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<TITLE>Truman Doctrine - Wikipedia</TITLE>

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<H1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" lang="en">Truman Doctrine</H1>			<DIV id="bodyContent" class="mw-body-content">
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				<DIV id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><DIV class="mw-parser-output"><DIV class="thumb tright"><DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:HarryTruman.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/HarryTruman.jpg/220px-HarryTruman.jpg" width="220" height="278" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/HarryTruman.jpg/330px-HarryTruman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/HarryTruman.jpg/440px-HarryTruman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2370" data-file-height="3000" /></A>  <DIV class="thumbcaption"><DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:HarryTruman.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>US President Harry Truman</DIV></DIV></DIV>
<P>The <B>Truman Doctrine</B> was an American foreign policy whose stated purpose was to counter Soviet geopolitical expansion during the <A href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</A>. It was first announced to Congress by President <A href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</A> on March 12, 1947<SUP id="cite_ref-DM_1-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-DM-1">[1]</A></SUP><SUP class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:<SPAN>547-9</SPAN></SUP> and further developed on July 12, 1948 when he pledged to contain threats to <A href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</A> and <A href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</A>. Direct American military force was usually not involved, but Congress appropriated financial aid to support the economies and militaries of Greece and Turkey. More generally, the Truman Doctrine implied American support for other nations allegedly threatened by Soviet communism. The Truman Doctrine became the foundation of American foreign policy, and led, in 1949, to the formation of <A href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</A>, a military alliance that is still in effect. Historians often use Truman's speech to date the start of the Cold War.
</P><P>Truman told Congress that "it must be the policy of the United States to support free people who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures."<SUP id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-2">[2]</A></SUP> Truman claims that because  totalitarian regimes coerced free peoples, they automatically represented a threat to international peace and the <A href="/wiki/National_security_of_the_United_States" title="National security of the United States">national security of the United States</A>. Truman made the plea in the midst of the <A href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">Greek Civil War</A> (1946–49). He argued that if Greece and Turkey did not receive the aid, they would inevitably fall to communism with grave consequences throughout the region. Because Turkey and Greece were historic rivals, it was considered necessary to help both equally even though the crisis in  Greece was far more intense.
</P><P>Critics of the policy have observed that the governments of Greece and Turkey were themselves far from democratic at this time, and neither were facing Soviet subversion in the spring of 1949. Historian <A href="/wiki/Eric_Foner" title="Eric Foner">Eric Foner</A> writes that the Doctrine "set a precedent for American assistance to anticommunist regimes throughout the world, no matter how undemocratic, and for the creation of a set of global military alliances directed against the Soviet Union."<SUP id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-3">[3]</A></SUP>
</P><P>For years, Britain had supported Greece, but was now near bankruptcy and was forced to radically reduce its involvement. In February 1947, Britain formally requested for the United States to take over its role in supporting the royalist Greek government.<SUP id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-4">[4]</A></SUP> The policy won the support of Republicans who controlled Congress and involved sending $400 million in American money but no military forces to the region.  The effect was to end the Greek revolt, and in 1952, both Greece and Turkey joined NATO, a military alliance, to guarantee their stability.<SUP id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-5">[5]</A></SUP>
</P><P>The Truman Doctrine was informally extended to become the basis of American Cold War policy throughout Europe and around the world.<SUP id="cite_ref-MerrillTruDoct_6-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-MerrillTruDoct-6">[6]</A></SUP> It shifted American foreign policy toward the <A href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</A> from <A href="/wiki/D%C3%A9tente" title="Détente">détente</A> (a relaxation of tension) to a policy of <A href="/wiki/Containment" title="Containment">containment</A> of Soviet expansion as advocated by diplomat <A href="/wiki/George_F._Kennan" title="George F. Kennan">George Kennan</A>. It was distinguished from <A href="/wiki/Rollback" title="Rollback">rollback</A> by implicitly tolerating the previous Soviet takeovers in Eastern Europe.
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<DIV id="toc" class="toc"><DIV class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><H2>Contents</H2><SPAN class="toctoggle"> [<A role="button" tabindex="0" class="togglelink">hide</A>] </SPAN></DIV>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><A href="#Turkish_Straits_crisis"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Turkish Straits crisis</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><A href="#Greek_crisis"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Greek crisis</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><A href="#Truman's_address"><SPAN class="tocnumber">3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Truman's address</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><A href="#Long-term_policy_and_metaphor"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Long-term policy and metaphor</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><A href="#See_also"><SPAN class="tocnumber">5</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">See also</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><A href="#References"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">References</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><A href="#Bibliography"><SPAN class="tocnumber">7</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Bibliography</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><A href="#External_links"><SPAN class="tocnumber">8</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">External links</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>

<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Turkish_Straits_crisis">Turkish Straits crisis</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Truman_Doctrine&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Turkish Straits crisis">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Turkish_Straits_crisis" title="Turkish Straits crisis">Turkish Straits crisis</A></DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tright"><DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Turkish_Strait_disambig.svg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Turkish_Strait_disambig.svg/220px-Turkish_Strait_disambig.svg.png" width="220" height="182" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Turkish_Strait_disambig.svg/330px-Turkish_Strait_disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Turkish_Strait_disambig.svg/440px-Turkish_Strait_disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="469" data-file-height="388" /></A>  <DIV class="thumbcaption"><DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Turkish_Strait_disambig.svg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>The Turkish Straits</DIV></DIV></DIV><P>At the conclusion of World War II, Turkey was pressured by the Soviet government to allow Russian shipping to flow freely through the <A href="/wiki/Turkish_Straits" title="Turkish Straits">Turkish Straits</A>, which connected the <A href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</A> to the <A href="/wiki/Mediterranean" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean">Mediterranean</A>. As the Turkish government would not submit to the Soviet Union's requests, tensions arose in the region, leading to a show of naval force on the side of the Soviets. Since British assistance to Turkey had ended in 1947, the U.S. dispatched military aid to ensure that Turkey would retain chief control of the passage. Turkey received  $100 million in economic and military aid and the U.S sent the <A href="/wiki/USS_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" class="mw-redirect" title="USS Franklin D. Roosevelt">aircraft carrier <I>Franklin D. Roosevelt</I></A>. The postwar period from 1946 started with a "<A href="/wiki/Multi-party_period_of_the_Republic_of_Turkey" title="Multi-party period of the Republic of Turkey">multi-party period</A>" and the <A href="/wiki/Democrat_Party_(Turkey,_historical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Democrat Party (Turkey, historical)">Democratic Party</A> government of <A href="/wiki/Adnan_Menderes" title="Adnan Menderes">Adnan Menderes</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-7">[7]</A></SUP>
</P><H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Greek_crisis">Greek crisis</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Truman_Doctrine&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Greek crisis">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <A href="/wiki/White_Terror_(Greece)" title="White Terror (Greece)">White Terror (Greece)</A> and <A href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">Greek Civil War</A></DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tright"><DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Georgeiiofgreece.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Georgeiiofgreece.jpg/220px-Georgeiiofgreece.jpg" width="220" height="303" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Georgeiiofgreece.jpg/330px-Georgeiiofgreece.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Georgeiiofgreece.jpg/440px-Georgeiiofgreece.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1593" data-file-height="2197" /></A>  <DIV class="thumbcaption"><DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Georgeiiofgreece.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>King <A href="/wiki/George_II_of_Greece" title="George II of Greece">George II of Greece</A> (r. 1922-4, 1935-47), whose rule was opposed by a communist insurgency in the Greek Civil War</DIV></DIV></DIV>
<P>Six weeks after the <A href="/wiki/Axis_powers" title="Axis powers">Axis powers</A> abandoned Greece in October 1944, the British helped retake Athens from the victorious <A href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_(Greece)" title="National Liberation Front (Greece)">National Liberation Front</A> (EAM), controlled effectively by the <A href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Greece" title="Communist Party of Greece">Greek Communist Party</A> (KKE). This began with a mass killing of largely unarmed EAM supporters known as the <A href="/wiki/Dekemvriana" title="Dekemvriana">Dekemvriana</A> on December 3.<SUP id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-8">[8]</A></SUP> The leftists attempted to retaliate, but were outgunned by the British-backed government and subjected to the <A href="/wiki/White_Terror_(Greece)" title="White Terror (Greece)">White Terror</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-9">[9]</A></SUP> With the full outbreak of civil war (1946–49), guerrilla forces controlled by the Greek Communist Party sustained a revolt against the internationally recognized Greek government which was formed after <A href="/wiki/Greek_legislative_election,_1946" title="Greek legislative election, 1946">1946 elections</A> boycotted by the KKE. The British realized that the KKE were being directly funded by <A href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Josip Broz Tito</A> in neighboring Yugoslavia. In line with the Churchill-Stalin "<A href="/wiki/Percentages_agreement" title="Percentages agreement">percentages agreement</A>", the Greek communists received no help from the Soviet Union, and Yugoslavia provided them support and sanctuary against Stalin's wishes.<SUP id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-10">[10]</A></SUP>  By late 1946, Britain informed the United States that due to its own weakening economy, it could no longer continue to provide military and economic support to royalist Greece.<SUP id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-11">[11]</A></SUP>
</P><P>In 1946–47, the United States and the Soviet Union moved from being wartime allies to Cold War adversaries. The breakdown of Allied cooperation in Germany provided a backdrop of escalating tensions for the Truman Doctrine.<SUP id="cite_ref-MerrillTruDoct_6-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-MerrillTruDoct-6">[6]</A></SUP> To Truman, the growing unrest in Greece began to look like a <A href="/wiki/Pincer_movement" title="Pincer movement">pincer movement</A> against the oil-rich areas of the Middle East and the warm-water ports of the Mediterranean.<SUP id="cite_ref-Painter_2012_29_12-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Painter_2012_29-12">[12]</A></SUP>
</P>
<DIV class="thumb tleft"><DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Kennan.jpeg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Kennan.jpeg/220px-Kennan.jpeg" width="220" height="282" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Kennan.jpeg 1.5x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="320" /></A>  <DIV class="thumbcaption"><DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Kennan.jpeg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV><A href="/wiki/George_F._Kennan" title="George F. Kennan">George F. Kennan</A> (1904-2005) proposed the doctrine of <A href="/wiki/Containment" title="Containment">containment</A> in 1946.</DIV></DIV></DIV><P>In February 1946, Kennan, an American diplomat in Moscow, sent his famed "<A href="/wiki/Long_Telegram" class="mw-redirect" title="Long Telegram">Long Telegram</A>", which predicted the Soviets would only respond to force and that the best way to handle them would be through a long-term strategy of containment, that is stopping their geographical expansion.  After the British warned that they could no longer help Greece, and following Prime Minister <A href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Tsaldaris" title="Konstantinos Tsaldaris">Konstantinos Tsaldaris</A>'s visit to Washington in December 1946 to ask for American assistance,<SUP id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-13">[13]</A></SUP> the U.S. State Department formulated a plan. Aid would be given to both Greece and Turkey, to help cool the long-standing rivalry between them.
</P><P>American policy makers recognized the instability of the region, fearing that if Greece was lost to communism, Turkey would not last long. Similarly, if Turkey yielded to Soviet demands, the position of Greece would be endangered.<SUP id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-14">[14]</A></SUP>  A regional <A href="/wiki/Domino_effect" title="Domino effect">domino effect</A> threat therefore guided the American decision. Greece and Turkey were strategic allies important for geographical reasons as well, for the fall of Greece would put the Soviets on a particularly dangerous flank for the Turks, and strengthen the Soviet Union's ability to cut off allied supply lines in the event of war.<SUP id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-15">[15]</A></SUP>
</P>
<H2><SPAN id="Truman.27s_address"></SPAN><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Truman's_address">Truman's address</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Truman_Doctrine&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Truman's address">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<DIV class="thumb tright"><DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Dean_G._Acheson,_U.S._Secretary_of_State.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Dean_G._Acheson%2C_U.S._Secretary_of_State.jpg/220px-Dean_G._Acheson%2C_U.S._Secretary_of_State.jpg" width="220" height="231" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Dean_G._Acheson%2C_U.S._Secretary_of_State.jpg/330px-Dean_G._Acheson%2C_U.S._Secretary_of_State.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Dean_G._Acheson%2C_U.S._Secretary_of_State.jpg/440px-Dean_G._Acheson%2C_U.S._Secretary_of_State.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1616" data-file-height="1696" /></A>  <DIV class="thumbcaption"><DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Dean_G._Acheson,_U.S._Secretary_of_State.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV><A href="/wiki/Dean_Acheson" title="Dean Acheson">Dean Acheson</A> (1893–1971), who helped craft Truman's doctrine, was named his secretary of state the following year.</DIV></DIV></DIV>
<P>To pass any legislation Truman needed the support of the <A href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republicans</A>, who controlled both houses of Congress.  The chief Republican spokesman Senator <A href="/wiki/Arthur_H._Vandenberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur H. Vandenberg">Arthur H. Vandenberg</A> strongly supported Truman and overcame the doubts of isolationists such as Senator <A href="/wiki/Robert_A._Taft" title="Robert A. Taft">Robert A. Taft</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-JTP_16-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-JTP-16">[16]</A></SUP><SUP class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:<SPAN>127</SPAN></SUP> Truman laid the groundwork for his request by having key congressional leaders meet with himself, Secretary of State <A href="/wiki/George_Marshall" title="George Marshall">George Marshall</A>, and Undersecretary of State <A href="/wiki/Dean_Acheson" title="Dean Acheson">Dean Acheson</A>. Acheson laid out the "domino theory" in the starkest terms, comparing a communist state to a rotten apple that could spread its infection to an entire barrel. Vandenberg was impressed, and advised Truman to appear before Congress and "scare the hell out of the American people."<SUP id="cite_ref-JTP_16-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-JTP-16">[16]</A></SUP><SUP class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:<SPAN>127-8</SPAN></SUP> On March 7, Acheson warned Truman that Greece could fall to the communists within weeks without outside aid.<SUP id="cite_ref-DM_1-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-DM-1">[1]</A></SUP><SUP class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:<SPAN>545</SPAN></SUP>
</P><P>When a draft for Truman's address was circulated to policymakers, Marshall, Kennan, and others criticized it for containing excess "rhetoric." Truman responded that, as Vandenberg had suggested, his request would only be approved if he played up the threat.<SUP id="cite_ref-DM_1-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-DM-1">[1]</A></SUP><SUP class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:<SPAN>546</SPAN></SUP>
</P><P>
On March 12, 1947, Truman appeared before a joint session of Congress. In his eighteen-minute speech, he stated:</P><BLOCKQUOTE class="templatequote"><P>I believe it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures.
</P><P>I believe that we must assist free peoples to work out their own destinies in their own way.
</P><P>I believe that our help should be primarily through economic and financial aid which is essential to economic stability and orderly political processes.<SUP id="cite_ref-DM_1-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-DM-1">[1]</A></SUP><SUP class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:<SPAN>547</SPAN></SUP>
</P>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>The reaction to Truman's speech was broadly positive, though there were dissenters. Anti-communists in both parties supported both Truman's proposed aid package and the doctrine behind it, and <I><A href="/wiki/Collier%27s" title="Collier's">Collier's</A></I> described it as a "popularity jackpot" for the President.<SUP id="cite_ref-DM_1-4" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-DM-1">[1]</A></SUP><SUP class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:<SPAN>548</SPAN></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-JTP_16-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-JTP-16">[16]</A></SUP><SUP class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:<SPAN>129</SPAN></SUP> Influential columnist <A href="/wiki/Walter_Lippmann" title="Walter Lippmann">Walter Lippmann</A> was more skeptical, noting the open-ended nature of Truman's pledge; he felt so strongly that he almost came to blows while arguing with Acheson over the doctrine.<SUP id="cite_ref-DM_1-5" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-DM-1">[1]</A></SUP><SUP class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:<SPAN>549</SPAN></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-Herring_17-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Herring-17">[17]</A></SUP><SUP class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:<SPAN>615</SPAN></SUP> Others argued that the Greek monarchy Truman proposed to defend was itself a repressive government, rather than a democracy.<SUP id="cite_ref-Herring_17-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Herring-17">[17]</A></SUP><SUP class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:<SPAN>615</SPAN></SUP>
</P><P>Despite these objections, the fear of the growing communist threat almost guaranteed the bill's passage.<SUP id="cite_ref-Herring_17-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Herring-17">[17]</A></SUP><SUP class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:<SPAN>616</SPAN></SUP> In May 1947, two months after Truman's request, a large majority of Congress approved $400 million in military and economic aid to Greece and Turkey.<SUP id="cite_ref-DM_1-6" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-DM-1">[1]</A></SUP><SUP class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:<SPAN>553-4</SPAN></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-JTP_16-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-JTP-16">[16]</A></SUP><SUP class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:<SPAN>129</SPAN></SUP> Increased American aid helped defeat the KKE, after interim defeats for government forces from 1946 to 1948.<SUP id="cite_ref-Herring_17-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Herring-17">[17]</A></SUP><SUP class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:<SPAN>616-17</SPAN></SUP> The Truman Doctrine was the first in a series of containment moves by the United States, followed by economic restoration of Western Europe through the <A href="/wiki/Marshall_Plan" title="Marshall Plan">Marshall Plan</A> and military containment by the creation of <A href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</A> in 1949.
</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Long-term_policy_and_metaphor">Long-term policy and metaphor</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Truman_Doctrine&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Long-term policy and metaphor">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<P>The Truman Doctrine underpinned American Cold War policy in Europe and around the world. In the words of historian <A href="/wiki/James_T._Patterson" title="James T. Patterson">James T. Patterson</A>, "The Truman Doctrine was a highly publicized commitment of a sort the administration had not previously undertaken. Its sweeping rhetoric, promising that the United States should aid all 'free people' being subjugated, set the stage for innumerable later ventures that led to globalistic commitments. It was in these ways a major step."<SUP id="cite_ref-JTP_16-4" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-JTP-16">[16]</A></SUP><SUP class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:<SPAN>129</SPAN></SUP>
</P><P>The doctrine endured, historian Dennis Merill argues, because it addressed a broader cultural insecurity regarding modern life in a globalized world. It dealt with Washington's concern over communism's domino effect, it enabled a media-sensitive presentation of the doctrine that won <A href="/wiki/Bipartisanship" title="Bipartisanship">bipartisan</A> support, and it mobilized American economic power to modernize and stabilize unstable regions without direct military intervention. It brought nation-building activities and modernization programs to the forefront of foreign policy.<SUP id="cite_ref-MerrillTruDoct_6-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-MerrillTruDoct-6">[6]</A></SUP>
</P><P>The Truman Doctrine became a metaphor for emergency aid to keep a nation from communist influence. Truman used disease imagery not only to communicate a sense of impending disaster in the spread of communism but also to create a "rhetorical vision" of containing it by extending a protective shield around non-communist countries throughout the world.  It echoed the "<A href="/wiki/Quarantine_Speech" title="Quarantine Speech">quarantine the aggressor</A>" policy Truman's predecessor, <A href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</A>, had sought to impose to contain German and Japanese expansion in 1937 ("quarantine" suggested the role of public health officials handling an infectious disease). The medical metaphor extended beyond the immediate aims of the Truman Doctrine in that the imagery combined with fire and flood imagery evocative of disaster provided the United States with an easy transition to direct military confrontation in later years with communist forces in Korea and Vietnam. By framing ideological differences in life or death terms, Truman was able to garner support for this communism-containing policy.<SUP id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-18">[18]</A></SUP>
</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Truman_Doctrine&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<TABLE role="presentation" class="mbox-small" style="background-color:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;color:#000;">
<TBODY><TR>
<TD class="mbox-image"><DIV class="center"><DIV class="floatnone"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" width="50" height="50" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></DIV></DIV></TD>
<TD class="mbox-text plainlist" style="line-height:1.1em"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD colspan="2" class="mbox-text" style="line-height:1.1em"><HR /><SPAN><I>Problems playing this file? See <A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_help" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Media help">media help</A>.</I></SPAN></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Liberal_internationalism" title="Liberal internationalism">Liberal internationalism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Anti-communism" title="Anti-communism">Anti-communism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Reverse_course" title="Reverse course">Reverse course</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Turkey%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Turkey–United States relations">Turkey–United States relations</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greece-United_States_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Greece-United States relations">Greece-United States relations</A></LI></UL>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="References">References</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Truman_Doctrine&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<DIV class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;">
<DIV class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><OL class="references">
<LI id="cite_note-DM-1"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-DM_1-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-DM_1-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-DM_1-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-DM_1-3"><SUP><I><B>d</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-DM_1-4"><SUP><I><B>e</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-DM_1-5"><SUP><I><B>f</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-DM_1-6"><SUP><I><B>g</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">McCullough, David (1992). <I>Truman</I>. New York: Simon & Schuster.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Truman&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=McCullough&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATruman+Doctrine" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-2"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-2"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Michael Beschloss (2006). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qqDA6OGvhmUC&pg=PA194"><I>Our Documents: 100 Milestone Documents From The National Archives</I></A>. Oxford University Press. pp. 194–99. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-530959-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-530959-1">978-0-19-530959-1</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Our+Documents%3A+100+Milestone+Documents+From+The+National+Archives&rft.pages=194-99&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-19-530959-1&rft.au=Michael+Beschloss&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqqDA6OGvhmUC%26pg%3DPA194&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATruman+Doctrine" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-3"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-3"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Eric Foner, <I>Give Me Liberty! An American History</I> (2nd ed. 2008) p 892</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-4"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-4"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Alan Bullock, <I>Ernest Bevin: Foreign Secretary</I> pp 368–9; Arnold Offner, <I>Another Such Victory: President Truman and the Cold War, 1945–2002</I> (2002) p 197; Denise M. Bostdorff, <I>Proclaiming the Truman Doctrine</I> (2008) p 51</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-5"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-5"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">George McGhee, <I>The U.S.-Turkish-NATO Middle East Connection: How the Truman Doctrine and Turkey's NATO Entry Contained the Soviets in the Middle East,</I> (1990)</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-MerrillTruDoct-6"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-MerrillTruDoct_6-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-MerrillTruDoct_6-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-MerrillTruDoct_6-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFMerrill2006">Merrill 2006</A>.</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-7"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-7"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Barın Kayaoğlu, "Strategic imperatives, Democratic rhetoric: The United States and Turkey, 1945–52." <I>Cold War History,</I> Aug 2009, Vol. 9(3)  pp. 321–345</SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-8"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-8"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Gerolymatos, André (2017-01-03). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jJoqDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA376&dq=gerolymatos+andre.+yale&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjcyfjx2ebXAhXrkeAKHV4vAMYQ6AEIJjAA#v=onepage&q=Athens%20December%20&f=false"><I>An International Civil War: Greece, 1943-1949</I></A>. Yale University Press. pp. 100–111. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780300180602" title="Special:BookSources/9780300180602">9780300180602</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+International+Civil+War%3A+Greece%2C+1943-1949&rft.pages=100-111&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2017-01-03&rft.isbn=9780300180602&rft.aulast=Gerolymatos&rft.aufirst=Andr%C3%A9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjJoqDQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA376%26dq%3Dgerolymatos%2Bandre.%2Byale%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0ahUKEwjcyfjx2ebXAhXrkeAKHV4vAMYQ6AEIJjAA%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DAthens%2520December%2520%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATruman+Doctrine" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-9"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-9"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Gerolymatos, André (2017-01-03). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jJoqDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA376&dq=gerolymatos+andre.+yale&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjcyfjx2ebXAhXrkeAKHV4vAMYQ6AEIJjAA#v=snippet&q=White%20Terror&f=false"><I>An International Civil War: Greece, 1943-1949</I></A>. Yale University Press. pp. 194–203. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780300180602" title="Special:BookSources/9780300180602">9780300180602</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+International+Civil+War%3A+Greece%2C+1943-1949&rft.pages=194-203&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2017-01-03&rft.isbn=9780300180602&rft.aulast=Gerolymatos&rft.aufirst=Andr%C3%A9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjJoqDQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA376%26dq%3Dgerolymatos%2Bandre.%2Byale%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0ahUKEwjcyfjx2ebXAhXrkeAKHV4vAMYQ6AEIJjAA%23v%3Dsnippet%26q%3DWhite%2520Terror%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATruman+Doctrine" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
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<LI id="cite_note-10"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-10"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Bærentzen, Lars, John O. Iatrides, and Ole Langwitz. Smith. <I>Studies in the History of the Greek Civil War, 1945–1949</I>. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum, 1987. 273-280. Google Books. Web. 28 Apr. 2010. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zMr7EK3ms7AC&pg=PA267&dq=%22Soviet+Union%22+%22Greek+Civil+War%22&lr=&as_drrb_is=q&as_minm_is=0&as_miny_is=&as_maxm_is=0&as_maxy_is=&as_brr=0&cd=1#v=onepage&q=%22Soviet%20Union%22%20%22Greek%20Civil%20War%22&f=false">online</A></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-11"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-11"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Bullock, <I>Ernest Bevin: Foreign Secretary</I> (1983) ch 8</SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Painter_2012_29-12"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Painter_2012_29_12-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFPainter2012">Painter 2012</A>, p. 29: "Although circumstances differed greatly in Greece, Turkey, and Iran, U.S. officials interpreted events in all three places as part of a Soviet plan to dominate the eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East. Mention of oil was deliberately deleted from Truman's March 12, 1947, address before Congress pledging resistance to communist expansion anywhere in the world; but guarding access to oil was an important part of the Truman Doctrine. The Truman Doctrine was named after Harry S. Truman. This doctrine stated that that the United States would provide political, military and economic assistance to all democratic nations under threat from external or internal authoritarian forces."<P>One draft, for example, of Truman's speech spoke of the "great natural resources" of the Middle East at stake (<A href="#CITEREFKolkoKolko1972">Kolko & Kolko 1972</A>, p. 341).
</P></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-13"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-13"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Freeland, Richard M. (1970). <I>The Truman Doctrine and the Origins of McCarthyism</I>. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. pp. g. 90.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Truman+Doctrine+and+the+Origins+of+McCarthyism&rft.pages=g.+90&rft.pub=Alfred+A.+Knopf%2C+Inc.&rft.date=1970&rft.au=Freeland%2C+Richard+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATruman+Doctrine" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-14"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-14"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Spalding, Elizabeth Edwards (2006). <I>The First Cold Warrior: Harry Truman, Containment, and the Remaking of Liberal Internationalism</I>. The University Press of Kentucky. p. 64.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+First+Cold+Warrior%3A+Harry+Truman%2C+Containment%2C+and+the+Remaking+of+Liberal+Internationalism&rft.pages=64&rft.pub=The+University+Press+of+Kentucky&rft.date=2006&rft.au=Spalding%2C+Elizabeth+Edwards&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATruman+Doctrine" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-15"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-15"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">McGhee, George (1990). <I>The US-Turkish-NATO Middle East Connection: How the Truman Doctrine Contained the Soviets in the Middle East</I>. St. Harry’s Press. pp. g. 21.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+US-Turkish-NATO+Middle+East+Connection%3A+How+the+Truman+Doctrine+Contained+the+Soviets+in+the+Middle+East&rft.pages=g.+21&rft.pub=St.+Harry%E2%80%99s+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.au=McGhee%2C+George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATruman+Doctrine" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-JTP-16"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-JTP_16-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-JTP_16-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-JTP_16-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-JTP_16-3"><SUP><I><B>d</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-JTP_16-4"><SUP><I><B>e</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Patterson, James T. (1996). <I>Grand Expectations</I>. New York: Oxford University Press.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Grand+Expectations&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=Patterson&rft.aufirst=James+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATruman+Doctrine" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Herring-17"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-Herring_17-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Herring_17-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Herring_17-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Herring_17-3"><SUP><I><B>d</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Herring, George C. (2008). <I>From Colony to Superpower: U.S. Foreign Relations Since 1776</I>. New York: Oxford University Press. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780195078220" title="Special:BookSources/9780195078220">9780195078220</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Colony+to+Superpower%3A+U.S.+Foreign+Relations+Since+1776&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780195078220&rft.aulast=Herring&rft.aufirst=George+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATruman+Doctrine" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
</LI>
<LI id="cite_note-18"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-18"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFIvie1999">Ivie 1999</A>.</SPAN>
</LI>
</OL></DIV></DIV>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Bibliography">Bibliography</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Truman_Doctrine&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<DIV class="refbegin" style="">
<UL><LI>Beisner, Robert L. <I>Dean Acheson: A Life in the Cold War</I> (2006)</LI>
<LI>Bostdorff, Denise M. <I>Proclaiming the Truman Doctrine: The Cold War Call to Arms</I> (2008) <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1603440321">excerpt and text search</A></LI>
<LI>Bullock, Alan. <I>Ernest Bevin: Foreign Secretary, 1945–1951</I> (1983) on British roles</LI>
<LI>Edwards, Lee. "Congress and the Origins of the Cold War: The Truman Doctrine," <I>World Affairs,</I> Vol. 151, 1989 <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.questiamedia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=95322176">online edition</A></LI>
<LI>Frazier, Robert. "Acheson and the Formulation of the Truman Doctrine" <I>Journal of Modern Greek Studies</I> 1999 17(2): 229–251. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0738-1727">0738-1727</A></LI>
<LI>Frazier, Robert. "Kennan, 'Universalism,' and the Truman Doctrine," <I>Journal of Cold War Studies,</I> Spring 2009, Vol. 11 Issue 2, pp 3–34</LI>
<LI>Gaddis, John Lewis. "Reconsiderations: Was the Truman Doctrine a Real Turning Point?" <I>Foreign Affairs</I> 1974 52(2): 386–402. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0015-7120">0015-7120</A></LI>
<LI>Hinds, Lynn Boyd, and Theodore Otto Windt Jr. <I>The Cold War as Rhetoric: The Beginnings, 1945–1950</I> (1991) <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.questiamedia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=14289583">online edition</A></LI>
<LI>Iatrides, John O. and Nicholas X. Rizopoulos. "The International Dimension of the Greek Civil War." <I>World Policy Journal</I> 2000 17(1): 87–103. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0740-2775">0740-2775</A> Fulltext: in Ebsco</LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFIvie1999" class="citation journal"><A href="/wiki/Robert_Ivie" title="Robert Ivie">Ivie, Robert L.</A> (1999). "Fire, Flood, and Red Fever: Motivating Metaphors of Global Emergency in the Truman Doctrine Speech". <I>Presidential Studies Quarterly</I>. <B>29</B> (3): 570–591. <A href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</A>:<A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.0268-2141.2003.00050.x">10.1111/j.0268-2141.2003.00050.x</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Presidential+Studies+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Fire%2C+Flood%2C+and+Red+Fever%3A+Motivating+Metaphors+of+Global+Emergency+in+the+Truman+Doctrine+Speech&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=570-591&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.0268-2141.2003.00050.x&rft.aulast=Ivie&rft.aufirst=Robert+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATruman+Doctrine" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI>Jeffrey, Judith S.  <I>Ambiguous Commitments and Uncertain Policies: The Truman Doctrine in Greece, 1947–1952</I> (2000). 257 pp.</LI>
<LI>Jones, Howard.  <I>"A New Kind of War": America's Global Strategy and the Truman Doctrine in Greece</I> (1989). 327 pp</LI>
<LI>Kayaoğlu, Barın. "Strategic imperatives, Democratic rhetoric: The United States and Turkey, 1945–52.," <I>Cold War History,</I> Aug 2009, Vol. 9(3).  pp. 321–345</LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFKolkoKolko1972" class="citation book">Kolko, Joyce; <A href="/wiki/Gabriel_Kolko" title="Gabriel Kolko">Kolko, Gabriel</A> (1972). <I>The Limits of Power: The World and United States Foreign Policy, 1945–1954</I>. New York, NY: <A href="/wiki/Harper_%26_Row" class="mw-redirect" title="Harper & Row">Harper & Row</A>. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-012447-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-012447-2">978-0-06-012447-2</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Limits+of+Power%3A+The+World+and+United+States+Foreign+Policy%2C+1945%E2%80%931954&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Row&rft.date=1972&rft.isbn=978-0-06-012447-2&rft.aulast=Kolko&rft.aufirst=Joyce&rft.au=Kolko%2C+Gabriel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATruman+Doctrine" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI>Leffler, Melvyn P. "Strategy, Diplomacy, and the Cold War: the United States, Turkey, and NATO, 1945–1952" <I>Journal of American History</I> 1985 71(4): 807–825. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0021-8723">0021-8723</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/pss/1888505">in JSTOR</A></LI>
<LI>Lykogiannis, Athanasios.  <I>Britain and the Greek Economic Crisis, 1944–1947: From Liberation to the Truman Doctrine.</I> U. of Missouri Press, 2002. 287 pp.  <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.questiamedia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=110162600">online edition</A></LI>
<LI>McGhee, George.  <I>The U.S.-Turkish-NATO Middle East Connection: How the Truman Doctrine and Turkey's NATO Entry Contained the Soviets in the Middle East.</I> (1990). 224 pp.</LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFMerrill2006" class="citation journal">Merrill, Dennis (2006). "The Truman Doctrine: Containing Communism and Modernity". <I>Presidential Studies Quarterly</I>. <B>36</B> (1): 27–37. <A href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</A>:<A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1741-5705.2006.00284.x">10.1111/j.1741-5705.2006.00284.x</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Presidential+Studies+Quarterly&rft.atitle=The+Truman+Doctrine%3A+Containing+Communism+and+Modernity&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=27-37&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1741-5705.2006.00284.x&rft.aulast=Merrill&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATruman+Doctrine" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI>Meiertöns, Heiko: <I>The Doctrines of US Security Policy – An Evaluation under International Law</I> (2010), <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-76648-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-76648-7">978-0-521-76648-7</A>.</LI>
<LI>Offner, Arnold A. "'Another Such Victory': President Truman, American Foreign Policy, and the Cold War." <I>Diplomatic History</I> 1999 23(2): 127–155.<A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0145-2096">0145-2096</A></LI>
<LI>Pach Jr., Chester J. <I>Arming the Free World: The Origins of the United States Military Assistance Program, 1945–1950,</I> (1991) <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.questiamedia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=96830986">online edition</A></LI>
<LI><CITE id="CITEREFPainter2012" class="citation journal"><A href="/wiki/David_S._Painter" title="David S. Painter">Painter, David S.</A> (2012). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jah.oxfordjournals.org/content/99/1/24.full.pdf">"Oil and the American Century"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. <I><A href="/wiki/The_Journal_of_American_History" title="The Journal of American History">The Journal of American History</A></I>. <B>99</B> (1): 24–39. <A href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</A>:<A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//doi.org/10.1093%2Fjahist%2Fjas073">10.1093/jahist/jas073</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+American+History&rft.atitle=Oil+and+the+American+Century&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=24-39&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fjahist%2Fjas073&rft.aulast=Painter&rft.aufirst=David+S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcontent%2F99%2F1%2F24.full.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATruman+Doctrine" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE class="citation web">Pieper, Moritz A. (2012). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.studentpulse.com/articles/672/containment-and-the-cold-war-reexaming-the-doctrine-of-containment-as-a-grand-strategy-driving-us-cold-war-interventions">"Containment and the Cold War: Reexaming the Doctrine of Containment as a Grand Strategy Driving US Cold War Interventions"</A>. StudentPulse.com<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">22 August</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Containment+and+the+Cold+War%3A+Reexaming+the+Doctrine+of+Containment+as+a+Grand+Strategy+Driving+US+Cold+War+Interventions&rft.pub=StudentPulse.com&rft.date=2012&rft.au=Pieper%2C+Moritz+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.studentpulse.com%2Farticles%2F672%2Fcontainment-and-the-cold-war-reexaming-the-doctrine-of-containment-as-a-grand-strategy-driving-us-cold-war-interventions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATruman+Doctrine" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI>Spalding, Elizabeth Edwards. <I>The First Cold Warrior: Harry Truman, Containment, And the Remaking of Liberal Internationalism</I> (2006)</LI></UL>
</DIV>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Truman_Doctrine&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
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<TD class="mbox-text plainlist"><A href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</A> has original text related to this article:
<DIV style="margin-left: 10px;"><B><A href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Truman_Doctrine" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Truman Doctrine">Truman Doctrine</A></B></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<UL><LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shapell.org/manuscript.aspx?truman-doctrine-greek-americans">Truman Comments on Greek Politicking, 1947</A> Shapell Manuscript Foundation</LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trumanlibrary.org/whistlestop/study_collections/doctrine/large/doctrine.htm">Truman Library website with papers related to the Truman Doctrine</A></LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/trudoc.asp">Full text of the speech</A></LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/harrystrumantrumandoctrine.html">Full text and audio of the speech</A></LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/acd.2a10540">Cartoon on display at the LoC</A></LI></UL>
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<UL><LI><SPAN class="nowrap"><A href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of Presidents of the United States">33rd</A> <A href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</A> (1945–1953)</SPAN></LI>
<LI><SPAN class="nowrap"><A href="/wiki/List_of_Vice_Presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of Vice Presidents of the United States">34th</A> <A href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President of the United States</A> (1945)</SPAN></LI>
<LI><SPAN class="nowrap"><A href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senator</A> from <A href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Senators_from_Missouri" title="List of United States Senators from Missouri">Missouri</A> (1935–1945)</SPAN></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidency</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Harry_S._Truman" title="First inauguration of Harry S. Truman">1945 inauguration</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Harry_S._Truman" title="Second inauguration of Harry S. Truman">1949 inauguration</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Potsdam_Conference" title="Potsdam Conference">Potsdam Conference</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Potsdam_Agreement" title="Potsdam Agreement">Agreement on Europe</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Potsdam_Declaration" title="Potsdam Declaration">Declaration to Japan</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Atomic_bombings_of_Hiroshima_and_Nagasaki" title="Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki">Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Fair_Deal" title="Fair Deal">Fair Deal</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/National_Mental_Health_Act" title="National Mental Health Act">Mental Health Act</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Mental_Health" title="National Institute of Mental Health">National Institute of Mental Health</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/National_School_Lunch_Act" title="National School Lunch Act">National School Lunch Act</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Employment_Act_of_1946" title="Employment Act of 1946">Employment Act of 1946</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Council_of_Economic_Advisers" title="Council of Economic Advisers">Council of Economic Advisers</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A class="mw-selflink selflink">Truman Doctrine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Marshall_Plan" title="Marshall Plan">Marshall Plan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Executive_Order_9835" title="Executive Order 9835">Loyalty Order</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/National_Security_Act_of_1947" title="National Security Act of 1947">National Security Act of 1947</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff" title="Joint Chiefs of Staff">Joint Chiefs of Staff</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_National_Security_Council" title="United States National Security Council">National Security Council</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force" title="United States Department of the Air Force">Department of the Air Force</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency#History" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Key_West_Agreement" title="Key West Agreement">Key West Agreement</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cape_Canaveral_Air_Force_Station#History" title="Cape Canaveral Air Force Station">Joint Long Range Proving Grounds</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Revolt_of_the_Admirals" title="Revolt of the Admirals">Revolt of the Admirals</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/President%27s_Committee_on_Civil_Rights" title="President's Committee on Civil Rights">Committee on Civil Rights</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Executive_Order_9981" title="Executive Order 9981">Integration of the Armed Forces</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Housing_Act_of_1949" title="Housing Act of 1949">Housing Act of 1949</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/North_Atlantic_Treaty" title="North Atlantic Treaty">North Atlantic Treaty</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Truman_assassination_attempt" class="mw-redirect" title="Truman assassination attempt">Assassination attempt</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_82" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 82">U.N. Security Council Resolutions 82,</A> <A href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_83" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 83">83</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/President_Truman%27s_relief_of_General_Douglas_MacArthur" title="President Truman's relief of General Douglas MacArthur">Relief of General MacArthur</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Office_of_Defense_Mobilization" title="Office of Defense Mobilization">Office of Defense Mobilization</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/President%27s_Science_Advisory_Committee" title="President's Science Advisory Committee">Science Advisory Committee</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1952_steel_strike" title="1952 steel strike">1952 steel strike</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Puerto_Rican_constitutional_referendum,_1952" title="Puerto Rican constitutional referendum, 1952">Puerto Rican constitutional referendum, 1952</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency" title="National Security Agency">National Security Agency</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1946_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1946 State of the Union Address">State of the Union Address (1946</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1950_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1950 State of the Union Address">1950</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1952_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1952 State of the Union Address">1952)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Harry_S._Truman" title="List of federal judges appointed by Harry S. Truman">Judicial appointments</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman_Supreme_Court_candidates" title="Harry S. Truman Supreme Court candidates">Supreme Court</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman#Administration_and_cabinet" title="Harry S. Truman">Cabinet</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Truman_Balcony" title="Truman Balcony">Truman Balcony</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Buck_passing#"The_buck_stops_here"" title="Buck passing">"The buck stops here"</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman#Early_life_and_career" title="Harry S. Truman">Early life and career</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman_Presidential_Library_and_Museum" title="Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum">Presidential Library, Museum, and gravesite</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Harry_S_Truman_Office_and_Courtroom" title="Harry S Truman Office and Courtroom">Missouri Office and Courtroom</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Truman_Committee" title="Truman Committee">Truman Committee</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Democratic_vice_presidential_nomination_of_1944" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic vice presidential nomination of 1944">Democratic vice presidential nomination of 1944</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Harry_S._Truman" title="Bibliography of Harry S. Truman">Bibliography</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Homes</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Harry_S_Truman_Birthplace_State_Historic_Site" title="Harry S Truman Birthplace State Historic Site">Birthplace</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman_Farm_Home" title="Harry S. Truman Farm Home">Harry S. Truman Farm Home</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman_National_Historic_Site" title="Harry S. Truman National Historic Site">Harry S. Truman home and National Historic Site</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman_Historic_District" title="Harry S. Truman Historic District">Historic District</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Blair_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Blair House">Blair House</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman_Little_White_House" title="Harry S. Truman Little White House">Truman Little White House</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Harry_S._Truman" title="Electoral history of Harry S. Truman">Elections</A></TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_election_in_Missouri,_1934" title="United States Senate election in Missouri, 1934">United States Senate election in Missouri, 1934</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_election_in_Missouri,_1940" title="United States Senate election in Missouri, 1940">1940</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1944_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1944 Democratic National Convention">Democratic National Convention 1944</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1948_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1948 Democratic National Convention">1948</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1944" title="United States presidential election, 1944">United States presidential election, 1944</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1948" title="United States presidential election, 1948">1948</A>
<UL><LI>"<A href="/wiki/Dewey_Defeats_Truman" title="Dewey Defeats Truman">Dewey Defeats Truman</A>"</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/I%27m_Just_Wild_About_Harry" title="I'm Just Wild About Harry">campaign song</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries,_1952" title="Democratic Party presidential primaries, 1952">Democratic Party presidential primaries, 1952</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legacy</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Truman_Day" title="Truman Day">Truman Day</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Harry_S_Truman_Building" title="Harry S Truman Building">Harry S Truman Building</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Truman_Reservoir" title="Truman Reservoir">Truman Dam and Reservoir</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman_Scholarship" title="Harry S. Truman Scholarship">Harry S. Truman Scholarship</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Truman_Sports_Complex" title="Truman Sports Complex">Truman Sports Complex</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Presidents_of_the_United_States_on_U.S._postage_stamps#Harry_S._Truman" title="Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps">U.S. Postage stamps</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Give_%27em_Hell,_Harry!" title="Give 'em Hell, Harry!"><I>Give 'em Hell, Harry</I> (1975 play and film)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Truman_(1995_film)" title="Truman (1995 film)"><I>Truman</I> (1995 film)</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Bess_Truman" title="Bess Truman">Bess Wallace Truman</A> (wife)</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Margaret_Truman" title="Margaret Truman">Margaret Truman</A> (daughter)</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/John_Anderson_Truman" class="mw-redirect" title="John Anderson Truman">John Anderson Truman</A> (father)</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Martha_Ellen_Young_Truman" title="Martha Ellen Young Truman">Martha Ellen Young Truman</A> (mother)</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Clifton_Truman_Daniel" title="Clifton Truman Daniel">Clifton Truman Daniel</A> (grandson)</LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TD class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><DIV>
<UL><LI><B><A href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">← Franklin D. Roosevelt</A></B></LI>
<LI><B><A href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower→</A></B></LI></UL>
<UL><LI><B><IMG alt="Category" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/16px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png" title="Category" width="16" height="14" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/24px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/32px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="31" /> <A href="/wiki/Category:Harry_S._Truman" title="Category:Harry S. Truman">Category</A></B></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV>
<DIV role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cold_War" style=";wide;padding:3px"><TABLE class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit" id="collapsibleTable1"><TBODY><TR><TH scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#B0C4DE;"><SPAN class="collapseButton">[<A id="collapseButton1" href="#">show</A>]</SPAN><DIV class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><UL><LI class="nv-view"><A href="/wiki/Template:Cold_War" title="Template:Cold War"><ABBR title="View this template" style=";background-color:#B0C4DE;;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">v</ABBR></A></LI><LI class="nv-talk"><A href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cold_War" title="Template talk:Cold War"><ABBR title="Discuss this template" style=";background-color:#B0C4DE;;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">t</ABBR></A></LI><LI class="nv-edit"><A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Cold_War&action=edit"><ABBR title="Edit this template" style=";background-color:#B0C4DE;;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">e</ABBR></A></LI></UL></DIV><DIV id="Cold_War" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><A href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</A></DIV></TH></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TD class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;"><DIV>
<UL><LI><B><A href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</A></B></LI>
<LI><B><A href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">USSR</A></B></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/ANZUS" title="ANZUS">ANZUS</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia_Treaty_Organization" title="Southeast Asia Treaty Organization">SEATO</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact" title="Warsaw Pact">Warsaw Pact</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cold_War_II" title="Cold War II">Cold War II</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;">1940s</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Morgenthau_Plan" title="Morgenthau Plan">Morgenthau Plan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hukbalahap_Rebellion" title="Hukbalahap Rebellion">Hukbalahap Rebellion</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Dekemvriana" title="Dekemvriana">Dekemvriana</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Percentages_agreement" title="Percentages agreement">Percentages agreement</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Yalta_Conference" title="Yalta Conference">Yalta Conference</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Guerrilla_war_in_the_Baltic_states" title="Guerrilla war in the Baltic states">Guerrilla war in the Baltic states</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Forest_Brothers" title="Forest Brothers">Forest Brothers</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Operation_Priboi" title="Operation Priboi">Operation Priboi</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Operation_Jungle" title="Operation Jungle">Operation Jungle</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Occupation_of_the_Baltic_states" title="Occupation of the Baltic states">Occupation of the Baltic states</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cursed_soldiers" title="Cursed soldiers">Cursed soldiers</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Operation_Unthinkable" title="Operation Unthinkable">Operation <I>Unthinkable</I></A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Operation_Downfall" title="Operation Downfall">Operation <I>Downfall</I></A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Potsdam_Conference" title="Potsdam Conference">Potsdam Conference</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Igor_Gouzenko" title="Igor Gouzenko">Gouzenko Affair</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Division_of_Korea" title="Division of Korea">Division of Korea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/War_in_Vietnam_(1945%E2%80%9346)" title="War in Vietnam (1945–46)">Operation <I>Masterdom</I></A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Operation_Beleaguer" title="Operation Beleaguer">Operation <I>Beleaguer</I></A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Operation_Blacklist_Forty" title="Operation Blacklist Forty">Operation <I>Blacklist Forty</I></A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Iran_crisis_of_1946" title="Iran crisis of 1946">Iran crisis of 1946</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">Greek Civil War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Baruch_Plan" title="Baruch Plan">Baruch Plan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Corfu_Channel_incident" title="Corfu Channel incident">Corfu Channel incident</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Turkish_Straits_crisis" title="Turkish Straits crisis">Turkish Straits crisis</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Restatement_of_Policy_on_Germany" title="Restatement of Policy on Germany">Restatement of Policy on Germany</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/First_Indochina_War" title="First Indochina War">First Indochina War</A></LI>
<LI><A class="mw-selflink selflink">Truman Doctrine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Asian_Relations_Conference" title="Asian Relations Conference">Asian Relations Conference</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/May_1947_crises" title="May 1947 crises">May 1947 Crises</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Marshall_Plan" title="Marshall Plan">Marshall Plan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Comecon" title="Comecon">Comecon</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1948_Czechoslovak_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état">1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tito%E2%80%93Stalin_Split" title="Tito–Stalin Split">Tito–Stalin Split</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Berlin_Blockade" title="Berlin Blockade">Berlin Blockade</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Western_betrayal" title="Western betrayal">Western betrayal</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Iron_Curtain" title="Iron Curtain">Iron Curtain</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eastern_Bloc" title="Eastern Bloc">Eastern Bloc</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Western_Bloc" title="Western Bloc">Western Bloc</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Chinese_Civil_War" title="Chinese Civil War">Chinese Civil War (Second round)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Malayan_Emergency" title="Malayan Emergency">Malayan Emergency</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Albanian_Subversion" title="Albanian Subversion">Albanian Subversion</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;">1950s</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Papua_conflict" title="Papua conflict">Papua conflict</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bamboo_Curtain" title="Bamboo Curtain">Bamboo Curtain</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/McCarthyism" title="McCarthyism">McCarthyism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Egyptian_revolution_of_1952" title="Egyptian revolution of 1952">Egyptian Revolution of 1952</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1953_Iranian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1953 Iranian coup d'état">1953 Iranian coup d'état</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Uprising_of_1953_in_East_Germany" title="Uprising of 1953 in East Germany">Uprising of 1953 in East Germany</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Dirty_War_(Mexico)" title="Dirty War (Mexico)">Dirty War (Mexico)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bricker_Amendment" title="Bricker Amendment">Bricker Amendment</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1954_Guatemalan_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1954 Guatemalan coup d'état">1954 Guatemalan coup d'état</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1954_Geneva_Conference" title="1954 Geneva Conference">Partition of Vietnam</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/First_Taiwan_Strait_Crisis" title="First Taiwan Strait Crisis">First Taiwan Strait Crisis</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Geneva_Summit_(1955)" title="Geneva Summit (1955)">Geneva Summit (1955)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bandung_Conference" title="Bandung Conference">Bandung Conference</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pozna%C5%84_1956_protests" title="Poznań 1956 protests">Poznań 1956 protests</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1956" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1956">Hungarian Revolution of 1956</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Suez_Crisis" title="Suez Crisis">Suez Crisis</A></LI>
<LI>"<A href="/wiki/We_will_bury_you" title="We will bury you">We will bury you</A>"</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Operation_Gladio" title="Operation Gladio">Operation Gladio</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Arab_Cold_War" title="Arab Cold War">Arab Cold War</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Syrian_Crisis_of_1957" title="Syrian Crisis of 1957">Syrian Crisis of 1957</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1958_Lebanon_crisis" title="1958 Lebanon crisis">1958 Lebanon crisis</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/14_July_Revolution" title="14 July Revolution">Iraqi 14 July Revolution</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sputnik_crisis" title="Sputnik crisis">Sputnik crisis</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Second_Taiwan_Strait_Crisis" title="Second Taiwan Strait Crisis">Second Taiwan Strait Crisis</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1959_Tibetan_uprising" title="1959 Tibetan uprising">1959 Tibetan uprising</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cuban_Revolution" title="Cuban Revolution">Cuban Revolution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kitchen_Debate" title="Kitchen Debate">Kitchen Debate</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sino-Soviet_split" title="Sino-Soviet split">Sino-Soviet split</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;">1960s</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Congo_Crisis" title="Congo Crisis">Congo Crisis</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1960_U-2_incident" title="1960 U-2 incident">1960 U-2 incident</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bay_of_Pigs_Invasion" title="Bay of Pigs Invasion">Bay of Pigs Invasion</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1960_Turkish_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1960 Turkish coup d'état">1960 Turkish coup d'état</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Soviet%E2%80%93Albanian_split" title="Soviet–Albanian split">Soviet–Albanian split</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Berlin_Crisis_of_1961" title="Berlin Crisis of 1961">Berlin Crisis of 1961</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Berlin_Wall" title="Berlin Wall">Berlin Wall</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Portuguese_Colonial_War" title="Portuguese Colonial War">Portuguese Colonial War</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Angolan_War_of_Independence" title="Angolan War of Independence">Angolan War of Independence</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau_War_of_Independence" title="Guinea-Bissau War of Independence">Guinea-Bissau War of Independence</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mozambican_War_of_Independence" title="Mozambican War of Independence">Mozambican War of Independence</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cuban_Missile_Crisis" title="Cuban Missile Crisis">Cuban Missile Crisis</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sino-Indian_War" title="Sino-Indian War">Sino-Indian War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Communist_insurgency_in_Sarawak" title="Communist insurgency in Sarawak">Communist insurgency in Sarawak</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ramadan_Revolution" title="Ramadan Revolution">Iraqi Ramadan Revolution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eritrean_War_of_Independence" title="Eritrean War of Independence">Eritrean War of Independence</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sand_War" title="Sand War">Sand War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/North_Yemen_Civil_War" title="North Yemen Civil War">North Yemen Civil War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Aden_Emergency" title="Aden Emergency">Aden Emergency</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1963_Syrian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1963 Syrian coup d'état">1963 Syrian coup d'état</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Shifta_War" title="Shifta War">Shifta War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Guatemalan_Civil_War" title="Guatemalan Civil War">Guatemalan Civil War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Colombian_conflict" title="Colombian conflict">Colombian conflict</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nicaraguan_Revolution" title="Nicaraguan Revolution">Nicaraguan Revolution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1964_Brazilian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1964 Brazilian coup d'état">1964 Brazilian coup d'état</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Dominican_Civil_War" title="Dominican Civil War">Dominican Civil War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/South_African_Border_War" title="South African Border War">South African Border War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Transition_to_the_New_Order" title="Transition to the New Order">Transition to the New Order</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Domino_theory" title="Domino theory">Domino theory</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/ASEAN_Declaration" title="ASEAN Declaration">ASEAN Declaration</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Laotian_Civil_War" title="Laotian Civil War">Laotian Civil War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1966_Syrian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1966 Syrian coup d'état">1966 Syrian coup d'état</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Argentine_Revolution" title="Argentine Revolution">Argentine Revolution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Korean_DMZ_Conflict" title="Korean DMZ Conflict">Korean DMZ Conflict</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greek_military_junta_of_1967%E2%80%931974" title="Greek military junta of 1967–1974">Greek military junta of 1967–74</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Years_of_Lead_(Italy)" title="Years of Lead (Italy)">Years of Lead (Italy)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/USS_Pueblo_(AGER-2)#USS_Pueblo_incident" title="USS Pueblo (AGER-2)">USS <I>Pueblo</I> incident</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Six-Day_War" title="Six-Day War">Six-Day War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/War_of_Attrition" title="War of Attrition">War of Attrition</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Dhofar_Rebellion" title="Dhofar Rebellion">Dhofar Rebellion</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Al-Wadiah_War" title="Al-Wadiah War">Al-Wadiah War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Protests_of_1968" title="Protests of 1968">Protests of 1968</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/May_1968_events_in_France" title="May 1968 events in France">French May</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tlatelolco_massacre" title="Tlatelolco massacre">Tlatelolco massacre</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cultural_Revolution" title="Cultural Revolution">Cultural Revolution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Prague_Spring" title="Prague Spring">Prague Spring</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1968_Polish_political_crisis" title="1968 Polish political crisis">1968 Polish political crisis</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Communist_insurgency_in_Malaysia_(1968%E2%80%9389)" title="Communist insurgency in Malaysia (1968–89)">Communist insurgency in Malaysia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact_invasion_of_Czechoslovakia" title="Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia">Invasion of Czechoslovakia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/17_July_Revolution" title="17 July Revolution">Iraqi Ba'athist Revolution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Goulash_Communism" title="Goulash Communism">Goulash Communism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sino-Soviet_border_conflict" title="Sino-Soviet border conflict">Sino-Soviet border conflict</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/CPP%E2%80%93NPA%E2%80%93NDF_rebellion" title="CPP–NPA–NDF rebellion">CPP–NPA–NDF rebellion</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Corrective_Move" title="Corrective Move">Corrective Move</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;">1970s</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/D%C3%A9tente" title="Détente">Détente</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Non-Proliferation_of_Nuclear_Weapons" title="Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons">Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Black_September" title="Black September">Black September in Jordan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Corrective_Movement_(Syria)" title="Corrective Movement (Syria)">Corrective Movement (Syria)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cambodian_Civil_War" title="Cambodian Civil War">Cambodian Civil War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Koza_riot" title="Koza riot">Koza riot</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Realpolitik" title="Realpolitik">Realpolitik</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ping-pong_diplomacy" title="Ping-pong diplomacy">Ping-pong diplomacy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Uganda%E2%80%93Tanzania_War" title="Uganda–Tanzania War">Uganda–Tanzania War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1971_Turkish_military_memorandum" title="1971 Turkish military memorandum">1971 Turkish military memorandum</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Corrective_Revolution_(Egypt)" title="Corrective Revolution (Egypt)">Corrective Revolution (Egypt)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Four_Power_Agreement_on_Berlin" title="Four Power Agreement on Berlin">Four Power Agreement on Berlin</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Bangladesh Liberation War">Bangladesh Liberation War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon%27s_1972_visit_to_China" title="Richard Nixon's 1972 visit to China">1972 Nixon visit to China</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/South_Yemen#Disputes_with_North_Yemen" title="South Yemen">North Yemen-South Yemen Border conflict of 1972</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Modern_history_of_Yemen#Relations_between_the_North_Yemen_and_the_South_Yemen" title="Modern history of Yemen">Yemenite War of 1972</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/NDF_Rebellion" title="NDF Rebellion">NDF Rebellion</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eritrean_Civil_Wars" title="Eritrean Civil Wars">Eritrean Civil Wars</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1973_Chilean_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1973 Chilean coup d'état">1973 Chilean coup d'état</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Yom_Kippur_War" title="Yom Kippur War">Yom Kippur War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1973_oil_crisis" title="1973 oil crisis">1973 oil crisis</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Carnation_Revolution" title="Carnation Revolution">Carnation Revolution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Spanish_transition_to_democracy" title="Spanish transition to democracy">Spanish transition</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Metapolitefsi" title="Metapolitefsi">Metapolitefsi</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Strategic_Arms_Limitation_Talks" title="Strategic Arms Limitation Talks">Strategic Arms Limitation Talks</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rhodesian_Bush_War" title="Rhodesian Bush War">Rhodesian Bush War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Angolan_Civil_War" title="Angolan Civil War">Angolan Civil War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mozambican_Civil_War" title="Mozambican Civil War">Mozambican Civil War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Oromo_conflict" title="Oromo conflict">Oromo conflict</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ogaden_War" title="Ogaden War">Ogaden War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Civil_War" title="Ethiopian Civil War">Ethiopian Civil War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lebanese_Civil_War" title="Lebanese Civil War">Lebanese Civil War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sino-Albanian_split" title="Sino-Albanian split">Sino-Albanian split</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cambodian%E2%80%93Vietnamese_War" title="Cambodian–Vietnamese War">Cambodian–Vietnamese War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sino-Vietnamese_War" title="Sino-Vietnamese War">Sino-Vietnamese War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Operation_Condor" title="Operation Condor">Operation <I>Condor</I></A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Dirty_War" title="Dirty War">Dirty War (Argentina)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1976_Argentine_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1976 Argentine coup d'état">1976 Argentine coup d'état</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Korean_Air_Lines_Flight_902" title="Korean Air Lines Flight 902">Korean Air Lines Flight 902</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Yemenite_War_of_1979" title="Yemenite War of 1979">Yemenite War of 1979</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Grand_Mosque_seizure" title="Grand Mosque seizure">Grand Mosque seizure</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Iranian_Revolution" title="Iranian Revolution">Iranian Revolution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Saur_Revolution" title="Saur Revolution">Saur Revolution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/New_Jewel_Movement" title="New Jewel Movement">New Jewel Movement</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1979_Herat_uprising" title="1979 Herat uprising">1979 Herat uprising</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Seven_Days_to_the_River_Rhine" title="Seven Days to the River Rhine">Seven Days to the River Rhine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Struggle_against_political_abuse_of_psychiatry_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union">Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;">1980s</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Soviet%E2%80%93Afghan_War" title="Soviet–Afghan War">Soviet–Afghan War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1980_Summer_Olympics_boycott" title="1980 Summer Olympics boycott">1980</A> and <A href="/wiki/1984_Summer_Olympics_boycott" title="1984 Summer Olympics boycott">1984 Summer Olympics boycotts</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1980_Turkish_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1980 Turkish coup d'état">1980 Turkish coup d'état</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Internal_conflict_in_Peru" title="Internal conflict in Peru">Peruvian conflict</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Casamance_conflict" title="Casamance conflict">Casamance conflict</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ugandan_Bush_War" title="Ugandan Bush War">Ugandan Bush War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Resistance_Army_insurgency" title="Lord's Resistance Army insurgency">Lord's Resistance Army insurgency</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eritrean_Civil_Wars" title="Eritrean Civil Wars">Eritrean Civil Wars</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1982_Ethiopian%E2%80%93Somali_Border_War" title="1982 Ethiopian–Somali Border War">1982 Ethiopian–Somali Border War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ndogboyosoi_War" title="Ndogboyosoi War">Ndogboyosoi War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/US_invasion_of_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="US invasion of Grenada">United States invasion of Grenada</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Able_Archer_83" title="Able Archer 83">Able Archer 83</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Strategic_Defense_Initiative" title="Strategic Defense Initiative">Star Wars</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_War" title="Iran–Iraq War">Iran–Iraq War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Somali_Rebellion" title="Somali Rebellion">Somali Rebellion</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1986_Black_Sea_incident" title="1986 Black Sea incident">1986 Black Sea incident</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1988_Black_Sea_bumping_incident" title="1988 Black Sea bumping incident">1988 Black Sea bumping incident</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/South_Yemen_Civil_War" title="South Yemen Civil War">South Yemen Civil War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bougainville_Civil_War" title="Bougainville Civil War">Bougainville Civil War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/8888_Uprising" title="8888 Uprising">8888 Uprising</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/History_of_Solidarity" title="History of Solidarity">Solidarity</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Soviet_reaction_to_the_Polish_crisis_of_1980%E2%80%931981" title="Soviet reaction to the Polish crisis of 1980–1981">Soviet reaction</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Contras" title="Contras">Contras</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Central_American_crisis" title="Central American crisis">Central American crisis</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/RYAN" title="RYAN">RYAN</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Korean_Air_Lines_Flight_007" title="Korean Air Lines Flight 007">Korean Air Lines Flight 007</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/People_Power_Revolution" title="People Power Revolution">People Power Revolution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Glasnost" title="Glasnost">Glasnost</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Perestroika" title="Perestroika">Perestroika</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nagorno-Karabakh_War" title="Nagorno-Karabakh War">Nagorno-Karabakh War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Afghan_Civil_War_(1989%E2%80%9392)" class="mw-redirect" title="Afghan Civil War (1989–92)">Afghan Civil War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Panama" title="United States invasion of Panama">United States invasion of Panama</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/1988_Polish_strikes" title="1988 Polish strikes">1988 Polish strikes</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989" title="Tiananmen Square protests of 1989">Tiananmen Square protests of 1989</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1989" title="Revolutions of 1989">Revolutions of 1989</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Berlin_Wall#The_Fall" title="Berlin Wall">Fall of the Berlin Wall</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Velvet_Revolution" title="Velvet Revolution">Velvet Revolution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Romanian_Revolution" title="Romanian Revolution">Romanian Revolution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Peaceful_Revolution" title="Peaceful Revolution">Peaceful Revolution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Die_Wende" title="Die Wende">Die Wende</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;">1990s</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Mongolian_Revolution_of_1990" title="Mongolian Revolution of 1990">Mongolian Revolution of 1990</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/German_reunification" title="German reunification">German reunification</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Yemeni_unification" title="Yemeni unification">Yemeni unification</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Fall_of_communism_in_Albania" title="Fall of communism in Albania">Fall of communism in Albania</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Breakup of Yugoslavia">Breakup of Yugoslavia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">Dissolution of the Soviet Union</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_Czechoslovakia" title="Dissolution of Czechoslovakia">Dissolution of Czechoslovakia</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;"><A href="/wiki/Frozen_conflict" title="Frozen conflict">Frozen conflicts</A></TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Abkhaz%E2%80%93Georgian_conflict" title="Abkhaz–Georgian conflict">Abkhazia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Taiwan" title="Political status of Taiwan">China-Taiwan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Division_of_Korea" title="Division of Korea">Korea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Nagorno-Karabakh" title="Political status of Nagorno-Karabakh">Nagorno-Karabakh</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Georgian%E2%80%93Ossetian_conflict" title="Georgian–Ossetian conflict">South Ossetia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Transnistria_War" title="Transnistria War">Transnistria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sino-Indian_border_dispute" title="Sino-Indian border dispute">Sino-Indian border dispute</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/North_Borneo_dispute" title="North Borneo dispute">North Borneo dispute</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;">Foreign policy</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A class="mw-selflink selflink">Truman Doctrine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Containment" title="Containment">Containment</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eisenhower_Doctrine" title="Eisenhower Doctrine">Eisenhower Doctrine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Domino_theory" title="Domino theory">Domino theory</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hallstein_Doctrine" title="Hallstein Doctrine">Hallstein Doctrine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kennedy_Doctrine" title="Kennedy Doctrine">Kennedy Doctrine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Peaceful_coexistence" title="Peaceful coexistence">Peaceful coexistence</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ostpolitik" title="Ostpolitik">Ostpolitik</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Johnson_Doctrine" title="Johnson Doctrine">Johnson Doctrine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Brezhnev_Doctrine" title="Brezhnev Doctrine">Brezhnev Doctrine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nixon_Doctrine" title="Nixon Doctrine">Nixon Doctrine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ulbricht_Doctrine" title="Ulbricht Doctrine">Ulbricht Doctrine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Carter_Doctrine" title="Carter Doctrine">Carter Doctrine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Reagan_Doctrine" title="Reagan Doctrine">Reagan Doctrine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rollback" title="Rollback">Rollback</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sovereignty_of_Puerto_Rico_during_the_Cold_War" title="Sovereignty of Puerto Rico during the Cold War">Sovereignty of Puerto Rico during the Cold War</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;">Ideologies</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV><TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><TBODY><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;"><A href="/wiki/Capitalism" title="Capitalism">Capitalism</A></TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Chicago_school_of_economics" title="Chicago school of economics">Chicago school</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Keynesian_economics" title="Keynesian economics">Keynesianism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Monetarism" title="Monetarism">Monetarism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Neoclassical_economics" title="Neoclassical economics">Neoclassical economics</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Reaganomics" title="Reaganomics">Reaganomics</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Supply-side_economics" title="Supply-side economics">Supply-side economics</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Thatcherism" title="Thatcherism">Thatcherism</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;"><A href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</A></TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxism–Leninism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Politics_of_Fidel_Castro" title="Politics of Fidel Castro">Castroism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eurocommunism" title="Eurocommunism">Eurocommunism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Guevarism" title="Guevarism">Guevarism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hoxhaism" title="Hoxhaism">Hoxhaism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Juche" title="Juche">Juche</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Maoism" title="Maoism">Maoism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Trotskyism" title="Trotskyism">Trotskyism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Naxalite" title="Naxalite">Naxalism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Stalinism" title="Stalinism">Stalinism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Titoism" title="Titoism">Titoism</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;">Other</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">Fascism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism">Islamism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Liberal_democracy" title="Liberal democracy">Liberal democracy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">Social democracy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Third-Worldism" title="Third-Worldism">Third-Worldism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/White_supremacy" title="White supremacy">White supremacy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Apartheid" title="Apartheid">Apartheid</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><DIV></DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;">Organizations</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations" title="Association of Southeast Asian Nations">ASEAN</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">CIA</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Comecon" title="Comecon">Comecon</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/European_Economic_Community" title="European Economic Community">EEC</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/KGB" title="KGB">KGB</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Secret_Intelligence_Service" title="Secret Intelligence Service">MI6</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/South_Asian_Association_for_Regional_Cooperation" title="South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation">SAARC</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Safari_Club" title="Safari Club">Safari Club</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Stasi" title="Stasi">Stasi</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;">Propaganda</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Active_measures" title="Active measures">Active measures</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Crusade_for_Freedom" title="Crusade for Freedom">Crusade for Freedom</A></LI>
<LI><I><A href="/wiki/Izvestia" title="Izvestia">Izvestia</A></I></LI>
<LI><I><A href="/wiki/Pravda" title="Pravda">Pravda</A></I></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Radio_Free_Europe/Radio_Liberty" title="Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty">Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Red_Scare" title="Red Scare">Red Scare</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Telegraph_Agency_of_the_Soviet_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union">TASS</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Voice_of_America" title="Voice of America">Voice of America</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Voice_of_Russia" title="Voice of Russia">Voice of Russia</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;">Races</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Arms_race" title="Arms race">Arms race</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nuclear_arms_race" title="Nuclear arms race">Nuclear arms race</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Space_Race" title="Space Race">Space Race</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;">See also</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Allied_intervention_in_the_Russian_Civil_War" title="Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War">Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Soviet_espionage_in_the_United_States" title="Soviet espionage in the United States">Soviet espionage in the United States</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Soviet_Union%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Soviet Union–United States relations">Soviet Union–United States relations</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_Soviet_Union%E2%80%93United_States_summits" title="List of Soviet Union–United States summits">USSR–USA summits</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Russian_espionage_in_the_United_States" title="Russian espionage in the United States">Russian espionage in the United States</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/American_espionage_in_the_Soviet_Union_and_Russian_Federation" title="American espionage in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation">American espionage in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Russia–NATO relations">Russia–NATO relations</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Brinkmanship_(Cold_War)" class="mw-redirect" title="Brinkmanship (Cold War)">Brinkmanship</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/CIA_and_the_Cultural_Cold_War" title="CIA and the Cultural Cold War">CIA and the Cultural Cold War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cold_War_II" title="Cold War II">Cold War II</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TD class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;font-weight:bold;"><DIV>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Cold_War" title="Category:Cold War">Category</A></LI>
<LI><A href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cold_War" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Cold War">Commons</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Portal:Cold_War" title="Portal:Cold War">Portal</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Timeline_of_events_in_the_Cold_War" title="Timeline of events in the Cold War">Timeline</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_conflicts_related_to_the_Cold_War" title="List of conflicts related to the Cold War">List of conflicts</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV>
<DIV role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_States&#124;link=United_States_Foreign_relations_of_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><TABLE class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit" id="collapsibleTable2"><TBODY><TR><TH scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><SPAN class="collapseButton">[<A id="collapseButton2" href="#">show</A>]</SPAN><DIV class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><UL><LI class="nv-view"><A href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_the_United_States" title="Template:Foreign relations of the United States"><ABBR title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">v</ABBR></A></LI><LI class="nv-talk"><A href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_relations_of_the_United_States" title="Template talk:Foreign relations of the United States"><ABBR title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">t</ABBR></A></LI><LI class="nv-edit"><A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Foreign_relations_of_the_United_States&action=edit"><ABBR title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">e</ABBR></A></LI></UL></DIV><DIV id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_States&#124;link=United_States_Foreign_relations_of_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><SPAN class="flagicon"><A href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><IMG alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></A></SPAN> <A href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_United_States" title="Foreign relations of the United States">Foreign relations of the United States</A></DIV></TH></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV><TABLE class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0" id="collapsibleTable3"><TBODY><TR><TH scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";padding-left:75px"><SPAN class="collapseButton">[<A id="collapseButton3" href="#">show</A>]</SPAN><DIV id="Bilateral_relations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><A href="/wiki/Bilateralism" title="Bilateralism">Bilateral</A> relations</DIV></TH></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV><TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><TBODY><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV><TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><TBODY><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">East</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Burundi%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Burundi–United States relations">Burundi</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Comoros%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Comoros–United States relations">Comoros</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Djibouti%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Djibouti–United States relations">Djibouti</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eritrea%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Eritrea–United States relations">Eritrea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ethiopia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Ethiopia–United States relations">Ethiopia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kenya%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Kenya–United States relations">Kenya</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Madagascar%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Madagascar–United States relations">Madagascar</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Malawi%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Malawi–United States relations">Malawi</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mauritius%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Mauritius–United States relations">Mauritius</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mozambique%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Mozambique–United States relations">Mozambique</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rwanda%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Rwanda–United States relations">Rwanda</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Seychelles%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Seychelles–United States relations">Seychelles</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Somalia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Somalia–United States relations">Somalia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/South_Sudan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="South Sudan–United States relations">South Sudan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tanzania%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Tanzania–United States relations">Tanzania</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Uganda%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Uganda–United States relations">Uganda</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Zambia_relations" title="United States–Zambia relations">Zambia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Zimbabwe_relations" title="United States–Zimbabwe relations">Zimbabwe</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">Middle</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Angola%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Angola–United States relations">Angola</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cameroon%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Cameroon–United States relations">Cameroon</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Central African Republic–United States relations">Central African Republic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Chad%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Chad–United States relations">Chad</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo–United States relations">Democratic Republic of the Congo</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Republic of the Congo–United States relations">Republic of the Congo</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Equatorial Guinea–United States relations">Equatorial Guinea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gabon%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Gabon–United States relations">Gabon</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="São Tomé and Príncipe–United States relations">São Tomé and Príncipe</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">North</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Algeria%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Algeria–United States relations">Algeria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Egypt–United States relations">Egypt</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Libya%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Libya–United States relations">Libya</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Morocco–United States relations">Morocco</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic–United States relations">Sahrawi Republic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sudan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Sudan–United States relations">Sudan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tunisia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Tunisia–United States relations">Tunisia</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">Southern</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Botswana%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Botswana–United States relations">Botswana</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lesotho%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Lesotho–United States relations">Lesotho</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Namibia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Namibia–United States relations">Namibia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/South_Africa%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="South Africa–United States relations">South Africa</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Swaziland%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Swaziland–United States relations">Swaziland</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">West</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Benin%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Benin–United States relations">Benin</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Burkina Faso–United States relations">Burkina Faso</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cape_Verde%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Cape Verde–United States relations">Cape Verde</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire%E2%80%93United_States_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Côte d'Ivoire–United States relations">Ivory Coast</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/The_Gambia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="The Gambia–United States relations">The Gambia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Ghana–United States relations">Ghana</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Guinea%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Guinea–United States relations">Guinea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Guinea-Bissau–United States relations">Guinea-Bissau</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Liberia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Liberia–United States relations">Liberia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mali%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Mali–United States relations">Mali</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mauritania%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Mauritania–United States relations">Mauritania</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Niger%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Niger–United States relations">Niger</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nigeria%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Nigeria–United States relations">Nigeria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Senegal%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Senegal–United States relations">Senegal</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Sierra Leone–United States relations">Sierra Leone</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Togo%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Togo–United States relations">Togo</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><DIV></DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV><TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><TBODY><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">Caribbean</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda%E2%80%93United_States_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Antigua and Barbuda–United States relations">Antigua and Barbuda</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Aruba%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Aruba–United States relations">Aruba</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Barbados%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Barbados–United States relations">Barbados</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Cayman Islands–United States relations">Cayman Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Cuba–United States relations">Cuba</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Dominica%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Dominica–United States relations">Dominica</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Dominican Republic–United States relations">Dominican Republic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Grenada%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Grenada–United States relations">Grenada</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Haiti%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Haiti–United States relations">Haiti</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Jamaica%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Jamaica–United States relations">Jamaica</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Saint Kitts and Nevis–United States relations">St. Kitts and Nevis</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Saint Lucia–United States relations">St. Lucia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines–United States relations">St. Vincent and the Grenadines</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Trinidad and Tobago–United States relations">Trinidad and Tobago</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">Central</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Belize%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Belize–United States relations">Belize</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Costa_Rica%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Costa Rica–United States relations">Costa Rica</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/El_Salvador%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="El Salvador–United States relations">El Salvador</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Guatemala%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Guatemala–United States relations">Guatemala</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Honduras%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Honduras–United States relations">Honduras</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nicaragua%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Nicaragua–United States relations">Nicaragua</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Panama%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Panama–United States relations">Panama</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">Northern</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Bermuda%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Bermuda–United States relations">Bermuda</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Canada–United States relations">Canada</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93United_States_trade_relations" title="Canada–United States trade relations">trade relations</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Mexico–United States relations">Mexico</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">South</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Argentina%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Argentina–United States relations">Argentina</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bolivia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Bolivia–United States relations">Bolivia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Brazil%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Brazil–United States relations">Brazil</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Chile%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Chile–United States relations">Chile</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Colombia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Colombia–United States relations">Colombia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ecuador%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Ecuador–United States relations">Ecuador</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Guyana%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Guyana–United States relations">Guyana</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Paraguay%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Paraguay–United States relations">Paraguay</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Peru%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Peru–United States relations">Peru</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Suriname%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Suriname–United States relations">Suriname</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Uruguay_relations" title="United States–Uruguay relations">Uruguay</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="United States–Venezuela relations">Venezuela</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><DIV></DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV><TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><TBODY><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">Central</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Kazakhstan–United States relations">Kazakhstan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Kyrgyzstan–United States relations">Kyrgyzstan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tajikistan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Tajikistan–United States relations">Tajikistan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Turkmenistan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Turkmenistan–United States relations">Turkmenistan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Uzbekistan_relations" title="United States–Uzbekistan relations">Uzbekistan</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">East</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="China–United States relations">China</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Hong_Kong%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Hong Kong–United States relations">Hong Kong</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Japan–United States relations">Japan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Macau%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Macau–United States relations">Macau</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mongolia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Mongolia–United States relations">Mongolia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="North Korea–United States relations">North Korea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/South_Korea%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="South Korea–United States relations">South Korea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Taiwan–United States relations">Taiwan</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">South</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Afghanistan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Afghanistan–United States relations">Afghanistan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Bangladesh–United States relations">Bangladesh</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bhutan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Bhutan–United States relations">Bhutan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="India–United States relations">India</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Maldives%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Maldives–United States relations">Maldives</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nepal%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Nepal–United States relations">Nepal</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Pakistan–United States relations">Pakistan</A> (<A href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93United_States_military_relations" title="Pakistan–United States military relations">military relations</A>)</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Sri Lanka–United States relations">Sri Lanka</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">Southeast</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Brunei%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Brunei–United States relations">Brunei</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Burma%E2%80%93United_States_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Burma–United States relations">Burma</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cambodia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Cambodia–United States relations">Cambodia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/East_Timor%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="East Timor–United States relations">East Timor</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Indonesia–United States relations">Indonesia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Laos%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Laos–United States relations">Laos</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Malaysia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Malaysia–United States relations">Malaysia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Philippines%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Philippines–United States relations">Philippines</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Singapore%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Singapore–United States relations">Singapore</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Thailand%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Thailand–United States relations">Thailand</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="United States–Vietnam relations">Vietnam</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">West</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Armenia–United States relations">Armenia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Azerbaijan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Azerbaijan–United States relations">Azerbaijan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Bahrain–United States relations">Bahrain</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cyprus%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Cyprus–United States relations">Cyprus</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Georgia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Georgia–United States relations">Georgia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Iran–United States relations">Iran</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Iraq%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Iraq–United States relations">Iraq</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Israel–United States relations">Israel</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93United_States_military_relations" title="Israel–United States military relations">military relations</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Jordan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Jordan–United States relations">Jordan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kuwait%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Kuwait–United States relations">Kuwait</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lebanon%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Lebanon–United States relations">Lebanon</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Oman%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Oman–United States relations">Oman</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Palestine%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Palestine–United States relations">Palestine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Qatar%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Qatar–United States relations">Qatar</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Saudi Arabia–United States relations">Saudi Arabia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Syria%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Syria–United States relations">Syria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Turkey%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Turkey–United States relations">Turkey</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="United Arab Emirates–United States relations">United Arab Emirates</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Yemen_relations" title="United States–Yemen relations">Yemen</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><DIV></DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV><TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><TBODY><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">East</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Belarus%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Belarus–United States relations">Belarus</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bulgaria%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Bulgaria–United States relations">Bulgaria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Czech_Republic%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Czech Republic–United States relations">Czech Republic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hungary%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Hungary–United States relations">Hungary</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Moldova%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Moldova–United States relations">Moldova</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Poland%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Poland–United States relations">Poland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Romania%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Romania–United States relations">Romania</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Russia–United States relations">Russia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Slovakia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Slovakia–United States relations">Slovakia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Ukraine–United States relations">Ukraine</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">North</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Denmark–United States relations">Denmark</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Estonia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Estonia–United States relations">Estonia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Finland%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Finland–United States relations">Finland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Iceland%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Iceland–United States relations">Iceland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ireland%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Ireland–United States relations">Ireland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Latvia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Latvia–United States relations">Latvia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lithuania%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Lithuania–United States relations">Lithuania</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Norway%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Norway–United States relations">Norway</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sweden%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Sweden–United States relations">Sweden</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_Kingdom%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="United Kingdom–United States relations">United Kingdom</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">South</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Andorra%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Andorra–United States relations">Andorra</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Albania–United States relations">Albania</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina–United States relations">Bosnia and Herzegovina</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Croatia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Croatia–United States relations">Croatia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greece%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Greece–United States relations">Greece</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Italy%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Italy–United States relations">Italy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kosovo%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Kosovo–United States relations">Kosovo</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Republic_of_Macedonia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Republic of Macedonia–United States relations">Macedonia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Malta%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Malta–United States relations">Malta</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Montenegro%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Montenegro–United States relations">Montenegro</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Portugal%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Portugal–United States relations">Portugal</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/San_Marino%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="San Marino–United States relations">San Marino</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Serbia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Serbia–United States relations">Serbia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Slovenia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Slovenia–United States relations">Slovenia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Spain%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Spain–United States relations">Spain</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Holy See–United States relations">Vatican City</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal">West</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Austria%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Austria–United States relations">Austria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Belgium%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Belgium–United States relations">Belgium</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="France–United States relations">France</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Germany–United States relations">Germany</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Liechtenstein%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Liechtenstein–United States relations">Liechtenstein</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Luxembourg%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Luxembourg–United States relations">Luxembourg</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Monaco%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Monaco–United States relations">Monaco</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Netherlands%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Netherlands–United States relations">Netherlands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Switzerland%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Switzerland–United States relations">Switzerland</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><DIV></DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Australia–United States relations">Australia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Fiji%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Fiji–United States relations">Fiji</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kiribati%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Kiribati–United States relations">Kiribati</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Marshall_Islands%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Marshall Islands–United States relations">Marshall Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Federated States of Micronesia–United States relations">Micronesia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nauru%E2%80%93United_States_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Nauru–United States relations">Nauru</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/New_Zealand%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="New Zealand–United States relations">New Zealand</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Palau%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Palau–United States relations">Palau</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Papua New Guinea–United States relations">Papua New Guinea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Samoa%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Samoa–United States relations">Samoa</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Solomon Islands–United States relations">Solomon Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tonga%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Tonga–United States relations">Tonga</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tuvalu%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Tuvalu–United States relations">Tuvalu</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Vanuatu_relations" title="United States–Vanuatu relations">Vanuatu</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former states</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hawaii%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Kingdom of Hawaii–United States relations">Kingdom of Hawaii</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Republic_of_Texas%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Republic of Texas–United States relations">Republic of Texas</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Russian_Empire%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Russian Empire–United States relations">Russian Empire</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Soviet_Union%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Soviet Union–United States relations">Soviet Union</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><DIV></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><DIV></DIV></TD><TD class="navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><DIV><A href="/wiki/File:Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_(obverse).svg" class="image"><IMG alt="Great Seal of the United States (obverse).svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg/75px-Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg.png" width="75" height="75" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg/113px-Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg/150px-Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></A></DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV><TABLE class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0" id="collapsibleTable4"><TBODY><TR><TH scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";padding-left:75px"><SPAN class="collapseButton">[<A id="collapseButton4" href="#">show</A>]</SPAN><DIV id="Multilateral_relations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><A href="/wiki/Multilateralism" title="Multilateralism">Multilateral</A> relations</DIV></TH></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Arab%E2%80%93American_relations" title="Arab–American relations">Arab League</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="United States–European Union relations">European Union</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Latin_America%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Latin America–United States relations">Latin America</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_and_the_United_Nations" title="United States and the United Nations">United Nations</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Third_Border_Initiative" title="Third Border Initiative">Third Border Initiative</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/International_organization_membership_of_the_United_States" title="International organization membership of the United States">International organizations</A></LI></UL>
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<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_Neutrality" title="Proclamation of Neutrality">Proclamation of Neutrality</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Monroe_Doctrine" title="Monroe Doctrine">Monroe</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Corollary" title="Roosevelt Corollary">Roosevelt Corollary</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Good_Neighbor_policy" title="Good Neighbor policy">Good Neighbor policy</A></LI>
<LI><A class="mw-selflink selflink">Truman</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eisenhower_Doctrine" title="Eisenhower Doctrine">Eisenhower</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kennedy_Doctrine" title="Kennedy Doctrine">Kennedy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Johnson_Doctrine" title="Johnson Doctrine">Johnson</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nixon_Doctrine" title="Nixon Doctrine">Nixon</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Carter_Doctrine" title="Carter Doctrine">Carter</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Reagan_Doctrine" title="Reagan Doctrine">Reagan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Clinton_Doctrine" title="Clinton Doctrine">Clinton</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bush_Doctrine" title="Bush Doctrine">Bush</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Obama_Doctrine" title="Obama Doctrine">Obama</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other doctrines</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Lodge_Corollary" title="Lodge Corollary">Lodge Corollary</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Stimson_Doctrine" title="Stimson Doctrine">Stimson</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kirkpatrick_Doctrine" title="Kirkpatrick Doctrine">Kirkpatrick</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Weinberger_Doctrine" title="Weinberger Doctrine">Weinberger</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Powell_Doctrine" title="Powell Doctrine">Powell</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rumsfeld_Doctrine" title="Rumsfeld Doctrine">Rumsfeld</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wolfowitz_Doctrine" title="Wolfowitz Doctrine">Wolfowitz</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Policies and<BR />concepts</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Blowback_(intelligence)" title="Blowback (intelligence)">Blowback</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Containment" title="Containment">Containment</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Domino_theory" title="Domino theory">Domino theory</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_non-interventionism" title="United States non-interventionism">Non-interventionism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Progressive_realism" title="Progressive realism">Progressive realism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rollback" title="Rollback">Rollback</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Special_Relationship" title="Special Relationship">Special Relationship</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Taiwan_Relations_Act" title="Taiwan Relations Act">Taiwan Relations Act</A> (<A href="/wiki/Taiwan_Travel_Act" title="Taiwan Travel Act">Taiwan Travel Act</A>)</LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><DIV></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><DIV></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV>
<DIV role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Greek_Civil_War" style="padding:3px"><TABLE class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit" id="collapsibleTable6"><TBODY><TR><TH scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><SPAN class="collapseButton">[<A id="collapseButton6" href="#">show</A>]</SPAN><DIV class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><UL><LI class="nv-view"><A href="/wiki/Template:Greek_Civil_War" title="Template:Greek Civil War"><ABBR title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">v</ABBR></A></LI><LI class="nv-talk"><A href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greek_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:Greek Civil War"><ABBR title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">t</ABBR></A></LI><LI class="nv-edit"><A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Greek_Civil_War&action=edit"><ABBR title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">e</ABBR></A></LI></UL></DIV><DIV id="Greek_Civil_War" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><A href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">Greek Civil War</A></DIV></TH></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Background</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/4th_of_August_Regime" title="4th of August Regime">4th of August Regime</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Axis_occupation_of_Greece" title="Axis occupation of Greece">Axis occupation of Greece</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greek_Resistance" title="Greek Resistance">Greek Resistance</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_(Greece)" title="National Liberation Front (Greece)">National Liberation Front</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greek_People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="Greek People's Liberation Army">Greek People's Liberation Army</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/National_Republican_Greek_League" title="National Republican Greek League">National Republican Greek League</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hellenic_State_(1941%E2%80%9344)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellenic State (1941–44)">Collaborationist governments</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Security_Battalions" title="Security Battalions">Security Battalions</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greek_government-in-exile" title="Greek government-in-exile">Greek government-in-exile</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Red_Terror" title="Red Terror">Red Terror</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lebanon_Conference" title="Lebanon Conference">Lebanon Conference</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Caserta_Agreement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caserta Agreement (page does not exist)">Caserta Agreement</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Dekemvriana" title="Dekemvriana">Dekemvriana</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Varkiza" title="Treaty of Varkiza">Treaty of Varkiza</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/White_Terror_(Greece)" title="White Terror (Greece)">White Terror</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greek_legislative_election,_1946" title="Greek legislative election, 1946">1946 general elections</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greek_referendum,_1946" title="Greek referendum, 1946">1946 monarchy referendum</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Litochoro_attack&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Litochoro attack (page does not exist)">Litochoro attack</A></LI>
<LI><A class="mw-selflink selflink">Truman Doctrine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Battle_of_Konitsa" title="Battle of Konitsa">Battle of Konitsa</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Thessaloniki_bombing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thessaloniki bombing (page does not exist)">Thessaloniki bombing</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Charavgi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Operation Charavgi (page does not exist)">Operation Charavgi</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Operation_Koronis" title="Operation Koronis">Operation Koronis</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Operation_Peristera" title="Operation Peristera">Operation Peristera</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Operation_Pyravlos" title="Operation Pyravlos">Operation Pyravlos</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tito%E2%80%93Stalin_split" class="mw-redirect" title="Tito–Stalin split">Tito–Stalin split</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Operation_Pyrsos" title="Operation Pyrsos">Operation Pyrsos</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Communists</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Greece" title="Communist Party of Greece">Communist Party of Greece</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_(Macedonia)" title="National Liberation Front (Macedonia)">National Liberation Front</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Provisional_Democratic_Government" title="Provisional Democratic Government">Provisional Democratic Government</A>
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Democratic_Army_of_Greece" title="Democratic Army of Greece">Democratic Army of Greece</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Popular_Civil_Guard" title="Popular Civil Guard">Popular Civil Guard</A></LI></UL></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nikos_Zachariadis" title="Nikos Zachariadis">Nikos Zachariadis</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Markos_Vafiadis" class="mw-redirect" title="Markos Vafiadis">Markos Vafiadis</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National Government</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/George_II_of_Greece" title="George II of Greece">George II of Greece</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Paul_of_Greece" title="Paul of Greece">Paul of Greece</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Archbishop_Damaskinos_of_Athens" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishop Damaskinos of Athens">Archbishop Damaskinos of Athens</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Themistoklis_Sofoulis" title="Themistoklis Sofoulis">Themistoklis Sofoulis</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Tsaldaris" title="Konstantinos Tsaldaris">Konstantinos Tsaldaris</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Alexandros_Papagos" title="Alexandros Papagos">Alexandros Papagos</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Ventiris" title="Konstantinos Ventiris">Konstantinos Ventiris</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Dimitrios_Giatzis" title="Dimitrios Giatzis">Dimitrios Giatzis</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Thrasyvoulos_Tsakalotos" title="Thrasyvoulos Tsakalotos">Thrasyvoulos Tsakalotos</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/James_Van_Fleet" title="James Van Fleet">James Van Fleet</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hellenic_Army" title="Hellenic Army">Hellenic Army</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Royal_Hellenic_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Hellenic Air Force">Royal Hellenic Air Force</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greek_Gendarmerie" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Gendarmerie">Greek Gendarmerie</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Rural_Security_Units&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rural Security Units (page does not exist)">Rural Security Units</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR><TR style="display: none;"><TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Impact and aftermath</TH><TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Refugees_of_the_Greek_Civil_War" title="Refugees of the Greek Civil War">Refugees of the Greek Civil War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Makronisos" title="Makronisos">Makronisos</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Sacred_Bond_of_Greek_Officers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sacred Bond of Greek Officers (page does not exist)">Sacred Bond of Greek Officers</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Centrist_Interlude&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centrist Interlude (page does not exist)">Centrist Interlude</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Greek_military_junta_of_1967%E2%80%9374" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek military junta of 1967–74">Greek military junta of 1967–74</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Metapolitefsi" title="Metapolitefsi">Metapolitefsi</A></LI></UL>
</DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV>

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					<LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar"><A href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A3_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مبدأ ترومان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az" style="display: none;"><A href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trumen_doktrinas%C4%B1" title="Trumen doktrinası – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be" style="display: none;"><A href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Дактрына Трумэна – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old" style="display: none;"><A href="https://be-x-old.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Дактрына Трумэна – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-x-old" hreflang="be-x-old" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg" style="display: none;"><A href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Доктрина Труман – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs" style="display: none;"><A href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trumanova_doktrina" title="Trumanova doktrina – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctrina_Truman" title="Doctrina Truman – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs" style="display: none;"><A href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trumanova_doktr%C3%ADna" title="Trumanova doktrína – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy" style="display: none;"><A href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athrawiaeth_Truman" title="Athrawiaeth Truman – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da" style="display: none;"><A href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trumandoktrinen" title="Trumandoktrinen – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de"><A href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truman-Doktrin" title="Truman-Doktrin – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et" style="display: none;"><A href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trumani_doktriin" title="Trumani doktriin – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el" style="display: none;"><A href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CF%8C%CE%B3%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CE%A4%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BD" title="Δόγμα Τρούμαν – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es"><A href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctrina_Truman" title="Doctrina Truman – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo" style="display: none;"><A href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truman-doktrino" title="Truman-doktrino – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu" style="display: none;"><A href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truman_doktrina" title="Truman doktrina – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa" style="display: none;"><A href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D9%86" title="دکترین ترومن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr"><A href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctrine_Truman" title="Doctrine Truman – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl" style="display: none;"><A href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doutrina_Truman" title="Doutrina Truman – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8A%B8%EB%A3%A8%EB%A8%BC_%EB%8F%85%ED%8A%B8%EB%A6%B0" title="트루먼 독트린 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy" style="display: none;"><A href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%AB_%D5%A4%D5%B8%D5%AF%D5%BF%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1" title="Թրումենի դոկտրինա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi"><A href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4" title="ट्रूमैन सिद्वान्त – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr" style="display: none;"><A href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trumanova_doktrina" title="Trumanova doktrina – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id"><A href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doktrin_Truman" title="Doktrin Truman – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is" style="display: none;"><A href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truman-kenningin" title="Truman-kenningin – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it" style="display: none;"><A href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dottrina_Truman" title="Dottrina Truman – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he" style="display: none;"><A href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%AA_%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%9F" title="דוקטרינת טרומן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ტრუმენის დოქტრინა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv" style="display: none;"><A href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trumena_doktr%C4%ABna" title="Trumena doktrīna – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt" style="display: none;"><A href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trumeno_doktrina" title="Trumeno doktrina – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu" style="display: none;"><A href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truman-doktr%C3%ADna" title="Truman-doktrína – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl" style="display: none;"><A href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trumandoctrine" title="Trumandoctrine – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%89%E3%82%AF%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3" title="トルーマン・ドクトリン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no" style="display: none;"><A href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truman-doktrinen" title="Truman-doktrinen – Norwegian" lang="no" hreflang="no" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl" style="display: none;"><A href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doktryna_Trumana" title="Doktryna Trumana – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt"><A href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doutrina_Truman" title="Doutrina Truman – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro" style="display: none;"><A href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctrina_Truman" title="Doctrina Truman – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru"><A href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Доктрина Трумэна – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple" style="display: none;"><A href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truman_Doctrine" title="Truman Doctrine – Simple English" lang="simple" hreflang="simple" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trumanova_doktr%C3%ADna" title="Trumanova doktrína – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trumanova_doktrina" title="Trumanova doktrina – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Труманова доктрина – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trumanova_doktrina" title="Trumanova doktrina – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi" style="display: none;"><A href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trumanin_oppi" title="Trumanin oppi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv" style="display: none;"><A href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trumandoktrinen" title="Trumandoktrinen – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl" style="display: none;"><A href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doktrinang_Truman" title="Doktrinang Truman – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th" style="display: none;"><A href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99" title="ลัทธิทรูแมน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr" style="display: none;"><A href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truman_Doktrini" title="Truman Doktrini – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk" style="display: none;"><A href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Доктрина Трумена – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi" style="display: none;"><A href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tri%E1%BA%BFt_h%E1%BB%8Dc_Truman" title="Triết học Truman – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh"><A href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E9%B2%81%E9%97%A8%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="杜鲁门主义 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</A></LI>				<BUTTON class="mw-interlanguage-selector mw-ui-button" title="All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)">42 more</BUTTON></UL>
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document_title: Truman Doctrine

token: Truman

token: Doctrine

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token: Jump

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token: US

token: President

token: Harry

token: The

token: was

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token: policy

token: whose

token: stated

token: purpose

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token: Cold

token: War

token: It

token: first

token: announced

token: Congress

token: by

token: S.

token: on

token: March

token: further

token: developed

token: July

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token: he

token: pledged

token: contain

token: threats

token: Greece

token: Turkey

token: Direct

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token: force

token: usually

token: not

token: involved

token: but

token: appropriated

token: financial

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token: support

token: economies

token: militaries

token: of

token: More

token: generally

token: implied

token: for

token: other

token: nations

token: allegedly

token: threatened

token: српскохрватски

question_text: what was the soviets response to the truman doctrine