><B>X</B></TD>
<TD>Excluded as Roman Catholics. This exclusion is not affected by changes subsequent to the <A href="/wiki/Perth_Agreement" title="Perth Agreement">Perth Agreement</A>.</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="History">History</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Succession_to_the_British_throne&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
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<P>The current succession law in the United Kingdom evolved from succession law in both England and Scotland. Originally in both countries, there were no fixed rules governing succession to the throne. The individual could have relied on inheritance, statute, election (by <A href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Great_Britain" title="Parliament of Great Britain">Parliament</A> or by another body), nomination (by a reigning sovereign in his or her <A href="/wiki/Will_(law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Will (law)">will</A>), conquest or prescription (<I>de facto</I> possession of the Crown). It was often unclear which of these bases should take precedence; often, the outcome depended not on the legal strength of the claims, but on the political or military power of the claimants.</P>
<P>However, over time, the default rule became male primogeniture: later monarchs coming to the throne by exception to this rule went to great lengths to explain and justify going against these rules, and to prove their rivals illegitimate. Eventually, Parliament asserted control of succession.</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="England">England</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Succession_to_the_British_throne&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: England">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<P>In 1485, Henry Tudor, a female-line descendant of a legitimated branch of the <A href="/wiki/Royal_house" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal house">royal house</A> of <A href="/wiki/House_of_Lancaster" title="House of Lancaster">Lancaster</A>, the <A href="/wiki/House_of_Beaufort" title="House of Beaufort">House of Beaufort</A>, assumed the English crown as <A href="/wiki/Henry_VII_of_England" title="Henry VII of England">Henry VII</A>, after defeating <A href="/wiki/Richard_III_of_England" title="Richard III of England">Richard III</A>, who was killed at the <A href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bosworth_Field" title="Battle of Bosworth Field">battle of Bosworth</A> when leading a charge against Henry's standard. Richard was the last king of the <A href="/wiki/House_of_York" title="House of York">House of York</A>, and the last of the <A href="/wiki/House_of_Plantagenet" title="House of Plantagenet">Plantagenet dynasty</A>. Henry declared himself king retroactively from 21 August 1485, the day before his victory over Richard at Bosworth Field,<SUP id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-9">[6]</A></SUP> and caused Richard's <I><A href="/wiki/Titulus_Regius" title="Titulus Regius">Titulus Regius</A></I> to be repealed and expunged from the <A href="/wiki/Rolls_of_Parliament" title="Rolls of Parliament">Rolls of Parliament</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-10">[7]</A></SUP> After Henry's coronation in London in October that year, his first parliament, summoned to meet at Westminster in November, enacted that "the inheritance of the crown should be, rest, remain and abide in the most royal person of the then sovereign lord, King Henry VII, and the heirs of his body lawfully coming."<SUP id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-11">[8]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Henry VII was followed by his son, <A href="/wiki/Henry_VIII_of_England" title="Henry VIII of England">Henry VIII</A>. Though his father descended from the Lancastrians, Henry VIII could also claim the throne through the Yorkist line, as his mother <A href="/wiki/Elizabeth_of_York" title="Elizabeth of York">Elizabeth</A> was the sister and heiress of <A href="/wiki/Edward_V_of_England" title="Edward V of England">Edward V</A>. In 1542 Henry also assumed the title <A href="/wiki/King_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Ireland">King of Ireland</A>; this would pass down with the monarchs of England, and later Great Britain, until the <A href="/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1800" title="Acts of Union 1800">Acts of Union 1800</A> merged the separate crowns into that of the United Kingdom.</P>
<P>Henry VIII's numerous marriages led to several complications over succession. Henry VIII was first married to <A href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Aragon" title="Catherine of Aragon">Catherine of Aragon</A>, by whom he had a daughter named <A href="/wiki/Mary_I_of_England" title="Mary I of England">Mary</A>. His second marriage, to <A href="/wiki/Anne_Boleyn" title="Anne Boleyn">Anne Boleyn</A>, resulted in a daughter named <A href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_England" title="Elizabeth I of England">Elizabeth</A>. Henry VIII had a son, <A href="/wiki/Edward_VI_of_England" title="Edward VI of England">Edward</A>, by his third wife, <A href="/wiki/Jane_Seymour" title="Jane Seymour">Jane Seymour</A>. An Act of Parliament passed in 1533 declared Mary illegitimate; another passed in 1536 did the same for Elizabeth. Though the two remained illegitimate, an Act of Parliament passed in 1544 allowed reinserting them, providing further "that the King should and might give, will, limit, assign, appoint or dispose the said imperial Crown and the other premises … by <A href="/wiki/Letters_patent" title="Letters patent">letters patent</A> or last will in writing." Mary and Elizabeth, under <A href="/wiki/Will_of_Henry_VIII_of_England" title="Will of Henry VIII of England">Henry VIII's will</A>, were to be followed by descendants of the King's deceased sister <A href="/wiki/Mary_Tudor,_Queen_of_France" title="Mary Tudor, Queen of France">Mary Tudor, Duchess of Suffolk</A> (he however excluded his niece <A href="/wiki/Frances_Grey,_Duchess_of_Suffolk" title="Frances Grey, Duchess of Suffolk">Frances Brandon, Duchess of Suffolk</A>). This will also excluded from the succession the descendants of Henry's eldest sister <A href="/wiki/Margaret_Tudor" title="Margaret Tudor">Margaret Tudor</A>, who were the rulers of <A href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</A>.</P>
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Queen Elizabeth I enthroned in Parliament</DIV>
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<P>When Henry VIII died in 1547, the young Edward succeeded him, becoming Edward VI. Edward VI was the first Protestant Sovereign to succeed to the rule of England. He attempted to divert the course of succession in his will to prevent his Catholic half-sister, Mary, from inheriting the throne. He excluded Mary and Elizabeth, settling on the Duchess of Suffolk's daughter, <A href="/wiki/Lady_Jane_Grey" title="Lady Jane Grey">Lady Jane Grey</A>. Jane was also originally excluded on the premise that no woman could reign over England. Nonetheless, the will, which originally referred to Jane's heirs-male, was amended to refer to Jane <I>and</I> her heirs-male. Upon Edward VI's death in 1553, Jane was proclaimed Queen of England and Ireland. She was not universally recognised and after nine days she was overthrown by the popular Mary. As Henry VIII's will had been approved by an Act of Parliament in 1544, Edward's contravening will was unlawful and ignored.</P>
<P>Mary was succeeded by her half-sister, Elizabeth, who broke with the precedents of many of her predecessors, and refused to name an heir. Whilst previous monarchs (including Henry VIII) had specifically been granted authority to settle uncertain successions in their wills, the <A href="/wiki/Treasons_Act_1571" title="Treasons Act 1571">Treasons Act 1571</A> asserted that Parliament had the right to settle disputes, and made it treason to deny Parliamentary authority. Wary of threats from other possible heirs, Parliament further passed the Act of Association 1584, which provided that any individual involved in attempts to murder the Sovereign would be disqualified from succeeding. (The Act was repealed in 1863.)</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Scotland">Scotland</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Succession_to_the_British_throne&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Scotland">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<P>The <A href="/wiki/House_of_Stuart" title="House of Stuart">House of Stewart</A> (later Stuart) had ruled in Scotland since 1371. It had followed strict rules of primogeniture until the deposition and exile of <A href="/wiki/Mary,_Queen_of_Scots" title="Mary, Queen of Scots">Mary I</A> in 1567; even then she was succeeded by her son, <A href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">James VI</A>.</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="After_the_union_of_the_crowns">After the union of the crowns</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Succession_to_the_British_throne&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: After the union of the crowns">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<H4><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Stuarts">Stuarts</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Succession_to_the_British_throne&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Stuarts">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H4>
<P>Elizabeth I of England and Ireland was succeeded by King <A href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">James VI of Scotland</A>, her first cousin twice removed, even though his succession violated Henry VIII's will, under which <A href="/wiki/Anne_Stanley,_Countess_of_Castlehaven" title="Anne Stanley, Countess of Castlehaven">Lady Anne Stanley</A>, heiress of Mary Tudor, Duchess of Suffolk, was supposed to succeed. James asserted that hereditary right was superior to statutory provision, and as King of Scotland was powerful enough to deter any rival. He reigned as James I of England and Ireland, thus effecting the <A href="/wiki/Union_of_the_Crowns" title="Union of the Crowns">Union of the Crowns</A>, although England and Scotland remained separate sovereign states until 1707. His succession was rapidly ratified by Parliament.<SUP id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-12">[9]</A></SUP></P>
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<P>James's eldest surviving son and successor, <A href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I</A>, was overthrown and beheaded in 1649. The monarchy itself was abolished. A few years later, it was replaced by the Protectorate under <A href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</A>, effectively a monarch with the title of <A href="/wiki/Lord_Protector" title="Lord Protector">Lord Protector</A> rather than King. Cromwell had the right to name his own successor, which he exercised on his deathbed by choosing his son, <A href="/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell">Richard Cromwell</A>. Richard was ineffective, and was quickly forced from office. Shortly afterwards, the monarchy was restored, with Charles I's son <A href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_England" title="Charles II of England">Charles II</A> as King.</P>
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After the death of her last child in 1700, <A href="/wiki/Anne,_Queen_of_Great_Britain" title="Anne, Queen of Great Britain">Princess Anne</A> became the last individual left in the line of succession determined by the Bill of Rights.</DIV>
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<P><A href="/wiki/James_II_of_England" title="James II of England">James II and VII</A>, a Roman Catholic, followed his brother Charles II, despite efforts in the late 1670s to <A href="/wiki/Exclusion_Crisis" title="Exclusion Crisis">exclude</A> him in favour of Charles's illegitimate Protestant son, the <A href="/wiki/James_Scott,_1st_Duke_of_Monmouth" title="James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth">Duke of Monmouth</A>. James was deposed when his Protestant opponents forced him to flee from England in 1688. Parliament then deemed that James had, by fleeing the realms, abdicated the thrones and offered the Crowns not to the King's infant son <A href="/wiki/James_Francis_Edward_Stuart" title="James Francis Edward Stuart">James</A> but to his Protestant daughter <A href="/wiki/Mary_II_of_England" title="Mary II of England">Mary</A> and to her husband <A href="/wiki/William_III_of_England" title="William III of England">William</A>, who as James's nephew was the first person in the succession not descended from him. The two became joint Sovereigns (a unique circumstance in British history) as William III of England and Ireland (and II of Scotland) and Mary II of England, Scotland and Ireland. William had insisted on this unique provision as a condition of his military leadership against James.</P>
<P>The English <A href="/wiki/Bill_of_Rights_1689" title="Bill of Rights 1689">Bill of Rights</A> passed in 1689 determined succession to the English, Scottish and Irish Thrones. First in the line were the descendants of Mary II. Next came Mary's sister <A href="/wiki/Anne,_Queen_of_Great_Britain" title="Anne, Queen of Great Britain">Princess Anne</A> and her descendants. Finally, the descendants of William by any future marriage were added to the line of succession. Only Protestants were allowed to succeed to the Thrones, and those who married Roman Catholics were excluded.</P>
<P>After Mary II died in 1694, her husband continued to reign alone until his own death in 1702. The line of succession provided for by the Bill of Rights was almost at an end; William and Mary never had any children, and Princess Anne's children had all died. Therefore, Parliament passed the <A href="/wiki/Act_of_Settlement_1701" title="Act of Settlement 1701">Act of Settlement</A>. The Act maintained the provision of the Bill of Rights whereby William would be succeeded by Princess Anne and her descendants, and thereafter by his own descendants from future marriages. The Act, however, declared that they would be followed by James I & VI's granddaughter <A href="/wiki/Sophia_of_Hanover" title="Sophia of Hanover">Sophia</A>, Electress Dowager of Hanover (the daughter of James's daughter <A href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Stuart,_Queen_of_Bohemia" title="Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia">Elizabeth Stuart</A>), and her heirs. As under the Bill of Rights, non-Protestants and those who married Roman Catholics were excluded.</P>
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Electress Sophia of Hanover (1630–1714)</DIV>
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<P>Upon William's death, Anne became Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland. Because the Parliament of England settled on Sophia as Anne's heir-presumptive without consulting Scottish leaders, the <A href="/wiki/Estates_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Estates of Scotland">Estates of Scotland</A> retaliated by passing the Scottish <A href="/wiki/Act_of_Security" class="mw-redirect" title="Act of Security">Act of Security</A>. The Act provided that, upon the death of Anne, the Estates would meet to select an heir to the throne of Scotland, who could not be the same person as the English Sovereign unless numerous political and economic conditions were met. Anne originally withheld the <A href="/wiki/Royal_Assent" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Assent">Royal Assent</A>, but was forced to grant it when the Estates refused to raise taxes and sought to withdraw troops from the Queen's army. England's Parliament responded by passing the <A href="/wiki/Alien_Act_1705" title="Alien Act 1705">Alien Act 1705</A>, which threatened to cripple Scotland's economy by cutting off trade with them. Thus, Scotland had little choice but to unite with England to form the <A href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">Kingdom of Great Britain</A> in 1707; the Crown of the new nation (along with the Crown of Ireland) was subject to the rules laid down by the English Act of Settlement.</P>
<H4><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Hanoverians_and_Windsors">Hanoverians and Windsors</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Succession_to_the_British_throne&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Hanoverians and Windsors">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H4>
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<A href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harris_(publisher)" title="Benjamin Harris (publisher)">Benjamin Harris's</A> <I>Protestant Tutor</I>, a primer popular for decades and the source for the <I><A href="/wiki/New_England_Primer" class="mw-redirect" title="New England Primer">New England Primer</A></I>. Edition of 1713. Hanoverian propaganda extended to books for children's education.</DIV>
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<P>Anne was predeceased by Sophia, Electress Dowager of Hanover, and was therefore succeeded by the latter's son, who became <A href="/wiki/George_I_of_Great_Britain" title="George I of Great Britain">George I</A> in 1714.</P>
<P>Attempts were made in the <A href="/wiki/Jacobite_risings" title="Jacobite risings">risings of 1715 and 1745</A> to restore Stuart claimants to the Throne, supported by those who recognised the <A href="/wiki/Jacobite_succession" title="Jacobite succession">Jacobite succession</A>. The <A href="/wiki/House_of_Hanover" title="House of Hanover">House of Hanover</A> nonetheless remained undeposed, and the Crown descended in accordance with the appointed rules. In 1801, following the <A href="/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1800" title="Acts of Union 1800">Acts of Union 1800</A>, the separate crowns of Great Britain and Ireland were merged and became the <A href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland</A>. Between 1811 and 1820, when <A href="/wiki/George_III" class="mw-redirect" title="George III">George III</A> was deemed unfit to rule, the Prince of Wales (later <A href="/wiki/George_IV" class="mw-redirect" title="George IV">George IV</A>) acted as his <A href="/wiki/Regency_era" title="Regency era">regent</A>. Some years later the <A href="/wiki/Regency_Act_1830" title="Regency Act 1830">Regency Act 1830</A> made provision for a change in the line of succession had a child been born to <A href="/wiki/William_IV_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="William IV of the United Kingdom">William IV</A> after his death, but this event did not come about.</P>
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George VI receiving <A href="/wiki/Homage_(feudal)" title="Homage (feudal)">homage</A> at his <A href="/wiki/Coronation_of_King_George_VI_and_Queen_Elizabeth" title="Coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth">coronation</A> in 1937</DIV>
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<P>In 1936 <A href="/wiki/Edward_VIII" title="Edward VIII">Edward VIII</A> abdicated 11 months after he succeeded to the throne immediately on his father's death. Edward was proclaimed King in January 1936,<SUP id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-13">[10]</A></SUP> and opened (for the only time) Parliament in November 1936. Edward VIII had desired to marry <A href="/wiki/Wallis_Simpson" title="Wallis Simpson">Wallis Simpson</A>, a divorcee, but the <A href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</A>, of which the British Sovereign is Supreme Governor, would not authorize the marriage of divorcees. Consequently, Parliament passed <A href="/wiki/His_Majesty%27s_Declaration_of_Abdication_Act_1936" title="His Majesty's Declaration of Abdication Act 1936">His Majesty's Declaration of Abdication Act 1936</A>, by which Edward VIII ceased to be Sovereign "immediately upon" his royal assent as King being signified in Parliament on 11 December. The Act provided that he and his descendants, if any, were not to have any "right, title or interest in or to the succession to the Throne". Edward died childless in 1972.</P>
<P>Edward's abdication was "a <A href="/wiki/Demise_of_the_Crown" title="Demise of the Crown">demise of the Crown</A>" (in the words of the Act), and the <A href="/wiki/Duke_of_York#Seventh_creation,_1920–1936" title="Duke of York">Duke of York</A>, his brother who was then next in the line, immediately succeeded to the throne and to its "rights, privileges, and dignities", taking the <A href="/wiki/Regnal_name" title="Regnal name">regnal name</A> <A href="/wiki/George_VI" title="George VI">George VI</A>. He in turn was succeeded in 1952 by his own elder daughter, <A href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</A>. By that time the monarch of the United Kingdom no longer reigned in the greater part of Ireland (which had become a <A href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">republic</A> in 1949), but was the monarch of a number of independent sovereign states (Commonwealth realms).</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Commonwealth_realms">Commonwealth realms</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Succession_to_the_British_throne&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Commonwealth realms">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <A href="/wiki/Perth_Agreement" title="Perth Agreement">Perth Agreement</A></DIV>
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Elizabeth II at her coronation in 1953, passing to the left of the <A href="/wiki/Coronation_Chair" title="Coronation Chair">Coronation Chair</A></DIV>
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<P>Each of the Commonwealth realms has the same person as monarch and, to maintain that arrangement, they have agreed to continue the same line of succession; some realms do so through domestic succession laws, while others stipulate whoever is monarch of the United Kingdom will also be monarch of that realm. In February 1952, on her accession, Elizabeth II <A href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_accession_of_Elizabeth_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Proclamation of accession of Elizabeth II">was proclaimed</A> as sovereign separately throughout her realms. In October 2011, the heads of government of all 16 realms agreed unanimously at a <A href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Heads_of_Government_Meeting_2011" title="Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting 2011">meeting</A> held in Perth, Australia, to proposed changes to the royal succession laws that would see the order of succession for people born after 28 October 2011 governed by absolute primogeniture—wherein succession passes to an individual's children according to birth order, regardless of gender—instead of male-preference primogeniture. They also agreed to lift a ban on those who marry Roman Catholics. The ban on Catholics themselves was retained to ensure that the monarch would be in communion with the <A href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-14">[11]</A></SUP> The changes came into effect across the Commonwealth realms on 26 March 2015, after legislation was made according to each realm's constitution.<SUP id="cite_ref-Commencement_Order_15-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Commencement_Order-15">[12]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-Clegg_Commencement_16-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Clegg_Commencement-16">[13]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Following the changes coming into effect, the positions of the first 27 in line remained unchanged, including Princess Anne and her children and grandchildren, until the birth of Princess Charlotte of Cambridge on 2 May 2015. The first to be affected by the changes, on the day they came into effect in March, were the children of Lady Davina Lewis—her son Tāne (born 2012) and her daughter Senna (born 2010)—who were reversed in the order of succession, becoming 29th and 28th in line respectively.<SUP id="cite_ref-royalcentral_17-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-royalcentral-17">[14]</A></SUP></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Current_rules">Current rules</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Succession_to_the_British_throne&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Current rules">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<P>The Bill of Rights and the Act of Settlement (restated by the Acts of Union) still govern succession to the throne. They were amended in the United Kingdom by the <A href="/wiki/Succession_to_the_Crown_Act_2013" title="Succession to the Crown Act 2013">Succession to the Crown Act 2013</A>, which was passed mainly "to make succession to the Crown not depend on gender" and "to make provision about Royal Marriages" (according to its <A href="/wiki/Long_title" class="mw-redirect" title="Long title">long title</A>), thereby implementing the <A href="/wiki/Perth_Agreement" title="Perth Agreement">Perth Agreement</A> in the UK and in those realms that, by their laws, have as their monarch automatically whoever is monarch of the UK. Other realms passed their own legislation.</P>
<P>Anyone ineligible to succeed is treated as if they were "dead". That individual's descendants are not also disqualified, unless they are personally ineligible.</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Marriages">Marriages</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Succession_to_the_British_throne&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Marriages">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<P>The <A href="/wiki/Act_of_Settlement_1701" title="Act of Settlement 1701">Act of Settlement 1701</A> provides that Protestant "<A href="/wiki/Heirs_of_the_body" title="Heirs of the body">heirs of the body</A>" (that is, legitimate descendants) of <A href="/wiki/Sophia,_Electress_of_Hanover" class="mw-redirect" title="Sophia, Electress of Hanover">Sophia, Electress of Hanover</A>, are eligible to succeed to the throne, unless otherwise disqualified. The meaning of <I>heir of the body</I> is determined by the common law rules of male preference <A href="/wiki/Primogeniture" title="Primogeniture">primogeniture</A> (the "male-preference" criterion is no longer applicable, in respect of succession to the throne, to persons born after 28 October 2011), whereby older children and their descendants inherit before younger children, and a male child takes precedence over a female sibling.<SUP id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-18">[15]</A></SUP> Children born out of wedlock and adopted children are not eligible to succeed. Illegitimate children whose parents subsequently marry are legitimated, but remain ineligible to inherit the Crown.<SUP id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-19">[n 4]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The <A href="/wiki/Royal_Marriages_Act_1772" title="Royal Marriages Act 1772">Royal Marriages Act 1772</A> (repealed by the Succession to the Crown Act 2013) further required descendants of <A href="/wiki/George_II_of_Great_Britain" title="George II of Great Britain">George II</A> to obtain the consent of the reigning monarch to marry. (The requirement did not apply to descendants of princesses who married into foreign families, as well as, from 1936, any descendants of Edward VIII,<SUP id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-20">[n 5]</A></SUP> of which there are none.) The Act provided, however, that if a <A href="/wiki/Dynasty#Dynasts" title="Dynasty">dynast</A> older than twenty-five years notified the Privy Council of his or her intention to marry without the consent of the Sovereign, then he or she may have lawfully done so after one year, unless both houses of Parliament expressly disapproved of the marriage. A marriage that contravened the Royal Marriages Act was void, and the resulting offspring illegitimate and thus ineligible to succeed, though the succession of the dynast who failed to obtain consent was not itself affected. This also had the consequence that marriage to a Roman Catholic without permission was void, so that the dynast was not disqualified from succeeding on account of being married to a Roman Catholic. Thus when the future <A href="/wiki/George_IV_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="George IV of the United Kingdom">George IV</A> attempted to marry the Roman Catholic <A href="/wiki/Maria_Anne_Fitzherbert" class="mw-redirect" title="Maria Anne Fitzherbert">Maria Fitzherbert</A> in 1785 without obtaining permission from <A href="/wiki/George_III_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="George III of the United Kingdom">George III</A> he did not disqualify himself from inheriting the throne in due course.<SUP id="cite_ref-bogdanor_55_2-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-bogdanor_55-2">[2]</A></SUP> A marriage voided by the 1772 act prior to its repeal remains void "for all purposes relating to the succession to the Crown" under the 2013 act.<SUP id="cite_ref-Act_2013_21-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Act_2013-21">[16]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The constitutional crisis arising from Edward VIII's decision to marry a divorcee in 1936 led to <A href="/wiki/His_Majesty%27s_Declaration_of_Abdication_Act_1936" title="His Majesty's Declaration of Abdication Act 1936">His Majesty's Declaration of Abdication Act 1936</A>, which provided that Edward VIII and his descendants would have no claim to the throne.<SUP id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-22">[17]</A></SUP> The Act is no longer applicable, because Edward died in 1972 without issue.</P>
<P>Under the 2013 Succession to the Crown Act, the first six persons in line to the throne must obtain the sovereign's approval before marrying.<SUP id="cite_ref-Act_2013_21-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Act_2013-21">[16]</A></SUP> Marriage without the Sovereign's consent disqualifies the person and the person's descendants from the marriage from succeeding to the Crown,<SUP id="cite_ref-Act_2013_21-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Act_2013-21">[16]</A></SUP> but the marriage is still legally valid.</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Religion">Religion</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Succession_to_the_British_throne&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Religion">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<P>Rules relating to eligibility established by the Bill of Rights are retained under the Act of Settlement. The preamble to the Act of Settlement notes that the Bill of Rights provides "that all and every person and persons that then [at the time of the Bill of Right's passage] were, or afterwards should be reconciled to, or shall hold communion with the <A href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">See or Church of Rome</A>, or should profess the popish religion, or marry a papist, should be excluded."<SUP id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-23">[18]</A></SUP> The Act of Settlement continues, providing "that all and every Person and Persons who shall … is, are or shall be reconciled to or shall hold Communion with the See or Church of Rome or shall profess the Popish religion or shall marry a papist shall be subject to such Incapacities"<SUP id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-24">[19]</A></SUP> as the Bill of Rights established.</P>
<P>The precise meaning of the aforementioned clauses is subject to contention. Under one interpretation, the religion of an individual at the precise moment of succession is relevant. Under another interpretation, anyone who has been a Roman Catholic at any time since 1689 ("then … or afterwards") is forever ineligible to succeed. The former interpretation allows a Roman Catholic to convert to Protestantism and succeed to the Throne just before a vacancy on the throne occurs devolving the crown on the first dynast in the line of succession; the latter does not. In either case, however, other denominations of faith are not affected; it is clear that any non-Catholic may convert to Protestantism and succeed to the Throne. It is a requirement that the monarch must be a Protestant.<SUP id="cite_ref-BM_1-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-BM-1">[1]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The Act of Settlement further provided that anyone who married a Roman Catholic was ineligible to succeed. The Act did not require that the spouse be Protestant; it only barred those who marry Roman Catholics. Since the passage of the Act it has been determined (in the case of <A href="/wiki/Prince_Edward,_Duke_of_Kent" title="Prince Edward, Duke of Kent">Prince Edward, Duke of Kent</A>) that an individual is not barred because his or her spouse later converts to Roman Catholicism after their marriage. The Succession to the Crown Act 2013 removed the bar on individuals married to Roman Catholics, though not on Roman Catholics themselves.</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Treason">Treason</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Succession_to_the_British_throne&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Treason">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<P>Under the <A href="/wiki/Treason_Act_1702" title="Treason Act 1702">Treason Act 1702</A> and the Treason (Ireland) Act 1703, it is <A href="/wiki/High_treason_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="High treason in the United Kingdom">treason</A> to "endeavour to deprive or hinder any person who shall be the next in succession to the crown ... from succeeding ... to the imperial crown of this realm". Since the <A href="/wiki/Crime_and_Disorder_Act_1998" title="Crime and Disorder Act 1998">Crime and Disorder Act 1998</A>, the maximum penalty has been life imprisonment.</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Accession">Accession</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Succession_to_the_British_throne&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Accession">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:172px;"><A href="/wiki/File:St_Jamess_Palace.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/St_Jamess_Palace.jpg/170px-St_Jamess_Palace.jpg" width="170" height="237" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/St_Jamess_Palace.jpg/255px-St_Jamess_Palace.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/St_Jamess_Palace.jpg/340px-St_Jamess_Palace.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3100" data-file-height="4317" /></A>
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The Accession Council normally meets in <A href="/wiki/St_James%27s_Palace" title="St James's Palace">St James's Palace</A> to proclaim the new sovereign.</DIV>
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<P>In the Commonwealth realms, upon the death of a sovereign, the heir apparent or heir presumptive succeeds to the throne immediately, with no need for confirmation or further ceremony.<SUP id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-25">[20]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-27">[n 6]</A></SUP> Nevertheless, the <A href="/wiki/Accession_Council" title="Accession Council">Accession Council</A> meets and decides upon the making of the accession proclamation, which by custom has for centuries been ceremonially proclaimed in public places, in London, <A href="/wiki/York" title="York">York</A>, <A href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</A> and other cities. The anniversary is observed throughout the sovereign's reign as <A href="/wiki/Accession_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Accession Day">Accession Day</A>, including royal <A href="/wiki/Gun_salutes" class="mw-redirect" title="Gun salutes">gun salutes</A> in the United Kingdom.<SUP id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-28">[22]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Formerly, a new sovereign proclaimed his or her own accession. But on the death of Elizabeth I an Accession Council met to proclaim the accession of James I to the throne of England. James was then in Scotland and reigning as King James VI of Scotland. This precedent has been followed since. Now, the Accession Council normally meets in <A href="/wiki/St_James%27s_Palace" title="St James's Palace">St James's Palace</A>. Proclamations since James I's have usually been made in the name of the <A href="/wiki/Lords_Spiritual" title="Lords Spiritual">Lords Spiritual</A> and <A href="/wiki/Lords_Temporal" title="Lords Temporal">Temporal</A>, the <A href="/wiki/Privy_Council_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Privy Council of the United Kingdom">Privy Council</A>, the <A href="/wiki/Lord_Mayor_of_the_City_of_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Mayor of the City of London">Lord Mayor</A>, <A href="/wiki/Alderman" title="Alderman">Aldermen</A> and citizens of the <A href="/wiki/City_of_London" title="City of London">City of London</A> and "other principal <A href="/wiki/Gentleman" title="Gentleman">Gentlemen</A> of quality", though there have been variations in some proclamations. The proclamation of accession of Elizabeth II was the first to make mention of representatives of members of the <A href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth</A>.</P>
<P>Upon his or her accession, a new sovereign is required by law to make and subscribe several oaths. The Bill of Rights of 1689 first required the sovereign to make a public declaration of non-belief in Roman Catholicism.<SUP id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-29">[n 7]</A></SUP> This declaration, known as the <A href="/wiki/Accession_Declaration" class="mw-redirect" title="Accession Declaration">Accession Declaration</A>, is required to be taken at either the first meeting of parliament of his or her reign (i.e. during the <A href="/wiki/State_Opening_of_Parliament" title="State Opening of Parliament">State Opening of Parliament</A>) or at his or her coronation, whichever occurs first. The current wording of this declaration was adopted in 1910 as the previous wording was deemed to be controversial and overtly anti-Catholic. Rather than denouncing Roman Catholicism, the sovereign now declares him or herself to be a Protestant and that he or she will "uphold and maintain" the Protestant succession.<SUP id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-30">[23]</A></SUP> In addition to the Accession Declaration, the new sovereign is required by the Acts of Union 1707 to make an oath to "maintain and preserve" the Church of Scotland.<SUP id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-31">[24]</A></SUP> This oath is normally made at the sovereign's first meeting of the Privy Council following his or her accession. According to the <A href="/wiki/Regency_Act_1937" class="mw-redirect" title="Regency Act 1937">Regency Act 1937</A>, should the sovereign be under the age of 18, such oaths and declarations required to be taken by the sovereign shall be made upon his attainment of that age.<SUP id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-32">[25]</A></SUP></P>
<P>After a period of mourning,<SUP id="cite_ref-royal.gov-coronation_33-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-royal.gov-coronation-33">[26]</A></SUP> the new sovereign is usually <A href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_British_monarch" title="Coronation of the British monarch">consecrated and crowned</A> in <A href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</A>. Normally, the <A href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</A> officiates, though the sovereign may designate any other bishop of the <A href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</A>. A coronation is not necessary for a sovereign to reign; for example, <A href="/wiki/Edward_VIII" title="Edward VIII">Edward VIII</A> was <A href="/wiki/Abandoned_coronation_of_Edward_VIII" title="Abandoned coronation of Edward VIII">never crowned,</A> yet during his short reign was the undoubted king.</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Succession_to_the_British_throne&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/Accession_Declaration_Act_1910" title="Accession Declaration Act 1910">Accession Declaration Act 1910</A></LI>
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<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Notes">Notes</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Succession_to_the_British_throne&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<DIV class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;">
<OL class="references">
<LI id="cite_note-3"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-3"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Succession to the Crown Act 2013, s. 3: "A person who (when the person marries) is one of the 6 persons next in the line of succession to the Crown must obtain the consent of Her Majesty before marrying."</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-6"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-6"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Most sources, including <I>Whitaker's Almanack</I>, exclude her as a <A href="/wiki/Confirmation" title="Confirmation">confirmed</A> Catholic, but Debrett's includes her in line.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-7"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-7"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Albert and Leopold Windsor were listed on <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.royal.uk/succession">The Official Website of the British Monarchy</A> until 2015 and in the 2013 edition of <I>Whitaker's Almanack</I> as following Estella Taylor (b 2004) and eligible to succeed; <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.msn.com/en-ca/news/photos/britains-royal-line-of-succession/ss-BBj3lVx#image=37">MSN News</A>, Debrett's and <I>Whitaker's Almanack</I> 2015 lists them after Lady Amelia Windsor and before Lady Helen Taylor. They were baptised as Catholics, and are not listed in line in editions of <I>Whitaker's</I> earlier than 2012.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-19"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-19"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Neither the <A href="/wiki/Legitimacy_Act_1926" title="Legitimacy Act 1926">Legitimacy Act 1926</A> nor the <A href="/wiki/Legitimacy_Act_1959" title="Legitimacy Act 1959">Legitimacy Act 1959</A> changed the Law of Succession.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-20"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-20"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Per the <A href="/wiki/His_Majesty%27s_Declaration_of_Abdication_Act_1936" title="His Majesty's Declaration of Abdication Act 1936">His Majesty's Declaration of Abdication Act 1936</A>.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-27"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-27"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">A letter from <A href="/wiki/Tony_Newton,_Baron_Newton_of_Braintree" title="Tony Newton, Baron Newton of Braintree">Tony Newton</A> as <A href="/wiki/Lord_President_of_the_Council" title="Lord President of the Council">Lord President of the Council</A> to <A href="/wiki/Tony_Benn" title="Tony Benn">Tony Benn</A> indicated this was the effect of the Act of Settlement after Benn had indicated he intended to block the next accession at the Privy Council.<SUP id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-26">[21]</A></SUP></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-29"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-29"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">This declaration was similar to what members of both Houses of Parliament were originally required to take by the Test Acts. Eventually, by the time it was changed in 1910, the monarch was the only one left required to make the declaration.</SPAN></LI>
</OL>
</DIV>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="References">References</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Succession_to_the_British_throne&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<DIV class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;">
<OL class="references">
<LI id="cite_note-BM-1"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-BM_1-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-BM_1-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-BM_1-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.royal.uk/succession">"Succession"</A>. Official website of the British Monarchy. Retrieved 27 April 2018.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-bogdanor_55-2"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-bogdanor_55_2-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-bogdanor_55_2-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Bogdanor (1995), p. 55.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-4"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-4"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Reitwiesner, W. A. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/5voynfjc2">"Persons eligible to succeed to the British Throne as of 1 Jan 2001"</A>. <I>wargs.com</I>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wargs.com/essays/succession/2001.html">the original</A> on 18 January 2011.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wargs.com&rft.atitle=Persons+eligible+to+succeed+to+the+British+Throne+as+of+1+Jan+2001&rft.aulast=Reitwiesner&rft.aufirst=W.+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wargs.com%2Fessays%2Fsuccession%2F2001.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuccession+to+the+British+throne" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-5"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-5"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Lewis, David. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110517155140/http://www.wargs.com/essays/succession/2011.html">"Persons eligible to succeed to the British Throne as of 1 Jan 2011"</A>. <I>wargs.com</I>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wargs.com/essays/succession/2011.html">the original</A> on 17 May 2011.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wargs.com&rft.atitle=Persons+eligible+to+succeed+to+the+British+Throne+as+of+1+Jan+2011&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wargs.com%2Fessays%2Fsuccession%2F2011.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuccession+to+the+British+throne" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-8"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-8"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article18257300">"Line of succession to the throne"</A>. <I>The Sydney Morning Herald</I>. 7 February 1952. p. 6.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Line+of+succession+to+the+throne&rft.pages=6&rft.date=1952-02-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnla.gov.au%2Fnla.news-article18257300&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuccession+to+the+British+throne" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-9"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-9"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Chrimes, S. B. (1999). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=db8JCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA50"><I>Henry VII</I></A>. Yale University Press. p. 50. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780300078831" title="Special:BookSources/9780300078831">9780300078831</A>.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-10"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-10"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://partyparcel.co.uk/information/price-guarantee.html#annullment">"Rotuli Parliamentorum A.D. 1485 1 Henry VII"</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rotuli+Parliamentorum++A.D.+1485+1+Henry+VII&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpartyparcel.co.uk%2Finformation%2Fprice-guarantee.html%23annullment&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuccession+to+the+British+throne" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-11"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-11"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Smith, G. Barnett (1892). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015024035605?urlappend=%3Bseq=332"><I>History of the English Parliament</I></A>. Ward, Lock, Bowden & Co. p. 298.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-12"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-12"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Succession_to_the_Crown_Act_1603">"Succession to the Crown Act 1603"</A>.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-13"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-13"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">UPI, London, 21 January 1936http://www.upi.com/Archives/1936/01/21/Prince-of-Wales-proclaimed-King-Edward-VIII/7807693511214/]</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-14"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-14"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-15492607">"Girls equal in British throne succession"</A>. BBC News. 28 October 2011.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Girls+equal+in+British+throne+succession&rft.date=2011-10-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-15492607&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuccession+to+the+British+throne" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Commencement_Order-15"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Commencement_Order_15-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2015/894/made">The Succession to the Crown Act 2013 (Commencement) Order 2015</A> legislation.gov.uk</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Clegg_Commencement-16"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Clegg_Commencement_16-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Clegg, Nick (26 March 2015). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/written-questions-answers-statements/written-statement/Commons/2015-03-26/HCWS490/">"Commencement of Succession to the Crown Act 2013: Written statement"</A>. UK Parliament.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-royalcentral-17"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-royalcentral_17-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://royalcentral.co.uk/state/what-do-the-new-royal-succession-changes-mean-46610">"What do the new royal succession changes mean?"</A>. Royal Central. 26 March 2015.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources"><SPAN title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (March 2015)">unreliable source?</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-18"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-18"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Blackstone (1765).</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Act_2013-21"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-Act_2013_21-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Act_2013_21-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Act_2013_21-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2013/20/section/3">"Succession to the Crown Act 2013"</A>. UK Parliament. Section 3.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-22"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-22"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">His Majesty's Declaration of Abdication Act 1936, section 2</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-23"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-23"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Act of Settlement, preamble</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-24"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-24"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Act of Settlement, section 2</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-25"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-25"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.royal.uk/accession">"Accession"</A>. Official website of the British Monarchy. Retrieved 7 May 2016.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-26"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-26"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Bogdanor (1995), p. 45.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-28"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-28"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.royal.uk/gun-salutes">"Gun Salutes"</A>. Official website of the British Monarchy. Retrieved 7 May 2016.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-30"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-30"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Accession Declaration Act 1910, schedule</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-31"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-31"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Union with Scotland Act 1706, article XXV. "...And Lastly that after the Decease of Her Present Majesty (whom God long preserve) the Soveraign succeeding to her in the Royal Government of the Kingdom of Great Britain shall in all time comeing at his or her accession to the Crown Swear and Subscribe That they shall inviolably maintain and preserve the foresaid settlement of the True Protestant Religion with the Government Worship Discipline Right and Priviledges of this Church as above established by the Laws of this Kingdom in prosecution of the Claim of Right..."</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-32"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-32"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Regency Act 1937, section 1(2)</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-royal.gov-coronation-33"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-royal.gov-coronation_33-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.royal.uk/coronation">"Coronation"</A>. Official website of the British Monarchy<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">7 May</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Coronation&rft.pub=Official+website+of+the+British+Monarchy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.royal.uk%2Fcoronation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuccession+to+the+British+throne" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
</OL>
</DIV>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Sources">Sources</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Succession_to_the_British_throne&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Sources">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<DIV class="refbegin" style="">
<UL>
<LI>Blackstone, William (1765). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lonang.com/exlibris/blackstone/bla-103.htm">"Chapter 3: Of The King, and His Title"</A>. <I>Commentaries on the Laws of England</I>, Vol. 1. Oxford: Clarendon Press.</LI>
<LI>Bogdanor, Vernon (1995). <I>The Monarchy and the Constitution.</I> Oxford: Clarendon Press. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-829334-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-829334-7">978-0-19-829334-7</A>.</LI>
<LI>Bryant, A. (1975). <I>A Thousand Years of British Monarchy.</I> London: Collins.</LI>
<LI><CITE class="citation journal">Cox, Noel (1999). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/ALRS/1999/1.html">"The Law of Succession to the Crown in New Zealand"</A>. <I>Waikato Law Review</I>. <B>7</B>: 49–72.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waikato+Law+Review&rft.atitle=The+Law+of+Succession+to+the+Crown+in+New+Zealand&rft.volume=7&rft.pages=49-72&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Cox&rft.aufirst=Noel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.austlii.edu.au%2Fau%2Fjournals%2FALRS%2F1999%2F1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASuccession+to+the+British+throne" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Succession_to_the_British_throne&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<UL>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/aep/WillandMarSess2/1/2">Text</A> of the <A href="/wiki/Bill_of_Rights_1689" title="Bill of Rights 1689">Bill of Rights 1689</A></LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/aep/Will3/12-13/2">Text</A> of the <A href="/wiki/Act_of_Settlement_1701" title="Act of Settlement 1701">Act of Settlement 1701</A></LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2013/20/enacted">Full text</A> of the <A href="/wiki/Succession_to_the_Crown_Act_2013" title="Succession to the Crown Act 2013">Succession to the Crown Act 2013</A>.</LI>
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Royal_Succession_Bills_and_Acts" title="Royal Succession Bills and Acts">Legislation</A></TH>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/First_Succession_Act" title="First Succession Act">Succession Act 1533</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Second_Succession_Act" title="Second Succession Act">Succession Act 1536</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Third_Succession_Act" title="Third Succession Act">Succession Act 1543</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Coronation_Oath_Act_1688" title="Coronation Oath Act 1688">Coronation Oath Act 1688</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bill_of_Rights_1689" title="Bill of Rights 1689">Bill of Rights 1689</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Act_of_Settlement_1701" title="Act of Settlement 1701">Act of Settlement 1701</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1707" title="Acts of Union 1707">Act of Union 1706</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Accession_Declaration_Act_1910" title="Accession Declaration Act 1910">Accession Declaration Act 1910</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Perth_Agreement" title="Perth Agreement">Perth Agreement 2011</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Succession_to_the_Crown_Act_2013" title="Succession to the Crown Act 2013">Succession to the Crown Act 2013</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Regency_Acts" title="Regency Acts">Regency Acts</A></LI>
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<DIV id="Orders_of_succession" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><A href="/wiki/Order_of_succession" title="Order of succession">Orders of succession</A></DIV>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/Line_of_succession_to_the_Bahraini_throne" title="Line of succession to the Bahraini throne">Bahrain</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Line_of_succession_to_the_Belgian_throne" title="Line of succession to the Belgian throne">Belgium</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Line_of_succession_to_the_Bhutanese_throne" title="Line of succession to the Bhutanese throne">Bhutan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Line_of_succession_to_the_Bruneian_throne" title="Line of succession to the Bruneian throne">Brunei</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Succession_to_the_Danish_throne" title="Succession to the Danish throne">Denmark</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Line_of_succession_to_the_Japanese_throne" title="Line of succession to the Japanese throne">Japan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Line_of_succession_to_the_Jordanian_throne" class="mw-redirect" title="Line of succession to the Jordanian throne">Jordan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Line_of_succession_to_the_Liechtensteiner_throne" title="Line of succession to the Liechtensteiner throne">Liechtenstein</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Line_of_succession_to_the_Luxembourger_throne" title="Line of succession to the Luxembourger throne">Luxembourg</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Line_of_succession_to_the_Malaysian_throne" title="Line of succession to the Malaysian throne">Malaysia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Succession_to_the_Monegasque_throne" title="Succession to the Monegasque throne">Monaco</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Line_of_succession_to_the_Moroccan_throne" title="Line of succession to the Moroccan throne">Morocco</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Succession_to_the_Dutch_throne" title="Succession to the Dutch throne">Netherlands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Succession_to_the_Norwegian_throne" title="Succession to the Norwegian throne">Norway</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Succession_to_the_Saudi_Arabian_throne" title="Succession to the Saudi Arabian throne">Saudi Arabia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Succession_to_the_Spanish_throne" title="Succession to the Spanish throne">Spain</A></LI>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/Succession_to_the_Swedish_throne" title="Succession to the Swedish throne">Sweden</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1924_Palace_Law_of_Succession" title="1924 Palace Law of Succession">Thailand</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Line_of_succession_to_the_Tongan_throne" title="Line of succession to the Tongan throne">Tonga</A></LI>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/President_of_Argentina#Line_of_succession" title="President of Argentina">Argentina</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/President_of_Austria#Succession" title="President of Austria">Austria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Brazilian_presidential_line_of_succession" title="Brazilian presidential line of succession">Brazil</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/President_of_Colombia#Line_of_succession" title="President of Colombia">Colombia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/President_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo#Succession" title="President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo">D.R. Congo</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Dominican_presidential_line_of_succession" title="Dominican presidential line of succession">Dominican Republic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/President_of_France#Succession_and_incapacity" title="President of France">France</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/President_of_Finland#Incapacity_and_succession" title="President of Finland">Finland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/President_of_Germany#Succession" title="President of Germany">Germany</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/President_of_Iceland" title="President of Iceland">Iceland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/President_of_India#Succession" title="President of India">India</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/President_of_Indonesia#Line_of_succession_and_impeachment" title="President of Indonesia">Indonesia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Presidential_Commission_(Ireland)" title="Presidential Commission (Ireland)">Ireland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/President_of_Italy#Succession" title="President of Italy">Italy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/President_of_South_Korea#Order_of_succession" title="President of South Korea">South Korea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/President_of_Mexico#Succession" title="President of Mexico">Mexico</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Line_of_succession_to_the_President_of_Pakistan" title="Line of succession to the President of Pakistan">Pakistan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Peruvian_presidential_line_of_succession" class="mw-redirect" title="Peruvian presidential line of succession">Peru</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Philippine_presidential_line_of_succession" title="Philippine presidential line of succession">Philippines</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Acting_President_of_Poland" title="Acting President of Poland">Poland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Portuguese_presidential_line_of_succession" class="mw-redirect" title="Portuguese presidential line of succession">Portugal</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/President_of_Romania#Succession" title="President of Romania">Romania</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Acting_President_of_Russia" title="Acting President of Russia">Russia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_presidential_line_of_succession" title="Sri Lankan presidential line of succession">Sri Lanka</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_China#Succession" title="President of the Republic of China">Taiwan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_line_of_succession" title="United States presidential line of succession">United States</A></LI>
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title="Linie následnictví britského trůnu – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de" style="display: none;"><A href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thronfolge_(Vereinigtes_K%C3%B6nigreich)" title="Thronfolge (Vereinigtes Königreich) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et" style="display: none;"><A href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Briti_troonip%C3%A4rimisj%C3%A4rjekord" title="Briti troonipärimisjärjekord – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es"><A href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucesi%C3%B3n_al_trono_brit%C3%A1nico" title="Sucesión al trono británico – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr"><A href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordre_de_succession_au_tr%C3%B4ne_britannique" title="Ordre de succession au trône britannique – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EC%99%95%EC%9C%84_%EA%B3%84%EC%8A%B9_%EC%88%9C%EC%9C%84" title="영국의 왕위 계승 순위 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi"><A href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE" title="ब्रिटिश राजसत्ता का अनुक्रम – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id"><A href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pewaris_takhta_Kerajaan_Britania_Raya" title="Pewaris takhta Kerajaan Britania Raya – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it" style="display: none;"><A href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linea_di_successione_al_trono_britannico" title="Linea di successione al trono britannico – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he" style="display: none;"><A href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%93%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%94_%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%AA%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%98%D7%99" title="סדר הירושה לכתר הבריטי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu" style="display: none;"><A href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brit_tr%C3%B3n%C3%B6r%C3%B6kl%C3%A9si_rend" title="Brit trónöröklési rend – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms"><A href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pewarisan_takhta_British" title="Pewarisan takhta British – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl" style="display: none;"><A href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britse_troonopvolging" title="Britse troonopvolging – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AE%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E7%8E%8B%E4%BD%8D%E7%B6%99%E6%89%BF%E9%A0%86%E4%BD%8D" title="イギリス王位継承順位 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no" style="display: none;"><A href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvef%C3%B8lgen_til_den_britiske_tronen" title="Arvefølgen til den britiske tronen – Norwegian" lang="no" hreflang="no" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn" style="display: none;"><A href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_britiske_tronfylgja" title="Den britiske tronfylgja – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl" style="display: none;"><A href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linia_sukcesji_do_brytyjskiego_tronu" title="Linia sukcesji do brytyjskiego tronu – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt"><A href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linha_de_sucess%C3%A3o_ao_trono_brit%C3%A2nico" title="Linha de sucessão ao trono britânico – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linia_de_succesiune_la_tronul_britanic" title="Linia de succesiune la tronul britanic – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru"><A href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Порядок наследования британского престола – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_o_succession_tae_the_Breetish_throne" title="Line o succession tae the Breetish throne – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si" style="display: none;"><A href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%A7_%E0%B6%8B%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B8_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%99%E0%B7%85" title="බ්‍රිතාන්‍ය සිංහාසනයට උරුමක්‍රම පෙළ – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple" style="display: none;"><A href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_of_succession_to_the_British_throne" title="Line of succession to the British throne – Simple English" lang="simple" hreflang="simple" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi" style="display: none;"><A href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britannian_kruununperimysj%C3%A4rjestys" title="Britannian kruununperimysjärjestys – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brittiska_tronf%C3%B6ljden" title="Brittiska tronföljden – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th" style="display: none;"><A href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A4%E0%B8%A9" title="ลำดับการสืบราชสันตติวงศ์อังกฤษ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh"><A href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%8E%8B%E4%BD%8D%E7%BB%A7%E6%89%BF" title="英国王位继承 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</A></LI>				<BUTTON class="mw-interlanguage-selector mw-ui-button" title="All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)">21 more</BUTTON></UL>
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document_title: Succession to the British throne

token: Succession

token: to

token: British

token: throne

token: wikipedia

token: This

token: latest

token: accepted

token: revision

token: reviewed

token: on

token: April

token: Jump

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token: search

token: Sovereign

token: 's

token: Throne

token: in

token: House

token: of

token: Lords

token: which

token: speech

token: delivered

token: at

token: State

token: Openings

token: Parliament

token: determined

token: by

token: descent

token: gender

token: for

token: people

token: born

token: before

token: October

token: legitimacy

token: and

token: religion

token: Under

token: common

token: law

token: Crown

token: inherited

token: sovereign

token: children

token: or

token: childless

token: nearest

token: collateral

token: line

token: Bill

token: Rights

token: Act

token: Settlement

token: restrict

token: succession

question_text: who will take the throne after the queen dies