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<H1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" lang="en">Adobe Flash Player</H1>			<DIV id="bodyContent" class="mw-body-content">
				<DIV id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</DIV>				<DIV id="contentSub"></DIV>
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<CAPTION class="summary">Adobe Flash Player</CAPTION>
<TBODY><TR>
<TD colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><A href="/wiki/File:Adobe_Flash_Player_v11_icon.png" class="image"><IMG alt="Adobe Flash Player v11 icon.png" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Adobe_Flash_Player_v11_icon.png" width="128" height="128" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><A href="/wiki/Software_developer" title="Software developer">Original author(s)</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/FutureWave" class="mw-redirect" title="FutureWave">FutureWave</A><BR />
<A href="/wiki/Macromedia" title="Macromedia">Macromedia</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><A href="/wiki/Software_developer" title="Software developer">Developer(s)</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</TH>
<TD>1996<SPAN class="noprint">; 22 years ago</SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> (<SPAN class="bday dtstart published updated">1996</SPAN>)</SPAN></TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TD colspan="2" style="text-align:center"></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><A href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Stable release(s)</A> <SPAN class="plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; margin:0px"><A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Latest_stable_software_release/Adobe_Flash_Player?action=edit">[±]</A></SPAN></TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="2" style="text-align:center">
<TABLE style="padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH scope="row">Windows, macOS, Linux, Chrome OS</TH>
<TD>28.0.0.137<SUP id="cite_ref-prima-about_1-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-prima-about-1">[1]</A></SUP> / January 9, 2018<SPAN class="noprint">; 16 days ago</SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> (<SPAN class="bday dtstart published updated">2018-01-09</SPAN>)</SPAN><SUP id="cite_ref-archived_2-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-archived-2">[2]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row">Android 4.0.x</TH>
<TD>11.1.115.81 / September 10, 2013<SPAN class="noprint">; 4 years ago</SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> (<SPAN class="bday dtstart published updated">2013-09-10</SPAN>)</SPAN><SUP id="cite_ref-archived_2-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-archived-2">[2]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row">Android 2.x and 3.x</TH>
<TD>11.1.111.73 / September 10, 2013<SPAN class="noprint">; 4 years ago</SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> (<SPAN class="bday dtstart published updated">2013-09-10</SPAN>)</SPAN><SUP id="cite_ref-archived_2-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-archived-2">[2]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row">Solaris</TH>
<TD>11.2.202.223 / March 28, 2012<SPAN class="noprint">; 5 years ago</SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> (<SPAN class="bday dtstart published updated">2012-03-28</SPAN>)</SPAN><SUP id="cite_ref-archived_2-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-archived-2">[2]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><A href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Preview release(s)</A> <SPAN class="plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; margin:0px"><A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Latest_preview_software_release/Adobe_Flash_Player?action=edit">[±]</A></SPAN></TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="2" style="text-align:center">
<TABLE style="padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH scope="row">Windows, macOS, Linux, Chrome OS</TH>
<TD>28.0.0.152 Beta / January 24, 2018<SPAN class="noprint">; 1 day ago</SPAN><SPAN style="display:none"> (<SPAN class="bday dtstart published updated">2018-01-24</SPAN>)</SPAN><SUP id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-3">[3]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display:none">
<TD colspan="2"></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;">Written in</TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><A href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</A>, <A href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</A>, <A href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</A>, <A href="/wiki/Chrome_OS" title="Chrome OS">Chrome OS</A>, <A href="/wiki/Solaris_(operating_system)" title="Solaris (operating system)">Solaris</A>, <A href="/wiki/BlackBerry_Tablet_OS" title="BlackBerry Tablet OS">BlackBerry Tablet OS</A>, <A href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</A>, and <A href="/wiki/Pocket_PC" title="Pocket PC">Pocket PC</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><A href="/wiki/Computing_platform" title="Computing platform">Platform</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">Web browsers</A> and <A href="/wiki/ActiveX" title="ActiveX">ActiveX</A>-based software</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;">Available in</TH>
<TD>Chinese Simplified, Chinese Traditional, English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Polish, Russian, Spanish, Korean, and Turkish<SUP id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-4">[4]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><A href="/wiki/Software_categories#Broad_categories" title="Software categories">Type</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Run-time_environment" class="mw-redirect" title="Run-time environment">Run-time environment</A>, <A href="/wiki/Media_player_(application_software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Media player (application software)">Media player</A>, and <A href="/wiki/Browser_extension" title="Browser extension">Browser extension</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;"><A href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</A></TH>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware">Freeware</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" style="white-space: nowrap;">Website</TH>
<TD><SPAN class="url"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer.html">www<WBR />.adobe<WBR />.com<WBR />/products<WBR />/flashplayer<WBR />.html</A></SPAN></TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
<P><B>Adobe Flash Player</B> (labeled <B>Shockwave Flash</B> in <A href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</A> and <A href="/wiki/Firefox" title="Firefox">Firefox</A>)<SUP id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-5">[5]</A></SUP> is <A href="/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware">freeware</A> <A href="/wiki/Software" title="Software">software</A> for using content created on the <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash" title="Adobe Flash">Adobe Flash</A> platform, including viewing <A href="/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia">multimedia</A>, executing <A href="/wiki/Rich_Internet_application" title="Rich Internet application">rich Internet applications</A>, and <A href="/wiki/Streaming_media" title="Streaming media">streaming</A> video and audio. Flash Player can run from a <A href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">web browser</A> as a browser <A href="/wiki/Plug-in_(computing)" title="Plug-in (computing)">plug-in</A> or on supported mobile devices. Flash Player was created by <A href="/wiki/Macromedia" title="Macromedia">Macromedia</A> and has been developed and distributed by <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A> since Adobe acquired Macromedia.</P>
<P>Flash Player runs <A href="/wiki/SWF" title="SWF">SWF</A> files that can be created by the <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Animate" title="Adobe Animate">Adobe Animate</A> and Adobe Flash Professional authoring tools, by <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Builder" title="Adobe Flash Builder">Adobe Flash Builder</A> or by third party tools such as <A href="/wiki/FlashDevelop" title="FlashDevelop">FlashDevelop</A>. Flash Player supports <A href="/wiki/Vector_graphics" title="Vector graphics">vector</A> and <A href="/wiki/Raster_graphics" title="Raster graphics">raster graphics</A>, <A href="/wiki/3D_computer_graphics" title="3D computer graphics">3D graphics</A>, an embedded scripting language called <A href="/wiki/ActionScript" title="ActionScript">ActionScript</A>, and streaming of video and audio. ActionScript is based on <A href="/wiki/ECMAScript" title="ECMAScript">ECMAScript</A>, and supports <A href="/wiki/Object-oriented_code" class="mw-redirect" title="Object-oriented code">object-oriented code</A>, and is similar to <A href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</A>. Flash Player has a wide user base, and is a common format for games, animations, and <A href="/wiki/Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">graphical user interfaces</A> (GUIs) embedded in web pages. Adobe stated in 2013 that more than 400 million out of over 1 billion connected desktops update to the new version of Flash Player within six weeks of release.<SUP id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-6">[6]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Flash Player is distributed for free and its plug-in versions are available for every major web browser and operating system. <A href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Google Chrome</A> comes bundled with the <A href="/wiki/Sandbox_(computer_security)" title="Sandbox (computer security)">sandboxed</A> Adobe Flash plug-in<SUP id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-7">[7]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-8">[8]</A></SUP> and <A href="/wiki/Windows_8" title="Windows 8">Windows 8</A> and later come with their own integrated Flash Player (for <A href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</A> and <A href="/wiki/Microsoft_Edge" title="Microsoft Edge">Edge</A>).<SUP id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-9">[9]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-10">[10]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-11">[11]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Flash Player has become increasingly criticized for its performance, consumption of battery on mobile devices, the number of <A href="/wiki/Vulnerability_(computing)" title="Vulnerability (computing)">security vulnerabilities</A> that had been discovered in the software, and that Flash is a <A href="/wiki/Closed_platform" title="Closed platform">closed platform</A>. <A href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</A> co-founder <A href="/wiki/Steve_Jobs" title="Steve Jobs">Steve Jobs</A> was highly critical of Flash Player, having published an <A href="/wiki/Thoughts_on_Flash" title="Thoughts on Flash">open letter</A> detailing Apple's reasoning for banning the Flash platform from being used on its <A href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</A> device family. Its usage has also waned due to modern <A href="/wiki/Web_standards" title="Web standards">web standards</A> that allow some of Flash's use cases to be fulfilled without third-party plugins.<SUP id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-12">[12]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-13">[13]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-14">[14]</A></SUP> In July 2017, Adobe announced<SUP id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-15">[15]</A></SUP> that it would end support for Flash Player in 2020, and continued to encourage the use of open <A href="/wiki/HTML5" title="HTML5">HTML5</A> standards in place of Flash.<SUP id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-16">[16]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-17">[17]</A></SUP> The announcement was coordinated with <A href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</A>,<SUP id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-18">[18]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</A>,<SUP id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-19">[19]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</A>,<SUP id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-20">[20]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</A>,<SUP id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-21">[21]</A></SUP> and <A href="/wiki/Mozilla" title="Mozilla">Mozilla</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-22">[22]</A></SUP></P>
<P></P>
<DIV id="toc" class="toc">
<DIV class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr">
<H2>Contents</H2>
<SPAN class="toctoggle"> [<A role="button" tabindex="0" class="togglelink">hide</A>] </SPAN></DIV>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><A href="#Features"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Features</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><A href="#Data_formats"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Data formats</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><A href="#Multimedia_formats"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Multimedia formats</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><A href="#Streaming_protocols"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1.3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Streaming protocols</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><A href="#Performance"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1.4</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Performance</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-3 tocsection-6"><A href="#Hardware_acceleration"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1.4.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Hardware acceleration</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-3 tocsection-7"><A href="#Compilation"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1.4.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Compilation</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><A href="#Development_methods"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Development methods</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><A href="#Development_tools"><SPAN class="tocnumber">3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Development tools</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><A href="#Game_development"><SPAN class="tocnumber">3.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Game development</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><A href="#Availability"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Availability</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><A href="#Desktop_platforms"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Desktop platforms</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><A href="#Mobile_platforms"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Mobile platforms</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><A href="#Other_hardware"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4.3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Other hardware</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><A href="#Open_source"><SPAN class="tocnumber">5</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Open source</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><A href="#Criticism"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Criticism</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><A href="#Usability"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Usability</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><A href="#Privacy"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Privacy</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19"><A href="#Security"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6.3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Security</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-20"><A href="#Vendor_lock-in"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6.4</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Vendor lock-in</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-21"><A href="#Apple_controversy"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6.5</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Apple controversy</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><A href="#Release_history"><SPAN class="tocnumber">7</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Release history</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23"><A href="#See_also"><SPAN class="tocnumber">8</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">See also</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-24"><A href="#References_and_notes"><SPAN class="tocnumber">9</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">References and notes</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-25"><A href="#Further_reading"><SPAN class="tocnumber">10</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Further reading</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-26"><A href="#External_links"><SPAN class="tocnumber">11</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">External links</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
<P></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Features">Features</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Features">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<P>Adobe Flash Player is a runtime that executes and displays content from a provided <A href="/wiki/SWF" title="SWF">SWF</A> file, although it has no in-built features to modify the SWF file at runtime. It can execute software written in the <A href="/wiki/ActionScript" title="ActionScript">ActionScript</A> programming language which enables the runtime manipulation of text, data, <A href="/wiki/Vector_graphics" title="Vector graphics">vector graphics</A>, <A href="/wiki/Raster_graphics" title="Raster graphics">raster graphics</A>, <A href="/wiki/Sound" title="Sound">sound</A> and <A href="/wiki/Video" title="Video">video</A>. The player can also access certain connected hardware devices, including <A href="/wiki/Web_camera" class="mw-redirect" title="Web camera">web cameras</A> and <A href="/wiki/Microphone" title="Microphone">microphones</A>, after permission for the same has been granted by the user.</P>
<P>Flash Player is used internally by the <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Integrated_Runtime" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Integrated Runtime">Adobe Integrated Runtime</A> (AIR), to provide a cross-platform runtime environment for <A href="/wiki/Desktop_applications" class="mw-redirect" title="Desktop applications">desktop applications</A> and mobile applications. AIR supports installable applications on <A href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</A>, <A href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</A>, <A href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</A>, and some mobile operating systems such as <A href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</A> and <A href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</A>. Flash applications must specifically be built for the AIR runtime to use additional features provided, such as file system integration, native client extensions, native window/screen integration, taskbar/dock integration, and hardware integration with connected <A href="/wiki/Accelerometer" title="Accelerometer">Accelerometer</A> and <A href="/wiki/GPS" class="mw-redirect" title="GPS">GPS</A> devices.<SUP id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-23">[23]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Data_formats">Data formats</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Data formats">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<P>Flash Player includes native support for many different <A href="/wiki/File_format" title="File format">data formats</A>, some of which can only be accessed through the <A href="/wiki/ActionScript" title="ActionScript">ActionScript</A> scripting interface.</P>
<UL>
<LI><B>XML:</B> Flash Player has included native support for <A href="/wiki/XML" title="XML">XML</A> parsing and generation since version 8. XML data is held in memory as an XML <A href="/wiki/Document_Object_Model" title="Document Object Model">Document Object Model</A>, and can be manipulated using ActionScript. ActionScript 3 also supports <A href="/wiki/ECMAScript_for_XML" title="ECMAScript for XML">ECMAScript for XML</A> (E4X), which allows XML data to be manipulated more easily.</LI>
<LI><B>JSON:</B> Flash Player 11 includes native support for importing and exporting data in the <A href="/wiki/JavaScript_Object_Notation" class="mw-redirect" title="JavaScript Object Notation">JavaScript Object Notation</A> (JSON) format, which allows interoperability with <A href="/wiki/Web_service" title="Web service">web services</A> and <A href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</A> programs.</LI>
<LI><B>AMF:</B> Flash Player allows application data to be stored on users computers, in the form of <A href="/wiki/Local_Shared_Object" class="mw-redirect" title="Local Shared Object">Local Shared Objects</A>, the Flash equivalent to <A href="/wiki/HTTP_cookie" title="HTTP cookie">browser cookies</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-adobe-lso_24-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-adobe-lso-24">[24]</A></SUP> Flash Player can also <A href="/wiki/Native_(computing)" title="Native (computing)">natively</A> read and write files in the <A href="/wiki/Action_Message_Format" title="Action Message Format">Action Message Format</A>, the default data format for Local Shared Objects. Since the AMF format specification is published, data can be transferred to and from Flash applications using AMF datasets instead of <A href="/wiki/JSON" title="JSON">JSON</A> or <A href="/wiki/XML" title="XML">XML</A>, reducing the need for <A href="/wiki/Parsing" title="Parsing">parsing</A> and <A href="/wiki/Data_validation" title="Data validation">validating</A> such data.</LI>
<LI><B>SWF:</B> The specification for the <A href="/wiki/SWF" title="SWF">SWF</A> file format was published by Adobe, enabling the development of the SWX Format project, which used the SWF file format and AMF as a means for Flash applications to exchange data with server side applications.<SUP id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-25">[25]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-26">[26]</A></SUP> The SWX system stores data as standard SWF bytecode which is automatically interpreted by Flash Player.<SUP id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-27">[27]</A></SUP> Another <A href="/wiki/Open-source" class="mw-redirect" title="Open-source">open-source</A> project, SWXml allows Flash applications to load XML files as native ActionScript objects without any client-side XML parsing, by converting XML files to SWF/AMF on the server.<SUP id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-28">[28]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-29">[29]</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Multimedia_formats">Multimedia formats</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Multimedia formats">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<P>Flash Player is primarily a graphics and multimedia platform, and has supported <A href="/wiki/Raster_graphics" title="Raster graphics">raster graphics</A> and <A href="/wiki/Vector_graphics" title="Vector graphics">vector graphics</A> since its earliest version. It supports the following different multimedia formats which it can natively <A href="/wiki/Parsing" title="Parsing">decode</A> and playback.</P>
<UL>
<LI><B>MP3:</B> Support for decoding and playback of <A href="/wiki/Streaming_media" title="Streaming media">streaming</A> <A href="/wiki/MP3" title="MP3">MPEG-2 Audio Layer III</A> (MP3) audio was introduced in Flash Player 4. MP3 files can be accessed and played back from a server via <A href="/wiki/HTTP" class="mw-redirect" title="HTTP">HTTP</A>, or embedded inside an SWF file, which is also a streaming format.</LI>
<LI><B>FLV:</B> Support for decoding and playing back video and audio inside <A href="/wiki/Flash_Video" title="Flash Video">Flash Video</A> (FLV and F4V) files, a format developed by <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A> and <A href="/wiki/Macromedia" title="Macromedia">Macromedia</A>. Flash Video is only a container format and supports multiple different video <A href="/wiki/Codec" title="Codec">codecs</A>, such as <A href="/wiki/Sorenson_Spark" class="mw-redirect" title="Sorenson Spark">Sorenson Spark</A>, <A href="/wiki/VP6" title="VP6">VP6</A> and more recently <A href="/wiki/H.264" class="mw-redirect" title="H.264">H.264</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-30">[30]</A></SUP> Flash Player uses hardware acceleration to display video where present, using technologies such as <A href="/wiki/DirectX_Video_Acceleration" title="DirectX Video Acceleration">DirectX Video Acceleration</A> and <A href="/wiki/OpenGL" title="OpenGL">OpenGL</A> to do so. Flash Video is used by <A href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</A>,<SUP id="cite_ref-youtubeflash_31-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-youtubeflash-31">[31]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Hulu" title="Hulu">Hulu</A>,<SUP id="cite_ref-huluflash_32-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-huluflash-32">[32]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Yahoo!_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahoo! Video">Yahoo! Video</A>, <A href="/wiki/BBC_Online" title="BBC Online">BBC Online</A><SUP id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-33">[33]</A></SUP> and other news providers. FLV files can be played back from a server using <A href="/wiki/HTTP" class="mw-redirect" title="HTTP">HTTP</A> <A href="/wiki/Progressive_download" title="Progressive download">progressive download</A>, and can also be embedded inside an SWF file. Flash Video can also be streamed via <A href="/wiki/Real_Time_Messaging_Protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Real Time Messaging Protocol">RTMP</A> using the <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Media_Server" title="Adobe Flash Media Server">Adobe Flash Media Server</A> or other such server-side software.</LI>
<LI><B>PNG:</B> Support for decoding and rendering <A href="/wiki/Portable_Network_Graphics" title="Portable Network Graphics">Portable Network Graphics</A> (PNG) images, in both its 24-bit (opaque) and 32-bit (semi-transparent) variants. Flash Player 11 can also encode a PNG bitmap via ActionScript.</LI>
<LI><B>JPEG:</B> Support for decoding and rendering compressed <A href="/wiki/JPEG" title="JPEG">JPEG</A> images. Flash Player 10 added support for the <A href="/wiki/JPEG-XR" class="mw-redirect" title="JPEG-XR">JPEG-XR</A> advanced image compression standard developed by <A href="/wiki/Microsoft_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Corporation">Microsoft Corporation</A>, which results in better compression and quality than JPEG. JPEG-XR enables <A href="/wiki/Lossy_compression" title="Lossy compression">lossy</A> and <A href="/wiki/Lossless_compression" title="Lossless compression">lossless</A> compression with or without <A href="/wiki/Alpha_compositing" title="Alpha compositing">alpha channel</A> transparency. Flash Player 11 can also encode a JPEG or JPEG-XR bitmap via ActionScript.</LI>
<LI><B>GIF:</B> Support for decoding and rendering compressed <A href="/wiki/Graphics_Interchange_Format" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics Interchange Format">Graphics Interchange Format</A> (GIF) images, in its single-frame variants only. Loading a multi-frame GIF will display only the first image frame.</LI>
</UL>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Streaming_protocols">Streaming protocols</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Streaming protocols">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<UL>
<LI><B>HTTP:</B> Support for communicating with <A href="/wiki/Web_server" title="Web server">web servers</A> using <A href="/wiki/HTTP" class="mw-redirect" title="HTTP">HTTP</A> requests and <A href="/wiki/POST_(HTTP)" title="POST (HTTP)">POST</A> data.<SUP id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-34">[34]</A></SUP> However, only websites that explicitly allow Flash to connect to them can be accessed via HTTP or <A href="/wiki/Network_socket" title="Network socket">sockets</A>, to prevent Flash being used as a tool for <A href="/wiki/Cross-site_request_forgery" title="Cross-site request forgery">cross-site request forgery</A>,<SUP id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-35">[35]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Cross-site_scripting" title="Cross-site scripting">cross-site scripting</A>, <A href="/wiki/DNS_rebinding" title="DNS rebinding">DNS rebinding</A><SUP id="cite_ref-fp9sec_36-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-fp9sec-36">[36]</A></SUP> and <A href="/wiki/Denial-of-service_attack" title="Denial-of-service attack">denial-of-service attacks</A>. Websites must host a certain XML file termed a <I>cross domain policy</I>,<SUP id="cite_ref-fp9sec_36-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-fp9sec-36">[36]</A></SUP> allowing or denying Flash content from specific websites to connect to them. Certain websites, such as <A href="/wiki/Digg" title="Digg">Digg</A>, <A href="/wiki/Flickr" title="Flickr">Flickr</A>, <A href="/wiki/Photobucket" title="Photobucket">Photobucket</A> already host a cross domain policy that permits Flash content to access their website via HTTP.<SUP id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-37">[37]</A></SUP></LI>
<LI><B>RTMP:</B> Support for live audio and video streaming using the <A href="/wiki/Real_Time_Messaging_Protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Real Time Messaging Protocol">Real Time Messaging Protocol</A> (RTMP) developed by <A href="/wiki/Macromedia" title="Macromedia">Macromedia</A>. RTMP supports a non-encrypted version over the <A href="/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol">Transmission Control Protocol</A> (TCP) or an encrypted version over a secure <A href="/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security" title="Transport Layer Security">Transport Layer Security</A> (SSL) connection. RTMPT can also be <A href="/wiki/Encapsulation_(networking)" title="Encapsulation (networking)">encapsulated</A> within <A href="/wiki/HTTP" class="mw-redirect" title="HTTP">HTTP</A> requests to traverse <A href="/wiki/Firewall_(computing)" title="Firewall (computing)">firewalls</A> that only allow HTTP traffic.</LI>
<LI><B>TCP:</B> Support for <A href="/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol">Transmission Control Protocol</A> (TCP) Internet socket communication to communicate with any type of server, using <A href="/wiki/Stream_socket" class="mw-redirect" title="Stream socket">stream sockets</A>. Sockets can be used only via <A href="/wiki/ActionScript" title="ActionScript">ActionScript</A>, and can transfer <A href="/wiki/Plain_text" title="Plain text">plain text</A>, <A href="/wiki/XML" title="XML">XML</A> or binary data (ActionScript 3.0 and later).<SUP id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-38">[38]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-39">[39]</A></SUP> To prevent security issues, web servers that permit Flash content to communicate with them using sockets must host an <A href="/wiki/XML" title="XML">XML</A>-based cross domain policy file, served on <A href="/wiki/Port_(computer_networking)" title="Port (computer networking)">Port</A> 843.<SUP id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-40">[40]</A></SUP> Sockets enable AS3 programs to interface with any kind of server software, such as <A href="/wiki/MySQL" title="MySQL">MySQL</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-41">[41]</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Performance">Performance</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Performance">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<H4><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Hardware_acceleration">Hardware acceleration</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Hardware acceleration">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H4>
<P>Until version 10 of the Flash player, there was no support for <A href="/wiki/GPU" class="mw-redirect" title="GPU">GPU</A> acceleration. Version 10 added a limited form of support for <A href="/wiki/Shader" title="Shader">shaders</A> on materials in the form of the <A href="/wiki/Pixel_Bender" class="mw-redirect" title="Pixel Bender">Pixel Bender</A> API, but still did not have GPU-accelerated 3D vertex processing.<SUP id="cite_ref-Lengyel2011_42-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Lengyel2011-42">[42]</A></SUP> A significant change came in version 11, which added a new low-level API called <A href="/wiki/Stage3D" title="Stage3D">Stage3D</A> (initially codenamed Molehill), which provides full GPU acceleration, similar to <A href="/wiki/WebGL" title="WebGL">WebGL</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-Kaitila2011_43-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Kaitila2011-43">[43]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-44">[44]</A></SUP> (The partial support for GPU acceleration in Pixel Bender was completely removed in Flash 11.8, resulting in the disruption of some projects like MIT's <A href="/wiki/Scratch_(programming_language)" title="Scratch (programming language)">Scratch</A>, which lacked the manpower to recode their applications quickly enough.<SUP id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-45">[45]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-46">[46]</A></SUP>)</P>
<P>Current versions of Flash Player are optimized to use <A href="/wiki/Hardware_acceleration" title="Hardware acceleration">hardware acceleration</A> for video playback and 3D graphics rendering on many devices, including desktop computers. Performance is similar to <A href="/wiki/HTML5_video" title="HTML5 video">HTML5 video</A> playback.<SUP id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-47">[47]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-48">[48]</A></SUP> Also, Flash Player has been used on multiple mobile devices as a primary user interface renderer.<SUP id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-49">[49]</A></SUP></P>
<H4><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Compilation">Compilation</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Compilation">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H4>
<P>Although code written in ActionScript 3 executes up to 10 times faster than the prior ActionScript 2,<SUP id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-50">[50]</A></SUP> the Adobe ActionScript 3 compiler is a non-<A href="/wiki/Compiler_optimization" class="mw-redirect" title="Compiler optimization">optimizing compiler</A>, and produces inefficient bytecode in the resulting SWF, when compared to toolkits such as <A href="/wiki/CrossBridge" title="CrossBridge">CrossBridge</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-51">[51]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-52">[52]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-alc1_53-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-alc1-53">[53]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-alc2_54-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-alc2-54">[54]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-alc3_55-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-alc3-55">[55]</A></SUP></P>
<P><A href="/wiki/CrossBridge" title="CrossBridge">CrossBridge</A>, a toolkit that targets <A href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</A> code to run within the Flash Player, uses the <A href="/wiki/LLVM" title="LLVM">LLVM</A> compiler to produce bytecode that runs up to 10 times faster than code the ActionScript 3 compiler produces, only because the LLVM compiler uses more aggressive optimization.<SUP id="cite_ref-alc1_53-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-alc1-53">[53]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-alc2_54-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-alc2-54">[54]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-alc3_55-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-alc3-55">[55]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Adobe has released ActionScript Compiler 2 (ASC2) in Flex 4.7 and onwards, which improves compilation times and optimizes the generated bytecode and supports <A href="/wiki/Method_inlining" class="mw-redirect" title="Method inlining">method inlining</A>, improving its performance at runtime.<SUP id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-56">[56]</A></SUP></P>
<P>As of 2012, the <A href="/wiki/Haxe" title="Haxe">Haxe</A> multiplatform language can build programs for Flash Player that perform faster than the same application built with the Adobe Flex SDK compiler.<SUP id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-57">[57]</A></SUP><SUP class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources"><SPAN title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (August 2014)">unreliable source?</SPAN></A></I>]</SUP></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Development_methods">Development methods</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Development methods">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<P>Flash Player applications and games can be built in two significantly different methods:</P>
<UL>
<LI>"Flex" applications: The <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Flex" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Flex">Adobe Flex</A> Framework is an integrated collection of stylable <A href="/wiki/Graphical_User_Interface" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphical User Interface">Graphical User Interface</A>, data manipulation and networking components, and applications built upon it are termed "Flex" applications. Startup time is reduced since the Flex framework must be downloaded before the application begins, and weighs in at approximately 500 KB. Editors include <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Builder" title="Adobe Flash Builder">Adobe Flash Builder</A> and <A href="/wiki/FlashDevelop" title="FlashDevelop">FlashDevelop</A>.</LI>
<LI>"Pure ActionScript" applications: Applications built without the Flex framework allow greater flexibility and performance.<SUP id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-58">[58]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-59">[59]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-60">[60]</A></SUP> Video games built for Flash Player are typically pure-Actionscript projects. Various open-source component frameworks are available for pure ActionScript projects, such as <I>MadComponents</I>, that provide UI Components at significantly smaller SWF file sizes.<SUP id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-61">[61]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-62">[62]</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
<P>In both methods, developers can access the full Flash Player set of functions, including <A href="/wiki/Text_file" title="Text file">text</A>, <A href="/wiki/Vector_graphics" title="Vector graphics">vector graphics</A>, <A href="/wiki/Bitmap" title="Bitmap">bitmap</A> graphics, <A href="/wiki/Video" title="Video">video</A>, <A href="/wiki/Sound" title="Sound">audio</A>, camera, microphone, and others. AIR also includes added features such as file system integration, native extensions, native desktop integration, and hardware integration with connected devices.</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Development_tools">Development tools</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Development tools">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<P>Adobe provides five ways of developing applications for Flash Player:</P>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Builder" title="Adobe Flash Builder">Adobe Flash Builder</A>: enterprise application development and debugging</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Animate" title="Adobe Animate">Adobe Animate</A>: graphic design, animation and scripting toolset</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Scout" title="Adobe Scout">Adobe Scout</A>: visual profiler for performance optimization</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Apache_Flex" title="Apache Flex">Apache Flex</A>: a free <A href="/wiki/Software_development_kit" title="Software development kit">SDK</A> to compile Flash and <A href="/wiki/Adobe_AIR" title="Adobe AIR">Adobe AIR</A> applications from source code; developed by Adobe and donated to the Apache Foundation<SUP id="cite_ref-Adobe_donates_Flex_to_Apache_63-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Adobe_donates_Flex_to_Apache-63">[63]</A></SUP></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/CrossBridge" title="CrossBridge">CrossBridge</A>: a free SDK to <A href="/wiki/Cross_compilation" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross compilation">cross-compile</A> C++ code to run in Flash Player</LI>
</UL>
<P>Third-party development environments are also available:</P>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/FlashDevelop" title="FlashDevelop">FlashDevelop</A>: an open-source Flash ActionScript IDE, which includes a debugger for AIR applications</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Powerflasher_FDT" title="Powerflasher FDT">Powerflasher FDT</A>: a commercial ActionScript IDE</LI>
<LI>CodeDrive: an extension to <A href="/wiki/Microsoft_Visual_Studio" title="Microsoft Visual Studio">Microsoft Visual Studio</A> <A href="/wiki/Visual_Studio_2010" class="mw-redirect" title="Visual Studio 2010">2010</A> for ActionScript 3 development and debugging</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/MTASC" title="MTASC">MTASC</A>: a compiler</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Haxe" title="Haxe">Haxe</A>: a multi-platform language<SUP id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-64">[64]</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Game_development">Game development</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Game development">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<P>Adobe offers the free Adobe Gaming SDK, consisting (as of August 2014<SUP class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit">[update]</A></SUP>) of several open-source AS3 libraries built on the Flash Player <A href="/wiki/Stage3D" title="Stage3D">Stage3D</A> APIs for GPU-accelerated graphics:<SUP id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-65">[65]</A></SUP></P>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Away3D" title="Away3D">Away3D</A>: GPU-accelerated 3D graphics and animation engine</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Starling_Framework" title="Starling Framework">Starling</A>: GPU-accelerated 2D graphics that mimics the Flash display list API</LI>
<LI>Feathers: GPU-accelerated <A href="/wiki/Skin_(computing)" title="Skin (computing)">skinnable</A> <A href="/wiki/GUI" class="mw-redirect" title="GUI">GUI</A> library built on top of Starling</LI>
<LI>Dragon Bones: GPU-accelerated 2D <A href="/wiki/Skeletal_animation" title="Skeletal animation">skeletal animation</A> library</LI>
</UL>
<P>A few commercial <A href="/wiki/Game_engine" title="Game engine">game engines</A> target Flash Player (Stage3D) as run-time environment, such as <A href="/wiki/Unity_(game_engine)" title="Unity (game engine)">Unity 3D</A><SUP id="cite_ref-Au2012_66-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Au2012-66">[66]</A></SUP> and <A href="/wiki/Unreal_Engine" title="Unreal Engine">Unreal Engine</A> 3.<SUP id="cite_ref-Au2012_66-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Au2012-66">[66]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-theverge_67-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-theverge-67">[67]</A></SUP> Before the introduction of Stage3D, a number of older 2D engines or isometric engines like <A href="/wiki/Flixel" class="mw-redirect" title="Flixel">Flixel</A> saw their heyday.<SUP id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-68">[68]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Adobe also developed the <A href="/wiki/CrossBridge" title="CrossBridge">CrossBridge</A> toolkit which <A href="/wiki/Cross_compilation" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross compilation">cross-compiles</A> <A href="/wiki/C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</A>/<A href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</A> code to run within the Flash Player, using <A href="/wiki/LLVM" title="LLVM">LLVM</A> and <A href="/wiki/GNU_Compiler_Collection" title="GNU Compiler Collection">GCC</A> as compiler backends, and high-performance <A href="/wiki/Computer_memory" title="Computer memory">memory-access</A> <A href="/wiki/Opcode" title="Opcode">opcodes</A> in the Flash Player (termed "Domain Memory") to work with in-memory data quickly.<SUP id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-69">[69]</A></SUP> CrossBridge is targeted toward the <A href="/wiki/Game_development" class="mw-redirect" title="Game development">game development</A> industry,<SUP id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-70">[70]</A></SUP> and includes tools for building, testing, and debugging C/C++ projects in Flash Player.</P>
<P>Notable online video games developed in Flash include <I><A href="/wiki/Angry_Birds" title="Angry Birds">Angry Birds</A></I>, <I><A href="/wiki/FarmVille" title="FarmVille">FarmVille</A></I> and <I><A href="/wiki/FarmVille" title="FarmVille">FarmVille</A> 2</I>, and <I><A href="/wiki/AdventureQuest" title="AdventureQuest">AdventureQuest</A></I> (started in 2002, and still active as of 2011).<SUP id="cite_ref-Lengyel2011b_71-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Lengyel2011b-71">[71]</A></SUP></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Availability">Availability</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Availability">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Desktop_platforms">Desktop platforms</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Desktop platforms">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<P>The latest version of Flash Player is available for <A href="/wiki/Windows_XP" title="Windows XP">Windows XP</A> and later, <A href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_10.6" class="mw-redirect" title="Mac OS X 10.6">Mac OS X 10.6</A> and later and <A href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</A>.</P>
<P>Adobe Flash Player is available in four flavors:</P>
<OL>
<LI>The "Internet Explorer – ActiveX" version is an <A href="/wiki/ActiveX" title="ActiveX">ActiveX</A> control for use in <A href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</A>, <A href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer_shell" title="Internet Explorer shell">its shells</A>, and other Windows applications that support ActiveX technology. This plugin cannot be installed on <A href="/wiki/Windows_8" title="Windows 8">Windows 8</A> and later, because these OSes come with their own integrated Flash Player ActiveX.</LI>
<LI>The "Firefox – NPAPI" version is available for <A href="/wiki/Firefox" title="Firefox">Firefox</A> as well as other applications that support <A href="/wiki/NPAPI" title="NPAPI">NPAPI</A> technology.</LI>
<LI>The "Opera and Chromium – PPAPI" version is available for <A href="/wiki/Chromium_(web_browser)" title="Chromium (web browser)">Chromium</A> and browsers based on Chromium (such as <A href="/wiki/Opera_(web_browser)" title="Opera (web browser)">Opera</A>) as well as other applications that support <A href="/wiki/PPAPI" class="mw-redirect" title="PPAPI">PPAPI</A> technology. This plugin cannot be installed on Google Chrome as it comes with its own built-in Flash component.</LI>
<LI>The "projector" version is a standalone player that can open <A href="/wiki/SWF" title="SWF">SWF</A> files directly.<SUP id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-72">[72]</A></SUP></LI>
</OL>
<P>On February 22, 2012, Adobe announced that it would no longer release new versions of NPAPI Flash plugins for Linux, although Flash Player 11.2 would continue to receive security updates.<SUP id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-73">[73]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-74">[74]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-75">[75]</A></SUP> In August 2016 Adobe announced that, beginning with version 24, it will resume offering of Flash Player for Linux for other browsers.<SUP id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-76">[76]</A></SUP></P>
<P>The Extended Support Release (ESR) of Flash Player on macOS and Windows was a version of Flash Player kept up to date with security updates, but none of the new features or bug fixes available in later versions. It has been on version 11.7 as of July 9, 2013,<SUP id="cite_ref-esr_77-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-esr-77">[77]</A></SUP> version 13 as of May 13, 2014,<SUP id="cite_ref-esr-13_78-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-esr-13-78">[78]</A></SUP> and version 18 as of August 11, 2015.<SUP id="cite_ref-esr-18_79-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-esr-18-79">[79]</A></SUP> Adobe has decided to discontinue the ESR branch and instead focus solely on the standard release as of August 2016.<SUP id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-80">[80]</A></SUP></P>
<TABLE class="wikitable sortable jquery-tablesorter">
<CAPTION>Availability on <A href="/wiki/Desktop_operating_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Desktop operating system">desktop operating systems</A></CAPTION>
<THEAD><TR>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Platform</TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Latest version</TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Browser support</TH>
</TR></THEAD><TBODY>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Windows_XP" title="Windows XP">Windows XP</A> and later<BR />
<A href="/wiki/Windows_Server_2003" title="Windows Server 2003">Windows Server 2003</A> and later<SUP id="cite_ref-fpos_81-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-fpos-81">[81]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD>28.0.0.137<SUP id="cite_ref-fpos_81-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-fpos-81">[81]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Firefox" title="Firefox">Firefox</A>, <A href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Chrome</A>, <A href="/wiki/Chromium_(web_browser)" title="Chromium (web browser)">Chromium</A>, <A href="/wiki/Apple_Safari" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple Safari">Safari</A>, <A href="/wiki/Opera_(web_browser)" title="Opera (web browser)">Opera</A>,<SUP id="cite_ref-fpos_81-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-fpos-81">[81]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</A>, <A href="/wiki/Microsoft_Edge" title="Microsoft Edge">Microsoft Edge</A><SUP id="cite_ref-prima-about_1-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-prima-about-1">[1]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Windows_2000" title="Windows 2000">Windows 2000</A></TD>
<TD>11.1.102.55<SUP id="cite_ref-dead_82-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-dead-82">[82]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; font-size: smaller; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="unknown table-unknown">?</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Windows_98" title="Windows 98">Windows 98</A> and <A href="/wiki/Windows_ME" title="Windows ME">ME</A></TD>
<TD>9.0.115.0<SUP id="cite_ref-dead_82-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-dead-82">[82]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; font-size: smaller; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="unknown table-unknown">?</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95">Windows 95</A> and <A href="/wiki/Windows_NT_4" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows NT 4">NT 4</A></TD>
<TD>7.0.14.0<SUP id="cite_ref-dead_82-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-dead-82">[82]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; font-size: smaller; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="unknown table-unknown">?</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Snow_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Snow Leopard">Mac OS X 10.6</A> or later</TD>
<TD>28.0.0.137<SUP id="cite_ref-fpos_81-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-fpos-81">[81]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Firefox" title="Firefox">Firefox</A>, <A href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Chrome</A>, <A href="/wiki/Chromium_(web_browser)" title="Chromium (web browser)">Chromium</A>, <A href="/wiki/Apple_Safari" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple Safari">Safari</A>, <A href="/wiki/Opera_(web_browser)" title="Opera (web browser)">Opera</A><SUP id="cite_ref-fpos_81-4" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-fpos-81">[81]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Leopard">Mac OS X 10.5</A></TD>
<TD>10.3.183.90<SUP id="cite_ref-dead_82-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-dead-82">[82]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; font-size: smaller; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="unknown table-unknown">?</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Classic_Mac_OS" title="Classic Mac OS">Classic Mac OS</A>, <A href="/wiki/PowerPC" title="PowerPC">PowerPC</A></TD>
<TD>7.0.14.0<SUP id="cite_ref-dead_82-4" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-dead-82">[82]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; font-size: smaller; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="unknown table-unknown">?</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Classic_Mac_OS" title="Classic Mac OS">Classic Mac OS</A>, <A href="/wiki/68K" class="mw-redirect" title="68K">68k</A></TD>
<TD>5.0<SUP id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-83">[83]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; font-size: smaller; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="unknown table-unknown">?</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</A></TD>
<TD>28.0.0.137<SUP id="cite_ref-fpos_81-5" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-fpos-81">[81]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Firefox" title="Firefox">Firefox</A>, <A href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Chrome</A>, <A href="/wiki/Chromium_(web_browser)" title="Chromium (web browser)">Chromium</A>, <A href="/wiki/Opera_(web_browser)" title="Opera (web browser)">Opera</A><SUP id="cite_ref-prima-about_1-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-prima-about-1">[1]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Solaris_(operating_system)" title="Solaris (operating system)">Solaris</A></TD>
<TD>11.2.202.223<SUP id="cite_ref-dead_82-5" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-dead-82">[82]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; font-size: smaller; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="unknown table-unknown">?</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY><TFOOT></TFOOT></TABLE>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Mobile_platforms">Mobile platforms</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Mobile platforms">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Integrated_Runtime" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Integrated Runtime">Adobe Integrated Runtime</A></DIV>
<P>In 2011, Flash Player had emerged as the de facto standard for online video publishing on the desktop, with adaptive bitrate video streaming, <A href="/wiki/Digital_rights_management" title="Digital rights management">DRM</A>, and fullscreen support.<SUP id="cite_ref-youtubeflash_31-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-youtubeflash-31">[31]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-huluflash_32-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-huluflash-32">[32]</A></SUP> On mobile devices however, after <A href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</A> refused to allow the Flash Player within the inbuilt <A href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</A> web browser, Adobe changed strategy, enabling Flash content to be delivered as native mobile applications using the <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Integrated_Runtime" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Integrated Runtime">Adobe Integrated Runtime</A>.</P>
<P>Up until 2012, Flash Player 11 was available for the <A href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</A> (ARM Cortex-A8 and above),<SUP id="cite_ref-fp11ios_84-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-fp11ios-84">[84]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-flashmobileblog1_85-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-flashmobileblog1-85">[85]</A></SUP> although in June 2012, Google announced that Android 4.1 (codenamed <A href="/wiki/Android_version_history" title="Android version history">Jelly Bean</A>) would not support Flash by default. Starting in August 2012, Adobe no longer updates Flash for Android.<SUP id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-86">[86]</A></SUP> In spite of this, Adobe Flash is still available to install on Android devices via Adobe's update archives (up to Android 4.3).</P>
<P>Flash Player is certified to be supported on a select range of mobile and tablet devices, from <A href="/wiki/Acer_Inc." title="Acer Inc.">Acer</A>, <A href="/wiki/BlackBerry_10" title="BlackBerry 10">BlackBerry 10</A>, <A href="/wiki/Dell" title="Dell">Dell</A>, <A href="/wiki/HTC" title="HTC">HTC</A>, <A href="/wiki/Lenovo" title="Lenovo">Lenovo</A>, <A href="/wiki/Logitech" title="Logitech">Logitech</A>, <A href="/wiki/LG" class="mw-redirect" title="LG">LG</A>, <A href="/wiki/Motorola" title="Motorola">Motorola</A>, <A href="/wiki/Samsung" title="Samsung">Samsung</A>, <A href="/wiki/Sharp_Corporation" title="Sharp Corporation">Sharp</A>, <A href="/wiki/SoftBank" class="mw-redirect" title="SoftBank">SoftBank</A>, <A href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</A> (and <A href="/wiki/Sony_Ericsson" class="mw-redirect" title="Sony Ericsson">Sony Ericsson</A>), and <A href="/wiki/Toshiba" title="Toshiba">Toshiba</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-87">[87]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-88">[88]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-89">[89]</A></SUP> As of 2012, Adobe has stopped browser-based Flash Player development for mobile browsers in favor of <A href="/wiki/HTML5" title="HTML5">HTML5</A>,<SUP id="cite_ref-cbsnews.com_90-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-cbsnews.com-90">[90]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-telegraph.co.uk_91-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-telegraph.co.uk-91">[91]</A></SUP> however Adobe continues to support Flash content on mobile devices with the Adobe Integrated Runtime, which allows developers to publish content that runs as native applications on certain supported mobile phone platforms.</P>
<P>Version 9 is the most recent version currently available for the Linux/<A href="/wiki/ARM_architecture" title="ARM architecture">ARM</A>-based <A href="/wiki/Nokia_770_Internet_Tablet" title="Nokia 770 Internet Tablet">Nokia 770</A>/<A href="/wiki/Nokia_N800" title="Nokia N800">N800</A>/<A href="/wiki/Nokia_N810" title="Nokia N810">N810</A> Internet tablets running <A href="/wiki/Maemo" title="Maemo">Maemo</A> OS2008, classic <A href="/wiki/Mac_OS" class="mw-redirect" title="Mac OS">Mac OS</A> and Windows 95/NT.<SUP id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-92">[92]</A></SUP> Version 10 can be run under Windows 98/Me using <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/kernelex/">KernelEx</A>. HP offers Version 6 of the player for <A href="/wiki/HP-UX" title="HP-UX">HP-UX</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-93">[93]</A></SUP> Other versions of the player have been available at some point for <A href="/wiki/OS/2" title="OS/2">OS/2</A>, <A href="/wiki/Symbian_OS" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbian OS">Symbian OS</A>, <A href="/wiki/Palm_OS" title="Palm OS">Palm OS</A>, <A href="/wiki/BeOS" title="BeOS">BeOS</A> and <A href="/wiki/IRIX" title="IRIX">IRIX</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-94">[94]</A></SUP> The <A href="/wiki/Kodak_EasyShare_One" class="mw-redirect" title="Kodak EasyShare One">Kodak Easyshare One</A> includes Flash Player.<SUP id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-95">[95]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Adobe said it will optimize Flash for use on <A href="/wiki/ARM_architecture" title="ARM architecture">ARM architecture</A> (ARMv7 and ARMv6 architectures used in the Cortex-A series of processors and in the ARM11 family) and release it in the second half of 2009. The company also stated it wants to enable Flash on <A href="/wiki/NVIDIA_Tegra" class="mw-redirect" title="NVIDIA Tegra">NVIDIA Tegra</A>, <A href="/wiki/Texas_Instruments_OMAP" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas Instruments OMAP">Texas Instruments OMAP</A> 3 and Samsung ARMs.<SUP id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-96">[96]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-97">[97]</A></SUP> Beginning 2009, it was announced that Adobe would be bringing Flash to <A href="/wiki/TV_set" class="mw-redirect" title="TV set">TV sets</A> via <A href="/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</A> Media Processor CE 3100 before mid-2009.<SUP id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-98">[98]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/ARM_Holdings" class="mw-redirect" title="ARM Holdings">ARM Holdings</A> later said it welcomes the move of Flash, because "it will transform mobile applications and it removes the claim that the desktop controls the Internet."<SUP id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-99">[99]</A></SUP> However, as of May 2009, the expected ARM/Linux <A href="/wiki/Netbook" title="Netbook">netbook</A> devices had poor support for Web video and fragmented software base.<SUP id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-100">[100]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Among other devices, <A href="/wiki/LeapFrog_Enterprises" title="LeapFrog Enterprises">LeapFrog Enterprises</A> provides Flash Player with their Leapster Multimedia Learning System and extended the Flash Player with touch-screen support.<SUP id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-101">[101]</A></SUP> Sony has integrated Flash Player 6 into the <A href="/wiki/PlayStation_Portable" title="PlayStation Portable">PlayStation Portable</A>'s web browser via firmware version 2.70 and Flash Player 9 into the <A href="/wiki/PlayStation_3" title="PlayStation 3">PlayStation 3</A>'s web browser in firmware version 2.50.<SUP id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-102">[102]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Nintendo" title="Nintendo">Nintendo</A> has integrated <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Lite" title="Adobe Flash Lite">Flash Lite</A> 3.1, equivalent to Flash 8, in the <A href="/wiki/Internet_Channel" title="Internet Channel">Internet Channel</A> on the <A href="/wiki/Wii" title="Wii">Wii</A>.</P>
<P>The following table documents Flash Player and AIR support on <A href="/wiki/Mobile_operating_system" title="Mobile operating system">mobile operating systems</A>:</P>
<TABLE class="wikitable sortable jquery-tablesorter">
<THEAD><TR>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Platform</TH>
<TH class="headerSort" tabindex="0" role="columnheader button" title="Sort ascending">Latest version</TH>
</TR></THEAD><TBODY>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</A> 2.2–4.1, <A href="/wiki/ARM_Cortex-A8" title="ARM Cortex-A8">ARM Cortex-A8</A>+<SUP id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-103">[103]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD>Flash Player 11.1, AIR 3.1<SUP id="cite_ref-flashmobileblog1_85-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-flashmobileblog1-85">[85]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-annfp11_104-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-annfp11-104">[104]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-105">[105]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</A> 2.1</TD>
<TD>Flash Lite 3.0</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</A></TD>
<TD>Flash Player 11.1, AIR 3.1<SUP id="cite_ref-fp11ios_84-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-fp11ios-84">[84]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-annfp11_104-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-annfp11-104">[104]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/BlackBerry_10" title="BlackBerry 10">BlackBerry 10</A>.0–10.3.1</TD>
<TD>Flash Player 11.1, AIR 3.1</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/BlackBerry_Tablet_OS" title="BlackBerry Tablet OS">BlackBerry Tablet OS</A></TD>
<TD>Flash Player 11.1, AIR 3.1<SUP id="cite_ref-annfp11_104-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-annfp11-104">[104]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-106">[106]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Maemo_(operating_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maemo (operating system)">Maemo</A></TD>
<TD>Flash Player 9.4<SUP id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-107">[107]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/PlayStation_3" title="PlayStation 3">PlayStation 3</A> with Firmware 2.50, NetFront 2.81</TD>
<TD>Flash Player 9.1 (update 3)</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/PlayStation_Portable" title="PlayStation Portable">PSP</A> with Firmware 2.70</TD>
<TD>Flash Player 6<SUP id="cite_ref-adobe.com_108-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-adobe.com-108">[108]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Symbian_OS" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbian OS">Symbian OS</A></TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Lite" title="Adobe Flash Lite">Flash Lite</A> 4.0<SUP id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-109">[109]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Wii" title="Wii">Wii</A> (<A href="/wiki/Internet_Channel" title="Internet Channel">Internet Channel</A>)</TD>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Lite" title="Adobe Flash Lite">Flash Lite</A> 3.1<SUP id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-110">[110]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Pocket_PC_2003" class="mw-redirect" title="Pocket PC 2003">Pocket PC 2003</A><SUP id="cite_ref-ppcwinmo_111-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ppcwinmo-111">[111]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD>Flash Player 7<SUP id="cite_ref-ppcfp7_112-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ppcfp7-112">[112]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-113">[113]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="/wiki/Windows_Mobile_5" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows Mobile 5">Windows Mobile 5</A><SUP id="cite_ref-ppcwinmo_111-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ppcwinmo-111">[111]</A></SUP></TD>
<TD>Flash Player 7<SUP id="cite_ref-ppcfp7_112-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ppcfp7-112">[112]</A></SUP></TD>
</TR>
</TBODY><TFOOT></TFOOT></TABLE>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Other_hardware">Other hardware</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Other hardware">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<P>Some CPU <A href="/wiki/Emulator" title="Emulator">emulators</A> have been created for Flash Player, including <A href="/wiki/Chip8" class="mw-redirect" title="Chip8">Chip8</A>,<SUP id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-114">[114]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/Commodore_64" title="Commodore 64">Commodore 64</A>,<SUP id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-115">[115]</A></SUP> <A href="/wiki/ZX_Spectrum" title="ZX Spectrum">ZX Spectrum</A><SUP id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-116">[116]</A></SUP> and the <A href="/wiki/Nintendo_Entertainment_System" title="Nintendo Entertainment System">Nintendo Entertainment System</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-117">[117]</A></SUP> They enable video games created for such platforms to run within Flash Player.</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Open_source">Open source</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Open source">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<P>Adobe has taken steps to reduce or eliminate Flash licensing costs. For instance, the <A href="/wiki/SWF" title="SWF">SWF</A> file format documentation is provided free of charge<SUP id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-118">[118]</A></SUP> after they relaxed the requirement of accepting a <A href="/wiki/Non-disclosure_agreement" title="Non-disclosure agreement">non-disclosure agreement</A> to view it in 2008.<SUP id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-119">[119]</A></SUP> Adobe also created the <A href="/wiki/Open_Screen_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Open Screen Project">Open Screen Project</A> which removes licensing fees and opens data protocols for Flash.</P>
<P>Adobe has also open-sourced many components relating to Flash.</P>
<UL>
<LI>In 2006, the <A href="/wiki/ActionScript_Virtual_Machine_2" class="mw-redirect" title="ActionScript Virtual Machine 2">ActionScript Virtual Machine 2</A> (AVM2) which implements <A href="/wiki/ActionScript_3" class="mw-redirect" title="ActionScript 3">ActionScript 3</A> was donated as open-source to <A href="/wiki/Mozilla_Foundation" title="Mozilla Foundation">Mozilla Foundation</A>, to begin work on the <A href="/wiki/Tamarin_(software)" title="Tamarin (software)">Tamarin</A> virtual machine that will finally implement the <A href="/wiki/ECMAScript_4" class="mw-redirect" title="ECMAScript 4">ECMAScript 4</A> language standard with the help of the <A href="/wiki/Mozilla" title="Mozilla">Mozilla</A> community.<SUP id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-120">[120]</A></SUP> It was released under the terms of a <A href="/wiki/Mozilla_Public_License" title="Mozilla Public License">MPL</A>/<A href="/wiki/GPL" class="mw-redirect" title="GPL">GPL</A>/<A href="/wiki/LGPL" class="mw-redirect" title="LGPL">LGPL</A> <A href="/wiki/Tri-license" class="mw-redirect" title="Tri-license">tri-license</A> and includes the specification for the ActionScript <A href="/wiki/Bytecode" title="Bytecode">bytecode</A> format; <A href="/wiki/Tamarin_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamarin Project">Tamarin Project</A> jointly managed by Mozilla and Adobe Systems<SUP id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-121">[121]</A></SUP> It is now considered obsolete by Mozilla.</LI>
<LI>In 2011, the <A href="/wiki/Apache_Flex" title="Apache Flex">Adobe Flex Framework</A> was donated as open-source to the <A href="/wiki/Apache_Software_Foundation" title="Apache Software Foundation">Apache Software Foundation</A> and rebranded as Apache Flex.<SUP id="cite_ref-Adobe_donates_Flex_to_Apache_63-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Adobe_donates_Flex_to_Apache-63">[63]</A></SUP> Some saw this move as Adobe abandoning Flex, and stepping away from the Flash Platform as a whole.<SUP id="cite_ref-thereg1_122-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-thereg1-122">[122]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-pcworld1_123-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-pcworld1-123">[123]</A></SUP> Sources from Apache say that "Enterprise application development is no longer a focus at Adobe. At least as Flash is concerned, Adobe is concentrating on games and video.",<SUP id="cite_ref-thereg1_122-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-thereg1-122">[122]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-printui1_124-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-printui1-124">[124]</A></SUP> and they conclude that "Flex Innovation is Exploding!".<SUP id="cite_ref-printui1_124-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-printui1-124">[124]</A></SUP> The donated source code included a partly developed AS3 compiler (dubbed "Falcon") and the <A href="/wiki/BlazeDS" title="BlazeDS">BlazeDS</A> set of technologies.<SUP id="cite_ref-pcworld1_123-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-pcworld1-123">[123]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-printui1_124-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-printui1-124">[124]</A></SUP></LI>
<LI>In 2013, the <A href="/wiki/CrossBridge" title="CrossBridge">CrossBridge</A> C++ <A href="/wiki/Cross-compilation" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-compilation">cross-compilation</A> toolset was open sourced by Adobe and released on <A href="/wiki/GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-labsblog4_125-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-labsblog4-125">[125]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-126">[126]</A></SUP> The project was formerly termed "Alchemy" and "Flash Runtime C++ Compiler", and targeted the game development market to enable C++ video games to run in Adobe Flash Player.<SUP id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-127">[127]</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
<P>However, Adobe has not been willing to make complete source code of the Flash Player available for <A href="/wiki/Free_software" title="Free software">free software</A> development. <A href="/wiki/Free_and_open_source" class="mw-redirect" title="Free and open source">Free and open source</A> alternatives to the Adobe Flash Player such as <A href="/wiki/Shumway_(software)" title="Shumway (software)">Shumway</A> and <A href="/wiki/Gnash_(software)" title="Gnash (software)">Gnash</A> have been built, but are no longer under active development<SUP id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-128">[128]</A></SUP> and therefore not a viable alternative. The only fully functional open-source third-party Flash Player is the commercially available <A href="/wiki/Scaleform_GFx" title="Scaleform GFx">Scaleform GFx</A> Player, which is game development <A href="/wiki/Middleware" title="Middleware">middleware</A> designed for integration into non-Flash <A href="/wiki/Video_game" title="Video game">video games</A>.</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Criticism">Criticism</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Criticism">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Usability">Usability</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Usability">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<P>In some browsers, prior Flash versions have had to be uninstalled before an updated version could be installed.<SUP id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-129">[129]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-130">[130]</A></SUP> However, as of version 11.2 for Windows, there are now automatic updater options.<SUP id="cite_ref-auto_131-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-auto-131">[131]</A></SUP> Linux is partially supported, as Adobe is cooperating with Google to implement it via Chrome web browser on all Linux platforms.<SUP id="cite_ref-Linux_132-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-Linux-132">[132]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Mixing Flash applications with HTML leads to inconsistent behavior with respect to input handling (keyboard and mouse not working as they would in an HTML-only document). This is often done in web sites<SUP id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-133">[133]</A></SUP> and can lead to poor user experience with the site.</P>
<P>The February 20, 2014 update to 12.0.0.70 introduced a reported bug, producing green video with sound only. This defect is related to hardware acceleration and may be overcome by disabling hardware acceleration via the Adobe settings in Firefox (accessed by right clicking within the video) or in Internet Explorer (within the Tools settings).<SUP id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-134">[134]</A></SUP> This defect may be related to widely used graphics hardware, AMD Radeon HD video cards, and similar visual defects have occurred in earlier Flash updates, with the same workaround.</P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Privacy">Privacy</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Privacy">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash#Flash_cookies" title="Adobe Flash">Adobe Flash § Flash cookies</A></DIV>
<P>Flash Player supports persistent local storage of data (also referred to as <A href="/wiki/Local_Shared_Object" class="mw-redirect" title="Local Shared Object">Local Shared Objects</A>), which can be used similarly to <A href="/wiki/HTTP_cookie" title="HTTP cookie">HTTP cookies</A> or <A href="/wiki/Web_Storage" class="mw-redirect" title="Web Storage">Web Storage</A> in <A href="/wiki/Web_application" title="Web application">web applications</A>. Local storage in Flash Player allows websites to store non-executable data on a user's computer, such as authentication information, game high scores or saved games, server-based session identifiers, site preferences, saved work, or temporary files. Flash Player will only allow content originating from exactly the same website <A href="/wiki/Domain_name" title="Domain name">domain</A> to access data saved in local storage.<SUP id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-135">[135]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Because local storage can be used to save information on a computer that is later retrieved by the same site, a site can use it to gather user statistics, similar to how HTTP cookies and Web Storage can be used. With such technologies, the possibility of building a profile based on user statistics is considered by some a potential <A href="/wiki/Internet_privacy" title="Internet privacy">privacy concern</A>. Users can disable or restrict use of local storage in Flash Player through a "Settings Manager" page.<SUP id="cite_ref-FlashSettings_136-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-FlashSettings-136">[136]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-137">[137]</A></SUP> These settings can be accessed from the Adobe website or by right-clicking on Flash-based content and selecting "Global Settings".</P>
<P>Local storage can be disabled entirely or on a site-by-site basis. Disabling local storage will block any content from saving local user information using Flash Player, but this may disable or reduce the functionality of some websites, such as saved preferences or high scores and saved progress in games.</P>
<P>Flash Player 10.1 and upward honor the <A href="/wiki/Privacy_mode" title="Privacy mode">privacy mode</A> settings in the latest versions of the Chrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer, and Safari web browsers, such that no local storage data is saved when the browser's privacy mode is in use.<SUP id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-138">[138]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Security">Security</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Security">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash#Security" title="Adobe Flash">Adobe Flash § Security</A></DIV>
<P>Adobe security bulletins and advisories announce security updates, but Adobe Flash Player release notes do not disclose the security issues addressed when a release closes security holes, making it difficult to evaluate the urgency of a particular update. A version test page allows the user to check if the latest version is installed, and uninstallers may be used to ensure that old-version plugins have been uninstalled from all installed browsers.</P>
<P>In February 2010, Adobe officially apologized<SUP id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-139">[139]</A></SUP> for not fixing a known vulnerability for over a year. In June 2010 Adobe announced a "critical vulnerability" in recent versions, saying there are reports that this vulnerability is being actively exploited in the wild against both Adobe Flash Player, and Adobe Reader and Acrobat.<SUP id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-140">[140]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-141">[141]</A></SUP> Later, in October 2010, Adobe announced<SUP id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-142">[142]</A></SUP> another critical vulnerability, this time also affecting <A href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</A>-based mobile devices. Android users have been recommended to disable Flash or make it only on demand.<SUP id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-143">[143]</A></SUP> Subsequent security vulnerabilities also exposed Android users, such as the two critical vulnerabilities published in February 2013<SUP id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-144">[144]</A></SUP> or the four critical vulnerabilities published in March 2013,<SUP id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-145">[145]</A></SUP> all of which could lead to arbitrary code execution.</P>
<P><A href="/wiki/Symantec" title="Symantec">Symantec</A>'s Internet Security Threat Report<SUP id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-146">[146]</A></SUP> states that a <A href="/wiki/Remote_code_execution" class="mw-redirect" title="Remote code execution">remote code execution</A> in <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Reader" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Reader">Adobe Reader</A> and Flash Player<SUP id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-147">[147]</A></SUP> was the second most attacked vulnerability in 2009. The same report also recommended using <A href="/wiki/Browser_extension" title="Browser extension">browser extensions</A> to disable Flash Player usage on untrusted websites. <A href="/wiki/McAfee" title="McAfee">McAfee</A> predicted that Adobe software, especially Reader and Flash, would be primary target for attacks in 2010.<SUP id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-148">[148]</A></SUP> Adobe applications had become, at least at some point, the most popular client-software targets for attackers during the last quarter of 2009.<SUP id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-149">[149]</A></SUP> The <A href="/wiki/Kaspersky_Lab" title="Kaspersky Lab">Kaspersky</A> Security Network published statistics for the third quarter of 2012 showing that 47.5% of its users were affected by one or more critical vulnerabilities.<SUP id="cite_ref-ksn-q312-report_150-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ksn-q312-report-150">[150]</A></SUP> The report also highlighted that "Flash Player vulnerabilities enable cybercriminals to bypass security systems integrated into the application."<SUP id="cite_ref-ksn-q312-report_150-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-ksn-q312-report-150">[150]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Steve Jobs criticized the security of Flash Player, noting that "Symantec recently highlighted Flash for having one of the worst security records in 2009".<SUP id="cite_ref-thoughtsonflash_151-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-thoughtsonflash-151">[151]</A></SUP> Adobe responded by pointing out that "the Symantec Global Internet Threat Report for 2009, found that Flash Player had the second lowest number of vulnerabilities of all Internet technologies listed (which included both web plug-ins and browsers)."<SUP id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-152">[152]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-153">[153]</A></SUP></P>
<P>April 7, 2016, Adobe released a Flash Player patch for a <A href="/wiki/Zero-day_(computing)" title="Zero-day (computing)">zero-day</A> memory corruption vulnerability CVE-2016-1019 that could be used to deliver <A href="/wiki/Malware" title="Malware">malware</A> via the Magnitude exploit kit. The vulnerability could be exploited for <A href="/wiki/Arbitrary_code_execution" title="Arbitrary code execution">remote code execution</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-154">[154]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-155">[155]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Vendor_lock-in">Vendor lock-in</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Vendor lock-in">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<P>Flash Player 11.2 does not play certain kinds of content unless it has been digitally signed by Adobe, following a license obtained by the publisher directly from Adobe.<SUP id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-156">[156]</A></SUP></P>
<P>This move by Adobe, together with the abandonment of Flex to Apache was criticized as a way to lock out independent tool developers, in favor of Adobe's commercial tools.<SUP id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-157">[157]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-158">[158]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-159">[159]</A></SUP></P>
<P>This has been resolved as of January 2013, after Adobe no longer requires a license or royalty from the developer. All premium features are now classified as general availability, and can be freely used by Flash applications.<SUP id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-160">[160]</A></SUP></P>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Apple_controversy">Apple controversy</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Apple controversy">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<DIV role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <A href="/wiki/Apple_and_Adobe_Flash_controversy" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple and Adobe Flash controversy">Apple and Adobe Flash controversy</A></DIV>
<P>In April 2010, <A href="/wiki/Steve_Jobs" title="Steve Jobs">Steve Jobs</A>, at the time CEO of <A href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple Inc.</A> published an open letter explaining why Apple would not support Flash on the <A href="/wiki/IPhone" title="IPhone">iPhone</A>, <A href="/wiki/IPod_touch" class="mw-redirect" title="IPod touch">iPod touch</A> and <A href="/wiki/IPad" title="IPad">iPad</A>.<SUP id="cite_ref-thoughtsonflash_151-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-thoughtsonflash-151">[151]</A></SUP> In the letter he blamed problems with the "openness", stability, security, performance, and <A href="/wiki/Touchscreen" title="Touchscreen">touchscreen</A> integration of the Flash Player as reasons for refusing to support it. He also claimed that when one of Apple's <A href="/wiki/Macintosh" title="Macintosh">Macintosh</A> computers crashes, "more often than not" the cause can be attributed to Flash, and described Flash as "buggy".<SUP id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-161">[161]</A></SUP> Adobe's CEO <A href="/wiki/Shantanu_Narayen" title="Shantanu Narayen">Shantanu Narayen</A> responded by saying, "If Flash [is] the number one reason that Macs crash, which I'm not aware of, it has as much to do with the Apple operating system."<SUP id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-162">[162]</A></SUP></P>
<P>Steve Jobs also claimed that a large percentage of the video on the Internet is supported on iOS, since many popular video sharing websites such as YouTube have published video content in an <A href="/wiki/HTML5" title="HTML5">HTML5</A> compatible format, enabling videos to playback in mobile web browsers even without Flash Player.<SUP id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-163">[163]</A></SUP></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Release_history">Release history</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Release history">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<DIV class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:solid 1px #aaa;" id="NavFrame1">
<DIV class="NavHead" style="background:transparent;text-align:left;">
<DIV class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Adobe Flash Player version history</DIV>
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<UL>
<LI><B>Macromedia Flash Player 2</B> (June 17, 1997)
<UL>
<LI>Mostly vectors and motion, some <A href="/wiki/Bitmap" title="Bitmap">bitmaps</A>, limited audio</LI>
<LI>Support of stereo sound, enhanced bitmap integration, buttons, the Library, and the ability to <A href="/wiki/Inbetweening" title="Inbetweening">tween</A> color changes</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Macromedia Flash Player 3</B> (May 31, 1998)
<UL>
<LI>Added alpha transparency, licensed MP3 compression</LI>
<LI>Brought improvements to animation, playback, and publishing, as well as the introduction of simple script commands for interactivity</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Macromedia Flash Player 4</B> (June 15, 1999)
<UL>
<LI>Saw the introduction of <A href="/wiki/Internet_streaming" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet streaming">streaming</A> MP3s and the Motion Tween. Initially, the Flash Player plug-in was not bundled with popular web browsers and users had to visit Macromedia website to download it; As of 2000, however, the Flash Player was already being distributed with all <A href="/wiki/AOL" title="AOL">AOL</A>, <A href="/wiki/Netscape" title="Netscape">Netscape</A> and <A href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</A> browsers. Two years later it shipped with all releases of <A href="/wiki/Windows_XP" title="Windows XP">Windows XP</A>. The install-base of the Flash Player reached 92 percent of all Internet users.</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Macromedia Flash Player 5</B> (August 24, 2000)
<UL>
<LI>A major advance in ability, with the evolution of Flash's scripting abilities as released as ActionScript</LI>
<LI>Saw the ability to customize the authoring environment's <A href="/wiki/User_interface" title="User interface">interface</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/w/index.php?title=Macromedia_Generator&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Macromedia Generator (page does not exist)">Macromedia Generator</A> was the first initiative from Macromedia to separate design from content in Flash files. Generator 2.0 was released in April 2001, and featured real-time server-side generation of Flash content in its Enterprise Edition. Generator was discontinued in 2002, in favor of new technologies such as <A href="/w/index.php?title=Flash_Remoting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flash Remoting (page does not exist)">Flash Remoting</A>, which allows for seamless transmission of data between the server and the client, and <A href="/wiki/ColdFusion" class="mw-redirect" title="ColdFusion">ColdFusion</A> Server.</LI>
<LI>In October 2000, <A href="/wiki/Usability" title="Usability">usability</A> guru <A href="/wiki/Jakob_Nielsen_(usability_consultant)" title="Jakob Nielsen (usability consultant)">Jakob Nielsen</A> wrote a polemic article regarding usability of Flash content entitled "<A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.useit.com/alertbox/20001029.html">Flash: 99% Bad</A>". (Macromedia later hired Nielsen to help them improve Flash usability.)</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
<DIV class="thumb tright">
<DIV class="thumbinner" style="width:202px;"><A href="/wiki/File:Flash_logo.PNG" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/a2/Flash_logo.PNG" width="200" height="60" class="thumbimage" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="60" /></A>
<DIV class="thumbcaption">
<DIV class="magnify"><A href="/wiki/File:Flash_logo.PNG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></A></DIV>
The old Macromedia Flash Player logo</DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<UL>
<LI><B>Macromedia Flash Player 6</B> (version 6.0.21.0, codenamed <I><A href="/wiki/Exorcist" title="Exorcist">Exorcist</A></I>) (March 15, 2002)
<UL>
<LI>Support for the consuming Flash Remoting (<A href="/wiki/Action_Message_Format" title="Action Message Format">AMF</A>) and Web Service (SOAP)</LI>
<LI>Supports ondemand/live audio and video streaming (<A href="/wiki/Real_Time_Messaging_Protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Real Time Messaging Protocol">RTMP</A>)</LI>
<LI>Support for screenreaders via Microsoft Active Accessibility</LI>
<LI>Added <A href="/wiki/Sorenson_Spark" class="mw-redirect" title="Sorenson Spark">Sorenson Spark</A> video <A href="/wiki/Codec" title="Codec">codec</A> for <A href="/wiki/Flash_Video" title="Flash Video">Flash Video</A><SUP id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-164">[164]</A></SUP></LI>
<LI>Support for video, application components, shared libraries, and accessibility</LI>
<LI>Macromedia Flash Communication Server MX, also released in 2002, allowed video to be streamed to Flash Player 6 (otherwise the video could be embedded into the Flash movie).</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Macromedia Flash Player 7</B> (version 7.0.14.0, codenamed <I>Mojo</I>) (September 10, 2003)
<UL>
<LI>Supports progressive audio and video streaming (<A href="/wiki/HTTP" class="mw-redirect" title="HTTP">HTTP</A>)</LI>
<LI>Supports ActionScript 2.0, an object-oriented programming language for developers</LI>
<LI>Ability to create charts, graphs and additional text effects with the new support for extensions (sold separately), high fidelity import of <A href="/wiki/Portable_Document_Format" title="Portable Document Format">PDF</A> and <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator" title="Adobe Illustrator">Adobe Illustrator</A> 10 files, mobile and device development and a forms-based development environment. ActionScript 2.0 was also introduced, giving developers a formal object-oriented approach to ActionScript. V2 Components replaced Flash MX's components, being rewritten from the ground up to take advantage of ActionScript 2.0 and object-oriented principles.</LI>
<LI>In 2004, the "Flash Platform" was introduced. This expanded Flash to more than the Flash authoring tool. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Flex" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Flex">Flex</A> 1.0 and <A href="/wiki/Macromedia_Breeze" class="mw-redirect" title="Macromedia Breeze">Breeze</A> 1.0 were released, both of which used the Flash Player as a delivery method but relied on tools other than the Flash authoring program to create Flash applications and presentations. Flash Lite 1.1 was also released, enabling mobile phones to play Flash content.</LI>
<LI>Last version for Windows 95/NT4 and Mac Classic<SUP id="cite_ref-dead_82-6" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-dead-82">[82]</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Macromedia Flash Player 8</B> (version 8.0.22.0, codenamed <I><A href="/wiki/Maelstrom" class="mw-redirect" title="Maelstrom">Maelstrom</A></I>) (September 13, 2005)
<UL>
<LI>Support for runtime loading of GIF and PNG images</LI>
<LI>New video codec (<A href="/wiki/On2" class="mw-redirect" title="On2">On2</A> <A href="/wiki/VP6" title="VP6">VP6</A>)</LI>
<LI>Improved runtime performance and runtime bitmap caching</LI>
<LI>Live filters and blendmodes</LI>
<LI>File upload and download abilities</LI>
<LI>New text-rendering engine, the <A href="/wiki/Saffron_Type_System" title="Saffron Type System">Saffron Type System</A></LI>
<LI>ExternalAPI subsystem introduced to replace fscommand</LI>
<LI>On December 3, 2005, Adobe Systems acquired Macromedia and its product portfolio (including Flash).<SUP id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-165">[165]</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Macromedia Flash Player 8</B> (version 8.0.24.0) (April 23, 2006)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 9</B> (version 9.0.15.0, codenamed <I><A href="/wiki/Zaphod_Beeblebrox" title="Zaphod Beeblebrox">Zaphod</A></I> and formerly named Flash Player 8.5) (June 22, 2006)
<UL>
<LI>Introduction of <A href="/wiki/ActionScript_Virtual_Machine_2" class="mw-redirect" title="ActionScript Virtual Machine 2">ActionScript Virtual Machine 2</A> (AVM2) with AVM1 retained for compatibility</LI>
<LI>ActionScript 3 (a superset of <A href="/wiki/ECMAScript_3" class="mw-redirect" title="ECMAScript 3">ECMAScript 3</A>) via AVM2</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/E4X" class="mw-redirect" title="E4X">E4X</A>, which is a new approach to parsing XML</LI>
<LI>Support for binary <A href="/wiki/Internet_socket" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet socket">sockets</A></LI>
<LI>Support for <A href="/wiki/Regular_expression" title="Regular expression">regular expressions</A> and namespaces</LI>
<LI>AVM2 donated to <A href="/wiki/Mozilla_Foundation" title="Mozilla Foundation">Mozilla Foundation</A> as open-source virtual machine named <A href="/wiki/Tamarin_(software)" title="Tamarin (software)">Tamarin</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 9 Update 1</B> (version 9.0.28.0, codenamed <I><A href="/wiki/Marvin_the_Paranoid_Android" title="Marvin the Paranoid Android">Marvin</A></I>) (November 9, 2006)<SUP id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-166">[166]</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI>Support for fullscreen mode<SUP id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-167">[167]</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 9</B> (version 9.0.45.0) (March 27, 2007)
<UL>
<LI>Support for Creative Suite 3.</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 9 Update 2</B> (version Mac/Windows 9.0.47.0 and Linux 9.0.48.0, codenamed <I><A href="/wiki/Minor_characters_from_The_Hitchhiker%27s_Guide_to_the_Galaxy#Hotblack_Desiato" class="mw-redirect" title="Minor characters from The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy">Hotblack</A></I>) (June 11, 2007)
<UL>
<LI>Security Update</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 9 Update 3</B> (version 9.0.115.0, codenamed <I>Moviestar</I> or <I><A href="/wiki/Frogstar" class="mw-redirect" title="Frogstar">Frogstar</A></I>) (December 2007)<SUP id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-168">[168]</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/H.264" class="mw-redirect" title="H.264">H.264</A><SUP id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-169">[169]</A></SUP></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Coding" title="Advanced Audio Coding">AAC</A> (<A href="/wiki/HE-AAC" class="mw-redirect" title="HE-AAC">HE-AAC</A>, AAC Main Profile, and AAC-LC)</LI>
<LI>New Flash Video file format F4V based on the <A href="/wiki/ISO_base_media_file_format" title="ISO base media file format">ISO base media file format</A> (MPEG-4 Part 12)</LI>
<LI>Support for container formats based on the ISO base media file format<SUP id="cite_ref-adobe-codecs_170-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-adobe-codecs-170">[170]</A></SUP></LI>
<LI>Last version for Windows 98/ME and other platforms<SUP id="cite_ref-dead_82-7" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-dead-82">[82]</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 10</B> (version 10.0.12.36, codenamed <I>Astro</I>) (October 15, 2008)
<UL>
<LI><I>New Features</I>
<UL>
<LI>3D object transformations</LI>
<LI>Custom filters via Pixel Bender</LI>
<LI>Advanced text support</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Speex" title="Speex">Speex audio codec</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Real_Time_Media_Flow_Protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Real Time Media Flow Protocol">Real Time Media Flow Protocol</A> (RTMFP)</LI>
<LI>Dynamic sound generation</LI>
<LI>Vector data type</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><I>Enhanced Features</I>
<UL>
<LI>Larger bitmap support</LI>
<LI>Graphics drawing API</LI>
<LI>Context menu</LI>
<LI>Hardware acceleration</LI>
<LI>Anti-aliasing engine (Saffron 3.1)</LI>
<LI>Read/write clipboard access</LI>
<LI>WMODE</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 10</B> (version 10.0.32.18) (July 27, 2009)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 10</B> (version 10.0.42.34) (November 16, 2009)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 10</B> (version 10.0.45.2) (February 21, 2010)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 10.1</B> (version 10.1.53.64, codenamed <I><A href="/wiki/Argo" title="Argo">Argo</A></I>) (June 10, 2010)<SUP id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-171">[171]</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI>Reuse of bitmap data copies for better memory management</LI>
<LI>Improved garbage collector</LI>
<LI>Hardware-based H.264 video decoding</LI>
<LI>HTTP Dynamic Streaming</LI>
<LI>Peer-assisted networking and multicast</LI>
<LI>Support for browser <A href="/wiki/Privacy_mode" title="Privacy mode">privacy modes</A></LI>
<LI>Multi-touch APIs</LI>
<LI><I>For Macs/OSX 10.4 ppc or later</I>
<UL>
<LI>Using Cocoa UI for Macs</LI>
<LI>Use of double-buffered OpenGL context for fullscreen</LI>
<LI>Use of Core Animation</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 10.2</B> (version 10.2.152.26, codenamed <I>Spicy</I>) (February 8, 2011)
<UL>
<LI>Stage Video, a full hardware-accelerated video pipeline</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer_9" title="Internet Explorer 9">Internet Explorer 9</A> hardware-accelerated rendering support</LI>
<LI>Custom native mouse cursors</LI>
<LI>Multiple monitor fullscreen support</LI>
<LI>Enhanced <A href="/wiki/Subpixel_rendering" title="Subpixel rendering">subpixel rendering</A> for text</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 10.2</B> (version 10.2.152.32) (February 28, 2011)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 10.2</B> (version 10.2.153.1) (March 21, 2011)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 10.2</B> (version 10.2.159.1) (April 15, 2011)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 10.3</B> (version 10.3.181.14, codenamed <I><A href="/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi">Wasabi</A></I>) (May 12, 2011)<SUP id="cite_ref-172" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-172">[172]</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI>Media measurement (video analytics for websites; desktop only)</LI>
<LI>Acoustic Echo Cancellation (acoustic echo cancellation, noise suppression, voice activity detection, automatic compensation for microphone input levels; desktop only)</LI>
<LI>Integration with browser privacy controls for managing local storage (ClearSiteData NPAPI)</LI>
<LI>Native control panel</LI>
<LI>Auto-update notification for Mac OS X</LI>
<LI>Last version for Mac OS X 10.5<SUP id="cite_ref-dead_82-8" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-dead-82">[82]</A></SUP> and Windows 2000 (unofficially bypassing the XP installer)</LI>
<LI>Adobe replaced Extended Support Release 10.3 by 11.7 on July 9, 2013.<SUP id="cite_ref-esr_77-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-esr-77">[77]</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 10.3</B> (version 10.3.181.23) (June 5, 2011)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 10.3</B> (version 10.3.181.26) (June 14, 2011)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 10.3</B> (version 10.3.181.34) (June 29, 2011)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 10.3</B> (version 10.3.183.5) (August 14, 2011)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 10.3</B> (version 10.3.183.7) (August 24, 2011)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 10.3</B> (version 10.3.183.10) (September 21, 2011)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 10.3</B> (version 10.3.183.11) (November 11, 2011)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 10.3</B> (version 10.3.183.25) (September 18, 2012)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 10.3</B> (version 10.3.183.29) (October 8, 2012)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 11</B> (version 11.0.1.152, codenamed <I><A href="/wiki/Serrano_pepper" title="Serrano pepper">Serrano</A></I>) (October 4, 2011)<SUP id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-173">[173]</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI><I>Desktop only</I>
<UL>
<LI>Stage 3D accelerated graphics rendering<SUP id="cite_ref-174" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-174">[174]</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI>Desktop: Windows (<A href="/wiki/DirectX" title="DirectX">DirectX</A> 9), OS X (<A href="/wiki/Intel_processor" class="mw-redirect" title="Intel processor">Intel processor</A> only) and Linux (<A href="/wiki/OpenGL" title="OpenGL">OpenGL</A> 1.3), <A href="/wiki/TransGaming_Technologies#SwiftShader" class="mw-redirect" title="TransGaming Technologies">SwiftShader</A> fallback</LI>
<LI>Mobile: Android and iOS (<A href="/wiki/OpenGL_ES" title="OpenGL ES">OpenGL ES</A> 2)</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI>H.264/AVC software encoding for cameras</LI>
<LI>Native 64-bit</LI>
<LI>Asynchronous bitmap decoding</LI>
<LI>TLS secure sockets</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><I>Desktop and mobile</I>
<UL>
<LI>Stage Video hardware acceleration</LI>
<LI>Native extension libraries<SUP id="cite_ref-175" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-175">[175]</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI>Desktop: Windows (.dll), OS X (.framework)</LI>
<LI>Mobile: Android (.jar, .so), iOS (.a)</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/JPEG_XR" title="JPEG XR">JPEG XR</A> decoding</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/G.711" title="G.711">G.711</A> audio compression for telephony</LI>
<LI>Protected HTTP Dynamic Streaming (HDS)</LI>
<LI>Unlimited bitmap size</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/LZMA" class="mw-redirect" title="LZMA">LZMA</A> SWF compression</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><I>Mobile only</I>
<UL>
<LI>H.264/AAC playback</LI>
<LI>Front-facing camera</LI>
<LI>Background audio playback</LI>
<LI>Device speaker control</LI>
<LI>16- and 32-bit color depth</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 11.1</B> (version 11.1.102.55, codenamed <I><A href="/wiki/Anza_Vista,_San_Francisco" title="Anza Vista, San Francisco">Anza</A></I>) (November 10, 2011)<SUP id="cite_ref-176" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-176">[176]</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI>Last version of the web browser plug-in for mobile devices (made for Android 2.2 to 4.0.3)</LI>
<LI>iOS 5 native extensions for AIR</LI>
<LI>StageText: Native text input UI for Android</LI>
<LI>Security enhancements, last official version for Windows 2000<SUP id="cite_ref-dead_82-9" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-dead-82">[82]</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 11.1</B> (version 11.1.102.62) (March 5, 2012)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 11.2</B> (version 11.2.202.228) (March 28, 2012)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 11.2</B> (version 11.2.202.233) (April 12, 2012)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 11.2</B> (version 11.2.202.235, codenamed <I>Brannan</I>) (May 3, 2012)<SUP id="cite_ref-177" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-177">[177]</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI>The Windows version offers automatic updater options<SUP id="cite_ref-auto_131-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-auto-131">[131]</A></SUP></LI>
<LI>Dropped support of the browser plug-in for mobile devices (Android). Android app developers are encouraged to use Adobe Air and Android web developers should switch to HTML5.</LI>
<LI>Extended support for Flash player 11.2 on Solaris as it is the last version to be supported.<SUP id="cite_ref-dead_82-10" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-dead-82">[82]</A></SUP></LI>
<LI>Adobe replaced Extended Support Release 11.2 on Linux with 24.0 on December 13, 2016.</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 11.3</B> (version 11.3.300.257) (June 8, 2012)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 11.3</B> (version 11.3.300.262) (June 21, 2012)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 11.3</B> (version 11.3.300.265) (July 11, 2012)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 11.3</B> (version 11.3.300.268) (July 26, 2012)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 11.3</B> (version 11.3.300.270) (August 4, 2012)
<UL>
<LI><I>Desktop and mobile</I>
<UL>
<LI>Fullscreen interactive mode (keyboard input during fullscreen)</LI>
<LI>Native bitmap encoding and compression (PNG, JPEG, JPEG-XR)</LI>
<LI>Draw bitmaps with quality (low, medium, high, best)</LI>
<LI>Texture streaming for Stage3D</LI>
<LI>Dropped support for Linux and Solaris</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><I>Mobile-only</I>
<UL>
<LI>Auto-orientation on specific devices</LI>
<LI>USB debugging for AIR on iOS</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 11.3</B> (version 11.3.300.271) (September 18, 2012)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 11.3</B> (version 11.3.300.273) (October 3, 2012)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 11.4</B> (version 11.4.402.259) (August 10, 2012)
<UL>
<LI><I>Flash Player only</I>
<UL>
<LI>ActionScript workers</LI>
<LI>SandboxBridge support</LI>
<LI>Licensing support: Flash Player Premium features for gaming</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><I>Flash Player and AIR</I>
<UL>
<LI>Stage3D "constrained" profile for increased GPU reach</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lempel%E2%80%93Ziv%E2%80%93Markov_chain_algorithm" title="Lempel–Ziv–Markov chain algorithm">LZMA</A> support for <CODE>ByteArray</CODE></LI>
<LI>StageVideo attachCamera/Camera improvements</LI>
<LI>Compressed texture with alpha support for Stage3D</LI>
<LI>DXT encoding</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><I>AIR only</I>
<UL>
<LI>Deprecated Carbon APIs for AIR</LI>
<LI>Direct AIR deployment using ADT</LI>
<LI>Push notifications for iOS</LI>
<LI>Ambient AudioPlaybackMode</LI>
<LI>Exception support in Native Extensions for iOS</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 11.4</B> (version 11.4.402.265) (August 21, 2012)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 11.4</B> (version 11.4.402.278) (September 18, 2012)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 11.4</B> (version 11.4.402.287) (October 8, 2012)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 11.5</B><SUP id="cite_ref-adobe_178-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-adobe-178">[178]</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI>Shared ByteArray</LI>
<LI>Invoke Event enhancement (for openurl)</LI>
<LI>Packaging multiple libraries in an ANE (iOS)</LI>
<LI>Debug stack trace in release builds of Flash Player</LI>
<LI>Statically link DRM (desktop only)</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 11.6</B> (codenamed <I><A href="/wiki/Folsom_Street" title="Folsom Street">Folsom</A></I>)<SUP id="cite_ref-adobe_178-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-adobe-178">[178]</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI>Lossless video export from standalone and authplay.dll</LI>
<LI>Support for flash.display.graphics.readGraphicsData() that returns a Vector of IGraphicsData</LI>
<LI>Improve permissions UI related to full screen keyboard access</LI>
<LI>Prevent ActiveX abuse in Office documents</LI>
<LI>Support file access in cloud on Windows</LI>
<LI>Enhance multi-SWF support</LI>
<LI>Migration certification for ANEs</LI>
<LI>RectangleTexture</LI>
<LI>File API update so AIR apps conform to Apple data storage guidelines</LI>
<LI>Separate sampler state for Stage3D</LI>
<LI>Set device specific Retina Display resolution (iOS)</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 11.7</B> (version 11.7.700.169, codenamed <I><A href="/wiki/Geary_Boulevard" title="Geary Boulevard">Geary</A></I>) (April 9, 2013)<SUP id="cite_ref-adobe_178-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-adobe-178">[178]</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI>SharedObject.preventBackup property</LI>
<LI>forceCPURenderModeForDevices</LI>
<LI>Remote hosting of SWF files in case of multiple SWFs</LI>
<LI>Support for uploading 16-bit texture formats</LI>
<LI>GameInput updates</LI>
<LI>Android – create captive runtime apps</LI>
<LI>Adobe replaced Extended Support Release 11.7 on Mac and Windows with 13.0 on May 13, 2014.<SUP id="cite_ref-esr-13_78-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-esr-13-78">[78]</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 11.8</B> (codenamed <I>Harrison</I>)<SUP id="cite_ref-adobe_178-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-adobe-178">[178]</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI>Stage3D baselineExtended profile</LI>
<LI>Recursive stop on MovieClip</LI>
<LI>Flash Player & AIR Desktop Game Pad Support</LI>
<LI>Support for large textures (extendedBaseline, 4096)</LI>
<LI>Rectangle texture</LI>
<LI>DatagramSocket</LI>
<LI>ServerSocket</LI>
<LI>Substitute a redirected URL from a source URLRequest for part of the URL in a new URLRequest</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 11.9</B> (codenamed <I>Irving</I>)<SUP id="cite_ref-adobe_178-4" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-adobe-178">[178]</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/OS_X_Mavericks" title="OS X Mavericks">OS X Mavericks</A> Support</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/.pkg" title=".pkg">Mac .pkg</A> Installation Support</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 12</B> (codenamed <I>Jones</I>)<SUP id="cite_ref-179" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-179">[179]</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI>Improved Mac .pkg Installation Support for the work flow and <A href="/wiki/User_Interface" class="mw-redirect" title="User Interface">UI</A></LI>
<LI>Support for <A href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer_11" title="Internet Explorer 11">Internet Explorer 11</A> on Windows 7</LI>
<LI>Support for Safe Mode in <A href="/wiki/Safari_(web_browser)" title="Safari (web browser)">Safari</A> 6.1 and higher</LI>
<LI>64-bit PPAPI Flash Player for <A href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Google Chrome</A></LI>
<LI>Graphics: Buffer Usage flag for Stage3D</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 13</B> (codenamed <I>King</I>)<SUP id="cite_ref-beta_180-0" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-beta-180">[180]</A></SUP><SUP id="cite_ref-181" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-181">[181]</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI>Supplementary Characters Enhancement Support for Text Field</LI>
<LI>Full Screen video message tweak</LI>
<LI>As of 13 May 2014<SUP class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit">[update]</A></SUP> this is the <I>Extended Support Release</I>.<SUP id="cite_ref-esr-13_78-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-esr-13-78">[78]</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 14</B> (version 14.0.0.125, codenamed <I>[Lombard Street (San Francisco)|Lombard]</I>) (June 10, 2014)<SUP id="cite_ref-182" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-182">[182]</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI>Stage 3D Standard profile</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 14</B> (version 14.0.0.145) (July 8, 2014)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 14</B> (version 14.0.0.179) (August 12, 2014)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 15</B> (version 15.0.0.152, codenamed <I>[Market Street (San Francisco)|Market]</I>) (September 9, 2014)<SUP id="cite_ref-183" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-183">[183]</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI>Improved support for browser zoom levels</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 15</B> (version 15.0.0.167) (September 24, 2014)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 15</B> (version 15.0.0.223) (November 11, 2014)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 15</B> (version 15.0.0.239) (November 25, 2014)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 16</B> (version 16.0.0.235, codenamed <I>Natoma</I>) (December 12, 2014)<SUP id="cite_ref-184" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-184">[184]</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI>Stage3D – Standard Constrained Profile</LI>
<LI>PPAPI Installers for Windows and Mac</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 16</B> (version 16.0.0.257) (January 13, 2015)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 16</B> (version 16.0.0.287) (January 22, 2015)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 17</B> (version 17.0.0.134, codenamed <I><A href="/wiki/Octavia_Boulevard" title="Octavia Boulevard">Octavia</A></I>) (March 12, 2015)<SUP id="cite_ref-185" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-185">[185]</A></SUP>
<UL>
<LI>Control Panel improvements</LI>
<LI>Installer improvements for Mac</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 18</B> (version 18.0.0.160, codenamed <I>[Presidio of San Francisco|Presidio]</I>) (June 9, 2015)
<UL>
<LI>Contains fixes for Adobe Security Bulletin APSB 15–11<SUP id="cite_ref-186" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-186">[186]</A></SUP></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 19</B> (version 19.0.0.185, codenamed <I>Quint</I>) (September 21, 2015)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 20</B> (version 20.0.0.228, codenamed <I>Rankin</I>) (December 8, 2015)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 21</B> (version 21.0.0.182, codenamed <I>Sutter</I>) (March 10, 2016)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 22</B> (version 22.0.0.192, codenamed <I>Townsend</I>) (June 16, 2016)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 23</B> (version 23.0.0.164, codenamed <I>Underwood</I>) (September 13, 2016)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 24</B> (version 24.0.0.186, codenamed <I>[Van Ness Avenue|Van Ness]</I>) (December 13, 2016)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 24</B> (version 24.0.0.194) (January 10, 2017)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 25</B> (version 25.0.0.127, codenamed <I>Webster</I>) (March 14, 2017)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 25</B> (version 25.0.0.148) (April 11, 2017)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 25</B> (version 25.0.0.163) (April 20, 2017)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 26</B> (version 26.0.0.131, codenamed <I>York</I>) (June 13, 2017)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 27</B> (version 27.0.0.130, codenamed <I>Zoe</I>) (September 12, 2017)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 27</B> (version 27.0.0.159) (October 10, 2017)</LI>
<LI><B>Adobe Flash Player 28</B> (version 28.0.0.11, codenamed <I>[Atka]</I>) (November 16, 2017)</LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: See also">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_AIR" title="Adobe AIR">Adobe AIR</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Shockwave" title="Adobe Shockwave">Adobe Shockwave</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Apache_Flex" title="Apache Flex">Apache Flex</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Microsoft_Silverlight" title="Microsoft Silverlight">Microsoft Silverlight</A></LI>
</UL>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="References_and_notes">References and notes</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: References and notes">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<DIV class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;">
<OL class="references">
<LI id="cite_note-prima-about-1"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-prima-about_1-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-prima-about_1-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-prima-about_1-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/software/flash/about/">"Adobe - Flash Player"</A>. <I>Adobe.com</I>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">9 January</SPAN> 2018</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Adobe.com&rft.atitle=Adobe+-+Flash+Player&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.adobe.com%2Fsoftware%2Fflash%2Fabout%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-archived-2"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-archived_2-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-archived_2-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-archived_2-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-archived_2-3"><SUP><I><B>d</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://helpx.adobe.com/flash-player/kb/archived-flash-player-versions.html">"Archived Flash Player versions"</A>. <I>Adobe.com</I>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">20 October</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Adobe.com&rft.atitle=Archived+Flash+Player+versions&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhelpx.adobe.com%2Fflash-player%2Fkb%2Farchived-flash-player-versions.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-3"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-3"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://labs.adobe.com/downloads/flashplayer.html">"Download Flash Player 28 Beta"</A>. <I>labs.adobe.com</I>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">2018-01-25</SPAN></SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=labs.adobe.com&rft.atitle=Download+Flash+Player+28+Beta&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flabs.adobe.com%2Fdownloads%2Fflashplayer.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-4"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-4"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://get.adobe.com/flashplayer">"Adobe Flash Player Download"</A>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">August 10,</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adobe+Flash+Player+Download&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fget.adobe.com%2Fflashplayer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-5"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-5"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://krebsonsecurity.com/2014/05/why-you-should-ditch-adobe-shockwave/">"Why You Should Ditch Adobe Shockwave"</A>. Krebs on Security. May 14, 2014<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">February 21,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Why+You+Should+Ditch+Adobe+Shockwave&rft.pub=Krebs+on+Security&rft.date=2014-05-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkrebsonsecurity.com%2F2014%2F05%2Fwhy-you-should-ditch-adobe-shockwave%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-6"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-6"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/products/flashruntimes/statistics.html">"Adobe Flash Runtimes Statistics"</A>. Adobe Systems Incorporated<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">January 2,</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adobe+Flash+Runtimes+Statistics&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems+Incorporated&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.adobe.com%2Fproducts%2Fflashruntimes%2Fstatistics.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-7"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-7"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://googlechromereleases.blogspot.cz/2010/03/dev-channel-update_30.html">Integrated Adobe Flash Player Plug-in</A>, Chrome team blog</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-8"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-8"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.chromium.org/2012/08/the-road-to-safer-more-stable-and.html">Porting Flash to sandboxed PPAPI platform</A>, Official Chromium Blog</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-9"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-9"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://helpx.adobe.com/flash-player/kb/flash-player-issues-windows-8.html">"Flash Player issues | Windows 8"</A>. Adobe Systems<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">December 15,</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flash+Player+issues+%26%23124%3B+Windows+8&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhelpx.adobe.com%2Fflash-player%2Fkb%2Fflash-player-issues-windows-8.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-10"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-10"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://helpx.adobe.com/flash-player/kb/flash-player-issues-windows-10-ie.html">"Flash Player Issues | Windows 10 | Internet Explorer"</A>. Adobe Systems<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">December 15,</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flash+Player+Issues+%26%23124%3B+Windows+10+%26%23124%3B+Internet+Explorer&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhelpx.adobe.com%2Fflash-player%2Fkb%2Fflash-player-issues-windows-10-ie.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-11"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-11"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://helpx.adobe.com/flash-player/kb/flash-player-issues-windows-10-edge.html">"Flash Player issues | Windows 10 | Microsoft Edge"</A>. Adobe Systems<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">December 15,</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flash+Player+issues+%26%23124%3B+Windows+10+%26%23124%3B+Microsoft+Edge&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhelpx.adobe.com%2Fflash-player%2Fkb%2Fflash-player-issues-windows-10-edge.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-12"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-12"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Barrett, Brian (15 July 2015). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/2015/07/adobe-flash-player-die/">"Flash. Must. Die"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/Wired.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Wired.com">Wired.com</A></I>. <A href="/wiki/Cond%C3%A9_Nast" title="Condé Nast">Condé Nast</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wired.com&rft.atitle=Flash.+Must.+Die.&rft.date=2015-07-15&rft.aulast=Barrett&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2F2015%2F07%2Fadobe-flash-player-die%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-13"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-13"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J. (16 June 2016). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zdnet.com/article/the-real-adobe-flash-fix-is-in/">"How to really fix the latest Adobe Flash security hole"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/ZDNet" title="ZDNet">ZDNet</A></I>. <A href="/wiki/CBS_Interactive" title="CBS Interactive">CBS Interactive</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ZDNet&rft.atitle=How+to+really+fix+the+latest+Adobe+Flash+security+hole&rft.date=2016-06-16&rft.aulast=Vaughan-Nichols&rft.aufirst=Steven+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zdnet.com%2Farticle%2Fthe-real-adobe-flash-fix-is-in%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-14"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-14"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Collins, Katie (11 March 2016). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnet.com/news/adobe-rushes-out-emergency-update-for-critical-flash-security-flaw/">"Adobe rushes out emergency update for 'critical' Flash security flaw"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/CNET" title="CNET">CNET</A></I>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNET&rft.atitle=Adobe+rushes+out+emergency+update+for+%27critical%27+Flash+security+flaw&rft.date=2016-03-11&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=Katie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnet.com%2Fnews%2Fadobe-rushes-out-emergency-update-for-critical-flash-security-flaw%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-15"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-15"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.adobe.com/conversations/2017/07/adobe-flash-update.html">"Flash & The Future of Interactive Content"</A>. 2017-07-25.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flash+%26+The+Future+of+Interactive+Content&rft.date=2017-07-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.adobe.com%2Fconversations%2F2017%2F07%2Fadobe-flash-update.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-16"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-16"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Lardinois, Frederic. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techcrunch.com/2017/07/25/get-ready-to-say-goodbye-to-flash-in-2020/">"Get ready to finally say goodbye to Flash — in 2020"</A>. <I>TechCrunch</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">2017-07-25</SPAN></SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechCrunch&rft.atitle=Get+ready+to+finally+say+goodbye+to+Flash+%E2%80%94+in+2020&rft.aulast=Lardinois&rft.aufirst=Frederic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftechcrunch.com%2F2017%2F07%2F25%2Fget-ready-to-say-goodbye-to-flash-in-2020%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-17"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-17"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Warren, Tom (2017-07-25). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2017/7/25/16026236/adobe-flash-end-of-support-2020">"Adobe will finally kill Flash in 2018"</A>. <I>The Verge</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">2017-07-25</SPAN></SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=Adobe+will+finally+kill+Flash+in+2018&rft.date=2017-07-25&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2017%2F7%2F25%2F16026236%2Fadobe-flash-end-of-support-2020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-18"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-18"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://webkit.org/blog/7839/adobe-announces-flash-distribution-and-updates-to-end/">"Adobe Announces Flash Distribution and Updates to End"</A>. 2017-07-25.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adobe+Announces+Flash+Distribution+and+Updates+to+End&rft.date=2017-07-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwebkit.org%2Fblog%2F7839%2Fadobe-announces-flash-distribution-and-updates-to-end%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-19"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-19"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Pudełek, Jakub (2017-07-25). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developers.facebook.com/blog/post/2017/07/25/Games-Migration-to-Open-Web-Standards/">"Migrating Games from Flash to Open Web Standards on Facebook"</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Migrating+Games+from+Flash+to+Open+Web+Standards+on+Facebook&rft.date=2017-07-25&rft.aulast=Pude%C5%82ek&rft.aufirst=Jakub&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdevelopers.facebook.com%2Fblog%2Fpost%2F2017%2F07%2F25%2FGames-Migration-to-Open-Web-Standards%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-20"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-20"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Laforge, Anthony (2017-07-25). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blog.google/products/chrome/saying-goodbye-flash-chrome/">"Saying goodbye to Flash in Chrome"</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Saying+goodbye+to+Flash+in+Chrome&rft.date=2017-07-25&rft.aulast=Laforge&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blog.google%2Fproducts%2Fchrome%2Fsaying-goodbye-flash-chrome%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-21"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-21"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.windows.com/msedgedev/2017/07/25/flash-on-windows-timeline/">"The End of an Era – Next Steps for Adobe Flash"</A>. 2017-07-25.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+End+of+an+Era+%E2%80%93+Next+Steps+for+Adobe+Flash&rft.date=2017-07-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.windows.com%2Fmsedgedev%2F2017%2F07%2F25%2Fflash-on-windows-timeline%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-22"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-22"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Smedberg, Benjamin (2017-07-25). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.mozilla.org/futurereleases/2017/07/25/firefox-roadmap-flash-end-life/">"Firefox Roadmap for Flash End-of-Life"</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Firefox+Roadmap+for+Flash+End-of-Life&rft.date=2017-07-25&rft.aulast=Smedberg&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.mozilla.org%2Ffuturereleases%2F2017%2F07%2F25%2Ffirefox-roadmap-flash-end-life%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-23"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-23"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/products/air.html">AIR 3</A>, Adobe</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-adobe-lso-24"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-adobe-lso_24-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100529082335/http://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer/articles/lso/">"What are local shared objects?"</A>. <I>Security and privacy</I>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer/articles/lso/">the original</A> on May 29, 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">December 5,</SPAN> 2007</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Security+and+privacy&rft.atitle=What+are+local+shared+objects%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.adobe.com%2Fproducts%2Fflashplayer%2Farticles%2Flso%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-25"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-25"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://swxformat.org/">SWX: SWF Data Format</A>, official website</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-26"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-26"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://code.google.com/p/swxjava/">swxjava – SWX RPC implementation in Java</A>, Google Code</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-27"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-27"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://code.google.com/p/swx-format/">swx-format – Data Format</A>, Google Code</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-28"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-28"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://swxformat.org/177">SWX Contest Winners</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120818142648/http://swxformat.org/177">Archived</A> August 18, 2012, at the <A href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</A>., SWX Format Website</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-29"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-29"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aralbalkan.com/1075">Introducing SWXml</A>, Aral Balkan</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-30"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-30"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101118043148/http://www.mainconcept.com/products/sdks/video/flash.html">"Flash H.264"</A>. <A href="/wiki/MainConcept" title="MainConcept">MainConcept</A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mainconcept.com/products/sdks/video/flash.html">the original</A> on November 18, 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">September 24,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flash+H.264&rft.pub=MainConcept&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mainconcept.com%2Fproducts%2Fsdks%2Fvideo%2Fflash.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-youtubeflash-31"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-youtubeflash_31-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-youtubeflash_31-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://apiblog.youtube.com/2010/06/flash-and-html5-tag.html">Flash and the HTML5 <video> tag</A>, YouTube Blog</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-huluflash-32"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-huluflash_32-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-huluflash_32-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.hulu.com/2010/05/13/pardon-our-dust/">Pardon Our Dust</A>, Hulu Blog</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-33"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-33"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/guidelines/futuremedia/technical/av_addendum.shtml#flash">Future Media Standards & Guidelines – AV Addendum v1.5</A> BBC</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-34"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-34"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adobepress.com/articles/article.asp?p=1014968&seqNum=2">Protocols: HTTP vs. RTMP> Beginner's Guide to Distributing Flash Video</A>, Adobe Press</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-35"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-35"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/devnet/flashplayer/articles/cross_domain_policy.html">Cross-domain policy file usage recommendations for Flash Player</A>, Adobe</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-fp9sec-36"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-fp9sec_36-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-fp9sec_36-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/devnet/flashplayer/articles/fplayer9_security.html">Policy file changes in Flash Player 9 and Flash Player 10</A>, Adobe</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-37"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-37"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/352039/sites-which-support-crossdomain-xml-to-allow-flash-and-silverlight-access">"Sites which support crossdomain.xml to allow Flash and Silverlight access"</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">March 25,</SPAN> 2017</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sites+which+support+crossdomain.xml+to+allow+Flash+and+Silverlight+access&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstackoverflow.com%2Fquestions%2F352039%2Fsites-which-support-crossdomain-xml-to-allow-flash-and-silverlight-access&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-38"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-38"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://help.adobe.com/en_US/FlashPlatform/reference/actionscript/3/flash/net/Socket.html">Socket</A>, Adobe ActionScript 3 API Reference</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-39"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-39"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://help.adobe.com/en_US/as3/dev/WSb2ba3b1aad8a27b0-181c51321220efd9d1c-8000.html">Sockets</A>, ActionScript 3.0 Developer’s Guide</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-40"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-40"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/devnet/flashplayer/articles/socket_policy_files.html">Setting up a socket policy file server</A>, Adobe</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-41"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-41"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://code.google.com/p/assql/">AsSQL – MySQL Driver for AS3</A>, Google Code</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Lengyel2011-42"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Lengyel2011_42-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Remi Arnaud (2011). "3D in a Web Browser". In Eric Lengyel. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QbSf3XwfM7EC&pg=PA208"><I>Game Engine Gems 2</I></A>. CRC Press. pp. 208–212. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56881-437-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56881-437-7">978-1-56881-437-7</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=3D+in+a+Web+Browser&rft.btitle=Game+Engine+Gems+2&rft.pages=208-212&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-56881-437-7&rft.au=Remi+Arnaud&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQbSf3XwfM7EC%26pg%3DPA208&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Kaitila2011-43"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Kaitila2011_43-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Christer Kaitila (2011). <I>Adobe Flash 11 Stage3D (Molehill) Game Programming Beginner's Guide</I>. Packt Publishing Ltd. p. 9. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84969-169-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84969-169-7">978-1-84969-169-7</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Adobe+Flash+11+Stage3D+%28Molehill%29+Game+Programming+Beginner%27s+Guide&rft.pages=9&rft.pub=Packt+Publishing+Ltd&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-84969-169-7&rft.au=Christer+Kaitila&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-44"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-44"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.airtightinteractive.com/2011/10/stage3d-vs-webgl-performance/">"Stage3D vs WebGL Performance — Airtight Interactive"</A>. Airtightinteractive.com. October 28, 2011<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">August 4,</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Stage3D+vs+WebGL+Performance+%E2%80%94+Airtight+Interactive&rft.pub=Airtightinteractive.com&rft.date=2011-10-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.airtightinteractive.com%2F2011%2F10%2Fstage3d-vs-webgl-performance%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-45"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-45"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wiki.scratch.mit.edu/wiki/Stage3D">"Stage3D"</A>. scratch.mit.edu<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">August 5,</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Stage3D&rft.pub=scratch.mit.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwiki.scratch.mit.edu%2Fwiki%2FStage3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-46"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-46"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bugbase.adobe.com/index.cfm?event=bug&id=3591185">Adobe Flash Player 11.8 – Bug 3591185: Pixel Bender shader performance drastically degraded in FP11.8. Closed as "NeverFix"</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140422031641/https://bugbase.adobe.com/index.cfm?event=bug&id=3591185">Archived</A> April 22, 2014, at the <A href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</A>.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-47"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-47"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.osnews.com/story/22997/Comparing_Flash_HTML5_Performance">Comparing Flash, HTML5 Performance</A>, OS News</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-48"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-48"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flashmobileblog.com/2010/02/24/battery-performance-with-flash-player-10-1-on-nexus-one/">Battery Performance with Flash Player 10.1 on Nexus One</A>, Flash Mobile Blog</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-49"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-49"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.qnx.com/products/reference-design/">Reference Designs and Demos</A>, QNX</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-50"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-50"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/devnet/actionscript/articles/actionscript3_overview.html">ActionScript 3.0 overview, <I>"ActionScript 3.0 code executes up to 10 times faster than legacy ActionScript code."</I></A>, Adobe</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-51"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-51"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120505202706/http://labs.adobe.com/wiki/index.php/Alchemy%3AFAQ">"Alchemy:FAQ"</A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://labs.adobe.com/wiki/index.php/Alchemy:FAQ">the original</A> on May 5, 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 5,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alchemy%3AFAQ&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flabs.adobe.com%2Fwiki%2Findex.php%2FAlchemy%3AFAQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN>, Adobe Labs, <I>"ASC performs few optimizations at this time"</I></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-52"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-52"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Zotov, Peter (May 6, 2012). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://whitequark.org/blog/2012/05/06/reaching-the-limits-of-adobe-stupidity/">"Reaching the Limits of Adobe Stupidity – whitespace"</A>. Whitequark.org<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">October 27,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Reaching+the+Limits+of+Adobe+Stupidity+%E2%80%93+whitespace&rft.pub=Whitequark.org&rft.date=2012-05-06&rft.aulast=Zotov&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwhitequark.org%2Fblog%2F2012%2F05%2F06%2Freaching-the-limits-of-adobe-stupidity%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-alc1-53"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-alc1_53-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-alc1_53-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://labs.adobe.com/wiki/index.php/Alchemy:FAQ">Alchemy:FAQ</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120505202706/http://labs.adobe.com/wiki/index.php/Alchemy%3AFAQ">Archived</A> May 5, 2012, at the <A href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</A>., Adobe Labs</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-alc2-54"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-alc2_54-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-alc2_54-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://llvm.org/devmtg/2009-10/Petersen_OptimizingActionScriptBytecode.pdf">Optimizing ActionScript Bytecode using LLVM</A>, Adobe</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-alc3-55"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-alc3_55-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-alc3_55-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unitzeroone.com/blog/2008/11/28/adobe-alchemy-is-it-actionscript-heresy/">Adobe Alchemy, is it ActionScript heresy?</A>, Unit Zero One</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-56"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-56"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bytearray.org/?p=4789">Introducing ASC 2.0</A>, Thibault Imbert, ByteArray.com</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-57"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-57"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.splashdust.net/2009/10/as3-vs-haxe-performance/">AS3 vs haXe performance</A>, SplashDust website <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130105015705/http://www.splashdust.net/2009/10/as3-vs-haxe-performance/">Archived</A> January 5, 2013, at the <A href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</A>.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-58"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-58"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/devnet/devices/articles/optimize-performance-apps-tv.html">Optimizing performance of applications for connected TVs</A>, Adobe Developer Connection</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-59"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-59"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.flexwiz.net/top-10-performance-killers-in-your-air-application/">Top 10 Performance Killers in your AIR Application</A>, FlexWiz</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-60"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-60"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gregsramblings.com/2011/09/06/flex-vs-actionscript-the-debate-gets-new-life/">Flex versus ActionScript – the debate gets new life</A>, Greg's Ramblings</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-61"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-61"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://madskool.wordpress.com/2011/06/07/pure-actionscript-madcomponents-vs-flash-builder-4-5/">Pure ActionScript + MadComponents vs. Flash Builder 4.5</A>, MobileAppDev</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-62"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-62"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://crosbymichael.com/flex-45-vs-pure-as3.html">Flex 4.5 vs Pure AS3</A>, Michael Crosby</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Adobe_donates_Flex_to_Apache-63"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-Adobe_donates_Flex_to_Apache_63-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Adobe_donates_Flex_to_Apache_63-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.techworld.com.au/article/407714/adobe_donates_flex_apache">"Adobe donates Flex to Apache"</A>. <I><A href="/wiki/Techworld" class="mw-redirect" title="Techworld">Techworld</A></I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 17,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Techworld&rft.atitle=Adobe+donates+Flex+to+Apache&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.techworld.com.au%2Farticle%2F407714%2Fadobe_donates_flex_apache&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-64"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-64"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://truegryc.blogspot.com/2010/05/response-to-thoughts-on-flash.html">Response to “Thoughts on Flash”</A>, True Gryc Blog</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-65"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-65"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creative.adobe.com/products/gaming-sdk">"Adobe Gaming SDK"</A>. <I>creative.adobe.com</I>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">August 4,</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=creative.adobe.com&rft.atitle=Adobe+Gaming+SDK&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcreative.adobe.com%2Fproducts%2Fgaming-sdk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Au2012-66"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-Au2012_66-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-Au2012_66-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Wagner James Au (2012). <I>Game Design Secrets</I>. John Wiley & Sons. p. 130. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-118-46391-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-118-46391-8">978-1-118-46391-8</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Game+Design+Secrets&rft.pages=130&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-118-46391-8&rft.au=Wagner+James+Au&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-theverge-67"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-theverge_67-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2011/10/7/2471974/epics-unreal-3-engine-coming-soon-to-adobe-flash-11">"Adobe Flash 11 adopts Unreal Engine 3 for better browser games | The Verge"</A>. theverge.com<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">August 4,</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adobe+Flash+11+adopts+Unreal+Engine+3+for+better+browser+games+%26%23124%3B+The+Verge&rft.pub=theverge.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2011%2F10%2F7%2F2471974%2Fepics-unreal-3-engine-coming-soon-to-adobe-flash-11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-68"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-68"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130406002548/http://www.flashrealtime.com/flash-game-library-engine-list/">"List of Flash Gaming Engines"</A>. FlashRealtime.com. April 23, 2011. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flashrealtime.com/flash-game-library-engine-list">the original</A> on April 6, 2013<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">February 21,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=List+of+Flash+Gaming+Engines&rft.pub=FlashRealtime.com&rft.date=2011-04-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flashrealtime.com%2Fflash-game-library-engine-list&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-69"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-69"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://adobe-flash.github.io/crossbridge/">CrossBridge for Flash Player</A>, GitHub</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-70"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-70"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.articlepub.ga/adobe-kill-flash-2020/">"Adobe Finally kills Adobe Flash Player in 2020 - Article Pub"</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">26 July</SPAN> 2017</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adobe+Finally+kills+Adobe+Flash+Player+in+2020+-+Article+Pub&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.articlepub.ga%2Fadobe-kill-flash-2020%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN><SUP class="noprint Inline-Template"><SPAN style="white-space: nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><SPAN title=" Dead link since December 2017">permanent dead link</SPAN></A></I>]</SPAN></SUP></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Lengyel2011b-71"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Lengyel2011b_71-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation book">Remi Arnaud (2011). "3D in a Web Browser". In Eric Lengyel. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QbSf3XwfM7EC&pg=PA205"><I>Game Engine Gems 2</I></A>. CRC Press. p. 205. <A href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</A> <A href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56881-437-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56881-437-7">978-1-56881-437-7</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=3D+in+a+Web+Browser&rft.btitle=Game+Engine+Gems+2&rft.pages=205&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-56881-437-7&rft.au=Remi+Arnaud&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQbSf3XwfM7EC%26pg%3DPA205&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-72"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-72"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/support/flashplayer/downloads.html">"Downloads"</A>. <I>Adobe Flash Player Support Center</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">October 29,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Adobe+Flash+Player+Support+Center&rft.atitle=Downloads&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.adobe.com%2Fsupport%2Fflashplayer%2Fdownloads.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-73"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-73"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.adobe.com/flashplayer/2012/02/adobe-and-google-partnering-for-flash-player-on-linux.html">"Adobe and Google Partnering for Flash Player on Linux"</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 25,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adobe+and+Google+Partnering+for+Flash+Player+on+Linux&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.adobe.com%2Fflashplayer%2F2012%2F02%2Fadobe-and-google-partnering-for-flash-player-on-linux.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-74"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-74"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Noyes, Katherine (April 6, 2012). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcworld.com/article/250455/for_flash_on_linux_chrome_will_be_users_only_choice.html">"For Flash on Linux, Chrome Will Be Users' Only Choice | PCWorld Business Center"</A>. Pcworld.com<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">April 10,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=For+Flash+on+Linux%2C+Chrome+Will+Be+Users%27+Only+Choice+%26%23124%3B+PCWorld+Business+Center&rft.pub=Pcworld.com&rft.date=2012-04-06&rft.aulast=Noyes&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcworld.com%2Farticle%2F250455%2Ffor_flash_on_linux_chrome_will_be_users_only_choice.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-75"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-75"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://linux.slashdot.org/story/12/03/31/1417245/adobe-releases-last-linux-version-of-flash-player">"Adobe Releases Last Linux Version of Flash Player – Slashdot"</A>. Linux.slashdot.org<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">April 10,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adobe+Releases+Last+Linux+Version+of+Flash+Player+%E2%80%93+Slashdot&rft.pub=Linux.slashdot.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flinux.slashdot.org%2Fstory%2F12%2F03%2F31%2F1417245%2Fadobe-releases-last-linux-version-of-flash-player&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-76"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-76"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.adobe.com/flashplayer/2016/08/beta-news-flash-player-npapi-for-linux.html">"Beta News – Flash Player NPAPI for Linux"</A>. <I>Adobe AIR and Adobe Flash Player Team Blog</I>. August 31, 2016<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 17,</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Adobe+AIR+and+Adobe+Flash+Player+Team+Blog&rft.atitle=Beta+News+%E2%80%93+Flash+Player+NPAPI+for+Linux&rft.date=2016-08-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.adobe.com%2Fflashplayer%2F2016%2F08%2Fbeta-news-flash-player-npapi-for-linux.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-esr-77"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-esr_77-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-esr_77-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Tareq Aljaber (May 17, 2013). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.adobe.com/flashplayer/2013/05/extended-support-release-updated-to-flash-player-11-7.html">"Extended Support Release Updated to Flash Player 11.7"</A>. <I>Adobe AIR and Adobe Flash Player Team Blog</I>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">February 15,</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Adobe+AIR+and+Adobe+Flash+Player+Team+Blog&rft.atitle=Extended+Support+Release+Updated+to+Flash+Player+11.7&rft.date=2013-05-17&rft.au=Tareq+Aljaber&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.adobe.com%2Fflashplayer%2F2013%2F05%2Fextended-support-release-updated-to-flash-player-11-7.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-esr-13-78"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-esr-13_78-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-esr-13_78-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-esr-13_78-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.adobe.com/flashplayer/2014/03/upcoming-changes-to-flash-players-extended-support-release.html">"Upcoming changes to Flash Player's extended support release"</A>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe</A>. March 5, 2014<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">December 17,</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Upcoming+changes+to+Flash+Player%E2%80%99s+extended+support+release&rft.pub=Adobe&rft.date=2014-03-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.adobe.com%2Fflashplayer%2F2014%2F03%2Fupcoming-changes-to-flash-players-extended-support-release.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-esr-18-79"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-esr-18_79-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.adobe.com/flashplayer/2015/05/upcoming-changes-to-flash-players-extended-support-release-2.html">"Upcoming changes to Flash Player's extended support release"</A>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe</A>. May 15, 2015<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">September 30,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Upcoming+changes+to+Flash+Player%E2%80%99s+extended+support+release&rft.pub=Adobe&rft.date=2015-05-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.adobe.com%2Fflashplayer%2F2015%2F05%2Fupcoming-changes-to-flash-players-extended-support-release-2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-80"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-80"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Campbell, Chris (August 23, 2016). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://forums.adobe.com/thread/889580">"Where can I find the "Extended Support Release" of Flash Player for Windows or Macintosh?"</A>. <I>forums.adobe.com</I>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=forums.adobe.com&rft.atitle=Where+can+I+find+the+%22Extended+Support+Release%22+of+Flash+Player+for+Windows+or+Macintosh%3F&rft.date=2016-08-23&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforums.adobe.com%2Fthread%2F889580&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-fpos-81"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-fpos_81-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-fpos_81-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-fpos_81-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-fpos_81-3"><SUP><I><B>d</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-fpos_81-4"><SUP><I><B>e</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-fpos_81-5"><SUP><I><B>f</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/otherversions/">Adobe Flash Player Versions</A>, Adobe.com</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-dead-82"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-dead_82-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-dead_82-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-dead_82-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-dead_82-3"><SUP><I><B>d</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-dead_82-4"><SUP><I><B>e</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-dead_82-5"><SUP><I><B>f</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-dead_82-6"><SUP><I><B>g</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-dead_82-7"><SUP><I><B>h</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-dead_82-8"><SUP><I><B>i</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-dead_82-9"><SUP><I><B>j</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-dead_82-10"><SUP><I><B>k</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://helpx.adobe.com/flash-player/kb/archived-flash-player-versions.html">"Archived Flash Player versions"</A>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">February 18,</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+Flash+Player+versions&rft.pub=Adobe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhelpx.adobe.com%2Fflash-player%2Fkb%2Farchived-flash-player-versions.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-83"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-83"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://main.system7today.com/software/flashplayer5.html">"Flash Player 5"</A>. <I>System 7 Today</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">October 15,</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=System+7+Today&rft.atitle=Flash+Player+5&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmain.system7today.com%2Fsoftware%2Fflashplayer5.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-fp11ios-84"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-fp11ios_84-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-fp11ios_84-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/devnet/air/articles/ios_features_in_air26.html">iOS features in Adobe AIR 2.6</A>, Adobe Devnet</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-flashmobileblog1-85"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-flashmobileblog1_85-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-flashmobileblog1_85-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flashmobileblog.com/2010/03/02/flash-player-10-1-installations-and-updates/">"Flash Player 10.1 – Installations and updates"</A>. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101008031022/http://www.flashmobileblog.com/2010/03/02/flash-player-10-1-installations-and-updates/">Archived</A> from the original on October 8, 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 19,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Flash+Player+10.1+%E2%80%93+Installations+and+updates&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flashmobileblog.com%2F2010%2F03%2F02%2Fflash-player-10-1-installations-and-updates%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-86"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-86"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news">Arthur, Charles (June 29, 2012). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2012/jun/29/flash-android-dies-adobe">"Flash Player for Android: Adobe calls time, declares it dead"</A>. The Guardian<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">June 30,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Flash+Player+for+Android%3A+Adobe+calls+time%2C+declares+it+dead&rft.date=2012-06-29&rft.au=Arthur%2C+Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftechnology%2Fblog%2F2012%2Fjun%2F29%2Fflash-android-dies-adobe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-87"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-87"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/flashplatform/certified_devices/">Flash Platform Certified Devices</A>, Adobe</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-88"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-88"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/flashplatform/certified_devices/smartphones.html">Flash Platform Certified Devices: Smartphones</A>, Adobe</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-89"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-89"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/flashplatform/certified_devices/tablets.html">Flash Platform Certified Devices: Tablets</A>, Adobe</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-cbsnews.com-90"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-cbsnews.com_90-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-501465_162-57321344-501465/adobe-abandons-flash-player-on-mobile-browsers-for-html5/">Adobe abandons Flash Player on mobile browsers for HTML5</A>, CBS News</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-telegraph.co.uk-91"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-telegraph.co.uk_91-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/8879783/Adobe-abandons-Flash-for-mobile-devices.html">Adobe abandons Flash for mobile devices</A>, The Telegraph</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-92"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-92"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/shockwave/download/alternates/">Web Players</A>. Adobe. Retrieved on March 11, 2011.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-93"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-93"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.hp.com/support/macromedia_software/">[1]</A><SUP class="noprint Inline-Template"><SPAN style="white-space: nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><SPAN title=" Dead link since March 2011">dead link</SPAN></A></I>]</SPAN></SUP></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-94"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-94"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allbusiness.com/technology/computer-software/300738-1.html/">MACROMEDIA INTRODUCES FREE FLASH PLAYERS FOR LINUX, SOLARIS, IRIX USERS. | Technology > Software Services & Applications from</A>. AllBusiness.com. Retrieved on March 11, 2011.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-95"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-95"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Macromedia – Flash Player SDK <A rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer_sdk/">http://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer_sdk/</A> (Taken July 7, 2006).</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-96"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-96"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/pressroom/pressreleases/200811/111708ARMAdobeFlash.html">Press Room: For immediate release</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140805114419/http://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/pressroom/pressreleases/200811/111708ARMAdobeFlash.html">Archived</A> August 5, 2014, at the <A href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</A>.. Adobe. Retrieved on March 11, 2011.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-97"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-97"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.electronista.com/articles/08/11/17/adobe.flash.for.arm.in.2k9/">Adobe Flash 10 to be ARM-optimized in 2009</A>. Electronista (November 17, 2008). Retrieved on March 11, 2011.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-98"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-98"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/pressroom/pressreleases/200901/010509IntelAdobePR.html">Press Room: For immediate release</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140816042955/http://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/pressroom/pressreleases/200901/010509IntelAdobePR.html">Archived</A> August 16, 2014, at the <A href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</A>.. Adobe. Retrieved on March 11, 2011.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-99"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-99"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.electronicsweekly.com/Articles/2008/05/02/43661/arm-welcomes-adobes-mobile-flash-move.htm">ARM welcomes Adobe's mobile Flash move – 5/2/2008</A>. Electronics Weekly (May 2, 2008). Retrieved on March 11, 2011.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-100"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-100"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eetimes.com/news/latest/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=216500372">ARM netbooks struggle with video, apps</A>. Eetimes.com (April 14, 2009). Retrieved on March 11, 2011.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-101"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-101"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Adobe Success Story: LeapFrog Enterprises <A rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.adobe.com/cfusion/showcase/index.cfm?event=casestudydetail&casestudyid=21019&loc=en_us">http://www.adobe.com/cfusion/showcase/index.cfm?event=casestudydetail&casestudyid=21019&loc=en_us</A> (Taken July 7, 2006).</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-102"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-102"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://threespeech.com/blog/2008/10/new-info-on-the-firmware-updates-for-ps3-and-psp/">"New info on the firmware updates for PS3 and PSP"</A>. ThreeSpeech. October 14, 2008.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+info+on+the+firmware+updates+for+PS3+and+PSP&rft.pub=ThreeSpeech&rft.date=2008-10-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthreespeech.com%2Fblog%2F2008%2F10%2Fnew-info-on-the-firmware-updates-for-ps3-and-psp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-103"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-103"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://market.android.com/details?id=com.adobe.flashplayer&hl=en">Adobe Flash Player</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111013091458/https://market.android.com/details?id=com.adobe.flashplayer&hl=en">Archived</A> October 13, 2011, at the <A href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</A>., Android Market</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-annfp11-104"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-annfp11_104-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-annfp11_104-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-annfp11_104-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.adobe.com/flashplatform/2011/09/announcing-flash-player-11-and-air-3.html">Announcing Flash Player 11 and AIR 3</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120504213731/http://blogs.adobe.com/flashplatform/2011/09/announcing-flash-player-11-and-air-3.html">Archived</A> May 4, 2012, at the <A href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</A>., Adobe Flash Platform Blog</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-105"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-105"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.adobe.com/flashplayer/2010/06/flash_player_101_for_mobile_is_live.html">Flash Player 10.1: Live and Ready for Android « Adobe Flash Player Team Blog</A>. Blogs.adobe.com. Retrieved on March 11, 2011.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-106"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-106"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.adobe.com/flashplatform/certified_devices/tablets.html">[2]</A> Retrieved on September 19, 2011.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-107"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-107"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maemo.nokia.com/features/maemo-browser/">Maemo software | Nokia › Maemo Browser</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091229235330/http://maemo.nokia.com/features/maemo-browser/">Archived</A> December 29, 2009, at the <A href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</A>.. Maemo.nokia.com. Retrieved on March 11, 2011.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-adobe.com-108"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-adobe.com_108-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/devnet/devices/psp.html">Mobile and Devices Developer Center: Sony PSP</A>. Adobe (July 16, 2007). Retrieved on March 11, 2011.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-109"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-109"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adobe-flashlite.com/?tag=symbian-3">Symbian ^3</A>. Adobe Flash Lite (April 27, 2010). Retrieved on March 11, 2011.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-110"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-110"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://flashmobile.scottjanousek.com/2009/09/01/nintendo-wii-flash-player-supported-via-opera-updated-to-flash-lite-3-1-flash-89/">Scott Janousek » Blog Archive » Nintendo Wii Flash Player supported via Opera updated to Flash Lite 3.1 (Flash 8/9)</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110913235712/http://flashmobile.scottjanousek.com/2009/09/01/nintendo-wii-flash-player-supported-via-opera-updated-to-flash-lite-3-1-flash-89/">Archived</A> September 13, 2011, at the <A href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</A>.. Flashmobile.scottjanousek.com (September 1, 2009). Retrieved on March 11, 2011.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-ppcwinmo-111"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-ppcwinmo_111-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-ppcwinmo_111-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer_pocketpc/downloads/player.html">Download Macromedia Flash Player 7 for Pocket PC</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140207061307/http://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer_pocketpc/downloads/player.html">Archived</A> February 7, 2014, at the <A href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</A>., Adobe</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-ppcfp7-112"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-ppcfp7_112-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-ppcfp7_112-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer_pocketpc/">Flash Player 7 For Pocket PC</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140119105908/http://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer_pocketpc/">Archived</A> January 19, 2014, at the <A href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</A>.. Adobe (July 14, 2009). Retrieved on March 11, 2011.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-113"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-113"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/mobile/supported_devices/pda.html">rich Internet applications | Adobe Flash Platform runtimes</A>. Adobe.com (July 14, 2009). Retrieved on March 11, 2011.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-114"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-114"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsdee.com/flip8/">"Flip8 – the World's First Flash Emulator — v0.9"</A>. Newsdee.com<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">September 12,</SPAN> 2009</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flip8+%E2%80%93+the+World%27s+First+Flash+Emulator+%E2%80%94+v0.9&rft.pub=Newsdee.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsdee.com%2Fflip8%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-115"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-115"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Claus Wahlers. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://codeazur.com.br/stuff/fc64_final/">"FC64 – Flash Commodore 64 Emulator — Demo — c么deazur brasil lab"</A>. Codeazur.com.br<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">September 12,</SPAN> 2009</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FC64+%E2%80%93+Flash+Commodore+64+Emulator+%E2%80%94+Demo+%E2%80%94+c%E4%B9%88deazur+brasil+lab&rft.pub=Codeazur.com.br&rft.au=Claus+Wahlers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcodeazur.com.br%2Fstuff%2Ffc64_final%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-116"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-116"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080203115739/http://www.jorin.com/shed/zx-spectrum-48k-games/?sna=basic">"FlashZXSpectrum48k, Sinclair ZX Spectrum Emulator written in Flash"</A>. Jorin.com. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jorin.com/shed/zx-spectrum-48k-games/?sna=basic">the original</A> on February 3, 2008<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">September 12,</SPAN> 2009</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FlashZXSpectrum48k%2C+Sinclair+ZX+Spectrum+Emulator+written+in+Flash&rft.pub=Jorin.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jorin.com%2Fshed%2Fzx-spectrum-48k-games%2F%3Fsna%3Dbasic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-117"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-117"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://code.google.com/p/aminnes/">"aminnes – Project Hosting on Google Code"</A>. www.aminlab.com/. May 17, 2010.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=aminnes+%E2%80%93+Project+Hosting+on+Google+Code&rft.pub=www.aminlab.com%2F&rft.date=2010-05-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcode.google.com%2Fp%2Faminnes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-118"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-118"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/devnet/swf.html">SWF Technology Center | Adobe Developer Connection</A>. Adobe.com (July 14, 2009). Retrieved on March 11, 2011.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-119"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-119"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zdnet.com/blog/stewart/adobe-open-screen-project/828">"Adobe Open Screen Project"</A>. <Q>Starting today, there will be no restrictions on the use of the SWF specification or the FLV and F4V specifications that make up video in Flash. Formerly, to look at the SWF specification users had to sign a licensing agreement not to use it to create competing players</Q></CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adobe+Open+Screen+Project&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zdnet.com%2Fblog%2Fstewart%2Fadobe-open-screen-project%2F828&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-120"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-120"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mozilla.com/en-US/press/mozilla-2006-11-07.html">"Adobe and Mozilla Foundation to Open Source Flash Player Scripting Engine"</A>. <I>Mozilla Foundation Press Center</I>. San Francisco. November 7, 2006<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">September 3,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mozilla+Foundation+Press+Center&rft.atitle=Adobe+and+Mozilla+Foundation+to+Open+Source+Flash+Player+Scripting+Engine&rft.date=2006-11-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mozilla.com%2Fen-US%2Fpress%2Fmozilla-2006-11-07.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-121"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-121"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mozilla.org/projects/tamarin/">Tamarin Project</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070210002959/http://www.mozilla.org/projects/tamarin/">Archived</A> February 10, 2007, at the <A href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</A>.. Mozilla.org (October 5, 2010). Retrieved on March 11, 2011.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-thereg1-122"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-thereg1_122-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-thereg1_122-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Tim Anderson (November 15, 2015). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theregister.co.uk/2011/11/15/adobe_donates_flex_sdk_to_open_source/">"Adobe Flex SDK bombshell STUNS developers"</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adobe+Flex+SDK+bombshell+STUNS+developers&rft.date=2015-11-15&rft.au=Tim+Anderson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theregister.co.uk%2F2011%2F11%2F15%2Fadobe_donates_flex_sdk_to_open_source%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-pcworld1-123"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-pcworld1_123-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-pcworld1_123-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Joab Jackson, IDG News Service (November 16, 2011). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pcworld.com/article/244060/adobe_donates_flex_to_apache.html">"Adobe Donates Flex to Apache"</A>. <A href="/wiki/PCWorld" class="mw-redirect" title="PCWorld">PCWorld</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adobe+Donates+Flex+to+Apache&rft.pub=PCWorld&rft.date=2011-11-16&rft.au=Joab+Jackson%2C+IDG+News+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcworld.com%2Farticle%2F244060%2Fadobe_donates_flex_to_apache.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-printui1-124"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-printui1_124-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-printui1_124-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-printui1_124-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://printui.com/blog/2013/01/flex-flash/">Flex != Flash</A>, PrintUI, January 27, 2013</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-labsblog4-125"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-labsblog4_125-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.adobe.com/flashplayer/2013/06/open-source-flash-c-compiler-crossbridge.html">Open Source Flash C++ Compiler, CrossBridge</A>, Adobe Blogs, June 25, 2013</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-126"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-126"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://adobe-flash.github.io/crossbridge/">CrossBridge</A>, Adobe Gaming GitHub Website</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-127"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-127"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=MTM5NjA">Adobe Open-Sources Flash C/C++ Compiler</A>, Phoronix, Michael Larabel, June 26, 2013</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-128"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-128"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gnu.org/software/gnash/manual/gnashref.html#runs-on">"Gnash Reference Manual"</A>. <I>gnu.org</I><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 12,</SPAN> 2011</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gnu.org&rft.atitle=Gnash+Reference+Manual&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gnu.org%2Fsoftware%2Fgnash%2Fmanual%2Fgnashref.html%23runs-on&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-129"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-129"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://helpx.adobe.com/flash-player/kb/installation-problems-flash-player-windows.html">"Flash Player Help / Installation problems"</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flash+Player+Help+%2F+Installation+problems&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhelpx.adobe.com%2Fflash-player%2Fkb%2Finstallation-problems-flash-player-windows.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-130"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-130"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://helpx.adobe.com/flash-player/kb/uninstall-flash-player-windows.html">"Help / Uninstall (old-version) Flash Player (if installation is unsuccessful)"</A>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Help+%2F+Uninstall+%28old-version%29+Flash+Player+%28if+installation+is+unsuccessful%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhelpx.adobe.com%2Fflash-player%2Fkb%2Funinstall-flash-player-windows.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-auto-131"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-auto_131-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-auto_131-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.h-online.com/security/news/item/Patch-for-Adobe-Flash-closes-two-critical-security-holes-1486334.html">"Patch for Adobe Flash"</A>. <A href="/wiki/The_H" class="mw-redirect" title="The H">The H</A>. March 29, 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">February 18,</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Patch+for+Adobe+Flash&rft.pub=The+H&rft.date=2012-03-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.h-online.com%2Fsecurity%2Fnews%2Fitem%2FPatch-for-Adobe-Flash-closes-two-critical-security-holes-1486334.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-Linux-132"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-Linux_132-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/devnet/flashplatform/whitepapers/roadmap.html">"Adobe roadmap for the Flash Player"</A>. Adobe<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">January 14,</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adobe+roadmap+for+the+Flash+Player&rft.pub=Adobe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.adobe.com%2Fdevnet%2Fflashplatform%2Fwhitepapers%2Froadmap.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-133"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-133"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://w3techs.com/technologies/details/cp-flash/all/all">Usage Statistics of Flash for Websites, December 2013</A>. W3techs.com (July 22, 2013). Retrieved on December 9, 2013.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-134"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-134"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bugbase.adobe.com/index.cfm?event=bug&id=3712099">Bug 3712099, at "bugbase.adobe.com"</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140227184350/https://bugbase.adobe.com/index.cfm?event=bug&id=3712099">Archived</A> February 27, 2014, at the <A href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</A>.. Retrieved on February 22, 2014.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-135"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-135"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100529082335/http://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer/articles/lso/">"What Is a Local Shared Object?"</A>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer/articles/lso/">the original</A> on May 29, 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">July 1,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+Is+a+Local+Shared+Object%3F&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.adobe.com%2Fproducts%2Fflashplayer%2Farticles%2Flso%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-FlashSettings-136"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-FlashSettings_136-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.macromedia.com/support/documentation/en/flashplayer/help/settings_manager.html">"Adobe Flash Player Settings Manager"</A>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A>. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100620070041/http://www.macromedia.com/support/documentation/en/flashplayer/help/settings_manager.html">Archived</A> from the original on June 20, 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">July 1,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adobe+Flash+Player+Settings+Manager&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.macromedia.com%2Fsupport%2Fdocumentation%2Fen%2Fflashplayer%2Fhelp%2Fsettings_manager.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-137"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-137"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.macromedia.com/support/documentation/en/flashplayer/help/settings_manager07.html">"Web Storage Settings Panel"</A>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">April 4,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Web+Storage+Settings+Panel&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.macromedia.com%2Fsupport%2Fdocumentation%2Fen%2Fflashplayer%2Fhelp%2Fsettings_manager07.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-138"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-138"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/devnet/flashplayer/articles/privacy_mode_fp10.1.html">"Private browsing in Flash Player 10"</A>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A>. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100528232408/http://www.adobe.com/devnet/flashplayer/articles/privacy_mode_fp10.1.html">Archived</A> from the original on May 28, 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">July 1,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Private+browsing+in+Flash+Player+10&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.adobe.com%2Fdevnet%2Fflashplayer%2Farticles%2Fprivacy_mode_fp10.1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-139"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-139"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100210080408/http://blogs.adobe.com/emmy/archives/2010/02/flash_bug_repor.html">"Flash Bug Report"</A>. February 6, 2010. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.adobe.com/emmy/archives/2010/02/flash_bug_repor.html">the original</A> on February 10, 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">March 27,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flash+Bug+Report&rft.date=2010-02-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.adobe.com%2Femmy%2Farchives%2F2010%2F02%2Fflash_bug_repor.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-140"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-140"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/support/security/advisories/apsa10-01.html">"Security Advisory for Flash Player, Adobe Reader and Acrobat"</A>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">June 8,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Security+Advisory+for+Flash+Player%2C+Adobe+Reader+and+Acrobat&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.adobe.com%2Fsupport%2Fsecurity%2Fadvisories%2Fapsa10-01.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-141"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-141"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation news"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/10257411.stm">"Adobe acknowledges critical security flaw in software"</A>. BBC News. June 7, 2010.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Adobe+acknowledges+critical+security+flaw+in+software&rft.date=2010-06-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Ftechnology%2F10257411.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-142"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-142"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/support/security/advisories/apsa10-05.html">"Security Advisory for Adobe Flash Player, Adobe Reader and Acrobat"</A>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A>. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101031162814/http://www.adobe.com/support/security/advisories/apsa10-05.html">Archived</A> from the original on October 31, 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">October 31,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Security+Advisory+for+Adobe+Flash+Player%2C+Adobe+Reader+and+Acrobat&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.adobe.com%2Fsupport%2Fsecurity%2Fadvisories%2Fapsa10-05.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-143"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-143"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mobilecrunch.com/2010/10/29/flash-vulnerability-revealed-for-android-fix-coming-november-9th/">"Flash vulnerability revealed for Android, fix coming November 9th"</A>. <A href="/wiki/MobileCrunch" class="mw-redirect" title="MobileCrunch">MobileCrunch</A>. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101031004437/http://www.mobilecrunch.com/2010/10/29/flash-vulnerability-revealed-for-android-fix-coming-november-9th/">Archived</A> from the original on October 31, 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">October 31,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flash+vulnerability+revealed+for+Android%2C+fix+coming+November+9th&rft.pub=MobileCrunch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mobilecrunch.com%2F2010%2F10%2F29%2Fflash-vulnerability-revealed-for-android-fix-coming-november-9th%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-144"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-144"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/support/security/bulletins/apsb13-04.html">"Security updates available for Adobe Flash Player"</A>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A>. February 7, 2013<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">July 7,</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Security+updates+available+for+Adobe+Flash+Player&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft.date=2013-02-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.adobe.com%2Fsupport%2Fsecurity%2Fbulletins%2Fapsb13-04.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-145"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-145"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/support/security/bulletins/apsb13-09.html">"Security updates available for Adobe Flash Player"</A>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A>. March 12, 2013<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">July 7,</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Security+updates+available+for+Adobe+Flash+Player&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft.date=2013-03-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.adobe.com%2Fsupport%2Fsecurity%2Fbulletins%2Fapsb13-09.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-146"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-146"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100425183113/http://www4.symantec.com/Vrt/wl?tu_id=SUKX1271711282503126202">"Internet Security Threat Report: Volume XV: April 2010"</A>. Symantec. April 2010. pp. 37, 40, 42. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www4.symantec.com/Vrt/wl?tu_id=SUKX1271711282503126202">the original</A> on April 25, 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 9,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Internet+Security+Threat+Report%3A+Volume+XV%3A+April+2010&rft.pages=37%2C+40%2C+42&rft.pub=Symantec&rft.date=2010-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww4.symantec.com%2FVrt%2Fwl%3Ftu_id%3DSUKX1271711282503126202&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-147"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-147"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/35759">"Adobe Acrobat, Reader, and Flash Player Remote Code Execution Vulnerability"</A>. October 15, 2009<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 9,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adobe+Acrobat%2C+Reader%2C+and+Flash+Player+Remote+Code+Execution+Vulnerability&rft.date=2009-10-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.securityfocus.com%2Fbid%2F35759&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-148"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-148"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mcafee.com/us/local_content/reports/7985rpt_labs_threat-predict_0110_fnl_lores.pdf">"2010 Threat Predictions"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. McAfee Labs. December 2009. p. 2<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 9,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2010+Threat+Predictions&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=McAfee+Labs&rft.date=2009-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmcafee.com%2Fus%2Flocal_content%2Freports%2F7985rpt_labs_threat-predict_0110_fnl_lores.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN><SUP class="noprint Inline-Template"><SPAN style="white-space: nowrap;">[<I><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><SPAN title=" Dead link since October 2016">permanent dead link</SPAN></A></I>]</SPAN></SUP></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-149"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-149"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100215182751/http://www.mcafee.com/us/local_content/reports/threats_2009Q4_final.pdf">"McAfee Threats Report: Fourth quarter 2009"</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN>. McAfee Avert Labs. February 2010. p. 16. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mcafee.com/us/local_content/reports/threats_2009Q4_final.pdf">the original</A> <SPAN style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</SPAN> on February 15, 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 9,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=McAfee+Threats+Report%3A+Fourth+quarter+2009&rft.pages=16&rft.pub=McAfee+Avert+Labs&rft.date=2010-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmcafee.com%2Fus%2Flocal_content%2Freports%2Fthreats_2009Q4_final.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-ksn-q312-report-150"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-ksn-q312-report_150-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-ksn-q312-report_150-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.securelist.com/en/analysis/204792250/IT_Threat_Evolution_Q3_2012">"IT Threat Evolution: Q3 2012"</A>. Kaspersky Lab ZAO. November 1, 2012<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">November 2,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IT+Threat+Evolution%3A+Q3+2012&rft.pub=Kaspersky+Lab+ZAO&rft.date=2012-11-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.securelist.com%2Fen%2Fanalysis%2F204792250%2FIT_Threat_Evolution_Q3_2012&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-thoughtsonflash-151"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-thoughtsonflash_151-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-thoughtsonflash_151-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A href="/wiki/Steve_Jobs" title="Steve Jobs">Steve Jobs</A> (April 29, 2010). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apple.com/hotnews/thoughts-on-flash/">"Thoughts on Flash"</A>. Apple. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100501010616/http://www.apple.com/hotnews/thoughts-on-flash/">Archived</A> from the original on May 1, 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 9,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Thoughts+on+Flash&rft.pub=Apple&rft.date=2010-04-29&rft.au=Steve+Jobs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.apple.com%2Fhotnews%2Fthoughts-on-flash%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-152"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-152"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/choice/flash.html">future of Flash</A>. Adobe (July 14, 2009). Retrieved on March 11, 2011.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-153"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-153"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eval.symantec.com/mktginfo/enterprise/white_papers/b-whitepaper_internet_security_threat_report_xv_04-2010.en-us.pdf">Symantec Global Internet Threat Report for 2009</A>, page 40, "In 2009, Symantec documented 321 vulnerabilities affecting plug-ins for Web browsers (figure 9). ActiveX technologies were affected by 134 vulnerabilities, which was the highest among the plug-in technologies examined. Of the remaining technologies, Java SE had 84 vulnerabilities, Adobe Reader had 49 vulnerabilities, QuickTime had 27 vulnerabilities, and Adobe Flash Player was subject to 23 vulnerabilities. The remaining four vulnerabilities affected extensions for Firefox."</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-154"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-154"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.securityweek.com/adobe-patches-flash-zero-day-exploited-magnitude-ek">"Adobe Patches Flash Zero-Day Exploited by Magnitude EK"</A>. April 7, 2016<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">April 25,</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adobe+Patches+Flash+Zero-Day+Exploited+by+Magnitude+EK&rft.date=2016-04-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.securityweek.com%2Fadobe-patches-flash-zero-day-exploited-magnitude-ek&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-155"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-155"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/flash-player/apsa16-01.html">"Security Advisory for Adobe Flash Player"</A>. April 5, 2016<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">April 25,</SPAN> 2016</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Security+Advisory+for+Adobe+Flash+Player&rft.date=2016-04-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhelpx.adobe.com%2Fsecurity%2Fproducts%2Fflash-player%2Fapsa16-01.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-156"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-156"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.adobe.com/flashplayer/2012/07/premium-features-update.html">Update: Premium Features for Flash Player</A>, Adobe AIR and FP Blog</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-157"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-157"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150205223510/http://asvguy.com/2012/03/why-will-premium-flash-player-features-kill-flash.html">"Why will Premium Flash Player Features Kill Flash?"</A>. ASVGuy. March 10, 2012. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://asvguy.com/2012/03/why-will-premium-flash-player-features-kill-flash.html">the original</A> on February 5, 2015<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">February 21,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Why+will+Premium+Flash+Player+Features+Kill+Flash%3F&rft.pub=ASVGuy&rft.date=2012-03-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fasvguy.com%2F2012%2F03%2Fwhy-will-premium-flash-player-features-kill-flash.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-158"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-158"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Shankland, Stephen (March 28, 2014). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnet.com/news/adobe-to-charge-flash-coders-to-use-premium-features/">"Adobe to charge Flash coders to use 'premium' features"</A>. CNET<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">February 21,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adobe+to+charge+Flash+coders+to+use+%27premium%27+features&rft.pub=CNET&rft.date=2014-03-28&rft.aulast=Shankland&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnet.com%2Fnews%2Fadobe-to-charge-flash-coders-to-use-premium-features%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-159"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-159"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150205215645/http://asvguy.com/2012/04/and-then-premium-features-arrived.html">"And Then Premium Features Arrived…"</A>. ASVGuy. April 5, 2012. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://asvguy.com/2012/04/and-then-premium-features-arrived.html">the original</A> on February 5, 2015<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">February 21,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=And+Then+Premium+Features+Arrived%E2%80%A6&rft.pub=ASVGuy&rft.date=2012-04-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fasvguy.com%2F2012%2F04%2Fand-then-premium-features-arrived.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-160"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-160"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/devnet/flashplayer/articles/premium-features.html">Adobe Premium Features for Flash Player</A>, Flash Player Dev Center, Adobe</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-161"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-161"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Cassella, Dena (February 1, 2010). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/steve-jobs-unleashes-his-fury-during-town-hall-meeting/">"Steve Jobs Unleashes His Fury During Town Hall Meeting"</A>. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100206123547/http://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/steve-jobs-unleashes-his-fury-during-town-hall-meeting/">Archived</A> from the original on February 6, 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">February 22,</SPAN> 2010</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Steve+Jobs+Unleashes+His+Fury+During+Town+Hall+Meeting&rft.date=2010-02-01&rft.aulast=Cassella&rft.aufirst=Dena&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.digitaltrends.com%2Fcomputing%2Fsteve-jobs-unleashes-his-fury-during-town-hall-meeting%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-162"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-162"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Richmond, Shane. (April 30, 2010) <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/technology/shanerichmond/100005034/adobe-hits-back-at-apples-smokescreen/">Adobe hits back at Apple's 'smokescreen' – Telegraph Blogs</A>. Blogs.telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved on March 11, 2011.</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-163"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-163"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://youtube-global.blogspot.com/2010/07/youtube-mobile-gets-kick-start.html">YouTube Mobile gets a kick start</A>, Official YouTube Blog</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-164"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-164"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Macromedia, Inc. (March 4, 2002) <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060618191724/http://www.adobe.com/macromedia/proom/pr/2002/flash_mx_video.html">Macromedia and Sorenson Media bring video to Macromedia Flash content and applications</A>, Retrieved on August 9, 2009</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-165"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-165"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070602174522/http://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/pressroom/pressreleases/200512/120505AdobeAcquiresMacromedia.html">"Adobe Completes Acquisition of Macromedia"</A>. Adobe Systems. December 5, 2005. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/pressroom/pressreleases/200512/120505AdobeAcquiresMacromedia.html">the original</A> on June 2, 2007<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">June 18,</SPAN> 2007</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adobe+Completes+Acquisition+of+Macromedia&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft.date=2005-12-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.adobe.com%2Faboutadobe%2Fpressroom%2Fpressreleases%2F200512%2F120505AdobeAcquiresMacromedia.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-166"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-166"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Huang, Emmy (November 15, 2006). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070625075832/http://weblogs.macromedia.com/emmy/archives/2006/11/flash_player_9_4.cfm">"Flash Player 9 Update (9.0.28.0) release now available for Windows and Macintosh"</A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.adobe.com/emmy/2006/11/flash_player_9_4.html">the original</A> on June 25, 2007<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">January 23,</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flash+Player+9+Update+%289.0.28.0%29+release+now+available+for+Windows+and+Macintosh&rft.date=2006-11-15&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Emmy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.adobe.com%2Femmy%2F2006%2F11%2Fflash_player_9_4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-167"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-167"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/devnet/flashplayer/articles/full_screen_mode.html">"Exploring full-screen mode in Flash Player 9"</A>. Adobe Developer Center. December 3, 2007<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">April 10,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Exploring+full-screen+mode+in+Flash+Player+9&rft.pub=Adobe+Developer+Center&rft.date=2007-12-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.adobe.com%2Fdevnet%2Fflashplayer%2Farticles%2Ffull_screen_mode.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-168"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-168"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Melanson, Mike (December 4, 2007). <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100907232212/http://blogs.adobe.com/penguinswf/2007/12/flash_player_9_update_3_final.html">"Flash Player 9 Update 3 (Final)"</A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.adobe.com/penguinswf/2007/12/flash_player_9_update_3_final.html">the original</A> on September 7, 2010<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">January 23,</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flash+Player+9+Update+3+%28Final%29&rft.date=2007-12-04&rft.aulast=Melanson&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.adobe.com%2Fpenguinswf%2F2007%2F12%2Fflash_player_9_update_3_final.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-169"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-169"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Adobe press release: <CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071212234753/http://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/pressroom/pressreleases/200712/120407adobemoviestar.html">"Archived copy"</A>. Archived from <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/pressroom/pressreleases/200712/120407adobemoviestar.html">the original</A> on December 12, 2007<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">December 14,</SPAN> 2007</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.adobe.com%2Faboutadobe%2Fpressroom%2Fpressreleases%2F200712%2F120407adobemoviestar.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-adobe-codecs-170"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-adobe-codecs_170-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Adobe Systems Incorporated (December 3, 2007) <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kb2.adobe.com/cps/402/kb402866.html">List of codecs supported by Adobe Flash Player</A>, Retrieved on August 5, 2009</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-171"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-171"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web">Halfast, Todd. <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.adobe.com/flashplayer/2010/06/flash_player_101_now_available.html">"Flash Player 10.1 Now Available for Windows, Mac, and Linux " Adobe AIR and Adobe Flash Player Team Blog"</A>. Blogs.adobe.com<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">April 10,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flash+Player+10.1+Now+Available+for+Windows%2C+Mac%2C+and+Linux+%22+Adobe+AIR+and+Adobe+Flash+Player+Team+Blog&rft.pub=Blogs.adobe.com&rft.aulast=Halfast&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.adobe.com%2Fflashplayer%2F2010%2F06%2Fflash_player_101_now_available.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-172"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-172"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kb2.adobe.com/cps/901/cpsid_90194.html#main_new">"features Flash Player 10.3 Release Notes"</A>. Kb2.adobe.com<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">April 10,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=features+Flash+Player+10.3+Release+Notes&rft.pub=Kb2.adobe.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkb2.adobe.com%2Fcps%2F901%2Fcpsid_90194.html%23main_new&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-173"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-173"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kb2.adobe.com/cps/919/cpsid_91932.html#main_new_features">"Flash Player 11 and AIR 3 Release Notes: 10/04/11"</A>. Kb2.adobe.com<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">April 10,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flash+Player+11+and+AIR+3+Release+Notes%3A+10%2F04%2F11&rft.pub=Kb2.adobe.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkb2.adobe.com%2Fcps%2F919%2Fcpsid_91932.html%23main_new_features&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-174"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-174"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/newsletters/inspire/january2011/articles/article1/index.html">Introducing Molehill: 3D APIs for Adobe Flash Player and Adobe AIR</A> <A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120708084839/http://www.adobe.com/newsletters/inspire/january2011/articles/article1/index.html">Archived</A> July 8, 2012, at the <A href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</A>., Adobe Edge</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-175"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-175"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/devnet/air/articles/extending-air.html">Extending AIR</A>, Adobe Devnet</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-176"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-176"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kb2.adobe.com/cps/923/cpsid_92359.html#main_new_features">"Flash Player 11.1 and AIR 3.1 User Release Notes: 11/09/11"</A>. Kb2.adobe.com<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">April 10,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flash+Player+11.1+and+AIR+3.1+User+Release+Notes%3A+11%2F09%2F11&rft.pub=Kb2.adobe.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkb2.adobe.com%2Fcps%2F923%2Fcpsid_92359.html%23main_new_features&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-177"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-177"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.adobe.com/digitalmedia/2012/03/adobe-introduces-premium-features-for-gaming-with-flash-player-11-2-announces-collaboration-with-unity-technologies-2/">"Adobe Introduces Premium Features for Gaming with Flash Player 11.2; Announces Collaboration with Unity Technologies"</A>. adobe.com<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 18,</SPAN> 2012</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adobe+Introduces+Premium+Features+for+Gaming+with+Flash+Player+11.2%3B+Announces+Collaboration+with+Unity+Technologies&rft.pub=adobe.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.adobe.com%2Fdigitalmedia%2F2012%2F03%2Fadobe-introduces-premium-features-for-gaming-with-flash-player-11-2-announces-collaboration-with-unity-technologies-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-adobe-178"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <A href="#cite_ref-adobe_178-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up to: </SPAN><SUP><I><B>a</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-adobe_178-1"><SUP><I><B>b</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-adobe_178-2"><SUP><I><B>c</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-adobe_178-3"><SUP><I><B>d</B></I></SUP></A> <A href="#cite_ref-adobe_178-4"><SUP><I><B>e</B></I></SUP></A></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/devnet/articles/flashplayer-air-feature-list.html">"Flash Player and Adobe AIR feature list"</A>. adobe.com<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">May 9,</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flash+Player+and+Adobe+AIR+feature+list&rft.pub=adobe.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.adobe.com%2Fdevnet%2Farticles%2Fflashplayer-air-feature-list.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-179"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-179"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forums.adobe.com/message/5843868">"Flash Player 12.0.0.3"</A>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A>. November 14, 2013<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">December 22,</SPAN> 2013</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flash+Player+12.0.0.3&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft.date=2013-11-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fforums.adobe.com%2Fmessage%2F5843868&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-beta-180"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-beta_180-0"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://labs.adobe.com/downloads/flashplayer.html">"Adobe Labs Downloads"</A>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe</A>. April 22, 2015<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">April 25,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adobe+Labs+Downloads&rft.pub=Adobe&rft.date=2015-04-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flabs.adobe.com%2Fdownloads%2Fflashplayer.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-181"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-181"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forums.adobe.com/message/6063387">"Flash Player 13.0.0.80"</A>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A>. January 28, 2014<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">February 18,</SPAN> 2014</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flash+Player+13.0.0.80&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft.date=2014-01-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fforums.adobe.com%2Fmessage%2F6063387&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-182"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-182"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://forums.adobe.com/message/6633623#6633623">"8/12/2014 – Release – Flash Player 14"</A>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A>. August 12, 2014<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">January 12,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=8%2F12%2F2014+%E2%80%93+Release+%E2%80%93+Flash+Player+14&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft.date=2014-08-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforums.adobe.com%2Fmessage%2F6633623%236633623&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-183"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-183"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://forums.adobe.com/message/6919568#6919568">"11/11/2014 – Release – Flash Player 15"</A>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A>. November 11, 2014<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">January 12,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=11%2F11%2F2014+%E2%80%93+Release+%E2%80%93+Flash+Player+15&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft.date=2014-11-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforums.adobe.com%2Fmessage%2F6919568%236919568&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-184"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-184"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://forums.adobe.com/message/6999464#6999464">"12/9/2014 – Release – Flash Player 16"</A>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A>. December 9, 2014<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">January 12,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=12%2F9%2F2014+%E2%80%93+Release+%E2%80%93+Flash+Player+16&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft.date=2014-12-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforums.adobe.com%2Fmessage%2F6999464%236999464&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-185"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-185"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://forums.adobe.com/thread/1736527">"12/3/2015 – Release – Flash Player 17"</A>. <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A>. March 12, 2014<SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">March 13,</SPAN> 2015</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=12%2F3%2F2015+%E2%80%93+Release+%E2%80%93+Flash+Player+17&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems&rft.date=2014-03-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforums.adobe.com%2Fthread%2F1736527&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-186"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-186"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><CITE class="citation web"><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/flash-player/apsb15-11.html">"Adobe Security Bulletin"</A><SPAN class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <SPAN class="nowrap">March 25,</SPAN> 2017</SPAN>.</CITE><SPAN title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adobe+Security+Bulletin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhelpx.adobe.com%2Fsecurity%2Fproducts%2Fflash-player%2Fapsb15-11.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdobe+Flash+Player" class="Z3988"><SPAN style="display:none;"> </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></LI>
</OL>
</DIV>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Further_reading">Further reading</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<UL>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/devnet/scout/articles/understanding-flashplayer-with-scout.html">Understanding Flash Player with Adobe Scout</A> – an article discussing the internals of the player and the <A href="/wiki/Adobe_Scout" title="Adobe Scout">Adobe Scout</A> profiling tool</LI>
</UL>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=Adobe_Flash_Player&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: External links">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<UL>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/products/flash/about/">Adobe Flash Player</A></LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://flashtester.org">Flash Tester</A> (explains official old working version check)</LI>
</UL>
<DIV role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Adobe_Flash" style="padding:3px">
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<DIV id="Adobe_Flash" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash" title="Adobe Flash">Adobe Flash</A></DIV>
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</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/File_format" title="File format">File<BR />
formats</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/ActionScript" title="ActionScript">ActionScript</A> <SPAN style="font-size:90%;">(AS)</SPAN></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Action_Message_Format" title="Action Message Format">Action Message Format</A> <SPAN style="font-size:90%;">(AMF)</SPAN></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Flash_Video" title="Flash Video">Flash Video</A> <SPAN style="font-size:90%;">(FLV)</SPAN></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/FXG" title="FXG">Flash XML Graphics</A> <SPAN style="font-size:90%;">(FXG)</SPAN></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Local_shared_object" title="Local shared object">Local shared objects</A> <SPAN style="font-size:90%;">(LSOs)</SPAN></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/MXML" title="MXML">MXML</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/SWF" title="SWF">Flash Movie</A> <SPAN style="font-size:90%;">(SWF)</SPAN></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_SWC_file" title="Adobe SWC file">Flash Code Library</A> <SPAN style="font-size:90%;">(SWC)</SPAN></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
<TD class="navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px">
<DIV><A href="/wiki/File:Adobe_Flash_Player_v11_icon.png" class="image"><IMG alt="Adobe Flash Player v11 icon.png" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Adobe_Flash_Player_v11_icon.png/80px-Adobe_Flash_Player_v11_icon.png" width="80" height="80" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Adobe_Flash_Player_v11_icon.png/120px-Adobe_Flash_Player_v11_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Adobe_Flash_Player_v11_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></A></DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Software<BR />
(<A href="/wiki/List_of_Adobe_Flash_software" title="List of Adobe Flash software">list</A>)</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV>
<TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0">
<TBODY><TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Players</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_AIR" title="Adobe AIR">Adobe AIR</A></LI>
<LI><A class="mw-selflink selflink">Adobe Flash Player</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/OpenFL" title="OpenFL">OpenFL</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gnash_(software)" title="Gnash (software)">Gnash</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Lightspark" title="Lightspark">Lightspark</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Gameswf" title="Gameswf">Gameswf</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Tamarin_(software)" title="Tamarin (software)">Tamarin</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/List_of_2D_animation_software" title="List of 2D animation software">Animation<BR />
tools</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Animate" title="Adobe Animate">Adobe Animate</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Toon_Boom_Animation" title="Toon Boom Animation">Toon Boom</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Moho_(Anime_Studio)" title="Moho (Anime Studio)">Moho</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/GoAnimate" title="GoAnimate">GoAnimate</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Stencyl" title="Stencyl">Stencyl</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Integrated_development_environment" title="Integrated development environment">Programming<BR />
tools</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/FlashDevelop" title="FlashDevelop">FlashDevelop</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Powerflasher_FDT" title="Powerflasher FDT">Powerflasher FDT</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Apache_Flex" title="Apache Flex">Apache Flex</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Haxe" title="Haxe">Haxe</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/CrossBridge" title="CrossBridge">CrossBridge</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Scout" title="Adobe Scout">Adobe Scout</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Firebug_(software)#FlashFirebug" title="Firebug (software)">FlashFirebug</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/Library_(computing)" title="Library (computing)">Libraries</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Starling_Framework" title="Starling Framework">Starling Framework</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Away3D" title="Away3D">Away3D</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Flare3D" title="Flare3D">Flare3D</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Stage3D" title="Stage3D">Stage3D</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/PureMVC" title="PureMVC">PureMVC</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ming_library" title="Ming library">Ming</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_Flex_frameworks" title="List of Flex frameworks">List of Flex frameworks</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Converters</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Media_Live_Encoder" title="Adobe Flash Media Live Encoder">Adobe Flash Media Live Encoder</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/SWFTools" title="SWFTools">SWFTools</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Swfmill" title="Swfmill">swfmill</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Google_Swiffy" title="Google Swiffy">Google Swiffy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Wallaby" title="Adobe Wallaby">Adobe Wallaby</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Server-side</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Media_Server" title="Adobe Flash Media Server">Adobe Flash Media Server</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Obsolete<BR />
software</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Builder" title="Adobe Flash Builder">Adobe Flash Builder</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Catalyst" title="Adobe Flash Catalyst">Adobe Flash Catalyst</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Lite" title="Adobe Flash Lite">Adobe Flash Lite</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/SWFAddress" title="SWFAddress">SWFAddress</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/SWFObject" title="SWFObject">SWFObject</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/MTASC" title="MTASC">MTASC</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Scaleform_GFx" title="Scaleform GFx">Scaleform GFx</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/SWiSH_Max" title="SWiSH Max">SWiSH Max</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Swift_3D" title="Swift 3D">Swift 3D</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Papervision3D" title="Papervision3D">Papervision3D</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Ajax_Animator" title="Ajax Animator">Ajax Animator</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Shumway_(software)" title="Shumway (software)">Shumway</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Swfdec" title="Swfdec">Swfdec</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/OpenLaszlo" title="OpenLaszlo">OpenLaszlo</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related<BR />
topics</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Comparison_of_HTML5_and_Flash" title="Comparison of HTML5 and Flash">Comparison of HTML5 and Flash</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Apple_and_Adobe_Flash_controversy" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple and Adobe Flash controversy">Apple and Adobe Flash controversy</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Flash_animation" title="Flash animation">Flash animation</A>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_Flash_animated_films" title="List of Flash animated films">films</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/List_of_Flash_animated_television_series" title="List of Flash animated television series">television</A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Protected_Streaming" title="Protected Streaming">Protected Streaming</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Real-Time_Messaging_Protocol" title="Real-Time Messaging Protocol">Real-Time Messaging Protocol</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Real-Time_Media_Flow_Protocol" title="Real-Time Media Flow Protocol">Real-Time Media Flow Protocol</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Developers</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/FutureWave_Software" title="FutureWave Software">FutureWave Software</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Macromedia" title="Macromedia">Macromedia</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A></LI>
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<DIV id="Adobe_Systems" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</A></DIV>
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<TR style="display: none;">
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><A href="/wiki/List_of_Adobe_software" title="List of Adobe software">Software</A></TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em"></DIV>
<TABLE class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0">
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<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Suites</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Creative_Cloud" title="Adobe Creative Cloud">Creative Cloud</A> (<A href="/wiki/Adobe_Creative_Suite" title="Adobe Creative Suite">Creative Suite</A>)</LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_eLearning_Suite" title="Adobe eLearning Suite">eLearning Suite</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Technical_Communication_Suite" title="Adobe Technical Communication Suite">Technical Communication Suite</A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
</TD>
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<TR>
<TH scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Desktop</TH>
<TD class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px">
<DIV style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Animate" title="Adobe Animate">Animate</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Acrobat" title="Adobe Acrobat">Acrobat</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_After_Effects" title="Adobe After Effects">After Effects</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Brackets_(text_editor)" title="Brackets (text editor)">Brackets</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Edge_Code" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Edge Code">Edge Code</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Edge_Reflow" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Edge Reflow">Edge Reflow</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Digital_Editions" title="Adobe Digital Editions">Digital Editions</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Director" title="Adobe Director">Director</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Dreamweaver" title="Adobe Dreamweaver">Dreamweaver</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_FrameMaker" title="Adobe FrameMaker">FrameMaker</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_FreeHand" title="Adobe FreeHand">FreeHand</A></LI>
<LI><A class="mw-selflink selflink">Flash Player</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Flex_Builder" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Flex Builder">Flex Builder</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_GoLive" title="Adobe GoLive">GoLive</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Illustrator" title="Adobe Illustrator">Illustrator</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_InDesign" title="Adobe InDesign">InDesign</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Media_Encoder" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Media Encoder">Media Encoder</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Media_Player" title="Adobe Media Player">Media Player</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Muse" title="Adobe Muse">Muse</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_PageMaker" title="Adobe PageMaker">PageMaker</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Photoshop" title="Adobe Photoshop">Photoshop</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Adobe_Photoshop_Lightroom" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Photoshop Lightroom">Photoshop Lightroom</A></LI>
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					<LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar"><A href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B4_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="أدوبي فلاش بلاير – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast"><A href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca"><A href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs"><A href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es"><A href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa"><A href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B4_%D9%BE%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="ادوبی فلش پلیر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr"><A href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko"><A href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%96%B4%EB%8F%84%EB%B9%84_%ED%94%8C%EB%9E%98%EC%8B%9C_%ED%94%8C%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B4" title="어도비 플래시 플레이어 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy"><A href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id"><A href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he"><A href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv"><A href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Jawa</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka"><A href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr"><A href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E2%80%8D%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%B6_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="अ‍ॅडोबे फ्लॅश प्लेयर – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms"><A href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl"><A href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl"><A href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt"><A href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro"><A href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk"><A href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi"><A href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv"><A href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta"><A href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="அடோபி பிளாசு பிளேயர் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th"><A href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5_%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%8A_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="อะโดบี แฟลช เพลย์เยอร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr"><A href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi"><A href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</A></LI><LI class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh"><A href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash_Player" title="Adobe Flash Player – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</A></LI>				</UL>
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document_title: Adobe Flash Player

token: Adobe

token: Flash

token: Player

token: wikipedia

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token: Original

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token: FutureWave

token: Macromedia

token: Developer

token: Systems

token: Initial

token: release

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token: Stable

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token: OS

token: January

token: days

token: Android

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token: Preview

question_text: what is the most current adobe flash player version