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<H1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" lang="en">Hawaii</H1>			<DIV id="bodyContent" class="mw-body-content">
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				<DIV id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><DIV class="mw-parser-output"><DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <A href="/wiki/Hawaiki" title="Hawaiki">Hawaiki</A> or <A href="/wiki/Kawaii" title="Kawaii">Kawaii</A>.</DIV>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the U.S. state of Hawaii. For the island for which it is named, see <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_(island)" title="Hawaii (island)">Hawaii (island)</A>. For other uses, see <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Hawaii (disambiguation)">Hawaii (disambiguation)</A>.</DIV>
<P><SPAN style="font-size: small;"><SPAN id="coordinates"><A href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</A>: <SPAN class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><A class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Hawaii&params=21_18_41_N_157_47_47_W_type:adm1st_scale:3000000_region:US-HI"><SPAN class="geo-default"><SPAN class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><SPAN class="latitude">21°18′41″N</SPAN> <SPAN class="longitude">157°47′47″W</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class="geo-multi-punct"> / </SPAN><SPAN class="geo-nondefault"><SPAN class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">21.31139°N 157.79639°W</SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> / <SPAN class="geo">21.31139; -157.79639</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<TABLE class="infobox geography vcard" style="width:22em;width: 22em; font-size: 88%">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH colspan="2" class="fn org" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.2em; font-size: 1.2em; padding: 0.4em 0.8em 0.4em">State of Hawaii<BR />
<SMALL><I><SPAN lang="haw"><I>Moku<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>āina o Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</I></SPAN></I>  <SPAN class="languageicon" style="font-size:81%;font-weight:normal;">(<A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_language" title="Hawaiian language">Hawaiian</A>)</SPAN></SMALL></TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="2" class="maptable" style="text-align:center">
<TABLE style="align:center;text-align:center;background: none; width:100%;">
<TBODY><TR>
<TD style="width: 58%; vertical-align: middle; text-align:center;"><A href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Hawaii.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Hawaii"><IMG alt="Flag of Hawaii" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Hawaii.svg/125px-Flag_of_Hawaii.svg.png" width="125" height="63" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Hawaii.svg/188px-Flag_of_Hawaii.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Hawaii.svg/250px-Flag_of_Hawaii.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></A></TD>
<TD style="width: 42%; vertical-align: middle; text-align:center;"><A href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_State_of_Hawaii.svg" class="image" title="State seal of Hawaii"><IMG alt="State seal of Hawaii" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Seal_of_the_State_of_Hawaii.svg/85px-Seal_of_the_State_of_Hawaii.svg.png" width="85" height="85" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Seal_of_the_State_of_Hawaii.svg/128px-Seal_of_the_State_of_Hawaii.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Seal_of_the_State_of_Hawaii.svg/170px-Seal_of_the_State_of_Hawaii.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="650" /></A></TD>
</TR>
<TR style="font-size: 90%;">
<TD style="width:58%;text-align:center;"><A href="/wiki/Flag_of_Hawaii" title="Flag of Hawaii">Flag</A></TD>
<TD style="width:42%;text-align:center;"><A href="/wiki/Seal_of_Hawaii" title="Seal of Hawaii">Seal</A></TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_nicknames" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. state nicknames">Nickname(s)</A>: <SPAN class="nickname">The <A href="/wiki/Aloha" title="Aloha">Aloha</A> State (official), Paradise of the Pacific,<SUP id="cite_ref-The_Bookmark_Book_1-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-The_Bookmark_Book-1">[1]</A></SUP> The Islands of Aloha</SPAN></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_mottos" title="List of U.S. state and territory mottos">Motto(s)</A>: <A href="/wiki/Ua_Mau_ke_Ea_o_ka_%CA%BB%C4%80ina_i_ka_Pono" title="Ua Mau ke Ea o ka ʻĀina i ka Pono">Ua Mau ke Ea o ka ʻĀina i ka Pono</A><BR />
("The Life of the Land is Perpetuated in Righteousness")<SUP id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-2">[2]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_songs" title="List of U.S. state songs">State song(s)</A>: "<SPAN class="State anthem"><I><A href="/wiki/Hawai%CA%BBi_Pono%CA%BB%C4%AB" title="Hawaiʻi Ponoʻī">Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i Pono<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ī</A></I><BR />
(Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i's Own True Sons)<SUP id="cite_ref-State_Song_3-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-State_Song-3">[3]</A></SUP></SPAN>"</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="2" class="maptable" style="text-align:center">
<DIV class="center">
<DIV class="floatnone"><A href="/wiki/File:Hawaii_in_United_States_(zoom)_(US50)_(-grid).svg" class="image" title="Map of the United States with Hawaii highlighted"><IMG alt="Map of the United States with Hawaii highlighted" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Hawaii_in_United_States_%28zoom%29_%28US50%29_%28-grid%29.svg/250px-Hawaii_in_United_States_%28zoom%29_%28US50%29_%28-grid%29.svg.png" width="250" height="175" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Hawaii_in_United_States_%28zoom%29_%28US50%29_%28-grid%29.svg/375px-Hawaii_in_United_States_%28zoom%29_%28US50%29_%28-grid%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Hawaii_in_United_States_%28zoom%29_%28US50%29_%28-grid%29.svg/500px-Hawaii_in_United_States_%28zoom%29_%28US50%29_%28-grid%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2078" data-file-height="1457" /></A></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_United_States" title="Languages of the United States">Official language</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</A>, <A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_language" title="Hawaiian language">Hawaiian</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedrow">
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</A></TH>
<TD>Hawaiian<SUP id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-4">[a]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedtoprow">
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_the_United_States" title="List of capitals in the United States">Capital</A><BR />
<SPAN style="font-weight:normal;">(<A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states%27_largest_cities_by_population" title="List of U.S. states' largest cities by population">and largest city</A>)</SPAN></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedrow">
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/List_of_Metropolitan_Statistical_Areas" title="List of Metropolitan Statistical Areas">Largest metro</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Oahu" title="Oahu">Island of Oahu</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedtoprow">
<TH scope="row">Area</TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_area" title="List of U.S. states and territories by area">Ranked 43rd</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedrow">
<TH scope="row" style="font-weight:normal"> • Total</TH>
<TD>10,931 sq mi<BR />
(28,311 km<SUP>2</SUP>)</TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedrow">
<TH scope="row" style="font-weight:normal"> • Width</TH>
<TD>n/a miles (n/a km)</TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedrow">
<TH scope="row" style="font-weight:normal"> • Length</TH>
<TD>1,522 miles (2,450 km)</TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedrow">
<TH scope="row" style="font-weight:normal"> • % water</TH>
<TD>41.2</TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedrow">
<TH scope="row" style="font-weight:normal"> • Latitude</TH>
<TD>18° 55′ N to 28° 27′ N</TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedrow">
<TH scope="row" style="font-weight:normal"> • Longitude</TH>
<TD>154° 48′ W to 178° 22′ W</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display:none">
<TD colspan="2"></TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedtoprow">
<TH scope="row">Population</TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_population" title="List of U.S. states and territories by population">Ranked 40th</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedrow">
<TH scope="row" style="font-weight:normal"> • Total</TH>
<TD>1,428,557 (2016 est.)<SUP id="cite_ref-PopHousingEst_5-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-PopHousingEst-5">[4]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedrow">
<TH scope="row" style="font-weight:normal"> • <A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_population_density" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. states by population density">Density</A></TH>
<TD>214/sq mi  (82.6/km<SUP>2</SUP>)<BR />
<A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_population_density" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. states by population density">Ranked 13th</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedbottomrow">
<TH scope="row" style="font-weight:normal"> • <A href="/wiki/Household_income_in_the_United_States#Income_by_state" title="Household income in the United States">Median household income</A></TH>
<TD>$64,514<SUP id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-6">[5]</A></SUP> (12th)</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display:none">
<TD colspan="2"></TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedtoprow">
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_elevation" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. states by elevation">Elevation</A></TH>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedrow">
<TH scope="row" style="font-weight:normal"> • Highest point</TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Mauna_Kea" title="Mauna Kea">Mauna Kea</A><SUP id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-7">[6]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-USGS_8-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-USGS-8">[7]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-NAVD88_9-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-NAVD88-9">[8]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-10">[9]</A></SUP><BR />
13,796 ft (4205.0 m)</TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedrow">
<TH scope="row" style="font-weight:normal"> • Mean</TH>
<TD>3,030 ft  (920 m)</TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedbottomrow">
<TH scope="row" style="font-weight:normal"> • Lowest point</TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</A><SUP id="cite_ref-USGS_8-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-USGS-8">[7]</A></SUP><BR />
sea level</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display:none">
<TD colspan="2"></TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedtoprow">
<TH scope="row">Before statehood</TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Territory_of_Hawaii" title="Territory of Hawaii">Territory of Hawaii</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedbottomrow">
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/Admission_to_the_Union" title="Admission to the Union">Admission to Union</A></TH>
<TD>August 21, 1959 (50th)</TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedtoprow">
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/Governor_of_Hawaii" title="Governor of Hawaii">Governor</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/David_Ige" title="David Ige">David Ige</A> (<A href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</A>)</TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedrow">
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Hawaii" title="Lieutenant Governor of Hawaii">Lieutenant Governor</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Shan_Tsutsui" title="Shan Tsutsui">Shan Tsutsui</A> (<A href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</A>)</TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedtoprow">
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">Legislature</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_State_Legislature" title="Hawaii State Legislature">State Legislature</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedrow">
<TH scope="row" style="font-weight:normal"> • <A href="/wiki/Upper_house" title="Upper house">Upper house</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_Senate" title="Hawaii Senate">Senate</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedrow">
<TH scope="row" style="font-weight:normal"> • <A href="/wiki/Lower_house" title="Lower house">Lower house</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_House_of_Representatives" title="Hawaii House of Representatives">House of Representatives</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display:none">
<TD colspan="2"></TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedtoprow">
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Senators_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States Senators from Hawaii">U.S. Senators</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Brian_Schatz" title="Brian Schatz">Brian Schatz</A> (<A href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</A>)<BR />
<A href="/wiki/Mazie_Hirono" title="Mazie Hirono">Mazie Hirono</A> (<A href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</A>)</TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedbottomrow">
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House delegation</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Hawaii%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Hawaii's 1st congressional district">1</A>: <A href="/wiki/Colleen_Hanabusa" title="Colleen Hanabusa">Colleen Hanabusa</A> (<A href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</A>)<BR />
<A href="/wiki/Hawaii%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Hawaii's 2nd congressional district">2</A>: <A href="/wiki/Tulsi_Gabbard" title="Tulsi Gabbard">Tulsi Gabbard</A> (D) (<A href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Hawaii" title="United States congressional delegations from Hawaii">list</A>)</TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedtoprow">
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/List_of_time_offsets_by_U.S._state" title="List of time offsets by U.S. state">Time zone</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Hawaii-Aleutian_Time_Zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaii-Aleutian Time Zone">Hawaii</A>: <A href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</A> <A href="/wiki/Hawaii-Aleutian_Standard_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaii-Aleutian Standard Time">−10</A><BR />
(no <A href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</A>)</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:US" title="ISO 3166-2:US">US-HI</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row">Abbreviations</TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_abbreviations#Postal_codes" title="List of U.S. state abbreviations">HI</A>, <A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_abbreviations#Current_use_of_traditional_abbreviations" title="List of U.S. state abbreviations">H.I.</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR class="mergedtoprow">
<TH scope="row">Website</TH>
<TD><SPAN class="url"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hawaii.gov">www<WBR />.hawaii<WBR />.gov</A></SPAN></TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE class="infobox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:22em">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;font-size:85%; white-space:nowrap;"><SPAN class="mw-collapsible-toggle mw-collapsible-toggle-collapsed" role="button" tabindex="0"><SPAN>[</SPAN><A class="mw-collapsible-text">show</A><SPAN>]</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="font-size:120%;"><A href="/wiki/List_of_Hawaii_state_symbols" title="List of Hawaii state symbols">Hawaii state symbols</A></SPAN></TH>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="2" class="maptable" style="text-align:center"><A href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Hawaii.svg" class="image"><IMG alt="Flag of Hawaii.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Hawaii.svg/250px-Flag_of_Hawaii.svg.png" width="250" height="125" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Hawaii.svg/375px-Flag_of_Hawaii.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Hawaii.svg/500px-Flag_of_Hawaii.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></A>
<DIV>The <A href="/wiki/Flag_of_Hawaii" title="Flag of Hawaii">Flag of Hawaii</A></DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="2" class="maptable" style="text-align:center"><A href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_State_of_Hawaii.svg" class="image"><IMG alt="Seal of the State of Hawaii.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Seal_of_the_State_of_Hawaii.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_State_of_Hawaii.svg.png" width="150" height="150" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Seal_of_the_State_of_Hawaii.svg/225px-Seal_of_the_State_of_Hawaii.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Seal_of_the_State_of_Hawaii.svg/300px-Seal_of_the_State_of_Hawaii.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="650" /></A>
<DIV>The <A href="/wiki/Seal_of_Hawaii" title="Seal of Hawaii">Seal of Hawaii</A></DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-top:#aaa 1px solid">Living insignia</TH>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_birds" title="List of U.S. state birds">Bird</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Nene_(bird)" title="Nene (bird)">Nene</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_fish" title="List of U.S. state fish">Fish</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Reef_triggerfish" title="Reef triggerfish">Humuhumunukunukuāpuaʻa</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_flowers" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. state flowers">Flower</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_hibiscus" title="Hawaiian hibiscus">Pua aloalo</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_insects" title="List of U.S. state insects">Insect</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Kamehameha_butterfly" title="Kamehameha butterfly">Pulelehua</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_trees" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. state trees">Tree</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Candlenut" class="mw-redirect" title="Candlenut">Kukui tree</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-top:#aaa 1px solid">Inanimate insignia</TH>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_dances" title="List of U.S. state dances">Dance</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Hula" title="Hula">Hula</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_foods" title="List of U.S. state foods">Food</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Taro" title="Taro">Kalo (taro)</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_minerals,_rocks,_stones_and_gemstones" title="List of U.S. state minerals, rocks, stones and gemstones">Gemstone</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Black_coral" title="Black coral">ʻĒkaha kū moana (black coral)</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row"><A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_songs" title="List of U.S. state songs">Song</A></TH>
<TD>"<A href="/wiki/Hawai%CA%BBi_Pono%CA%BBi" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaiʻi Ponoʻi">Hawaiʻi Ponoʻi</A>"</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row">Other</TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Surfing" title="Surfing">Heʻe nalu (surfing)</A> (state individual sport)</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-top:#aaa 1px solid"><A href="/wiki/Numbered_highways_in_the_United_States#State_highways" title="Numbered highways in the United States">State route marker</A></TH>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><A href="/wiki/File:HI-11.svg" class="image" title="Hawaii state route marker"><IMG alt="Hawaii state route marker" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/HI-11.svg/85px-HI-11.svg.png" width="85" height="85" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/HI-11.svg/128px-HI-11.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/HI-11.svg/170px-HI-11.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></A></TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-top:#aaa 1px solid"><A href="/wiki/50_State_Quarters" title="50 State Quarters">State quarter</A></TH>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><A href="/wiki/File:2008_HI_Proof.png" class="image" title="Hawaii quarter dollar coin"><IMG alt="Hawaii quarter dollar coin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/2008_HI_Proof.png/85px-2008_HI_Proof.png" width="85" height="85" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/2008_HI_Proof.png/127px-2008_HI_Proof.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/2008_HI_Proof.png/169px-2008_HI_Proof.png 2x" data-file-width="1064" data-file-height="1069" /></A>
<DIV>Released in 2008</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-top:#aaa 1px solid"><A href="/wiki/Lists_of_United_States_state_symbols" title="Lists of United States state symbols">Lists of United States state symbols</A></TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
<P><B>Hawaii</B> (<SPAN class="nowrap"><SMALL>English:</SMALL> <SPAN class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt"><A href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<SPAN style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><SPAN title="'h' in 'hi'">h</SPAN><SPAN title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</SPAN><SPAN title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</SPAN><SPAN title="'w' in 'wind'">w</SPAN><SPAN title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</SPAN><SPAN title="/./: syllable break">.</SPAN><SPAN title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</SPAN></SPAN>, -<SPAN style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><SPAN title="/j/: 'y' in 'yes'">j</SPAN><SPAN title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</SPAN></SPAN>, -<SPAN style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><SPAN title="/ʔ/: the catch in 'uh-oh'">ʔ</SPAN><SPAN title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</SPAN></SPAN>/</A></SPAN><SMALL class="nowrap"> (<SPAN class="unicode haudio"><SPAN class="fn"><SPAN style="white-space:nowrap"><A href="/wiki/File:En-us-Hawaii.ogg" title="About this sound"><IMG alt="About this sound" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png" width="11" height="11" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/17px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/22px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></A> </SPAN><A href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/En-us-Hawaii.ogg" class="internal" title="En-us-Hawaii.ogg">listen</A></SPAN></SPAN>)</SMALL></SPAN> <A href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><I title="English pronunciation respelling">hə-<SPAN style="font-size:90%">WY</SPAN>-(y)ee</I></A>; <A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_language" title="Hawaiian language">Hawaiian</A>: <I><SPAN lang="haw"><B>Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</B></SPAN></I> <SPAN title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA"><A href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hawaiian" title="Help:IPA/Hawaiian">[həˈvɐjʔi]</A></SPAN>) is the 50th and most recent <A href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">state</A> to have joined the <A href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States of America</A>, having received statehood on August 21, 1959.<SUP id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-11">[10]</A></SUP> Hawaii is the only U.S. state located in <A href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceania</A> and the only one composed entirely of islands. It is the northernmost island group in <A href="/wiki/Polynesia" title="Polynesia">Polynesia</A>, occupying most of an <A href="/wiki/Archipelago" title="Archipelago">archipelago</A> in the central <A href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-boehonbcn_12-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-boehonbcn-12">[11]</A></SUP> Hawaii is the only U.S. state located outside <A href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</A>.</P>
<P>The state encompasses nearly the entire volcanic <A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Islands" title="Hawaiian Islands">Hawaiian archipelago</A>, which comprises hundreds of islands spread over 1,500 miles (2,400 km). At the southeastern end of the archipelago, the eight main islands are—in order from northwest to southeast: <A href="/wiki/Niihau" title="Niihau">Ni<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ihau</A>, <A href="/wiki/Kauai" title="Kauai">Kaua<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A>, <A href="/wiki/Oahu" title="Oahu">O<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ahu</A>, <A href="/wiki/Molokai" title="Molokai">Moloka<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A>, <A href="/wiki/Lanai" title="Lanai">Lāna<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A>, <A href="/wiki/Kahoolawe" title="Kahoolawe">Kaho<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>olawe</A>, <A href="/wiki/Maui" title="Maui">Maui</A>, and the <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_(island)" title="Hawaii (island)">Island of Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A>. The last is the largest island in the group; it is often called the "Big Island" or "Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i Island" to avoid confusion with the state or archipelago. The archipelago is physiographically and ethnologically part of the Polynesian subregion of Oceania.</P>
<P>Hawaii's diverse natural scenery, warm tropical climate, abundance of public beaches, oceanic surroundings, and active volcanoes make it a popular destination for tourists, surfers, biologists, and volcanologists. Because of its central location in the Pacific and 19th-century labor migration, Hawaii's culture is strongly influenced by North American and Asian cultures, in addition to its <A href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiians" title="Native Hawaiians">indigenous Hawaiian</A> culture. Hawaii has over a million permanent residents, along with many visitors and U.S. military personnel. Its capital is <A href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu</A> on the island of O<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ahu.</P>
<P>Hawaii is the <A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_area" title="List of U.S. states and territories by area">8th-smallest</A> and the <A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_population" title="List of U.S. states and territories by population">11th-least populous</A>, but the <A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_population_density" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. states by population density">13th-most densely populated</A> of the 50 U.S. states. It is the only state with an <A href="/wiki/Asian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian American">Asian</A> <A href="/wiki/Plurality_(voting)" title="Plurality (voting)">plurality</A>. The state's coastline is about 750 miles (1,210 km) long, the <A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_coastline" title="List of U.S. states by coastline">fourth longest in the U.S.</A> after the coastlines of <A href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</A>, <A href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</A>, and <A href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</A>.</P>
<DIV class="toclimit-3">
<DIV id="toc" class="toc">
<DIV class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr">
<H2>Contents</H2>
<SPAN class="toctoggle"> [<A role="button" tabindex="0" class="togglelink">hide</A>] </SPAN></DIV>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><A href="#Etymology"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Etymology</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><A href="#Spelling_of_state_name"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Spelling of state name</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><A href="#Geography_and_environment"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Geography and environment</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><A href="#Topography"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Topography</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><A href="#Geology"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Geology</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><A href="#Flora_and_fauna"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2.3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Flora and fauna</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><A href="#Protected_areas"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2.4</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Protected areas</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><A href="#Climate"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2.5</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Climate</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><A href="#History"><SPAN class="tocnumber">3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">History</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><A href="#First_human_settlement_–_Ancient_Hawaiʻi_(800–1778)"><SPAN class="tocnumber">3.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">First human settlement – Ancient Hawai<SPAN>ʻ</SPAN>i (800–1778)</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><A href="#European_arrival"><SPAN class="tocnumber">3.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">European arrival</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><A href="#Kingdom_of_Hawaiʻi"><SPAN class="tocnumber">3.3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Kingdom of Hawai<SPAN>ʻ</SPAN>i</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-3 tocsection-13"><A href="#House_of_Kamehameha"><SPAN class="tocnumber">3.3.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">House of Kamehameha</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-3 tocsection-14"><A href="#1887_Constitution_and_overthrow_preparations"><SPAN class="tocnumber">3.3.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">1887 Constitution and overthrow preparations</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><A href="#Overthrow_of_1893_–_the_Republic_of_Hawaii_(1894–1898)"><SPAN class="tocnumber">3.4</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Overthrow of 1893 – the Republic of Hawaii (1894–1898)</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><A href="#Annexation_–_the_Territory_of_Hawaii_(1898–1959)"><SPAN class="tocnumber">3.5</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Annexation – the Territory of Hawaii (1898–1959)</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><A href="#Political_changes_of_1954_–_the_State_of_Hawaii_(1959–present)"><SPAN class="tocnumber">3.6</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Political changes of 1954 – the State of Hawaii (1959–present)</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><A href="#Demographics"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Demographics</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19"><A href="#Population"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Population</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-20"><A href="#Ancestry"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Ancestry</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-21"><A href="#Languages"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4.3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Languages</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-3 tocsection-22"><A href="#Hawaiian"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4.3.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Hawaiian</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-3 tocsection-23"><A href="#Hawaiian_Pidgin"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4.3.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Hawaiian Pidgin</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-24"><A href="#Religion"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4.4</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Religion</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-25"><A href="#Birth_data"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4.5</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Birth data</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-26"><A href="#LGBT"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4.6</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">LGBT</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-27"><A href="#Economy"><SPAN class="tocnumber">5</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Economy</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-28"><A href="#Taxation"><SPAN class="tocnumber">5.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Taxation</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-29"><A href="#Cost_of_living"><SPAN class="tocnumber">5.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Cost of living</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-30"><A href="#Culture"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Culture</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-31"><A href="#Cuisine"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Cuisine</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-32"><A href="#Customs_and_etiquette"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Customs and etiquette</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-33"><A href="#Hawaiian_mythology"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6.3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Hawaiian mythology</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-34"><A href="#Polynesian_mythology"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6.4</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Polynesian mythology</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-35"><A href="#List_of_state_parks"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6.5</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">List of state parks</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-36"><A href="#Literature"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6.6</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Literature</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-37"><A href="#Music"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6.7</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Music</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-38"><A href="#Sports"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6.8</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Sports</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-39"><A href="#Tourism"><SPAN class="tocnumber">7</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Tourism</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-40"><A href="#Health"><SPAN class="tocnumber">8</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Health</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-41"><A href="#Education"><SPAN class="tocnumber">9</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Education</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-42"><A href="#Public_schools"><SPAN class="tocnumber">9.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Public schools</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-43"><A href="#Private_schools"><SPAN class="tocnumber">9.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Private schools</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-44"><A href="#Colleges_and_universities"><SPAN class="tocnumber">9.3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Colleges and universities</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-45"><A href="#Pūnana_Leo"><SPAN class="tocnumber">9.4</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Pūnana Leo</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-46"><A href="#Transportation"><SPAN class="tocnumber">10</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Transportation</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-47"><A href="#Rail"><SPAN class="tocnumber">10.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Rail</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-48"><A href="#Governance"><SPAN class="tocnumber">11</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Governance</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-49"><A href="#Political_subdivisions_and_local_government"><SPAN class="tocnumber">11.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Political subdivisions and local government</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-50"><A href="#State_government"><SPAN class="tocnumber">11.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">State government</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-51"><A href="#Federal_government"><SPAN class="tocnumber">11.3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Federal government</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-52"><A href="#Politics"><SPAN class="tocnumber">11.4</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Politics</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-53"><A href="#Legal_status_of_Hawaii"><SPAN class="tocnumber">12</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Legal status of Hawaii</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-54"><A href="#Hawaiian_sovereignty_movement"><SPAN class="tocnumber">12.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Hawaiian sovereignty movement</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-55"><A href="#Gallery_of_satellite_views_and_landmarks"><SPAN class="tocnumber">13</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Gallery of satellite views and landmarks</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-56"><A href="#See_also"><SPAN class="tocnumber">14</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">See also</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-57"><A href="#References"><SPAN class="tocnumber">15</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">References</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-58"><A href="#Notes"><SPAN class="tocnumber">15.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Notes</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-59"><A href="#Bibliography"><SPAN class="tocnumber">16</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Bibliography</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-60"><A href="#External_links"><SPAN class="tocnumber">17</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">External links</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV style="clear:both;"></DIV>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Etymology">Etymology</SPAN></H2>
<P>The state of Hawaii derives its name from the name of its largest island, <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_(island)" title="Hawaii (island)">Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A>. A common Hawaiian explanation of the name of Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i is that was named for <A href="/wiki/Hawaiiloa" title="Hawaiiloa">Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>iloa</A>, a legendary figure from Hawaiian myth. He is said to have discovered the islands when they were first settled.<SUP id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-13">[12]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-14">[13]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The <A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_language" title="Hawaiian language">Hawaiian language</A> word <I>Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</I> is very similar to <A href="/wiki/Proto-Polynesian_language" title="Proto-Polynesian language">Proto-Polynesian</A> *<I>Sawaiki</I>, with the <A href="/wiki/Internal_reconstruction" title="Internal reconstruction">reconstructed</A> meaning "homeland".<SUP id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-15">[14]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Cognate" title="Cognate">Cognates</A> of <I>Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</I> are found in other Polynesian languages, including <A href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_language" title="Māori language">Māori</A> (<I><A href="/wiki/Hawaiki" title="Hawaiki">Hawaiki</A></I>), <A href="/wiki/Cook_Islands_Maori" class="mw-redirect" title="Cook Islands Maori">Rarotongan</A> (<I>ʻAvaiki</I>) and <A href="/wiki/Samoan_language" title="Samoan language">Samoan</A> (<I><A href="/wiki/Savai%27i" title="Savai'i">Savai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A></I>) . According to linguists Pukui and Elbert,<SUP id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-16">[15]</A></SUP> "[e]lsewhere in Polynesia, Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i or a cognate is the name of the underworld or of the ancestral home, but in Hawaii, the name has no meaning".<SUP id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-17">[16]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Spelling_of_state_name">Spelling of state name</SPAN></H3>
<P>A somewhat divisive political issue arose in 1978 when the Constitution of the State of Hawaii added Hawaiian as a second official state language.<SUP id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-18">[17]</A></SUP> The title of the state constitution is <I>The Constitution of the State of Hawaii</I>. Article<SPAN class="nowrap"> </SPAN>XV, Section<SPAN class="nowrap"> </SPAN>1 of the Constitution uses <I>The State of Hawaii</I>.<SUP id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-19">[18]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Diacritic" title="Diacritic">Diacritics</A> were not used because the document, drafted in 1949,<SUP id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-20">[19]</A></SUP> predates the use of the <A href="/wiki/%CA%BBOkina" title="ʻOkina">okina</A> (<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>) and the <A href="/wiki/Macron_(diacritic)" title="Macron (diacritic)">kahakō</A> in modern Hawaiian orthography. The exact spelling of the state's name in the Hawaiian language is <I>Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</I>.<SUP id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-21">[b]</A></SUP> In the <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_Admission_Act" title="Hawaii Admission Act">Hawaii Admission Act</A> that granted Hawaiian statehood, the federal government recognized <I>Hawaii</I> as the official state name. Official government publications, department and office titles, and the <A href="/wiki/Seal_of_Hawaii" title="Seal of Hawaii">Seal of Hawaii</A> use the traditional spelling with no symbols for glottal stops or vowel length.<SUP id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-22">[20]</A></SUP> In contrast, the National and State Parks Services, the University of Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i and some private enterprises implement these symbols. No precedent for changes to U.S. state names exists since the adoption of the <A href="/wiki/United_States_Constitution" title="United States Constitution">United States Constitution</A> in 1789. However, the <A href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Massachusetts" title="Constitution of Massachusetts">Constitution of Massachusetts</A> formally changed the <I>Province of Massachusetts Bay</I> to the <A href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Commonwealth of Massachusetts">Commonwealth of Massachusetts</A> in 1780, and in 1819, the <A href="/wiki/Territory_of_Arkansaw" class="mw-redirect" title="Territory of Arkansaw">Territory of Arkansaw</A> was created but was later admitted to statehood as the <A href="/wiki/State_of_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="State of Arkansas">State of Arkansas</A>.</P>
<DIV style="clear:both;"></DIV>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Geography_and_environment"><SPAN id="Geography"></SPAN>Geography and environment</SPAN></H2>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Islands" title="Hawaiian Islands">Hawaiian Islands</A></DIV>
<P>There are eight main Hawaiian islands, seven of which are permanently inhabited. The island of Ni<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ihau is privately managed by brothers Bruce and <A href="/wiki/Keith_Robinson_(environmentalist)" title="Keith Robinson (environmentalist)">Keith Robinson</A>; access is restricted to those who have permission from the island's owners. Access to uninhabited <A href="/wiki/Kaho%CA%BBolawe" class="mw-redirect" title="Kahoʻolawe">Kahoʻolawe</A> island is also restricted.</P>
<UL class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional">
<LI class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px">
<DIV style="width: 155px">
<DIV class="thumb" style="width: 150px;">
<DIV style="margin:35px auto;"><A href="/wiki/File:ISS-38_Hawaiian_Island_chain.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ISS-38_Hawaiian_Island_chain.jpg/120px-ISS-38_Hawaiian_Island_chain.jpg" width="120" height="80" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ISS-38_Hawaiian_Island_chain.jpg/180px-ISS-38_Hawaiian_Island_chain.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ISS-38_Hawaiian_Island_chain.jpg/240px-ISS-38_Hawaiian_Island_chain.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></A></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="gallerytext">
<P>Hawaii from space, January 26, 2014<SUP id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-23">[21]</A></SUP></P>
</DIV>
</DIV>
</LI>
<LI class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px">
<DIV style="width: 155px">
<DIV class="thumb" style="width: 150px;">
<DIV style="margin:35px auto;"><A href="/wiki/File:Na_Pali_Coast,_Kauai,_Hawaii.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Na_Pali_Coast%2C_Kauai%2C_Hawaii.jpg/120px-Na_Pali_Coast%2C_Kauai%2C_Hawaii.jpg" width="120" height="80" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Na_Pali_Coast%2C_Kauai%2C_Hawaii.jpg/180px-Na_Pali_Coast%2C_Kauai%2C_Hawaii.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Na_Pali_Coast%2C_Kauai%2C_Hawaii.jpg/240px-Na_Pali_Coast%2C_Kauai%2C_Hawaii.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1761" data-file-height="1173" /></A></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="gallerytext">
<P><A href="/wiki/N%C4%81_Pali_Coast_State_Park" title="Nā Pali Coast State Park">Nā Pali Coast State Park</A>, Kauaʻi</P>
</DIV>
</DIV>
</LI>
<LI class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px">
<DIV style="width: 155px">
<DIV class="thumb" style="width: 150px;">
<DIV style="margin:32px auto;"><A href="/wiki/File:Hawaii_State_Map.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Hawaii_State_Map.jpg/120px-Hawaii_State_Map.jpg" width="120" height="86" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Hawaii_State_Map.jpg/180px-Hawaii_State_Map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Hawaii_State_Map.jpg/240px-Hawaii_State_Map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1750" data-file-height="1250" /></A></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="gallerytext">
<P>The main islands and undersea terrain of Hawaii</P>
</DIV>
</DIV>
</LI>
<LI class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px">
<DIV style="width: 155px">
<DIV class="thumb" style="width: 150px;">
<DIV style="margin:32px auto;"><A href="/wiki/File:Hawaii_islands.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Hawaii_islands.jpg/120px-Hawaii_islands.jpg" width="120" height="86" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Hawaii_islands.jpg/180px-Hawaii_islands.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Hawaii_islands.jpg/240px-Hawaii_islands.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="323" /></A></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="gallerytext">
<P>The main islands</P>
</DIV>
</DIV>
</LI>
<LI class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px">
<DIV style="width: 155px">
<DIV class="thumb" style="width: 150px;">
<DIV style="margin:44.5px auto;"><A href="/wiki/File:Hawaiianislandchain_USGS.png" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Hawaiianislandchain_USGS.png/120px-Hawaiianislandchain_USGS.png" width="120" height="61" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Hawaiianislandchain_USGS.png/180px-Hawaiianislandchain_USGS.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Hawaiianislandchain_USGS.png/240px-Hawaiianislandchain_USGS.png 2x" data-file-width="569" data-file-height="289" /></A></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="gallerytext">
<P>The Hawaiian archipelago: main islands, the <A href="/wiki/Northwest_Hawaiian_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Northwest Hawaiian Islands">Northwest Hawaiian Islands</A>, and <A href="/wiki/Midway_Atoll" title="Midway Atoll">Midway Atoll</A></P>
</DIV>
</DIV>
</LI>
</UL>
<CENTER>
<TABLE class="wikitable sortable jquery-tablesorter">
<THEAD><TR>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Island</TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Nickname</TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Area</TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Population<BR />
(as of 2010)</TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Density</TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Highest point</TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Elevation</TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Age (<A href="/wiki/Megaannum" class="mw-redirect" title="Megaannum">Ma</A>)<SUP id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-24">[22]</A></SUP></TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Location</TH>
</TR></THEAD><TBODY>
<TR>
<TD><B><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_(island)" title="Hawaii (island)">Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A></B><SUP id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-25">[23]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD>The Big Island</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;"><SPAN style="display:none">1</SPAN> 4,028.0 sq mi (10,432.5 km<SUP>2</SUP>)</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;">185,079</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;"><SPAN style="display:none">4</SPAN> 45.948/sq mi (17.7407/km<SUP>2</SUP>)</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Mauna_Kea" title="Mauna Kea">Mauna Kea</A></TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;"><SPAN style="display:none">1</SPAN> 13,796 ft (4,205 m)</TD>
<TD>0.4</TD>
<TD><SPAN class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><A class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Hawaii&params=19_34_N_155_30_W_type:isle&title=Hawaii"><SPAN class="geo-default"><SPAN class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><SPAN class="latitude">19°34′N</SPAN> <SPAN class="longitude">155°30′W</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class="geo-multi-punct"> / </SPAN><SPAN class="geo-nondefault"><SPAN class="vcard"><SPAN class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">19.567°N 155.500°W</SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> / <SPAN class="geo">19.567; -155.500</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> (<SPAN class="fn org">Hawaii</SPAN>)</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><B><A href="/wiki/Maui" title="Maui">Maui</A></B><SUP id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-26">[24]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD>The Valley Isle</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;"><SPAN style="display:none">2</SPAN> 727.2 sq mi (1,883.4 km<SUP>2</SUP>)</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;">144,444</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;"><SPAN style="display:none">2</SPAN> 198.630/sq mi (76.692/km<SUP>2</SUP>)</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Haleakal%C4%81" title="Haleakalā">Haleakalā</A></TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;"><SPAN style="display:none">2</SPAN> 10,023 ft (3,055 m)</TD>
<TD>1.3–0.8</TD>
<TD><SPAN class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><A class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Hawaii&params=20_48_N_156_20_W_type:isle&title=Maui"><SPAN class="geo-default"><SPAN class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><SPAN class="latitude">20°48′N</SPAN> <SPAN class="longitude">156°20′W</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class="geo-multi-punct"> / </SPAN><SPAN class="geo-nondefault"><SPAN class="vcard"><SPAN class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">20.800°N 156.333°W</SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> / <SPAN class="geo">20.800; -156.333</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> (<SPAN class="fn org">Maui</SPAN>)</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><B><A href="/wiki/Oahu" title="Oahu">O<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ahu</A></B><SUP id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-27">[25]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD>The Gathering Place</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;"><SPAN style="display:none">3</SPAN> 596.7 sq mi (1,545.4 km<SUP>2</SUP>)</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;">953,207</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;"><SPAN style="display:none">1</SPAN> 1,597.46/sq mi (616.78/km<SUP>2</SUP>)</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Ka%CA%BBala" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaʻala">Mount Ka<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ala</A></TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;"><SPAN style="display:none">5</SPAN> 4,003 ft (1,220 m)</TD>
<TD>3.7–2.6</TD>
<TD><SPAN class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><A class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Hawaii&params=21_28_N_157_59_W_type:isle&title=Oahu"><SPAN class="geo-default"><SPAN class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><SPAN class="latitude">21°28′N</SPAN> <SPAN class="longitude">157°59′W</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class="geo-multi-punct"> / </SPAN><SPAN class="geo-nondefault"><SPAN class="vcard"><SPAN class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">21.467°N 157.983°W</SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> / <SPAN class="geo">21.467; -157.983</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> (<SPAN class="fn org">Oahu</SPAN>)</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><B><A href="/wiki/Kauai" title="Kauai">Kaua<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A></B><SUP id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-28">[26]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD>The Garden Isle</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;"><SPAN style="display:none">4</SPAN> 552.3 sq mi (1,430.5 km<SUP>2</SUP>)</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;">66,921</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;"><SPAN style="display:none">3</SPAN> 121.168/sq mi (46.783/km<SUP>2</SUP>)</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Kawaikini" title="Kawaikini">Kawaikini</A></TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;"><SPAN style="display:none">3</SPAN> 5,243 ft (1,598 m)</TD>
<TD>5.1</TD>
<TD><SPAN class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><A class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Hawaii&params=22_05_N_159_30_W_type:isle&title=Kauai"><SPAN class="geo-default"><SPAN class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><SPAN class="latitude">22°05′N</SPAN> <SPAN class="longitude">159°30′W</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class="geo-multi-punct"> / </SPAN><SPAN class="geo-nondefault"><SPAN class="vcard"><SPAN class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">22.083°N 159.500°W</SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> / <SPAN class="geo">22.083; -159.500</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> (<SPAN class="fn org">Kauai</SPAN>)</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><B><A href="/wiki/Molokai" title="Molokai">Moloka<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A></B><SUP id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-29">[27]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD>The Friendly Isle</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;"><SPAN style="display:none">5</SPAN> 260.0 sq mi (673.4 km<SUP>2</SUP>)</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;">7,345</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;"><SPAN style="display:none">5</SPAN> 28.250/sq mi (10.9074/km<SUP>2</SUP>)</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Kamakou" title="Kamakou">Kamakou</A></TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;"><SPAN style="display:none">4</SPAN> 4,961 ft (1,512 m)</TD>
<TD>1.9–1.8</TD>
<TD><SPAN class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><A class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Hawaii&params=21_08_N_157_02_W_type:isle&title=Molokai"><SPAN class="geo-default"><SPAN class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><SPAN class="latitude">21°08′N</SPAN> <SPAN class="longitude">157°02′W</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class="geo-multi-punct"> / </SPAN><SPAN class="geo-nondefault"><SPAN class="vcard"><SPAN class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">21.133°N 157.033°W</SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> / <SPAN class="geo">21.133; -157.033</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> (<SPAN class="fn org">Molokai</SPAN>)</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><B><A href="/wiki/Lanai" title="Lanai">Lāna<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A></B><SUP id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-30">[28]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD>The Pineapple Isle</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;"><SPAN style="display:none">6</SPAN> 140.5 sq mi (363.9 km<SUP>2</SUP>)</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;">3,135</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;"><SPAN style="display:none">6</SPAN> 22.313/sq mi (8.615/km<SUP>2</SUP>)</TD>
<TD>Lāna<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ihale</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;"><SPAN style="display:none">6</SPAN> 3,366 ft (1,026 m)</TD>
<TD>1.3</TD>
<TD><SPAN class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><A class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Hawaii&params=20_50_N_156_56_W_type:isle&title=Lanai"><SPAN class="geo-default"><SPAN class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><SPAN class="latitude">20°50′N</SPAN> <SPAN class="longitude">156°56′W</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class="geo-multi-punct"> / </SPAN><SPAN class="geo-nondefault"><SPAN class="vcard"><SPAN class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">20.833°N 156.933°W</SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> / <SPAN class="geo">20.833; -156.933</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> (<SPAN class="fn org">Lanai</SPAN>)</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><B><A href="/wiki/Niihau" title="Niihau">Ni<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ihau</A></B><SUP id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-31">[29]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD>The Forbidden Isle</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;"><SPAN style="display:none">7</SPAN> 69.5 sq mi (180.0 km<SUP>2</SUP>)</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;">170</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;"><SPAN style="display:none">7</SPAN> 2.45/sq mi (0.944/km<SUP>2</SUP>)</TD>
<TD>Mount Pānī<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>au</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;"><SPAN style="display:none">8</SPAN> 1,250 ft (381 m)</TD>
<TD>4.9</TD>
<TD><SPAN class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><A class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Hawaii&params=21_54_N_160_10_W_type:isle&title=Niihau"><SPAN class="geo-default"><SPAN class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><SPAN class="latitude">21°54′N</SPAN> <SPAN class="longitude">160°10′W</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class="geo-multi-punct"> / </SPAN><SPAN class="geo-nondefault"><SPAN class="vcard"><SPAN class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">21.900°N 160.167°W</SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> / <SPAN class="geo">21.900; -160.167</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> (<SPAN class="fn org">Niihau</SPAN>)</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><B><A href="/wiki/Kahoolawe" title="Kahoolawe">Kaho<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>olawe</A></B><SUP id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-32">[30]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD>The Target Isle</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;"><SPAN style="display:none">8</SPAN> 44.6 sq mi (115.5 km<SUP>2</SUP>)</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;">0</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;"><SPAN style="display:none">8</SPAN> 0</TD>
<TD>Pu<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>u Moaulanui</TD>
<TD style="text-align:right;"><SPAN style="display:none">7</SPAN> 1,483 ft (452 m)</TD>
<TD>1.0</TD>
<TD><SPAN class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><A class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Hawaii&params=20_33_N_156_36_W_type:isle&title=Kahoolawe"><SPAN class="geo-default"><SPAN class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><SPAN class="latitude">20°33′N</SPAN> <SPAN class="longitude">156°36′W</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class="geo-multi-punct"> / </SPAN><SPAN class="geo-nondefault"><SPAN class="vcard"><SPAN class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">20.550°N 156.600°W</SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> / <SPAN class="geo">20.550; -156.600</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> (<SPAN class="fn org">Kahoolawe</SPAN>)</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN></TD>
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<DIV style="clear:both;"></DIV>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Topography">Topography</SPAN></H3>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Hawaii_in_Pacific_Ocean.png" class="image"><IMG alt="World map with Hawaiian islands in the middle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Hawaii_in_Pacific_Ocean.png/220px-Hawaii_in_Pacific_Ocean.png" width="220" height="220" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Hawaii_in_Pacific_Ocean.png 1.5x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="330" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Hawaii_in_Pacific_Ocean.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
The <A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Islands" title="Hawaiian Islands">Hawaiian Islands</A> are located in the North Pacific Ocean</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<P>The Hawaiian archipelago is located 2,000 mi (3,200 km) southwest of the contiguous United States.<SUP id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-33">[31]</A></SUP> Hawaii is the southernmost U.S. state and the second westernmost after Alaska. Hawaii, along with Alaska, does not border any other U.S. state. It is the only U.S. state that is not geographically located in North America, the only state completely surrounded by water and that is entirely an archipelago, and the only state in which coffee is commercially cultivable.</P>
<P>In addition to the eight main islands, the state has many smaller islands and islets. <A href="/wiki/Ka%CA%BBula" title="Kaʻula">Ka<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ula</A> is a small island near Ni<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ihau. The <A href="/wiki/Northwest_Hawaiian_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Northwest Hawaiian Islands">Northwest Hawaiian Islands</A> is a group of nine small, older islands to the northwest of Kaua<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i that extend from <A href="/wiki/Nihoa" title="Nihoa">Nihoa</A> to <A href="/wiki/Kure_Atoll" title="Kure Atoll">Kure Atoll</A>; these are remnants of once much larger volcanic mountains. Across the archipelago are around 130 small rocks and islets, such as <A href="/wiki/Molokini" title="Molokini">Molokini</A>, which are either volcanic, marine sedimentary or erosional in origin.<SUP id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-34">[32]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Hawaii's tallest mountain <A href="/wiki/Mauna_Kea" title="Mauna Kea">Mauna Kea</A> is 13,796 ft (4,205 m) above mean sea level;<SUP id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-35">[33]</A></SUP> it is taller than <A href="/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest">Mount Everest</A> if measured from the base of the mountain, which lies on the floor of the Pacific Ocean and rises about 33,500 feet (10,200 m).<SUP id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-36">[34]</A></SUP></P>
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<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Geology">Geology</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_hotspot" title="Hawaii hotspot">Hawaii hotspot</A></DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:P%C4%81hoehoe_lava_meets_Pacific.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/P%C4%81hoehoe_lava_meets_Pacific.jpg/220px-P%C4%81hoehoe_lava_meets_Pacific.jpg" width="220" height="138" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/P%C4%81hoehoe_lava_meets_Pacific.jpg/330px-P%C4%81hoehoe_lava_meets_Pacific.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/P%C4%81hoehoe_lava_meets_Pacific.jpg/440px-P%C4%81hoehoe_lava_meets_Pacific.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2824" data-file-height="1772" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:P%C4%81hoehoe_lava_meets_Pacific.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
Pāhoehoe, or smooth lava, spills into the Pacific Ocean, forming new rock off the coast of the Island of Hawaii.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<P>The Hawaiian islands were formed by volcanic activity initiated at an undersea <A href="/wiki/Magma" title="Magma">magma</A> source called the <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_hotspot" title="Hawaii hotspot">Hawaii hotspot</A>. The process is continuing to build islands; the <A href="/wiki/Plate_tectonics" title="Plate tectonics">tectonic plate</A> beneath much of the Pacific Ocean continually moves northwest and the hot spot remains stationary, slowly creating new volcanoes. Because of the hotspot's location, all currently active land volcanoes are located on the southern half of Hawaii Island. The newest volcano, <A href="/wiki/Loihi_Seamount" class="mw-redirect" title="Loihi Seamount">Lō<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ihi Seamount</A>, is located south of the coast of Hawaii Island.</P>
<P>The last volcanic eruption outside Hawaii Island occurred at <A href="/wiki/Haleakal%C4%81" title="Haleakalā">Haleakalā</A> on Maui before the late 18th<SPAN class="nowrap"> </SPAN>century, possibly hundreds of years earlier.<SUP id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-37">[35]</A></SUP> In 1790, <A href="/wiki/1790_Footprints" title="1790 Footprints">Kīlauea exploded</A>; it was the deadliest eruption known to have occurred in the modern era in what is now the United States.<SUP id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-38">[36]</A></SUP> Up to 5,405 warriors and their families marching on <A href="/wiki/K%C4%ABlauea" title="Kīlauea">Kīlauea</A> were killed by the eruption.<SUP id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-39">[37]</A></SUP> Volcanic activity and subsequent erosion have created impressive geological features. Hawaii Island has the <A href="/wiki/List_of_islands_by_highest_point" title="List of islands by highest point">third-highest point</A> among the world's islands.<SUP id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-40">[38]</A></SUP></P>
<P>On the flanks of the volcanoes, slope instability has generated damaging earthquakes and related <A href="/wiki/Tsunami" title="Tsunami">tsunamis</A>, particularly in <A href="/wiki/1868_Hawaii_earthquake" title="1868 Hawaii earthquake">1868</A> and <A href="/wiki/1975_Hawaii_earthquake" title="1975 Hawaii earthquake">1975</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-PTWC_41-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-PTWC-41">[39]</A></SUP> Steep cliffs have been created by catastrophic <A href="/wiki/Debris_avalanche" class="mw-redirect" title="Debris avalanche">debris avalanches</A> on the submerged flanks of ocean island volcanoes.<SUP id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-42">[40]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-43">[41]</A></SUP></P>
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<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Flora_and_fauna">Flora and fauna</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <A href="/wiki/Endemism_in_the_Hawaiian_Islands" title="Endemism in the Hawaiian Islands">Endemism in the Hawaiian Islands</A> and <A href="/wiki/List_of_invasive_plant_species_in_Hawaii" title="List of invasive plant species in Hawaii">List of invasive plant species in Hawaii</A></DIV>
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<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:172px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Corvus_hawaiiensis.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Corvus_hawaiiensis.jpg/170px-Corvus_hawaiiensis.jpg" width="170" height="261" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Corvus_hawaiiensis.jpg/255px-Corvus_hawaiiensis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Corvus_hawaiiensis.jpg/340px-Corvus_hawaiiensis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1537" /></A>
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<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Corvus_hawaiiensis.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
<I>Corvus hawaiiensis</I>, the endemic <A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_crow" title="Hawaiian crow">Hawaiian crow</A> (<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>alalā), is extinct in the wild.</DIV>
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<P>Because the islands of Hawaii are distant from other land habitats, life is thought to have arrived there by wind, waves (i.e. by ocean currents) and wings (i.e. birds, insects, and any seeds they may have carried on their feathers). This isolation, in combination with the diverse environment (including extreme altitudes, tropical climates, and arid shorelines), produced an array of endemic flora and fauna. Hawaii has more endangered species and has lost a higher percentage of its endemic species than any other U.S. state.<SUP id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-44">[42]</A></SUP> One endemic plant, <I><A href="/wiki/Brighamia" class="mw-redirect" title="Brighamia">Brighamia</A></I>, now requires hand-pollination because its natural pollinator is presumed to be extinct.<SUP id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-45">[43]</A></SUP> The two species of <I>Brighamia</I>—<I>B. rockii</I> and <I>B. insignis</I>—are represented in the wild by around 120 individual plants. To ensure these plants set seed, biologists rappel down 3,000-foot (910 m) cliffs to brush pollen onto their stigmas.<SUP id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-46">[44]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The extant main islands of the archipelago have been above the surface of the ocean for fewer than 10<SPAN class="nowrap"> </SPAN>million years; a fraction of the time biological colonization and evolution have occurred there. The islands are well known for the environmental diversity that occurs on high mountains within a trade winds field. On a single island, the climate around the coasts can range from dry tropical (less than 20 inches or 510 millimeters annual rainfall) to wet tropical; on the slopes, environments range from tropical rainforest (more than 200 inches or 5,100 millimeters per year), through a temperate climate, to alpine conditions with a cold, dry climate. The rainy climate impacts soil development, which largely determines ground permeability, affecting the distribution of streams and wetlands.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Protected_areas">Protected areas</SPAN></H3>
<DIV class="thumb tleft">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Hawaiian_monk_seal_at_French_Frigate_Shoals_07.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt=" A Hawaiian monk seal rests at French Frigate Shoals." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Hawaiian_monk_seal_at_French_Frigate_Shoals_07.jpg/220px-Hawaiian_monk_seal_at_French_Frigate_Shoals_07.jpg" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Hawaiian_monk_seal_at_French_Frigate_Shoals_07.jpg/330px-Hawaiian_monk_seal_at_French_Frigate_Shoals_07.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Hawaiian_monk_seal_at_French_Frigate_Shoals_07.jpg/440px-Hawaiian_monk_seal_at_French_Frigate_Shoals_07.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Hawaiian_monk_seal_at_French_Frigate_Shoals_07.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
<A href="/wiki/French_Frigate_Shoals" title="French Frigate Shoals">French Frigate Shoals</A>, located in the <A href="/wiki/Northwestern_Hawaiian_Islands" title="Northwestern Hawaiian Islands">Northwestern Hawaiian Islands</A>, is protected as part of the <A href="/wiki/Papah%C4%81naumoku%C4%81kea_Marine_National_Monument" title="Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument">Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument</A>.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<P>Several areas in Hawaii are under the protection of the <A href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-47">[45]</A></SUP> Hawaii has two national parks: <A href="/wiki/Haleakal%C4%81_National_Park" title="Haleakalā National Park">Haleakalā National Park</A> located near <A href="/wiki/Kula,_Hawaii" title="Kula, Hawaii">Kula</A> on the island of Maui, which features the dormant volcano Haleakalā that formed east Maui, and <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_Volcanoes_National_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaii Volcanoes National Park">Hawaii Volcanoes National Park</A> in the southeast region of the Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i Island, which includes the active volcano Kīlauea and its rift zones.</P>
<P>There are three <A href="/wiki/National_historical_park" class="mw-redirect" title="National historical park">national historical parks</A>; <A href="/wiki/Kalaupapa_National_Historical_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalaupapa National Historical Park">Kalaupapa National Historical Park</A> in Kalaupapa, Moloka<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i, the site of a former leper colony; <A href="/wiki/Kaloko-Honokohau_National_Historical_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park">Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park</A> in <A href="/wiki/Kailua,_Hawaii_County,_Hawaii" title="Kailua, Hawaii County, Hawaii">Kailua-Kona</A> on Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i Island; and <A href="/wiki/Pu%CA%BBuhonua_o_H%C5%8Dnaunau_National_Historical_Park" title="Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau National Historical Park">Pu<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>uhonua o Hōnaunau National Historical Park</A>, an ancient place of refuge on Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i Island's west coast. Other areas under the control of the National Park Service include <A href="/wiki/Ala_Kahakai_National_Historic_Trail" title="Ala Kahakai National Historic Trail">Ala Kahakai National Historic Trail</A> on Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i Island and the <A href="/wiki/USS_Arizona_Memorial" title="USS Arizona Memorial">USS <I>Arizona</I> Memorial</A> at <A href="/wiki/Pearl_Harbor" title="Pearl Harbor">Pearl Harbor</A> on O<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ahu.</P>
<P>The <A href="/wiki/Papah%C4%81naumoku%C4%81kea_Marine_National_Monument" title="Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument">Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument</A> was proclaimed by President <A href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</A> on June 15, 2006. The monument covers roughly 140,000 square miles (360,000 km<SUP>2</SUP>) of reefs, atolls, and shallow and deep sea out to 50 miles (80 km) offshore in the Pacific Ocean—an area larger than all of the national parks in the U.S. combined.<SUP id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-48">[46]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Climate">Climate</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <A href="/wiki/List_of_Hawaii_tornadoes" title="List of Hawaii tornadoes">List of Hawaii tornadoes</A> and <A href="/wiki/Climate_of_Hawaii" title="Climate of Hawaii">Climate of Hawaii</A></DIV>
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<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Hawaje-NoRedLine.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Hawaje-NoRedLine.jpg/220px-Hawaje-NoRedLine.jpg" width="220" height="171" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Hawaje-NoRedLine.jpg/330px-Hawaje-NoRedLine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Hawaje-NoRedLine.jpg/440px-Hawaje-NoRedLine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2800" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Hawaje-NoRedLine.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
A true-color satellite view of Hawaii shows that most of the vegetation on the islands grows on the northeast sides which face the wind. The silver glow around the southwest of the islands is the result of calmer waters.<SUP id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-49">[47]</A></SUP></DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<P>Hawaii's climate is typical for the tropics, although temperatures and humidity tend to be less extreme because of near-constant <A href="/wiki/Trade_winds" title="Trade winds">trade winds</A> from the east. Summer highs usually reach around 88 °F (31 °C) during the day, with the temperature reaching a low of 75 °F (24 °C) at night. Winter day temperatures are usually around 83 °F (28 °C); at low elevation they seldom dip below 65 °F (18 °C) at night. Snow, not usually associated with the tropics, falls at 13,800 feet (4,200 m) on Mauna Kea and <A href="/wiki/Mauna_Loa" title="Mauna Loa">Mauna Loa</A> on Hawaii Island in some winter months. Snow rarely falls on Haleakalā. <A href="/wiki/Mount_Waialeale" title="Mount Waialeale">Mount Wai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ale<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ale</A> on Kaua<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i has the second-highest average annual rainfall on Earth, about 460 inches (12,000 mm) per year. Most of Hawaii experiences only two seasons; the dry season runs from May to October and the wet season is from October to April.<SUP id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-50">[48]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The warmest temperature recorded in the state, in <A href="/wiki/Pahala" class="mw-redirect" title="Pahala">Pahala</A> on April 27, 1931, is 100 °F (38 °C), making it tied with <A href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</A> as the lowest record high temperature observed in a U.S. state.<SUP id="cite_ref-:0_51-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-:0-51">[49]</A></SUP> Hawaii's record low temperature is 12 °F (−11 °C) observed in May<SPAN class="nowrap"> </SPAN>1979, on the summit of Mauna Kea. Hawaii is the only state to have never recorded sub-zero Fahrenheit temperatures.<SUP id="cite_ref-:0_51-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-:0-51">[49]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Climates vary considerably on each island; they can be divided into <A href="/wiki/Windward_and_leeward" title="Windward and leeward">windward and leeward</A> (<I>ko<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>olau</I> and <I>kona</I>, respectively) areas based upon location relative to the higher mountains. Windward sides face cloud cover.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2017)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<TABLE class="infobox" style="width: 19.5em; float: left; clear: right; margin-left:0em;margin-right:1em; text-align: center; border: solid 1px silver" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH><A href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu</A></TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH style="font-size: 90%">Climate chart (<A href="/wiki/Template:Climate_chart/How_to_read_a_climate_chart" title="Template:Climate chart/How to read a climate chart">explanation</A>)</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<TABLE class="infobox" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: left; clear: right; margin-left:0em;margin-right:1em; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>F</TD>
<TD>M</TD>
<TD>A</TD>
<TD>M</TD>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>A</TD>
<TD>S</TD>
<TD>O</TD>
<TD>N</TD>
<TD>D</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.17348em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">2.3</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.806666666667em;height:1.5333333333333em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.34em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">80</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.306666666667em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">66</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.01092em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">2</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.784444444444em;height:1.5666666666667em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.351111111111em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">80</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.284444444444em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">66</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.02616em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">2</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.962222222222em;height:1.5em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.462222222222em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">81</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.462222222222em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">68</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.32004em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">0.6</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.151111111111em;height:1.4777777777778em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.628888888889em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">83</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.651111111111em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">69</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.31496em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">0.6</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.317777777778em;height:1.5222222222222em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.84em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">85</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.817777777778em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">71</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.13208em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">0.3</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.595555555556em;height:1.5111111111111em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.106666666667em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">87</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.095555555556em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">73</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.25908em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">0.5</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.717777777778em;height:1.4888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.206666666667em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">88</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.217777777778em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">75</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.28448em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">0.6</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.784444444444em;height:1.5111111111111em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.295555555556em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">89</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.284444444444em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">75</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.3556em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">0.7</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.706666666667em;height:1.5777777777778em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.284444444444em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">89</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.206666666667em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">74</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.93472em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">1.8</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.595555555556em;height:1.4777777777778em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.073333333333em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">87</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.095555555556em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">73</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.22936em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">2.4</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.373333333333em;height:1.3888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.762222222222em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">84</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.873333333333em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">71</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.64592em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">3.2</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.028888888889em;height:1.4333333333333em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.462222222222em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">81</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.528888888889em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">68</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em; color: red">Average max. and min. temperatures in °F</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em; color: blue">Precipitation totals in inches</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><I>Source: <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo-web/datatools/normals">National Climate Data Center</A></I></TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<TABLE class="infobox collapsible collapsed" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: left; clear: right; margin-left:0em;margin-right:1em; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="collapsibleTable0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH colspan="12"><SPAN class="collapseButton">[<A id="collapseButton0" href="#">show</A>]</SPAN>Metric conversion</TH>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>F</TD>
<TD>M</TD>
<TD>A</TD>
<TD>M</TD>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>A</TD>
<TD>S</TD>
<TD>O</TD>
<TD>N</TD>
<TD>D</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.17348em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">59</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.806666666667em;height:1.5333333333333em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.34em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">27</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.306666666667em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">19</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.01092em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">51</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.784444444444em;height:1.5666666666667em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.351111111111em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">27</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.284444444444em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">19</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.02616em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">51</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.962222222222em;height:1.5em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.462222222222em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">27</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.462222222222em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">20</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.32004em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">16</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.151111111111em;height:1.4777777777778em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.628888888889em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">28</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.651111111111em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">21</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.31496em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">16</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.317777777778em;height:1.5222222222222em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.84em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">29</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.817777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">22</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.13208em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">6.6</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.595555555556em;height:1.5111111111111em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.106666666667em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">31</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.095555555556em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">23</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.25908em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">13</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.717777777778em;height:1.4888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.206666666667em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">31</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.217777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">24</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.28448em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">14</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.784444444444em;height:1.5111111111111em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.295555555556em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">32</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.284444444444em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">24</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.3556em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">18</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.706666666667em;height:1.5777777777778em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.284444444444em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">31</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.206666666667em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">24</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.93472em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">47</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.595555555556em;height:1.4777777777778em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.073333333333em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">30</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.095555555556em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">23</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.22936em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">61</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.373333333333em;height:1.3888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.762222222222em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">29</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.873333333333em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">22</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.64592em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">82</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.028888888889em;height:1.4333333333333em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.462222222222em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">27</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.528888888889em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">20</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em; color: red">Average max. and min. temperatures in °C</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em; color: blue">Precipitation totals in mm</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE class="infobox" style="width: 19.5em; float: left; clear: right; margin-left:0em;margin-right:1em; text-align: center; border: solid 1px silver" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH><A href="/wiki/Hilo,_Hawaii" title="Hilo, Hawaii">Hilo</A></TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH style="font-size: 90%">Climate chart (<A href="/wiki/Template:Climate_chart/How_to_read_a_climate_chart" title="Template:Climate chart/How to read a climate chart">explanation</A>)</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<TABLE class="infobox" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: left; clear: right; margin-left:0em;margin-right:1em; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>F</TD>
<TD>M</TD>
<TD>A</TD>
<TD>M</TD>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>A</TD>
<TD>S</TD>
<TD>O</TD>
<TD>N</TD>
<TD>D</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:4.70408em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">9.3</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.528888888889em;height:1.6888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.217777777778em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">79</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.028888888889em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">64</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:4.85648em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">9.6</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.495555555556em;height:1.7em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.195555555556em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">79</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.9955555555556em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">64</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:6.82244em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">13</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.617777777778em;height:1.6em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.217777777778em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">79</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.117777777778em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">65</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:5.86232em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">12</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.717777777778em;height:1.4888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.206666666667em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">79</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.217777777778em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">66</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:4.12496em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">8.1</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.873333333333em;height:1.5222222222222em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.395555555556em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">81</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.373333333333em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">67</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:3.74396em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">7.4</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.017777777778em;height:1.5555555555556em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.573333333333em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">82</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.517777777778em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">68</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:5.49148em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">11</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.14em;height:1.5em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.64em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">83</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.64em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">69</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:5.0038em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">9.9</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.184444444444em;height:1.5em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.684444444444em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">83</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.684444444444em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">70</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:5.04952em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">9.9</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.117777777778em;height:1.5777777777778em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.695555555556em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">83</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.617777777778em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">69</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:4.96316em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">9.8</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.051111111111em;height:1.5666666666667em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.617777777778em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">83</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.551111111111em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">69</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:7.874em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">16</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.917777777778em;height:1.5em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.417777777778em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">81</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.417777777778em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">67</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:5.87756em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">12</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.673333333333em;height:1.5888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.262222222222em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">79</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.173333333333em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">65</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em; color: red">Average max. and min. temperatures in °F</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em; color: blue">Precipitation totals in inches</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><I>Source: <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo-web/datatools/normals">National Climate Data Center</A></I></TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<TABLE class="infobox collapsible collapsed" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: left; clear: right; margin-left:0em;margin-right:1em; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="collapsibleTable1">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH colspan="12"><SPAN class="collapseButton">[<A id="collapseButton1" href="#">show</A>]</SPAN>Metric conversion</TH>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>F</TD>
<TD>M</TD>
<TD>A</TD>
<TD>M</TD>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>A</TD>
<TD>S</TD>
<TD>O</TD>
<TD>N</TD>
<TD>D</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:4.70408em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">235</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.528888888889em;height:1.6888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.217777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">26</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.028888888889em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">18</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:4.85648em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">243</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.495555555556em;height:1.7em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.195555555556em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">26</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.9955555555556em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">18</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:6.82244em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">341</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.617777777778em;height:1.6em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.217777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">26</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.117777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">18</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:5.86232em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">293</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.717777777778em;height:1.4888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.206666666667em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">26</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.217777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">19</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:4.12496em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">206</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.873333333333em;height:1.5222222222222em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.395555555556em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">27</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.373333333333em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">19</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:3.74396em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">187</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.017777777778em;height:1.5555555555556em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.573333333333em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">28</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.517777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">20</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:5.49148em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">275</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.14em;height:1.5em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.64em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">28</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.64em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">21</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:5.0038em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">250</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.184444444444em;height:1.5em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.684444444444em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">28</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.684444444444em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">21</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:5.04952em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">252</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.117777777778em;height:1.5777777777778em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.695555555556em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">29</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.617777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">21</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:4.96316em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">248</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.051111111111em;height:1.5666666666667em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.617777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">28</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.551111111111em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">20</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:7.874em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">394</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.917777777778em;height:1.5em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.417777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">27</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.417777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">20</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:5.87756em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">294</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.673333333333em;height:1.5888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.262222222222em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">26</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.173333333333em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">18</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em; color: red">Average max. and min. temperatures in °C</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em; color: blue">Precipitation totals in mm</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE class="infobox" style="width: 19.5em; float: left; clear: right; margin-left:0em;margin-right:1em; text-align: center; border: solid 1px silver" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH><A href="/wiki/Kahului,_Hawaii" title="Kahului, Hawaii">Kahului</A></TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH style="font-size: 90%">Climate chart (<A href="/wiki/Template:Climate_chart/How_to_read_a_climate_chart" title="Template:Climate chart/How to read a climate chart">explanation</A>)</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<TABLE class="infobox" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: left; clear: right; margin-left:0em;margin-right:1em; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>F</TD>
<TD>M</TD>
<TD>A</TD>
<TD>M</TD>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>A</TD>
<TD>S</TD>
<TD>O</TD>
<TD>N</TD>
<TD>D</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.45796em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">2.9</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.484444444444em;height:1.9111111111111em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.395555555556em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">81</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.9844444444444em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">63</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.96012em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">1.9</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.44em;height:1.9666666666667em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.406666666667em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">81</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.94em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">63</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.2446em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">2.5</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.595555555556em;height:1.8888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.484444444444em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">81</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.095555555556em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">64</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.7874em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">1.6</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.74em;height:1.8555555555556em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.595555555556em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">82</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.24em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">66</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.37592em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">0.7</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.895555555556em;height:1.9222222222222em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.817777777778em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">84</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.395555555556em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">67</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.1016em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">0.2</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.173333333333em;height:1.8555555555556em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.028888888889em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">86</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.673333333333em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">70</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.254em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">0.5</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.34em;height:1.7888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.128888888889em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">87</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.84em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">71</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.254em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">0.5</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.373333333333em;height:1.8444444444444em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.217777777778em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">88</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.873333333333em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">71</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.19304em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">0.4</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.262222222222em;height:1.9555555555556em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.217777777778em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">88</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.762222222222em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">70</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.6096em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">1.2</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.162222222222em;height:1.9222222222222em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.084444444444em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">87</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.662222222222em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">70</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.1176em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">2.2</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.995555555556em;height:1.7888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.784444444444em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">84</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.495555555556em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">68</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.7018em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">3.4</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.673333333333em;height:1.8333333333333em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.506666666667em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">82</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.173333333333em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">65</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em; color: red">Average max. and min. temperatures in °F</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em; color: blue">Precipitation totals in inches</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><I>Source: <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo-web/datatools/normals">National Climate Data Center</A></I></TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<TABLE class="infobox collapsible collapsed" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: left; clear: right; margin-left:0em;margin-right:1em; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="collapsibleTable2">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH colspan="12"><SPAN class="collapseButton">[<A id="collapseButton2" href="#">show</A>]</SPAN>Metric conversion</TH>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>F</TD>
<TD>M</TD>
<TD>A</TD>
<TD>M</TD>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>A</TD>
<TD>S</TD>
<TD>O</TD>
<TD>N</TD>
<TD>D</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.45796em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">73</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.484444444444em;height:1.9111111111111em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.395555555556em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">27</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.9844444444444em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">17</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.96012em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">48</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.44em;height:1.9666666666667em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.406666666667em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">27</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.94em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">17</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.2446em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">62</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.595555555556em;height:1.8888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.484444444444em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">27</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.095555555556em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">18</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.7874em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">39</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.74em;height:1.8555555555556em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.595555555556em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">28</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.24em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">19</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.37592em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">19</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.895555555556em;height:1.9222222222222em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.817777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">29</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.395555555556em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">20</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.1016em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">5.1</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.173333333333em;height:1.8555555555556em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.028888888889em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">30</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.673333333333em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">21</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.254em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">13</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.34em;height:1.7888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.128888888889em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">31</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.84em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">22</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.254em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">13</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.373333333333em;height:1.8444444444444em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.217777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">31</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.873333333333em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">22</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.19304em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">9.7</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.262222222222em;height:1.9555555555556em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.217777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">31</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.762222222222em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">21</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.6096em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">30</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.162222222222em;height:1.9222222222222em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.084444444444em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">30</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.662222222222em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">21</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.1176em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">56</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.995555555556em;height:1.7888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.784444444444em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">29</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.495555555556em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">20</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.7018em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">85</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.673333333333em;height:1.8333333333333em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.506666666667em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">28</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.173333333333em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">18</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em; color: red">Average max. and min. temperatures in °C</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em; color: blue">Precipitation totals in mm</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE class="infobox" style="width: 19.5em; float: left; clear: right; margin-left:0em;margin-right:1em; text-align: center; border: solid 1px silver" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH><A href="/wiki/Lihue,_Hawaii" title="Lihue, Hawaii">Lihue</A></TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH style="font-size: 90%">Climate chart (<A href="/wiki/Template:Climate_chart/How_to_read_a_climate_chart" title="Template:Climate chart/How to read a climate chart">explanation</A>)</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<TABLE class="infobox" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: left; clear: right; margin-left:0em;margin-right:1em; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>F</TD>
<TD>M</TD>
<TD>A</TD>
<TD>M</TD>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>A</TD>
<TD>S</TD>
<TD>O</TD>
<TD>N</TD>
<TD>D</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.905em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">3.8</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.717777777778em;height:1.3888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.106666666667em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">78</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.217777777778em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">66</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.60528em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">3.2</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.717777777778em;height:1.3666666666667em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.084444444444em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">78</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.217777777778em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">66</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.34188em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">4.6</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.884444444444em;height:1.2666666666667em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.151111111111em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">78</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.384444444444em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">67</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.143em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">2.3</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.084444444444em;height:1.1555555555556em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.24em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">79</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.584444444444em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">69</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.05156em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">2.1</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.262222222222em;height:1.2em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.462222222222em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">81</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.762222222222em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">70</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.81788em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">1.6</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.551111111111em;height:1.1444444444444em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.695555555556em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">83</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.051111111111em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">73</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.94996em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">1.9</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.673333333333em;height:1.1222222222222em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.795555555556em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">84</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.173333333333em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">74</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.08204em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">2.1</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.728888888889em;height:1.1222222222222em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.851111111111em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">85</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.228888888889em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">75</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.07696em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">2.1</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.673333333333em;height:1.1888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.862222222222em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">85</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.173333333333em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">74</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.94056em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">3.8</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.54em;height:1.1666666666667em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.706666666667em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">83</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.04em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">73</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.26568em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">4.5</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.306666666667em;height:1.1111111111111em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.417777777778em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">81</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.806666666667em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">71</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.6416em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">5.2</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.951111111111em;height:1.2444444444444em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.195555555556em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">79</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.451111111111em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">68</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em; color: red">Average max. and min. temperatures in °F</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em; color: blue">Precipitation totals in inches</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><I>Source: <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo-web/datatools/normals">National Climate Data Center</A></I></TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<TABLE class="infobox collapsible collapsed" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: left; clear: right; margin-left:0em;margin-right:1em; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="collapsibleTable3">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH colspan="12"><SPAN class="collapseButton">[<A id="collapseButton3" href="#">show</A>]</SPAN>Metric conversion</TH>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>F</TD>
<TD>M</TD>
<TD>A</TD>
<TD>M</TD>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>A</TD>
<TD>S</TD>
<TD>O</TD>
<TD>N</TD>
<TD>D</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.905em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">95</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.717777777778em;height:1.3888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.106666666667em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">26</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.217777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">19</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.60528em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">80</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.717777777778em;height:1.3666666666667em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.084444444444em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">25</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.217777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">19</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.34188em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">117</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.884444444444em;height:1.2666666666667em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.151111111111em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">26</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.384444444444em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">19</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.143em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">57</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.084444444444em;height:1.1555555555556em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.24em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">26</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.584444444444em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">20</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.05156em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">53</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.262222222222em;height:1.2em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.462222222222em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">27</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.762222222222em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">21</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.81788em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">41</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.551111111111em;height:1.1444444444444em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.695555555556em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">29</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.051111111111em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">23</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.94996em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">47</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.673333333333em;height:1.1222222222222em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.795555555556em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">29</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.173333333333em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">23</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.08204em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">54</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.728888888889em;height:1.1222222222222em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.851111111111em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">29</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.228888888889em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">24</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.07696em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">54</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.673333333333em;height:1.1888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.862222222222em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">29</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.173333333333em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">23</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.94056em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">97</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.54em;height:1.1666666666667em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.706666666667em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">29</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.04em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">23</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.26568em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">113</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.306666666667em;height:1.1111111111111em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.417777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">27</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.806666666667em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">22</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.6416em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">132</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.951111111111em;height:1.2444444444444em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.195555555556em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">26</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.451111111111em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">20</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em; color: red">Average max. and min. temperatures in °C</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em; color: blue">Precipitation totals in mm</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE class="infobox" style="width: 19.5em; float: left; clear: right; margin-left:0em;margin-right:1em; text-align: center; border: solid 1px silver" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH><A href="/wiki/Lanai_City,_Hawaii" title="Lanai City, Hawaii">Lanai City</A></TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH style="font-size: 90%">Climate chart (<A href="/wiki/Template:Climate_chart/How_to_read_a_climate_chart" title="Template:Climate chart/How to read a climate chart">explanation</A>)</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<TABLE class="infobox" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: left; clear: right; margin-left:0em;margin-right:1em; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>F</TD>
<TD>M</TD>
<TD>A</TD>
<TD>M</TD>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>A</TD>
<TD>S</TD>
<TD>O</TD>
<TD>N</TD>
<TD>D</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.25476em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">2.5</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.073333333333em;height:1.8111111111111em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.884444444444em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">76</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.5733333333333em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">60</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.81788em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">1.6</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.106666666667em;height:1.7888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.895555555556em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">76</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.6066666666667em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">60</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.82804em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">1.6</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.173333333333em;height:1.7888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.962222222222em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">77</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.6733333333333em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">61</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.43688em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">0.9</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.262222222222em;height:1.8666666666667em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.128888888889em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">78</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.7622222222222em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">61</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.26924em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">0.5</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.417777777778em;height:1.8666666666667em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.284444444444em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">80</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.9177777777778em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">63</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.32004em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">0.6</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.628888888889em;height:1.8888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.517777777778em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">82</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.128888888889em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">65</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.22352em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">0.4</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.762222222222em;height:1.8888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.651111111111em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">83</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.262222222222em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">66</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.2286em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">0.5</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.851111111111em;height:1.8666666666667em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.717777777778em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">84</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.351111111111em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">67</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.47244em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">0.9</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.828888888889em;height:1.8444444444444em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.673333333333em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">83</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.328888888889em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">67</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.70612em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">1.4</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.728888888889em;height:1.8111111111111em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.54em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">82</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.228888888889em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">66</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.22936em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">2.4</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.595555555556em;height:1.6333333333333em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.228888888889em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">79</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.095555555556em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">64</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.13284em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">2.2</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.184444444444em;height:1.8222222222222em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.006666666667em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">77</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.6844444444444em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">61</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em; color: red">Average max. and min. temperatures in °F</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em; color: blue">Precipitation totals in inches</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em"><I>Source: <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo-web/datatools/normals">National Climate Data Center</A></I></TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<TABLE class="infobox collapsible collapsed" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: left; clear: right; margin-left:0em;margin-right:1em; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="collapsibleTable4">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH colspan="12"><SPAN class="collapseButton">[<A id="collapseButton4" href="#">show</A>]</SPAN>Metric conversion</TH>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>F</TD>
<TD>M</TD>
<TD>A</TD>
<TD>M</TD>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>J</TD>
<TD>A</TD>
<TD>S</TD>
<TD>O</TD>
<TD>N</TD>
<TD>D</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.25476em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">63</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.073333333333em;height:1.8111111111111em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.884444444444em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">24</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.5733333333333em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">15</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.81788em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">41</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.106666666667em;height:1.7888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.895555555556em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">25</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.6066666666667em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">16</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.82804em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">41</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.173333333333em;height:1.7888888888889em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.962222222222em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">25</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.6733333333333em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">16</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.43688em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">22</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.262222222222em;height:1.8666666666667em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.128888888889em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">26</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.7622222222222em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">16</SPAN></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD>
<DIV style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0">
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="background:#ace;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.26924em;overflow:hidden"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center"><SPAN style="font-size:70%">13</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </DIV>
<DIV style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.417777777778em;height:1.8666666666667em;"> </DIV>
<DIV style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.284444444444em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right"><SPAN style="font-size:80%">26</SPAN></DIV>
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<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em; color: red">Average max. and min. temperatures in °C</TD>
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<TD colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em; color: blue">Precipitation totals in mm</TD>
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<DIV style="clear:both;"></DIV>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="History">History</SPAN></H2>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/History_of_Hawaii" title="History of Hawaii">History of Hawaii</A></DIV>
<TABLE class="vertical-navbox nowraplinks" style="float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;background-color: #FAFAFA; border: 1px solid #CCC;">
<TBODY><TR>
<TD style="padding-top:0.4em;line-height:1.2em">Part of <B><A href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Hawaii" title="Category:History of Hawaii">a series</A></B> on the</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.2em;padding-top:0;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em;background: #1874CD; color: #FFF; padding:3px;">History of Hawaii</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="padding:0.2em 0 0.4em"><A href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Hawaii.svg" class="image" title="Flag of Hawaii"><IMG alt="Flag of Hawaii" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Hawaii.svg/75px-Flag_of_Hawaii.svg.png" width="75" height="38" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Hawaii.svg/113px-Flag_of_Hawaii.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Hawaii.svg/150px-Flag_of_Hawaii.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></A></TD>
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<TR>
<TH style="padding:0.1em;background: #C9E1F9;">Timeline</TH>
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<TR>
<TD class="hlist" style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ancient_Hawaii" title="Ancient Hawaii">Ancient</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hawaii" title="Kingdom of Hawaii">Kingdom of Hawaii</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Hawaii" title="Provisional Government of Hawaii">Provisional Government</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Republic_of_Hawaii" title="Republic of Hawaii">Republic of Hawaii</A></LI>
</UL>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH style="padding:0.1em;background: #C9E1F9;">Modern-day Hawaii</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD class="hlist" style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Territory_of_Hawaii" title="Territory of Hawaii">U.S. Territory</A></LI>
<LI><A class="mw-selflink selflink">State of Hawaii</A></LI>
</UL>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="padding:0.3em 0.4em 0.3em;font-weight:bold;background: #1874CD; color: #FFF;"><IMG alt="Flag of Hawaii.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Hawaii.svg/13px-Flag_of_Hawaii.svg.png" width="13" height="7" style="vertical-align: baseline" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Hawaii.svg/20px-Flag_of_Hawaii.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Hawaii.svg/26px-Flag_of_Hawaii.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <A href="/wiki/Portal:Hawaii" title="Portal:Hawaii"><SPAN style="color: #FFF;">Hawaii portal</SPAN></A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding: 2px; text-align: center;">
<DIV class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini">
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<LI class="nv-view"><A href="/wiki/Template:History_of_Hawaii" title="Template:History of Hawaii"><ABBR title="View this template" style="font-size: 100%; margin: 2px;">v</ABBR></A></LI>
<LI class="nv-talk"><A href="/wiki/Template_talk:History_of_Hawaii" title="Template talk:History of Hawaii"><ABBR title="Discuss this template" style="font-size: 100%; margin: 2px;">t</ABBR></A></LI>
<LI class="nv-edit"><A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:History_of_Hawaii&action=edit"><ABBR title="Edit this template" style="font-size: 100%; margin: 2px;">e</ABBR></A></LI>
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</TBODY></TABLE>
<P>Hawaii is one of four U.S. states—apart from the original thirteen, along with the <A href="/wiki/Vermont_Republic" title="Vermont Republic">Vermont Republic</A> (1791), the <A href="/wiki/Republic_of_Texas" title="Republic of Texas">Republic of Texas</A> (1845), and the <A href="/wiki/California_Republic" title="California Republic">California Republic</A> (1846)—that were independent nations prior to statehood. Along with Texas, Hawaii had formal, international <A href="/wiki/Diplomatic_recognition" title="Diplomatic recognition">diplomatic recognition</A> as a nation.<SUP id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-52">[50]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The <A href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hawaii" title="Kingdom of Hawaii">Kingdom of Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A> was sovereign from 1810 until 1893 when <A href="/wiki/Overthrow_of_the_Kingdom_of_Hawaii" title="Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii">the monarchy was overthrown</A> by resident American and European capitalists and landholders. Hawaii was an independent republic from 1894 until August 12, 1898, when it officially became a territory of the United States. Hawaii was admitted as a U.S. state on August 21, 1959.<SUP id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-53">[51]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN id="First_human_settlement_.E2.80.93_Ancient_Hawai.CA.BBi_.28800.E2.80.931778.29"></SPAN><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="First_human_settlement_–_Ancient_Hawaiʻi_(800–1778)">First human settlement – Ancient Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i (800–1778)</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Ancient_Hawaii" title="Ancient Hawaii">Ancient Hawaii</A></DIV>
<P>Based on archaeological evidence, the earliest habitation of the Hawaiian Islands dates to around 300 CE, probably by Polynesian settlers from the <A href="/wiki/Marquesas_Islands" title="Marquesas Islands">Marquesas Islands</A>. A second wave of migration from <A href="/wiki/Raiatea" title="Raiatea">Raiatea</A> and <A href="/wiki/Bora_Bora" title="Bora Bora">Bora Bora</A> took place in the 11th century. The date of the human discovery and habitation of the Hawaiian Islands is the subject of academic debate.<SUP id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-54">[52]</A></SUP> Some archaeologists and historians think it was a later wave of immigrants from <A href="/wiki/Tahiti" title="Tahiti">Tahiti</A> around 1000 CE who introduced a new line of high chiefs, the <A href="/wiki/Kapu" title="Kapu">kapu</A> system, the practice of human sacrifice, and the building of <I><A href="/wiki/Heiau" title="Heiau">heiau</A></I>.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP> This later immigration is detailed in <A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaiian mythology">Hawaiian mythology</A> (<I>mo<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>olelo</I>) about <A href="/wiki/Pa%27ao" class="mw-redirect" title="Pa'ao">Pa<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ao</A>. Other authors say there is no archaeological or linguistic evidence for a later influx of Tahitian settlers and that Pa<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ao must be regarded as a myth.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<P>The history of the islands is marked by a slow, steady growth in population and the size of the <A href="/wiki/Chiefdoms" class="mw-redirect" title="Chiefdoms">chiefdoms</A>, which grew to encompass whole islands. Local chiefs, called <A href="/wiki/Ali%27i" class="mw-redirect" title="Ali'i">ali<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A>, ruled their settlements, and launched wars to extend their influence and defend their communities from predatory rivals. Ancient Hawaii was a <A href="/wiki/Makaainana" class="mw-redirect" title="Makaainana">caste</A>-based society, much like that of Hindus in India.<SUP id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-55">[53]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="European_arrival">European arrival</SPAN></H3>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Tereoboo,_King_of_Owyhee,_bringing_presents_to_Captain_Cook_by_John_Webber.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="Drawing of single-masted sailboat with one spinnaker-shaped sail, carrying dozens of men, accompanied by at least four other canoes." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Tereoboo%2C_King_of_Owyhee%2C_bringing_presents_to_Captain_Cook_by_John_Webber.jpg/220px-Tereoboo%2C_King_of_Owyhee%2C_bringing_presents_to_Captain_Cook_by_John_Webber.jpg" width="220" height="138" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Tereoboo%2C_King_of_Owyhee%2C_bringing_presents_to_Captain_Cook_by_John_Webber.jpg/330px-Tereoboo%2C_King_of_Owyhee%2C_bringing_presents_to_Captain_Cook_by_John_Webber.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Tereoboo%2C_King_of_Owyhee%2C_bringing_presents_to_Captain_Cook_by_John_Webber.jpg/440px-Tereoboo%2C_King_of_Owyhee%2C_bringing_presents_to_Captain_Cook_by_John_Webber.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4763" data-file-height="2977" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Tereoboo,_King_of_Owyhee,_bringing_presents_to_Captain_Cook_by_John_Webber.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
<A href="/wiki/Kalani%CA%BB%C5%8Dpu%CA%BBu" title="Kalaniʻōpuʻu">Kalaniʻōpuʻu</A>, King of Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i, brings presents to <A href="/wiki/James_Cook" title="James Cook">Captain Cook</A>.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<P>It is possible that <A href="/wiki/Conquistador" title="Conquistador">Spanish explorers</A> arrived in the Hawaiian Islands in the 16th century—200 years before Captain <A href="/wiki/James_Cook" title="James Cook">James Cook</A>'s first documented visit in 1778. <A href="/wiki/Ruy_L%C3%B3pez_de_Villalobos" title="Ruy López de Villalobos">Ruy López de Villalobos</A> commanded a fleet of six ships that left <A href="/wiki/Acapulco" title="Acapulco">Acapulco</A> in 1542 bound for the Philippines with a Spanish sailor named Juan Gaetano aboard as pilot. Depending on the interpretation, Gaetano's reports describe an encounter with either Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i or the <A href="/wiki/Marshall_Islands" title="Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-Kane_56-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Kane-56">[54]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-57">[55]</A></SUP><SUP class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><SPAN title="Blogs are not considered reliable sources. (January 2017)">better source needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP> If de Villalobos' crew spotted Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i, Gaetano would be considered the first European to see the islands. Some scholars have dismissed these claims due to a lack of credibility.<SUP id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-58">[56]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-59">[57]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Spanish archives contain a chart that depicts islands at the same latitude as Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i but with a longitude ten degrees east of the islands. In this manuscript, the island of Maui is named <I>La Desgraciada</I> (The Unfortunate Island), and what appears to be Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i Island is named <I>La Mesa</I> (The Table). Islands resembling Kahoolawe, Lanai, and Molokai are named <I>Los Monjes</I> (The Monks).<SUP id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-60">[58]</A></SUP> For two-and-a-half centuries, <A href="/wiki/Manila_galleon" title="Manila galleon">Spanish galleons</A> crossed the Pacific from Mexico along a route that passed south of Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i on their way to <A href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</A>. The exact route was kept secret to protect the Spanish trade monopoly against competing powers.</P>
<P>The 1778 arrival of British explorer <A href="/wiki/James_Cook" title="James Cook">James Cook</A> was the first documented contact by a European explorer with Hawaii. Cook named the archipelago as the Sandwich Islands in honor of his sponsor <A href="/wiki/John_Montagu,_4th_Earl_of_Sandwich" title="John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich">John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich</A>. Cook published the islands' location and rendered the native name as <I>Owyhee</I>. This spelling lives on in <A href="/wiki/Owyhee_County,_Idaho" title="Owyhee County, Idaho">Owyhee County</A>, <A href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</A>. It was named after three native Hawaiian members of a trapping party who went missing in that area. The <A href="/wiki/Owyhee_Mountains" title="Owyhee Mountains">Owyhee Mountains</A> were also named for them.<SUP id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-61">[59]</A></SUP></P>
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King Kamehameha receiving <A href="/wiki/Otto_von_Kotzebue" title="Otto von Kotzebue">Otto von Kotzebue</A>'s Russian naval expedition. Drawing by <A href="/wiki/Louis_Choris" title="Louis Choris">Louis Choris</A> in 1816.</DIV>
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<P>Cook visited the Hawaiian Islands twice. As he prepared for departure after his second visit in 1779, a quarrel ensued as Cook took temple idols and fencing as "firewood",<SUP id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-62">[60]</A></SUP> and a minor chief and his men took a ship's boat. Cook abducted the <A href="/wiki/Alii_Aimoku_of_Hawaii" class="mw-redirect" title="Alii Aimoku of Hawaii">King of Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i Island</A>, <A href="/wiki/Kalani%CA%BB%C5%8Dpu%CA%BBu" title="Kalaniʻōpuʻu">Kalani<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ōpu<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>u</A>, and held him for ransom aboard his ship in order to gain return of Cook's boat. This tactic had worked in Tahiti and other islands.<SUP id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-63">[61]</A></SUP> Instead, Kalani<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ōpu<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>u's supporters fought back, killing Cook and four marines as Cook's party retreated along the beach to their ship. They departed without the ship's boat.</P>
<P>After Cook's visit and the publication of several books relating his voyages, the Hawaiian islands attracted many European visitors: explorers, traders, and eventually whalers, who found the islands to be a convenient harbor and source of supplies. Early British influence can be seen in the design of the <A href="/wiki/Flag_of_Hawaii" title="Flag of Hawaii">flag of Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A>, which bears the <A href="/wiki/Union_Jack" title="Union Jack">Union Jack</A> in the top-left corner. These visitors introduced diseases to the once-isolated islands, causing the Hawaiian population to drop precipitously.<SUP id="cite_ref-EB_64-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-EB-64">[62]</A></SUP> Native Hawaiians had no resistance to Eurasian diseases, such as <A href="/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza">influenza</A>, <A href="/wiki/Smallpox" title="Smallpox">smallpox</A> and <A href="/wiki/Measles" title="Measles">measles</A>. By 1820, disease, famine and wars between the chiefs killed more than half of the Native Hawaiian population.<SUP id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-65">[63]</A></SUP> During the 1850s, measles killed a fifth of Hawaii's people.<SUP id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-66">[64]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Historical records indicated the earliest Chinese immigrants to Hawaii originated from <A href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong Province</A>; a few sailors arrived in 1778 with Captain Cook's journey and more arrived in 1789 with an American trader, who settled in Hawaii in the late 18th century. It appears that leprosy was introduced by Chinese workers by 1830; as with the other new infectious diseases, it proved damaging to the Hawaiians.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN id="Kingdom_of_Hawai.CA.BBi"></SPAN><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Kingdom_of_Hawaiʻi">Kingdom of Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hawaii" title="Kingdom of Hawaii">Kingdom of Hawaii</A></DIV>
<H4><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="House_of_Kamehameha">House of Kamehameha</SPAN></H4>
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Kamehameha I conquered the Hawaiian Islands and established a unified monarchy across the archipelago.</DIV>
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<P>During the 1780s, and 1790s, chiefs often fought for power. After a series of battles that ended in 1795, all inhabited islands were subjugated under a single ruler, who became known as <A href="/wiki/Kamehameha_I" title="Kamehameha I">King Kamehameha the Great</A>. He established the <A href="/wiki/House_of_Kamehameha" title="House of Kamehameha">House of Kamehameha</A>, a dynasty that ruled the kingdom until 1872.<SUP id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-67">[65]</A></SUP></P>
<P>After <A href="/wiki/Kamehameha_II" title="Kamehameha II">Kamehameha II</A> inherited the throne in 1819, American Protestant missionaries to Hawaii converted many Hawaiians to Christianity. They used their influence to end many traditional practices of the people.<SUP id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-68">[66]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-69">[67]</A></SUP> During the reign of King <A href="/wiki/Kamehameha_III" title="Kamehameha III">Kamehameha III</A>, Hawai'i turned into a Christian monarchy with the signing of the <A href="/wiki/1840_Constitution_of_the_Kingdom_of_Hawaii" title="1840 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii">1840 Constitution</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-70">[68]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Hiram_Bingham_I" title="Hiram Bingham I">Hiram Bingham I</A>, a prominent Protestant missionary, was a trusted adviser to the monarchy during this period. Other missionaries and their descendants became active in commercial and political affairs, leading to conflicts between the monarchy and its restive American subjects.<SUP id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-71">[69]</A></SUP> Catholic and Mormon missionaries were also active in the kingdom, but they converted a minority of the Native Hawaiian population.<SUP id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-72">[70]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-73">[71]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-74">[72]</A></SUP> Missionaries from each major group administered to the leper colony at Kalaupapa on Moloka<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i, which was established in 1866 and operated well into the 20th century. The best known were <A href="/wiki/Father_Damien" title="Father Damien">Father Damien</A> and <A href="/wiki/Mother_Marianne_Cope" class="mw-redirect" title="Mother Marianne Cope">Mother Marianne Cope</A>, both of whom were canonized in the early 21st century as Roman <A href="/wiki/Catholic_saints" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic saints">Catholic saints</A>.</P>
<P>The death of the bachelor <A href="/wiki/Kamehameha_V" title="Kamehameha V">King Kamehameha V</A>—who did not name an heir—resulted in the popular election of <A href="/wiki/Lunalilo" title="Lunalilo">Lunalilo</A> over <A href="/wiki/Kal%C4%81kaua" title="Kalākaua">Kalākaua</A>. Lunalilo died the next year, also without naming an heir. In 1874, the election was contested within the legislature between Kalākaua and <A href="/wiki/Queen_Emma_of_Hawaii" title="Queen Emma of Hawaii">Emma, Queen Consort of Kamehameha IV</A>. After riots broke out, the United States and Britain landed troops on the islands to restore order. <A href="/wiki/Kal%C4%81kaua" title="Kalākaua">King Kalākaua</A> was chosen as monarch by the <A href="/wiki/Legislature_of_the_Kingdom_of_Hawaii" title="Legislature of the Kingdom of Hawaii">Legislative Assembly</A> by a vote of 39 to 6 on February 12, 1874.<SUP id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-75">[73]</A></SUP></P>
<H4><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="1887_Constitution_and_overthrow_preparations">1887 Constitution and overthrow preparations</SPAN></H4>
<P>In 1887, Kalākaua was forced to sign the <A href="/wiki/1887_Constitution_of_the_Kingdom_of_Hawaii" title="1887 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii">1887 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii</A>. Drafted by white businessmen and lawyers, the document stripped the king of much of his authority. It established a property qualification for voting that effectively disenfranchised most Hawaiians and immigrant laborers and favored the wealthier, white elite. Resident whites were allowed to vote but resident Asians were not. As the 1887 Constitution was signed under threat of violence, it is known as the Bayonet Constitution. King Kalākaua, reduced to a figurehead, reigned until his death in 1891. His sister, Queen <A href="/wiki/Liliuokalani" title="Liliuokalani">Lili<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>uokalani</A>, succeeded him; she was the last monarch of Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i.<SUP id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-76">[74]</A></SUP></P>
<P>In 1893, Queen Lili<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>uokalani announced plans for a new constitution to proclaim herself an absolute monarch. On January 14, 1893, a group of mostly Euro-American business leaders and residents formed the <A href="/wiki/Committee_of_Safety_(Hawaii)" title="Committee of Safety (Hawaii)">Committee of Safety</A> to stage a <A href="/wiki/Overthrow_of_the_Kingdom_of_Hawaii" title="Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii">coup d'état</A> against the kingdom and seek annexation by the United States. United States Government Minister <A href="/wiki/John_L._Stevens" title="John L. Stevens">John L. Stevens</A>, responding to a request from the Committee of Safety, summoned a company of U.S. Marines. The Queen's soldiers did not resist. According to historian William Russ, the monarchy was unable to protect itself.<SUP id="cite_ref-Adam_77-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Adam-77">[75]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN id="Overthrow_of_1893_.E2.80.93_the_Republic_of_Hawaii_.281894.E2.80.931898.29"></SPAN><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Overthrow_of_1893_–_the_Republic_of_Hawaii_(1894–1898)">Overthrow of 1893 – the Republic of Hawaii (1894–1898)</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <A href="/wiki/Overthrow_of_the_Kingdom_of_Hawaii" title="Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii">Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii</A> and <A href="/wiki/Republic_of_Hawaii" title="Republic of Hawaii">Republic of Hawaii</A></DIV>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <A href="/wiki/List_of_Hawaiian_sovereignty_movement_groups#Historical_–_Royalist_Organizations_(from_1880s)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Hawaiian sovereignty movement groups">List of Hawaiian sovereignty movement groups § Historical – Royalist Organizations (from 1880s)</A></DIV>
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<A href="/wiki/Liliuokalani" title="Liliuokalani">Queen Lili<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>uokalani</A>, the last reigning monarch of the Hawaiian Kingdom.</DIV>
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The <A href="/wiki/Iolani_Palace" class="mw-redirect" title="Iolani Palace"><SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>Iolani Palace</A> in <A href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu</A>, formerly the residence of the Hawaiian monarch, was the capitol of the Republic of Hawaii.</DIV>
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<P>In January 1893, Queen Lili<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>uokalani was overthrown and replaced by a provisional government composed of members of the Committee of Safety. Lawyer <A href="/wiki/Sanford_B._Dole" title="Sanford B. Dole">Sanford B. Dole</A>, a citizen of Hawaii, became President of the Republic when the <A href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Hawaii" title="Provisional Government of Hawaii">Provisional Government of Hawaii</A> ended on July 4, 1894. Controversy ensued in the following years as the Queen tried to regain her throne. The administration of President <A href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</A> commissioned the <A href="/wiki/Blount_Report" title="Blount Report">Blount Report</A>, which concluded that the removal of Lili<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>uokalani had been illegal. The U.S. government first demanded that Queen Lili<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>uokalani be reinstated, but the Provisional Government refused.</P>
<P>Congress conducted an independent investigation, and on February 26, 1894, submitted the <A href="/wiki/Morgan_Report" title="Morgan Report">Morgan Report</A>, which found all parties, including Minister Stevens—with the exception of the Queen—"not guilty" and not responsible for the coup.<SUP id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-78">[76]</A></SUP> Partisans on both sides of the debate questioned the accuracy and impartiality of both the Blount and Morgan reports over the events of 1893.<SUP id="cite_ref-Adam_77-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Adam-77">[75]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-79">[77]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-80">[78]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-HDAICS_81-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-HDAICS-81">[79]</A></SUP></P>
<P>In 1993, the US Congress passed a joint <A href="/wiki/Apology_Resolution" title="Apology Resolution">Apology Resolution</A> regarding the overthrow; it was signed by President <A href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</A>. The resolution did not apologize and did not say the overthrow was illegal. It "acknowledges that the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii occurred with the active participation of agents and citizens of the United States and further acknowledges that the Native Hawaiian people never directly relinquished to the United States their claims to their inherent sovereignty as a people over their national lands, either through the Kingdom of Hawaii or through a plebiscite or referendum". <SUP id="cite_ref-HDAICS_81-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-HDAICS-81">[79]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN id="Annexation_.E2.80.93_the_Territory_of_Hawaii_.281898.E2.80.931959.29"></SPAN><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Annexation_–_the_Territory_of_Hawaii_(1898–1959)"><SPAN id="annexation"></SPAN>Annexation – the Territory of Hawaii (1898–1959)</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Territory_of_Hawaii" title="Territory of Hawaii">Territory of Hawaii</A></DIV>
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In 1899 Uncle Sam balances his new possessions, which are depicted as savage children. The figures are <A href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</A>, Hawaii, <A href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</A>, <A href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</A> and "Ladrones" (the <A href="/wiki/Mariana_Islands" title="Mariana Islands">Mariana Islands</A>).</DIV>
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<P>After <A href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">William McKinley</A> won the 1896 U.S. presidential election, advocates pressed to annex the Republic of Hawaii. The previous president, Grover Cleveland, was a friend of Queen Lili<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>uokalani. McKinley was open to persuasion by U.S. expansionists and by annexationists from Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i. He met with three annexationists: <A href="/wiki/Lorrin_A._Thurston" title="Lorrin A. Thurston">Lorrin A. Thurston</A>, Francis March Hatch and <A href="/wiki/William_Ansel_Kinney" title="William Ansel Kinney">William Ansel Kinney</A>. After negotiations in June 1897, Secretary of State <A href="/wiki/John_Sherman_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Sherman (politician)">John Sherman</A> agreed to a treaty of annexation with these representatives of the Republic of Hawaii.<SUP id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-82">[80]</A></SUP> The <A href="/wiki/U.S._Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Senate">U.S. Senate</A> never ratified the treaty. Despite the opposition of most native Hawaiians,<SUP id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-83">[81]</A></SUP> the <A href="/wiki/Newlands_Resolution" title="Newlands Resolution">Newlands Resolution</A> was used to annex the Republic to the U.S.; it became the <A href="/wiki/Territory_of_Hawaii" title="Territory of Hawaii">Territory of Hawaii</A>. The Newlands Resolution was passed by the House on June 15, 1898, by 209 votes in favor to 91 against, and by the Senate on July 6, 1898, by a vote of 42 to 21.<SUP id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-84">[82]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-85">[83]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-86">[84]</A></SUP></P>
<P>In 1900, Hawaii was granted self-governance and retained <A href="/wiki/Iolani_Palace" class="mw-redirect" title="Iolani Palace"><SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>Iolani Palace</A> as the territorial capitol building. Despite several attempts to become a state, Hawaii remained a territory for 60 years. Plantation owners and capitalists, who maintained control through financial institutions such as the <A href="/wiki/Big_Five_(Hawaii)" title="Big Five (Hawaii)">Big Five</A>, found territorial status convenient because they remained able to import cheap, foreign labor. Such immigration and labor practices were prohibited in many states.<SUP id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-87">[85]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-88">[86]</A></SUP></P>
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<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:USS_SHAW_exploding_Pearl_Harbor_Nara_80-G-16871_2.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="The USS Shaw explodes during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/USS_SHAW_exploding_Pearl_Harbor_Nara_80-G-16871_2.jpg/220px-USS_SHAW_exploding_Pearl_Harbor_Nara_80-G-16871_2.jpg" width="220" height="176" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/USS_SHAW_exploding_Pearl_Harbor_Nara_80-G-16871_2.jpg/330px-USS_SHAW_exploding_Pearl_Harbor_Nara_80-G-16871_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/USS_SHAW_exploding_Pearl_Harbor_Nara_80-G-16871_2.jpg/440px-USS_SHAW_exploding_Pearl_Harbor_Nara_80-G-16871_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1200" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:USS_SHAW_exploding_Pearl_Harbor_Nara_80-G-16871_2.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
The Japanese <A href="/wiki/Attack_on_Pearl_Harbor" title="Attack on Pearl Harbor">attack on Pearl Harbor</A> in 1941 was the primary event that galvanized<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Use_plain_English#Buzzwords" title="Wikipedia:Use plain English"><SPAN title="The material near this tag may use buzzwords designed solely to impress you or obscure meaning. (December 2017)">buzzword</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP> the United States into entering <A href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</A>.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<P><A href="/wiki/Puerto_Rican_immigration_to_Hawaii" title="Puerto Rican immigration to Hawaii">Puerto Rican immigration to Hawaii</A> began in 1899, when Puerto Rico's sugar industry was devastated by two hurricanes, causing a worldwide shortage of sugar and a huge demand for sugar from Hawaii. Hawaiian <A href="/wiki/Sugarcane" title="Sugarcane">sugarcane</A> <A href="/wiki/Sugar_plantations_in_Hawaii" title="Sugar plantations in Hawaii">plantation</A> owners began to recruit experienced, unemployed laborers in Puerto Rico. Two waves of <A href="/wiki/Korean_immigration_to_Hawaii" title="Korean immigration to Hawaii">Korean immigration to Hawaii</A> occurred in the 20th century. The first wave arrived between 1903 and 1924; the second wave began in 1965 after President <A href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</A> signed the <A href="/wiki/Immigration_and_Nationality_Act_of_1965" title="Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965">Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965</A>, which removed racial and national barriers and resulted in significantly altering the demographic mix in the U.S.<SUP id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-89">[87]</A></SUP></P>
<P>O<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ahu was the target of a surprise <A href="/wiki/Attack_on_Pearl_Harbor" title="Attack on Pearl Harbor">attack on Pearl Harbor</A> by <A href="/wiki/Imperial_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Japan">Imperial Japan</A> on December 7, 1941. The attack on Pearl Harbor and other military and naval installations, carried out by <A href="/wiki/Warplane" class="mw-redirect" title="Warplane">aircraft</A> and by <A href="/wiki/Midget_submarine" title="Midget submarine">midget submarines</A>, brought the United States into <A href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</A>.</P>
<H3><SPAN id="Political_changes_of_1954_.E2.80.93_the_State_of_Hawaii_.281959.E2.80.93present.29"></SPAN><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Political_changes_of_1954_–_the_State_of_Hawaii_(1959–present)">Political changes of 1954 – the State of Hawaii (1959–present)</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Democratic_Revolution_of_1954_(Hawaii)" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Revolution of 1954 (Hawaii)">Democratic Revolution of 1954 (Hawaii)</A></DIV>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <A href="/wiki/List_of_Hawaiian_sovereignty_movement_groups#Modern_–_Sovereignty_Organizations_(1960s–present)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Hawaiian sovereignty movement groups">List of Hawaiian sovereignty movement groups § Modern – Sovereignty Organizations (1960s–present)</A></DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Food-Hawaii-Canning._Native_girls_packing_pineapple_into_cans._-_NARA_-_522863.tif" class="image"><IMG alt="Three young women pack pineapples into cans in 1928." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Food-Hawaii-Canning._Native_girls_packing_pineapple_into_cans._-_NARA_-_522863.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Food-Hawaii-Canning._Native_girls_packing_pineapple_into_cans._-_NARA_-_522863.tif.jpg" width="220" height="177" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Food-Hawaii-Canning._Native_girls_packing_pineapple_into_cans._-_NARA_-_522863.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Food-Hawaii-Canning._Native_girls_packing_pineapple_into_cans._-_NARA_-_522863.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Food-Hawaii-Canning._Native_girls_packing_pineapple_into_cans._-_NARA_-_522863.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Food-Hawaii-Canning._Native_girls_packing_pineapple_into_cans._-_NARA_-_522863.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2418" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Food-Hawaii-Canning._Native_girls_packing_pineapple_into_cans._-_NARA_-_522863.tif" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
Prior to the postwar labor movement, Hawaii was governed by plantation owners. Here, three young women pack pineapples into cans in 1928.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<P>In the 1950s, the power of the plantation owners was broken by the descendants of immigrant laborers, who were born in Hawaii and were U.S. citizens. They voted against the <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_Republican_Party" title="Hawaii Republican Party">Hawaii Republican Party</A>, strongly supported by plantation owners. The new majority voted for the <A href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Hawaii" title="Democratic Party of Hawaii">Democratic Party of Hawaii</A>, which dominated territorial and state politics for more than 40 years. Eager to gain full representation in Congress and the Electoral College, residents actively campaigned for statehood. In Washington there was talk that Hawaii would be a Republican Party stronghold so it was matched with the admission of Alaska, seen as a Democratic Party stronghold. These predictions turned out to be inaccurate; today, Hawaii votes Democratic predominately, and Alaska votes Republican.<SUP id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-90">[88]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-91">[89]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-92">[90]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-93">[91]</A></SUP></P>
<P>In March 1959, Congress passed the <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_Admission_Act" title="Hawaii Admission Act">Hawaii Admission Act</A>, which U.S. President <A href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</A> signed into law.<SUP id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-94">[92]</A></SUP> The act excluded <A href="/wiki/Palmyra_Atoll" title="Palmyra Atoll">Palmyra Atoll</A> from statehood; it had been part of the Kingdom and Territory of Hawaii. On June 27, 1959, a referendum asked residents of Hawaii to vote on the statehood bill; 94.3% voted in favor of statehood and 5.7% opposed it.<SUP id="cite_ref-celebrating-50-years-of-statehood_95-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-celebrating-50-years-of-statehood-95">[93]</A></SUP> The referendum asked voters to choose between accepting the Act and remaining a U.S. territory. The United Nations' <A href="/wiki/Special_Committee_on_Decolonization" title="Special Committee on Decolonization">Special Committee on Decolonization</A> later removed Hawaii from <A href="/wiki/United_Nations_list_of_Non-Self-Governing_Territories" title="United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories">its list of non-self-governing territories</A>.</P>
<P>After attaining statehood, Hawaii quickly modernized through construction and a rapidly growing tourism economy. Later, state programs promoted Hawaiian culture.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_words" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Avoid weasel words"><SPAN title="The material near this tag possibly uses too vague attribution or weasel words. (March 2015)">which?</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP> The <A href="/wiki/1978_Hawaii_State_Constitutional_Convention" title="1978 Hawaii State Constitutional Convention">Hawaii State Constitutional Convention of 1978</A> created institutions such as the <A href="/wiki/Office_of_Hawaiian_Affairs" title="Office of Hawaiian Affairs">Office of Hawaiian Affairs</A> to promote indigenous language and culture.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Demographics">Demographics</SPAN></H2>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Population">Population</SPAN></H3>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:252px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Hawaii_population_map.png" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Hawaii_population_map.png/250px-Hawaii_population_map.png" width="250" height="250" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Hawaii_population_map.png/375px-Hawaii_population_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Hawaii_population_map.png/500px-Hawaii_population_map.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Hawaii_population_map.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
Population density map of the Hawaiian islands</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_statistical_areas" title="Hawaii statistical areas">Hawaii statistical areas</A></DIV>
<P>After Europeans and mainland Americans first arrived during the <A href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hawaii" title="Kingdom of Hawaii">Kingdom of Hawaii</A> period, the overall population of Hawaii, until that time composed solely of indigenous Hawaiians, fell dramatically. The indigenous Hawaiian population succumbed to foreign diseases, declining from 300,000 in the 1770s, to 60,000 in the 1850s, to 24,000 in 1920. The population of Hawaii began to finally increase after an influx of primarily Asian settlers that arrived as migrant laborers at the end of the 19th<SPAN class="nowrap"> </SPAN>century.<SUP id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-96">[94]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The unmixed indigenous Hawaiian population has still not restored itself to its 300,000 pre-contact level. As of 2010, only 156,000 persons declared themselves to be of Native Hawaiian only ancestry, just over half of the pre-contact level Native Hawaiian population, although an additional 371,000 persons declared themselves to possess Native Hawaiian ancestry in combination with one or more other races (including other Polynesian groups, but mostly Asian and/or Caucasian).</P>
<P>The <A href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</A> estimates the population of Hawaii was 1,431,603 on July 1, 2015; an increase of 5.2% since the <A href="/wiki/2010_United_States_Census" title="2010 United States Census">2010 United States Census</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-PopEstUS_97-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-PopEstUS-97">[95]</A></SUP></P>
<P>As of 2014<SUP class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hawaii&action=edit">[update]</A></SUP>, Hawaii had an estimated population of 1,431,603; an increase of 12,042 from the previous year and an increase of 71,302 (5.2%) since 2010. This includes a natural increase of 48,111 (96,028 births minus 47,917 deaths) and an increase due to net migration of 16,956 people into the state. Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 30,068; migration within the country produced a net loss of 13,112 people.</P>
<P>The center of population of Hawaii is located between the two islands of <A href="/wiki/O%27ahu" class="mw-redirect" title="O'ahu">O'ahu</A> and <A href="/wiki/Moloka%27i" class="mw-redirect" title="Moloka'i">Moloka'i</A>. Large numbers of Native Hawaiians have moved to <A href="/wiki/Las_Vegas" title="Las Vegas">Las Vegas</A>, which has been called the "ninth island" of Hawaii.<SUP id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-98">[96]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-99">[97]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Hawaii has a <I>de facto</I> population of over 1.4<SPAN class="nowrap"> </SPAN>million, due in part to a large number of military personnel and tourist residents. <A href="/wiki/O%27ahu" class="mw-redirect" title="O'ahu">O'ahu</A> is the most populous island; it has the highest population density with a resident population of just under one million in 597 square miles (1,546 km<SUP>2</SUP>), approximately 1,650 people per square mile.<SUP id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-100">[c]</A></SUP><SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP> Hawaii's 1.4<SPAN class="nowrap"> </SPAN>million residents, spread across 6,000 square miles (15,500 km<SUP>2</SUP>) of land, result in an average population density of 188.6 persons per square mile.<SUP id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-101">[98]</A></SUP> The state has a lower population density than <A href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</A> and <A href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-USCB_density_102-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-USCB_density-102">[99]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The average projected lifespan of people born in Hawaii in 2000 is 79.8 years; 77.1 years if male, 82.5 if female—longer than the average lifespan of any other <A href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">U.S. state</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-103">[100]</A></SUP> As of 2011<SUP class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hawaii&action=edit">[update]</A></SUP> the U.S. military reported it had 42,371 personnel on the islands.<SUP id="cite_ref-Hawaii_mil_104-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Hawaii_mil-104">[101]</A></SUP></P>
<TABLE class="wikitable">
<CAPTION>Historical population<SUP id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-105">[102]</A></SUP></CAPTION>
<TBODY><TR>
<TH>Year</TH>
<TH>Population</TH>
<TH>Notes</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>1778</TD>
<TD>300,000</TD>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>1805</TD>
<TD>264,160</TD>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>1831</TD>
<TD>130,313</TD>
<TD>Census</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>1850</TD>
<TD>82,000</TD>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>1853</TD>
<TD>73,134</TD>
<TD>2,119 foreigners</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>1872</TD>
<TD>56,897</TD>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>1876</TD>
<TD>53,900</TD>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>1884</TD>
<TD>80,000</TD>
<TD>The native population continues to decline.</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>1890</TD>
<TD>40,000 native Hawaiians</TD>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>1900</TD>
<TD>154,001</TD>
<TD>About 25% Hawaiian/part-Hawaiian; 40% Japanese; 16% Chinese; 12% Portuguese; and about 5% other Caucasian</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>1910</TD>
<TD>191,874</TD>
<TD>26,041 Hawaiians and 12,056 part-Hawaiians</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>1920</TD>
<TD>255,881</TD>
<TD>43% of the population is of Japanese descent.</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>1930</TD>
<TD>368,336</TD>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>1940</TD>
<TD>420,770</TD>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>1950</TD>
<TD>499,794</TD>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>1960</TD>
<TD>632,772</TD>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>1970</TD>
<TD>769,913</TD>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>1980</TD>
<TD>964,691</TD>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>1990</TD>
<TD>1,108,228</TD>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>2000</TD>
<TD>1,211,537</TD>
<TD>239,655 native Hawaiians; Japanese: 21%; Filipino: 18%; Chinese: 8%; German: 6%</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>2010</TD>
<TD>1,360,301</TD>
<TD>10% Native Hawaiians or other Pacific Islanders; Two or more races may include some of the remainder</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Ancestry">Ancestry</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <A href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiians" title="Native Hawaiians">Native Hawaiians</A>, <A href="/wiki/White_Americans_in_Hawaii" class="mw-redirect" title="White Americans in Hawaii">White Americans in Hawaii</A>, <A href="/wiki/Africans_in_Hawaii" title="Africans in Hawaii">Africans in Hawaii</A>, and <A href="/wiki/Japanese_in_Hawaii" title="Japanese in Hawaii">Japanese in Hawaii</A></DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Hermann_A._Widemann_and_family,_ca._1860s.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Hermann_A._Widemann_and_family%2C_ca._1860s.jpg/220px-Hermann_A._Widemann_and_family%2C_ca._1860s.jpg" width="220" height="154" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Hermann_A._Widemann_and_family%2C_ca._1860s.jpg/330px-Hermann_A._Widemann_and_family%2C_ca._1860s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Hermann_A._Widemann_and_family%2C_ca._1860s.jpg/440px-Hermann_A._Widemann_and_family%2C_ca._1860s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1053" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Hermann_A._Widemann_and_family,_ca._1860s.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
Mixed Hawaiian/European-American family in Honolulu, 1860s</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<TABLE class="toccolours" style="border-spacing: 1px; float: right; clear: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; text-align:right">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH colspan="4" class="navbox-title" style="padding-right:3px; padding-left:3px; font-size:110%; text-align:center">Historical population</TH>
</TR>
<TR style="font-size:95%">
<TH style="text-align:center; border-bottom:1px solid black">Census</TH>
<TH style="text-align:center; border-bottom:1px solid black"><ABBR title="Population">Pop.</ABBR></TH>
<TH style="text-align:center; border-bottom:1px solid black"></TH>
<TH style="text-align:center; border-bottom:1px solid black"><ABBR title="Percent change">%±</ABBR></TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:center"><B><A href="/wiki/1900_United_States_Census" title="1900 United States Census">1900</A></B></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px;">154,001</TD>
<TD style="font-size:85%"></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px; text-align: center;">—</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:center"><B><A href="/wiki/1910_United_States_Census" title="1910 United States Census">1910</A></B></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px;">191,874</TD>
<TD style="font-size:85%"></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px; text-align: center;">24.6%</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:center"><B><A href="/wiki/1920_United_States_Census" title="1920 United States Census">1920</A></B></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px;">255,881</TD>
<TD style="font-size:85%"></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px; text-align: center;">33.4%</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:center"><B><A href="/wiki/1930_United_States_Census" title="1930 United States Census">1930</A></B></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px;">368,300</TD>
<TD style="font-size:85%"></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px; text-align: center;">43.9%</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:center"><B><A href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Census" title="1940 United States Census">1940</A></B></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px;">422,770</TD>
<TD style="font-size:85%"></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px; text-align: center;">14.8%</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:center"><B><A href="/wiki/1950_United_States_Census" title="1950 United States Census">1950</A></B></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px;">499,794</TD>
<TD style="font-size:85%"></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px; text-align: center;">18.2%</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:center"><B><A href="/wiki/1960_United_States_Census" title="1960 United States Census">1960</A></B></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px;">632,772</TD>
<TD style="font-size:85%"></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px; text-align: center;">26.6%</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:center"><B><A href="/wiki/1970_United_States_Census" title="1970 United States Census">1970</A></B></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px;">769,913</TD>
<TD style="font-size:85%"></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px; text-align: center;">21.7%</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:center"><B><A href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Census" title="1980 United States Census">1980</A></B></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px;">964,691</TD>
<TD style="font-size:85%"></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px; text-align: center;">25.3%</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:center"><B><A href="/wiki/1990_United_States_Census" title="1990 United States Census">1990</A></B></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px;">1,108,229</TD>
<TD style="font-size:85%"></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px; text-align: center;">14.9%</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:center"><B><A href="/wiki/2000_United_States_Census" title="2000 United States Census">2000</A></B></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px;">1,211,537</TD>
<TD style="font-size:85%"></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px; text-align: center;">9.3%</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:center"><B><A href="/wiki/2010_United_States_Census" title="2010 United States Census">2010</A></B></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px;">1,360,301</TD>
<TD style="font-size:85%"></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px; text-align: center;">12.3%</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:center"><B>Est. 2017</B></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px;">1,427,538</TD>
<TD style="font-size:85%"></TD>
<TD style="padding-left:8px; text-align: center;">4.9%</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="4" style="border-top:1px solid black; font-size:85%; text-align:center">Source: 1910–2010<SUP id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-106">[103]</A></SUP><BR />
2015 estimate<SUP id="cite_ref-PopEstUS_97-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-PopEstUS-97">[95]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
<P>According to the 2010 United States Census, Hawaii had a population of 1,360,301. The state's population identified as 38.6% <A href="/wiki/Asian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian American">Asian</A>; 24.7% <A href="/wiki/White_American" class="mw-redirect" title="White American">White</A> (22.7% Non-Hispanic White Alone); 23.6% from two or more races; 10.0% Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders; 8.9% <A href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanics</A> and Latinos of any race; 1.6% Black or African American; 1.2% from some other race; and 0.3% Native American and Alaska Native.<SUP id="cite_ref-Hawaii_QuickFacts_107-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Hawaii_QuickFacts-107">[104]</A></SUP></P>
<TABLE class="wikitable sortable collapsible jquery-tablesorter" id="collapsibleTable5">
<CAPTION>Hawaii racial breakdown of population</CAPTION>
<THEAD><TR>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending"><SPAN class="collapseButton">[<A id="collapseButton5" href="#">hide</A>]</SPAN>Racial composition</TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">1970<SUP id="cite_ref-census_108-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-census-108">[105]</A></SUP></TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">1990<SUP id="cite_ref-census_108-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-census-108">[105]</A></SUP></TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">2000<SUP id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-109">[106]</A></SUP></TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">2010<SUP id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-110">[107]</A></SUP></TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">est. 2015<SUP id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-111">[108]</A></SUP></TH>
</TR></THEAD><TBODY>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/White_American" class="mw-redirect" title="White American">White</A></TD>
<TD>38.8%</TD>
<TD>33.4%</TD>
<TD>24.3%</TD>
<TD>24.7%</TD>
<TD>26.7%</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Asian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian American">Asian</A></TD>
<TD rowspan="2">57.7%</TD>
<TD rowspan="2">61.8%</TD>
<TD>41.6%</TD>
<TD>38.6%</TD>
<TD>37.3%</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiian" class="mw-redirect" title="Native Hawaiian">Native Hawaiian</A> and<BR />
<A href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander" title="Pacific Islander">other Pacific Islander</A></TD>
<TD>9.4%</TD>
<TD>10.0%</TD>
<TD>9.9%</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">Black</A></TD>
<TD>1.0%</TD>
<TD>2.5%</TD>
<TD>1.8%</TD>
<TD>1.6%</TD>
<TD>2.6%</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American and Alaskan native</A></TD>
<TD>0.1%</TD>
<TD>0.5%</TD>
<TD>0.3%</TD>
<TD>0.3%</TD>
<TD>0.5%</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census" title="Race and ethnicity in the United States Census">Other race</A></TD>
<TD>2.4%</TD>
<TD>1.9%</TD>
<TD>1.2%</TD>
<TD>1.2%</TD>
<TD>—</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Multiracial_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiracial American">Two or more races</A></TD>
<TD>–</TD>
<TD>–</TD>
<TD>21.4%</TD>
<TD>23.6%</TD>
<TD>23.0%</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY><TFOOT></TFOOT></TABLE>
<P>Hawaii has the highest percentage of Asian Americans and multiracial Americans and the lowest percentage of White Americans of any state. It is the only state where Asian Americans identify as the largest ethnic group. In 2011, 14.5% of births were to white, non-Hispanic parents.<SUP id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-112">[109]</A></SUP> Hawaii's Asian population consists mainly of 198,000 (14.6%) Filipino Americans, 185,000 (13.6%) Japanese Americans, roughly 55,000 (4.0%) Chinese Americans, and 24,000 (1.8%) <A href="/wiki/Korean_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean American">Korean Americans</A>.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP> There are over 80,000 Indigenous Hawaiians—5.9% of the population.<SUP id="cite_ref-US_Census_Bureau_113-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-US_Census_Bureau-113">[110]</A></SUP> Including those with partial ancestry, Samoan Americans constitute 2.8% of Hawaii's population, and Tongan Americans constitute 0.6%.<SUP id="cite_ref-American_FactFinder_114-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-American_FactFinder-114">[111]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Over 120,000 (8.8%) Hispanic and Latino Americans live in Hawaii. Mexican Americans number over 35,000 (2.6%); Puerto Ricans exceed 44,000 (3.2%). Multiracial Americans constitute almost 25% of Hawaii's population, exceeding 320,000 people. Eurasian Americans are a prominent mixed-race group, numbering about 66,000 (4.9%). The Non-Hispanic White population numbers around 310,000—just over 20% of the population. The multi-racial population outnumbers the non-Hispanic white population by about 10,000 people.<SUP id="cite_ref-US_Census_Bureau_113-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-US_Census_Bureau-113">[110]</A></SUP> In 1970, the Census Bureau reported Hawaii's population was 38.8% white and 57.7% Asian and Pacific Islander.<SUP id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-115">[112]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The five largest European ancestries in Hawaii are German (7.4%), Irish (5.2%), English (4.6%), Portuguese (4.3%) and Italian (2.7%). About 82.2% of the state's residents were born in the United States. Roughly 75% of foreign-born residents originate in Asia. Hawaii is a <A href="/wiki/Majority-minority_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Majority-minority state">majority-minority state</A>. It was expected to be one of three states that will not have a non-Hispanic white plurality in 2014; the other two are <A href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</A> and <A href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-116">[113]</A></SUP></P>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Early_Japanese_immigrants_to_Hawaii.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Early_Japanese_immigrants_to_Hawaii.jpg/220px-Early_Japanese_immigrants_to_Hawaii.jpg" width="220" height="115" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Early_Japanese_immigrants_to_Hawaii.jpg/330px-Early_Japanese_immigrants_to_Hawaii.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Early_Japanese_immigrants_to_Hawaii.jpg/440px-Early_Japanese_immigrants_to_Hawaii.jpg 2x" data-file-width="766" data-file-height="400" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Early_Japanese_immigrants_to_Hawaii.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
Japanese immigration to Hawaii was largely fueled by the high demand for plantation labor in Hawaii post-annexation.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Portuguese_immigrant_family_in_Hawaii_during_the_19th_century.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Portuguese_immigrant_family_in_Hawaii_during_the_19th_century.jpg/220px-Portuguese_immigrant_family_in_Hawaii_during_the_19th_century.jpg" width="220" height="175" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Portuguese_immigrant_family_in_Hawaii_during_the_19th_century.jpg/330px-Portuguese_immigrant_family_in_Hawaii_during_the_19th_century.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Portuguese_immigrant_family_in_Hawaii_during_the_19th_century.jpg/440px-Portuguese_immigrant_family_in_Hawaii_during_the_19th_century.jpg 2x" data-file-width="629" data-file-height="500" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Portuguese_immigrant_family_in_Hawaii_during_the_19th_century.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
Many Portuguese immigrants were <A href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azorean</A> or <A href="/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira">Madeiran</A>. They brought with them Roman Catholicism and Portuguese language and cuisine.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Hawaii_racial_and_ethnic_map.svg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Hawaii_racial_and_ethnic_map.svg/220px-Hawaii_racial_and_ethnic_map.svg.png" width="220" height="128" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Hawaii_racial_and_ethnic_map.svg/330px-Hawaii_racial_and_ethnic_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Hawaii_racial_and_ethnic_map.svg/440px-Hawaii_racial_and_ethnic_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="274" data-file-height="160" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Hawaii_racial_and_ethnic_map.svg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
Map of the largest racial/ethnic group by county. Red indicates Native Hawaiian, blue indicates non-Hispanic white, and green indicates Asian. Darker shades indicate a higher proportion of the population.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<TABLE class="wikitable sortable jquery-tablesorter">
<CAPTION><B>Population of Hawaii</B><SUP id="cite_ref-factfinder.census.gov_117-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-factfinder.census.gov-117">[114]</A></SUP></CAPTION>
<THEAD><TR style="background:#efefef;">
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Ancestry</TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Percentage</TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Main article:</TH>
</TR></THEAD><TBODY>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Filipino</A></TD>
<TH>13.6%</TH>
<TD><I>See <A href="/wiki/Filipinos_in_Hawaii" title="Filipinos in Hawaii">Filipinos in Hawaii</A></I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Japanese_people" title="Japanese people">Japanese</A></TD>
<TH>12.6%</TH>
<TD><I>See <A href="/wiki/Japanese_in_Hawaii" title="Japanese in Hawaii">Japanese in Hawaii</A></I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Polynesia" title="Polynesia">Polynesian</A></TD>
<TH>9.0%</TH>
<TD><I>See <A href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiians" title="Native Hawaiians">Native Hawaiians</A></I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Germans" title="Germans">Germans</A></TD>
<TH>7.4%</TH>
<TD><I>See <A href="/wiki/German_American" class="mw-redirect" title="German American">German American</A></I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Irish_people" title="Irish people">Irish</A></TD>
<TH>5.2%</TH>
<TD><I>See <A href="/wiki/Irish_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish American">Irish American</A></I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/English_people" title="English people">English</A></TD>
<TH>4.6%</TH>
<TD><I>See <A href="/wiki/English_American" class="mw-redirect" title="English American">English American</A></I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portuguese</A></TD>
<TH>4.3%</TH>
<TD><I>See <A href="/wiki/Portuguese_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Portuguese American">Portuguese American</A></I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/China" title="China">Chinese</A></TD>
<TH>4.1%</TH>
<TD><I>See <A href="/wiki/Chinese_in_Hawaii" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese in Hawaii">Chinese in Hawaii</A></I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korean</A></TD>
<TH>3.1%</TH>
<TD><I>See <A href="/wiki/Korean_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean American">Korean American</A></I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexican</A></TD>
<TH>2.9%</TH>
<TD><I>See <A href="/wiki/Mexican_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexican American">Mexican American</A></I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rican</A></TD>
<TH>2.8%</TH>
<TD><I>See <A href="/wiki/Puerto_Rican_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rican American">Puerto Rican</A></I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italian</A></TD>
<TH>2.7%</TH>
<TD><I>See <A href="/wiki/Italian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian American">Italian American</A></I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">African</A></TD>
<TH>2.4%</TH>
<TD><I>See <A href="/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">African American</A></I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/France" title="France">French</A></TD>
<TH>1.7%</TH>
<TD><I>See <A href="/wiki/French_American" class="mw-redirect" title="French American">French American</A></I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/America_Samoa" class="mw-redirect" title="America Samoa">Samoan</A></TD>
<TH>1.3%</TH>
<TD><I>See <A href="/wiki/Samoan_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Samoan American">Samoan American</A></I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scottish</A></TD>
<TH>1.2%</TH>
<TD><I>See <A href="/wiki/Scottish_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish American">Scottish American</A></I></TD>
</TR>
</TBODY><TFOOT></TFOOT></TABLE>
<P>The third group of foreigners to arrive in Hawaii were from China. Chinese workers on Western trading ships settled in Hawaii starting in 1789. In 1820, the first American missionaries arrived to preach Christianity and teach the Hawaiians Western ways.<SUP id="cite_ref-Charles_Williams_118-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Charles_Williams-118">[115]</A></SUP> As of 2015<SUP class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hawaii&action=edit">[update]</A></SUP>, a large proportion of Hawaii's population have Asian ancestry—especially Filipino, Japanese and Chinese. Many are descendants of immigrants brought to work on the sugarcane plantations in the mid-to-late 19th century. The first 153 Japanese immigrants arrived in Hawaii on June 19, 1868. They were not approved by the then-current Japanese government because the contract was between a broker and the <A href="/wiki/Tokugawa_shogunate" title="Tokugawa shogunate">Tokugawa shogunate</A>—by then replaced by the <A href="/wiki/Meiji_Restoration" title="Meiji Restoration">Meiji Restoration</A>. The first Japanese current-government-approved immigrants arrived on February 9, 1885, after Kalākaua's petition to <A href="/wiki/Emperor_Meiji" title="Emperor Meiji">Emperor Meiji</A> when Kalākaua visited Japan in 1881.<SUP id="cite_ref-Goto_119-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Goto-119">[116]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-Wao+Lani_120-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Wao+Lani-120">[117]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Almost 13,000 Portuguese migrants had arrived by 1899; they also worked on the sugarcane plantations.<SUP id="cite_ref-Hoffman_121-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Hoffman-121">[118]</A></SUP> By 1901, over 5,000 Puerto Ricans were living in Hawaii.<SUP id="cite_ref-López_122-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-López-122">[119]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Languages">Languages</SPAN></H3>
<P><A href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</A> (<A href="/wiki/General_American" title="General American">General American</A>) and <A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_language" title="Hawaiian language">Hawaiian</A> are listed as Hawaii's "official languages" in the state's 1978 constitution. Article XV, Section 4 specifies that "Hawaiian shall be required for public acts and transactions only as provided by law". <A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Pidgin" title="Hawaiian Pidgin">Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i Creole English</A>, locally referred to as "Pidgin", is the native language of many native residents and is a second language for many others.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<P>As of the 2000 Census, 73.4% of Hawaii residents aged five and older exclusively speak English at home.<SUP id="cite_ref-mla_123-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-mla-123">[120]</A></SUP> According to the 2008 American Community Survey, 74.6% of Hawaii's residents over the age of five speak only English at home.<SUP id="cite_ref-factfinder.census.gov_117-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-factfinder.census.gov-117">[114]</A></SUP> In their homes, 21.0% of state residents speak an additional <A href="/wiki/Languages_of_Asia" title="Languages of Asia">Asian language</A>, 2.6% speak Spanish, 1.6% speak other <A href="/wiki/Indo-European_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-European language">Indo-European languages</A> and 0.2% speak another language.<SUP id="cite_ref-factfinder.census.gov_117-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-factfinder.census.gov-117">[114]</A></SUP></P>
<P>After English, other languages popularly spoken in the state are <A href="/wiki/Tagalog_language" title="Tagalog language">Tagalog</A>, Japanese and <A href="/wiki/Ilocano_language" title="Ilocano language">Ilocano</A>. Significant numbers of European immigrants and their descendants also speak their native languages; the most numerous are German, Portuguese, Italian and French.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP> 5.4% of residents speak Tagalog—which includes non-native speakers of <A href="/wiki/Filipino_language" title="Filipino language">Filipino language</A>, the national, co-official, Tagalog-based language; 5.0% speak Japanese and 4.0% speak Ilocano; 1.2% speak Chinese, 1.7% speak Hawaiian; 1.7% speak Spanish; 1.6% speak <A href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean</A>; and 1.0% speak <A href="/wiki/Samoan_language" title="Samoan language">Samoan</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-mla_123-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-mla-123">[120]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The keyboard layout used for Hawaiian is <A href="/wiki/QWERTY" title="QWERTY">QWERTY</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-124">[121]</A></SUP></P>
<H4><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Hawaiian">Hawaiian</SPAN></H4>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_language" title="Hawaiian language">Hawaiian language</A></DIV>
<P>The Hawaiian language has about 2,000 native speakers, about 0.15% of the total population.<SUP id="cite_ref-Lyovin_125-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Lyovin-125">[122]</A></SUP> According to the <A href="/wiki/United_States_Census" title="United States Census">United States Census</A>, there were over 24,000 total speakers of the language in Hawaii in 2006–2008.<SUP id="cite_ref-Census_Bureau_Hawaiian_Speaker_estimate_126-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Census_Bureau_Hawaiian_Speaker_estimate-126">[123]</A></SUP> Hawaiian is a Polynesian member of the <A href="/wiki/Austronesian_languages" title="Austronesian languages">Austronesian language family</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-Lyovin_125-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Lyovin-125">[122]</A></SUP> It is closely related to other <A href="/wiki/Polynesian_languages" title="Polynesian languages">Polynesian languages</A>, such as <A href="/wiki/Marquesan_language" title="Marquesan language">Marquesan</A>, <A href="/wiki/Tahitian_language" title="Tahitian language">Tahitian</A>, <A href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_language" title="Māori language">Māori</A>, <A href="/wiki/Rapa_Nui_language" title="Rapa Nui language">Rapa Nui</A> (the language of <A href="/wiki/Easter_Island" title="Easter Island">Easter Island</A>), and less closely to <A href="/wiki/Samoan_language" title="Samoan language">Samoan</A> and <A href="/wiki/Tongan_language" title="Tongan language">Tongan</A>.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<P>According to Schütz, the Marquesans colonized the archipelago in roughly 300 CE<SUP id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-127">[124]</A></SUP> and were later followed by waves of seafarers from the <A href="/wiki/Society_Islands" title="Society Islands">Society Islands</A>, <A href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa</A> and <A href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</A>.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<P>These Polynesians remained in the islands; they eventually became the Hawaiian people and <A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_language#Family_and_origin" title="Hawaiian language">their languages</A> evolved into the Hawaiian language.<SUP id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-128">[125]</A></SUP> Kimura and Wilson say, "[l]inguists agree that Hawaiian is closely related to Eastern Polynesian, with a particularly strong link in the Southern Marquesas, and a secondary link in Tahiti, which may be explained by voyaging between the Hawaiian and Society Islands".<SUP id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-129">[126]</A></SUP> Before the arrival of Captain James Cook, the Hawaiian language had no written form. That form was developed mainly by American Protestant missionaries between 1820 and 1826. They assigned to the Hawaiian phonemes letters from the Latin alphabet.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<P>Interest in Hawaiian increased significantly in the late 20th century. With the help of the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, specially designated immersion schools in which all subjects would be taught in Hawaiian were established. The <A href="/wiki/University_of_Hawaii_System" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Hawaii System">University of Hawaii</A> developed a Hawaiian language graduate studies program. Municipal codes were altered to favor Hawaiian place and street names for new civic developments.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP> <A href="/wiki/Hawai%27i_Sign_Language" title="Hawai'i Sign Language">Hawai'i Sign Language</A>, a <A href="/wiki/Sign_language" title="Sign language">sign language</A> for the deaf based on the Hawaiian language, has been in use in the islands since the early 1800s. It is dwindling in numbers due to <A href="/wiki/American_Sign_Language" title="American Sign Language">American Sign Language</A> supplanting HSL through schooling and various other domains.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<P>Hawaiian distinguishes between <A href="/wiki/Vowel_length" title="Vowel length">long and short vowel sounds</A>. In modern practice, vowel length is indicated with a <A href="/wiki/Macron_(diacritic)" title="Macron (diacritic)">macron</A> (<I><A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_language#Orthography_(writing_system)" title="Hawaiian language">kahakō</A></I>). Hawaiian-language newspapers (<I>nūpepa</I>) published from 1834 to 1948 and traditional native speakers of Hawaiian generally omit the marks in their own writing. The <SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>okina and kahakō are intended to help non-native speakers.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP> The Hawaiian language uses the <A href="/wiki/Glottal_stop" title="Glottal stop">glottal stop</A> (<I><A href="/wiki/%CA%BBOkina" title="ʻOkina"><SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>okina</A></I>) as a consonant. It is written as a symbol similar to the apostrophe or left-hanging (opening) single quotation mark.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<H4><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Hawaiian_Pidgin">Hawaiian Pidgin</SPAN></H4>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Pidgin" title="Hawaiian Pidgin">Hawaiian Pidgin</A></DIV>
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<DIV class="mbox-text-span">This section <B>does not <A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</A> any <A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</A></B>. <SPAN class="hide-when-compact">Please help <A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hawaii&action=edit">improve this section</A> by <A href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing_with_Wiki_Markup/1" title="Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1">adding citations to reliable sources</A>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</A>.</SPAN> <SMALL><I>(May 2015)</I></SMALL> <SMALL class="hide-when-compact"><I>(<A href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this template message</A>)</I></SMALL></DIV>
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<P>Some residents of Hawaii speak <A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Pidgin" title="Hawaiian Pidgin">Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i Creole English</A> (HCE), endonymically called <I>pidgin</I> or <I>pidgin English</I>. The lexicon of HCE derives mainly from English but also uses words that have derived from Hawaiian, Chinese, Japanese, Portuguese, Ilocano and Tagalog. During the 19th century, the increase in immigration—mainly from China, Japan, Portugal—especially from the <A href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azores</A> and <A href="/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira">Madeira</A>, and Spain—catalyzed the development of a hybrid variant of English known to its speakers as <I>pidgin</I>. By the early 20th century, pidgin speakers had children who acquired it as their first language. HCE speakers use some Hawaiian words without those words being considered archaic.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><SPAN title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (March 2015)">clarification needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP> Most place names are retained from Hawaiian, as are some names for plants and animals. For example, tuna fish is often called by its Hawaiian name, <I>ahi</I>.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<P>HCE speakers have modified the meanings of some English words. For example, "aunty" and "uncle" may either refer to any adult who is a friend or be used to show respect to an elder. <A href="/wiki/Syntax" title="Syntax">Syntax</A> and <A href="/wiki/Grammar" title="Grammar">grammar</A> follow distinctive rules different from those of General American English. For example, instead of "it is hot today, isn't it?", an HCE speaker would say simply "stay hot, eh?"<SUP id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-130">[d]</A></SUP> The term <I><A href="/wiki/Da_kine" title="Da kine">da kine</A></I> is used as a <A href="/wiki/Filler_(linguistics)" title="Filler (linguistics)">filler</A>; a substitute for virtually any word or phrase. During the <A href="/wiki/Surfing" title="Surfing">surfing</A> boom in Hawaii, HCE was influenced by surfer slang. Some HCE expressions, such as <I>brah</I> and <I>da kine</I>, have found their ways elsewhere through surfing communities.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Religion">Religion</SPAN></H3>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Perspective_view_of_northwest_elevation_-_Makiki_Christian_Church,_829_Pensacola_Street,_Honolulu,_Honolulu_County,_HI_HABS_HI-533-1.tif" class="image"><IMG alt="The façade of a Christian church in downtown Honolulu." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Perspective_view_of_northwest_elevation_-_Makiki_Christian_Church%2C_829_Pensacola_Street%2C_Honolulu%2C_Honolulu_County%2C_HI_HABS_HI-533-1.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Perspective_view_of_northwest_elevation_-_Makiki_Christian_Church%2C_829_Pensacola_Street%2C_Honolulu%2C_Honolulu_County%2C_HI_HABS_HI-533-1.tif.jpg" width="220" height="160" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Perspective_view_of_northwest_elevation_-_Makiki_Christian_Church%2C_829_Pensacola_Street%2C_Honolulu%2C_Honolulu_County%2C_HI_HABS_HI-533-1.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Perspective_view_of_northwest_elevation_-_Makiki_Christian_Church%2C_829_Pensacola_Street%2C_Honolulu%2C_Honolulu_County%2C_HI_HABS_HI-533-1.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Perspective_view_of_northwest_elevation_-_Makiki_Christian_Church%2C_829_Pensacola_Street%2C_Honolulu%2C_Honolulu_County%2C_HI_HABS_HI-533-1.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Perspective_view_of_northwest_elevation_-_Makiki_Christian_Church%2C_829_Pensacola_Street%2C_Honolulu%2C_Honolulu_County%2C_HI_HABS_HI-533-1.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5278" data-file-height="3832" /></A>
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<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Perspective_view_of_northwest_elevation_-_Makiki_Christian_Church,_829_Pensacola_Street,_Honolulu,_Honolulu_County,_HI_HABS_HI-533-1.tif" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
The Makiki Christian Church in Honolulu heavily draws upon <A href="/wiki/Japanese_architecture" title="Japanese architecture">Japanese architecture</A>.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<P>Christianity is the most widespread religion in Hawaii. It is mainly represented by various <A href="/wiki/Protestants" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestants">Protestants</A>, <A href="/wiki/Catholics" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholics">Catholics</A> and <A href="/wiki/Mormons" title="Mormons">Mormons</A>. <A href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</A> is the second most popular religion, especially among the archipelago's Japanese community. Unaffilliated account for one-quarter of the population.</P>
<P>The largest denominations by number of adherents were the Catholic Church with 249,619 adherents in 2010<SUP id="cite_ref-www.thearda.com_131-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-www.thearda.com-131">[127]</A></SUP> and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints with 68,128 adherents in 2009.<SUP id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-132">[128]</A></SUP> The third-largest religious group includes all non-denominational churches, with 128 congregations and 32,000 members. The third-largest denominational group is the <A href="/wiki/United_Church_of_Christ" title="United Church of Christ">United Church of Christ</A>, with 115 congregations and 20,000 members. The Southern Baptist Convention has 108 congregations and 18,000 members in Hawaii.<SUP id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-133">[129]</A></SUP></P>
<P>According to data provided by religious establishments, religion in Hawaii in 2000 was distributed as follows:<SUP id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-134">[130]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-135">[131]</A></SUP></P>
<DIV class="div-col columns column-count column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2;">
<UL>
<LI>Christianity: 351,000 (29%)</LI>
<LI>Buddhism: 110,000 (9%)</LI>
<LI>Judaism: 10,000 (1%)</LI>
<LI>Other: 100,000 (10%)<SUP id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-136">[α]</A></SUP></LI>
<LI>Unaffiliated: 650,000 (51%)<SUP id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-137">[β]</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
<DIV class="reflist" style="list-style-type: lower-greek;">
<DIV class="mw-references-wrap">
<OL class="references">
<LI id="cite_note-136"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-136"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">"Other" refers to religions other than Christianity, Buddhism, or Judaism; this group includes <A href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%27%C3%AD_Faith" title="Bahá'í Faith">Bahá'í Faith</A>, <A href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucianism</A>, <A href="/wiki/Daoism" class="mw-redirect" title="Daoism">Daoism</A>, the <A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_religion" title="Hawaiian religion">Hawaiian religion</A>, <A href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</A>, <A href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</A>, <A href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</A>, <A href="/wiki/Shintoism" class="mw-redirect" title="Shintoism">Shintoism</A>, <A href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrianism</A>, and other religions.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-137"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-137"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">"Unaffiliated" refers to people who do not belong to a congregation; this group includes agnostics, <A href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">atheists</A>, <A href="/wiki/Humanism" title="Humanism">humanists</A>, <A href="/wiki/Deist" class="mw-redirect" title="Deist">deists</A> and the <A href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">irreligious</A>.</SPAN></LI>
</OL>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<P>A <A href="/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew</A> poll found that the religious composition was as follows:</P>
<TABLE class="wikitable sortable jquery-tablesorter">
<CAPTION style="font-size:100%">Religious affiliation in Hawaii (2014)<SUP id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-138">[132]</A></SUP></CAPTION>
<THEAD><TR>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Affiliation</TH>
<TH colspan="2" class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">% of Hawai'i's population</TH>
</TR></THEAD><TBODY>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</A></TD>
<TD align="right"><B>63</B></TD>
<TD align="left"><SPAN style="display:none;">63</SPAN>
<DIV style="width:126px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;background:darkblue"> </DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:left; text-indent:15px;"><A href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</A></TD>
<TD align="right"><B>38</B></TD>
<TD align="left"><SPAN style="display:none;">38</SPAN>
<DIV style="width:76px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;background:mediumblue"> </DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:left; text-indent:30px;"><A href="/wiki/Evangelical_Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical Protestant">Evangelical Protestant</A></TD>
<TD align="right"><B>25</B></TD>
<TD align="left"><SPAN style="display:none;">25</SPAN>
<DIV style="width:50px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;background:lightblue"> </DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:left; text-indent:30px;"><A href="/wiki/Mainline_Protestant" title="Mainline Protestant">Mainline Protestant</A></TD>
<TD align="right"><B>11</B></TD>
<TD align="left"><SPAN style="display:none;">11</SPAN>
<DIV style="width:22px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;background:lightblue"> </DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:left; text-indent:30px;"><A href="/wiki/Black_church" title="Black church">Black church</A></TD>
<TD align="right"><B>2</B></TD>
<TD align="left"><SPAN style="display:none;">2</SPAN>
<DIV style="width:4px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;background:lightblue"> </DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:left; text-indent:15px;"><A href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</A></TD>
<TD align="right"><B>20</B></TD>
<TD align="left"><SPAN style="display:none;">20</SPAN>
<DIV style="width:40px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;background:mediumblue"> </DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:left; text-indent:15px;"><A href="/wiki/Mormon" class="mw-redirect" title="Mormon">Mormon</A></TD>
<TD align="right"><B>3</B></TD>
<TD align="left"><SPAN style="display:none;">3</SPAN>
<DIV style="width:6px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;background:mediumblue"> </DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:left; text-indent:15px;"><A href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</A></TD>
<TD align="right"><B>1</B></TD>
<TD align="left"><SPAN style="display:none;">1</SPAN>
<DIV style="width:2px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;background:mediumblue"> </DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:left; text-indent:15px;"><A href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Orthodox">Eastern Orthodox</A></TD>
<TD align="right"><B>0.5</B></TD>
<TD align="left"><SPAN style="display:none;">0.5</SPAN>
<DIV style="width:1px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;background:mediumblue"> </DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:left; text-indent:15px;">Other Christian</TD>
<TD align="right"><B>1</B></TD>
<TD align="left"><SPAN style="display:none;">1</SPAN>
<DIV style="width:2px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;background:mediumblue"> </DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">Unaffiliated</A></TD>
<TD align="right"><B>26</B></TD>
<TD align="left"><SPAN style="display:none;">26</SPAN>
<DIV style="width:52px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;background:purple"> </DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:left; text-indent:15px;">Nothing in particular</TD>
<TD align="right"><B>20</B></TD>
<TD align="left"><SPAN style="display:none;">20</SPAN>
<DIV style="width:40px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;background:#A020F0"> </DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:left; text-indent:15px;"><A href="/wiki/Agnosticism" title="Agnosticism">Agnostic</A></TD>
<TD align="right"><B>5</B></TD>
<TD align="left"><SPAN style="display:none;">5</SPAN>
<DIV style="width:10px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;background:#A020F0"> </DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:left; text-indent:15px;"><A href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">Atheist</A></TD>
<TD align="right"><B>2</B></TD>
<TD align="left"><SPAN style="display:none;">2</SPAN>
<DIV style="width:4px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;background:#A020F0"> </DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Non-Christian faiths</TD>
<TD align="right"><B>10</B></TD>
<TD align="left"><SPAN style="display:none;">10</SPAN>
<DIV style="width:20px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;background:darkgreen"> </DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:left; text-indent:15px;"><A href="/wiki/Jewish" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish">Jewish</A></TD>
<TD align="right"><B>0.5</B></TD>
<TD align="left"><SPAN style="display:none;">0.5</SPAN>
<DIV style="width:1px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;background:lightgreen"> </DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:left; text-indent:15px;"><A href="/wiki/Muslim" title="Muslim">Muslim</A></TD>
<TD align="right"><B>0.5</B></TD>
<TD align="left"><SPAN style="display:none;">0.5</SPAN>
<DIV style="width:1px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;background:lightgreen"> </DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:left; text-indent:15px;"><A href="/wiki/Buddhist" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhist">Buddhist</A></TD>
<TD align="right"><B>8</B></TD>
<TD align="left"><SPAN style="display:none;">8</SPAN>
<DIV style="width:16px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;background:lightgreen"> </DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:left; text-indent:15px;"><A href="/wiki/Hindu" title="Hindu">Hindu</A></TD>
<TD align="right"><B>0.5</B></TD>
<TD align="left"><SPAN style="display:none;">0.5</SPAN>
<DIV style="width:1px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;background:lightgreen"> </DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD style="text-align:left; text-indent:15px;">Other Non-Christian faiths</TD>
<TD align="right"><B>0.5</B></TD>
<TD align="left"><SPAN style="display:none;">0.5</SPAN>
<DIV style="width:1px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;background:lightgreen"> </DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>Don't know</TD>
<TD align="right"><B>1</B></TD>
<TD align="left"><SPAN style="display:none;">1</SPAN>
<DIV style="width:2px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;background:#A020F0"> </DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><B>Total</B></TD>
<TD><B>100</B></TD>
<TD align="left"><SPAN style="display:none;">100</SPAN>
<DIV style="width:200px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;background:grey"> </DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
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<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Birth_data">Birth data</SPAN></H3>
<P><I>Note: Births in table don't add up, because Hispanics are counted both by their ethnicity and by their race, giving a higher overall number.</I></P>
<TABLE class="wikitable">
<CAPTION>Live births by race/ethnicity of mother</CAPTION>
<TBODY><TR>
<TH><A href="/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census" title="Race and ethnicity in the United States Census">Race</A></TH>
<TH>2013<SUP id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-139">[133]</A></SUP></TH>
<TH>2014<SUP id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-140">[134]</A></SUP></TH>
<TH>2015<SUP id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-141">[135]</A></SUP></TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</A></TD>
<TD>12,203 (64.3%)</TD>
<TD>11,535 (62.2%)</TD>
<TD>11,443 (62.1%)</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/White_Americans" title="White Americans">White</A>:</TD>
<TD>6,045 (31.8%)</TD>
<TD>6,368 (34.3%)</TD>
<TD>6,322 (34.3%)</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>> <SMALL><A href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_whites" title="Non-Hispanic whites">Non-Hispanic white</A></SMALL></TD>
<TD><SMALL>4,940 (26.0%)</SMALL></TD>
<TD><SMALL>4,881 (26.3%)</SMALL></TD>
<TD><SMALL>4,803 (26.1%)</SMALL></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">Black</A></TD>
<TD>671 (3.5%)</TD>
<TD>617 (3.3%)</TD>
<TD>620 (3.3%)</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native</A></TD>
<TD>68 (0.3%)</TD>
<TD>30 (0.2%)</TD>
<TD>35 (0.2%)</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic</A> (of any race)</TD>
<TD>3,003 (15.8%)</TD>
<TD>2,764 (14.9%)</TD>
<TD>2,775 (15.1%)</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><B>Total Hawai'i</B></TD>
<TD><B>18,987</B> (100%)</TD>
<TD><B>18,550</B> (100%)</TD>
<TD><B>18,420</B> (100%)</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="LGBT">LGBT</SPAN></H3>
<P>Hawaii has had a long history of <A href="/wiki/Queer" title="Queer">queer</A> identities. <I>Māhū</I> people, who often traversed gender as defined by Western standards, were a respected group of pre-colonization people who were widely known in society as healers. Another Hawaiian word, <I>aikāne</I>, referred to same-sex relationships. According to journals written by Captain Cook's crew, it is widely believed that many <I>ali<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</I> engaged in <I>aikāne</I> relationships. Hawaiian scholar <A href="/wiki/Lilikal%C4%81_Kame%CA%BBeleihiwa" title="Lilikalā Kameʻeleihiwa">Lilikalā Kame<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>eleihiwa</A> said, "If you didn't sleep with a man, how could you trust him when you went into battle? How would you know if he was going to be the warrior that would protect you at all costs, if he wasn't your lover?"<SUP id="cite_ref-mahu_142-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-mahu-142">[136]</A></SUP></P>
<P>A 2012 poll by Gallup found that Hawaii had the largest proportion of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) adults in the U.S., at 5.1%, comprising an estimated adult LGBT population of 53,966 individuals. The number of same-sex couple households in 2010 was 3,239; a 35.5% increase of figures from a decade earlier.<SUP id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-143">[137]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-144">[138]</A></SUP> In 2013, Hawaii became the fifteenth U.S. state to legalize same-sex marriage; a University of Hawaii researcher said the law may boost tourism by $217 million.<SUP id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-145">[139]</A></SUP></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Economy">Economy</SPAN></H2>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_locations_by_per_capita_income" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaii locations by per capita income">Hawaii locations by per capita income</A></DIV>
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<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Pineapple_field_near_Honolulu,_Hawaii,_1907_(CHS-418).jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="In a pineapple field, a laborer stands with his hat in hand." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Pineapple_field_near_Honolulu%2C_Hawaii%2C_1907_%28CHS-418%29.jpg/220px-Pineapple_field_near_Honolulu%2C_Hawaii%2C_1907_%28CHS-418%29.jpg" width="220" height="168" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Pineapple_field_near_Honolulu%2C_Hawaii%2C_1907_%28CHS-418%29.jpg/330px-Pineapple_field_near_Honolulu%2C_Hawaii%2C_1907_%28CHS-418%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Pineapple_field_near_Honolulu%2C_Hawaii%2C_1907_%28CHS-418%29.jpg/440px-Pineapple_field_near_Honolulu%2C_Hawaii%2C_1907_%28CHS-418%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5193" data-file-height="3961" /></A>
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Post-annexation, Hawaii's economy and demographic changes were shaped mostly by the agricultural sector's growth.</DIV>
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<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:172px;"><A href="/wiki/File:%27Two_Surfer_Girls%27_by_William_Fulton_Soare,_oil_on_canvas,_c._1935.JPG" class="image"><IMG alt="A painting of two white women surfing, circa 1935." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/%27Two_Surfer_Girls%27_by_William_Fulton_Soare%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_c._1935.JPG/170px-%27Two_Surfer_Girls%27_by_William_Fulton_Soare%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_c._1935.JPG" width="170" height="224" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/%27Two_Surfer_Girls%27_by_William_Fulton_Soare%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_c._1935.JPG/255px-%27Two_Surfer_Girls%27_by_William_Fulton_Soare%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_c._1935.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/%27Two_Surfer_Girls%27_by_William_Fulton_Soare%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_c._1935.JPG/340px-%27Two_Surfer_Girls%27_by_William_Fulton_Soare%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_c._1935.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2176" data-file-height="2872" /></A>
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From the end of World War II onwards, depictions and photographs, such as this, of Hawaii as a tropical, leisure paradise encouraged the growth of tourism in Hawaii, which eventually became the largest industry of the islands.</DIV>
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<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:US_Navy_111218-N-RI884-097_The_U.S._Pacific_Fleet_Marching_Band_participates_in_a_parade_through_downtown_Waikiki_honoring_Japanese-American_vetera.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="An American soldier at Schofield Barracks." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/US_Navy_111218-N-RI884-097_The_U.S._Pacific_Fleet_Marching_Band_participates_in_a_parade_through_downtown_Waikiki_honoring_Japanese-American_vetera.jpg/220px-US_Navy_111218-N-RI884-097_The_U.S._Pacific_Fleet_Marching_Band_participates_in_a_parade_through_downtown_Waikiki_honoring_Japanese-American_vetera.jpg" width="220" height="156" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/US_Navy_111218-N-RI884-097_The_U.S._Pacific_Fleet_Marching_Band_participates_in_a_parade_through_downtown_Waikiki_honoring_Japanese-American_vetera.jpg/330px-US_Navy_111218-N-RI884-097_The_U.S._Pacific_Fleet_Marching_Band_participates_in_a_parade_through_downtown_Waikiki_honoring_Japanese-American_vetera.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/US_Navy_111218-N-RI884-097_The_U.S._Pacific_Fleet_Marching_Band_participates_in_a_parade_through_downtown_Waikiki_honoring_Japanese-American_vetera.jpg/440px-US_Navy_111218-N-RI884-097_The_U.S._Pacific_Fleet_Marching_Band_participates_in_a_parade_through_downtown_Waikiki_honoring_Japanese-American_vetera.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1702" /></A>
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The U.S. federal government's spending on Hawaii-stationed personnel, installations and materiel, either directly or through military personnel spending, amounts to Hawaii's second largest source of income, after tourism.</DIV>
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<P>The history of Hawaii's economy can be traced through a succession of dominant industries; <A href="/wiki/Sandalwood" title="Sandalwood">sandalwood</A>,<SUP id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-146">[140]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Whaling" title="Whaling">whaling</A>,<SUP id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-147">[141]</A></SUP> sugarcane, <A href="/wiki/Pineapple" title="Pineapple">pineapple</A>, the military, tourism and education. Since statehood in 1959, tourism has been the largest industry, contributing 24.3% of the gross state product (GSP) in 1997, despite efforts to diversify. The state's gross output for 2003 was <SPAN style="white-space: nowrap">US$47</SPAN><SPAN class="nowrap"> </SPAN>billion; per capita income for Hawaii residents in 2014 was <SPAN style="white-space: nowrap">US$54,516</SPAN>.<SUP id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-148">[142]</A></SUP> Hawaiian exports include food and clothing. These industries play a small role in the Hawaiian economy, due to the shipping distance to viable markets, such as the West Coast of the contiguous U.S. The state's food exports include coffee, macadamia nuts, pineapple, livestock, sugarcane and honey.<SUP id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-149">[143]</A></SUP></P>
<P>By weight, honey bees may be the state's most valuable export.<SUP id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-150">[144]</A></SUP> According to the Hawaii Agricultural Statistics Service, agricultural sales were <SPAN style="white-space: nowrap">US$370.9</SPAN><SPAN class="nowrap"> </SPAN>million from diversified agriculture, <SPAN style="white-space: nowrap">US$100.6</SPAN><SPAN class="nowrap"> </SPAN>million from pineapple, and <SPAN style="white-space: nowrap">US$64.3</SPAN><SPAN class="nowrap"> </SPAN>million from sugarcane. Hawaii's relatively consistent climate has attracted the seed industry, which is able to test three generations of crops per year on the islands, compared with one or two on the mainland.<SUP id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-151">[145]</A></SUP> Seeds yielded <SPAN style="white-space: nowrap">US$264</SPAN> million in 2012, supporting 1,400 workers.<SUP id="cite_ref-ny1310_152-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ny1310-152">[146]</A></SUP></P>
<P>As of December 2015, the state's unemployment rate was 3.2%.<SUP id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-153">[147]</A></SUP> In 2009, the United States military spent <SPAN style="white-space: nowrap">US$12.2</SPAN><SPAN class="nowrap"> </SPAN>billion in Hawaii, accounting for 18% of spending in the state for that year. 75,000 United States Department of Defense personnel live in Hawaii.<SUP id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-154">[148]</A></SUP> According to a 2013 study by Phoenix Marketing International, Hawaii had the fourth-largest number of millionaires per capita in the United States, with a ratio of 7.2%.<SUP id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-155">[149]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Taxation">Taxation</SPAN></H3>
<P>Hawaii residents pay the most per person in state taxes in the United States.<SUP id="cite_ref-taxes_156-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-taxes-156">[150]</A></SUP> Millions of tourists pay <A href="/wiki/Excise" title="Excise">general excise tax</A> and hotel room tax.<SUP id="cite_ref-taxes_156-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-taxes-156">[150]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The Hawaii Tax Foundation considers the state's tax burden too high, which it says contributes to higher prices and the perception of an unfriendly business climate.<SUP id="cite_ref-taxes_156-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-taxes-156">[150]</A></SUP></P>
<P><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_Senate" title="Hawaii Senate">State Senator</A> <A href="/wiki/Sam_Slom" title="Sam Slom">Sam Slom</A> says state taxes are comparatively higher than other states because the state government handles education, health care, and social services that are usually handled at a county or municipal level in most other states.<SUP id="cite_ref-taxes_156-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-taxes-156">[150]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Cost_of_living">Cost of living</SPAN></H3>
<P>The cost of living in Hawaii, specifically Honolulu, is high compared to that of most major U.S. cities, although it is 6.7% lower than in New York City and 3.6% lower than in San Francisco.<SUP id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-157">[151]</A></SUP> These numbers may not take into account some costs, such as increased travel costs for flights, additional shipping fees, and the loss of promotional participation opportunities for customers outside the contiguous U.S. While some online stores offer free shipping on orders to Hawaii,<SUP id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-158">[152]</A></SUP> many merchants exclude Hawaii, Alaska, Puerto Rico and certain other U.S. territories.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2014)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<P><A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Electric_Industries" title="Hawaiian Electric Industries">Hawaiian Electric Industries</A>, a privately owned company, provides 95% of the state's population with electricity, mostly from fossil-fuel power stations. Average electricity prices in October 2014 (36.41 cents per kilowatt-hour) were nearly three times the national average (12.58 cents per kilowatt-hour) and 80% higher than the second-highest state, Connecticut.<SUP id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-159">[153]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The median home value in Hawaii in the 2000 U.S. Census was <SPAN style="white-space: nowrap">US$272,700</SPAN>, while the national median home value was <SPAN style="white-space: nowrap">US$119,600</SPAN>. Hawaii home values were the highest of all states, including California with a median home value of <SPAN style="white-space: nowrap">US$211,500</SPAN>.<SUP id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-160">[154]</A></SUP> Research from the <A href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Realtors" title="National Association of Realtors">National Association of Realtors</A> places the 2010 median sale price of a single family home in Honolulu, Hawaii, at <SPAN style="white-space: nowrap">US$607,600</SPAN> and the U.S. median sales price at <SPAN style="white-space: nowrap">US$173,200</SPAN>. The sale price of single family homes in Hawaii was the highest of any U.S. city in 2010, just above that of the Silicon Valley area of California (<SPAN style="white-space: nowrap">US$602,000</SPAN>).<SUP id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-161">[155]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Hawaii's very high <A href="/wiki/Cost_of_living" title="Cost of living">cost of living</A> is the result of several interwoven factors of the global economy in addition to domestic U.S. government trade policy. Like other regions with desirable weather throughout the year, such as areas of <A href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</A>, <A href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</A> and <A href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</A>, Hawaii's residents can be considered to be subject to a "<A href="/wiki/Sunshine_tax" title="Sunshine tax">Sunshine tax</A>". This situation is further exacerbated by the natural factors of geography and world distribution that lead to higher prices for goods due to increased shipping costs, a problem which many <A href="/wiki/Island_country" title="Island country">island states and territories</A> suffer from as well. The situation is compounded even further by what could possibly be the single largest contributor to the high costs of living in Hawaii, a U.S. trade law known as the <A href="/wiki/Merchant_Marine_Act_of_1920" title="Merchant Marine Act of 1920">Jones Act, or the Merchant Marine Act of 1920</A>. This trade regulation prohibits any foreign-flagged ships from carrying cargo between two American ports—a practice known as <A href="/wiki/Cabotage" title="Cabotage">cabotage</A>. Most consumer goods in the United States are manufactured by <A href="/wiki/Outsourcing" title="Outsourcing">outsourced</A> labor in East Asia, then transported by <A href="/wiki/Container_ship" title="Container ship">container ships</A> to ports on the <A href="/wiki/Contiguous_United_States" title="Contiguous United States">U.S. mainland</A>, and Hawaii also receives the same goods. Being located in the central Pacific Ocean, right between major Pacific shipping lanes, it would be very economical to unload Hawaiian-bound goods in <A href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu</A>, before continuing on to the mainland. However, this would effectively make the second leg of the voyage between Hawaii and the mainland a domestic route between two American ports. Because most large cargo ships operate under <A href="/wiki/Flag_of_convenience" title="Flag of convenience">foreign "flags of convenience"</A> such as <A href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</A>, <A href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</A> or <A href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</A>, allowing them to avoid the more stringent, and thus more costly, regulations of developed nations' ports, the domestic leg of the voyage would be disallowed by the Jones Act. Instead, those cargo ships must proceed directly to the West Coast, where distributors <A href="/wiki/Break_bulk_cargo" title="Break bulk cargo">break bulk</A> and transport the Hawaiian-bound, Asian-manufactured goods back across the ocean by U.S.-flagged ships and increasing the length of the voyage by more than 50%. This highly inefficient system of shipping Hawaii's consumer cargo comes at a very hefty price for the average Hawaiian citizen, and makes the cost of living in Hawaii much, much higher than it would otherwise be.<SUP id="cite_ref-Keeping_up_with_the_Jones_Act_162-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Keeping_up_with_the_Jones_Act-162">[156]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-U.S._Law_Restricting_Foreign_Ships_Leads_to_Higher_Gas_Prices_163-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-U.S._Law_Restricting_Foreign_Ships_Leads_to_Higher_Gas_Prices-163">[157]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Hawaiian consumers ultimately bear the expense of transporting goods imposed by the Jones Act. This law makes Hawaii less competitive than West Coast ports as a shopping destination for tourists from countries with much higher taxes like Japan, even though prices for Asian-manufactured goods should be cheaper because Hawaii is much closer than mainland states to Asia.<SUP id="cite_ref-Star-Bulletin_on_Jones_Act_164-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Star-Bulletin_on_Jones_Act-164">[158]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-Slom_SR11_165-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Slom_SR11-165">[159]</A></SUP></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Culture">Culture</SPAN></H2>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_Native_Hawaiians" title="Culture of the Native Hawaiians">Culture of the Native Hawaiians</A></DIV>
<P>The aboriginal culture of Hawaii is Polynesian. Hawaii represents the northernmost extension of the vast <A href="/wiki/Polynesian_Triangle" title="Polynesian Triangle">Polynesian Triangle</A> of the south and central Pacific Ocean. While traditional Hawaiian culture remains as vestiges in modern Hawaiian society, there are re-enactments of the ceremonies and traditions throughout the islands. Some of these cultural influences, including the popularity (in greatly modified form) of <I><A href="/wiki/Luau" title="Luau">lū<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>au</A></I> and <I><A href="/wiki/Hula" title="Hula">hula</A></I>, are strong enough to affect the wider United States.</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Cuisine">Cuisine</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Hawaii" title="Cuisine of Hawaii">Cuisine of Hawaii</A></DIV>
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<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:172px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Man_with_a_Yoke_Carrying_Taro_by_Joseph_Strong,_oil_on_canvas_board,_1880,_Honolulu_Museum_of_Art,_accession_12692.1.JPG" class="image"><IMG alt="A painting of a man carrying taro by a yoke." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Man_with_a_Yoke_Carrying_Taro_by_Joseph_Strong%2C_oil_on_canvas_board%2C_1880%2C_Honolulu_Museum_of_Art%2C_accession_12692.1.JPG/170px-Man_with_a_Yoke_Carrying_Taro_by_Joseph_Strong%2C_oil_on_canvas_board%2C_1880%2C_Honolulu_Museum_of_Art%2C_accession_12692.1.JPG" width="170" height="226" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Man_with_a_Yoke_Carrying_Taro_by_Joseph_Strong%2C_oil_on_canvas_board%2C_1880%2C_Honolulu_Museum_of_Art%2C_accession_12692.1.JPG/255px-Man_with_a_Yoke_Carrying_Taro_by_Joseph_Strong%2C_oil_on_canvas_board%2C_1880%2C_Honolulu_Museum_of_Art%2C_accession_12692.1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Man_with_a_Yoke_Carrying_Taro_by_Joseph_Strong%2C_oil_on_canvas_board%2C_1880%2C_Honolulu_Museum_of_Art%2C_accession_12692.1.JPG/340px-Man_with_a_Yoke_Carrying_Taro_by_Joseph_Strong%2C_oil_on_canvas_board%2C_1880%2C_Honolulu_Museum_of_Art%2C_accession_12692.1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1846" data-file-height="2457" /></A>
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<A href="/wiki/Taro" title="Taro">Taro</A>, or in Hawaiian <I>kalo</I>, was one of the primary staples in Ancient Hawaii and remains a central ingredient in Hawaiian gastronomy today.</DIV>
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<P>The <A href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Hawaii" title="Cuisine of Hawaii">cuisine of Hawaii</A> is a fusion of many foods brought by immigrants to the Hawaiian Islands, including the earliest Polynesians and <A href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiian_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Native Hawaiian cuisine">Native Hawaiian cuisine</A>, and <A href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_United_States" title="Cuisine of the United States">American</A>, <A href="/wiki/Chinese_cuisine" title="Chinese cuisine">Chinese</A>, <A href="/wiki/Philippine_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine cuisine">Filipino</A>, <A href="/wiki/Japanese_cuisine" title="Japanese cuisine">Japanese</A>, <A href="/wiki/Korean_cuisine" title="Korean cuisine">Korean</A>, <A href="/wiki/Polynesian_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Polynesian cuisine">Polynesian</A> and <A href="/wiki/Portuguese_cuisine" title="Portuguese cuisine">Portuguese</A> origins. Plant and animal food sources are imported from around the world for agricultural use in Hawaii. <I><A href="/wiki/Poi_(food)" title="Poi (food)">Poi</A></I>, a starch made by pounding <A href="/wiki/Taro" title="Taro">taro</A>, is one of the traditional foods of the islands. Many local restaurants serve the ubiquitous <A href="/wiki/Plate_lunch" title="Plate lunch">plate lunch</A>, which features two scoops of rice, a simplified version of American <A href="/wiki/Macaroni_salad" title="Macaroni salad">macaroni salad</A> and a variety of toppings including <A href="/wiki/Hamburger" title="Hamburger">hamburger</A> patties, a fried egg, and <A href="/wiki/Gravy" title="Gravy">gravy</A> of a <I><A href="/wiki/Loco_moco" title="Loco moco">loco moco</A></I>, Japanese style <I><A href="/wiki/Tonkatsu" title="Tonkatsu">tonkatsu</A></I> or the traditional lū<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>au favorites, including <I><A href="/wiki/Kalua" title="Kalua">kālua</A></I> pork and <I><A href="/wiki/Laulau" title="Laulau">laulau</A></I>. <I><A href="/wiki/Spam_musubi" title="Spam musubi">Spam musubi</A></I> is an example of the fusion of ethnic cuisine that developed on the islands among the mix of immigrant groups and military personnel. In the 1990s, a group of chefs developed <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_regional_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaii regional cuisine">Hawaii regional cuisine</A> as a contemporary fusion cuisine.</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Customs_and_etiquette">Customs and etiquette</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Customs_and_etiquette_in_Hawaii" title="Customs and etiquette in Hawaii">Customs and etiquette in Hawaii</A></DIV>
<P>Some key customs and etiquette in Hawaii are as follows: when visiting a home, it is considered good manners to bring a small gift for one's host (for example, a dessert). Thus, parties are usually in the form of potlucks. Most locals take their shoes off before entering a home. It is customary for Hawaiian families, regardless of ethnicity, to hold a luau to celebrate a child's first birthday. It is also customary at Hawaiian weddings, especially at Filipino weddings, for the bride and groom to do a money dance (also called the <A href="/wiki/Pandanggo" title="Pandanggo">pandanggo</A>). Print media and local residents recommend that one refer to non-Hawaiians as "locals of Hawaii" or "people of Hawaii".</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Hawaiian_mythology">Hawaiian mythology</SPAN></H3>
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<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:172px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Ethnologisches_Museum_Dahlem_Berlin_Mai_2006_009.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Ethnologisches_Museum_Dahlem_Berlin_Mai_2006_009.jpg/170px-Ethnologisches_Museum_Dahlem_Berlin_Mai_2006_009.jpg" width="170" height="227" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Ethnologisches_Museum_Dahlem_Berlin_Mai_2006_009.jpg/255px-Ethnologisches_Museum_Dahlem_Berlin_Mai_2006_009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Ethnologisches_Museum_Dahlem_Berlin_Mai_2006_009.jpg/340px-Ethnologisches_Museum_Dahlem_Berlin_Mai_2006_009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2560" /></A>
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A stone carving of a Hawaiian deity, housed at a German museum.</DIV>
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<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaiian mythology">Hawaiian mythology</A></DIV>
<P>Hawaiian mythology comprises the legends, historical tales, and sayings of the ancient Hawaiian people. It is considered a variant of a more general <A href="/wiki/Polynesian_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Polynesian mythology">Polynesian mythology</A> that developed a unique character for several centuries before <I>circa</I> 1800. It is associated with the <A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_religion" title="Hawaiian religion">Hawaiian religion</A>, which was officially suppressed in the 19th century but was kept alive by some practitioners to the modern day.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP> Prominent figures and terms include <A href="/wiki/Aumakua" title="Aumakua">Aumakua</A>, the spirit of an ancestor or family god and <A href="/wiki/K%C4%81ne" title="Kāne">Kāne</A>, the highest of the four major Hawaiian deities.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Polynesian_mythology">Polynesian mythology</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Polynesian_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Polynesian mythology">Polynesian mythology</A></DIV>
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<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:172px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Tahiti-Oro.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Tahiti-Oro.jpg/170px-Tahiti-Oro.jpg" width="170" height="238" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Tahiti-Oro.jpg/255px-Tahiti-Oro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Tahiti-Oro.jpg/340px-Tahiti-Oro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="378" data-file-height="529" /></A>
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A sacred god figure wrapping for the war god <A href="/wiki/%27Oro" title="'Oro">'Oro</A>, made of woven dried coconut fibre (<A href="/wiki/Sennit" title="Sennit">sennit</A>), which would have protected a Polynesian god effigy (<I>to'o</I>), made of wood.</DIV>
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<P>Polynesian mythology is the <A href="/wiki/Oral_tradition" title="Oral tradition">oral traditions</A> of the people of Polynesia, a grouping of Central and South Pacific Ocean island <A href="/wiki/Archipelago" title="Archipelago">archipelagos</A> in the <A href="/wiki/Polynesian_triangle" class="mw-redirect" title="Polynesian triangle">Polynesian triangle</A> together with the scattered cultures known as the <A href="/wiki/Polynesian_outliers" class="mw-redirect" title="Polynesian outliers">Polynesian outliers</A>. Polynesians speak languages that descend from a language reconstructed as <A href="/wiki/Proto-Polynesian_language" title="Proto-Polynesian language">Proto-Polynesian</A> that was probably spoken in the area around Tonga and Samoa in around 1000 BCE.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<P>Prior to the 15th century, <A href="/wiki/Polynesian_culture" title="Polynesian culture">Polynesian people</A> migrated east to the <A href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</A>, and from there to other island groups such as Tahiti and the <A href="/wiki/Marquesas" class="mw-redirect" title="Marquesas">Marquesas</A>. Their descendants later discovered the islands Tahiti, Rapa Nui and later the Hawaiian Islands and New Zealand.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<P>The Polynesian languages are part of the Austronesian language family. Many are close enough in terms of vocabulary and grammar to be <A href="/wiki/Mutual_intelligibility" title="Mutual intelligibility">mutually intelligible</A>. There are also substantial cultural similarities between the various groups, especially in terms of social organization, childrearing, horticulture, building and textile technologies. Their mythologies in particular demonstrate local reworkings of commonly shared tales. The Polynesian cultures each have distinct but related oral traditions; legends or myths are traditionally considered to recount ancient history (the time of "pō") and the adventures of gods ("<A href="/wiki/Atua" title="Atua">atua</A>") and deified ancestors.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="List_of_state_parks">List of state parks</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/List_of_Hawaiian_state_parks" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Hawaiian state parks">List of Hawaiian state parks</A></DIV>
<P>There are <A href="/wiki/List_of_Hawaiian_state_parks" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Hawaiian state parks">many Hawaiian state parks</A>.</P>
<UL>
<LI>The <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_(island)" title="Hawaii (island)">Island of Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A> has state parks, recreation areas, and historical parks.</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kauai" title="Kauai">Kaua<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A> has the <A href="/wiki/Ahukini_State_Recreation_Pier" title="Ahukini State Recreation Pier">Ahukini State Recreation Pier</A>, six state parks, and the <A href="/wiki/Russian_Fort_Elizabeth_State_Historical_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Fort Elizabeth State Historical Park">Russian Fort Elizabeth State Historical Park</A>.</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Maui" title="Maui">Maui</A> has two state monuments, several state parks, and the <A href="/wiki/Polipoli_Spring_State_Recreation_Area" title="Polipoli Spring State Recreation Area">Polipoli Spring State Recreation Area</A>. <A href="/wiki/Moloka%E2%80%98i" class="mw-redirect" title="Moloka‘i">Moloka‘i</A> has the <A href="/wiki/Pala%27au_State_Park" title="Pala'au State Park">Pala'au State Park</A>.</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Oahu" title="Oahu">O<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ahu</A> has several state parks, a number of state recreation areas, and a number of monuments, including the <A href="/wiki/Ulu_P%C5%8D_Heiau_State_Monument" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulu Pō Heiau State Monument">Ulu Pō Heiau State Monument</A>.</LI>
</UL>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Literature">Literature</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Literature_in_Hawaii" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature in Hawaii">Literature in Hawaii</A></DIV>
<P>The literature of Hawaii is diverse and includes authors <A href="/wiki/Kiana_Davenport" title="Kiana Davenport">Kiana Davenport</A>, <A href="/wiki/Lois-Ann_Yamanaka" title="Lois-Ann Yamanaka">Lois-Ann Yamanaka</A>, and <A href="/wiki/Kaui_Hart_Hemmings" title="Kaui Hart Hemmings">Kaui Hart Hemmings</A>. Hawaiian magazines include <I><A href="/wiki/Hana_Hou!" title="Hana Hou!">Hana Hou!</A></I>, <I><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_Business_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaii Business Magazine">Hawaii Business Magazine</A></I> and <I><A href="/wiki/Honolulu_(magazine)" title="Honolulu (magazine)">Honolulu</A></I>, among others.</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Music">Music</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Music_of_Hawaii" title="Music of Hawaii">Music of Hawaii</A></DIV>
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<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Bonnaroo08_jackjohnson2_lg.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Bonnaroo08_jackjohnson2_lg.jpg/220px-Bonnaroo08_jackjohnson2_lg.jpg" width="220" height="147" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Bonnaroo08_jackjohnson2_lg.jpg/330px-Bonnaroo08_jackjohnson2_lg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Bonnaroo08_jackjohnson2_lg.jpg/440px-Bonnaroo08_jackjohnson2_lg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="536" /></A>
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<A href="/wiki/Jack_Johnson_(musician)" title="Jack Johnson (musician)">Jack Johnson</A>, folk rock musician, was born and raised on <A href="/wiki/North_Shore_(Oahu)" title="North Shore (Oahu)">Oahu's North Shore</A>.</DIV>
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<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:172px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Ch%C3%A3_das_Caldeiras-Musicien.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="A young man holds a small four-stringed instrument and strums." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Ch%C3%A3_das_Caldeiras-Musicien.jpg/170px-Ch%C3%A3_das_Caldeiras-Musicien.jpg" width="170" height="227" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Ch%C3%A3_das_Caldeiras-Musicien.jpg/255px-Ch%C3%A3_das_Caldeiras-Musicien.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Ch%C3%A3_das_Caldeiras-Musicien.jpg/340px-Ch%C3%A3_das_Caldeiras-Musicien.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3648" /></A>
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A young <A href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verdean</A> man plays the Portuguese <I><A href="/wiki/Cavaquinho" title="Cavaquinho">cavaquinho</A></I>, a four-stringed instrument from which the <A href="/wiki/Ukulele" title="Ukulele"><SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ukulele</A> is descended.</DIV>
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<P>The music of Hawaii includes traditional and popular styles, ranging from native Hawaiian folk music to modern <A href="/wiki/Rock_music" title="Rock music">rock</A> and <A href="/wiki/Hip_hop_music" title="Hip hop music">hip hop</A>. Hawaii's musical contributions to the <A href="/wiki/Music_of_the_United_States" title="Music of the United States">music of the United States</A> are out of proportion to the state's small size. Styles such as <A href="/wiki/Slack-key_guitar" title="Slack-key guitar">slack-key guitar</A> are well-known worldwide, while Hawaiian-tinged music is a frequent part of <A href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States" title="Cinema of the United States">Hollywood</A> soundtracks. Hawaii also made a major contribution to <A href="/wiki/Country_music" title="Country music">country music</A> with the introduction of the <A href="/wiki/Steel_guitar" title="Steel guitar">steel guitar</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-Unterberger_166-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Unterberger-166">[160]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Traditional Hawaiian folk music is a major part of the state's musical heritage. The Hawaiian people have inhabited the islands for centuries and have retained much of their traditional musical knowledge. Their music is largely religious in nature, and includes chanting and dance music. Hawaiian music has had an enormous impact on the <A href="/wiki/Polynesian_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Polynesian music">music of other Polynesian islands</A>; according to Peter Manuel, the influence of Hawaiian music a "unifying factor in the development of modern Pacific musics".<SUP id="cite_ref-Manuel_167-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Manuel-167">[161]</A></SUP> Native Hawaiian musician and Hawaiian sovereignty activist <A href="/wiki/Israel_Kamakawiwo%CA%BBole" title="Israel Kamakawiwoʻole">Israel Kamakawiwoʻole</A>, famous for his medley of "<A href="/wiki/Somewhere_Over_the_Rainbow/What_a_Wonderful_World" title="Somewhere Over the Rainbow/What a Wonderful World">Somewhere Over the Rainbow/What a Wonderful World</A>", was named "The Voice of Hawaii" by <A href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</A> in 2010 in its 50 great voices series.<SUP id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-168">[162]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Sports">Sports</SPAN></H3>
<P><A href="/wiki/Surfing" title="Surfing">Surfing</A> has been a central part of <A href="/wiki/Polynesian_culture" title="Polynesian culture">Polynesian culture</A> for centuries. Since the late 19th century, Hawaii has become a major site for surfists from around the world. Notable competitions include the <A href="/wiki/Triple_Crown_of_Surfing" title="Triple Crown of Surfing">Triple Crown of Surfing</A> and <A href="/wiki/The_Eddie" title="The Eddie">The Eddie</A>.</P>
<P>The only <A href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I" title="NCAA Division I">NCAA Division I</A> team in Hawaii is the <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_Rainbow_Warriors_and_Rainbow_Wahine" title="Hawaii Rainbow Warriors and Rainbow Wahine">Hawaii Rainbow Warriors and Rainbow Wahine</A>, which competes at the <A href="/wiki/Big_West_Conference" title="Big West Conference">Big West Conference</A> (major sports), <A href="/wiki/Mountain_West_Conference" title="Mountain West Conference">Mountain West Conference</A> (football) and <A href="/wiki/Mountain_Pacific_Sports_Federation" title="Mountain Pacific Sports Federation">Mountain Pacific Sports Federation</A> (minor sports). There are three teams in NCAA Division II: <A href="/wiki/Chaminade_Silverswords" title="Chaminade Silverswords">Chaminade Silverswords</A>, <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_Pacific_Sharks" title="Hawaii Pacific Sharks">Hawaii Pacific Sharks</A> and Hawaii-Hilo Vulcans, all of which compete at the <A href="/wiki/Pacific_West_Conference" title="Pacific West Conference">Pacific West Conference</A>.</P>
<P>Notable college sports events in Hawaii include the <A href="/wiki/Maui_Invitational_Tournament" title="Maui Invitational Tournament">Maui Invitational Tournament</A>, <A href="/wiki/Diamond_Head_Classic" title="Diamond Head Classic">Diamond Head Classic</A> (basketball) and <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_Bowl" title="Hawaii Bowl">Hawaii Bowl</A> (football).</P>
<P>Notable professional teams include <A href="/wiki/The_Hawaiians_(WFL)" title="The Hawaiians (WFL)">The Hawaiians</A>, which played at the <A href="/wiki/World_Football_League" title="World Football League">World Football League</A> in 1974 and 1975; the <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_Islanders" title="Hawaii Islanders">Hawaii Islanders</A>, a Triple-A minor league baseball team that played at the <A href="/wiki/Pacific_Coast_League" title="Pacific Coast League">Pacific Coast League</A> from 1961 to 1987; and <A href="/wiki/Team_Hawaii" title="Team Hawaii">Team Hawaii</A>, a <A href="/wiki/North_American_Soccer_League_(1968%E2%80%9384)" title="North American Soccer League (1968–84)">North American Soccer League</A> team that played in 1977.</P>
<P>Hawaii has hosted the <A href="/wiki/Sony_Open_in_Hawaii" title="Sony Open in Hawaii">Sony Open in Hawaii</A> golf tournament since 1965, the <A href="/wiki/Tournament_of_Champions_(golf)" title="Tournament of Champions (golf)">Tournament of Champions</A> golf tournament since 1999, the <A href="/wiki/Lotte_Championship" title="Lotte Championship">Lotte Championship</A> golf tournament since 2012, the <A href="/wiki/Honolulu_Marathon" title="Honolulu Marathon">Honolulu Marathon</A> since 1973, the <A href="/wiki/Ironman_World_Championship" title="Ironman World Championship">Ironman World Championship</A> triathlon race since 1978, the <A href="/wiki/Ultraman_(endurance_challenge)" title="Ultraman (endurance challenge)">Ultraman</A> triathlon since 1983, the <A href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</A>'s <A href="/wiki/Pro_Bowl" title="Pro Bowl">Pro Bowl</A> from 1980 to 2016, the <A href="/wiki/2000_FINA_World_Open_Water_Swimming_Championships" title="2000 FINA World Open Water Swimming Championships">2000 FINA World Open Water Swimming Championships</A>, and the <A href="/wiki/2008_Pan-Pacific_Championship" title="2008 Pan-Pacific Championship">2008 Pan-Pacific Championship</A> and <A href="/wiki/2012_Hawaiian_Islands_Invitational" title="2012 Hawaiian Islands Invitational">2012 Hawaiian Islands Invitational</A> soccer tournaments.</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Tourism">Tourism</SPAN></H2>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Hawaii" title="Tourism in Hawaii">Tourism in Hawaii</A></DIV>
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<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Punaluu_Beach_Park,_Big_Island,_Hawaii.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Punaluu_Beach_Park%2C_Big_Island%2C_Hawaii.jpg/220px-Punaluu_Beach_Park%2C_Big_Island%2C_Hawaii.jpg" width="220" height="156" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Punaluu_Beach_Park%2C_Big_Island%2C_Hawaii.jpg/330px-Punaluu_Beach_Park%2C_Big_Island%2C_Hawaii.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/Punaluu_Beach_Park%2C_Big_Island%2C_Hawaii.jpg 2x" data-file-width="380" data-file-height="270" /></A>
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<A href="/wiki/Punalu%27u_Beach" title="Punalu'u Beach">Punalu'u Beach</A> on the Big Island. <A href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Hawaii" title="Tourism in Hawaii">Tourism</A> is Hawaii's leading employer.</DIV>
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<P>Tourism is an important part of the Hawaiian economy. In 2003, according to state government data, there were over 6.4 million visitors, with expenditures of over $10 billion, to the Hawaiian Islands.<SUP id="cite_ref-DBEDT_2003_169-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-DBEDT_2003-169">[163]</A></SUP> Due to the mild year-round weather, tourist travel is popular throughout the year. The major holidays are the most popular times for outsiders to visit, especially in the winter months. Substantial numbers of Japanese tourists still visit the islands but have now been surpassed by Chinese and Koreans due to the collapse of the value of the Yen and the weak Japanese economy. The average Japanese stays only 5 days while other Asians spend over 9.5 days and spend 25% more.<SUP id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-170">[164]</A></SUP><SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<P>Hawaii hosts numerous cultural events. The annual <A href="/wiki/Merrie_Monarch_Festival" title="Merrie Monarch Festival">Merrie Monarch Festival</A> is an international Hula competition.<SUP id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-171">[165]</A></SUP> The <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_International_Film_Festival" title="Hawaii International Film Festival">Hawaii International Film Festival</A> is the premier film festival for Pacific rim cinema.<SUP id="cite_ref-Shane_Nelson_172-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Shane_Nelson-172">[166]</A></SUP> Honolulu hosts the state's long-running LGBT film festival, the <A href="/wiki/Rainbow_Film_Festival" title="Rainbow Film Festival">Rainbow Film Festival</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-173">[167]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-174" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-174">[168]</A></SUP></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Health">Health</SPAN></H2>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_Prepaid_Health_Care_Act" title="Hawaii Prepaid Health Care Act">Hawaii Prepaid Health Care Act</A></DIV>
<P>As of 2009<SUP class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hawaii&action=edit">[update]</A></SUP>, Hawaii's health care system insures 92% of residents. Under the state's plan, businesses are required to provide insurance to employees who work more than twenty hours per week. Heavy regulation of insurance companies helps reduce the cost to employers. Due in part to heavy emphasis on preventive care, Hawaiians require hospital treatment less frequently than the rest of the United States, while total health care expenses measured as a percentage of state GDP are substantially lower.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2014)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP> Proponents of <A href="/wiki/Universal_health_care" title="Universal health care">universal health care</A> elsewhere in the U.S. sometimes use Hawaii as a model for proposed federal and state health care plans.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2014)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Education">Education</SPAN></H2>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Public_schools">Public schools</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Hawai%27i_Department_of_Education" title="Hawai'i Department of Education">Hawai'i Department of Education</A></DIV>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <A href="/wiki/List_of_elementary_schools_in_Hawaii" title="List of elementary schools in Hawaii">List of elementary schools in Hawaii</A>, <A href="/wiki/List_of_middle_schools_in_Hawaii" title="List of middle schools in Hawaii">List of middle schools in Hawaii</A>, and <A href="/wiki/List_of_high_schools_in_Hawaii" title="List of high schools in Hawaii">List of high schools in Hawaii</A></DIV>
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<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Waianae_High_School_(5888481033).jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="Façade of a public high school." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Waianae_High_School_%285888481033%29.jpg/220px-Waianae_High_School_%285888481033%29.jpg" width="220" height="146" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Waianae_High_School_%285888481033%29.jpg/330px-Waianae_High_School_%285888481033%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Waianae_High_School_%285888481033%29.jpg/440px-Waianae_High_School_%285888481033%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1063" /></A>
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Waianae High School, located in <A href="/wiki/Waianae,_Hawaii" title="Waianae, Hawaii">Wai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>anae</A>, houses an educational community media center.</DIV>
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<P>Hawaii has the only school system within the U.S. that is unified statewide. Policy decisions are made by the fourteen-member state <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_Board_of_Education" title="Hawaii Board of Education">Board of Education</A>, which sets policy and hires the superintendent of schools, who oversees the state <A href="/wiki/Hawai%27i_Department_of_Education" title="Hawai'i Department of Education">Department of Education</A>. The Department of Education is divided into seven districts; four on O<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ahu and one for each of the other three counties. The main rationale for centralization is to combat inequalities between highly populated O<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ahu and the more rural Neighbor Islands, and between lower-income and more affluent areas.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<P>Public elementary, middle and high school test scores in Hawaii are below national averages on tests mandated under the <A href="/wiki/No_Child_Left_Behind_Act" title="No Child Left Behind Act">No Child Left Behind Act</A>. The Hawaii Board of Education requires all eligible students to take these tests and report all student test scores. This may have unbalanced the results that reported in August 2005 that of 282 schools across the state, 185 failed to reach federal minimum performance standards in mathematics and reading.<SUP id="cite_ref-175" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-175">[169]</A></SUP> The <A href="/wiki/ACT_(examination)" class="mw-redirect" title="ACT (examination)">ACT college placement tests</A> show that in 2005, seniors scored slightly above the national average (21.9 compared with 20.9),<SUP id="cite_ref-176" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-176">[170]</A></SUP> but in the widely accepted <A href="/wiki/SAT" title="SAT">SAT</A> examinations, Hawaii's college-bound seniors tend to score below the national average in all categories except mathematics.</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Private_schools">Private schools</SPAN></H3>
<P>Hawaii has the highest rates of private school attendance in the nation.<SUP id="cite_ref-boehonbcn_12-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-boehonbcn-12">[11]</A></SUP> During the 2011–2012 school year, Hawaii public and charter schools had an enrollment of 181,213,<SUP id="cite_ref-DOE_177-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-DOE-177">[171]</A></SUP> while private schools had 37,695.<SUP id="cite_ref-HAIS_178-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-HAIS-178">[172]</A></SUP> Private schools educated over 17% of students in Hawaii that school year, nearly three times the approximate national average of 6%.<SUP id="cite_ref-NCES_179-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-NCES-179">[173]</A></SUP> It has four of the largest independent schools; <A href="/wiki/Iolani_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Iolani School"><SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>Iolani School</A>, <A href="/wiki/Kamehameha_Schools" title="Kamehameha Schools">Kamehameha Schools</A>, <A href="/wiki/Mid-Pacific_Institute" title="Mid-Pacific Institute">Mid-Pacific Institute</A> and <A href="/wiki/Punahou_School" title="Punahou School">Punahou School</A>. <A href="/wiki/Pacific_Buddhist_Academy" title="Pacific Buddhist Academy">Pacific Buddhist Academy</A>, the second Buddhist high school in the U.S. and first such school in Hawaii, was founded in 2003. The first native controlled public charter school was the <A href="/wiki/Kanu_O_Ka_Aina_New_Century_Charter_School" title="Kanu O Ka Aina New Century Charter School">Kanu O Ka Aina New Century Charter School</A>.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<P>Independent and charter schools can select their students, while the public schools are open to all students in their district. The Kamehameha Schools are the only schools in the U.S. that openly grant admission to students based on ancestry; collectively, they are one of the wealthiest schools in the United States, if not the world, having over eleven billion <A href="/wiki/US_dollars" class="mw-redirect" title="US dollars">US dollars</A> in estate assets.<SUP id="cite_ref-180" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-180">[174]</A></SUP> In 2005, Kamehameha enrolled 5,398 students, 8.4% of the Native Hawaiian children in the state.<SUP id="cite_ref-181" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-181">[175]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Colleges_and_universities">Colleges and universities</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <A href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_Hawaii" title="List of colleges and universities in Hawaii">List of colleges and universities in Hawaii</A></DIV>
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<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:University_of_Hawaii_at_Hilo.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/University_of_Hawaii_at_Hilo.jpg/220px-University_of_Hawaii_at_Hilo.jpg" width="220" height="132" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/University_of_Hawaii_at_Hilo.jpg/330px-University_of_Hawaii_at_Hilo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/University_of_Hawaii_at_Hilo.jpg/440px-University_of_Hawaii_at_Hilo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="1952" /></A>
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Main Entrance of the <A href="/wiki/University_of_Hawaii_at_Hilo" title="University of Hawaii at Hilo">University of Hawaii at Hilo</A></DIV>
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<P>Graduates of secondary schools in Hawaii often enter directly into the workforce. Some attend colleges and universities on the mainland or other countries, and the rest attend an institution of higher learning in Hawaii. The largest is the <A href="/wiki/University_of_Hawaii_System" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Hawaii System">University of Hawaii System</A>, which consists of: the research university at <A href="/wiki/University_of_Hawaii_at_Manoa" title="University of Hawaii at Manoa">Mānoa</A>, two comprehensive campuses at <A href="/wiki/University_of_Hawaii_at_Hilo" title="University of Hawaii at Hilo">Hilo</A> and <A href="/wiki/University_of_Hawaii-West_Oahu" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Hawaii-West Oahu">West O<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ahu</A>, and seven community colleges. Private universities include <A href="/wiki/Brigham_Young_University%E2%80%93Hawaii" title="Brigham Young University–Hawaii">Brigham Young University–Hawaii</A>, <A href="/wiki/Chaminade_University_of_Honolulu" title="Chaminade University of Honolulu">Chaminade University of Honolulu</A>, <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_Pacific_University" title="Hawaii Pacific University">Hawaii Pacific University</A>, and <A href="/wiki/Wayland_Baptist_University" title="Wayland Baptist University">Wayland Baptist University</A>. <A href="/wiki/Saint_Stephen_Diocesan_Seminary,_Honolulu" title="Saint Stephen Diocesan Seminary, Honolulu">Saint Stephen Diocesan Center</A> is a <A href="/wiki/Seminary" title="Seminary">seminary</A> of the <A href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Honolulu" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Honolulu">Roman Catholic Diocese of Honolulu</A>. Kona hosts the <A href="/wiki/University_of_the_Nations" title="University of the Nations">University of the Nations</A>, which is not an <A href="/wiki/Educational_accreditation" title="Educational accreditation">accredited</A> university.</P>
<H3><SPAN id="P.C5.ABnana_Leo"></SPAN><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Pūnana_Leo">Pūnana Leo</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/P%C5%ABnana_Leo" title="Pūnana Leo">Pūnana Leo</A></DIV>
<P>First opened in 1984 illegally in <A href="/wiki/Kekaha" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaha">Kekaha</A>, <A href="/wiki/Kaua%27i" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaua'i">Kaua'i</A>, the Pūnana Leo or "Language Nest" (lit. "Nest of Voices") were the first indigenous language immersion schools in the United States. Modelled after the Māori language <A href="/wiki/Kohanga_reo" class="mw-redirect" title="Kohanga reo">Kōhanga reo</A> of New Zealand, they provide preschool aged children the opportunity to engage in early education through a Hawaiian language medium, generally taught by elders. Graduates from the Pūnana Leo schools have achieved several measures of academic success in later life. As of 2006, there were a total of eleven Pūnana Leo preschools, with locations on five of the islands.<SUP class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><SPAN title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2017)">citation needed</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Transportation">Transportation</SPAN></H2>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_Department_of_Transportation" title="Hawaii Department of Transportation">Hawaii Department of Transportation</A>, <A href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_Hawaii" title="List of airports in Hawaii">List of airports in Hawaii</A>, and <A href="/wiki/Aviation_in_Hawaii" title="Aviation in Hawaii">Aviation in Hawaii</A></DIV>
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<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:HonoluluAirportWelcomeSign.jpg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/HonoluluAirportWelcomeSign.jpg/220px-HonoluluAirportWelcomeSign.jpg" width="220" height="170" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/HonoluluAirportWelcomeSign.jpg/330px-HonoluluAirportWelcomeSign.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/HonoluluAirportWelcomeSign.jpg/440px-HonoluluAirportWelcomeSign.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1650" data-file-height="1275" /></A>
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The main welcome sign for Honolulu Airport.</DIV>
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<P>A <A href="/wiki/List_of_Hawaii_state_highways" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Hawaii state highways">system of state highways</A> encircles each main island. Only O<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ahu has federal highways, and is the only area outside the contiguous 48 states to have signed <A href="/wiki/Interstate_Highway_System" title="Interstate Highway System">Interstate highways</A>. Narrow, winding roads and congestion in populated places can slow traffic. Each major island has a public bus system.</P>
<P><A href="/wiki/Honolulu_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Honolulu International Airport">Honolulu International Airport</A> (<A href="/wiki/International_Air_Transport_Association_airport_code" class="mw-redirect" title="International Air Transport Association airport code">IATA</A>:<SPAN class="nowrap"> </SPAN>HNL), which shares runways with the adjacent <A href="/wiki/Hickam_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Hickam Field">Hickam Field</A> (IATA:<SPAN class="nowrap"> </SPAN>HIK), is the major commercial aviation hub of Hawaii. The commercial aviation airport offers intercontinental service to North America, Asia, Australia and Oceania. <A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Airlines" title="Hawaiian Airlines">Hawaiian Airlines</A>, <A href="/wiki/Mokulele_Airlines" title="Mokulele Airlines">Mokulele Airlines</A> and <A href="/wiki/Go!_(airline)" title="Go! (airline)">go!</A> use jets to provide services between the large airports in Honolulu, Līhu<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>e, Kahului, Kona and Hilo. <A href="/wiki/Island_Air_(Hawaii)" title="Island Air (Hawaii)">Island Air</A> and <A href="/wiki/Pacific_Wings" title="Pacific Wings">Pacific Wings</A> serve smaller airports. These airlines also provide air freight services between the islands. On May 30, 2017, the airport was officially renamed as the <A href="/wiki/Daniel_K._Inouye_International_Airport" title="Daniel K. Inouye International Airport">Daniel K. Inouye International Airport</A> (HNL), after U.S. Senator <A href="/wiki/Daniel_Inouye" title="Daniel Inouye">Daniel K. Inouye</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-182" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-182">[176]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Until air passenger services began in the 1920s,<SUP id="cite_ref-Hawaii_Aviation_183-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Hawaii_Aviation-183">[177]</A></SUP> private boats were the sole means of traveling between the islands. Seaflite operated hydrofoils between the major islands in the mid-1970s.<SUP id="cite_ref-184" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-184">[178]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_Superferry" title="Hawaii Superferry">Hawaii Superferry</A> operated between O<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ahu and Maui between December 2007 and March 2009, with additional routes planned for other islands. Protests and legal problems over environmental impact statements ended the service, though the company operating Superferry has expressed a wish to recommence ferry services in the future.<SUP id="cite_ref-Alakai_185-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Alakai-185">[179]</A></SUP> Currently there are passenger ferry services in <A href="/wiki/Maui_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Maui County">Maui County</A> between Moloka<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i and Maui,<SUP id="cite_ref-Molokai_Ferry_186-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Molokai_Ferry-186">[180]</A></SUP> and between Lana<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i and Maui,<SUP id="cite_ref-Lana'i_Ferry_187-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Lana'i_Ferry-187">[181]</A></SUP> though neither of these take vehicles. Currently <A href="/wiki/Norwegian_Cruise_Lines" class="mw-redirect" title="Norwegian Cruise Lines">Norwegian Cruise Lines</A> and <A href="/wiki/Princess_Cruises" title="Princess Cruises">Princess Cruises</A> provide passenger cruise ship services between the larger islands.<SUP id="cite_ref-NCL_188-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-NCL-188">[182]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-Princess_Cruises_189-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Princess_Cruises-189">[183]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Rail">Rail</SPAN></H3>
<P>At one time Hawaii had a network of railroads on each of the larger islands that transported farm commodities and passengers. Most were <SPAN class="nowrap">3 ft</SPAN> (<SPAN class="nowrap">914 mm</SPAN>) <A href="/wiki/Narrow_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Narrow gauge">narrow gauge</A> systems but there were some <SPAN class="nowrap">2 ft 6 in</SPAN> (<SPAN class="nowrap">762 mm</SPAN>) gauge on some of the smaller islands. The standard gauge in the U.S. is <SPAN class="nowrap">4 ft <SPAN class="frac">8<SPAN class="visualhide"> </SPAN><SUP>1</SUP>⁄<SUB>2</SUB></SPAN> in</SPAN> (<SPAN class="nowrap">1,435 mm</SPAN>). By far the largest railroad was the <A href="/wiki/Oahu_Railway_and_Land_Company" title="Oahu Railway and Land Company">Oahu Railway and Land Company</A> (OR&L) that ran lines from Honolulu across the western and northern part of Oahu.<SUP id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_190-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-190">[184]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The OR&L was important for moving troops and goods during World War II. Traffic on this line was busy enough for signals to be used to facilitate movement of trains and to require <A href="/wiki/Wigwag_(railroad)" title="Wigwag (railroad)">wigwag</A> signals at some railroad crossings for the protection of motorists. The main line was officially abandoned in 1947, although part of it was bought by the U.S. Navy and operated until 1970. Thirteen miles (21 km) of track remain; preservationists occasionally run trains over a portion of this line.<SUP id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_190-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-190">[184]</A></SUP> The <A href="/wiki/Honolulu_High-Capacity_Transit_Corridor_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Honolulu High-Capacity Transit Corridor Project">Honolulu High-Capacity Transit Corridor Project</A> aims to add elevated passenger rail on Oahu to relieve highway congestion.<SUP id="cite_ref-boehonbcn_12-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-boehonbcn-12">[11]</A></SUP></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Governance">Governance</SPAN></H2>
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<DIV class="gallerytext" style="min-height:4.6em;width:187px;line-height:1.3em;padding:2px 6px 1px 6px;margin:0px;border:none;border-width:0px"><B>The <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_State_Legislature" title="Hawaii State Legislature">Hawaii State Legislature</A></B> convenes at the <B><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_State_Capitol" title="Hawaii State Capitol">Hawaii State Capitol</A>.</B> </DIV>
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<DIV class="floatnone"><A href="/wiki/File:NORTHEAST_ELEVATION,_CLOSER_VIEW_-_Aliiolani_Hale,_463_King_Street,_Honolulu,_Honolulu_County,_HI_HABS_HI,2-HONLU,3-2.tif" class="image" title="The Supreme Court of Hawaii is housed within Aliʻiōlani Hale."><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/NORTHEAST_ELEVATION%2C_CLOSER_VIEW_-_Aliiolani_Hale%2C_463_King_Street%2C_Honolulu%2C_Honolulu_County%2C_HI_HABS_HI%2C2-HONLU%2C3-2.tif/lossy-page1-180px-NORTHEAST_ELEVATION%2C_CLOSER_VIEW_-_Aliiolani_Hale%2C_463_King_Street%2C_Honolulu%2C_Honolulu_County%2C_HI_HABS_HI%2C2-HONLU%2C3-2.tif.jpg" width="180" height="130" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/NORTHEAST_ELEVATION%2C_CLOSER_VIEW_-_Aliiolani_Hale%2C_463_King_Street%2C_Honolulu%2C_Honolulu_County%2C_HI_HABS_HI%2C2-HONLU%2C3-2.tif/lossy-page1-270px-NORTHEAST_ELEVATION%2C_CLOSER_VIEW_-_Aliiolani_Hale%2C_463_King_Street%2C_Honolulu%2C_Honolulu_County%2C_HI_HABS_HI%2C2-HONLU%2C3-2.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/NORTHEAST_ELEVATION%2C_CLOSER_VIEW_-_Aliiolani_Hale%2C_463_King_Street%2C_Honolulu%2C_Honolulu_County%2C_HI_HABS_HI%2C2-HONLU%2C3-2.tif/lossy-page1-360px-NORTHEAST_ELEVATION%2C_CLOSER_VIEW_-_Aliiolani_Hale%2C_463_King_Street%2C_Honolulu%2C_Honolulu_County%2C_HI_HABS_HI%2C2-HONLU%2C3-2.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4852" data-file-height="3491" /></A></DIV>
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<DIV class="gallerytext" style="min-height:4.6em;width:187px;line-height:1.3em;padding:2px 6px 1px 6px;margin:0px;border:none;border-width:0px"><B>The <A href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Hawaii" title="Supreme Court of Hawaii">Supreme Court of Hawaii</A></B> is housed within <B><A href="/wiki/Aliiolani_Hale" title="Aliiolani Hale">Ali<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>iōlani Hale</A>.</B> </DIV>
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<DIV class="center">
<DIV class="floatnone"><A href="/wiki/File:Perspective_view_of_makai_elevation,_looking_ewa-mauka_-_Washington_Place,_320_South_Beretania_Street,_Honolulu,_Honolulu_County,_HI_HABS_HI,2-HONLU,28-40.tif" class="image" title="The Governor of Hawaii officially resides at Washington Place."><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Perspective_view_of_makai_elevation%2C_looking_ewa-mauka_-_Washington_Place%2C_320_South_Beretania_Street%2C_Honolulu%2C_Honolulu_County%2C_HI_HABS_HI%2C2-HONLU%2C28-40.tif/lossy-page1-180px-Perspective_view_of_makai_elevation%2C_looking_ewa-mauka_-_Washington_Place%2C_320_South_Beretania_Street%2C_Honolulu%2C_Honolulu_County%2C_HI_HABS_HI%2C2-HONLU%2C28-40.tif.jpg" width="180" height="130" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Perspective_view_of_makai_elevation%2C_looking_ewa-mauka_-_Washington_Place%2C_320_South_Beretania_Street%2C_Honolulu%2C_Honolulu_County%2C_HI_HABS_HI%2C2-HONLU%2C28-40.tif/lossy-page1-270px-Perspective_view_of_makai_elevation%2C_looking_ewa-mauka_-_Washington_Place%2C_320_South_Beretania_Street%2C_Honolulu%2C_Honolulu_County%2C_HI_HABS_HI%2C2-HONLU%2C28-40.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Perspective_view_of_makai_elevation%2C_looking_ewa-mauka_-_Washington_Place%2C_320_South_Beretania_Street%2C_Honolulu%2C_Honolulu_County%2C_HI_HABS_HI%2C2-HONLU%2C28-40.tif/lossy-page1-360px-Perspective_view_of_makai_elevation%2C_looking_ewa-mauka_-_Washington_Place%2C_320_South_Beretania_Street%2C_Honolulu%2C_Honolulu_County%2C_HI_HABS_HI%2C2-HONLU%2C28-40.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5320" data-file-height="3846" /></A></DIV>
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<DIV class="gallerytext" style="min-height:4.6em;width:187px;line-height:1.3em;padding:2px 6px 1px 6px;margin:0px;border:none;border-width:0px"><B>The <A href="/wiki/Governor_of_Hawaii" title="Governor of Hawaii">Governor of Hawaii</A></B> officially resides at <B><A href="/wiki/Washington_Place" title="Washington Place">Washington Place</A>.</B> </DIV>
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<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Iolani_Palace_(1328).JPG" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Iolani_Palace_%281328%29.JPG/220px-Iolani_Palace_%281328%29.JPG" width="220" height="169" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Iolani_Palace_%281328%29.JPG/330px-Iolani_Palace_%281328%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Iolani_Palace_%281328%29.JPG/440px-Iolani_Palace_%281328%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="967" data-file-height="743" /></A>
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<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Iolani_Palace_(1328).JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
The <A href="/wiki/Iolani_Palace" class="mw-redirect" title="Iolani Palace"><SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>Iolani Palace</A> in <A href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu</A>, formerly the residence of the Hawaiian monarch, was the capitol of the Republic of Hawaii.</DIV>
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<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Political_subdivisions_and_local_government">Political subdivisions and local government</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <A href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Hawaii" title="List of counties in Hawaii">List of counties in Hawaii</A></DIV>
<P>The movement of the Hawaiian royal family from Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i Island to Maui, and subsequently to O<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ahu, explains the modern-day distribution of population centers. <A href="/wiki/Kamehameha_III" title="Kamehameha III">Kamehameha III</A> chose the largest city, Honolulu, as his capital because of its natural harbor—the present-day <A href="/wiki/Honolulu_Harbor" title="Honolulu Harbor">Honolulu Harbor</A>. Now the state capital, Honolulu is located along the southeast coast of O<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ahu. The previous capital was <A href="/wiki/Lahaina,_Hawaii" title="Lahaina, Hawaii">Lahaina</A>, Maui, and before that <A href="/wiki/Kailua-Kona" class="mw-redirect" title="Kailua-Kona">Kailua-Kona</A>, Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i. Some major towns are <A href="/wiki/Hilo,_Hawaii" title="Hilo, Hawaii">Hilo</A>; <A href="/wiki/K%C4%81ne%27ohe,_Hawai%27i" class="mw-redirect" title="Kāne'ohe, Hawai'i">Kāne<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ohe</A>; <A href="/wiki/Kailua,_Honolulu_County,_Hawaii" title="Kailua, Honolulu County, Hawaii">Kailua</A>; <A href="/wiki/Pearl_City,_Hawaii" title="Pearl City, Hawaii">Pearl City</A>; <A href="/wiki/Waipahu,_Hawaii" title="Waipahu, Hawaii">Waipahu</A>; <A href="/wiki/Kahului,_Hawaii" title="Kahului, Hawaii">Kahului</A>; <A href="/wiki/Kailua,_Hawaii_County,_Hawaii" title="Kailua, Hawaii County, Hawaii">Kailua-Kona</A>. <A href="/wiki/Kihei,_Hawaii" title="Kihei, Hawaii">Kīhei</A>; and <A href="/wiki/Lihue,_Hawaii" title="Lihue, Hawaii">Līhu<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>e</A>.</P>
<P>Hawaii comprises five counties: the <A href="/wiki/Honolulu_County,_Hawaii" title="Honolulu County, Hawaii">City and County of Honolulu</A>, <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_County,_Hawaii" title="Hawaii County, Hawaii">Hawaii County</A>, <A href="/wiki/Maui_County,_Hawaii" title="Maui County, Hawaii">Maui County</A>, <A href="/wiki/Kauai_County,_Hawaii" title="Kauai County, Hawaii">Kauai County</A>, and <A href="/wiki/Kalawao_County,_Hawaii" title="Kalawao County, Hawaii">Kalawao County</A>.</P>
<P>Hawaii has the fewest local governments among U.S. states.<SUP id="cite_ref-USCensus2010_191-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-USCensus2010-191">[185]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-USCensus2007_192-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-USCensus2007-192">[186]</A></SUP> Unique to this state is the lack of <A href="/wiki/Municipal_corporation" title="Municipal corporation">municipal governments</A>. All local governments are generally administered at the <A href="/wiki/County_(United_States)" title="County (United States)">county</A> level. The only incorporated area in the state is <A href="/wiki/Honolulu_County,_Hawaii" title="Honolulu County, Hawaii">Honolulu County</A>, a <A href="/wiki/Consolidated_city%E2%80%93county" class="mw-redirect" title="Consolidated city–county">consolidated city–county</A> that governs the entire island of Oahu. County executives are referred to as mayors; these are the <A href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Hawaii_County" title="Mayor of Hawaii County">Mayor of Hawaii County</A>, <A href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Honolulu" title="Mayor of Honolulu">Mayor of Honolulu</A>, <A href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Kauai" title="Mayor of Kauai">Mayor of Kaua<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A>, and the <A href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Maui" title="Mayor of Maui">Mayor of Maui</A>. The mayors are all elected in <A href="/wiki/Nonpartisan" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonpartisan">nonpartisan</A> elections. Kalawao County has no elected government,<SUP id="cite_ref-193" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-193">[187]</A></SUP> and as <A href="#Education">mentioned above</A> there are no local <A href="/wiki/School_district" title="School district">school districts</A> and instead all local public education is administered at the state level by the <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_Department_of_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaii Department of Education">Hawaii Department of Education</A>. The remaining local governments are <A href="/wiki/Special-purpose_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Special-purpose district">special districts</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-USCensus2010_191-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-USCensus2010-191">[185]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-USCensus2007_192-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-USCensus2007-192">[186]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="State_government">State government</SPAN></H3>
<P>The state government of Hawaii is modeled after the federal government with adaptations originating from the kingdom era of Hawaiian history. As codified in the <A href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Hawaii" title="Constitution of Hawaii">Constitution of Hawaii</A>, there are three <A href="/wiki/Branches_of_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Branches of government">branches of government</A>: executive, legislative and judicial. The executive branch is led by the <A href="/wiki/Governor_of_Hawaii" title="Governor of Hawaii">Governor of Hawaii</A>, who is assisted by the <A href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Hawaii" title="Lieutenant Governor of Hawaii">Lieutenant Governor of Hawaii</A>, both of whom are elected on the same ticket. The governor is the only state public official elected statewide; all others are appointed by the governor. The lieutenant governor acts as the <A href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_of_Hawaii" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State of Hawaii">Secretary of State</A>. The governor and lieutenant governor oversee twenty agencies and departments from offices in the <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_State_Capitol" title="Hawaii State Capitol">State Capitol</A>. The official residence of the governor is <A href="/wiki/Washington_Place" title="Washington Place">Washington Place</A>.</P>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <A href="/wiki/Category:State_agencies_of_Hawaii" title="Category:State agencies of Hawaii">Category:State agencies of Hawaii</A></DIV>
<P>The legislative branch consists of the <A href="/wiki/Bicameralism" title="Bicameralism">bicameral</A> <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_State_Legislature" title="Hawaii State Legislature">Hawaii State Legislature</A>, which is composed of the 51-member <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_House_of_Representatives" title="Hawaii House of Representatives">Hawaii House of Representatives</A> led by the <A href="/wiki/Speaker_(politics)" title="Speaker (politics)">Speaker of the House</A>, and the 25-member <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_Senate" title="Hawaii Senate">Hawaii Senate</A> led by the <A href="/wiki/President_of_the_Senate" title="President of the Senate">President of the Senate</A>. The Legislature meets at the State Capitol. The unified judicial branch of Hawaii is the <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_State_Judiciary" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaii State Judiciary">Hawaii State Judiciary</A>. The <A href="/wiki/State_supreme_court" title="State supreme court">state's highest court</A> is the <A href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Hawaii" title="Supreme Court of Hawaii">Supreme Court of Hawaii</A>, which uses <A href="/wiki/Aliiolani_Hale" title="Aliiolani Hale">Ali<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>iōlani Hale</A> as its chambers.</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Federal_government">Federal government</SPAN></H3>
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<TH style="text-align:center;font-weight:bold">Hawaii's congressional delegation</TH>
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<DIV class="floatnone"><A href="/wiki/File:Brian_Schatz,_official_portrait,_113th_Congress_2.jpg" class="image" title="Senator Brian Schatz"><IMG alt="Brian Schatz is the senior United States Senator from Hawaii." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Brian_Schatz%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress_2.jpg/160px-Brian_Schatz%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress_2.jpg" width="160" height="200" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Brian_Schatz%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress_2.jpg/240px-Brian_Schatz%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Brian_Schatz%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress_2.jpg/320px-Brian_Schatz%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="3200" /></A></DIV>
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<DIV class="gallerytext" style="min-height:4.6em;width:187px;line-height:1.3em;padding:2px 6px 1px 6px;margin:0px;border:none;border-width:0px"><B>Senator <A href="/wiki/Brian_Schatz" title="Brian Schatz">Brian Schatz</A></B> </DIV>
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<DIV class="floatnone"><A href="/wiki/File:Mazie_Hirono,_official_portrait,_113th_Congress.jpg" class="image" title="Senator Mazie Hirono"><IMG alt="Mazie Hirono is the junior United States Senator from Hawaii." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mazie_Hirono%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress.jpg/160px-Mazie_Hirono%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress.jpg" width="160" height="200" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mazie_Hirono%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress.jpg/240px-Mazie_Hirono%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mazie_Hirono%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress.jpg/320px-Mazie_Hirono%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="3200" /></A></DIV>
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<DIV class="gallerytext" style="min-height:4.6em;width:187px;line-height:1.3em;padding:2px 6px 1px 6px;margin:0px;border:none;border-width:0px"><B>Senator <A href="/wiki/Mazie_Hirono" title="Mazie Hirono">Mazie Hirono</A></B> </DIV>
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<DIV class="floatnone"><A href="/wiki/File:Colleen_Hanabusa_official_photo.jpg" class="image" title="Representative Colleen Hanabusa (HI-1)"><IMG alt="Colleen Hanabusa has represented Hawaii's 1st congressional district since 2016. She has also represented the district from 2011 to 2015." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Colleen_Hanabusa_official_photo.jpg/180px-Colleen_Hanabusa_official_photo.jpg" width="180" height="180" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Colleen_Hanabusa_official_photo.jpg/270px-Colleen_Hanabusa_official_photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Colleen_Hanabusa_official_photo.jpg/360px-Colleen_Hanabusa_official_photo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="960" /></A></DIV>
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<DIV class="gallerytext" style="min-height:4.6em;width:187px;line-height:1.3em;padding:2px 6px 1px 6px;margin:0px;border:none;border-width:0px"><B>Representative <A href="/wiki/Colleen_Hanabusa" title="Colleen Hanabusa">Colleen Hanabusa</A></B> (<A href="/wiki/Hawaii%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Hawaii's 1st congressional district">HI-1</A>) </DIV>
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<DIV class="floatnone"><A href="/wiki/File:Tulsi_Gabbard,_official_portrait,_113th_Congress_(cropped).jpg" class="image" title="Representative Tulsi Gabbard (HI-2)"><IMG alt="Tulsi Gabbard has represented Hawaii's 2nd congressional district since 2013." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Tulsi_Gabbard%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress_%28cropped%29.jpg/131px-Tulsi_Gabbard%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress_%28cropped%29.jpg" width="131" height="200" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Tulsi_Gabbard%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress_%28cropped%29.jpg/197px-Tulsi_Gabbard%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Tulsi_Gabbard%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress_%28cropped%29.jpg/263px-Tulsi_Gabbard%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="974" data-file-height="1480" /></A></DIV>
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<DIV class="gallerytext" style="min-height:4.6em;width:187px;line-height:1.3em;padding:2px 6px 1px 6px;margin:0px;border:none;border-width:0px"><B>Representative <A href="/wiki/Tulsi_Gabbard" title="Tulsi Gabbard">Tulsi Gabbard</A></B> (<A href="/wiki/Hawaii%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Hawaii's 2nd congressional district">HI-2</A>) </DIV>
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<TD style="text-align:right;font-size:80%;line-height:1em"><A href="/wiki/115th_United_States_Congress" title="115th United States Congress">115th United States Congress</A></TD>
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<P>Hawaii is represented in the <A href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</A> by two senators and two <A href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">representatives</A>. As of 2016<SUP class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hawaii&action=edit">[update]</A></SUP>, all four seats are held by Democrats. <A href="/wiki/Colleen_Hanabusa" title="Colleen Hanabusa">Colleen Hanabusa</A> won a special election for the <A href="/wiki/Hawaii%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Hawaii's 1st congressional district">1st congressional district</A> representing southeastern Oahu, including central Honolulu, on November 8, 2016 to finish the term of Rep. <A href="/wiki/Mark_Takai" title="Mark Takai">Mark Takai</A> who died July 20, 2016. <A href="/wiki/Tulsi_Gabbard" title="Tulsi Gabbard">Tulsi Gabbard</A> represents the <A href="/wiki/Hawaii%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Hawaii's 2nd congressional district">2nd congressional district</A>, representing the rest of the state, which is largely rural and semi-rural.<SUP id="cite_ref-194" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-194">[188]</A></SUP></P>
<P><A href="/wiki/Brian_Schatz" title="Brian Schatz">Brian Schatz</A> is the senior United States Senator from Hawaii. He was appointed to the office on December 26, 2012, by Governor <A href="/wiki/Neil_Abercrombie" title="Neil Abercrombie">Neil Abercrombie</A>, following the death of former senator <A href="/wiki/Daniel_Inouye" title="Daniel Inouye">Daniel Inouye</A>. The state's junior senator is <A href="/wiki/Mazie_Hirono" title="Mazie Hirono">Mazie Hirono</A>, the former representative from the second congressional district. Hirono is the first female Asian American senator and the first Buddhist senator. Hawaii incurred the biggest <A href="/wiki/Seniority_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Seniority in the United States Senate">seniority</A> shift between the <A href="/wiki/112th_United_States_Congress" title="112th United States Congress">112th</A> and <A href="/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress" title="113th United States Congress">113th</A> Congresses. The state went from a delegation consisting of senators who were first and twenty-first in seniority<SUP id="cite_ref-195" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-195">[e]</A></SUP> to their respective replacements, relative newcomers Schatz and Hirono.<SUP id="cite_ref-196" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-196">[189]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Federal officials in Hawaii are based at the <A href="/wiki/Prince_Kuhio_Federal_Building" title="Prince Kuhio Federal Building">Prince Kūhiō Federal Building</A> near the <A href="/wiki/Aloha_Tower" title="Aloha Tower">Aloha Tower</A> and Honolulu Harbor. The <A href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">Federal Bureau of Investigation</A>, <A href="/wiki/Internal_Revenue_Service" title="Internal Revenue Service">Internal Revenue Service</A> and the <A href="/wiki/United_States_Secret_Service" title="United States Secret Service">Secret Service</A> maintain their offices there; the building is also the site of the <A href="/wiki/United_States_federal_courts" class="mw-redirect" title="United States federal courts">federal</A> <A href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Hawaii" title="United States District Court for the District of Hawaii">District Court for the District of Hawaii</A> and the <A href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_for_the_District_of_Hawaii" title="United States Attorney for the District of Hawaii">United States Attorney for the District of Hawaii</A>.</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Politics">Politics</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <A href="/wiki/Politics_of_Hawaii" title="Politics of Hawaii">Politics of Hawaii</A>, <A href="/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_Hawaii" title="Political party strength in Hawaii">Political party strength in Hawaii</A>, and <A href="/wiki/List_of_Hawaiian_sovereignty_movement_groups" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Hawaiian sovereignty movement groups">Hawaiian sovereignty movement</A></DIV>
<TABLE class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin:1em; font-size:95%;">
<CAPTION>Gubernatorial election results<SUP id="cite_ref-Leip,_David_197-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Leip,_David-197">[190]</A></SUP></CAPTION>
<TBODY><TR style="background:lightgrey;">
<TH>Year</TH>
<TH><A href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Hawaii)" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Party (Hawaii)">Democratic</A></TH>
<TH><A href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(Hawaii)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Party (Hawaii)">Republican</A></TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6"><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_gubernatorial_election,_1959" title="Hawaii gubernatorial election, 1959">1959</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF">48.7% <I>82,074</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6"><B>51.1%</B> <I>86,213</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_gubernatorial_election,_1962" title="Hawaii gubernatorial election, 1962">1962</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>58.3%</B> <I>114,308</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">41.7% <I>81,707</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_gubernatorial_election,_1966" title="Hawaii gubernatorial election, 1966">1966</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>51.1%</B> <I>108,840</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">48.9% <I>104,324</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_gubernatorial_election,_1970" title="Hawaii gubernatorial election, 1970">1970</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>57.7%</B> <I>137,812</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">42.4% <I>101,249</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_gubernatorial_election,_1974" title="Hawaii gubernatorial election, 1974">1974</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>54.6%</B> <I>136,262</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">45.4% <I>113,388</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_gubernatorial_election,_1978" title="Hawaii gubernatorial election, 1978">1978</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>54.5%</B> <I>153,394</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">44.3% <I>124,610</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_gubernatorial_election,_1982" title="Hawaii gubernatorial election, 1982">1982</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>45.2%</B> <I>141,043</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">26.1% <I>81,507</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_gubernatorial_election,_1986" title="Hawaii gubernatorial election, 1986">1986</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>52.0%</B> <I>173,655</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">48.0% <I>160,460</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_gubernatorial_election,_1990" title="Hawaii gubernatorial election, 1990">1990</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>59.8%</B> <I>203,491</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">38.6% <I>131,310</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_gubernatorial_election,_1994" title="Hawaii gubernatorial election, 1994">1994</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>36.6%</B> <I>134,978</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">29.2% <I>107,908</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_gubernatorial_election,_1998" title="Hawaii gubernatorial election, 1998">1998</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>50.1%</B> <I>204,206</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">48.8% <I>198,952</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6"><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_gubernatorial_election,_2002" title="Hawaii gubernatorial election, 2002">2002</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF">47.0% <I>179,647</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6"><B>51.6%</B> <I>197,009</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6"><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_gubernatorial_election,_2006" title="Hawaii gubernatorial election, 2006">2006</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF">35.4% <I>121,717</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6"><B>62.5%</B> <I>215,313</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_gubernatorial_election,_2010" title="Hawaii gubernatorial election, 2010">2010</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>57.8%</B> <I>222,724</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">40.8% <I>157,311</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_gubernatorial_election,_2014" title="Hawaii gubernatorial election, 2014">2014</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>49.0%</B> <I>181,106</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">36.7% <I>135,775</I></TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin:1em; font-size:95%;">
<CAPTION>Presidential election results<SUP id="cite_ref-Leip,_David_197-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Leip,_David-197">[190]</A></SUP></CAPTION>
<TBODY><TR style="background:lightgrey;">
<TH>Year</TH>
<TH><A href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</A></TH>
<TH><A href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</A></TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii,_1960" title="United States presidential election in Hawaii, 1960">1960</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>50.0%</B> <I>92,410</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">50.0% <I>92,295</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii,_1964" title="United States presidential election in Hawaii, 1964">1964</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>78.8%</B> <I>163,249</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">21.2% <I>44,022</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii,_1968" title="United States presidential election in Hawaii, 1968">1968</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>59.8%</B> <I>141,324</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">38.7% <I>91,425</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6"><A href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii,_1972" title="United States presidential election in Hawaii, 1972">1972</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF">37.5% <I>101,409</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6"><B>62.4%</B> <I>168,865</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii,_1976" title="United States presidential election in Hawaii, 1976">1976</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>50.6%</B> <I>147,375</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">48.1% <I>140,003</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii,_1980" title="United States presidential election in Hawaii, 1980">1980</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>44.8%</B> <I>135,879</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">42.9% <I>130,112</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6"><A href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii,_1984" title="United States presidential election in Hawaii, 1984">1984</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF">43.8% <I>147,154</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6"><B>55.1%</B> <I>185,050</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii,_1988" title="United States presidential election in Hawaii, 1988">1988</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>54.3%</B> <I>192,364</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">44.8% <I>158,625</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii,_1992" title="United States presidential election in Hawaii, 1992">1992</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>48.1%</B> <I>179,310</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">36.7% <I>136,822</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii,_1996" title="United States presidential election in Hawaii, 1996">1996</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>56.9%</B> <I>205,012</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">31.6% <I>113,943</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii,_2000" title="United States presidential election in Hawaii, 2000">2000</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>55.8%</B> <I>205,286</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">37.5% <I>137,845</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii,_2004" title="United States presidential election in Hawaii, 2004">2004</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>54.0%</B> <I>231,708</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">45.3% <I>194,191</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii,_2008" title="United States presidential election in Hawaii, 2008">2008</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>71.9%</B> <I>325,871</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">26.6% <I>120,566</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii,_2012" title="United States presidential election in Hawaii, 2012">2012</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>70.6%</B> <I>306,658</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">27.8% <I>121,015</I></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><A href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii,_2016" title="United States presidential election in Hawaii, 2016">2016</A></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#B0CEFF"><B>61.0%</B> <I>266,891</I></TD>
<TD align="center" style="background:#FFB6B6">29.4% <I>128,847</I></TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:227px;"><A href="/wiki/File:United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii,_2016.svg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii%2C_2016.svg/225px-United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii%2C_2016.svg.png" width="225" height="248" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii%2C_2016.svg/338px-United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii%2C_2016.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii%2C_2016.svg/450px-United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii%2C_2016.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2904" data-file-height="3201" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii,_2016.svg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
<A href="/wiki/Treemap" class="mw-redirect" title="Treemap">Treemap</A> of the popular vote by county, 2016 presidential election.</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<P>Since gaining statehood and participating in its first election in<SPAN class="nowrap"> </SPAN><A href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1960" title="United States presidential election, 1960">1960</A>, Hawaii has supported Democrats in all but two presidential elections; <A href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1972" title="United States presidential election, 1972">1972</A> and<SPAN class="nowrap"> </SPAN><A href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1984" title="United States presidential election, 1984">1984</A>, both of which were landslide victories for Republicans <A href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</A> and <A href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</A> respectively. In Hawaii's statehood tenure, only Minnesota has supported Republican candidates fewer times in presidential elections.</P>
<P>Hawaii hasn't elected a Republican to represent the state in the U.S. Senate since <A href="/wiki/Hiram_Fong" title="Hiram Fong">Hiram Fong</A> in 1970; since 1977, both of the state's U.S. Senators have been Democrats.<SUP id="cite_ref-198" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-198">[191]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-199" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-199">[192]</A></SUP></P>
<P>In <A href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_2004" title="United States presidential election, 2004">2004</A>, <A href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</A> won the state's four electoral votes by a margin of nine percentage points with 54% of the vote. Every county supported the Democratic candidate. In 1964, <A href="/wiki/Favorite_son" title="Favorite son">favorite son</A> candidate senator <A href="/wiki/Hiram_Fong" title="Hiram Fong">Hiram Fong</A> of Hawaii sought the <A href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</A> presidential nomination, while <A href="/wiki/Patsy_Mink" title="Patsy Mink">Patsy Mink</A> ran in the Oregon primary in 1972.</P>
<P>Honolulu-born <A href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</A>, then serving as <A href="/wiki/United_States_Senator" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senator">United States Senator</A> from <A href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</A>, was elected the <A href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Presidents" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Presidents">44th</A> President of the United States on <A href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_2008" title="United States presidential election, 2008">November 4, 2008</A> and was re-elected for a second term on <A href="/wiki/United_States_Presidential_Election,_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Presidential Election, 2012">November 6, 2012</A>. Obama had won the Hawaii Democratic caucus on February 19, 2008, with 76% of the vote. He was the third Hawaii-born candidate to seek the nomination of a major party and the first presidential nominee from Hawaii.<SUP id="cite_ref-200" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-200">[193]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-201" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-201">[194]</A></SUP></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Legal_status_of_Hawaii">Legal status of Hawaii</SPAN></H2>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Legal_status_of_Hawaii" title="Legal status of Hawaii">Legal status of Hawaii</A></DIV>
<P>While Hawaii is internationally recognized as a state of the United States while also being broadly accepted as such in mainstream understanding, the legality of this status has been raised in U.S. District Court,<SUP id="cite_ref-district_202-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-district-202">[195]</A></SUP> the U.N., and other international forums.<SUP id="cite_ref-UN-forum_203-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-UN-forum-203">[196]</A></SUP> Domestically, the debate is a topic covered in the <A href="/wiki/Kamehameha_Schools" title="Kamehameha Schools">Kamehameha Schools</A> curriculum,<SUP id="cite_ref-curriculum_204-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-curriculum-204">[197]</A></SUP> and in classes at the <A href="/wiki/University_of_Hawaii_at_Manoa" title="University of Hawaii at Manoa">University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-205" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-205">[198]</A></SUP> On September 29, 2015 the <A href="/wiki/Department_of_the_Interior" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of the Interior">Department of the Interior</A> announced a procedure to recognize a <A href="/wiki/United_States_federal_recognition_of_Native_Hawaiians" title="United States federal recognition of Native Hawaiians">Native Hawaiian government</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-Lauer_206-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Lauer-206">[199]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-207" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-207">[200]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Hawaiian_sovereignty_movement">Hawaiian sovereignty movement</SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/List_of_Hawaiian_sovereignty_movement_groups" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Hawaiian sovereignty movement groups">Hawaiian sovereignty movement</A></DIV>
<P><A href="/wiki/Political" class="mw-redirect" title="Political">Political</A> organizations seeking some form of sovereignty for Hawaii have been active since the 1880s. Generally, their focus is on <A href="/wiki/Self-determination" title="Self-determination">self-determination</A> and <A href="/wiki/Self-governance" title="Self-governance">self-governance</A>, either for Hawaii as an independent nation (in many proposals, for "Hawaiian nationals" descended from subjects of the Hawaiian Kingdom or declaring themselves as such by choice), or for people of whole or part <A href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiian" class="mw-redirect" title="Native Hawaiian">native Hawaiian</A> ancestry in an indigenous "<I>nation to nation</I>" relationship akin to <A href="/wiki/Tribal_sovereignty" class="mw-redirect" title="Tribal sovereignty">tribal sovereignty</A> with <A href="/wiki/US_federal_recognition_of_Native_Hawaiians" class="mw-redirect" title="US federal recognition of Native Hawaiians">US federal recognition of Native Hawaiians</A>. A 2005 Grassroot Institute poll found the majority of Hawaiian residents opposed the <A href="/wiki/Akaka_Bill" title="Akaka Bill">Akaka Bill</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-208" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-208">[201]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The <A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_sovereignty_movement" title="Hawaiian sovereignty movement">Hawaiian sovereignty movement</A> generally views the <A href="/wiki/Overthrow_of_the_Kingdom_of_Hawaii" title="Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii">overthrow of Kingdom of Hawaii</A> in 1893 and its subsequent annexation by the United States as illegal, and seeks some form of greater autonomy for Hawaii, such as <A href="/wiki/Associated_state" title="Associated state">free association</A> or independence from the United States.<SUP id="cite_ref-Hawaii1893_209-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Hawaii1893-209">[202]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-Hawaiisov_210-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Hawaiisov-210">[203]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-211" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-211">[204]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-212" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-212">[205]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Some groups also advocate some form of redress from the United States for the <A href="/wiki/Overthrow_of_the_Kingdom_of_Hawaii" title="Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii">1893 overthrow</A> of <A href="/wiki/Liliuokalani" title="Liliuokalani">Queen Lili<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>uokalani</A>, and for what is described as a prolonged <A href="/wiki/Military_occupation" title="Military occupation">military occupation</A> beginning with the 1898 annexation. The <A href="/wiki/Apology_Resolution" title="Apology Resolution">Apology Resolution</A> passed by US Congress in 1993 is cited as a major impetus by the movement for Hawaiian sovereignty.<SUP id="cite_ref-Hawaii1893_209-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Hawaii1893-209">[202]</A></SUP> The sovereignty movement considers Hawaii to be an illegally occupied nation.<SUP id="cite_ref-Hawaiisov_210-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Hawaiisov-210">[203]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-213" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-213">[206]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-214" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-214">[207]</A></SUP></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Gallery_of_satellite_views_and_landmarks">Gallery of satellite views and landmarks</SPAN></H2>
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<TH style="text-align:center;font-weight:bold">Islands of Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</TH>
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<DIV class="floatnone"><A href="/wiki/File:Island_of_Hawai%27i_-_Landsat_mosaic.jpg" class="image" title="Hawaiʻi – 4,028.2 square miles (10,433 km2)"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Island_of_Hawai%27i_-_Landsat_mosaic.jpg/180px-Island_of_Hawai%27i_-_Landsat_mosaic.jpg" width="180" height="180" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Island_of_Hawai%27i_-_Landsat_mosaic.jpg/270px-Island_of_Hawai%27i_-_Landsat_mosaic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Island_of_Hawai%27i_-_Landsat_mosaic.jpg/360px-Island_of_Hawai%27i_-_Landsat_mosaic.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5076" data-file-height="5076" /></A></DIV>
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<DIV class="gallerytext" style="min-height:3.1em;width:187px;line-height:1.3em;padding:2px 6px 1px 6px;margin:0px;border:none;border-width:0px"><B><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_(island)" title="Hawaii (island)">Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A></B> – 4,028.2 square miles (10,433 km<SUP>2</SUP>) </DIV>
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<DIV class="floatnone"><A href="/wiki/File:Maui_Landsat_Photo.jpg" class="image" title="Maui – 727.3 square miles (1,884 km2)"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Maui_Landsat_Photo.jpg/180px-Maui_Landsat_Photo.jpg" width="180" height="142" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Maui_Landsat_Photo.jpg/270px-Maui_Landsat_Photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Maui_Landsat_Photo.jpg/360px-Maui_Landsat_Photo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="741" data-file-height="584" /></A></DIV>
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<DIV class="gallerytext" style="min-height:3.1em;width:187px;line-height:1.3em;padding:2px 6px 1px 6px;margin:0px;border:none;border-width:0px"><B><A href="/wiki/Maui" title="Maui">Maui</A></B> – 727.3 square miles (1,884 km<SUP>2</SUP>) </DIV>
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<DIV class="floatnone"><A href="/wiki/File:KahoolaweLandsat.jpg" class="image" title="Kahoʻolawe – 44.6 square miles (116 km2)"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/KahoolaweLandsat.jpg/180px-KahoolaweLandsat.jpg" width="180" height="137" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/KahoolaweLandsat.jpg/270px-KahoolaweLandsat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/KahoolaweLandsat.jpg/360px-KahoolaweLandsat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="305" /></A></DIV>
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<DIV class="gallerytext" style="min-height:3.1em;width:187px;line-height:1.3em;padding:2px 6px 1px 6px;margin:0px;border:none;border-width:0px"><B><A href="/wiki/Kahoolawe" title="Kahoolawe">Kaho<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>olawe</A></B> – 44.6 square miles (116 km<SUP>2</SUP>) </DIV>
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<DIV class="floatnone"><A href="/wiki/File:LanaiLandsat.jpg" class="image" title="Lānaʻi – 140.5 square miles (364 km2)"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/LanaiLandsat.jpg/180px-LanaiLandsat.jpg" width="180" height="180" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/LanaiLandsat.jpg/270px-LanaiLandsat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/LanaiLandsat.jpg/360px-LanaiLandsat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="449" /></A></DIV>
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<DIV class="gallerytext" style="min-height:3.1em;width:187px;line-height:1.3em;padding:2px 6px 1px 6px;margin:0px;border:none;border-width:0px"><B><A href="/wiki/Lanai" title="Lanai">Lāna<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A></B> – 140.5 square miles (364 km<SUP>2</SUP>) </DIV>
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<DIV class="floatnone"><A href="/wiki/File:Molokai.jpg" class="image" title="Molokaʻi – 260 square miles (670 km2)"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Molokai.jpg/180px-Molokai.jpg" width="180" height="72" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Molokai.jpg/270px-Molokai.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Molokai.jpg/360px-Molokai.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="1600" /></A></DIV>
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<DIV class="gallerytext" style="min-height:3.1em;width:187px;line-height:1.3em;padding:2px 6px 1px 6px;margin:0px;border:none;border-width:0px"><B><A href="/wiki/Molokai" title="Molokai">Moloka<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A></B> – 260 square miles (670 km<SUP>2</SUP>) </DIV>
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<DIV class="floatnone"><A href="/wiki/File:Island_of_Oahu_-_Landsat_mosaic.jpg" class="image" title="Oʻahu – 598 square miles (1,550 km2)"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/11/Island_of_Oahu_-_Landsat_mosaic.jpg/180px-Island_of_Oahu_-_Landsat_mosaic.jpg" width="180" height="159" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/11/Island_of_Oahu_-_Landsat_mosaic.jpg/270px-Island_of_Oahu_-_Landsat_mosaic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/11/Island_of_Oahu_-_Landsat_mosaic.jpg/360px-Island_of_Oahu_-_Landsat_mosaic.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="531" /></A></DIV>
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<DIV class="gallerytext" style="min-height:3.1em;width:187px;line-height:1.3em;padding:2px 6px 1px 6px;margin:0px;border:none;border-width:0px"><B><A href="/wiki/Oahu" title="Oahu">O<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ahu</A></B> – 598 square miles (1,550 km<SUP>2</SUP>) </DIV>
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<DIV class="floatnone"><A href="/wiki/File:Kauai_from_space_oriented.jpg" class="image" title="Kauaʻi – 552.3 square miles (1,430 km2)"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Kauai_from_space_oriented.jpg/180px-Kauai_from_space_oriented.jpg" width="180" height="165" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Kauai_from_space_oriented.jpg/270px-Kauai_from_space_oriented.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Kauai_from_space_oriented.jpg/360px-Kauai_from_space_oriented.jpg 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="340" /></A></DIV>
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<DIV class="gallerytext" style="min-height:3.1em;width:187px;line-height:1.3em;padding:2px 6px 1px 6px;margin:0px;border:none;border-width:0px"><B><A href="/wiki/Kauai" title="Kauai">Kaua<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A></B> – 552.3 square miles (1,430 km<SUP>2</SUP>) </DIV>
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<DIV class="floatnone"><A href="/wiki/File:Niihau_sep_2007.jpg" class="image" title="Niʻihau – 70 square miles (180 km2)"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Niihau_sep_2007.jpg/180px-Niihau_sep_2007.jpg" width="180" height="120" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Niihau_sep_2007.jpg/270px-Niihau_sep_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Niihau_sep_2007.jpg/360px-Niihau_sep_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></A></DIV>
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<DIV class="gallerytext" style="min-height:3.1em;width:187px;line-height:1.3em;padding:2px 6px 1px 6px;margin:0px;border:none;border-width:0px"><B><A href="/wiki/Niihau" title="Niihau">Ni<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ihau</A></B> – 70 square miles (180 km<SUP>2</SUP>) </DIV>
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<TH style="text-align:center;font-weight:bold">Landmarks</TH>
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<DIV class="floatnone"><A href="/wiki/File:Iolani_Palace.JPG" class="image" title="ʻIolani Palace. Honolulu, Oʻahu."><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Iolani_Palace.JPG/180px-Iolani_Palace.JPG" width="180" height="120" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Iolani_Palace.JPG/270px-Iolani_Palace.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Iolani_Palace.JPG/360px-Iolani_Palace.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></A></DIV>
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<DIV class="gallerytext" style="min-height:3.1em;width:187px;line-height:1.3em;padding:2px 6px 1px 6px;margin:0px;border:none;border-width:0px"><B><A href="/wiki/%CA%BBIolani_Palace" title="ʻIolani Palace"><SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>Iolani Palace</A>.</B> Honolulu, O<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ahu. </DIV>
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<DIV class="floatnone"><A href="/wiki/File:NORTHEAST_(FRONT)_ELEVATION_-_Bishop_Museum,_Main_Building,_Likelike_Highway,_Honolulu,_Honolulu_County,_HI_HABS_HI,2-HONLU,4-1.tif" class="image" title="The Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum. Honolulu, Oʻahu."><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/NORTHEAST_%28FRONT%29_ELEVATION_-_Bishop_Museum%2C_Main_Building%2C_Likelike_Highway%2C_Honolulu%2C_Honolulu_County%2C_HI_HABS_HI%2C2-HONLU%2C4-1.tif/lossy-page1-180px-NORTHEAST_%28FRONT%29_ELEVATION_-_Bishop_Museum%2C_Main_Building%2C_Likelike_Highway%2C_Honolulu%2C_Honolulu_County%2C_HI_HABS_HI%2C2-HONLU%2C4-1.tif.jpg" width="180" height="128" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/NORTHEAST_%28FRONT%29_ELEVATION_-_Bishop_Museum%2C_Main_Building%2C_Likelike_Highway%2C_Honolulu%2C_Honolulu_County%2C_HI_HABS_HI%2C2-HONLU%2C4-1.tif/lossy-page1-270px-NORTHEAST_%28FRONT%29_ELEVATION_-_Bishop_Museum%2C_Main_Building%2C_Likelike_Highway%2C_Honolulu%2C_Honolulu_County%2C_HI_HABS_HI%2C2-HONLU%2C4-1.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/NORTHEAST_%28FRONT%29_ELEVATION_-_Bishop_Museum%2C_Main_Building%2C_Likelike_Highway%2C_Honolulu%2C_Honolulu_County%2C_HI_HABS_HI%2C2-HONLU%2C4-1.tif/lossy-page1-360px-NORTHEAST_%28FRONT%29_ELEVATION_-_Bishop_Museum%2C_Main_Building%2C_Likelike_Highway%2C_Honolulu%2C_Honolulu_County%2C_HI_HABS_HI%2C2-HONLU%2C4-1.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4834" data-file-height="3448" /></A></DIV>
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<DIV class="gallerytext" style="min-height:3.1em;width:187px;line-height:1.3em;padding:2px 6px 1px 6px;margin:0px;border:none;border-width:0px"><B>The <A href="/wiki/Bishop_Museum" title="Bishop Museum">Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum</A>.</B> Honolulu, O<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ahu. </DIV>
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<DIV class="floatnone"><A href="/wiki/File:72nd_Anniversary_Pearl_Harbor_Day_Ceremony_131207-A-NH920-401.jpg" class="image" title="The U.S.S. Arizona Memorial. Pearl Harbor, Oʻahu."><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/72nd_Anniversary_Pearl_Harbor_Day_Ceremony_131207-A-NH920-401.jpg/180px-72nd_Anniversary_Pearl_Harbor_Day_Ceremony_131207-A-NH920-401.jpg" width="180" height="120" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/72nd_Anniversary_Pearl_Harbor_Day_Ceremony_131207-A-NH920-401.jpg/270px-72nd_Anniversary_Pearl_Harbor_Day_Ceremony_131207-A-NH920-401.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/72nd_Anniversary_Pearl_Harbor_Day_Ceremony_131207-A-NH920-401.jpg/360px-72nd_Anniversary_Pearl_Harbor_Day_Ceremony_131207-A-NH920-401.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4133" data-file-height="2745" /></A></DIV>
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<DIV class="gallerytext" style="min-height:3.1em;width:187px;line-height:1.3em;padding:2px 6px 1px 6px;margin:0px;border:none;border-width:0px"><B>The <A href="/wiki/Arizona_Memorial" class="mw-redirect" title="Arizona Memorial">U.S.S. Arizona Memorial</A>.</B> <A href="/wiki/Pearl_Harbor" title="Pearl Harbor">Pearl Harbor</A>, O<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ahu. </DIV>
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<DIV class="center">
<DIV class="floatnone"><A href="/wiki/File:Cliff_section_near_end_of_Hana_Belt_Road_-_Hana_Belt_Road,_Between_Haiku_and_Kaipahulu,_Hana,_Maui_County,_HI_HAER_HI-75-158.tif" class="image" title="Hana Belt Road. Between Haikū and Kīpahulu, Maui."><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Cliff_section_near_end_of_Hana_Belt_Road_-_Hana_Belt_Road%2C_Between_Haiku_and_Kaipahulu%2C_Hana%2C_Maui_County%2C_HI_HAER_HI-75-158.tif/lossy-page1-131px-Cliff_section_near_end_of_Hana_Belt_Road_-_Hana_Belt_Road%2C_Between_Haiku_and_Kaipahulu%2C_Hana%2C_Maui_County%2C_HI_HAER_HI-75-158.tif.jpg" width="131" height="180" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Cliff_section_near_end_of_Hana_Belt_Road_-_Hana_Belt_Road%2C_Between_Haiku_and_Kaipahulu%2C_Hana%2C_Maui_County%2C_HI_HAER_HI-75-158.tif/lossy-page1-196px-Cliff_section_near_end_of_Hana_Belt_Road_-_Hana_Belt_Road%2C_Between_Haiku_and_Kaipahulu%2C_Hana%2C_Maui_County%2C_HI_HAER_HI-75-158.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Cliff_section_near_end_of_Hana_Belt_Road_-_Hana_Belt_Road%2C_Between_Haiku_and_Kaipahulu%2C_Hana%2C_Maui_County%2C_HI_HAER_HI-75-158.tif/lossy-page1-261px-Cliff_section_near_end_of_Hana_Belt_Road_-_Hana_Belt_Road%2C_Between_Haiku_and_Kaipahulu%2C_Hana%2C_Maui_County%2C_HI_HAER_HI-75-158.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3878" data-file-height="5338" /></A></DIV>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="vertical-align:top">
<TD style="display:block;font-size:94%;padding:0px">
<DIV class="gallerytext" style="min-height:3.1em;width:187px;line-height:1.3em;padding:2px 6px 1px 6px;margin:0px;border:none;border-width:0px"><B><A href="/wiki/Hana_Highway" title="Hana Highway">Hana Belt Road</A>.</B> Between Haikū and Kīpahulu, Maui. </DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE style="width:200px;float:left;border-collapse:collapse;margin:3px">
<TBODY><TR>
<TD style="height:200px;border:1px solid #CCCCCC;background-color:#F8F8F8;padding:0px;text-align:center">
<DIV class="center">
<DIV class="floatnone"><A href="/wiki/File:Manoa_Falls_Trail_(8331389248).jpg" class="image" title="Mānoa Falls Trail. Mānoa, Oʻahu."><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Manoa_Falls_Trail_%288331389248%29.jpg/180px-Manoa_Falls_Trail_%288331389248%29.jpg" width="180" height="120" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Manoa_Falls_Trail_%288331389248%29.jpg/270px-Manoa_Falls_Trail_%288331389248%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Manoa_Falls_Trail_%288331389248%29.jpg/360px-Manoa_Falls_Trail_%288331389248%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></A></DIV>
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</TD>
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<TR style="vertical-align:top">
<TD style="display:block;font-size:94%;padding:0px">
<DIV class="gallerytext" style="min-height:3.1em;width:187px;line-height:1.3em;padding:2px 6px 1px 6px;margin:0px;border:none;border-width:0px"><B><A href="/wiki/Manoa_Falls" title="Manoa Falls">Mānoa Falls Trail</A>.</B> <A href="/wiki/Manoa" title="Manoa">Mānoa</A>, O<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ahu. </DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE style="width:200px;float:left;border-collapse:collapse;margin:3px">
<TBODY><TR>
<TD style="height:200px;border:1px solid #CCCCCC;background-color:#F8F8F8;padding:0px;text-align:center">
<DIV class="center">
<DIV class="floatnone"><A href="/wiki/File:Kamehameha_I_full_5111.jpg" class="image" title="Statue of Kamehameha I, Aliʻiolani Hale. Honolulu, Oʻahu."><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Kamehameha_I_full_5111.jpg/116px-Kamehameha_I_full_5111.jpg" width="116" height="180" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Kamehameha_I_full_5111.jpg/174px-Kamehameha_I_full_5111.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Kamehameha_I_full_5111.jpg/232px-Kamehameha_I_full_5111.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2905" data-file-height="4500" /></A></DIV>
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<TD style="display:block;font-size:94%;padding:0px">
<DIV class="gallerytext" style="min-height:3.1em;width:187px;line-height:1.3em;padding:2px 6px 1px 6px;margin:0px;border:none;border-width:0px"><B>Statue of Kamehameha I, <A href="/wiki/Aliiolani_Hale" title="Aliiolani Hale">Ali<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>iolani Hale</A>.</B> Honolulu, O<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ahu. </DIV>
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</TBODY></TABLE>
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</TBODY></TABLE>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</SPAN></H2>
<DIV role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal plainlist tright" style="margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px">
<UL style="display:table;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0.1em;max-width:175px;background:#f9f9f9;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold">
<LI style="display:table-row"><SPAN style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center"><IMG alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Hawaii.svg/32px-Flag_of_Hawaii.svg.png" width="32" height="16" class="noviewer thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Hawaii.svg/48px-Flag_of_Hawaii.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Hawaii.svg/64px-Flag_of_Hawaii.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></SPAN><SPAN style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle"><A href="/wiki/Portal:Hawaii" title="Portal:Hawaii">Hawaii portal</A></SPAN></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Index_of_Hawaii-related_articles" title="Index of Hawaii-related articles">Index of Hawaii-related articles</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Outline_of_Hawaii" title="Outline of Hawaii">Outline of Hawaii</A> – organized list of topics about Hawaii</LI>
</UL>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="References">References</SPAN></H2>
<DIV class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;">
<OL class="references">
<LI id="cite_note-The_Bookmark_Book-1"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-The_Bookmark_Book_1-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Brodie, Carolyn S; Goodrich, Debra; Montgomery, Paula Kay (1996). [<I><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tYMxBX7jlkkC&pg=PA81">Hawaii</A></I>, p. 81, at <A href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</A> <I>The Bookmark Book</I>] <SPAN style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Check <CODE style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</CODE> value (<A href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#bad_url" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</A>)</SPAN>. Englewood, Colo.: Libraries Unlimited. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781563083006" title="Special:BookSources/9781563083006">9781563083006</A>. <A href="/wiki/OCLC" title="OCLC">OCLC</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/34164045">34164045</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">August 5,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bookmark+Book&rft.place=Englewood%2C+Colo.&rft.pub=Libraries+Unlimited&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F34164045&rft.isbn=9781563083006&rft.aulast=Brodie&rft.aufirst=Carolyn+S&rft.au=Goodrich%2C+Debra&rft.au=Montgomery%2C+Paula+Kay&rft_id=%27%27%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtYMxBX7jlkkC%26pg%3DPA81+Hawaii%5D%27%27%2C+p.+81%2C+at+Google+Books&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-2"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-2"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Hawaii State Legislature. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol01_Ch0001-0042F/HRS0005/HRS_0005-0009.htm">"Haw. Rev. Stat. § 5–9 (State motto)"</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">December 9,</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Haw.+Rev.+Stat.+%C2%A7+5%E2%80%939+%28State+motto%29&rft.au=Hawaii+State+Legislature&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.capitol.hawaii.gov%2Fhrscurrent%2FVol01_Ch0001-0042F%2FHRS0005%2FHRS_0005-0009.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-State_Song-3"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-State_Song_3-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Hawaii State Legislature. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030116122656/http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol01_Ch0001-0042F/hrs0005/HRS_0005-0010.htm">"Haw. Rev. Stat. § 5–10 (State song)"</A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol01_Ch0001-0042F/HRS0005/HRS_0005-0010.htm">the original</A> on January 16, 2003<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">December 9,</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Haw.+Rev.+Stat.+%C2%A7+5%E2%80%9310+%28State+song%29&rft.au=Hawaii+State+Legislature&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.capitol.hawaii.gov%2Fhrscurrent%2FVol01_Ch0001-0042F%2FHRS0005%2FHRS_0005-0010.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-PopHousingEst-5"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-PopHousingEst_5-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest.html">"Population and Housing Unit Estimates"</A>. <A href="/wiki/U.S._Census_Bureau" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Census Bureau">U.S. Census Bureau</A>. June 22, 2017<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">June 22,</SPAN> 2017</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+and+Housing+Unit+Estimates&rft.pub=U.S.+Census+Bureau&rft.date=2017-06-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fprograms-surveys%2Fpopest.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-6"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-6"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kff.org/other/state-indicator/median-annual-income/?currentTimeframe=0">"Median Annual Household Income"</A>. <I>The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">December 9,</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Henry+J.+Kaiser+Family+Foundation&rft.atitle=Median+Annual+Household+Income&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkff.org%2Fother%2Fstate-indicator%2Fmedian-annual-income%2F%3FcurrentTimeframe%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-7"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-7"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/ds_mark.prl?PidBox=TU2314">"Summit USGS 1977"</A>. <I>NGS data sheet</I>. <A href="/wiki/U.S._National_Geodetic_Survey" title="U.S. National Geodetic Survey">U.S. National Geodetic Survey</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">October 20,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NGS+data+sheet&rft.atitle=Summit+USGS+1977&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ngs.noaa.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fds_mark.prl%3FPidBox%3DTU2314&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-USGS-8"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-USGS_8-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-USGS_8-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111015012701/http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html">"Elevations and Distances in the United States"</A>. <A href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">United States Geological Survey</A>. 2001. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html">the original</A> on October 15, 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">October 21,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Elevations+and+Distances+in+the+United+States&rft.pub=United+States+Geological+Survey&rft.date=2001&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fegsc.usgs.gov%2Fisb%2Fpubs%2Fbooklets%2Felvadist%2Felvadist.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-NAVD88-9"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-NAVD88_9-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Elevation adjusted to <A href="/wiki/North_American_Vertical_Datum_of_1988" title="North American Vertical Datum of 1988">North American Vertical Datum of 1988</A>.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-10"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-10"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">The summit of <A href="/wiki/Mauna_Kea" title="Mauna Kea">Mauna Kea</A> is the highest point in <A href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceania</A>. Mauna Kea is also the tallest mountain on Earth when measured from base to summit. The <A href="/wiki/Shield_volcano" title="Shield volcano">shield volcano</A> sits on the floor of the Pacific Ocean at a depth of 5,998 meters (19,678 ft) for a total height of 10,205.3 meters (33,482 ft)</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-11"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-11"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title48-chapter3-front&num=0&edition=prelim">"48 USC 3 Hawaii"</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=48+USC+3+Hawaii&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuscode.house.gov%2Fview.xhtml%3Freq%3Dgranuleid%3AUSC-prelim-title48-chapter3-front%26num%3D0%26edition%3Dprelim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-boehonbcn-12"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-boehonbcn_12-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-boehonbcn_12-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-boehonbcn_12-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Boeing, G. (2016). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://geoffboeing.com/publications/honolulu-rail-transit-barcelona/">"Honolulu Rail Transit: International Lessons in Linking Form, Design, and Transportation"</A>. <I>Planext</I>. <B>2</B>: 28–47<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">April 29,</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Planext&rft.atitle=Honolulu+Rail+Transit%3A+International+Lessons+in+Linking+Form%2C+Design%2C+and+Transportation&rft.volume=2&rft.pages=28-47&rft.date=2016&rft.au=Boeing%2C+G.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgeoffboeing.com%2Fpublications%2Fhonolulu-rail-transit-barcelona%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-13"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-13"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnomath.org/resources/cartwright1929.pdf">The legend of Hawaiiloa by Bruce Cartwright</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070713091306/http://www.ethnomath.org/resources/cartwright1929.pdf">Archived</A> July 13, 2007, at the <A href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</A>.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-14"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-14"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061230195509/http://www.hawaiischoolreports.com/symbols/origins.htm">"Origins of Hawaii's Names"</A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hawaiischoolreports.com/symbols/origins.htm">the original</A> on December 30, 2006<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">February 24,</SPAN> 2007</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Origins+of+Hawaii%27s+Names&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hawaiischoolreports.com%2Fsymbols%2Forigins.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-15"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-15"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Pollex—a reconstruction of the Proto-Polynesian lexicon, Biggs and Clark, 1994. The asterisk preceding the word signifies that it is a reconstructed word form.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-16"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-16"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Pukui, Mary Kawena; Elbert, Samuel H. (1986). <I>Hawaiian Dictionary</I>. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. p. 62. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8248-0703-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-8248-0703-0">0-8248-0703-0</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hawaiian+Dictionary&rft.place=Honolulu&rft.pages=62&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=0-8248-0703-0&rft.aulast=Pukui&rft.aufirst=Mary+Kawena&rft.au=Elbert%2C+Samuel+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-17"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-17"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Pukui, Elbert, and Mookini 1974.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-18"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-18"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lrbhawaii.org/con/conart15.html">"Article XV, Section 4"</A>. <I>The Constitution of the State of Hawaii</I>. Hawaii Legislative Reference Bureau<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">March 18,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Constitution+of+the+State+of+Hawaii&rft.atitle=Article+XV%2C+Section+4&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flrbhawaii.org%2Fcon%2Fconart15.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-19"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-19"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lrbhawaii.org/con/conart15.html">"Article XV, Section 1"</A>. <I>The Constitution of the State of Hawaii</I>. Hawaii Legislative Reference Bureau<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">March 18,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Constitution+of+the+State+of+Hawaii&rft.atitle=Article+XV%2C+Section+1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flrbhawaii.org%2Fcon%2Fconart15.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-20"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-20"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lrbhawaii.org/con/conorg.html">"The Constitution of the State of Hawaii"</A>. <I>The Constitution of the State of Hawaii</I>. Hawaii Legislative Reference Bureau<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">March 18,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Constitution+of+the+State+of+Hawaii&rft.atitle=The+Constitution+of+the+State+of+Hawaii&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flrbhawaii.org%2Fcon%2Fconorg.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-22"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-22"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110618030826/http://www.wowpolynesia.com/hawaiian-language/">"Hawaiian language"</A>. Wow Polynesia. December 2, 2009. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wowpolynesia.com/hawaiian-language/">the original</A> on June 18, 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">April 16,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hawaiian+language&rft.pub=Wow+Polynesia&rft.date=2009-12-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wowpolynesia.com%2Fhawaiian-language%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-23"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-23"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=82975">"Hawaii : Image of the Day"</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hawaii+%3A+Image+of+the+Day&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fearthobservatory.nasa.gov%2FIOTD%2Fview.php%3Fid%3D82975&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-24"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-24"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Blay, Chuck, and Siemers, Robert. <I>Kauai‘’s Geologic History: A Simplified Guide.</I> Kaua‘i: TEOK Investigations, 2004. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780974472300" title="Special:BookSources/9780974472300">9780974472300</A>. (Cited in <CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hawaiianencyclopedia.com/thestateofhawaiithealohastate_new.asp">"Hawaiian Encyclopedia : The Islands"</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">June 20,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hawaiian+Encyclopedia+%3A+The+Islands&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hawaiianencyclopedia.com%2Fthestateofhawaiithealohastate_new.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN>)</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-25"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-25"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID:365308">U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Island of Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-26"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-26"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID:362237">U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Maui Island</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-27"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-27"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID:359508">U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: O<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ahu Island</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-28"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-28"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID:358305">U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Kaua<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i Island</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-29"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-29"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID:362468">U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Moloka<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i Island</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-30"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-30"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID:361712">U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Lāna<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i Island</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-31"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-31"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID:359509">U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Ni<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ihau Island</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-32"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-32"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID:359804">U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Kaho<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>olawe Island</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-33"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-33"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usgs.gov/faqs/what-constitutes-united-states-what-are-official-definitions">"What constitutes the United States, what are the official definitions?"</A>. <A href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">United States Geological Survey</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">July 3,</SPAN> 2007</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+constitutes+the+United+States%2C+what+are+the+official+definitions%3F&rft.pub=United+States+Geological+Survey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usgs.gov%2Ffaqs%2Fwhat-constitutes-united-states-what-are-official-definitions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-34"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-34"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Rubin, Ken. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/GG/HCV/haw_volc.html">"General Information about Hawaiian Shield Volcanoes"</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">1 December</SPAN> 2009</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=General+Information+about+Hawaiian+Shield+Volcanoes&rft.aulast=Rubin&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.soest.hawaii.edu%2FGG%2FHCV%2Fhaw_volc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-35"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-35"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hvo.wr.usgs.gov/volcanoes/maunakea/">"Mauna Kea Volcano, Hawaii"</A>. Hvo.wr.usgs.gov<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 5,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mauna+Kea+Volcano%2C+Hawaii&rft.pub=Hvo.wr.usgs.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhvo.wr.usgs.gov%2Fvolcanoes%2Fmaunakea%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-36"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-36"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Unke, Beata (2001). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hypertextbook.com/facts/2001/BeataUnke.shtml">"Height of the Tallest Mountain on Earth"</A>. <I>The Physics Factbook</I>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Physics+Factbook&rft.atitle=Height+of+the+Tallest+Mountain+on+Earth&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Unke&rft.aufirst=Beata&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhypertextbook.com%2Ffacts%2F2001%2FBeataUnke.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-37"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-37"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hvo.wr.usgs.gov/volcanowatch/1999/99_09_09.html">"Youngest lava flows on East Maui probably older than A.D. 1790"</A>. <A href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">United States Geological Survey</A>. September 9, 1999<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 5,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Youngest+lava+flows+on+East+Maui+probably+older+than+A.D.+1790&rft.pub=United+States+Geological+Survey&rft.date=1999-09-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhvo.wr.usgs.gov%2Fvolcanowatch%2F1999%2F99_09_09.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-38"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-38"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs074-97/">"Living on Acive Volcanoes—The Island of Hawaii, U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 074-97"</A>. Pubs.usgs.gov<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 5,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Living+on+Acive+Volcanoes%E2%80%94The+Island+of+Hawaii%2C+U.S.+Geological+Survey+Fact+Sheet+074-97&rft.pub=Pubs.usgs.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpubs.usgs.gov%2Ffs%2Ffs074-97%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-39"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-39"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Swanson, D. A.; Rausch, J (2008). "Human Footprints in Relation to the 1790 Eruption of Kīlauea". <I>American Geophysical Union</I>. American Geophysical Union. <B>11</B>: 2022. <A href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</A>:<A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008AGUFM.V11B2022S">2008AGUFM.V11B2022S</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Human+Footprints+in+Relation+to+the+1790+Eruption+of+K%C4%ABlauea&rft.volume=11&rft.pages=2022&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2008AGUFM.V11B2022S&rft.au=Swanson%2C+D.+A.&rft.au=Rausch%2C+J&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-40"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-40"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldatlas.com/aatlas/infopage/islands.htm">"Largest islands of the world"</A>. Worldatlas.com<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">April 16,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Largest+islands+of+the+world&rft.pub=Worldatlas.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldatlas.com%2Faatlas%2Finfopage%2Fislands.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-PTWC-41"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-PTWC_41-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Pacific Tsunami Warning Center (November 12, 2009). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110307231047/http://www.weather.gov/ptwc/hawaii.php">"Tsunami Safety & Preparedness in Hawaii"</A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prh.noaa.gov/ptwc/hawaii.php">the original</A> on March 7, 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 12,</SPAN> 2009</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tsunami+Safety+%26+Preparedness+in+Hawaii&rft.date=2009-11-12&rft.au=Pacific+Tsunami+Warning+Center&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.prh.noaa.gov%2Fptwc%2Fhawaii.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-42"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-42"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Le Bas, T.P. (2007). "Slope Failures on the Flanks of Southern Cape Verde Islands". In Lykousis, Vasilios. <I>Submarine mass movements and their consequences: 3rd international symposium</I>. Springer. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4020-6511-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4020-6511-8">978-1-4020-6511-8</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Slope+Failures+on+the+Flanks+of+Southern+Cape+Verde+Islands&rft.btitle=Submarine+mass+movements+and+their+consequences%3A+3rd+international+symposium&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-4020-6511-8&rft.au=Le+Bas%2C+T.P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-43"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-43"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Mitchell, N. (2003). "Susceptibility of mid-ocean ridge volcanic islands and seamounts to large scale landsliding". <I>Journal of Geophysical Research</I>. <B>108</B>: 1–23. <A href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</A>:<A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003JGRB..108.2397M">2003JGRB..108.2397M</A>. <A href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</A>:<A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//doi.org/10.1029%2F2002jb001997">10.1029/2002jb001997</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Susceptibility+of+mid-ocean+ridge+volcanic+islands+and+seamounts+to+large+scale+landsliding&rft.volume=108&rft.pages=1-23&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1029%2F2002jb001997&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2003JGRB..108.2397M&rft.au=Mitchell%2C+N.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-44"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-44"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Howard Youth. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070318100849/http://nationalzoo.si.edu/publications/zoogoer/1995/1/hawaiisforestbirds.cfm">"Hawaii's Forest Birds Sing the Blues"</A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nationalzoo.si.edu/publications/zoogoer/1995/1/hawaiisforestbirds.cfm">the original</A> on March 18, 2007<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">October 31,</SPAN> 2008</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hawaii%27s+Forest+Birds+Sing+the+Blues&rft.au=Howard+Youth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnationalzoo.si.edu%2Fpublications%2Fzoogoer%2F1995%2F1%2Fhawaiisforestbirds.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-45"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-45"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/hawnprop/plants/bri-insi.htm">"Hawaiian Native Plant Propagation Database"</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">December 15,</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hawaiian+Native+Plant+Propagation+Database&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ctahr.hawaii.edu%2Fhawnprop%2Fplants%2Fbri-insi.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-46"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-46"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Stephen Buchmann; Gary Paul Nabhan (June 22, 2012). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YWTZs5fSqb8C&pg=PA133"><I>The Forgotten Pollinators</I></A>. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781597269087" title="Special:BookSources/9781597269087">9781597269087</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">December 17,</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Forgotten+Pollinators&rft.date=2012-06-22&rft.isbn=9781597269087&rft.au=Stephen+Buchmann&rft.au=Gary+Paul+Nabhan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYWTZs5fSqb8C%26pg%3DPA133&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-47"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-47"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nps.gov/state/HI">"Hawaii"</A>. National Park Service<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">July 15,</SPAN> 2008</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hawaii&rft.pub=National+Park+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nps.gov%2Fstate%2FHI&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-48"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-48"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Joshua Reichert and <A href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_IV" title="Theodore Roosevelt IV">Theodore Roosevelt IV</A> (June 15, 2006). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060930183659/http://www.pewtrusts.org/ideas/ideas_item.cfm?content_item_id=3417&content_type_id=15&issue_name=Protecting%20ocean%20life&issue=16&page=15&name=Op-eds%20%28Pew%29">"Treasure Islands"</A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pewtrusts.org/ideas/ideas_item.cfm?content_item_id=3417&content_type_id=15&issue_name=Protecting%20ocean%20life&issue=16&page=15&name=Op-eds%20%28Pew%29">the original</A> on September 30, 2006.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Treasure+Islands&rft.date=2006-06-15&rft.au=Joshua+Reichert+and+Theodore+Roosevelt+IV&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewtrusts.org%2Fideas%2Fideas_item.cfm%3Fcontent_item_id%3D3417%26content_type_id%3D15%26issue_name%3DProtecting%2520ocean%2520life%26issue%3D16%26page%3D15%26name%3DOp-eds%2520%2528Pew%2529&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-49"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-49"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=3510">"Hawaiian Islands : Image of the Day"</A>. Earthobservatory.nasa.gov<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 5,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hawaiian+Islands+%3A+Image+of+the+Day&rft.pub=Earthobservatory.nasa.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fearthobservatory.nasa.gov%2FIOTD%2Fview.php%3Fid%3D3510&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-50"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-50"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prh.noaa.gov/hnl/pages/climate_summary.php">"Climate of Hawaii"</A>. Prh.noaa.gov<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 5,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Climate+of+Hawaii&rft.pub=Prh.noaa.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.prh.noaa.gov%2Fhnl%2Fpages%2Fclimate_summary.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-:0-51"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-:0_51-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-:0_51-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/extremes/scec/records">"State Climate Extremes Committee (SCEC)"</A>. US National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Centers for Environmental Information<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">February 2,</SPAN> 2017</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=State+Climate+Extremes+Committee+%28SCEC%29&rft.pub=US+National+Oceanographic+and+Atmospheric+Administration+%28NOAA%29%2C+National+Centers+for+Environmental+Information.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncdc.noaa.gov%2Fextremes%2Fscec%2Frecords&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-52"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-52"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/20/7512-">"United States Code: Title 20,7512. Findings | LII / Legal Information Institute"</A>. Law.cornell.edu<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 5,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=United+States+Code%3A+Title+20%2C7512.+Findings+%26%23124%3B+LII+%2F+Legal+Information+Institute&rft.pub=Law.cornell.edu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.law.cornell.edu%2Fuscode%2Ftext%2F20%2F7512-&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-53"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-53"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.netstate.com/states/government/hi_government.htm">"Hawaii State Government"</A>. Netstate.com<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 5,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hawaii+State+Government&rft.pub=Netstate.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.netstate.com%2Fstates%2Fgovernment%2Fhi_government.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-54"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-54"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book"><A href="/wiki/Patrick_Vinton_Kirch" title="Patrick Vinton Kirch">Kirch, Patrick Vinton</A> (1989). <I>The Evolution of the Polynesian Chiefdoms</I>. Cambridge University Press. pp. 77–79. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-27316-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-27316-1">0-521-27316-1</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Evolution+of+the+Polynesian+Chiefdoms&rft.pages=77-79&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=0-521-27316-1&rft.aulast=Kirch&rft.aufirst=Patrick+Vinton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-55"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-55"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">West, Barbara A. (2009). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pCiNqFj3MQsC&pg=PA270"><I>Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Asia and Oceania</I></A>. Infobase Publishing. p. 270. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1438119135" title="Special:BookSources/1438119135">1438119135</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+Peoples+of+Asia+and+Oceania&rft.pages=270&rft.pub=Infobase+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=1438119135&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=Barbara+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpCiNqFj3MQsC%26pg%3DPA270&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Kane-56"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Kane_56-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book"><A href="/wiki/Herb_Kawainui_Kane" class="mw-redirect" title="Herb Kawainui Kane">Kane, Herb Kawainui</A> (1996). "The Manila Galleons". In Bob Dye. <I>Hawaii Chronicles: Island History from the Pages of Honolulu Magazine</I>. <B>I</B>. Honolulu: <A href="/wiki/University_of_Hawaii_Press" title="University of Hawaii Press">University of Hawaii Press</A>. pp. 25–32. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8248-1829-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-8248-1829-6">0-8248-1829-6</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Manila+Galleons&rft.btitle=Hawaii+Chronicles%3A+Island+History+from+the+Pages+of+Honolulu+Magazine&rft.place=Honolulu&rft.pages=25-32&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-8248-1829-6&rft.aulast=Kane&rft.aufirst=Herb+Kawainui&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-57"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-57"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://heroesdehispania.blogspot.se/2014/05/ruy-lopez-de-villalobos-descubridor-de.html">"Ruy López de Villalobos (descubridor de Hawai)"</A>. <I>heroesdehispania.blogspot.se</I> (in Spanish)<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">January 5,</SPAN> 2017</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=heroesdehispania.blogspot.se&rft.atitle=Ruy+L%C3%B3pez+de+Villalobos+%28descubridor+de+Hawai%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fheroesdehispania.blogspot.se%2F2014%2F05%2Fruy-lopez-de-villalobos-descubridor-de.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-58"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-58"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">By Oliver, Douglas L. (1989). <I>The Pacific Islands</I>. University of Hawaii Press. p. 45. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8248-1233-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-8248-1233-6">0-8248-1233-6</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-59"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-59"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Coulter, John Wesley (1964). "Great Britain in Hawaii: The Captain Cook Monument". <I>The Geographical Journal</I>. <B>130</B> (2): 256. <A href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</A>:<A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//doi.org/10.2307%2F1794586">10.2307/1794586</A>. <A href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/1794586">1794586</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Geographical+Journal&rft.atitle=Great+Britain+in+Hawaii%3A+The+Captain+Cook+Monument&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=256&rft.date=1964&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1794586&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1794586&rft.aulast=Coulter&rft.aufirst=John+Wesley&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-60"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-60"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/hawaii-notes/vol6-59h.htm">"Hawaiʻi Nature Notes"</A>. Hawaii National Park. June 1959.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hawai%CA%BBi+Nature+Notes&rft.pub=Hawaii+National+Park&rft.date=1959-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nps.gov%2Fhistory%2Fhistory%2Fonline_books%2Fhawaii-notes%2Fvol6-59h.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-61"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-61"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.idaho.gov/sites/default/files/uploads/reference-series/0036.pdf">"The Name Owyhee"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. Idaho State Historical Society. August 1964<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">January 1,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Name+Owyhee&rft.pub=Idaho+State+Historical+Society&rft.date=1964-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.idaho.gov%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fuploads%2Freference-series%2F0036.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-62"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-62"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Stanley D. Porteus, <I>Calabashes and Kings: An Introduction to Hawaii.</I> Kessinger Publishing, 2005; p. 17</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-63"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-63"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Kuykendall. <I>The Hawaiian Kingdom Volume I: Foundation and Transformation</I>. p. 18. <Q>Cook's plan was to get the king on board the Resolution and keep him there until the stolen boat was returned—a plan that had been effective under similar circumstances in the south Pacific.</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hawaiian+Kingdom+Volume+I%3A+Foundation+and+Transformation&rft.pages=18&rft.au=Kuykendall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-EB-64"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-EB_64-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/257332">Hawaii</A> at <I><A href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</A></I></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-65"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-65"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">United States Congress Senate United States Senate Committee on Indian Affairs (1993– ) U.S. G.P.O., 2000 (2000). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/011330718"><I>To express the policy of the United States regarding the United States' relationship with Native Hawaiians, and for other purposes: report (to accompany S. 2899)</I></A>. Washington, D.C. p. 7.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=To+express+the+policy+of+the+United+States+regarding+the+United+States%27+relationship+with+Native+Hawaiians%2C+and+for+other+purposes%3A+report+%28to+accompany+S.+2899%29&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pages=7&rft.date=2000&rft.au=United+States+Congress+Senate+United+States+Senate+Committee+on+Indian+Affairs+%281993%E2%80%93+%29+U.S.+G.P.O.%2C+2000&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcatalog.hathitrust.org%2FRecord%2F011330718&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-66"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-66"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070207121510/http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/database/article_display.cfm?HHID=422">"Migration and Disease"</A>. <I>Digital History</I>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/database/article_display.cfm?HHID=422">the original</A> on February 7, 2007.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Digital+History&rft.atitle=Migration+and+Disease&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.digitalhistory.uh.edu%2Fdatabase%2Farticle_display.cfm%3FHHID%3D422&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-67"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-67"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Fry, Kathie. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hawaiiforvisitors.com/monarchy/kamehameha-dynasty.htm">"Kamehameha Dynasty"</A>. <I>Hawaii for Visitors</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 7,</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hawaii+for+Visitors&rft.atitle=Kamehameha+Dynasty&rft.aulast=Fry&rft.aufirst=Kathie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hawaiiforvisitors.com%2Fmonarchy%2Fkamehameha-dynasty.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-68"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-68"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">MacDonald, Margaret Read (2013-12-16). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=i8RdAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA165"><I>Traditional Storytelling Today: An International Sourcebook</I></A>. Routledge. p. 165. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781135917142" title="Special:BookSources/9781135917142">9781135917142</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Traditional+Storytelling+Today%3A+An+International+Sourcebook&rft.pages=165&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013-12-16&rft.isbn=9781135917142&rft.aulast=MacDonald&rft.aufirst=Margaret+Read&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Di8RdAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA165&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-69"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-69"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Diamond, Heather A. (200 8-01-01). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_3DrC3iFfQQC&pg=PA15"><I>American Aloha: Cultural Tourism and the Negotiation of Tradition</I></A>. University of Hawaii Press. p. 15. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780824831714" title="Special:BookSources/9780824831714">9780824831714</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Aloha%3A+Cultural+Tourism+and+the+Negotiation+of+Tradition&rft.pages=15&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft.isbn=9780824831714&rft.aulast=Diamond&rft.aufirst=Heather+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_3DrC3iFfQQC%26pg%3DPA15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN> <SPAN style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Check date values in: <CODE style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|date=</CODE> (<A href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#bad_date" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</A>)</SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-70"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-70"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hooilina.org/cgi-bin/journal?e=p-0journal--00-0-0-004-Document---0-1--1en-50---20-docoptions-search-issue---001-0110escapewin&a=p&p=frameset&cl=&d=HASH0166acfd8ec6df2fa38fd161.5.2.6">"Ho'oilina Legacy Collection"</A>. <I>hooilina.org</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">2017-02-12</SPAN></SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hooilina.org&rft.atitle=Ho%27oilina+Legacy+Collection&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhooilina.org%2Fcgi-bin%2Fjournal%3Fe%3Dp-0journal--00-0-0-004-Document---0-1--1en-50---20-docoptions-search-issue---001-0110escapewin%26a%3Dp%26p%3Dframeset%26cl%3D%26d%3DHASH0166acfd8ec6df2fa38fd161.5.2.6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-71"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-71"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Goucher, Candice; Walton, Linda (2013-03-12). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=O_3fCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA572"><I>World History: Journeys from Past to Present</I></A>. Routledge. p. 572. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781135088293" title="Special:BookSources/9781135088293">9781135088293</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=World+History%3A+Journeys+from+Past+to+Present&rft.pages=572&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013-03-12&rft.isbn=9781135088293&rft.aulast=Goucher&rft.aufirst=Candice&rft.au=Walton%2C+Linda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DO_3fCgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA572&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-72"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-72"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Schmitt, Robert C. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/handle/10524/240/JL07047.pdf?sequence=1">"Religious Statistics of Hawaii, 1825–1972"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN> (Typographical error in "1950", meant to be "1850"). p. 43.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Religious+Statistics+of+Hawaii%2C+1825%E2%80%931972&rft.pages=43&rft.aulast=Schmitt&rft.aufirst=Robert+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fevols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F10524%2F240%2FJL07047.pdf%3Fsequence%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-73"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-73"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Education, University of Michigan School of (1947-01-01). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Bb0HAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA5"><I>Studies in the History of American Education</I></A>. UM Libraries. p. 5.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Studies+in+the+History+of+American+Education&rft.pages=5&rft.pub=UM+Libraries&rft.date=1947-01-01&rft.aulast=Education&rft.aufirst=University+of+Michigan+School+of&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBb0HAAAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-74"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-74"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Martin, Dr Kathleen J. (2013-06-28). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HPyhAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA89"><I>Indigenous Symbols and Practices in the Catholic Church: Visual Culture, Missionization and Appropriation</I></A>. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 89. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781409480655" title="Special:BookSources/9781409480655">9781409480655</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indigenous+Symbols+and+Practices+in+the+Catholic+Church%3A+Visual+Culture%2C+Missionization+and+Appropriation&rft.pages=89&rft.pub=Ashgate+Publishing%2C+Ltd.&rft.date=2013-06-28&rft.isbn=9781409480655&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Dr+Kathleen+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHPyhAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA89&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-75"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-75"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ulukau.org/elib/cgi-bin/library?e=d-0kingdom3-000Sec--11en-50-20-frameset-book--1-010escapewin&a=d&d=D0.3&toc=0">"Ulukau: The Hawaiian kingdom, vol. 3, 1874–1893, The Kalakaua dynasty"</A>. <I>www.ulukau.org</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">2017-02-12</SPAN></SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ulukau.org&rft.atitle=Ulukau%3A+The+Hawaiian+kingdom%2C+vol.+3%2C+1874%E2%80%931893%2C+The+Kalakaua+dynasty&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ulukau.org%2Felib%2Fcgi-bin%2Flibrary%3Fe%3Dd-0kingdom3-000Sec--11en-50-20-frameset-book--1-010escapewin%26a%3Dd%26d%3DD0.3%26toc%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-76"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-76"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ulukau.org/elib/cgi-bin/library?e=d-0kingdom3-000Sec--11en-50-20-frameset-book--1-010escapewin&a=d&d=D0.21&toc=0">"Ulukau: The Hawaiian kingdom, vol. 3, 1874–1893, The Kalakaua dynasty"</A>. <I>www.ulukau.org</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">2017-02-12</SPAN></SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ulukau.org&rft.atitle=Ulukau%3A+The+Hawaiian+kingdom%2C+vol.+3%2C+1874%E2%80%931893%2C+The+Kalakaua+dynasty&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ulukau.org%2Felib%2Fcgi-bin%2Flibrary%3Fe%3Dd-0kingdom3-000Sec--11en-50-20-frameset-book--1-010escapewin%26a%3Dd%26d%3DD0.21%26toc%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Adam-77"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-Adam_77-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Adam_77-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Russ, William Adam (1992). <I>The Hawaiian Revolution (1893–94)</I>. Associated University Presses. p. 350. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-945636-43-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-945636-43-1">0-945636-43-1</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hawaiian+Revolution+%281893%E2%80%9394%29&rft.pages=350&rft.pub=Associated+University+Presses&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=0-945636-43-1&rft.aulast=Russ&rft.aufirst=William+Adam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-78"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-78"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Kuykendall, R.S. (1967). <I>The Hawaiian Kingdom, 1874–1893</I>. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. p. 648.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hawaiian+Kingdom%2C+1874%E2%80%931893&rft.place=Honolulu&rft.pages=648&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft.date=1967&rft.au=Kuykendall%2C+R.S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-79"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-79"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Kinzer, Stephen (2006). <I>Overthrow: America's Century of Regime Change From Hawaii to Iraq</I>. Times Books. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8050-7861-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8050-7861-4">0-8050-7861-4</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Overthrow%3A+America%27s+Century+of+Regime+Change+From+Hawaii+to+Iraq&rft.pub=Times+Books&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-8050-7861-4&rft.aulast=Kinzer&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-80"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-80"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hawaiireporter.com/rush-limbaugh-sounds-off-on-akaka-bill/123">"Rush Limbaugh Sounds Off on Akaka Bill"</A>. <I>Hawaii Reporter</I>. August 18, 2005.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hawaii+Reporter&rft.atitle=Rush+Limbaugh+Sounds+Off+on+Akaka+Bill&rft.date=2005-08-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hawaiireporter.com%2Frush-limbaugh-sounds-off-on-akaka-bill%2F123&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-HDAICS-81"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-HDAICS_81-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-HDAICS_81-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A href="/wiki/Bruce_Fein" title="Bruce Fein">Fein, Bruce</A> (June 6, 2005). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.angelfire.com/hi5/bigfiles3/AkakaHawaiiDividedFeinJune2005.pdf">"Hawaii Divided Against Itself Cannot Stand"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. Honolulu: <A href="/wiki/Grassroot_Institute_of_Hawaii" class="mw-redirect" title="Grassroot Institute of Hawaii">Grassroot Institute of Hawaii</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 7,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hawaii+Divided+Against+Itself+Cannot+Stand&rft.place=Honolulu&rft.pub=Grassroot+Institute+of+Hawaii&rft.date=2005-06-06&rft.aulast=Fein&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.angelfire.com%2Fhi5%2Fbigfiles3%2FAkakaHawaiiDividedFeinJune2005.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-82"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-82"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://morganreport.org/mediawiki/index.php?title=1897_Annexation_Treaty">"1897 Hawaii Annexation Treaty"</A>. <I>The <A href="/wiki/Morgan_Report" title="Morgan Report">Morgan Report</A></I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">August 14,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Morgan+Report&rft.atitle=1897+Hawaii+Annexation+Treaty&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmorganreport.org%2Fmediawiki%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3D1897_Annexation_Treaty&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-83"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-83"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120317183803/http://libweb.hawaii.edu/digicoll/annexation/pet-intro.html">"Anti-annexation petitions – Page 1"</A>. Libweb.hawaii.edu. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libweb.hawaii.edu/digicoll/annexation/pet-intro.html">the original</A> on March 17, 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">March 9,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Anti-annexation+petitions+%E2%80%93+Page+1&rft.pub=Libweb.hawaii.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibweb.hawaii.edu%2Fdigicoll%2Fannexation%2Fpet-intro.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-84"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-84"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Dyke, Jon M. Van (2008-01-01). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IjZPcGb2R08C&pg=PA209"><I>Who Owns the Crown Lands of Hawai_i?</I></A>. University of Hawaii Press. p. 209. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780824832117" title="Special:BookSources/9780824832117">9780824832117</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Who+Owns+the+Crown+Lands+of+Hawai_i%3F&rft.pages=209&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft.date=2008-01-01&rft.isbn=9780824832117&rft.aulast=Dyke&rft.aufirst=Jon+M.+Van&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIjZPcGb2R08C%26pg%3DPA209&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-85"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-85"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SDU18980616.2.60">"Sacramento Daily Union 16 June 1898 — California Digital Newspaper Collection"</A>. <I>cdnc.ucr.edu</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">2017-02-12</SPAN></SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cdnc.ucr.edu&rft.atitle=Sacramento+Daily+Union+16+June+1898+%E2%80%94+California+Digital+Newspaper+Collection&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcdnc.ucr.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fcdnc%3Fa%3Dd%26d%3DSDU18980616.2.60&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-86"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-86"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">samuelson. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hrmakahinui.com/Timeline_Kingdom_of_Hawaii.php">"Annexation Timeline – of the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii"</A>. <I>hrmakahinui.com</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">2017-02-12</SPAN></SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hrmakahinui.com&rft.atitle=Annexation+Timeline+%E2%80%93+of+the+overthrow+of+the+Kingdom+of+Hawaii&rft.au=samuelson&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhrmakahinui.com%2FTimeline_Kingdom_of_Hawaii.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-87"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-87"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">USA, IBP (2009-03-20). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aGndCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA16"><I>US: Hawaii Investment and Business Guide Volume 1 Strategic and Practical Information</I></A>. Lulu.com. p. 16. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781438721880" title="Special:BookSources/9781438721880">9781438721880</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=US%3A+Hawaii+Investment+and+Business+Guide+Volume+1+Strategic+and+Practical+Information&rft.pages=16&rft.pub=Lulu.com&rft.date=2009-03-20&rft.isbn=9781438721880&rft.aulast=USA&rft.aufirst=IBP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaGndCwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-88"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-88"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abebooks.co.uk/Hawaii-Statehood-Honolulu-Star-Bulletin/7223272607/bd">"Hawaii Statehood – Honolulu Star-Bulletin by HAWAII: Honolulu, Hawaii No binding – Seth Kaller Inc"</A>. <I>www.abebooks.co.uk</I> (in en_GB)<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">2017-02-12</SPAN></SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.abebooks.co.uk&rft.atitle=Hawaii+Statehood+%E2%80%93+Honolulu+Star-Bulletin+by+HAWAII%3A+Honolulu%2C+Hawaii+No+binding+%E2%80%93+Seth+Kaller+Inc.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abebooks.co.uk%2FHawaii-Statehood-Honolulu-Star-Bulletin%2F7223272607%2Fbd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (<A href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_Unrecognized_language" title="Category:CS1 maint: Unrecognized language">link</A>)</SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-89"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-89"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Jennifer Ludden. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5391395">"1965 immigration law changed face of America"</A>. NPR<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">September 3,</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1965+immigration+law+changed+face+of+America&rft.pub=NPR&rft.au=Jennifer+Ludden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Ftemplates%2Fstory%2Fstory.php%3FstoryId%3D5391395&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-90"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-90"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Inc., Gallup,. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gallup.com/poll/188969/red-states-outnumber-blue-first-time-gallup-tracking.aspx">"Red States Outnumber Blue for First Time in Gallup Tracking"</A>. <I>gallup.com</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">January 5,</SPAN> 2017</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gallup.com&rft.atitle=Red+States+Outnumber+Blue+for+First+Time+in+Gallup+Tracking&rft.aulast=Inc.&rft.aufirst=Gallup%2C&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gallup.com%2Fpoll%2F188969%2Fred-states-outnumber-blue-first-time-gallup-tracking.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-91"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-91"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">[ 2016 election result – Politico]</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-92"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-92"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Boundless (August 8, 2016). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boundless.com/political-science/textbooks/boundless-political-science-textbook/interest-groups-7/modern-political-parties-59/red-states-vs-blue-states-337-4262/">"Red States vs. Blue States"</A>. <I>boundless.com</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">January 5,</SPAN> 2017</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=boundless.com&rft.atitle=Red+States+vs.+Blue+States&rft.date=2016-08-08&rft.au=Boundless&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boundless.com%2Fpolitical-science%2Ftextbooks%2Fboundless-political-science-textbook%2Finterest-groups-7%2Fmodern-political-parties-59%2Fred-states-vs-blue-states-337-4262%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-93"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-93"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://elections.nbcnews.com/ns/politics/2012/all/president/#.VyUpyPkrK00">"2012 Presidential Race – Election Results by State – NBC News"</A>. <I>nbcnews.com</I>. December 2, 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">January 5,</SPAN> 2017</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nbcnews.com&rft.atitle=2012+Presidential+Race+%E2%80%93+Election+Results+by+State+%E2%80%93+NBC+News&rft.date=2011-12-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Felections.nbcnews.com%2Fns%2Fpolitics%2F2012%2Fall%2Fpresident%2F%23.VyUpyPkrK00&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-94"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-94"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation audio-visual"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/1959-03-16_Aloha_Hawaii"><I>Video: Aloha Hawaii. islanders Celebrate Long-Sought Statehood, 1959/03/16 (1959)</I></A>. <A href="/wiki/Universal_Newsreel" title="Universal Newsreel">Universal Newsreel</A>. 1959<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">February 20,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Video%3A+Aloha+Hawaii.+islanders+Celebrate+Long-Sought+Statehood%2C+1959%2F03%2F16+%281959%29&rft.pub=Universal+Newsreel&rft.date=1959&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2F1959-03-16_Aloha_Hawaii&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-celebrating-50-years-of-statehood-95"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-celebrating-50-years-of-statehood_95-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140321081230/http://archive.lingle.hawaii.gov/govgallery/news/files/2009/march/celebrating-50-years-of-statehood">"Commemorating 50 Years of Statehood"</A>. <I>archive.lingle.hawaii.gov</I>. State of Hawaii. March 18, 2009. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.lingle.hawaii.gov/govgallery/news/files/2009/march/celebrating-50-years-of-statehood">the original</A> on March 21, 2014<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">March 21,</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>. <Q>On June 27, 1959, a plebiscite was held to allow Hawaii residents to ratify the congressional vote for statehood. The 'yes for statehood' garnered 94.3 percent (132,773 votes) while the 'no' ballots totaled 5.7 percent (7,971 votes).</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=archive.lingle.hawaii.gov&rft.atitle=Commemorating+50+Years+of+Statehood&rft.date=2009-03-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.lingle.hawaii.gov%2Fgovgallery%2Fnews%2Ffiles%2F2009%2Fmarch%2Fcelebrating-50-years-of-statehood&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-96"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-96"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hawaiianencyclopedia.com/population-and-visitor-statist.asp">"Hawaiian Encyclopedia : Population and Visitor Statistics"</A>. Hawaiianencyclopedia.com. July 1, 2002<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">January 21,</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hawaiian+Encyclopedia+%3A+Population+and+Visitor+Statistics&rft.pub=Hawaiianencyclopedia.com&rft.date=2002-07-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hawaiianencyclopedia.com%2Fpopulation-and-visitor-statist.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-PopEstUS-97"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-PopEstUS_97-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-PopEstUS_97-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151223235718/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/state/totals/2015/tables/NST-EST2015-01.csv">"Table 1. Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for the United States, Regions, States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015"</A>. <A href="/wiki/U.S._Census_Bureau" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Census Bureau">U.S. Census Bureau</A>. December 26, 2015. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/popest/data/state/totals/2015/tables/NST-EST2015-01.csv">the original</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(CSV)</SPAN> on December 23, 2015<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">December 26,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Table+1.+Annual+Estimates+of+the+Resident+Population+for+the+United+States%2C+Regions%2C+States%2C+and+Puerto+Rico%3A+April+1%2C+2010+to+July+1%2C+2015&rft.pub=U.S.+Census+Bureau&rft.date=2015-12-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fpopest%2Fdata%2Fstate%2Ftotals%2F2015%2Ftables%2FNST-EST2015-01.csv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-98"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-98"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130602145540/http://stateofthereunion.com/home/season-2-2/las-vegas-nv">"Las Vegas: Bright Lights, Big City, Small Town"</A>. State of the Reunion. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stateofthereunion.com/home/season-2-2/las-vegas-nv">the original</A> on June 2, 2013<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">July 5,</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Las+Vegas%3A+Bright+Lights%2C+Big+City%2C+Small+Town&rft.pub=State+of+the+Reunion&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstateofthereunion.com%2Fhome%2Fseason-2-2%2Flas-vegas-nv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-99"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-99"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2010/Apr/11/tr/hawaii4110346.html">"Hawaii's ninth island offers everything we need"</A>. Honolulu Advertiser<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">July 6,</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hawaii%27s+ninth+island+offers+everything+we+need&rft.pub=Honolulu+Advertiser&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthe.honoluluadvertiser.com%2Farticle%2F2010%2FApr%2F11%2Ftr%2Fhawaii4110346.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-101"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-101"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111028063456/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/15000.html">"Hawaii Quickfacts"</A>. Quickfacts.census.gov. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/15000.html">the original</A> on October 28, 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 5,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hawaii+Quickfacts&rft.pub=Quickfacts.census.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fquickfacts.census.gov%2Fqfd%2Fstates%2F15000.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-USCB_density-102"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-USCB_density_102-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111028061117/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-dens-text.php">"Resident Population Data – 2010 Census"</A>. <I>2010 Census</I>. Washington, DC: <A href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">U.S. Census Bureau</A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-dens-text.php#AREA_HI">the original</A> on October 28, 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 7,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=2010+Census&rft.atitle=Resident+Population+Data+%E2%80%93+2010+Census&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F2010.census.gov%2F2010census%2Fdata%2Fapportionment-dens-text.php%23AREA_HI&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-103"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-103"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20100615135706/http://www.census.gov/population/projections/MethTab2.xls">"Average life expectancy at birth by state"</A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/population/projections/MethTab2.xls">the original</A> on June 15, 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 5,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Average+life+expectancy+at+birth+by+state&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fpopulation%2Fprojections%2FMethTab2.xls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Hawaii_mil-104"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Hawaii_mil_104-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121019001235/http://siadapp.dmdc.osd.mil/personnel/MILITARY/history/hst1109.pdf">"Active Duty Military Personnel Strengths by Regional Area and by Country (309A)"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. <I>Department of Defense</I>. September 30, 2013. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://siadapp.dmdc.osd.mil/personnel/MILITARY/history/hst1109.pdf">the original</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN> on October 19, 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">October 21,</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Department+of+Defense&rft.atitle=Active+Duty+Military+Personnel+Strengths+by+Regional+Area+and+by+Country+%28309A%29&rft.date=2013-09-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsiadapp.dmdc.osd.mil%2Fpersonnel%2FMILITARY%2Fhistory%2Fhst1109.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-105"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-105"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Linda K. Menton; Eileen Tamura (1999). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_gpHpAu3NfkC&pg=PA92"><I>A History of Hawaii, Student Book</I></A>. CRDG. p. 92.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Hawaii%2C+Student+Book&rft.pages=92&rft.pub=CRDG&rft.date=1999&rft.au=Linda+K.+Menton&rft.au=Eileen+Tamura&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_gpHpAu3NfkC%26pg%3DPA92&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-106"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-106"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111028064539/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php">"Resident Population Data – 2010 Census"</A>. 2010.census.gov. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php">the original</A> on October 28, 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">April 16,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Resident+Population+Data+%E2%80%93+2010+Census&rft.pub=2010.census.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F2010.census.gov%2F2010census%2Fdata%2Fapportionment-pop-text.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Hawaii_QuickFacts-107"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Hawaii_QuickFacts_107-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111028063456/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/15000.html">"Hawaii QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau"</A>. <I>State and County QuickFacts</I>. Washington, DC: <A href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">U.S. Census Bureau</A>. January 17, 2012. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/15000.html">the original</A> on October 28, 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">June 2,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=State+and+County+QuickFacts&rft.atitle=Hawaii+QuickFacts+from+the+US+Census+Bureau&rft.date=2012-01-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fquickfacts.census.gov%2Fqfd%2Fstates%2F15000.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-census-108"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-census_108-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-census_108-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Population Division, Laura K. Yax. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080725044857/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0056/twps0056.html">"Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For The United States, Regions, Divisions, and States"</A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0056/twps0056.html">the original</A> on July 25, 2008.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Historical+Census+Statistics+on+Population+Totals+By+Race%2C+1790+to+1990%2C+and+By+Hispanic+Origin%2C+1970+to+1990%2C+For+The+United+States%2C+Regions%2C+Divisions%2C+and+States&rft.au=Population+Division%2C+Laura+K.+Yax&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fpopulation%2Fwww%2Fdocumentation%2Ftwps0056%2Ftwps0056.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-109"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-109"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.is/20140107203104/http://censusviewer.com/city/HI">"Population of Hawaii: Census 2010 and 2000 Interactive Map, Demographics, Statistics, Quick Facts"</A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://censusviewer.com/city/HI">the original</A> on January 7, 2014.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+of+Hawaii%3A+Census+2010+and+2000+Interactive+Map%2C+Demographics%2C+Statistics%2C+Quick+Facts&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcensusviewer.com%2Fcity%2FHI&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-110"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-110"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Center for New Media and Promotions(C2PO). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/2010census/data/">"2010 Census Data"</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2010+Census+Data&rft.au=Center+for+New+Media+and+Promotions%28C2PO%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2F2010census%2Fdata%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-111"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-111"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Bureau, U.S. Census. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=PEP_2015_PEPASR6H&prodType=table">"American FactFinder – Results"</A>. <I>census.gov</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">January 5,</SPAN> 2017</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=census.gov&rft.atitle=American+FactFinder+%E2%80%93+Results&rft.aulast=Bureau&rft.aufirst=U.S.+Census&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffactfinder.census.gov%2Ffaces%2Ftableservices%2Fjsf%2Fpages%2Fproductview.xhtml%3Fpid%3DPEP_2015_PEPASR6H%26prodType%3Dtable&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-112"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-112"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news">Exner, Rich (June 3, 2012). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cleveland.com/datacentral/index.ssf/2012/06/americas_under_age_1_populatio.html">"Americans under age 1 now mostly minorities, but not in Ohio: Statistical Snapshot"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/The_Plain_Dealer" title="The Plain Dealer">The Plain Dealer</A></I>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Plain+Dealer&rft.atitle=Americans+under+age+1+now+mostly+minorities%2C+but+not+in+Ohio%3A+Statistical+Snapshot&rft.date=2012-06-03&rft.aulast=Exner&rft.aufirst=Rich&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cleveland.com%2Fdatacentral%2Findex.ssf%2F2012%2F06%2Famericas_under_age_1_populatio.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-US_Census_Bureau-113"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-US_Census_Bureau_113-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-US_Census_Bureau_113-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140305164937/http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_DP_DPDP1&prodType=table">"Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data"</A>. <A href="/wiki/US_Census_Bureau" class="mw-redirect" title="US Census Bureau">US Census Bureau</A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_DP_DPDP1&prodType=table">the original</A> on March 5, 2014<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 22,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Profile+of+General+Population+and+Housing+Characteristics%3A+2010+Demographic+Profile+Data&rft.pub=US+Census+Bureau&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffactfinder2.census.gov%2Ffaces%2Ftableservices%2Fjsf%2Fpages%2Fproductview.xhtml%3Fpid%3DDEC_10_DP_DPDP1%26prodType%3Dtable&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-American_FactFinder-114"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-American_FactFinder_114-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_SF1_QTP9&prodType=table">"Race Reporting for the Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander Population by Selected Categories: 2010"</A>. <A href="/wiki/US_Census_Bureau" class="mw-redirect" title="US Census Bureau">US Census Bureau</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">April 29,</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Race+Reporting+for+the+Native+Hawaiian+and+Other+Pacific+Islander+Population+by+Selected+Categories%3A+2010&rft.pub=US+Census+Bureau&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffactfinder2.census.gov%2Ffaces%2Ftableservices%2Fjsf%2Fpages%2Fproductview.xhtml%3Fpid%3DDEC_10_SF1_QTP9%26prodType%3Dtable&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-115"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-115"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080725044857/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0056/twps0056.html">"Hawaii – Race and Hispanic Origin: 1900 to 1990"</A>. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0056/twps0056.html">the original</A> on July 25, 2008.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hawaii+%E2%80%93+Race+and+Hispanic+Origin%3A+1900+to+1990&rft.pub=U.S.+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fpopulation%2Fwww%2Fdocumentation%2Ftwps0056%2Ftwps0056.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-116"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-116"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/02/01/us-usa-population-california-idUSBRE91006920130201">"California's Hispanic population projected to outnumber white in 2014"</A>. Reuters. January 31, 2013.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=California%27s+Hispanic+population+projected+to+outnumber+white+in+2014&rft.date=2013-01-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2F2013%2F02%2F01%2Fus-usa-population-california-idUSBRE91006920130201&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-factfinder.census.gov-117"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-factfinder.census.gov_117-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-factfinder.census.gov_117-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-factfinder.census.gov_117-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">American FactFinder, United States Census Bureau. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101202062850/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ADPTable?_bm=y&-context=adp&-qr_name=ACS_2008_1YR_G00_DP5&-ds_name=ACS_2008_1YR_G00_&-tree_id=308&-redoLog=true&-_caller=geoselect&-geo_id=04000US15&-format=&-_lang=en">"Hawaii – ACS Demographic and Housing Estimates: 2008"</A>. Factfinder.census.gov. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ADPTable?_bm=y&-context=adp&-qr_name=ACS_2008_1YR_G00_DP5&-ds_name=ACS_2008_1YR_G00_&-tree_id=308&-redoLog=true&-_caller=geoselect&-geo_id=04000US15&-format=&-_lang=en">the original</A> on December 2, 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 15,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hawaii+%E2%80%93+ACS+Demographic+and+Housing+Estimates%3A+2008&rft.pub=Factfinder.census.gov&rft.au=American+FactFinder%2C+United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffactfinder.census.gov%2Fservlet%2FADPTable%3F_bm%3Dy%26-context%3Dadp%26-qr_name%3DACS_2008_1YR_G00_DP5%26-ds_name%3DACS_2008_1YR_G00_%26-tree_id%3D308%26-redoLog%3Dtrue%26-_caller%3Dgeoselect%26-geo_id%3D04000US15%26-format%3D%26-_lang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Charles_Williams-118"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Charles_Williams_118-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Williams, Charles (1832) [1828]. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=V6YNAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA42"><I>The missionary gazetteer: comprising a geographical and statistical account ..</I></A> CIHM/ICMH microfiche series, no. 35042 (also ATLA monograph preservation program ; ATLA fiche 1988–3226). B B Edwards (America ed.). Boston, MA: W. Hyde & Co. p. 424. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-665-35042-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-665-35042-9">978-0-665-35042-9</A>. <A href="/wiki/OCLC" title="OCLC">OCLC</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/657191416">657191416</A>, <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/718098082">718098082</A>, <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/719990067">719990067</A>, <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/680518873">680518873</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 3,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+missionary+gazetteer%3A+comprising+a+geographical+and+statistical+account+...&rft.place=Boston%2C+MA&rft.series=CIHM%2FICMH+microfiche+series%2C+no.+35042+%28also+ATLA+monograph+preservation+program+%3B+ATLA+fiche+1988%E2%80%933226%29&rft.pages=424&rft.edition=America&rft.pub=W.+Hyde+%26+Co&rft.date=1832&rft.isbn=978-0-665-35042-9&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DV6YNAAAAQAAJ%26pg%3DPA42&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Goto-119"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Goto_119-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Goto, Junichi (April 2007). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-wds.worldbank.org/servlet/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2007/05/10/000016406_20070510133229/Rendered/PDF/wps4203.pdf">"Latin Americans of Japanese Origin (<I>Nikkeijin</I>) Working in Japan – A Survey"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. <I>Documents & Reports – All Documents | The World Bank</I>. Washington, DC: World Bank. pp. 5, 48<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 3,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Documents+%26+Reports+%E2%80%93+All+Documents+%26%23124%3B+The+World+Bank&rft.atitle=Latin+Americans+of+Japanese+Origin+%28Nikkeijin%29+Working+in+Japan+%E2%80%93+A+Survey&rft.pages=5%2C+48&rft.date=2007-04&rft.aulast=Goto&rft.aufirst=Junichi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww-wds.worldbank.org%2Fservlet%2FWDSContentServer%2FWDSP%2FIB%2F2007%2F05%2F10%2F000016406_20070510133229%2FRendered%2FPDF%2Fwps4203.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Wao+Lani-120"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Wao+Lani_120-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hawaiialive.org/realms.php?sub=Wao+Lani&treasure=369&offset=0">"+ Hawaii Alive | Realms: Wao Lani +"</A>. <I>Hawaii Alive</I>. Honolulu, HI: <A href="/wiki/Bishop_Museum" title="Bishop Museum">Bishop Museum</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 3,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hawaii+Alive&rft.atitle=%2B+Hawaii+Alive+%26%23124%3B+Realms%3A+Wao+Lani+%2B&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hawaiialive.org%2Frealms.php%3Fsub%3DWao%2BLani%26treasure%3D369%26offset%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Hoffman-121"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Hoffman_121-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Hoffman, Frederic L. (September 1899). "The Portuguese Population in the United States". <I>Publications of the American Statistical Association</I>. Alexandria, VA: <A href="/wiki/American_Statistical_Association" title="American Statistical Association">American Statistical Association</A>. <B>6</B> (47): 327–336. <A href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</A>:<A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//doi.org/10.2307%2F2276463">10.2307/2276463</A>. <A href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/2276463">2276463</A>. <A href="/wiki/OCLC" title="OCLC">OCLC</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/11137237">11137237</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Publications+of+the+American+Statistical+Association&rft.atitle=The+Portuguese+Population+in+the+United+States&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=47&rft.pages=327-336&rft.date=1899-09&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F11137237&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2276463&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2276463&rft.aulast=Hoffman&rft.aufirst=Frederic+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="font-size:0.95em; font-size: 90%; color: #555">(subscription required)</SPAN> See pp. 332–33.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-López-122"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-López_122-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation encyclopaedia">López, Iris (May 3, 2006). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_62IjQ-XQScC&pg=PA591">"Puerto Ricans in Hawaii"</A>. In Ruiz, Vicki L.; Korrol, Virginia Sánchez. <I>Latinas in the United States: A Historical Encyclopedia</I>. Gale Virtual Reference Library. <B>2</B>. Bloomington, IN: <A href="/wiki/Indiana_University_Press" title="Indiana University Press">Indiana University Press</A>. pp. 591–95. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-253-34680-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-253-34680-3">978-0-253-34680-3</A>. <A href="/wiki/OCLC" title="OCLC">OCLC</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/74671044">74671044</A>, <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/748855661">748855661</A>, <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/756540171">756540171</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 3,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Puerto+Ricans+in+Hawaii&rft.btitle=Latinas+in+the+United+States%3A+A+Historical+Encyclopedia&rft.place=Bloomington%2C+IN&rft.series=Gale+Virtual+Reference+Library&rft.pages=591-95&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=2006-05-03&rft.isbn=978-0-253-34680-3&rft.aulast=L%C3%B3pez&rft.aufirst=Iris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_62IjQ-XQScC%26pg%3DPA591&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-mla-123"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-mla_123-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-mla_123-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mla.org/map_data_results&state_id=15&mode=state_tops">"Language Map Data Center"</A>. Mla.org. July 17, 2007<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 5,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Language+Map+Data+Center&rft.pub=Mla.org&rft.date=2007-07-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mla.org%2Fmap_data_results%26state_id%3D15%26mode%3Dstate_tops&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-124"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-124"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unicode.org/cldr/charts/dev/keyboards/layouts/haw.html">"Layouts: Hawaiian (haw)"</A>. <I>unicode.org</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">January 5,</SPAN> 2017</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=unicode.org&rft.atitle=Layouts%3A+Hawaiian+%28haw%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicode.org%2Fcldr%2Fcharts%2Fdev%2Fkeyboards%2Flayouts%2Fhaw.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Lyovin-125"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-Lyovin_125-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Lyovin_125-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Lyovin, Anatole V. (1997). <I>An Introduction to the Languages of the World</I>. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc. pp. 257–58. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-508116-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-508116-1">0-19-508116-1</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+the+Languages+of+the+World&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=257-58&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+Inc&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-19-508116-1&rft.aulast=Lyovin&rft.aufirst=Anatole+V.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Census_Bureau_Hawaiian_Speaker_estimate-126"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Census_Bureau_Hawaiian_Speaker_estimate_126-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/hhes/socdemo/language/data/other/detailed-lang-tables.xls">"Table 1. Detailed Languages Spoken at Home and Ability to Speak English for the Population 5 Years and Over for the United States: 2006–2008"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(MS-Excel Spreadsheet)</SPAN>. <I>American Community Survey Data on Language Use</I>. Washington, DC: <A href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">U.S. Census Bureau</A>. April 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 7,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Community+Survey+Data+on+Language+Use&rft.atitle=Table+1.+Detailed+Languages+Spoken+at+Home+and+Ability+to+Speak+English+for+the+Population+5+Years+and+Over+for+the+United+States%3A+2006%E2%80%932008&rft.date=2010-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fhhes%2Fsocdemo%2Flanguage%2Fdata%2Fother%2Fdetailed-lang-tables.xls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-127"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-127"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Schütz, Albert J. (1994). <I>The Voices of Eden: A History of Hawaiian Language Studies</I>. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. pp. 334–36; 338 <I>20n</I>. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8248-1637-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8248-1637-4">0-8248-1637-4</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Voices+of+Eden%3A+A+History+of+Hawaiian+Language+Studies&rft.place=Honolulu&rft.pages=334-36%3B+338+%27%2720n%27%27&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-8248-1637-4&rft.aulast=Sch%C3%BCtz&rft.aufirst=Albert+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-128"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-128"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A href="#CITEREFElbertPukui1979">Elbert & Pukui (1979</A>:35–36)</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-129"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-129"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Kimura, Larry; Pila, Wilson (1983). "Native Hawaiian Culture". <I>Native Hawaiian Study Commission Minority Report</I>. Washington: <A href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Interior" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Department of Interior">United States Department of Interior</A>. pp. 173–203 [185].</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Native+Hawaiian+Culture&rft.btitle=Native+Hawaiian+Study+Commission+Minority+Report&rft.place=Washington&rft.pages=173-203+185&rft.pub=United+States+Department+of+Interior&rft.date=1983&rft.au=Kimura%2C+Larry&rft.au=Pila%2C+Wilson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-www.thearda.com-131"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-www.thearda.com_131-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thearda.com/rcms2010/r/s/15/rcms2010_15_state_adh_2010.asp">"The Association of Religion Data Archives | State Membership Report"</A>. www.thearda.com<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 12,</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Association+of+Religion+Data+Archives+%26%23124%3B+State+Membership+Report&rft.pub=www.thearda.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thearda.com%2Frcms2010%2Fr%2Fs%2F15%2Frcms2010_15_state_adh_2010.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-132"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-132"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080730060850/http://newsroom.lds.org/ldsnewsroom/eng/statistical-information">"LDS Newsroom Statistical Information"</A>. Newsroom.lds.org. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsroom.lds.org/ldsnewsroom/eng/statistical-information">the original</A> on July 30, 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 15,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=LDS+Newsroom+Statistical+Information&rft.pub=Newsroom.lds.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsroom.lds.org%2Fldsnewsroom%2Feng%2Fstatistical-information&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-133"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-133"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thearda.com/rcms2010/r/s/15/rcms2010_15_state_name_2010.asp">"The Association of Religion Data Archives – Maps & Reports"</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Association+of+Religion+Data+Archives+%E2%80%93+Maps+%26+Reports&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thearda.com%2Frcms2010%2Fr%2Fs%2F15%2Frcms2010_15_state_name_2010.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-134"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-134"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hawaii.gov/dbedt/info/economic/databook/db2000">"State of Hawaii Data Book 2000, Section 1 Population, Table 1.47"</A>. Hawaii.gov<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 5,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=State+of+Hawaii+Data+Book+2000%2C+Section+1+Population%2C+Table+1.47&rft.pub=Hawaii.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hawaii.gov%2Fdbedt%2Finfo%2Feconomic%2Fdatabook%2Fdb2000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-135"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-135"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2002/Sep/21/il/il11afaith.html">"Survey shows partial picture"</A>. The Honolulu Advertiser. September 21, 2002<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 5,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Survey+shows+partial+picture&rft.pub=The+Honolulu+Advertiser&rft.date=2002-09-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthe.honoluluadvertiser.com%2Farticle%2F2002%2FSep%2F21%2Fil%2Fil11afaith.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-138"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-138"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/state/hawaii/">"U.S. Religious Landscape Study – Religious composition of adults in Hawaii"</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U.S.+Religious+Landscape+Study+%E2%80%93+Religious+composition+of+adults+in+Hawaii&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2Freligious-landscape-study%2Fstate%2Fhawaii%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-139"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-139"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr64/nvsr64_01.pdf">"National Vital Statistics Reports Births: Final Data for 2013"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. January 15, 2015<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved October 2017</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Vital+Statistics+Reports+Births%3A+Final+Data+for+2013&rft.date=2015-01-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fnchs%2Fdata%2Fnvsr%2Fnvsr64%2Fnvsr64_01.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN> <SPAN style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Check date values in: <CODE style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|access-date=</CODE> (<A href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#bad_date" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</A>)</SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-140"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-140"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr64/nvsr64_12.pdf">"National Vital Statistics Reports Births: Final Data for 2014"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. December 23, 2015<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved October 2017</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Vital+Statistics+Reports+Births%3A+Final+Data+for+2014&rft.date=2015-12-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fnchs%2Fdata%2Fnvsr%2Fnvsr64%2Fnvsr64_12.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN> <SPAN style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Check date values in: <CODE style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|access-date=</CODE> (<A href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#bad_date" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</A>)</SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-141"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-141"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr66/nvsr66_01.pdf">"National Vital Statistics Reports Births: Final Data for 2015"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. January 5, 2017<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved October 2017</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Vital+Statistics+Reports+Births%3A+Final+Data+for+2015&rft.date=2017-01-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fnchs%2Fdata%2Fnvsr%2Fnvsr66%2Fnvsr66_01.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN> <SPAN style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Check date values in: <CODE style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|access-date=</CODE> (<A href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#bad_date" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</A>)</SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-mahu-142"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-mahu_142-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation audio-visual">Xian, Kathryn and Brent Anbe (Directors) (2001). Ke Kūlana He Māhū<I>: Remembering a Sense of Place</I> (DVD).</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ke+K%C5%ABlana+He+M%C4%81h%C5%AB%3A+Remembering+a+Sense+of+Place&rft.date=2001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-143"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-143"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Gates, Gary J.; Newport, Frank (February 15, 2013). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gallup.com/poll/160517/lgbt-percentage-highest-lowest-north-dakota.aspx">"LGBT Percentage Highest in D.C., Lowest in North Dakota"</A>. Gallup, Inc<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 9,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=LGBT+Percentage+Highest+in+D.C.%2C+Lowest+in+North+Dakota&rft.pub=Gallup%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2013-02-15&rft.au=Gates%2C+Gary+J.&rft.au=Newport%2C+Frank&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gallup.com%2Fpoll%2F160517%2Flgbt-percentage-highest-lowest-north-dakota.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-144"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-144"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Gates, Gary J.; Newport, Frank (April 24, 2015). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gallup.com/poll/182837/estimated-780-000-americans-sex-marriages.aspx">"An Estimated 780,000 Americans in Same-Sex Marriages"</A>. Gallup, Inc<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 9,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=An+Estimated+780%2C000+Americans+in+Same-Sex+Marriages&rft.pub=Gallup%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2015-04-24&rft.au=Gates%2C+Gary+J.&rft.au=Newport%2C+Frank&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gallup.com%2Fpoll%2F182837%2Festimated-780-000-americans-sex-marriages.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-145"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-145"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2013/11/12/hawaii-gay-marriage/3510441/">"Hawaii Senate passes gay marriage bill"</A>. <I>USA Today</I>. November 13, 2013.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Hawaii+Senate+passes+gay+marriage+bill&rft.date=2013-11-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Fnation%2F2013%2F11%2F12%2Fhawaii-gay-marriage%2F3510441%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-146"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-146"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111005214518/http://www.hawaiihistory.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=ig.page&PageID=274">"Hawaii sandalwood trade"</A>. Hawaiihistory.org. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hawaiihistory.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=ig.page&PageID=274">the original</A> on October 5, 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 5,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hawaii+sandalwood+trade&rft.pub=Hawaiihistory.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hawaiihistory.org%2Findex.cfm%3Ffuseaction%3Dig.page%26PageID%3D274&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-147"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-147"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111005214600/http://www.hawaiihistory.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=ig.page&PageID=287">"Whaling in Hawaii"</A>. Hawaiihistory.org. June 16, 1999. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hawaiihistory.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=ig.page&PageID=287">the original</A> on October 5, 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 5,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Whaling+in+Hawaii&rft.pub=Hawaiihistory.org&rft.date=1999-06-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hawaiihistory.org%2Findex.cfm%3Ffuseaction%3Dig.page%26PageID%3D287&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-148"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-148"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.hawaii.gov/Economic-Development/Per-capita-GDP-by-Year/qnar-gix3/data">"Per capita GDF by year"</A>. State of Hawaii<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">August 25,</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Per+capita+GDF+by+year&rft.pub=State+of+Hawaii&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.hawaii.gov%2FEconomic-Development%2FPer-capita-GDP-by-Year%2Fqnar-gix3%2Fdata&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-149"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-149"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hawaiibeekeepers.org/history.php">"A History of Honey Bees in the Hawaiian Islands"</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">December 15,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Honey+Bees+in+the+Hawaiian+Islands&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hawaiibeekeepers.org%2Fhistory.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-150"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-150"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vcstar.com/news/2012/apr/23/hawaii-honeybees-vie-for-most-valuable-export/">"Hawaii honeybees vie for most valuable export"</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">December 15,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hawaii+honeybees+vie+for+most+valuable+export&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vcstar.com%2Fnews%2F2012%2Fapr%2F23%2Fhawaii-honeybees-vie-for-most-valuable-export%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-151"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-151"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news">McAvoy, Audrey (April 19, 2014). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bigstory.ap.org/article/hawaii-genetically-engineered-crop-flash-point">"Hawaii is genetically engineered crop flash point"</A>. <I>ap.org</I>. Associated Press<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">April 19,</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ap.org&rft.atitle=Hawaii+is+genetically+engineered+crop+flash+point&rft.date=2014-04-19&rft.aulast=McAvoy&rft.aufirst=Audrey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbigstory.ap.org%2Farticle%2Fhawaii-genetically-engineered-crop-flash-point&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-ny1310-152"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-ny1310_152-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news">Pollack, Andrew (October 7, 2013). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/08/business/fight-over-genetically-altered-crops-flares-in-hawaii.html?pagewanted=all">"Unease in Hawaii's Cornfields"</A>. <I>New York Times</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">October 18,</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Unease+in+Hawaii%27s+Cornfields&rft.date=2013-10-07&rft.au=Pollack%2C+Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F10%2F08%2Fbusiness%2Ffight-over-genetically-altered-crops-flares-in-hawaii.html%3Fpagewanted%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-153"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-153"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bls.gov/lau/">"Local Area Unemployment Statistics"</A>. <I>www.bls.gov</I>. US Bureau of Labor Statistics<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">February 25,</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bls.gov&rft.atitle=Local+Area+Unemployment+Statistics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bls.gov%2Flau%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-154"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-154"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navytimes.com/news/2011/06/ap-military-spending-strong-in-hawaii-060111/">"Study: Military spent $12B in Hawaii in 2009"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/Military_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Military Times">Military Times</A></I>. <A href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</A>. June 1, 2011.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Military+Times&rft.atitle=Study%3A+Military+spent+%2412B+in+Hawaii+in+2009&rft.date=2011-06-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.navytimes.com%2Fnews%2F2011%2F06%2Fap-military-spending-strong-in-hawaii-060111%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-155"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-155"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Frank, Robert. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/id/101338309">"Top states for millionaires per capita"</A>. CNBC<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">January 22,</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Top+states+for+millionaires+per+capita&rft.pub=CNBC&rft.aulast=Frank&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2Fid%2F101338309&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-taxes-156"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-taxes_156-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-taxes_156-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-taxes_156-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-taxes_156-3"><SUP><I><B>d</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://starbulletin.com/2004/05/21/news/story1.html">"Honolulu Star-Bulletin Hawaii News"</A>. Starbulletin.com. November 30, 2006<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 5,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Honolulu+Star-Bulletin+Hawaii+News&rft.pub=Starbulletin.com&rft.date=2006-11-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstarbulletin.com%2F2004%2F05%2F21%2Fnews%2Fstory1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-157"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-157"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080914100326/http://salary.nytimes.com/CostOfLivingWizard/layoutscripts/coll_start.asp">"Cost of Living Wizard"</A>. <I>The New York Times</I>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://salary.nytimes.com/costoflivingwizard/layoutscripts/coll_start.asp">the original</A> on September 14, 2008.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Cost+of+Living+Wizard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsalary.nytimes.com%2Fcostoflivingwizard%2Flayoutscripts%2Fcoll_start.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-158"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-158"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.freeshipping.org/category/hawaii-free-shipping-coupons">"FreeShipping.org"</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FreeShipping.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.freeshipping.org%2Fcategory%2Fhawaii-free-shipping-coupons&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-159"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-159"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news">Chesto, Jon (January 29, 2015). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/business/2015/01/29/house-bill-aims-address-state-power-shortfall/wrlx8fjkjzLF85wDhsf6KJ/story.html">"House bill aims to address state's power shortfall"</A> (February 8, 2015). The Boston Globe.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=House+bill+aims+to+address+state%27s+power+shortfall&rft.issue=February+8%2C+2015&rft.date=2015-01-29&rft.aulast=Chesto&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostonglobe.com%2Fbusiness%2F2015%2F01%2F29%2Fhouse-bill-aims-address-state-power-shortfall%2Fwrlx8fjkjzLF85wDhsf6KJ%2Fstory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-160"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-160"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/hhes/www/housing/census/historic/values.html">"Historic Housing Values"</A>. <I>www.census.gov</I>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.census.gov&rft.atitle=Historic+Housing+Values&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fhhes%2Fwww%2Fhousing%2Fcensus%2Fhistoric%2Fvalues.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-161"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-161"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.realtor.org/research/research/metroprice">"Metropolitan Median Prices"</A>. Realtor.org. February 15, 2005<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 5,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Metropolitan+Median+Prices&rft.pub=Realtor.org&rft.date=2005-02-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.realtor.org%2Fresearch%2Fresearch%2Fmetroprice&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Keeping_up_with_the_Jones_Act-162"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Keeping_up_with_the_Jones_Act_162-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hawaiibusiness.com/Hawaii-Business/August-2012/The-pros-and-cons-of-the-Jones-Act/">"Keeping up with the Jones Act"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_Business_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaii Business Magazine">Hawaii Business Magazine</A></I>. Honolulu, HI: PacificBasin Communications. August 2012. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120823083544/http://www.hawaiibusiness.com/Hawaii-Business/August-2012/The-pros-and-cons-of-the-Jones-Act/">Archived</A> from the original on August 23, 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">March 14,</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hawaii+Business+Magazine&rft.atitle=Keeping+up+with+the+Jones+Act&rft.date=2012-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hawaiibusiness.com%2FHawaii-Business%2FAugust-2012%2FThe-pros-and-cons-of-the-Jones-Act%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-U.S._Law_Restricting_Foreign_Ships_Leads_to_Higher_Gas_Prices-163"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-U.S._Law_Restricting_Foreign_Ships_Leads_to_Higher_Gas_Prices_163-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Philips, Matthew (December 12, 2013). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2013-12-12/u-dot-s-dot-law-restricting-foreign-ships-leads-to-higher-gas-prices/">"U.S. Law Restricting Foreign Ships Leads to Higher Gas Prices"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/Bloomberg_Businessweek" title="Bloomberg Businessweek">Bloomberg Businessweek</A></I>. New York, NY: <A href="/wiki/Bloomberg_L.P." title="Bloomberg L.P.">Bloomberg L.P.</A> <SPAN class="reference-accessdate">Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">March 14,</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg+Businessweek&rft.atitle=U.S.+Law+Restricting+Foreign+Ships+Leads+to+Higher+Gas+Prices&rft.date=2013-12-12&rft.aulast=Philips&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessweek.com%2Farticles%2F2013-12-12%2Fu-dot-s-dot-law-restricting-foreign-ships-leads-to-higher-gas-prices%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Star-Bulletin_on_Jones_Act-164"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Star-Bulletin_on_Jones_Act_164-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news">Lynch, Russ (April 4, 1997). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.starbulletin.com/97/04/08/business/story3.html">"U.S.-only shipping rule praised, blasted; Backers and foes of the Jones Act make their case before the Legislature"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/Honolulu_Star-Bulletin" title="Honolulu Star-Bulletin">Honolulu Star-Bulletin</A></I>. Honolulu, HI: <A href="/wiki/Black_Press" title="Black Press">Black Press Group Ltd</A>. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0439-5271">0439-5271</A>. <A href="/wiki/OCLC" title="OCLC">OCLC</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/9188300">9188300</A>, <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/433678262">433678262</A>, <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/232117605">232117605</A>, <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2268098">2268098</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 5,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Honolulu+Star-Bulletin&rft.atitle=U.S.-only+shipping+rule+praised%2C+blasted%3B+Backers+and+foes+of+the+Jones+Act+make+their+case+before+the+Legislature&rft.date=1997-04-04&rft.issn=0439-5271&rft.aulast=Lynch&rft.aufirst=Russ&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.starbulletin.com%2F97%2F04%2F08%2Fbusiness%2Fstory3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Slom_SR11-165"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Slom_SR11_165-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A href="/wiki/Sam_Slom" title="Sam Slom">Slom, Sam</A> (2012). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/session2012/bills/SR11_.HTM">"SR11.DOC"</A>. <I>Hawaii State Legislature</I>. Honolulu, HI: <A href="/wiki/Hawaii_State_Legislature" title="Hawaii State Legislature">Hawaii State Legislature</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 5,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hawaii+State+Legislature&rft.atitle=SR11.DOC&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Slom&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.capitol.hawaii.gov%2Fsession2012%2Fbills%2FSR11_.HTM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN> 2012 resolution introduced requesting Congress to exempt Hawaii, Alaska, Guam, and Puerto Rico from the Jones Act.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Unterberger-166"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Unterberger_166-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Unterberger, pp. 465–73</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Manuel-167"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Manuel_167-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Manuel, pp. 236–41</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-168"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-168"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Kamakawiwo, Israel (December 6, 2010). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.npr.org/2010/12/06/131812500/israel-kamakawiwo-ole-the-voice-of-hawaii">"Israel Kamakawiwo'ole: The Voice Of Hawaii"</A>. NPR<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">April 16,</SPAN> 2017</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Israel+Kamakawiwo%27ole%3A+The+Voice+Of+Hawaii&rft.pub=NPR&rft.date=2010-12-06&rft.aulast=Kamakawiwo&rft.aufirst=Israel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2010%2F12%2F06%2F131812500%2Fisrael-kamakawiwo-ole-the-voice-of-hawaii&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-DBEDT_2003-169"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-DBEDT_2003_169-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Hawaii State DBEDT (2003). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hawaii.gov/dbedt/info/visitor-stats/visitor-research/2003-annual-visitor.pdf">"Overview of All Visitors"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. <I>Summary of 2003 Visitors to Hawaii</I>: 2<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">February 23,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Summary+of+2003+Visitors+to+Hawaii&rft.atitle=Overview+of+All+Visitors&rft.pages=2&rft.date=2003&rft.au=Hawaii+State+DBEDT&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhawaii.gov%2Fdbedt%2Finfo%2Fvisitor-stats%2Fvisitor-research%2F2003-annual-visitor.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-170"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-170"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Hawaii.gov. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://files.hawaii.gov/dbedt/visitor/tourism/2015/Oct15.pdf">"Tourism stats"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tourism+stats&rft.au=Hawaii.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffiles.hawaii.gov%2Fdbedt%2Fvisitor%2Ftourism%2F2015%2FOct15.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-171"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-171"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/current/il/merriemonarch05">"Merrie Monarch Festival 2005"</A>. The Honolulu Advertiser<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 15,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Merrie+Monarch+Festival+2005&rft.pub=The+Honolulu+Advertiser&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthe.honoluluadvertiser.com%2Fcurrent%2Fil%2Fmerriemonarch05&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Shane_Nelson-172"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Shane_Nelson_172-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation journal">Nelson, Shane (August 8, 2011). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.travelweekly.com/Hawaii-Travel/Insights/Hawaii-International-Film-Festival--Kinship-through-cinema/?a=hawaii">"Hawaii International Film Festival: Kinship through cinema"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/Travel_Weekly" title="Travel Weekly">Travel Weekly</A></I>. Secaucus, NJ: Northstar Travel Media. <A href="/wiki/OCLC" title="OCLC">OCLC</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/60626324">60626324</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 10,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Travel+Weekly&rft.atitle=Hawaii+International+Film+Festival%3A+Kinship+through+cinema&rft.date=2011-08-08&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F60626324&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=Shane&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.travelweekly.com%2FHawaii-Travel%2FInsights%2FHawaii-International-Film-Festival--Kinship-through-cinema%2F%3Fa%3Dhawaii&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-173"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-173"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hnlnow.com/events/index.php?com=detail&eID=10075&year=2008&month=5">"19th Annual Honolulu Rainbow Film Festival at Doris Duke Theatre: Honolulu Hawaii Nightlife Event Guide"</A>. Hnlnow.com<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 15,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=19th+Annual+Honolulu+Rainbow+Film+Festival+at+Doris+Duke+Theatre%3A+Honolulu+Hawaii+Nightlife+Event+Guide&rft.pub=Hnlnow.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hnlnow.com%2Fevents%2Findex.php%3Fcom%3Ddetail%26eID%3D10075%26year%3D2008%26month%3D5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-174"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-174"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.starbulletin.com/2001/05/29/features/index.html">"Honolulu Star-Bulletin Features"</A>. Archives.starbulletin.com. May 29, 2001<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 5,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Honolulu+Star-Bulletin+Features&rft.pub=Archives.starbulletin.com&rft.date=2001-05-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.starbulletin.com%2F2001%2F05%2F29%2Ffeatures%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-175"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-175"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070318182117/http://www.thehawaiichannel.com/education/4870699/detail.html">"Two-Thirds Of Hawaii Schools Do Not Meet Requirements – Education News Story – KITV Honolulu"</A>. Thehawaiichannel.com. August 18, 2005. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehawaiichannel.com/education/4870699/detail.html">the original</A> on March 18, 2007<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 15,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Two-Thirds+Of+Hawaii+Schools+Do+Not+Meet+Requirements+%E2%80%93+Education+News+Story+%E2%80%93+KITV+Honolulu&rft.pub=Thehawaiichannel.com&rft.date=2005-08-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehawaiichannel.com%2Feducation%2F4870699%2Fdetail.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-176"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-176"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Honolulu Advertiser, August 17, 2005, p.<SPAN class="nowrap"> </SPAN>B1</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-DOE-177"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-DOE_177-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lilinote.k12.hi.us/STATE/COMM/DOEPRESS.NSF/a1d7af052e94dd120a2561f7000a037c/81c3aa4a36044f930a257927007ab8d5?OpenDocument">"News – Official 2011–12 Public and Charter School Enrollment"</A>. <I>Hawaii Public Schools</I>. Honolulu, HI: <A href="/wiki/Hawai%27i_Department_of_Education" title="Hawai'i Department of Education">Hawai'i Department of Education</A>. October 12, 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 12,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hawaii+Public+Schools&rft.atitle=News+%E2%80%93+Official+2011%E2%80%9312+Public+and+Charter+School+Enrollment&rft.date=2011-10-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flilinote.k12.hi.us%2FSTATE%2FCOMM%2FDOEPRESS.NSF%2Fa1d7af052e94dd120a2561f7000a037c%2F81c3aa4a36044f930a257927007ab8d5%3FOpenDocument&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-HAIS-178"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-HAIS_178-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Jordan, Cynthia (October 10, 2011). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hais.org/uploads/file/about_stats_hcpsenrollrpt12.pdf#page=3">"Private School Enrollment Report 2011–2012"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. <I>Hawaii Association of Independent Schools</I>. Honolulu, HI: Hawaii Association of Independent Schools. p. 3<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 12,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hawaii+Association+of+Independent+Schools&rft.atitle=Private+School+Enrollment+Report+2011%E2%80%932012&rft.pages=3&rft.date=2011-10-10&rft.au=Jordan%2C+Cynthia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hais.org%2Fuploads%2Ffile%2Fabout_stats_hcpsenrollrpt12.pdf%23page%3D3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-NCES-179"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-NCES_179-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Hussar, William J.; Bailey, Tabitha M. (September 11, 2009). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090919172601/http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2009/2009062.pdf">"Projections of Education Statistics to 2018"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. <I>National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) Home Page, a part of the U.S. Department of Education</I>. Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics. p. 6 (22 out of 68). Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2009/2009062.pdf">the original</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN> on September 19, 2009<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 12,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Center+for+Education+Statistics+%28NCES%29+Home+Page%2C+a+part+of+the+U.S.+Department+of+Education&rft.atitle=Projections+of+Education+Statistics+to+2018&rft.pages=6+%2822+out+of+68%29&rft.date=2009-09-11&rft.au=Hussar%2C+William+J.&rft.au=Bailey%2C+Tabitha+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnces.ed.gov%2Fpubs2009%2F2009062.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-180"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-180"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ksbe.edu/assets/annual_reports/KS_Annual_Report_2014.pdf">"Kamehameha Schools 2013–2014 Annual Report"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">September 28,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kamehameha+Schools+2013%E2%80%932014+Annual+Report&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ksbe.edu%2Fassets%2Fannual_reports%2FKS_Annual_Report_2014.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-181"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-181"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Ishibasha, Koren (November 2005). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/5noCEgxNn?url=http://www.ksbe.edu/pase/pdf/Reports/K-12/05_06_8.pdf">"Official Enrollment"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ksbe.edu/pase/pdf/Reports/K-12/05_06_8.pdf">the original</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN> on February 25, 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">1 December</SPAN> 2009</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+Enrollment&rft.date=2005-11&rft.au=Ishibasha%2C+Koren&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ksbe.edu%2Fpase%2Fpdf%2FReports%2FK-12%2F05_06_8.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-182"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-182"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hidot.hawaii.gov/blog/2017/05/30/hawaiis-biggest-airport-officially-renamed-daniel-k-inouye-international-airport/">"Department of Transportation - Hawaii's biggest airport officially renamed Daniel K. Inouye International Airport"</A>. <I>hidot.hawaii.gov</I>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hidot.hawaii.gov&rft.atitle=Department+of+Transportation++-++Hawaii%E2%80%99s+biggest+airport+officially+renamed+Daniel+K.+Inouye+International+Airport&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhidot.hawaii.gov%2Fblog%2F2017%2F05%2F30%2Fhawaiis-biggest-airport-officially-renamed-daniel-k-inouye-international-airport%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Hawaii_Aviation-183"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Hawaii_Aviation_183-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Horvat, William J. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hawaii.gov/hawaiiaviation/hawaii-commercial-aviation/inter-island-airways-hawaiian-airlines">"Inter-Island Airways/Hawaiian Airlines – Hawaii Aviation"</A>. <I>Hawaii's Aviation History</I>. Honolulu, HI: State of Hawaii<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 5,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hawaii%27s+Aviation+History&rft.atitle=Inter-Island+Airways%2FHawaiian+Airlines+%E2%80%93+Hawaii+Aviation&rft.aulast=Horvat&rft.aufirst=William+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhawaii.gov%2Fhawaiiaviation%2Fhawaii-commercial-aviation%2Finter-island-airways-hawaiian-airlines&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-184"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-184"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news">Cataluna, Lee (December 23, 2005). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2005/Dec/23/ln/FP512230359.html">"Nothing Smooth On Seaflite"</A>. <A href="/wiki/The_Honolulu_Advertiser" title="The Honolulu Advertiser">The Honolulu Advertiser</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Nothing+Smooth+On+Seaflite&rft.date=2005-12-23&rft.au=Cataluna%2C+Lee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthe.honoluluadvertiser.com%2Farticle%2F2005%2FDec%2F23%2Fln%2FFP512230359.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Alakai-185"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Alakai_185-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.starbulletin.com/content/20090329_Aloha_Superferry">"Aloha, Superferry Alakai leaves Hawaii to find job"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/Honolulu_Star-Bulletin" title="Honolulu Star-Bulletin">Honolulu Star-Bulletin</A></I>. Honolulu, HI: <A href="/wiki/Black_Press" title="Black Press">Black Press Group Ltd</A>. March 29, 2009. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0439-5271">0439-5271</A>. <A href="/wiki/OCLC" title="OCLC">OCLC</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/9188300">9188300</A>, <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/433678262">433678262</A>, <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/232117605">232117605</A>, <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2268098">2268098</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Honolulu+Star-Bulletin&rft.atitle=Aloha%2C+Superferry+Alakai+leaves+Hawaii+to+find+job&rft.date=2009-03-29&rft.issn=0439-5271&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.starbulletin.com%2Fcontent%2F20090329_Aloha_Superferry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Molokai_Ferry-186"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Molokai_Ferry_186-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.molokaiferry.com/ferry.html">"Maui Molokai Ferry on Molokai Princess and Maui Princess"</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 5,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Maui+Molokai+Ferry+on+Molokai+Princess+and+Maui+Princess&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.molokaiferry.com%2Fferry.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Lana'i_Ferry-187"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Lana'i_Ferry_187-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ssl.go-lanai.com/">"Expeditions: Maui – Lanaʻi Ferry Service"</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 5,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Expeditions%3A+Maui+%E2%80%93+Lana%CA%BBi+Ferry+Service&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fssl.go-lanai.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-NCL-188"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-NCL_188-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.ncl.com/cruise-destination/hawaii/overview">"Hawaii Cruises Cruise Overview | Hawaii Cruises Cruise Destinations & Vacation Packages"</A>. <I>Norwegian Cruise Line</I>. Miami-Dade County, FL: <A href="/wiki/Norwegian_Cruise_Line" title="Norwegian Cruise Line">Norwegian Cruise Line</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 5,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Norwegian+Cruise+Line&rft.atitle=Hawaii+Cruises+Cruise+Overview+%26%23124%3B+Hawaii+Cruises+Cruise+Destinations+%26+Vacation+Packages&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.ncl.com%2Fcruise-destination%2Fhawaii%2Foverview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Princess_Cruises-189"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Princess_Cruises_189-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.princess.com/learn/destinations/hawaii/index.html">"Hawaii, Tahiti, & South Pacific Cruises"</A>. <I>Princess Cruises</I>. Santa Clarita, CA: <A href="/wiki/Princess_Cruises" title="Princess Cruises">Princess Cruises</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 5,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Princess+Cruises&rft.atitle=Hawaii%2C+Tahiti%2C+%26+South+Pacific+Cruises&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.princess.com%2Flearn%2Fdestinations%2Fhawaii%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-ReferenceA-190"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_190-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_190-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Norton Jr., Victor; Treiber, Gale E. (2005). <I>Hawaiian Railway Album – WW II Photographs Vol 2</I>. Hanover, PA: Railroad Press.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hawaiian+Railway+Album+%E2%80%93+WW+II+Photographs+Vol+2&rft.place=Hanover%2C+PA&rft.pub=Railroad+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.au=Norton+Jr.%2C+Victor&rft.au=Treiber%2C+Gale+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-USCensus2010-191"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-USCensus2010_191-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-USCensus2010_191-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.census.gov/library/publications/2010/compendia/statab/130ed/tables/11s0427.pdf">"Number of Local Governments by Type"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. U.S. Census Bureau<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">December 4,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Number+of+Local+Governments+by+Type&rft.pub=U.S.+Census+Bureau&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.census.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2F2010%2Fcompendia%2Fstatab%2F130ed%2Ftables%2F11s0427.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-USCensus2007-192"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-USCensus2007_192-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-USCensus2007_192-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.census.gov/govs/cog/2007/hi.pdf">"Hawaii"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. U.S. Census Bureau<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">December 4,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hawaii&rft.pub=U.S.+Census+Bureau&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.census.gov%2Fgovs%2Fcog%2F2007%2Fhi.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-193"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-193"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chem.hawaii.edu/uham/counties.html">"Hawaii's 4 (or 5) Counties"</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">January 22,</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hawaii%27s+4+%28or+5%29+Counties&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chem.hawaii.edu%2Fuham%2Fcounties.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-194"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-194"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161027060153/http://gabbard.house.gov/index.php/about/about-tulsi">"About Tulsi"</A>. <I>gabbard.house.gov</I>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gabbard.house.gov/index.php/about/about-tulsi">the original</A> on October 27, 2016<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">October 26,</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gabbard.house.gov&rft.atitle=About+Tulsi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgabbard.house.gov%2Findex.php%2Fabout%2Fabout-tulsi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-196"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-196"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Blackwell, Sarah (January 4, 2013). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tv.msnbc.com/2013/01/04/the-junior-senior-senators/">"msnbc's <I>The Daily Rundown</I>, 23 December 2009, accessed 6 January 2012"</A>. nbcnews.com<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">January 6,</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=msnbc%27s+The+Daily+Rundown%2C+23+December+2009%2C+accessed+6+January+2012&rft.pub=nbcnews.com&rft.date=2013-01-04&rft.aulast=Blackwell&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftv.msnbc.com%2F2013%2F01%2F04%2Fthe-junior-senior-senators%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Leip,_David-197"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-Leip,_David_197-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Leip,_David_197-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Leip, David. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/">"General Election Results – Hawaii"</A>. United States Election Atlas<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 18,</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=General+Election+Results+%E2%80%93+Hawaii&rft.pub=United+States+Election+Atlas&rft.au=Leip%2C+David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuselectionatlas.org%2FRESULTS%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-198"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-198"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news">Kaste, Martin (September 13, 2012). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.npr.org/sections/itsallpolitics/2012/09/13/161096416/can-a-republican-win-a-senate-seat-in-blue-hawaii">"Can A Republican Win A Senate Seat In Blue Hawaii?"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</A></I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 17,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Can+A+Republican+Win+A+Senate+Seat+In+Blue+Hawaii%3F&rft.date=2012-09-13&rft.aulast=Kaste&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Fsections%2Fitsallpolitics%2F2012%2F09%2F13%2F161096416%2Fcan-a-republican-win-a-senate-seat-in-blue-hawaii&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-199"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-199"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news">Bernstein, Adam (August 19, 2004). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A13805-2004Aug18.html">"Hiram Fong Dies; One of First Hawaiian Senators"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/Washington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Post">Washington Post</A></I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 17,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Hiram+Fong+Dies%3B+One+of+First+Hawaiian+Senators&rft.date=2004-08-19&rft.aulast=Bernstein&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Farticles%2FA13805-2004Aug18.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-200"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-200"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Rudin, Ken (December 23, 2009). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.npr.org/blogs/politicaljunkie/2009/12/todays_junkie_segment_on_totn_5.html">"NPR's <I>Political Junkie</I>"</A>. Npr.org<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 15,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NPR%27s+Political+Junkie&rft.pub=Npr.org&rft.date=2009-12-23&rft.aulast=Rudin&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Fblogs%2Fpoliticaljunkie%2F2009%2F12%2Ftodays_junkie_segment_on_totn_5.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-201"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-201"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.npr.org/templates/transcript/transcript.php?storyId=96126355">"Asian Writer Ponders First Asian President Too"</A>. Npr.org. October 29, 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 15,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Asian+Writer+Ponders+First+Asian+President+Too&rft.pub=Npr.org&rft.date=2008-10-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Ftemplates%2Ftranscript%2Ftranscript.php%3FstoryId%3D96126355&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-district-202"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-district_202-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hawaiiankingdom.org/sai-obama.shtml">"Hawaiian Kingdom – David Keanu Sai v. Barack Obama, et al"</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hawaiian+Kingdom+%E2%80%93+David+Keanu+Sai+v.+Barack+Obama%2C+et+al&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhawaiiankingdom.org%2Fsai-obama.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-UN-forum-203"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-UN-forum_203-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.culturalsurvival.org/ourpublications/csq/article/hawaii-and-united-nations">"Hawai'i and the United Nations"</A>. <I>Cultural Survival</I>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cultural+Survival&rft.atitle=Hawai%27i+and+the+United+Nations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.culturalsurvival.org%2Fourpublications%2Fcsq%2Farticle%2Fhawaii-and-united-nations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-curriculum-204"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-curriculum_204-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Umi Perkins. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hawaii.academia.edu/UmiPerkins/Papers/1061013/Maori_and_Native_Hawaiian_Education">"Maori and Native Hawaiian Education"</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Maori+and+Native+Hawaiian+Education&rft.au=Umi+Perkins&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhawaii.academia.edu%2FUmiPerkins%2FPapers%2F1061013%2FMaori_and_Native_Hawaiian_Education&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-205"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-205"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catalog.hawaii.edu/schoolscolleges/hawaiian/kamakakuokalani.htm">University of Hawaii at Manoa</A> Retrieved November 24, 2017.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Lauer-206"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Lauer_206-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news">Lauer, Nancy Cook (September 30, 2015). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://westhawaiitoday.com/news/local-news/interior-department-announces-procedure-native-hawaiian-recognition">"Interior Department announces procedure for Native Hawaiian recognition"</A>. Oahu Publications. West Hawaii Today<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">October 7,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Interior+Department+announces+procedure+for+Native+Hawaiian+recognition&rft.date=2015-09-30&rft.aulast=Lauer&rft.aufirst=Nancy+Cook&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwesthawaiitoday.com%2Fnews%2Flocal-news%2Finterior-department-announces-procedure-native-hawaiian-recognition&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-207"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-207"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.doi.gov/pressreleases/interior-department-proposes-pathway-re-establishing-government-government">"Interior Proposes Path for Re-Establishing Government-to-Government Relationship with Native Hawaiian Community"</A>. <I>Department of the Interior</I>. Office of the Secretary of the Department of the interior<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">October 7,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Department+of+the+Interior&rft.atitle=Interior+Proposes+Path+for+Re-Establishing+Government-to-Government+Relationship+with+Native+Hawaiian+Community&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.doi.gov%2Fpressreleases%2Finterior-department-proposes-pathway-re-establishing-government-government&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-208"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-208"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://new.grassrootinstitute.org/2005/07/recent-survey-of-hawaii-residents-shows-two-out-of-three-oppose-akaka-bill/">"Recent Survey of Hawaii residents shows two out of three oppose Akaka bill"</A>. <I>new.grassrootinstitute.org</I>. Honolulu, HI: <A href="/wiki/Grassroot_Institute" title="Grassroot Institute">Grassroot Institute</A>. 2015-07-05<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">2016-08-29</SPAN></SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=new.grassrootinstitute.org&rft.atitle=Recent+Survey+of+Hawaii+residents+shows+two+out+of+three+oppose+Akaka+bill&rft.date=2015-07-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnew.grassrootinstitute.org%2F2005%2F07%2Frecent-survey-of-hawaii-residents-shows-two-out-of-three-oppose-akaka-bill%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Hawaii1893-209"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-Hawaii1893_209-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Hawaii1893_209-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hawaii-nation.org/rape.html">"The Rape of Paradise: The Second Century Hawai'ians Grope Toward Sovereignty As The U.S. President Apologizes"</A>, Perceptions Magazine, March/April 1996, p. 18-25</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Hawaiisov-210"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-Hawaiisov_210-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Hawaiisov_210-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news">Grass, Michael (August 12, 2014). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.govexec.com/state-local/2014/08/hawaii-sovereignty-department-interior-hearings/91247/">"As Feds Hold Hearings, Native Hawaiians Press Sovereignty Claims"</A>. Government Executive. Government Executive<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">October 29,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=As+Feds+Hold+Hearings%2C+Native+Hawaiians+Press+Sovereignty+Claims&rft.date=2014-08-12&rft.aulast=Grass&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.govexec.com%2Fstate-local%2F2014%2F08%2Fhawaii-sovereignty-department-interior-hearings%2F91247%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-211"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-211"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">United States Social Forum. Book Committee (2010). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mn8TAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA294"><I>The United States Social Forum: Perspectives of a Movement</I></A>. Lulu.com. p. 294. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-557-32373-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-557-32373-9">978-0-557-32373-9</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+United+States+Social+Forum%3A+Perspectives+of+a+Movement&rft.pages=294&rft.pub=Lulu.com&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-557-32373-9&rft.au=United+States+Social+Forum.+Book+Committee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dmn8TAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA294&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-212"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-212"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Aran Alton Ardaiz (2008). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8ep_MtL5BacC&pg=PA153"><I>Hawaii – The Fake State</I></A>. Trafford Publishing. p. 153. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4251-7524-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4251-7524-5">978-1-4251-7524-5</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hawaii+%E2%80%93+The+Fake+State&rft.pages=153&rft.pub=Trafford+Publishing&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-4251-7524-5&rft.au=Aran+Alton+Ardaiz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8ep_MtL5BacC%26pg%3DPA153&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-213"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-213"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">United States Social Forum. Book Committee (2010). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mn8TAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA294"><I>The United States Social Forum: Perspectives of a Movement</I></A>. Lulu.com. p. 294. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-557-32373-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-557-32373-9">978-0-557-32373-9</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+United+States+Social+Forum%3A+Perspectives+of+a+Movement&rft.pages=294&rft.pub=Lulu.com&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-557-32373-9&rft.au=United+States+Social+Forum.+Book+Committee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dmn8TAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA294&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-214"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-214"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Aran Alton Ardaiz (2008). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8ep_MtL5BacC&pg=PA153"><I>Hawaii - The Fake State</I></A>. Trafford Publishing. p. 153. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4251-7524-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4251-7524-5">978-1-4251-7524-5</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hawaii+-+The+Fake+State&rft.pages=153&rft.pub=Trafford+Publishing&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-4251-7524-5&rft.au=Aran+Alton+Ardaiz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8ep_MtL5BacC%26pg%3DPA153&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
</OL>
</DIV>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Notes">Notes</SPAN></H3>
<DIV class="reflist" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<DIV class="mw-references-wrap">
<OL class="references">
<LI id="cite_note-4"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-4"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Local usage generally reserves <I>Hawaiian</I> as an <A href="/wiki/Ethnonym" title="Ethnonym">ethnonym</A> referring to <A href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiians" title="Native Hawaiians">Native Hawaiians</A>. <I>Hawaii resident</I> is the preferred local form to refer to state residents in general regardless of ethnicity. <I>Hawaii</I> may also be used adjectivally. The <I><A href="/wiki/Associated_Press_Stylebook" class="mw-redirect" title="Associated Press Stylebook">Associated Press Stylebook</A></I>, 42nd ed. (2007), also prescribes this usage (p. 112).</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-21"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-21"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">The <A href="/wiki/%CA%BBokina" class="mw-redirect" title="ʻokina">ʻokina</A>, which resembles an apostrophe and precedes the final <I>i</I> in <I>Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</I>, is a consonant in Hawaiian and phonetically represents the <A href="/wiki/Glottal_stop" title="Glottal stop">glottal stop</A> <SPAN class="nowrap"><SPAN class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt"><A href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<SPAN style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><SPAN title="/ʔ/: the catch in 'uh-oh'">ʔ</SPAN></SPAN>/</A></SPAN></SPAN>.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-100"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-100"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">For comparison, <A href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</A>—which has 8,717,925 people in 7,417 square miles (19,210 km<SUP>2</SUP>)—is the most-densely populated state in <A href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">the Union</A> with 1,134 people per square mile.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-130"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-130"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">English "to be" is often omitted in Pidgin. In contexts where "to be" is used in <A href="/wiki/General_American" title="General American">General American</A>, "to stay" is preferred. "To stay" may have arisen due to an English calque of the Portuguese <I><A href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ser#Portuguese" class="extiw" title="wikt:ser">ser</A></I>, <I><A href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/estar#Portuguese" class="extiw" title="wikt:estar">estar</A></I>, or <I><A href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ficar#Portuguese" class="extiw" title="wikt:ficar">ficar</A></I>. <I>Eh?</I> (<SMALL>IPA: </SMALL><SPAN title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA"><A href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[æ̃ː˧˦]</A></SPAN>) is a <A href="/wiki/Tag_question" title="Tag question">tag question</A> which may have roots in Japanese, which utilizes ね (ne?) to emphasize a point that may be agreed upon by all parties, or may come from Portuguese <A href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/n%C3%A9#Portuguese" class="extiw" title="wikt:né">né?</A> (shortened from "<A href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/n%C3%A3o_%C3%A9#Portuguese" class="extiw" title="wikt:não é">não é?</A>"), cf. French <A href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/n%27est-ce_pas#French" class="extiw" title="wikt:n'est-ce pas">n'est-ce pas ?</A>. <I>Eh?</I> may also have come from English <I>yeah</I>.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-195"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-195"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Senator Inouye, who ranked first in seniority, died in December 2012. Senator <A href="/wiki/Daniel_Akaka" title="Daniel Akaka">Daniel Akaka</A>, who ranked 21st of the Senate's one hundred members, retired in January 2013 after serving twenty-three years in the Senate.</SPAN></LI>
</OL>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Bibliography">Bibliography</SPAN></H2>
<UL>
<LI><CITE class="citation book">Bushnell, Oswald A. (1993). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pKBhBxgKxs8C"><I>The Gifts of Civilization: Germs and Genocide in Hawai?i</I></A>. University of Hawaii Press. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8248-1457-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8248-1457-1">978-0-8248-1457-1</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Gifts+of+Civilization%3A+Germs+and+Genocide+in+Hawai%3Fi&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-8248-1457-1&rft.aulast=Bushnell&rft.aufirst=Oswald+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpKBhBxgKxs8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><CITE class="citation book">Holmes, T. Michael (1994). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rzNydGYX3jQC"><I>The Specter of Communism in Hawaii</I></A>. University of Hawaii Press. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8248-1550-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8248-1550-9">978-0-8248-1550-9</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Specter+of+Communism+in+Hawaii&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-8248-1550-9&rft.aulast=Holmes&rft.aufirst=T.+Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrzNydGYX3jQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI>Russ Jr., William Adam. <I>The Hawaiian Republic (1894–98) and Its Struggle to Win Annexation.</I> Selinsgrove, PA: Susquehanna University Press, 1961.</LI>
<LI><CITE class="citation news">Schamel, Wynell; Schamel, Charles E. (2016-08-15). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/hawaii-petition">"The 1897 Petition Against the Annexation of Hawaii"</A>. <I>National Archives</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">2017-10-10</SPAN></SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Archives&rft.atitle=The+1897+Petition+Against+the+Annexation+of+Hawaii&rft.date=2016-08-15&rft.aulast=Schamel&rft.aufirst=Wynell&rft.au=Schamel%2C+Charles+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.archives.gov%2Feducation%2Flessons%2Fhawaii-petition&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI>Schamel, Wynell and Charles E. Schamel. "The 1897 Petition Against the Annexation of Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i." Social Education 63, 7 (November/December 1999): 402–08.</LI>
<LI><CITE class="citation journal">Stokes, John F. G. (1932-10-12). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1525/aa.1932.34.4.02a00050/abstract">"Spaniards and the Sweet Potato in Hawaii and Hawaiian-American Contacts"</A>. <I>American Anthropologist</I>. <B>34</B> (4): 594–600. <A href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</A>:<A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//doi.org/10.1525%2Faa.1932.34.4.02a00050">10.1525/aa.1932.34.4.02a00050</A>. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1548-1433">1548-1433</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Anthropologist&rft.atitle=Spaniards+and+the+Sweet+Potato+in+Hawaii+and+Hawaiian-American+Contacts&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=594-600&rft.date=1932-10-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1525%2Faa.1932.34.4.02a00050&rft.issn=1548-1433&rft.aulast=Stokes&rft.aufirst=John+F.+G.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1525%2Faa.1932.34.4.02a00050%2Fabstract&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHawaii" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></LI>
</UL>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</SPAN></H2>
<DIV role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="metadata plainlinks plainlist mbox-small" style="border:1px solid #aaa; padding:0.75em; background:#f9f9f9;">
<DIV style="padding-bottom: 0.75em; text-align: center;">Find more about<B style="display:block;">Hawaii</B>at Wikipedia's <A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><SPAN id="sister-projects">sister projects</SPAN></A></DIV>
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<LI style="min-height: 31px;"><SPAN style="display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" width="27" height="27" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></SPAN><SPAN style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;"><A href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Hawaii" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Hawaii">Definitions</A> from Wiktionary</SPAN></LI>
<LI style="min-height: 31px;"><SPAN style="display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" width="20" height="27" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></SPAN><SPAN style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;"><A href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Hawaii" class="extiw" title="c:Special:Search/Hawaii">Media</A> from Wikimedia Commons</SPAN></LI>
<LI style="min-height: 31px;"><SPAN style="display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" width="27" height="15" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></SPAN><SPAN style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;"><A href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Hawaii" class="extiw" title="n:Special:Search/Hawaii">News</A> from Wikinews</SPAN></LI>
<LI style="min-height: 31px;"><SPAN style="display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" width="23" height="27" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></SPAN><SPAN style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;"><A href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Hawaii" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Hawaii">Quotations</A> from Wikiquote</SPAN></LI>
<LI style="min-height: 31px;"><SPAN style="display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" width="26" height="27" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></SPAN><SPAN style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;"><A href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Hawaii" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Hawaii">Texts</A> from Wikisource</SPAN></LI>
<LI style="min-height: 31px;"><SPAN style="display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" width="27" height="27" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></SPAN><SPAN style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;"><A href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Hawaii" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Hawaii">Textbooks</A> from Wikibooks</SPAN></LI>
<LI style="min-height: 31px;"><SPAN style="display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" width="27" height="27" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></SPAN><SPAN style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;"><A href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Hawaii#Q782" class="extiw" title="voy:Hawaii">Travel guide</A> from Wikivoyage</SPAN></LI>
<LI style="min-height: 31px;"><SPAN style="display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Wikiversity-logo-en.svg/27px-Wikiversity-logo-en.svg.png" width="27" height="24" style="vertical-align: middle" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Wikiversity-logo-en.svg/41px-Wikiversity-logo-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Wikiversity-logo-en.svg/54px-Wikiversity-logo-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="900" /></SPAN><SPAN style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;"><A href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Hawaii" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Hawaii">Learning resources</A> from Wikiversity</SPAN></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
<UL>
<LI><SPAN class="official-website"><SPAN class="url"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://portal.ehawaii.gov/index.html">Official website</A></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/states/hawaii/index.html">Hawaii State Guide from the Library of Congress</A></LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://curlie.org/Regional/North_America/United_States/Hawaii">Hawaii</A> at Curlie (based on <A href="/wiki/DMOZ" title="DMOZ">DMOZ</A>)</LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/state-fact-sheets/state-data.aspx?StateFIPS=15&StateName=Hawaii#.U8PzP_ldUeo">Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i State Fact Sheet</A> from the U.S. Department of Agriculture</LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101104233304/https://www.usgs.gov/state/state.asp?State=HI">USGS real-time, geographic, and other scientific resources of Hawaii</A></LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/state/state_energy_profiles.cfm?sid=HI">Energy Data & Statistics for Hawaii</A></LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eoimages.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/imagerecords/3000/3510/image05292003_lrg.jpg">Satellite image of Hawaiian Islands</A> at <A href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</A>'s <A href="/wiki/Earth_Observatory" class="mw-redirect" title="Earth Observatory">Earth Observatory</A></LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eisenhower.archives.gov/research/online_documents/hawaii_statehood.html">Documents relating to Hawaii Statehood, Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library</A></LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/21/opinion/21theroux.html?pagewanted=all">Happily a State, Forever an Island</A> by <I>The New York Times</I></LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101103095527/http://www.life.com/image/first/in-gallery/50681/hawaii-then-and-now">"Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i Then and Now"</A> – slideshow by <I><A href="/wiki/Life_(magazine)" title="Life (magazine)">Life</A></I> magazine (Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.life.com/image/first/in-gallery/50681/hawaii-then-and-now">the original</A> on November 3, 2010)</LI>
<LI><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" width="16" height="16" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/24px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/32px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /> Geographic data related to <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/166563">Hawaii</A> at <A href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</A></LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/rr/rarebook/coll/110.html">Hawaiian Imprint Collection</A> From the <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/rr/rarebook/">Rare Book and Special Collections Division at the Library of Congress</A></LI>
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<TD style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<BR />
<SPAN style="font-weight: bold"><A href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</A></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><B><A href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_date_of_statehood" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. states by date of statehood">List of U.S. states by date of statehood</A></B><BR />
Admitted on August 21, 1959 (50th)</TD>
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<DIV id="23x16px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_State_of_Hawaii" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><SPAN class="flagicon"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Hawaii.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hawaii.svg.png" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Hawaii.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hawaii.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Hawaii.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hawaii.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></SPAN> <A href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</A> of <A class="mw-selflink selflink">Hawaii</A></DIV>
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<DIV><B><A href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu</A></B> (capital)</DIV>
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#F3D161;;width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Index_of_Hawaii-related_articles" title="Index of Hawaii-related articles">Topics</A></TH>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Hawai%CA%BBi" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of Hawaiʻi">Constitution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Hawaii" title="United States congressional delegations from Hawaii">Delegations</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Discovery_and_settlement_of_Hawaii" title="Discovery and settlement of Hawaii">Discovery and settlement</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Hawaii" title="List of earthquakes in Hawaii">Earthquakes</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Islands" title="Hawaiian Islands">Geography</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hawaii#Governance" title="Hawaii">Government</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hawaiianize" title="Hawaiianize">Hawaiianize</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/History_of_Hawaii" title="History of Hawaii">History</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Hawaii" title="List of islands of Hawaii">Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_language" title="Hawaiian language">ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi (Hawaiian Language)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/K%C5%AB%CA%BB%C4%93_Petitions" title="Kūʻē Petitions">Kūʻē Petitions</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Music_of_Hawaii" title="Music of Hawaii">Music</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Hawaii" title="List of people from Hawaii">People</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_Hawaii_state_symbols" title="List of Hawaii state symbols">State symbols</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Hawaii" title="Tourism in Hawaii">Tourism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Hawaii" title="Transportation in Hawaii">Transportation</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Unification_of_Hawaii" title="Unification of Hawaii">Unification</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD class="navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px">
<DIV><A href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_State_of_Hawaii.svg" class="image" title="Seal of Hawaii"><IMG alt="Seal of Hawaii" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Seal_of_the_State_of_Hawaii.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_State_of_Hawaii.svg.png" width="100" height="100" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Seal_of_the_State_of_Hawaii.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_State_of_Hawaii.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Seal_of_the_State_of_Hawaii.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_State_of_Hawaii.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="650" /></A>
<DIV><SMALL><A href="/wiki/Seal_of_Hawaii" title="Seal of Hawaii">Seal of Hawaii</A></SMALL></DIV>
</DIV>
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<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#F3D161;;width:1%">Society</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_architecture" title="Hawaiian architecture">Hawaiian architecture</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Crime_in_Hawaii" title="Crime in Hawaii">Crime</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hawaii#Culture" title="Hawaii">Culture</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hawaii#Demographics" title="Hawaii">Demographics</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hawaii#Economy" title="Hawaii">Economy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hawaii#Education" title="Hawaii">Education</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Energy_in_Hawaii" title="Energy in Hawaii">Energy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Folklore_in_Hawaii" title="Folklore in Hawaii">Folklore</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Media_in_Hawaii" title="Media in Hawaii">Media</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Politics_of_Hawaii" title="Politics of Hawaii">Politics</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Sports_in_Hawaii" title="Category:Sports in Hawaii">Sports</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#F3D161;;width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Islands" title="Hawaiian Islands">Main Islands</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_(island)" title="Hawaii (island)">Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kahoolawe" title="Kahoolawe">Kaho<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>olawe</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kauai" title="Kauai">Kaua<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lanai" title="Lanai">Lāna<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Maui" title="Maui">Maui</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Molokai" title="Molokai">Moloka<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Niihau" title="Niihau">Ni<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ihau</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Oahu" title="Oahu">O<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>ahu</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#F3D161;;width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Northwestern_Hawaiian_Islands" title="Northwestern Hawaiian Islands">Northwestern<BR />
Islands</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/French_Frigate_Shoals" title="French Frigate Shoals">French Frigate Shoals</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gardner_Pinnacles" title="Gardner Pinnacles">Gardner</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kure_Atoll" title="Kure Atoll">Kure</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Laysan" title="Laysan">Laysan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lisianski_Island" title="Lisianski Island">Lisianski</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Maro_Reef" title="Maro Reef">Maro Reef</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Necker_Island_(Northwestern_Hawaiian_Islands)" class="mw-redirect" title="Necker Island (Northwestern Hawaiian Islands)">Necker</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nihoa" title="Nihoa">Nihoa</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pearl_and_Hermes_Atoll" title="Pearl and Hermes Atoll">Pearl and Hermes</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#F3D161;;width:1%"><A href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Hawaii" title="List of places in Hawaii">Communities</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hilo,_Hawaii" title="Hilo, Hawaii">Hilo</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kahului,_Hawaii" title="Kahului, Hawaii">Kahului</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kaneohe,_Hawaii" title="Kaneohe, Hawaii">Kāneʻohe</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lihue,_Hawaii" title="Lihue, Hawaii">Līhu<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>e</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pearl_City,_Hawaii" title="Pearl City, Hawaii">Pearl City</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Waipahu,_Hawaii" title="Waipahu, Hawaii">Waipahu</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#F3D161;;width:1%"><A href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Hawaii" title="List of counties in Hawaii">Counties</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hawaii_County,_Hawaii" title="Hawaii County, Hawaii">Hawai<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Honolulu_County,_Hawaii" title="Honolulu County, Hawaii">Honolulu</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kalawao_County,_Hawaii" title="Kalawao County, Hawaii">Kalawao</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kauai_County,_Hawaii" title="Kauai County, Hawaii">Kaua<SPAN class="unicode">ʻ</SPAN>i</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Maui_County,_Hawaii" title="Maui County, Hawaii">Maui</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
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<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#F3D161;;width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_sovereignty_movement" title="Hawaiian sovereignty movement">Sovereignty Movement</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Renaissance" title="Hawaiian Renaissance">Hawaiian Renaissance</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/2008_occupation_of_Iolani_Palace" title="2008 occupation of Iolani Palace">2008 occupation of Iolani Palace</A></LI>
</UL>
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">Sovereign states</A></TH>
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Entire</TH>
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<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kiribati" title="Kiribati">Kiribati</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Marshall_Islands" title="Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauru</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Palau" title="Palau">Palau</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</A></LI>
</UL>
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">In part</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Easter_Island" title="Easter Island">Easter Island</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Juan_Fern%C3%A1ndez_Islands" title="Juan Fernández Islands">Juan Fernández Islands</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/West_Papua_(province)" title="West Papua (province)">West Papua</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Papua_(province)" title="Papua (province)">Papua</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bonin_Islands" title="Bonin Islands">Bonin Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Minami-Tori-Shima" class="mw-redirect" title="Minami-Tori-Shima">Minami-Tori-Shima</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</A>
<UL>
<LI><A class="mw-selflink selflink">Hawaii</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Palmyra_Atoll" title="Palmyra Atoll">Palmyra Atoll</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
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</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
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<DIV><A href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania"><IMG alt="Oceania (orthographic projection).svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Oceania_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/150px-Oceania_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" width="150" height="150" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Oceania_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/225px-Oceania_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Oceania_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/300px-Oceania_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></A></DIV>
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">
<DIV style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><A href="/wiki/Realm_of_New_Zealand" title="Realm of New Zealand">Associated states<BR />
of New Zealand</A></DIV>
</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Niue" title="Niue">Niue</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">
<DIV style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><A href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</A> and<BR />
other territories</DIV>
</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV>
<TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0">
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Australia</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ashmore_and_Cartier_Islands" title="Ashmore and Cartier Islands">Ashmore and Cartier Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Coral_Sea_Islands" title="Coral Sea Islands">Coral Sea Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kangaroo_Island" title="Kangaroo Island">Kangaroo Island</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lord_Howe_Island" title="Lord Howe Island">Lord Howe Island</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Macquarie_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Macquarie Islands">Macquarie Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Norfolk_Island" title="Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><A href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">American Samoa</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Baker_Island" title="Baker Island">Baker Island</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Howland_Island" title="Howland Island">Howland Island</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Jarvis_Island" title="Jarvis Island">Jarvis Island</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Johnston_Atoll" title="Johnston Atoll">Johnston Atoll</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kingman_Reef" title="Kingman Reef">Kingman Reef</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Midway_Atoll" title="Midway Atoll">Midway Atoll</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wake_Island" title="Wake Island">Wake Island</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><A href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Auckland_Islands" title="Auckland Islands">Auckland Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Bounty_Islands" title="Bounty Islands">Bounty Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Chatham_Islands" title="Chatham Islands">Chatham Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Campbell_Island,_New_Zealand" title="Campbell Island, New Zealand">Campbell Island</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tokelau" title="Tokelau">Tokelau</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><A href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/French_Polynesia" title="French Polynesia">French Polynesia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/New_Caledonia" title="New Caledonia">New Caledonia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wallis_and_Futuna" title="Wallis and Futuna">Wallis and Futuna</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><A href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
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<LI><A href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</A></LI>
</UL>
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<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Polynesian_Triangle" title="Polynesian Triangle">Polynesian triangle</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Easter_Island" title="Easter Island">Easter Island</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/French_Polynesia" title="French Polynesia">French Polynesia</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Austral_Islands" title="Austral Islands">Austral Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gambier_Islands" title="Gambier Islands">Gambier Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Marquesas_Islands" title="Marquesas Islands">Marquesas Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Society_Islands" title="Society Islands">Society Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tuamotus" title="Tuamotus">Tuamotus</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Islands" title="Hawaiian Islands">Hawaiian Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Niue" title="Niue">Niue</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rotuma" title="Rotuma">Rotuma</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Isla_Salas_y_G%C3%B3mez" title="Isla Salas y Gómez">Sala y Gómez</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Samoan_Islands" title="Samoan Islands">Samoan Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tokelau" title="Tokelau">Tokelau</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wallis_and_Futuna" title="Wallis and Futuna">Wallis and Futuna Islands</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Polynesian_outlier" title="Polynesian outlier">Polynesian outliers</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Aniwa_Island" title="Aniwa Island">Aniwa</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Anuta" title="Anuta">Anuta</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Emae" title="Emae">Emae</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Futuna_Island,_Vanuatu" title="Futuna Island, Vanuatu">Futuna</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kapingamarangi" title="Kapingamarangi">Kapingamarangi</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Loyalty_Islands" title="Loyalty Islands">Loyalty Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mele_(island)" title="Mele (island)">Mele</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nuguria" title="Nuguria">Nuguria</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nukumanu_Islands" title="Nukumanu Islands">Nukumanu</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nukuoro" title="Nukuoro">Nukuoro</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ontong_Java_Atoll" title="Ontong Java Atoll">Ontong Java</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ouv%C3%A9a" title="Ouvéa">Ouvéa</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pileni" title="Pileni">Pileni</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rennell_and_Bellona_Province" title="Rennell and Bellona Province">Rennell</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sikaiana" title="Sikaiana">Sikaiana</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Takuu_Atoll" title="Takuu Atoll">Takuu</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tikopia" title="Tikopia">Tikopia</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Polynesian-influenced</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lau_Islands" title="Lau Islands">Lau Islands</A></LI>
</UL>
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</TH>
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<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right; vertical-align:top;"><A href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">States</A></TH>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</A></LI>
<LI><A class="mw-selflink selflink">Hawaii</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">Maine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/New_Hampshire" title="New Hampshire">New Hampshire</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">Vermont</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</A></LI>
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<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"><A href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</A></DIV>
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right; vertical-align:top;"><A href="/wiki/Insular_area" title="Insular area">Insular areas</A></TH>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">American Samoa</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="United States Virgin Islands">U.S. Virgin Islands</A></LI>
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right; vertical-align:top;"><A href="/wiki/United_States_Minor_Outlying_Islands" title="United States Minor Outlying Islands">Outlying islands</A></TH>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/Baker_Island" title="Baker Island">Baker Island</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Howland_Island" title="Howland Island">Howland Island</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Jarvis_Island" title="Jarvis Island">Jarvis Island</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Johnston_Atoll" title="Johnston Atoll">Johnston Atoll</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Kingman_Reef" title="Kingman Reef">Kingman Reef</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Midway_Atoll" title="Midway Atoll">Midway Atoll</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Navassa_Island" title="Navassa Island">Navassa Island</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Palmyra_Atoll" title="Palmyra Atoll">Palmyra Atoll</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wake_Island" title="Wake Island">Wake Island</A></LI>
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<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_reservations_in_the_United_States" title="List of Indian reservations in the United States">List of Indian reservations</A></LI>
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<TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By event</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Timeline_of_United_States_history" title="Timeline of United States history">Timeline of U.S. history</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pre-Columbian_era" title="Pre-Columbian era">Pre-Columbian era</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Colonial_history_of_the_United_States" title="Colonial history of the United States">Colonial era</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies" title="Thirteen Colonies">Thirteen Colonies</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Colonial_American_military_history" title="Colonial American military history">military history</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Continental_Congress" title="Continental Congress">Continental Congress</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">War</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/American_frontier" title="American frontier">American frontier</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/America%27s_Critical_Period" title="America's Critical Period">America's Critical Period</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Timeline_of_drafting_and_ratification_of_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Timeline of drafting and ratification of the United States Constitution">Drafting and ratification of Constitution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Federalist_Era" title="Federalist Era">Federalist Era</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_territorial_acquisitions" title="United States territorial acquisitions">Territorial acquisitions</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Territorial_evolution_of_the_United_States" title="Territorial evolution of the United States">Territorial evolution</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War" title="Mexican–American War">Mexican–American War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Reconstruction_Era" title="Reconstruction Era">Reconstruction Era</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/American_Indian_Wars" title="American Indian Wars">Indian Wars</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gilded_Age" title="Gilded Age">Gilded Age</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Progressive_Era" title="Progressive Era">Progressive Era</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/African-American_civil_rights_movement_(1865%E2%80%931896)" title="African-American civil rights movement (1865–1896)">African-American civil rights movement 1865–1896</A> / <A href="/wiki/African-American_civil_rights_movement_(1896%E2%80%931954)" title="African-American civil rights movement (1896–1954)">1896–1954</A> / <A href="/wiki/African-American_civil_rights_movement_(1954%E2%80%931968)" title="African-American civil rights movement (1954–1968)">1954–1968</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/American_imperialism" title="American imperialism">Imperialism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1865%E2%80%931918)#World_War_I" title="History of the United States (1865–1918)">World War I</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Roaring_Twenties" title="Roaring Twenties">Roaring Twenties</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_United_States_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of the United States during World War II">World War II</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_home_front_during_World_War_II" title="United States home front during World War II">home front</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/German_American_Bund" title="German American Bund">Nazism in the United States</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/American_Century" title="American Century">American Century</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Space_Race" title="Space Race">Space Race</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Second-wave_feminism" title="Second-wave feminism">Feminist Movement</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1991%E2%80%932008)" title="History of the United States (1991–2008)">Post-Cold War (1991–2008)</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/War_on_Terror" title="War on Terror">War on Terror</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%93present)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–present)">War in Afghanistan</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(2008%E2%80%93present)" title="History of the United States (2008–present)">Recent events (2008–present)</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By topic</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_United_States#History_of_the_United_States" title="Outline of the United States">Outline of U.S. history</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Demographic_history_of_the_United_States" title="Demographic history of the United States">Demographic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Timeline_of_United_States_discoveries" title="Timeline of United States discoveries">Discoveries</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_the_United_States" title="Economic history of the United States">Economic</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/History_of_United_States_debt_ceiling" title="History of United States debt ceiling">debt ceiling</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Timeline_of_United_States_inventions" title="Timeline of United States inventions">Inventions</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Timeline_of_United_States_inventions_(before_1890)" title="Timeline of United States inventions (before 1890)">before 1890</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Timeline_of_United_States_inventions_(1890%E2%80%931945)" title="Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945)">1890–1945</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Timeline_of_United_States_inventions_(1946%E2%80%9391)" title="Timeline of United States inventions (1946–91)">1946–91</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Timeline_of_United_States_inventions_(after_1991)" title="Timeline of United States inventions (after 1991)">after 1991</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_United_States" title="Military history of the United States">Military</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_the_United_States" title="Postage stamps and postal history of the United States">Postal</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Technological_and_industrial_history_of_the_United_States" title="Technological and industrial history of the United States">Technological and industrial</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_United_States" title="Geography of the United States">Geography</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV>
<TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_territory" title="United States territory">Territory</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/County_(United_States)" title="County (United States)">counties</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">federal district</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Federal_enclave" title="Federal enclave">federal enclaves</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservations</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States" title="Territories of the United States">insular zones</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_Minor_Outlying_Islands" title="United States Minor Outlying Islands">minor outlying islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lists_of_populated_places_in_the_United_States" title="Lists of populated places in the United States">populated places</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">states</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_the_United_States" title="List of earthquakes in the United States">Earthquakes</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_extreme_points_of_the_United_States" title="List of extreme points of the United States">Extreme points</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_the_United_States" title="List of islands of the United States">Islands</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_of_the_United_States" title="List of mountains of the United States">Mountains</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_mountain_peaks_of_the_United_States" title="List of mountain peaks of the United States">peaks</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_mountain_ranges#United_States" title="List of mountain ranges">ranges</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Appalachian_Mountains" title="Appalachian Mountains">Appalachian</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_areas_in_the_United_States_National_Park_System" title="List of areas in the United States National Park System">National Parks</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States" title="List of regions of the United States">Regions</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/East_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="East Coast of the United States">East Coast</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">West Coast</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Great_Plains" title="Great Plains">Great Plains</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gulf_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="Gulf Coast of the United States">Gulf</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mid-Atlantic_states" title="Mid-Atlantic states">Mid-Atlantic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwestern</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Pacific_States" title="Pacific States">Pacific</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Central_United_States" title="Central United States">Central</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Eastern_United_States" title="Eastern United States">Eastern</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northern_United_States" title="Northern United States">Northern</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northeastern_United_States" title="Northeastern United States">Northeastern</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Northwestern_United_States" title="Northwestern United States">Northwestern</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Southeastern_United_States" title="Southeastern United States">Southeastern</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">Southwestern</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Western_United_States" title="Western United States">Western</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_the_United_States" title="List of rivers of the United States">Rivers</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Colorado_River" title="Colorado River">Colorado</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Columbia_River" title="Columbia River">Columbia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Missouri_River" title="Missouri River">Missouri</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ohio_River" title="Ohio River">Ohio</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Rio_Grande" title="Rio Grande">Rio Grande</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Yukon_River" title="Yukon River">Yukon</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Time_in_the_United_States" title="Time in the United States">Time</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Drinking_water_supply_and_sanitation_in_the_United_States" title="Drinking water supply and sanitation in the United States">Water supply and sanitation</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_United_States" title="Politics of the United States">Politics</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV>
<TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV>
<TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><A href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">Federal</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV>
<TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Executive</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Cabinet</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_federal_civil_service" title="United States federal civil service">Civil service</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_federal_executive_departments" title="United States federal executive departments">Executive departments</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Executive_Office_of_the_President_of_the_United_States" title="Executive Office of the President of the United States">Executive Office</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Independent_agencies_of_the_United_States_government" title="Independent agencies of the United States government">Independent agencies</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Federal_law_enforcement_in_the_United_States" title="Federal law enforcement in the United States">Law enforcement</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Public_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Public policy of the United States">Public policy</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><A href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">Legislative</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House of Representatives</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Current_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Current members of the United States House of Representatives">current members</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speaker</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senate</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Current_members_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Current members of the United States Senate">current members</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/President_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="President pro tempore of the United States Senate">President pro tempore</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><A href="/wiki/Federal_judiciary_of_the_United_States" title="Federal judiciary of the United States">Judicial</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_courts_of_appeals" title="United States courts of appeals">Courts of appeals</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_district_court" title="United States district court">District courts</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><A href="/wiki/Law_of_the_United_States" title="Law of the United States">Law</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_Bill_of_Rights" title="United States Bill of Rights">Bill of Rights</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Civil_liberties_in_the_United_States" title="Civil liberties in the United States">civil liberties</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Code_of_Federal_Regulations" title="Code of Federal Regulations">Code of Federal Regulations</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_Constitution" title="United States Constitution">Constitution</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Federalism_in_the_United_States" title="Federalism in the United States">federalism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Federal_preemption" title="Federal preemption">preemption</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Separation_of_powers_under_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Separation of powers under the United States Constitution">separation of powers</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Federal_Reporter" title="Federal Reporter">Federal Reporter</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_Code" title="United States Code">United States Code</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_Reports" title="United States Reports">United States Reports</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><A href="/wiki/United_States_Intelligence_Community" title="United States Intelligence Community">Intelligence</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Defense_Intelligence_Agency" title="Defense Intelligence Agency">Defense Intelligence Agency</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">Federal Bureau of Investigation</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/National_Geospatial-Intelligence_Agency" title="National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency">National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/National_Reconnaissance_Office" title="National Reconnaissance Office">National Reconnaissance Office</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency" title="National Security Agency">National Security Agency</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Director_of_National_Intelligence" title="Director of National Intelligence">Office of the Director of National Intelligence</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><A href="/wiki/Uniformed_services_of_the_United_States" title="Uniformed services of the United States">Uniformed</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_Armed_Forces" title="United States Armed Forces">Armed Forces</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">Army</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">Air Force</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard" title="United States Coast Guard">Coast Guard</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/National_Guard_of_the_United_States" title="National Guard of the United States">National Guard</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/NOAA_Commissioned_Officer_Corps" title="NOAA Commissioned Officer Corps">NOAA Corps</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_Public_Health_Service_Commissioned_Corps" title="United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps">Public Health Service Corps</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/51st_state" title="51st state">51st state</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Political status of Puerto Rico">political status of Puerto Rico</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia_statehood_movement" title="District of Columbia statehood movement">District of Columbia statehood movement</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_States" title="Elections in the United States">Elections</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Electoral_College_(United_States)" title="Electoral College (United States)">Electoral College</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_United_States" title="Foreign relations of the United States">Foreign relations</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Foreign policy of the United States">Foreign policy</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hawaiian_sovereignty_movement" title="Hawaiian sovereignty movement">Hawaiian sovereignty movement</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Political_ideologies_in_the_United_States" title="Political ideologies in the United States">Ideologies</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Anti-Americanism" title="Anti-Americanism">anti-Americanism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/American_exceptionalism" title="American exceptionalism">exceptionalism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/American_nationalism" title="American nationalism">nationalism</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Local_government_in_the_United_States" title="Local government in the United States">Local government</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Political_parties_in_the_United_States" title="Political parties in the United States">Parties</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Third_party_(United_States)" title="Third party (United States)">Third parties</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Red_states_and_blue_states" title="Red states and blue states">Red states and blue states</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Purple_America" title="Purple America">Purple America</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_federal_political_scandals_in_the_United_States" title="List of federal political scandals in the United States">Scandals</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/State_governments_of_the_United_States" title="State governments of the United States">State government</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Governor_(United_States)" title="Governor (United States)">governor</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/State_legislature_(United_States)" title="State legislature (United States)">state legislature</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/State_court_(United_States)" title="State court (United States)">state court</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Uncle_Sam" title="Uncle Sam">Uncle Sam</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Economy of the United States">Economy</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV>
<TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States_by_sector" title="Economy of the United States by sector">By sector</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_the_United_States" title="Agriculture in the United States">Agriculture</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Banking_in_the_United_States" title="Banking in the United States">Banking</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Communications_in_the_United_States" title="Communications in the United States">Communications</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Energy_in_the_United_States" title="Energy in the United States">Energy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Insurance_in_the_United_States" title="Insurance in the United States">Insurance</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Manufacturing_in_the_United_States" title="Manufacturing in the United States">Manufacturing</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mining_in_the_United_States" title="Mining in the United States">Mining</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tourism_in_the_United_States" title="Tourism in the United States">Tourism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Foreign_trade_of_the_United_States" title="Foreign trade of the United States">Trade</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Transportation_in_the_United_States" title="Transportation in the United States">Transportation</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_the_United_States" title="List of companies of the United States">Companies</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_the_United_States_by_state" title="List of companies of the United States by state">by state</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">Currency</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_exports_of_the_United_States" title="List of exports of the United States">Exports</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/United_States_federal_budget" title="United States federal budget">Federal budget</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_System" title="Federal Reserve System">Federal Reserve System</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Financial_position_of_the_United_States" title="Financial position of the United States">Financial position</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Labor_unions_in_the_United_States" title="Labor unions in the United States">Labor unions</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/National_debt_of_the_United_States" title="National debt of the United States">Public debt</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Social_programs_in_the_United_States" title="Social programs in the United States">Social welfare programs</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Taxation_in_the_United_States" title="Taxation in the United States">Taxation</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Unemployment_in_the_United_States" title="Unemployment in the United States">Unemployment</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wall_Street" title="Wall Street">Wall Street</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Society_of_the_United_States" title="Society of the United States">Society</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV>
<TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TD colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV>
<TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><A href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_United_States" title="Culture of the United States">Culture</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Americana" title="Americana">Americana</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Architecture_of_the_United_States" title="Architecture of the United States">Architecture</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States" title="Cinema of the United States">Cinema</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_United_States" title="Cuisine of the United States">Cuisine</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Dance_in_the_United_States" title="Dance in the United States">Dance</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Demography_of_the_United_States" title="Demography of the United States">Demography</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Education_in_the_United_States" title="Education in the United States">Education</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Family_structure_in_the_United_States" title="Family structure in the United States">Family structure</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Fashion_in_the_United_States" title="Fashion in the United States">Fashion</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_States" title="Flag of the United States">Flag</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Folklore_of_the_United_States" title="Folklore of the United States">Folklore</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_United_States" title="Languages of the United States">Languages</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">American English</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Indigenous_languages_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous languages of the Americas">Indigenous languages</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/American_Sign_Language" title="American Sign Language">ASL</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Black_American_Sign_Language" title="Black American Sign Language">Black American Sign Language</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hawai%27i_Sign_Language" title="Hawai'i Sign Language">HSL</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Plains_Indian_Sign_Language" title="Plains Indian Sign Language">Plains Sign Talk</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Arabic_language_in_the_United_States" title="Arabic language in the United States">Arabic</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Chinese_language_and_varieties_in_the_United_States" title="Chinese language and varieties in the United States">Chinese</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/French_language_in_the_United_States" title="French language in the United States">French</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/German_language_in_the_United_States" title="German language in the United States">German</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Italian_language_in_the_United_States" title="Italian language in the United States">Italian</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Russian_language_in_the_United_States" title="Russian language in the United States">Russian</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Spanish_language_in_the_United_States" title="Spanish language in the United States">Spanish</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/American_literature" title="American literature">Literature</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Media_of_the_United_States" title="Media of the United States">Media</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/History_of_American_journalism" title="History of American journalism">Journalism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Internet_in_the_United_States" title="Internet in the United States">Internet</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/History_of_American_newspapers" title="History of American newspapers">Newspapers</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Radio_in_the_United_States" title="Radio in the United States">Radio</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Television_in_the_United_States" title="Television in the United States">Television</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Music_of_the_United_States" title="Music of the United States">Music</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Naming_in_the_United_States" title="Naming in the United States">Names</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Americans" title="Americans">People</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/American_philosophy" title="American philosophy">Philosophy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_the_United_States" title="Public holidays in the United States">Public holidays</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_United_States" title="Religion in the United States">Religion</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_the_United_States" title="Sexuality in the United States">Sexuality</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Sports_in_the_United_States" title="Sports in the United States">Sports</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Theater_in_the_United_States" title="Theater in the United States">Theater</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Visual_art_of_the_United_States" title="Visual art of the United States">Visual art</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><A href="/wiki/Social_class_in_the_United_States" title="Social class in the United States">Social class</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Affluence_in_the_United_States" title="Affluence in the United States">Affluence</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/American_Dream" title="American Dream">American Dream</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Educational_attainment_in_the_United_States" title="Educational attainment in the United States">Educational attainment</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_the_United_States" title="Homelessness in the United States">Homelessness</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Home-ownership_in_the_United_States" title="Home-ownership in the United States">Home-ownership</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Household_income_in_the_United_States" title="Household income in the United States">Household income</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Income_inequality_in_the_United_States" title="Income inequality in the United States">Income inequality</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/American_middle_class" title="American middle class">Middle class</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Personal_income_in_the_United_States" title="Personal income in the United States">Personal income</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Poverty_in_the_United_States" title="Poverty in the United States">Poverty</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Professional_and_working_class_conflict_in_the_United_States" title="Professional and working class conflict in the United States">Professional and working class conflict</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Standard_of_living_in_the_United_States" title="Standard of living in the United States">Standard of living</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Wealth_in_the_United_States" title="Wealth in the United States">Wealth</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><A href="/wiki/Social_issues_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Social issues in the United States">Issues</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ages_of_consent_in_the_United_States" title="Ages of consent in the United States">Ages of consent</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States" title="Capital punishment in the United States">Capital punishment</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Crime_in_the_United_States" title="Crime in the United States">Crime</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Incarceration_in_the_United_States" title="Incarceration in the United States">incarceration</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Criticism_of_the_United_States_government" title="Criticism of the United States government">Criticism of government</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Discrimination_in_the_United_States" title="Discrimination in the United States">Discrimination</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States" title="Affirmative action in the United States">affirmative action</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_United_States" title="Antisemitism in the United States">antisemitism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Intersex_rights_in_the_United_States" title="Intersex rights in the United States">intersex rights</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Islamophobia_in_the_United_States" title="Islamophobia in the United States">islamophobia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_United_States" title="LGBT rights in the United States">LGBT rights</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Racism_in_the_United_States" title="Racism in the United States">racism</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage_in_the_United_States" title="Same-sex marriage in the United States">same-sex marriage</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Federal_drug_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Federal drug policy of the United States">Drug policy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Energy policy of the United States">Energy policy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Environmental_movement_in_the_United_States" title="Environmental movement in the United States">Environmental movement</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gun_politics_in_the_United_States" title="Gun politics in the United States">Gun politics</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Health_care_in_the_United_States" title="Health care in the United States">Health care</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_United_States" title="Abortion in the United States">abortion</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Health_insurance_in_the_United_States" title="Health insurance in the United States">health insurance</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Hunger_in_the_United_States" title="Hunger in the United States">hunger</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Obesity_in_the_United_States" title="Obesity in the United States">obesity</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tobacco_in_the_United_States" title="Tobacco in the United States">smoking</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_United_States" title="Human rights in the United States">Human rights</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Immigration to the United States">Immigration</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Illegal immigration to the United States">illegal</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/International_rankings_of_the_United_States" title="International rankings of the United States">International rankings</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/National_security_of_the_United_States" title="National security of the United States">National security</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Mass_surveillance_in_the_United_States" title="Mass surveillance in the United States">Mass surveillance</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_the_United_States" title="Terrorism in the United States">Terrorism</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States" title="Separation of church and state in the United States">Separation of church and state</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
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</TD>
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<LI><SPAN style="font-weight:normal;"><A href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_United_States" title="Outline of the United States">Outline</A></SPAN></LI>
<LI><SPAN style="font-weight:normal;"><A href="/wiki/Index_of_United_States-related_articles" title="Index of United States-related articles">Index</A></SPAN></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Book:United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Book:United States">Book</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Category:United_States" title="Category:United States">Category</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">Portal</A></LI>
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<LI><SPAN class="nowrap"><A href="/wiki/LIBRIS" title="LIBRIS">SELIBR</A>: <SPAN class="uid"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/auth/147701">147701</A></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
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					<LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace"><A href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Achinese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" class="interlanguage-link-target">Acèh</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle" title="featured article"><A href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als"><A href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Alemannisch" lang="als" hreflang="als" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am"><A href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%83%E1%8B%8B%E1%8A%A2" title="ሃዋኢ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang"><A href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar"><A href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%8A" title="هاواي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an"><A href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp"><A href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havayi" title="Havayi – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast"><A href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B8%A4awai" title="Ḥawai – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn"><A href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hav%C3%A1i%27i" title="Havái'i – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay"><A href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii_suyu" title="Hawaii suyu – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aymar aru</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az"><A href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havay" title="Havay – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb"><A href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="هاوائی ایالتی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn"><A href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87" title="হাওয়াই – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan"><A href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawai%CA%BBi" title="Hawaiʻi – Chinese (Min Nan)" lang="zh-min-nan" hreflang="zh-min-nan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bân-lâm-gú</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba"><A href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9_(%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82)" title="Гавай (штат) – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be"><A href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%96" title="Гаваі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old"><A href="https://be-x-old.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%96" title="Гаваі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-x-old" hreflang="be-x-old" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh"><A href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88" title="हवाई – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl"><A href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi"><A href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bislama</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg"><A href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B8" title="Хаваи – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar"><A href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo"><A href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A7%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%9D%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8D" title="ཧ་ཝ་ཡི། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs"><A href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havaji" title="Havaji – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br"><A href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr"><A href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Һавай – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca"><A href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv"><A href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B8" title="Гавайи – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb"><A href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs"><A href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havaj" title="Havaj – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam"><A href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Chavacano" lang="cbk-zam" hreflang="cbk-zam" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chavacano de Zamboanga</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co"><A href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy"><A href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da"><A href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se"><A href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hav%C3%A1ija" title="Haváija – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de"><A href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv"><A href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A9yah_A%C5%82k%C3%A9%C3%A9%CA%BC_Naaznilgo_Dah_Ndaa%CA%BCee%C5%82%C3%AD" title="Kéyah Ałkééʼ Naaznilgo Dah Ndaaʼeełí – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Diné bizaad</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et"><A href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii_osariik" title="Hawaii osariik – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el"><A href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%AC%CE%B7" title="Χαβάη – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml"><A href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="eml" hreflang="eml" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es"><A href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haw%C3%A1i" title="Hawái – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo"><A href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havajo" title="Havajo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu"><A href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa"><A href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="هاوایی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif"><A href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo"><A href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr"><A href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawa%C3%AF" title="Hawaï – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy"><A href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawa%C3%AF" title="Hawaï – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga"><A href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hav%C3%A1%C3%AD" title="Haváí – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv"><A href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag"><A href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagauz</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd"><A href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl"><A href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawai" title="Hawai – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak"><A href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語/Hak-kâ-ngî</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal"><A href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B8" title="Хавайи – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" class="interlanguage-link-target">Хальмг</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko"><A href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%98%EC%99%80%EC%9D%B4_%EC%A3%BC" title="하와이 주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw"><A href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawai%E2%80%98i" title="Hawai‘i – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy"><A href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB" title="Հավայի – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi"><A href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88" title="हवाई – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb"><A href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hornjoserbsce</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr"><A href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havaji" title="Havaji – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io"><A href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havayi" title="Havayi – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig"><A href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igbo</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo"><A href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawai%27i" title="Hawai'i – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy"><A href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87" title="হাৱাই – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" class="interlanguage-link-target">বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id"><A href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia"><A href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stato_Hawaii" title="Stato Hawaii – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie"><A href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik"><A href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Iñupiak</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os"><A href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B8" title="Гавайи – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu"><A href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is"><A href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it"><A href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he"><A href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%99" title="הוואי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv"><A href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Jawa</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn"><A href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BF" title="ಹವಾಯಿ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam"><A href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka"><A href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ჰავაის შტატი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk"><A href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B8" title="Гавайи – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw"><A href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw"><A href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht"><A href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awayi" title="Awayi – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku"><A href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky"><A href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B8" title="Гавайи – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj"><A href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B8" title="Гавайи – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad"><A href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladino</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lrc"><A href="https://lrc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%D8%A7%DA%A4%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="ھاڤایی – Northern Luri" lang="lrc" hreflang="lrc" class="interlanguage-link-target">لۊری شومالی</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la"><A href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havaii_(civitas)" title="Havaii (civitas) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv"><A href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havajas" title="Havajas – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb"><A href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt"><A href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havajai" title="Havajai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij"><A href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li"><A href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawa%C3%AF" title="Hawaï – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo"><A href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lumbaart</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu"><A href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai"><A href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88" title="हवाई – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk"><A href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B8" title="Хаваи – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg"><A href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml"><A href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF" title="ഹവായി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi"><A href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawai%27i" title="Hawai'i – Maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr"><A href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88" title="हवाई – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf"><A href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98)" title="ჰავაი (შტატი) – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz"><A href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%89" title="هاواى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn"><A href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="هاوایی – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms"><A href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min"><A href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" class="interlanguage-link-target">Baso Minangkabau</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo"><A href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Min Dong Chinese" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn"><A href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Хавай – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my"><A href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9F%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AE%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA" title="ဟာဝိုင်ယီပြည်နယ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah"><A href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Nāhuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nāhuatl</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-na"><A href="https://na.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Nauru" lang="na" hreflang="na" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dorerin Naoero</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl"><A href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawa%C3%AF" title="Hawaï – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl"><A href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawa%C3%AF_(stoat)" title="Hawaï (stoat) – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nedersaksies</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne"><A href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88" title="हवाई – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new"><A href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87" title="हवाइ – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja"><A href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8F%E3%83%AF%E3%82%A4%E5%B7%9E" title="ハワイ州 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce"><A href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B8" title="Гавайи – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr"><A href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih"><A href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norfuk / Pitkern</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no"><A href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Norwegian" lang="no" hreflang="no" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn"><A href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc"><A href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr"><A href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B8" title="Гавайи – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Олык марий</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz"><A href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gavayi" title="Gavayi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa"><A href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%88" title="ਹਵਾਈ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi"><A href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88" title="हवाई – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" class="interlanguage-link-target">पालि</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag"><A href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangasinan</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb"><A href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="ہوائی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms"><A href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds"><A href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl"><A href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaje" title="Hawaje – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt"><A href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hava%C3%AD" title="Havaí – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro"><A href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm"><A href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawai" title="Hawai – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" class="interlanguage-link-target">Rumantsch</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu"><A href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii_suyu" title="Hawaii suyu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue"><A href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9_(%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90)" title="Гавай (США) – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru"><A href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B8" title="Гавайи – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah"><A href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B8" title="Һауайи – Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm"><A href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawai%27i" title="Hawai'i – Samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagana Samoa</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa"><A href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88" title="हवाई – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc"><A href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco"><A href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq"><A href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso"><A href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sesotho sa Leboa</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq"><A href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn"><A href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple"><A href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Simple English" lang="simple" hreflang="simple" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk"><A href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havaj_(%C5%A1t%C3%A1t_USA)" title="Havaj (štát USA) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl"><A href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havaji" title="Havaji – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl"><A href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaje" title="Hawaje – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so"><A href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaay" title="Hawaay – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb"><A href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="ھاوایی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr"><A href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B8" title="Хаваји – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh"><A href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havaji" title="Havaji – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su"><A href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Sunda</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle" title="recommended article"><A href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havaiji" title="Havaiji – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv"><A href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl"><A href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta"><A href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B9%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D" title="ஹவாய் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab"><A href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt"><A href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_(%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82)" title="Гавайлар (штат) – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча/tatarça</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te"><A href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BF" title="హవాయి – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th"><A href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2" title="รัฐฮาวาย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to"><A href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hauai%CA%BBi" title="Hauaiʻi – Tongan" lang="to" hreflang="to" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lea faka-Tonga</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr"><A href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk"><A href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gawa%C3%BD_adalary" title="Gawaý adalary – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk"><A href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%97" title="Гаваї – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur"><A href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="ہوائی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug"><A href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haway_Shitati" title="Haway Shitati – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec"><A href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi"><A href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo"><A href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical"><A href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E5%A8%81%E5%A4%B7%E5%B7%9E" title="夏威夷州 – Classical Chinese" lang="zh-classical" hreflang="zh-classical" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war"><A href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu"><A href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E5%A8%81%E5%A4%B7%E5%B7%9E" title="夏威夷州 – Wu Chinese" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi"><A href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%99" title="האוואי – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo"><A href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue"><A href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E5%A8%81%E5%A4%B7%E5%B7%9E" title="夏威夷州 – Cantonese" lang="zh-yue" hreflang="zh-yue" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq"><A href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg"><A href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havaj%C4%93" title="Havajē – Samogitian" lang="bat-smg" hreflang="bat-smg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh"><A href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E5%A8%81%E5%A4%B7%E5%B7%9E" title="夏威夷州 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</A></LI>				</UL>
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document_title: Hawaii

token: Hawaii

token: Wikipedia

token: Jump

token: to

token: navigation

token: search

token: Not

token: be

token: confused

token: with

token: Hawaiki

token: or

token: Kawaii

token: This

token: article

token: is

token: about

token: the

token: state

token: of

token: For

token: island

token: for

token: which

token: it

token: named

token: see

token: other

token: uses

token: disambiguation

token: Coordinates

token: N

token: W

token: <Table>

token: <Tr>

token: <Th colspan="2">

token: State

token: Moku

token: ʻāina

token: o

token: Hawai

token: ʻi

token: Hawaiian

token: <Td colspan="2">

token: <Td>

token: Flag

token: Seal

token: </Table>

token: Nickname

token: s

token: The

token: Aloha

token: official

token: Paradise

token: Pacific

token: Islands

token: Motto

token: Ua

token: Mau

token: ke

token: Ea

token: ka

token: ʻĀina

token: i

token: Pono

token: বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া

token: српскохрватски