document_html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<HTML class="client-js ve-not-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"><HEAD>

<TITLE>National Senior Certificate - Wikipedia</TITLE>

<LINK rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?debug=false&lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cmediawiki.legacy.commonPrint%2Cshared%7Cmediawiki.sectionAnchor%7Cmediawiki.skinning.interface%7Cskins.vector.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector" />

<STYLE>
.referencetooltip{position:absolute;list-style:none;list-style-image:none;opacity:0;font-size:12px;margin:0;z-index:5;padding:0}.referencetooltip > li{background:#fff;border:1px solid #bbb;-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);-moz-box-shadow:0 0 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);box-shadow:0 0 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);margin:0;padding:8px 10px;line-height:18px;max-width:300px}.referencetooltip > li + li{box-sizing:border-box;margin-left:7px;margin-top:-1px;border:0;padding:0;height:3px;width:0;background-color:transparent;-webkit-box-shadow:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;border-top:12px #bbb solid;border-right:7px transparent solid;border-left:7px transparent solid}.referencetooltip > li + li::after{z-index:111;content:'';border:6px solid transparent;border-bottom:0;border-top:8px solid #fff;height:0;width:0;display:block;margin-left:-6px;margin-top:-12px}.RTflipped{padding-top:13px}.referencetooltip.RTflipped > li + li{position:absolute;top:0;border-top:0;border-bottom:12px #bbb solid}.referencetooltip.RTflipped > li + li::after{border-top:0;border-bottom:8px #fff solid;position:absolute;margin-top:7px}.RTsettings{ background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22utf-8%22%3F%3E%0D%0A%3C%21--%20Generator%3A%20Adobe%20Illustrator%2018.1.1%2C%20SVG%20Export%20Plug-In%20.%20SVG%20Version%3A%206.00%20Build%200%29%20%20--%3E%0D%0A%3C%21DOCTYPE%20svg%20PUBLIC%20%22-%2F%2FW3C%2F%2FDTD%20SVG%201.1%2F%2FEN%22%20%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2FGraphics%2FSVG%2F1.1%2FDTD%2Fsvg11.dtd%22%3E%0D%0A%3Csvg%20version%3D%221.1%22%20id%3D%22Layer_1%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20xmlns%3Axlink%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1999%2Fxlink%22%20x%3D%220px%22%20y%3D%220px%22%0D%0A%09%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2024%2024%22%20enable-background%3D%22new%200%200%2024%2024%22%20xml%3Aspace%3D%22preserve%22%3E%0D%0A%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%23555555%22%20d%3D%22M20%2C14.5v-2.9l-1.8-0.3c-0.1-0.4-0.3-0.8-0.6-1.4l1.1-1.5l-2.1-2.1l-1.5%2C1.1c-0.5-0.3-1-0.5-1.4-0.6L13.5%2C5h-2.9l-0.3%2C1.8%0D%0A%09C9.8%2C6.9%2C9.4%2C7.1%2C8.9%2C7.4L7.4%2C6.3L5.3%2C8.4l1%2C1.5c-0.3%2C0.5-0.4%2C0.9-0.6%2C1.4L4%2C11.5v2.9l1.8%2C0.3c0.1%2C0.5%2C0.3%2C0.9%2C0.6%2C1.4l-1%2C1.5%0D%0A%09l2.1%2C2.1l1.5-1c0.4%2C0.2%2C0.9%2C0.4%2C1.4%2C0.6l0.3%2C1.8h3l0.3-1.8c0.5-0.1%2C0.9-0.3%2C1.4-0.6l1.5%2C1.1l2.1-2.1l-1.1-1.5c0.3-0.5%2C0.5-1%2C0.6-1.4%0D%0A%09L20%2C14.5z%20M12%2C16c-1.7%2C0-3-1.3-3-3s1.3-3%2C3-3s3%2C1.3%2C3%2C3S13.7%2C16%2C12%2C16z%22%2F%3E%0D%0A%3C%2Fsvg%3E%0D%0A);  display:block;float:right;cursor:pointer;margin:0;margin-top:-4px;height:24px;width:24px;border-radius:2px;box-sizing:border-box;background-position:center center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:24px 24px;margin-left:8px}.RTsettings:hover{background-color:#eee}.RTTarget{background-color:#def}
.wp-teahouse-question-form{position:absolute;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;background-color:#f4f3f0;border:1px solid #a7d7f9;padding:1em}#wp-th-question-ask{float:right}.wp-teahouse-ask a.external{background-image:none !important}.wp-teahouse-respond-form{position:absolute;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;background-color:#f4f3f0;border:1px solid #a7d7f9;padding:1em}.wp-th-respond{float:right}.wp-teahouse-respond a.external{background-image:none !important}
.cite-accessibility-label{ top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px); position:absolute !important;padding:0 !important;border:0 !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important; overflow:hidden}
.mw-spinner{background-color:transparent;background-position:center center;background-repeat:no-repeat}.mw-spinner-small{background-image:url(data:image/gif;base64,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);background-image:url(/w/resources/src/jquery/images/spinner.gif?ca65b)!ie;height:20px;width:20px; min-width:20px}.mw-spinner-large{background-image:url(data:image/gif;base64,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);background-image:url(/w/resources/src/jquery/images/spinner-large.gif?57f34)!ie;height:32px;width:32px; min-width:32px}.mw-spinner-block{display:block; width:100%}.mw-spinner-inline{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle; zoom:1;*display:inline; }
.suggestions{overflow:hidden;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:0;border:0;z-index:1099;padding:0;margin:-1px 0 0 0}.suggestions-special{position:relative;background-color:#fff;cursor:pointer;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0;margin-top:-2px;display:none;padding:0.25em 0.25em;line-height:1.25em}.suggestions-results{background-color:#fff;cursor:pointer;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0;margin:0}.suggestions-result{color:#000;margin:0;line-height:1.5em;padding:0.01em 0.25em;text-align:left; overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap}.suggestions-result-current{background-color:#2a4b8d;color:#fff}.suggestions-special .special-label{color:#72777d;text-align:left}.suggestions-special .special-query{color:#000;font-style:italic;text-align:left}.suggestions-special .special-hover{background-color:#c8ccd1}.suggestions-result-current .special-label,.suggestions-result-current .special-query{color:#fff}.highlight{font-weight:bold}
@media screen {
	.tochidden,.toctoggle{-moz-user-select:none;-webkit-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none}.toctoggle{font-size:94%}}
@media print {
	.toc.tochidden,.toctoggle{display:none}}
.uls-menu{border-radius:2px; font-size:medium}.uls-search,.uls-language-settings-close-block{border-top-right-radius:2px;border-top-left-radius:2px}.uls-language-list{border-bottom-right-radius:2px;border-bottom-left-radius:2px}.uls-menu.callout:before,.uls-menu.callout:after{border-top:10px solid transparent;border-bottom:10px solid transparent;display:inline-block; top:17px;position:absolute;content:''}.uls-menu.callout.selector-right:before{ border-left:10px solid #c8ccd1; right:-11px}.uls-menu.callout.selector-right:after{ border-left:10px solid #f8f9fa; right:-10px}.uls-menu.callout.selector-left:before{ border-right:10px solid #c8ccd1; left:-11px}.uls-menu.callout.selector-left:after{ border-right:10px solid #f8f9fa; left:-10px}.uls-ui-languages button{margin:5px 15px 5px 0;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden}.uls-search-wrapper-wrapper{position:relative;padding-left:40px;margin-top:5px;margin-bottom:5px}.uls-icon-back{background:transparent url(/w/extensions/UniversalLanguageSelector/resources/images/back-grey-ltr.png?90e9b) no-repeat scroll center center;background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(/w/extensions/UniversalLanguageSelector/resources/images/back-grey-ltr.svg?e226b);background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2224%22 height=%2224%22 viewBox=%220 0 24 24%22%3E %3Cpath fill=%22%2354595d%22 d=%22M7 13.1l8.9 8.9c.8-.8.8-2 0-2.8l-6.1-6.1 6-6.1c.8-.8.8-2 0-2.8L7 13.1z%22/%3E %3C/svg%3E");background-size:28px;background-position:center center;height:32px;width:40px;display:block;position:absolute;left:0;border-right:1px solid #c8ccd1;opacity:0.8}.uls-icon-back:hover{opacity:1;cursor:pointer}.uls-menu .uls-no-results-view .uls-no-found-more{background-color:#fff}.uls-menu .uls-no-results-view h3{padding:0 28px;margin:0;color:#54595d;font-size:1em;font-weight:normal}  .skin-vector .uls-menu{border-color:#c8ccd1;-webkit-box-shadow:0 2px 2px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.25);box-shadow:0 2px 2px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.25);font-size:0.875em}.skin-vector .uls-search{border-bottom-color:#c8ccd1}.skin-vector .uls-filtersuggestion{color:#72777d}.skin-vector .uls-lcd-region-title{color:#54595d}
.mw-editfont-monospace{font-family:monospace,monospace}.mw-editfont-sans-serif{font-family:sans-serif}.mw-editfont-serif{font-family:serif} .mw-editfont-monospace,.mw-editfont-sans-serif,.mw-editfont-serif{font-size:13px; }.mw-editfont-monospace.oo-ui-textInputWidget,.mw-editfont-sans-serif.oo-ui-textInputWidget,.mw-editfont-serif.oo-ui-textInputWidget{font-size:inherit}.mw-editfont-monospace > .oo-ui-inputWidget-input,.mw-editfont-sans-serif > .oo-ui-inputWidget-input,.mw-editfont-serif > .oo-ui-inputWidget-input{font-size:13px}
@-webkit-keyframes centralAuthPPersonalAnimation{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translateY(-20px)}100%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translateY(0)}}@-moz-keyframes centralAuthPPersonalAnimation{0%{opacity:0;-moz-transform:translateY(-20px)}100%{opacity:1;-moz-transform:translateY(0)}}@-o-keyframes centralAuthPPersonalAnimation{0%{opacity:0;-o-transform:translateY(-20px)}100%{opacity:1;-o-transform:translateY(0)}}@keyframes centralAuthPPersonalAnimation{0%{opacity:0;transform:translateY(-20px)}100%{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0)}}.centralAuthPPersonalAnimation{-webkit-animation-duration:1s;-moz-animation-duration:1s;-o-animation-duration:1s;animation-duration:1s;-webkit-animation-fill-mode:both;-moz-animation-fill-mode:both;-o-animation-fill-mode:both;animation-fill-mode:both;-webkit-animation-name:centralAuthPPersonalAnimation;-moz-animation-name:centralAuthPPersonalAnimation;-o-animation-name:centralAuthPPersonalAnimation;animation-name:centralAuthPPersonalAnimation}
@media print{#centralNotice{display:none}}.cn-closeButton{display:inline-block;zoom:1;background:url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABQAAAAUBAMAAAB/pwA+AAAAElBMVEUAAAAQEBDPz88AAABAQEDv7+9oe1vvAAAABnRSTlMA3rLe3rJS22KzAAAARElEQVQI12PAAUIUQCSTK5BwFgIxFU1AhKECUFAYKAAioXwwBeZChMGCEGGQIFQYJohgIhQgtCEMQ7ECYTHCOciOxA4AADgJTXIb9s8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=) no-repeat;background:url(/w/extensions/CentralNotice/resources/subscribing/close.png?8e3d8) no-repeat!ie;width:20px;height:20px;text-indent:20px;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden}
.mw-ui-button{font-family:inherit;font-size:1em;display:inline-block;min-width:4em;max-width:28.75em;padding:0.546875em 1em;line-height:1.286;margin:0;border-radius:2px;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-appearance:none;*display:inline; zoom:1;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#f8f9fa;color:#222222;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;text-align:center;font-weight:bold;cursor:pointer}.mw-ui-button:visited{color:#222222}.mw-ui-button:hover{background-color:#ffffff;color:#444444;border-color:#a2a9b1}.mw-ui-button:focus{background-color:#ffffff;color:#222222;border-color:#3366cc;box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px #3366cc,inset 0 0 0 2px #ffffff}.mw-ui-button:active,.mw-ui-button.is-on,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-checked{background-color:#d9d9d9;color:#000000;border-color:#72777d;box-shadow:none}.mw-ui-button:disabled{background-color:#c8ccd1;color:#fff;border-color:#c8ccd1}.mw-ui-button:disabled:hover,.mw-ui-button:disabled:active{background-color:#c8ccd1;color:#fff;box-shadow:none;border-color:#c8ccd1}.mw-ui-button:focus{outline-width:0}.mw-ui-button:focus::-moz-focus-inner{border-color:transparent;padding:0}.mw-ui-button:not(:disabled){-webkit-transition:background-color 100ms,color 100ms,border-color 100ms,box-shadow 100ms;-moz-transition:background-color 100ms,color 100ms,border-color 100ms,box-shadow 100ms;transition:background-color 100ms,color 100ms,border-color 100ms,box-shadow 100ms}.mw-ui-button:disabled{text-shadow:none;cursor:default}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-big{font-size:1.3em}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-block{display:block;width:100%;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive{background-color:#3366cc;color:#fff;border:1px solid #3366cc}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive:hover{background-color:#447ff5;border-color:#447ff5}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive:focus{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px #3366cc,inset 0 0 0 2px #ffffff}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive:active,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive.is-on,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive.mw-ui-checked{background-color:#2a4b8d;border-color:#2a4b8d;box-shadow:none}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive:disabled{background-color:#c8ccd1;color:#fff;border-color:#c8ccd1}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive:disabled:hover,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive:disabled:active,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive:disabled.mw-ui-checked{background-color:#c8ccd1;color:#fff;border-color:#c8ccd1;box-shadow:none}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive.mw-ui-quiet{color:#222222}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive.mw-ui-quiet:hover{background-color:transparent;color:#447ff5}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive.mw-ui-quiet:active,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive.mw-ui-quiet.mw-ui-checked{color:#2a4b8d}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive.mw-ui-quiet:focus{background-color:transparent;color:#3366cc}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive.mw-ui-quiet:disabled{color:#c8ccd1}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive{background-color:#dd3333;color:#fff;border:1px solid #dd3333}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive:hover{background-color:#ff4242;border-color:#ff4242}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive:focus{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px #dd3333,inset 0 0 0 2px #ffffff}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive:active,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive.is-on,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive.mw-ui-checked{background-color:#b32424;border-color:#b32424;box-shadow:none}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive:disabled{background-color:#c8ccd1;color:#fff;border-color:#c8ccd1}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive:disabled:hover,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive:disabled:active,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive:disabled.mw-ui-checked{background-color:#c8ccd1;color:#fff;border-color:#c8ccd1;box-shadow:none}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive.mw-ui-quiet{color:#222222}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive.mw-ui-quiet:hover{background-color:transparent;color:#ff4242}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive.mw-ui-quiet:active,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive.mw-ui-quiet.mw-ui-checked{color:#b32424}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive.mw-ui-quiet:focus{background-color:transparent;color:#dd3333}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive.mw-ui-quiet:disabled{color:#c8ccd1}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet{background:transparent;border:0;text-shadow:none;color:#222222}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet:hover{background-color:transparent;color:#444444}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet:active,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet.mw-ui-checked{color:#000000}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet:focus{background-color:transparent;color:#222222}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet:disabled{color:#c8ccd1}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet:hover,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet:focus{box-shadow:none}.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet:active,.mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet:disabled{background:transparent}input.mw-ui-button::-moz-focus-inner,button.mw-ui-button::-moz-focus-inner{margin-top:-1px;margin-bottom:-1px}a.mw-ui-button{text-decoration:none}a.mw-ui-button:hover,a.mw-ui-button:focus{text-decoration:none}.mw-ui-button-group > *{min-width:48px;border-radius:0;float:left}.mw-ui-button-group > *:first-child{border-top-left-radius:2px;border-bottom-left-radius:2px}.mw-ui-button-group > *:not(:first-child){border-left:0}.mw-ui-button-group > *:last-child{border-top-right-radius:2px;border-bottom-right-radius:2px}.mw-ui-button-group .is-on .button{cursor:default}
.mw-ui-icon{position:relative;line-height:1.5em;min-height:1.5em;min-width:1.5em}span.mw-ui-icon{display:inline-block}.mw-ui-icon.mw-ui-icon-element{text-indent:-999px;overflow:hidden;width:3.5em;min-width:3.5em;max-width:3.5em}.mw-ui-icon.mw-ui-icon-element:before{left:0;right:0;position:absolute;margin:0 1em}.mw-ui-icon.mw-ui-icon-element.mw-ui-icon-large{width:4.625em;min-width:4.625em;max-width:4.625em;line-height:4.625em;min-height:4.625em}.mw-ui-icon.mw-ui-icon-element.mw-ui-icon-large:before{min-height:4.625em}.mw-ui-icon.mw-ui-icon-before:before,.mw-ui-icon.mw-ui-icon-element:before{background-position:50% 50%;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:100% auto;float:left;display:block;min-height:1.5em;content:''}.mw-ui-icon.mw-ui-icon-before:before{position:relative;width:1.5em;margin-right:1em}.mw-ui-icon.mw-ui-icon-small:before{background-size:66.67% auto}
.mw-ui-icon-popups-settings:before{background-image:url(/w/load.php?modules=ext.popups.images&image=popups-settings&format=rasterized&lang=en&skin=vector&version=0fko0iy);background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 viewBox=%220 0 24 24%22%3E %3Cpath fill=%22%2354595d%22 d=%22M20 14.5v-2.9l-1.8-.3c-.1-.4-.3-.8-.6-1.4l1.1-1.5-2.1-2.1-1.5 1.1c-.5-.3-1-.5-1.4-.6L13.5 5h-2.9l-.3 1.8c-.5.1-.9.3-1.4.6L7.4 6.3 5.3 8.4l1 1.5c-.3.5-.4.9-.6 1.4l-1.7.2v2.9l1.8.3c.1.5.3.9.6 1.4l-1 1.5 2.1 2.1 1.5-1c.4.2.9.4 1.4.6l.3 1.8h3l.3-1.8c.5-.1.9-.3 1.4-.6l1.5 1.1 2.1-2.1-1.1-1.5c.3-.5.5-1 .6-1.4l1.5-.3zM12 16c-1.7 0-3-1.3-3-3s1.3-3 3-3 3 1.3 3 3-1.3 3-3 3z%22/%3E %3C/svg%3E")}.mw-ui-icon-popups-close:before{background-image:url(/w/load.php?modules=ext.popups.images&image=popups-close&format=rasterized&lang=en&skin=vector&version=0fko0iy);background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2220%22 height=%2220%22 viewBox=%220 0 20 20%22%3E %3Cpath d=%22M3.636 2.222l14.142 14.142-1.414 1.414L2.222 3.636z%22/%3E %3Cpath d=%22M17.778 3.636L3.636 17.778l-1.414-1.414L16.364 2.222z%22/%3E %3C/svg%3E")}.mw-ui-icon-preview-generic:before{background-image:url(/w/load.php?modules=ext.popups.images&image=preview-generic&format=rasterized&lang=en&skin=vector&version=0fko0iy);background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width=%2237%22 height=%2227%22 xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22%3E %3Cg id=%22Page-1%22 fill=%22none%22 fill-rule=%22evenodd%22%3E %3Cg id=%22sad-face%22 fill=%22%23C8CCD1%22%3E %3Cpath d=%22M5.475.7v20.075L0 26.25h31.025c3.102 0 5.475-2.372 5.475-5.475V.7H5.475zm20.44 4.562c1.277 0 2.19 1.095 2.19 2.19 0 1.096-.913 2.373-2.19 2.373-1.278 0-2.19-1.095-2.19-2.19s1.095-2.373 2.19-2.373zm-9.855 0c1.277 0 2.19 1.095 2.19 2.19 0 1.096-1.095 2.373-2.19 2.373s-2.19-1.095-2.19-2.19.913-2.373 2.19-2.373zm4.928 8.213c-7.153 0-8.415 7.012-8.415 7.012s2.805-1.403 8.415-1.403c5.61 0 8.414 1.403 8.414 1.403S28 13.475 20.988 13.475z%22 id=%22Shape%22/%3E %3C/g%3E %3C/g%3E %3C/svg%3E")}.mw-ui-icon-footer:before{background-image:url(/w/load.php?modules=ext.popups.images&image=footer&format=rasterized&lang=en&skin=vector&version=0fko0iy);background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%22230%22 height=%22179%22 xmlns:xlink=%22http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%22 viewBox=%220 0 230 179%22%3E %3Cdefs%3E %3Crect id=%22a%22 width=%22201%22 height=%2213%22 rx=%222%22/%3E %3Crect id=%22b%22 width=%22201%22 height=%22169%22 y=%2210%22 rx=%222%22/%3E %3Crect id=%22c%22 width=%2230%22 height=%222%22 x=%22135%22 y=%22158%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3C/defs%3E %3Cg fill=%22none%22 fill-rule=%22evenodd%22%3E %3Cg transform=%22matrix%281 0 0 -1 0 13%29%22%3E %3Cuse fill=%22%23f8f9fa%22 xlink:href=%22%23a%22/%3E %3Crect width=%22199%22 height=%2211%22 x=%221%22 y=%221%22 stroke=%22%23a2a9b1%22 stroke-width=%222%22 rx=%222%22/%3E %3C/g%3E %3Cuse fill=%22%23fff%22 xlink:href=%22%23b%22/%3E %3Crect width=%22199%22 height=%22167%22 x=%221%22 y=%2211%22 stroke=%22%23a2a9b1%22 stroke-width=%222%22 rx=%222%22/%3E %3Cg opacity=%22.4%22 transform=%22translate%2867 35%29%22%3E %3Crect width=%2273%22 height=%222%22 y=%227%22 fill=%22%23c8ccd1%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2281%22 height=%222%22 y=%2231%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2232%22 height=%222%22 y=%2285%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2273%22 height=%222%22 x=%2235%22 y=%2285%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2217%22 height=%222%22 y=%2245%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2217%22 height=%222%22 x=%2291%22 y=%2245%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2268%22 height=%222%22 x=%2220%22 y=%2245%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2217%22 height=%222%22 y=%2278%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2237%22 height=%222%22 x=%2272%22 y=%2278%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2249%22 height=%222%22 x=%2220%22 y=%2278%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2224%22 height=%222%22 x=%2284%22 y=%2231%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22 transform=%22matrix%28-1 0 0 1 192 0%29%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2281%22 height=%222%22 y=%2266%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2214%22 height=%222%22 x=%2254%22 y=%2224%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2237%22 height=%222%22 x=%2271%22 y=%2224%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2251%22 height=%222%22 y=%2224%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%22108%22 height=%222%22 y=%2259%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%22108%22 height=%222%22 y=%2252%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%22108%22 height=%222%22 y=%2292%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%22108%22 height=%222%22 y=%2238%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2251%22 height=%222%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3C/g%3E %3Crect width=%2230%22 height=%222%22 x=%2267%22 y=%22158%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 opacity=%22.4%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2230%22 height=%222%22 x=%2299%22 y=%22158%22 fill=%22%2372777d%22 opacity=%22.4%22 rx=%221%22/%3E %3Cuse fill=%22%2336c%22 xlink:href=%22%23c%22/%3E %3Crect width=%2233%22 height=%225%22 x=%22133.5%22 y=%22156.5%22 stroke=%22%23ffc057%22 stroke-opacity=%22.447%22 stroke-width=%223%22 rx=%222.5%22/%3E %3Ccircle cx=%2234%22 cy=%2249%22 r=%2219%22 fill=%22%23eaecf0%22/%3E %3Cg fill=%22%23a2a9b1%22 transform=%22translate%285 5%29%22%3E %3Ccircle cx=%221.5%22 cy=%221.5%22 r=%221.5%22/%3E %3Ccircle cx=%226%22 cy=%221.5%22 r=%221.5%22/%3E %3Ccircle cx=%2210.5%22 cy=%221.5%22 r=%221.5%22/%3E %3C/g%3E %3Cpath stroke=%22%23ff00af%22 d=%22M174.5 159.5h54.01%22 stroke-linecap=%22square%22/%3E %3C/g%3E %3C/svg%3E")}.mw-ui-icon-preview-disambiguation:before{background-image:url(/w/load.php?modules=ext.popups.images&image=preview-disambiguation&format=rasterized&lang=en&skin=vector&version=0fko0iy);background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2220%22 height=%2220%22 viewBox=%222 2 20 20%22%3E %3Cpath fill=%22%23C8CCD1%22 d=%22M11 12h4V7h-4v5zm-5 2h9v-1H6v1zm0 2h9v-1H6v1zm0 2h9v-1H6v1zm4-9H6v1h4V9zm0 2H6v1h4v-1zm0-4H6v1h4V7zM4 5h13v16H7c-1.7 0-3-1.3-3-3V5z%22/%3E %3Cpath fill-rule=%22evenodd%22 fill=%22%23C8CCD1%22 d=%22M18 4v14h2V2H7v2%22/%3E %3C/svg%3E")}</STYLE><STYLE>
.mw-3d-wrapper{display:inline-block;position:relative;overflow:hidden;vertical-align:top}.mw-3d-badge{position:absolute;top:11px;left:11px;color:#1e1f21;font-size:14px;line-height:19px;font-weight:bold;opacity:0.8;padding:2px 5px;background-color:#f8f9fa;border-radius:2px}.mw-3d-thumb-placeholder{display:inline-block;text-decoration:none;color:#222}
.suggestions a.mw-searchSuggest-link,.suggestions a.mw-searchSuggest-link:hover,.suggestions a.mw-searchSuggest-link:active,.suggestions a.mw-searchSuggest-link:focus{color:#000;text-decoration:none}.suggestions-result-current a.mw-searchSuggest-link,.suggestions-result-current a.mw-searchSuggest-link:hover,.suggestions-result-current a.mw-searchSuggest-link:active,.suggestions-result-current a.mw-searchSuggest-link:focus{color:#fff}.suggestions a.mw-searchSuggest-link .special-query{ overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap}
#uls-settings-block{background-color:#f8f9fa;border-top:1px solid #c8ccd1;padding-left:10px;line-height:1.2em;border-radius:0 0 2px 2px}#uls-settings-block > button{background:left top transparent no-repeat;background-size:20px auto;color:#54595d;display:inline-block;margin:8px 15px;border:0;padding:0 0 0 26px;font-size:medium;cursor:pointer}#uls-settings-block > button:hover{color:#222}#uls-settings-block > button.display-settings-block{background-image:url(/w/extensions/UniversalLanguageSelector/resources/images/display.png?d25f1);background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2220%22 height=%2220%22 viewBox=%220 0 20 20%22%3E %3Cpath fill=%22%23222%22 d=%22M.002 2.275v12.945h8.405c.535 1.624-.975 1.786-1.902 2.505 0 0 2.293-.024 3.439-.024 1.144 0 3.432.024 3.432.024-.905-.688-2.355-.868-1.902-2.505h8.527v-12.945h-20zm6.81 1.84h.797l3.313 8.466h-1.043l-1.043-2.638h-3.374l-1.043 2.638h-.982zm.368 1.104c-.084.369-.211.785-.368 1.227l-.982 2.577h2.699l-.982-2.577c-.128-.33-.234-.747-.368-1.227zm7.117.982c.753 0 1.295.157 1.656.491.365.334.552.858.552 1.595v4.294h-.675l-.184-.859h-.062c-.315.396-.605.655-.92.798-.311.138-.758.184-1.227.184-.626 0-1.115-.168-1.472-.491-.353-.323-.491-.754-.491-1.35 0-1.275 1.028-1.963 3.068-2.025h1.043v-.429c0-.495-.091-.87-.307-1.104-.211-.238-.574-.307-1.043-.307-.526 0-1.115.107-1.779.429l-.307-.675c.311-.169.674-.333 1.043-.429.373-.096.732-.123 1.104-.123zm.307 3.313c-.761.027-1.318.157-1.656.368-.334.207-.491.54-.491.982 0 .346.1.617.307.798.211.181.544.245.92.245.595 0 1.012-.164 1.35-.491.342-.326.552-.762.552-1.35v-.552z%22/%3E %3C/svg%3E")}#uls-settings-block > button.input-settings-block{background-image:url(/w/extensions/UniversalLanguageSelector/resources/images/input.png?aea9e);background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2220%22 height=%2220%22 viewBox=%220 0 20 20%22%3E %3Cpath fill=%22%23222%22 d=%22M9 1.281c-.124.259-.185.599-.5.688-.55.081-1.133.018-1.688 0-.866-.032-1.733-.148-2.594 0-.588.157-.953.727-1.188 1.25-.178.416-.271.836-.344 1.281h-2.688v11.5h20v-11.5h-16.344c.109-.52.203-1.057.563-1.469.222-.231.587-.17.875-.188 1.212.003 2.415.179 3.625.063.463-.058.812-.455.969-.875l.188-.438-.875-.313zm-7.125 5.844h1.563c.094 0 .188.093.188.188v1.531c0 .094-.093.188-.188.188h-1.563c-.094 0-.156-.093-.156-.188v-1.531c0-.094.062-.188.156-.188zm2.844 0h1.563c.094 0 .156.093.156.188v1.531c0 .094-.062.188-.156.188h-1.563c-.094 0-.156-.093-.156-.188v-1.531c0-.094.062-.188.156-.188zm2.844 0h1.563c.094 0 .156.093.156.188v1.531c0 .094-.062.188-.156.188h-1.563c-.094 0-.188-.093-.188-.188v-1.531c0-.094.093-.188.188-.188zm2.813 0h1.563c.094 0 .188.093.188.188v1.531c0 .094-.093.188-.188.188h-1.563c-.094 0-.156-.093-.156-.188v-1.531c0-.094.062-.188.156-.188zm2.844 0h1.563c.094 0 .156.093.156.188v1.531c0 .094-.062.188-.156.188h-1.563c-.094 0-.156-.093-.156-.188v-1.531c0-.094.062-.188.156-.188zm2.844 0h1.531c.094 0 .188.093.188.188v1.531c0 .094-.093.188-.188.188h-1.531c-.094 0-.188-.093-.188-.188v-1.531c0-.094.093-.188.188-.188zm-12.844 3h1.563c.094 0 .156.093.156.188v1.563c0 .094-.062.156-.156.156h-1.563c-.094 0-.156-.062-.156-.156v-1.563c0-.094.062-.188.156-.188zm2.906 0h1.563c.094 0 .188.093.188.188v1.563c0 .094-.093.156-.188.156h-1.563c-.094 0-.156-.062-.156-.156v-1.563c0-.094.062-.188.156-.188zm2.938 0h1.531c.094 0 .188.093.188.188v1.563c0 .094-.093.156-.188.156h-1.531c-.094 0-.188-.062-.188-.156v-1.563c0-.094.093-.188.188-.188zm2.906 0h1.563c.094 0 .156.093.156.188v1.563c0 .094-.062.156-.156.156h-1.563c-.094 0-.188-.062-.188-.156v-1.563c0-.094.093-.188.188-.188zm2.906 0h1.563c.094 0 .156.093.156.188v1.563c0 .094-.062.156-.156.156h-1.563c-.094 0-.156-.062-.156-.156v-1.563c0-.094.062-.188.156-.188zm-10.875 3.563h12c.088 0 .156.068.156.156v.844c0 .088-.068.156-.156.156h-12c-.088 0-.156-.068-.156-.156v-.844c0-.088.068-.156.156-.156z%22/%3E %3C/svg%3E")}
.ve-init-mw-tempWikitextEditorWidget{border:0;padding:0;color:inherit;line-height:1.5em; }.ve-init-mw-tempWikitextEditorWidget:focus{outline:0;padding:0}.ve-init-mw-tempWikitextEditorWidget::selection{background:rgba(109,169,247,0.5); }
#p-lang .body ul .uls-trigger,#p-lang .pBody ul .uls-trigger{background-image:none;padding:0} .mw-interlanguage-selector,.mw-interlanguage-selector:active{cursor:pointer;padding:4px 6px 4px 25px;font-size:13px;font-weight:normal;background-image:url(/w/extensions/UniversalLanguageSelector/resources/images/compact-links-trigger.png?b0c8e);background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 width=%2218%22 height=%2218%22 viewBox=%220 0 24 24%22%3E %3Cpath fill=%22%2372777d%22 d=%22M13 19l.8-3h5.3l.9 3h2.2l-4.2-13h-3l-4.2 13h2.2zm3.5-11l2 6h-4l2-6zM5 4l.938 1.906h-4.938v2.094h1.594c.6 1.8 1.406 3.206 2.406 4.406-1.1.7-4.313 1.781-4.313 1.781l1.313 1.813s3.487-1.387 4.688-2.188c1 .7 2.319 1.188 3.719 1.688l.594-2c-1-.3-1.988-.688-2.688-1.188 1.1-1.1 1.9-2.506 2.5-4.406h2.188l.5-2h-5.563l-.938-1.906h-2zm-.188 4h3.781c-.4 1.3-.906 2-1.906 3-1.1-1-1.475-1.7-1.875-3z%22/%3E %3C/svg%3E");background-size:18px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:left 4px center;margin:4px 0;text-align:left}.mw-interlanguage-selector:active,.mw-interlanguage-selector.selector-open{background-color:#c8ccd1;color:#54595d}.interlanguage-uls-menu:before,.interlanguage-uls-menu:after{border-top:10px solid transparent;border-bottom:10px solid transparent;display:inline-block; top:17px;position:absolute;content:''}.interlanguage-uls-menu.selector-right:before{ border-left:10px solid #c8ccd1; right:-11px}.interlanguage-uls-menu.selector-right:after{ border-left:10px solid #f8f9fa; right:-10px}.interlanguage-uls-menu.selector-left:before{ border-right:10px solid #c8ccd1; left:-11px}.interlanguage-uls-menu.selector-left:after{ border-right:10px solid #f8f9fa; left:-10px}
.mw-mmv-overlay{position:fixed;top:0;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;z-index:1000;background-color:#000}body.mw-mmv-lightbox-open{overflow-y:auto;  }body.mw-mmv-lightbox-open #mw-page-base,body.mw-mmv-lightbox-open #mw-head-base,body.mw-mmv-lightbox-open #mw-navigation,body.mw-mmv-lightbox-open #content,body.mw-mmv-lightbox-open #footer,body.mw-mmv-lightbox-open #globalWrapper{ display:none}body.mw-mmv-lightbox-open > *{ display:none}body.mw-mmv-lightbox-open > .mw-mmv-overlay,body.mw-mmv-lightbox-open > .mw-mmv-wrapper{display:block}.mw-mmv-filepage-buttons{margin-top:5px}.mw-mmv-filepage-buttons .mw-mmv-view-expanded,.mw-mmv-filepage-buttons .mw-mmv-view-config{display:block;line-height:inherit}.mw-mmv-filepage-buttons .mw-mmv-view-expanded.mw-ui-icon:before{background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 viewBox=%220 0 1024 768%22%3E %3Cpath d=%22M851.2 71.6L690.7 232.1l-40.1-40.3-9.6 164.8 164.8-9.3-40.3-40.4L926 146.4l58.5 58.5L997.6 0 792.7 13.1%22/%3E %3Cpath d=%22M769.6 89.3H611.9l70.9 70.8 7.9 7.5m-47.1 234.6l-51.2 3 3-51.2 9.4-164.4 5.8-100.3H26.4V768h883.1V387l-100.9 5.8-165 9.4zM813.9 678H113.6l207.2-270.2 31.5-12.9L548 599.8l105.9-63.2 159.8 140.8.2.6zm95.6-291.9V228l-79.1 78.9 7.8 7.9%22/%3E %3C/svg%3E")}.mw-mmv-filepage-buttons .mw-mmv-view-config.mw-ui-icon:before{background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22 viewBox=%220 0 1024 768%22%3E %3Cpath d=%22M897 454.6V313.4L810.4 299c-6.4-23.3-16-45.7-27.3-65.8l50.5-71.4-99.4-100.2-71.4 50.5c-20.9-11.2-42.5-20.9-65.8-27.3L582.6-1H441.4L427 85.6c-23.3 6.4-45.7 16-65.8 27.3l-71.4-50.5-100.3 99.5 50.5 71.4c-11.2 20.9-20.9 42.5-27.3 66.6L127 313.4v141.2l85.8 14.4c6.4 23.3 16 45.7 27.3 66.6L189.6 607l99.5 99.5 71.4-50.5c20.9 11.2 42.5 20.9 66.6 27.3l14.4 85.8h141.2l14.4-86.6c23.3-6.4 45.7-16 65.8-27.3l71.4 50.5 99.5-99.5-50.5-71.4c11.2-20.9 20.9-42.5 27.3-66.6l86.4-13.6zm-385 77c-81.8 0-147.6-66.6-147.6-147.6 0-81.8 66.6-147.6 147.6-147.6S659.6 302.2 659.6 384 593.8 531.6 512 531.6z%22/%3E %3C/svg%3E");opacity:0.75}.mw-mmv-filepage-buttons .mw-mmv-view-config.mw-ui-icon:before:hover{opacity:1}.mw-mmv-button{background-color:transparent;min-width:0;border:0;padding:0;overflow-x:hidden;text-indent:-9999em}
@-webkit-keyframes mwe-popups-fade-in-up{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate(0,20px);-moz-transform:translate(0,20px);-ms-transform:translate(0,20px);transform:translate(0,20px)}100%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}}@-moz-keyframes mwe-popups-fade-in-up{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate(0,20px);-moz-transform:translate(0,20px);-ms-transform:translate(0,20px);transform:translate(0,20px)}100%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}}@keyframes mwe-popups-fade-in-up{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate(0,20px);-moz-transform:translate(0,20px);-ms-transform:translate(0,20px);transform:translate(0,20px)}100%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}}@-webkit-keyframes mwe-popups-fade-in-down{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate(0,-20px);-moz-transform:translate(0,-20px);-ms-transform:translate(0,-20px);transform:translate(0,-20px)}100%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}}@-moz-keyframes mwe-popups-fade-in-down{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate(0,-20px);-moz-transform:translate(0,-20px);-ms-transform:translate(0,-20px);transform:translate(0,-20px)}100%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}}@keyframes mwe-popups-fade-in-down{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate(0,-20px);-moz-transform:translate(0,-20px);-ms-transform:translate(0,-20px);transform:translate(0,-20px)}100%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}}@-webkit-keyframes mwe-popups-fade-out-down{0%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}100%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate(0,20px);-moz-transform:translate(0,20px);-ms-transform:translate(0,20px);transform:translate(0,20px)}}@-moz-keyframes mwe-popups-fade-out-down{0%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}100%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate(0,20px);-moz-transform:translate(0,20px);-ms-transform:translate(0,20px);transform:translate(0,20px)}}@keyframes mwe-popups-fade-out-down{0%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}100%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate(0,20px);-moz-transform:translate(0,20px);-ms-transform:translate(0,20px);transform:translate(0,20px)}}@-webkit-keyframes mwe-popups-fade-out-up{0%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}100%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate(0,-20px);-moz-transform:translate(0,-20px);-ms-transform:translate(0,-20px);transform:translate(0,-20px)}}@-moz-keyframes mwe-popups-fade-out-up{0%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}100%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate(0,-20px);-moz-transform:translate(0,-20px);-ms-transform:translate(0,-20px);transform:translate(0,-20px)}}@keyframes mwe-popups-fade-out-up{0%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}100%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate(0,-20px);-moz-transform:translate(0,-20px);-ms-transform:translate(0,-20px);transform:translate(0,-20px)}}.mwe-popups-fade-in-up{-webkit-animation:mwe-popups-fade-in-up 0.2s ease forwards;-moz-animation:mwe-popups-fade-in-up 0.2s ease forwards;animation:mwe-popups-fade-in-up 0.2s ease forwards}.mwe-popups-fade-in-down{-webkit-animation:mwe-popups-fade-in-down 0.2s ease forwards;-moz-animation:mwe-popups-fade-in-down 0.2s ease forwards;animation:mwe-popups-fade-in-down 0.2s ease forwards}.mwe-popups-fade-out-down{-webkit-animation:mwe-popups-fade-out-down 0.2s ease forwards;-moz-animation:mwe-popups-fade-out-down 0.2s ease forwards;animation:mwe-popups-fade-out-down 0.2s ease forwards}.mwe-popups-fade-out-up{-webkit-animation:mwe-popups-fade-out-up 0.2s ease forwards;-moz-animation:mwe-popups-fade-out-up 0.2s ease forwards;animation:mwe-popups-fade-out-up 0.2s ease forwards}     .mwe-popups{background:#fff;position:absolute;z-index:110;-webkit-box-shadow:0 30px 90px -20px rgba(0,0,0,0.3),0 0 1px #a2a9b1;box-shadow:0 30px 90px -20px rgba(0,0,0,0.3),0 0 1px #a2a9b1;padding:0;display:none;font-size:14px;line-height:20px;min-width:300px;border-radius:2px; }.mwe-popups .mw-ui-icon{font-size:16px;margin:21px 0 8px 0}.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-container{color:#222222;margin-top:-9px;padding-top:9px;text-decoration:none}.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-container footer{padding:16px;margin:0;font-size:10px;position:absolute;bottom:0; left:0}.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-extract{margin:16px;display:block;color:#222222;text-decoration:none;position:relative;   }.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-extract:hover{text-decoration:none}.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-extract:after{content:' ';position:absolute;bottom:0;width:25%;height:20px;background-color:transparent}.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-extract[dir='ltr']:after{ right:0; background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(to right,rgba(255,255,255,0),#ffffff 50%); background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(to right,rgba(255,255,255,0),#ffffff 50%); background-image:-o-linear-gradient(to right,rgba(255,255,255,0),#ffffff 50%); background-image:linear-gradient(to right,rgba(255,255,255,0),#ffffff 50%)}.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-extract[dir='rtl']:after{ left:0; background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(to left,rgba(255,255,255,0),#ffffff 50%); background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(to left,rgba(255,255,255,0),#ffffff 50%); background-image:-o-linear-gradient(to left,rgba(255,255,255,0),#ffffff 50%); background-image:linear-gradient(to left,rgba(255,255,255,0),#ffffff 50%)}.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-extract p{margin:0}.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-extract ul,.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-extract ol,.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-extract li,.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-extract dl,.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-extract dd,.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-extract dt{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0}.mwe-popups svg{overflow:hidden}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-is-tall{width:450px}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-is-tall > div > a > svg{vertical-align:middle}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-is-tall .mwe-popups-extract{width:215px;height:180px;overflow:hidden; float:left}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-is-tall footer{width:215px}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-is-not-tall{width:320px}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-is-not-tall .mwe-popups-extract{min-height:40px;max-height:140px;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:47px;padding-bottom:0}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-is-not-tall footer{width:290px}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-type-generic .mwe-popups-extract,.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-type-disambiguation .mwe-popups-extract{min-height:auto;padding-top:4px;margin-bottom:60px;margin-top:0}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-type-generic .mwe-popups-read-link,.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-type-disambiguation .mwe-popups-read-link{font-weight:bold;font-size:12px}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-type-generic .mwe-popups-extract:hover + footer .mwe-popups-read-link,.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-type-disambiguation .mwe-popups-extract:hover + footer .mwe-popups-read-link{text-decoration:underline}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-no-image-tri:after{content:'';position:absolute;border:11px solid transparent;border-top:0;border-bottom:11px solid #ffffff;top:-7px; left:7px}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-no-image-tri:before{content:'';position:absolute;border:8px solid transparent;border-top:0;border-bottom:8px solid #a2a9b1;top:-8px; left:10px}.mwe-popups.flipped_x.mwe-popups-no-image-tri:after{ left:auto; right:7px}.mwe-popups.flipped_x.mwe-popups-no-image-tri:before{ left:auto; right:10px}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-image-tri:before{z-index:111;content:'';position:absolute;border:9px solid transparent;border-top:0;border-bottom:9px solid #a2a9b1;top:-9px; left:9px}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-image-tri:after{content:'';position:absolute;border:12px solid transparent;border-top:0;border-bottom:12px solid #ffffff;top:-8px; left:6px;z-index:112}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-image-tri.flipped_x:before{z-index:111;content:'';position:absolute;border:9px solid transparent;border-top:0;border-bottom:9px solid #a2a9b1;top:-9px; left:273px}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-image-tri.flipped_x:after{content:'';position:absolute;border:12px solid transparent;border-top:0;border-bottom:12px solid #ffffff;top:-8px; left:269px;z-index:112}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-image-tri .mwe-popups-extract{padding-top:32px;margin-top:190px}.mwe-popups.mwe-popups-image-tri > div > a > svg{margin-top:-8px;position:absolute;z-index:113; left:0}.mwe-popups.flipped_x.mwe-popups-is-tall{min-height:242px}.mwe-popups.flipped_x.mwe-popups-is-tall:before{z-index:111;content:'';position:absolute;border:9px solid transparent;border-top:0;border-bottom:9px solid #a2a9b1;top:-9px; left:420px}.mwe-popups.flipped_x.mwe-popups-is-tall > div > a > svg{margin:0;margin-top:-8px;margin-bottom:-7px;position:absolute;z-index:113; right:0}.mwe-popups.flipped_x_y:before{z-index:111;content:'';position:absolute;border:9px solid transparent;border-bottom:0;border-top:9px solid #a2a9b1;bottom:-9px; left:272px}.mwe-popups.flipped_x_y:after{content:'';position:absolute;border:12px solid transparent;border-bottom:0;border-top:12px solid #ffffff;bottom:-8px; left:269px;z-index:112}.mwe-popups.flipped_x_y.mwe-popups-is-tall{min-height:242px}.mwe-popups.flipped_x_y.mwe-popups-is-tall:after{z-index:112;content:'';position:absolute;border:12px solid transparent;border-bottom:0;border-top:12px solid #ffffff;bottom:-8px; left:417px}.mwe-popups.flipped_x_y.mwe-popups-is-tall:before{z-index:111;content:'';position:absolute;border:9px solid transparent;border-bottom:0;border-top:9px solid #a2a9b1;bottom:-9px; left:420px}.mwe-popups.flipped_x_y.mwe-popups-is-tall > div > a > svg{position:absolute;z-index:113;margin:0;margin-bottom:-9px; right:0}.mwe-popups.flipped_y:after{content:'';position:absolute;border:11px solid transparent;border-bottom:0;border-top:11px solid #ffffff;bottom:-7px; left:7px}.mwe-popups.flipped_y:before{content:'';position:absolute;border:8px solid transparent;border-bottom:0;border-top:8px solid #a2a9b1;bottom:-8px; left:10px}#mwe-popups-settings{position:fixed;z-index:1000;background:#fff;width:420px;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;box-shadow:0 2px 2px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.25);border-radius:2px;font-size:14px}#mwe-popups-settings header{-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;border-bottom:1px solid #c8ccd1;position:relative;display:table;width:100%;padding:5px 7px 5px 0}#mwe-popups-settings header > div{display:table-cell;width:3.5em;vertical-align:middle;cursor:pointer}#mwe-popups-settings header h1{margin-bottom:0.6em;padding-top:0.5em;border:0;width:100%;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:18px;font-weight:bold;text-align:center}#mwe-popups-settings .mwe-ui-icon-popups-close{opacity:0.87;-webkit-transition:opacity 100ms;-moz-transition:opacity 100ms;transition:opacity 100ms}#mwe-popups-settings .mwe-ui-icon-popups-close:hover{opacity:0.73}#mwe-popups-settings .mwe-ui-icon-popups-close:active{opacity:1}#mwe-popups-settings main{display:block;width:350px;padding:32px 0 24px;margin:0 auto}#mwe-popups-settings main p{color:#54595d;font-size:17px;margin:16px 0 0}#mwe-popups-settings main p:first-child{margin-top:0}#mwe-popups-settings main form img,#mwe-popups-settings main form input,#mwe-popups-settings main form label{vertical-align:top}#mwe-popups-settings main form img{margin-right:60px}#mwe-popups-settings main form input{display:inline-block;margin:0 10px 0 0;padding:0}#mwe-popups-settings main form label{font-size:13px;display:inline-block;line-height:16px;width:300px}#mwe-popups-settings main form label > span{color:#000;font-size:18px;font-weight:bold;display:block;margin-bottom:5px;line-height:18px}.mwe-popups-settings-help{font-size:13px;font-weight:800;margin:40px;position:relative}.mwe-popups-settings-help .mw-ui-icon:before,.mwe-popups-settings-help .mw-ui-icon{height:140px;width:180px;max-width:none;margin:0}.mwe-popups-settings-help p{left:180px;bottom:20px;position:absolute}.mwe-popups-settings-icon{border-radius:2px;font-size:16px; margin-right:-0.75em}.mwe-popups-settings-icon:hover{background-color:#eaecf0}.mwe-popups-settings-icon:active{background-color:#c8ccd1}.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-container footer .mwe-popups-settings-icon{float:right}.mwe-popups .mwe-popups-title{display:block;font-weight:bold;margin:0 16px}.mwe-popups-overlay{background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.9);z-index:999;position:fixed;height:100%;width:100%;top:0;bottom:0;left:0;right:0;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}#mwe-popups-svg{position:absolute;top:-1000px}</STYLE><STYLE>
.ve-activated .ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-editableContent #toc,.ve-activated #siteNotice,.ve-activated .mw-indicators,.ve-activated #t-print,.ve-activated #t-permalink,.ve-activated #p-coll-print_export,.ve-activated #t-cite,.ve-deactivating .ve-ui-surface,.ve-active .ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-editableContent,.ve-active .ve-init-mw-tempWikitextEditorWidget{display:none} .ve-activating .ve-ui-surface{height:0;padding:0 !important; overflow:hidden} .ve-loading #content > :not(.ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-loading-overlay), .ve-activated .ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-uneditableContent{pointer-events:none;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;opacity:0.5}.ve-activated #catlinks{cursor:pointer}.ve-activated #catlinks a{opacity:1} .ve-activated #content{position:relative} .ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-loading-overlay{position:absolute;top:1.25em;left:0;right:0;z-index:1;margin-top:-0.5em}.ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-progress{height:1em;overflow:hidden;margin:0 25%}.ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-progress-bar{height:1em;width:0}.ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-toolbarPlaceholder{transition:height 250ms ease;height:0; } .oo-ui-element-hidden{display:none !important; } .mw-editsection{white-space:nowrap; unicode-bidi:-moz-isolate;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;unicode-bidi:isolate}.mw-editsection-divider{color:#54595d} .ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-progress{height:0.75em;border:1px solid #36c;background:#fff;border-radius:2px;box-shadow:0 0.1em 0 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15)}.ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-progress-bar{height:0.75em;background:#36c}.ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-toolbar,.ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-toolbarPlaceholder{font-size:0.875em; margin:-1.14em -1.14em 1.14em -1.14em; }@media screen and (min-width:982px){.ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-toolbar,.ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-toolbarPlaceholder{ margin:-1.43em -1.71em 1.43em -1.71em}}.ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-toolbarPlaceholder{border-bottom:1px solid #c8ccd1;box-shadow:0 1px 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.1)}.ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-toolbarPlaceholder-open{height:40px}</STYLE><META name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content="" />
<LINK rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?debug=false&lang=en&modules=ext.gadget.charinsert-styles&only=styles&skin=vector" />
<LINK rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?debug=false&lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector" />
<META name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.31.0-wmf.30" />
<META name="referrer" content="origin" />
<META name="referrer" content="origin-when-crossorigin" />
<META name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin" />
<LINK rel="alternate" href="android-app://org.wikipedia/http/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Senior_Certificate" />
<LINK rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=National_Senior_Certificate&action=edit" />
<LINK rel="edit" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=National_Senior_Certificate&action=edit" />
<LINK rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png" />
<LINK rel="shortcut icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico" />
<LINK rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/opensearch_desc.php" title="Wikipedia (en)" />
<LINK rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd" />
<LINK rel="license" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/" />
<LINK rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Senior_Certificate" />
<LINK rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org" />
<LINK rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" />
<!--[if lt IE 9]><script src="/w/load.php?debug=false&lang=en&modules=html5shiv&only=scripts&skin=vector&sync=1"></script><![endif]-->
</HEAD>
<BODY class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-National_Senior_Certificate rootpage-National_Senior_Certificate skin-vector action-view">		<DIV id="mw-page-base" class="noprint"></DIV>
		<DIV id="mw-head-base" class="noprint"></DIV>
		<DIV id="content" class="mw-body" role="main">
			<A id="top"></A>
			<DIV id="siteNotice" class="mw-body-content"><DIV id="centralNotice"></DIV><!-- CentralNotice --></DIV><DIV class="mw-indicators mw-body-content">
</DIV>
<H1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" lang="en">National Senior Certificate</H1>			<DIV id="bodyContent" class="mw-body-content">
				<DIV id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</DIV>				<DIV id="contentSub"></DIV>
								<DIV id="jump-to-nav" class="mw-jump">
					Jump to:					<A href="#mw-head">navigation</A>, 					<A href="#p-search">search</A>
				</DIV>
				<DIV id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><DIV class="mw-parser-output"><TABLE class="plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation">
<TBODY><TR>
<TD class="mbox-image">
<DIV style="width:52px"><A href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="image"><IMG alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" width="50" height="39" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></A></DIV>
</TD>
<TD class="mbox-text">
<DIV class="mbox-text-span">This article <B>needs additional citations for <A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</A></B>. <SPAN class="hide-when-compact">Please help <A class="external text" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Senior_Certificate&action=edit">improve this article</A> by <A href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing_with_Wiki_Markup/1" title="Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1">adding citations to reliable sources</A>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</SPAN> <SMALL><I>(April 2010)</I></SMALL> <SMALL class="hide-when-compact"><I>(<A href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this template message</A>)</I></SMALL></DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
<P>The <B>National Senior Certificate</B> or <B>NSC</B> is a <A href="/wiki/High_school_diploma" title="High school diploma">high school diploma</A> and is the main school-leaving certificate in <A href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</A>. This certificate is commonly known as the <A href="/wiki/Matriculation" title="Matriculation">matriculation</A> (matric) certificate, as grade 12 is the matriculation grade. The NSC, previously known as the Further Education and Training Certificate or FETC, replaced the Senior Certificate with effect from 2008 and was phased in starting with grade 10 in 2006.</P>
<P>Pupils study at least seven subjects, including two compulsory official South African languages, either Mathematics or Mathematical Literacy, Life Orientation and three elective subjects.</P>
<P>Subjects are all taken on the same level - there is no higher or standard grade as in the past. There are three pass levels, each with different pass requirements.First is a pass with Higher certificate, one must obtain 40% in home language, 40% in two other subjects and must obtain 30% in three other subjects. A learner who passed matric with higher certificate level, cannot enroll for a University Degree nor a Diploma at an institute of higher learning. The mean mark in any subject is usually about 55. Only a small proportion of candidates score an 'A' in any subject (from as little as 2% to a maximum of about 10% in subjects taken by highly select groups.) A further 8 – 15% are likely to gain a 'B' and about 20 – 25% achieve a 'C' grade. The National Senior Certificate is a group certificate and records an aggregate mark.</P>
<P>The <A href="/wiki/Department_of_Basic_Education" title="Department of Basic Education">Department of Basic Education</A> has responsibility for general educational policy to be implemented by nine provincial education departments and private providers such as the <A href="/wiki/Independent_Examinations_Board" title="Independent Examinations Board">Independent Examinations Board</A> (IEB). There are nine provincial examination boards and three independent boards, of which the IEB is the biggest. The IEB operates on a national level catering primarily for independent schools.</P>
<P></P>
<DIV id="toc" class="toc">
<DIV class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr">
<H2>Contents</H2>
<SPAN class="toctoggle"> [<A role="button" tabindex="0" class="togglelink">hide</A>] </SPAN></DIV>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><A href="#Subject_requirements"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Subject requirements</SPAN></A>
<UL>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><A href="#Group_A:_Fundamentals_(Compulsory)"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Group A: Fundamentals (Compulsory)</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><A href="#Group_B:_Electives"><SPAN class="tocnumber">1.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Group B: Electives</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><A href="#Life_Orientation"><SPAN class="tocnumber">2</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Life Orientation</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><A href="#Assessment"><SPAN class="tocnumber">3</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Assessment</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><A href="#Level_system_(1_to_7)"><SPAN class="tocnumber">4</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">Level system (1 to 7)</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><A href="#The_5%_language_compensation"><SPAN class="tocnumber">5</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">The 5% language compensation</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><A href="#University_entrance"><SPAN class="tocnumber">6</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">University entrance</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><A href="#See_also"><SPAN class="tocnumber">7</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">See also</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><A href="#References"><SPAN class="tocnumber">8</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">References</SPAN></A></LI>
<LI class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><A href="#External_links"><SPAN class="tocnumber">9</SPAN> <SPAN class="toctext">External links</SPAN></A></LI>
</UL>
</DIV>
<P></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Subject_requirements">Subject requirements</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=National_Senior_Certificate&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Subject requirements">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<P>Learners study at least 7 subjects - 4 compulsory and at least 3 electives. All subjects are written on one grade only and are no longer written on Higher or Standard Grade. Not all schools offer the full range of Elective subjects listed here. Each school may offer subjects specific to its academic orientation. For example, Agriculture Schools offer the agriculture-orientated subjects whereas technical Schools offer the practical and mechanical-orientated subjects.V</P>
<H3><SPAN id="Group_A:_Fundamentals_.28Compulsory.29"></SPAN><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Group_A:_Fundamentals_(Compulsory)">Group A: Fundamentals (Compulsory)</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=National_Senior_Certificate&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Group A: Fundamentals (Compulsory)">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<P>Learners must study 4 compulsory subjects,</P>
<UL>
<LI>Two <A href="/wiki/Languages_of_South_Africa" title="Languages of South Africa">official languages of South Africa</A> must be studied:
<UL>
<LI>Afrikaans</LI>
<LI>English</LI>
<LI>Ndebele</LI>
<LI>Northern Sotho</LI>
<LI>Sesotho</LI>
<LI>Siswati</LI>
<LI>Tsonga</LI>
<LI>Tswana</LI>
<LI>Venda</LI>
<LI>Xhosa</LI>
<LI>Zulu</LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI>Mathematics or Mathematical Literacy</LI>
<LI>Life Orientation</LI>
</UL>
<H3><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Group_B:_Electives">Group B: Electives</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=National_Senior_Certificate&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Group B: Electives">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
<P>At least 3 subjects from the following:</P>
<UL>
<LI>Accounting</LI>
<LI>Agricultural Management Practices</LI>
<LI>Agricultural Sciences</LI>
<LI>Agricultural Technology</LI>
<LI>Business Studies</LI>
<LI>Civil Technology</LI>
<LI>Computer Applications Technology (previously Computer Studies <I>Standard Grade</I> - Literacy)</LI>
<LI>Consumer Studies</LI>
<LI>Dance Studies</LI>
<LI>Design</LI>
<LI>Dramatic Arts</LI>
<LI>Economics</LI>
<LI>Electrical Technology</LI>
<LI>Engineering Graphics & Design</LI>
<LI>Geography</LI>
<LI>History</LI>
<LI>Hospitality Studies (previously Home Economics)</LI>
<LI>Information Technology (previously Computer Studies <I>Higher Grade</I> - Programming)</LI>
<LI>Life Sciences (previously Biology)</LI>
<LI>Mechanical Technology</LI>
<LI>Music</LI>
<LI>Physical Science</LI>
<LI>Religion Studies</LI>
<LI>Second Additional Language</LI>
<LI>Third Additional Language</LI>
<LI>Tourism</LI>
<LI>Visual Arts</LI>
</UL>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Life_Orientation">Life Orientation</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=National_Senior_Certificate&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Life Orientation">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<P>Life Orientation (colloquially abbreviated as "LO") has been introduced into the senior high school phase as an examination subject. Life Orientation is a broad-learning subject that covers non-academic skills needed in everyday life. Life Orientation is examined, marked and moderated internally and comprises the following sections:</P>
<UL>
<LI><B>World of Work</B>, helping learners find guidance in their choice of career and prepare them for the working world</LI>
<LI><B>Health Education</B>, this sections includes <A href="/wiki/Sex_education" title="Sex education">sex education</A>, <A href="/wiki/HIV" title="HIV">HIV</A>/<A href="/wiki/Aids" class="mw-redirect" title="Aids">Aids</A> talks, pregnancy, etc.</LI>
<LI><B><A href="/wiki/Physical_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="Physical Education">Physical Education</A></B>, involves physical exercise and training, it is done on a separate basis but eventually forms part of the Life Orientation mark</LI>
<LI><B>Religious Education</B>, each South African school decides which religion to adhere to (as according to the South African schools act), learners may be exempted from these classes. In practice this means that learners may be exempted from, example, the Bible Studies class, but are compelled to attend the Religious Studies class (which deals with all religions as a study).</LI>
<LI><B>Citizenship and Responsibility</B>, this section teaches learners about their rights and their duties as citizens.</LI>
</UL>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Assessment">Assessment</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=National_Senior_Certificate&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Assessment">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<P>There are three types of subjects:</P>
<UL>
<LI><B>General Subjects</B>
<UL>
<LI>An end-of-year examination: <I>75% of the total mark</I></LI>
<LI>Portfolio (Continuous Assessment): <I>25% of the total mark</I></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Practical Subjects</B>
<UL>
<LI>An end-of-year examination: <I>50% of the total mark</I></LI>
<LI>Portfolio (Continuous Assessment): <I>25% of the total mark</I></LI>
<LI>Practical component: <I>25% of the total mark</I></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
<LI><B>Language Subjects</B>
<UL>
<LI>An end-of-year examination: <I>50% of the total mark</I></LI>
<LI>Portfolio (Continuous Assessment): <I>25% of the total mark</I></LI>
<LI>Oral Examination: <I>25% of the total mark</I></LI>
</UL>
</LI>
</UL>
<P>Continuous Assessment (CASS) includes all the tests, examinations, tasks, activities, orals and projects done throughout the year. Matric results are usually out of 400 marks.</P>
<H2><SPAN id="Level_system_.281_to_7.29"></SPAN><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="Level_system_(1_to_7)">Level system (1 to 7)</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=National_Senior_Certificate&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Level system (1 to 7)">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<UL>
<LI><B>Level 7</B>: 80 - 100% (Outstanding achievement)</LI>
<LI><B>Level 6</B>: 70 - 79% (Meritorious achievement)</LI>
<LI><B>Level 5</B>: 60 - 69% (Substantial achievement)</LI>
<LI><B>Level 4</B>: 50 - 59% (Moderate achievement)</LI>
<LI><B>Level 3</B>: 40 - 49% (Adequate achievement)</LI>
<LI><B>Level 2</B>: 30 - 39% (Elementary achievement)</LI>
<LI><B>Level 1</B>: 0 - 29% (Not achieved - Fail)</LI>
</UL>
<H2><SPAN id="The_5.25_language_compensation"></SPAN><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="The_5%_language_compensation">The 5% language compensation</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=National_Senior_Certificate&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: The 5% language compensation">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<P>Language compensation is described by several sources:</P>
<P>"To the final mark is added the language compensation, which is 5% of the mark attained by the candidate for all non-language subjects, for candidates whose mother tongue is not English or Afrikaans. The 5% compensates learners for the disadvantage suffered by these candidates being instructed in a language that is not their mother tongue." [Written reply to parliamentary question in 2011 <SUP id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-1">[1]</A></SUP>]</P>
<P>"The compensation applies to learners whose first language is neither English nor Afrikaans and who offer an African language as their first language. They receive an additional 5% on their non-language subjects. The measure was first introduced in 1999 by the South African Certification Council." [Written reply to parliamentary question in 2007,<SUP id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-2">[2]</A></SUP>]</P>
<P>Dr Sizwe Mabizela, Chairperson of Council, Umalusi has provided further explanation:<SUP id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-3">[3]</A></SUP> "This is the most misunderstood concept in this country. In terms of the policy on language compensation, learners who offer an African language as Home Language and do not offer Afrikaans or English as Home language qualify for a 5% language compensation on the mark they have obtained in a non-language subject. For example a learner who obtains a mark of zero (0) out of 300 will obtain 5% of zero (which is zero) for language compensation; a learner who obtains 10 out of 300 will receive 5% of 10, which is 0,5 marks, for language compensation; a learner who obtains 100 out of 300 marks will obtain an additional 5 marks for language compensation."</P>
<P>This kind of compensation has some impact on pass rates, but does provide significant impact at the upper end of the scale, affecting those applying for admission to university. For example, a qualifying learner obtaining 95% would receive 95 x 1.05 = 99.75% (which rounds to 100%). A learner obtaining 40% would receive 40 x 1.05 = 42.0%.</P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="University_entrance">University entrance</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=National_Senior_Certificate&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: University entrance">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<P>In addition to minimum grades required in each subject, universities either set their own entrance tests and/or use the National Benchmark Tests (NBT).<SUP id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-4">[4]</A></SUP> To study for a bachelor's degree at a South African university requires that the applicant has at least an NSC endorsed by Umalusi, with a pass of 30% in the chosen university's language of learning and teaching, as well as a level 4 or higher in the following list of designated, 19-credit subjects:</P>
<UL>
<LI>Accounting</LI>
<LI>Agricultural Sciences</LI>
<LI>Business Studies</LI>
<LI>Dramatic Arts</LI>
<LI>Economics</LI>
<LI>Engineering Graphics and Design</LI>
<LI>Geography</LI>
<LI>History</LI>
<LI>Consumer Studies</LI>
<LI>Information Technology</LI>
<LI>Languages (one language of learning and teaching at a higher education institution and two other recognised language subjects)</LI>
<LI>Life Sciences</LI>
<LI>Mathematics</LI>
<LI>Mathematical Literacy</LI>
<LI>Music</LI>
<LI>Physical Sciences</LI>
<LI>Religion Studies</LI>
<LI>Visual Arts</LI>
</UL>
<P><SUP id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><A href="#cite_note-5">[5]</A></SUP></P>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=National_Senior_Certificate&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<UL>
<LI><A href="/wiki/High_school#South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="High school">High school#South Africa</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Matriculation_in_South_Africa" title="Matriculation in South Africa">Matriculation in South Africa</A></LI>
<LI><A href="/wiki/Independent_Examinations_Board" title="Independent Examinations Board">Independent Examinations Board</A></LI>
</UL>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="References">References</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=National_Senior_Certificate&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<DIV class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;">
<DIV class="mw-references-wrap">
<OL class="references">
<LI id="cite_note-1"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-1"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL ASSEMBLY: QUESTION 757, DATE OF PUBLICATION OF INTERNAL QUESTION PAPER: 11/03/2011 (INTERNAL QUESTION PAPER: 06/2011)</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-2"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-2"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL ASSEMBLY: WRITTEN REPLY TO QUESTION 469, DATE OF PUBLICATION IN INTERNAL QUESTION PAPER: 26-03-2007 (INTERNAL QUESTION PAPER NO.: 10-2007)</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-3"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-3"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text">Politicsweb, 3 January 2011, "Umalusi explains matric mark adjustments", Dr Sizwe Mabizela, 03 January 2011</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-4"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-4"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://nbt.ac.za/">http://nbt.ac.za/</A> About NBT Retrieved 21 March 2011</SPAN></LI>
<LI id="cite_note-5"><SPAN class="mw-cite-backlink"><B><A href="#cite_ref-5"><SPAN class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </SPAN>^</A></B></SPAN> <SPAN class="reference-text"><A rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://wced.pgwc.gov.za/circulars/circulars08/e33_08.html">http://wced.pgwc.gov.za/circulars/circulars08/e33_08.html</A></SPAN></LI>
</OL>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<H2><SPAN class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</SPAN><SPAN class="mw-editsection"><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=National_Senior_Certificate&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links">edit</A><SPAN class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<UL>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.education.gov.za">Department of Education official site</A></LI>
<LI><A rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ieb.co.za">IEB official site</A></LI>
</UL>

<!--
NewPP limit report
Parsed by mw1277
Cached time: 20180418193858
Cache expiry: 1900800
Dynamic content: false
CPU time usage: 0.068 seconds
Real time usage: 0.091 seconds
Preprocessor visited node count: 221/1000000
Preprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000
Post‐expand include size: 4291/2097152 bytes
Template argument size: 101/2097152 bytes
Highest expansion depth: 7/40
Expensive parser function count: 1/500
Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20
Unstrip post‐expand size: 1861/5000000 bytes
Lua time usage: 0.025/10.000 seconds
Lua memory usage: 840 KB/50 MB
-->
<!--
Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)
100.00%   73.679      1 -total
 78.79%   58.054      1 Template:Refimprove
 47.90%   35.291      1 Template:Ambox
 15.43%   11.372      1 Template:Reflist
  2.73%    2.009      1 Template:Main_other
-->
</DIV>
<!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:5571101-0!canonical and timestamp 20180418193906 and revision id 837110357
 -->
<NOSCRIPT><img src="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" title="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;" /></NOSCRIPT></DIV>					<DIV class="printfooter">
						Retrieved from "<A dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Senior_Certificate&oldid=837110357">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Senior_Certificate&oldid=837110357</A>"					</DIV>
				<DIV id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><DIV id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><A href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</A>: <UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Education_in_South_Africa" title="Category:Education in South Africa">Education in South Africa</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Secondary_school_qualifications" title="Category:Secondary school qualifications">Secondary school qualifications</A></LI></UL></DIV><DIV id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <UL><LI><A href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_April_2010" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from April 2010">Articles needing additional references from April 2010</A></LI><LI><A href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</A></LI></UL></DIV></DIV>				<DIV class="visualClear"></DIV>
							</DIV>
		</DIV>
		<DIV id="mw-navigation">
			<H2>Navigation menu</H2>
			<DIV id="mw-head">
									<DIV id="p-personal" role="navigation" class="" aria-labelledby="p-personal-label">
						<H3 id="p-personal-label">Personal tools</H3>
						<UL>
							<LI id="pt-anonuserpage">Not logged in</LI><LI id="pt-anontalk"><A href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]" accesskey="n">Talk</A></LI><LI id="pt-anoncontribs"><A href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</A></LI><LI id="pt-createaccount"><A href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=National+Senior+Certificate" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory">Create account</A></LI><LI id="pt-login"><A href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=National+Senior+Certificate" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]" accesskey="o">Log in</A></LI>						</UL>
					</DIV>
									<DIV id="left-navigation">
										<DIV id="p-namespaces" role="navigation" class="vectorTabs" aria-labelledby="p-namespaces-label">
						<H3 id="p-namespaces-label">Namespaces</H3>
						<UL>
							<LI id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected"><SPAN><A href="/wiki/National_Senior_Certificate" title="View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]" accesskey="c">Article</A></SPAN></LI><LI id="ca-talk"><SPAN><A href="/wiki/Talk:National_Senior_Certificate" rel="discussion" title="Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]" accesskey="t">Talk</A></SPAN></LI>						</UL>
					</DIV>
										<DIV id="p-variants" role="navigation" class="vectorMenu emptyPortlet" aria-labelledby="p-variants-label">
												<INPUT type="checkbox" class="vectorMenuCheckbox" aria-labelledby="p-variants-label" />
						<H3 id="p-variants-label">
							<SPAN>Variants</SPAN>
						</H3>
						<DIV class="menu">
							<UL>
															</UL>
						</DIV>
					</DIV>
									</DIV>
				<DIV id="right-navigation">
										<DIV id="p-views" role="navigation" class="vectorTabs" aria-labelledby="p-views-label">
						<H3 id="p-views-label">Views</H3>
						<UL>
							<LI id="ca-view" class="collapsible selected"><SPAN><A href="/wiki/National_Senior_Certificate">Read</A></SPAN></LI><LI id="ca-edit" class="collapsible"><SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=National_Senior_Certificate&action=edit" title="Edit this page [ctrl-alt-e]" accesskey="e">Edit</A></SPAN></LI><LI id="ca-history" class="collapsible"><SPAN><A href="/w/index.php?title=National_Senior_Certificate&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]" accesskey="h">View history</A></SPAN></LI>						</UL>
					</DIV>
										<DIV id="p-cactions" role="navigation" class="vectorMenu emptyPortlet" aria-labelledby="p-cactions-label">
						<INPUT type="checkbox" class="vectorMenuCheckbox" aria-labelledby="p-cactions-label" />
						<H3 id="p-cactions-label"><SPAN>More</SPAN></H3>
						<DIV class="menu">
							<UL>
															</UL>
						</DIV>
					</DIV>
										<DIV id="p-search" role="search">
						<H3>
							<LABEL for="searchInput">Search</LABEL>
						</H3>
						<FORM action="/w/index.php" id="searchform">
							<DIV id="simpleSearch">
								<INPUT type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" title="Search Wikipedia [ctrl-alt-f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" tabindex="1" autocomplete="off" /><INPUT type="hidden" value="Special:Search" name="title" /><INPUT type="submit" name="go" value="Go" title="Go to a page with this exact name if it exists" id="searchButton" class="searchButton" />							</DIV>
						</FORM>
					</DIV>
									</DIV>
			</DIV>
			<DIV id="mw-panel">
				<DIV id="p-logo" role="banner"><A class="mw-wiki-logo" href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page"></A></DIV>
						<DIV class="portal" role="navigation" id="p-navigation" aria-labelledby="p-navigation-label">
			<H3 id="p-navigation-label">Navigation</H3>
			<DIV class="body">
								<UL>
					<LI id="n-mainpage-description"><A href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]" accesskey="z">Main page</A></LI><LI id="n-contents"><A href="/wiki/Portal:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia">Contents</A></LI><LI id="n-featuredcontent"><A href="/wiki/Portal:Featured_content" title="Featured content – the best of Wikipedia">Featured content</A></LI><LI id="n-currentevents"><A href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Find background information on current events">Current events</A></LI><LI id="n-randompage"><A href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]" accesskey="x">Random article</A></LI><LI id="n-sitesupport"><A href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" title="Support us">Donate to Wikipedia</A></LI><LI id="n-shoplink"><A href="//shop.wikimedia.org" title="Visit the Wikipedia store">Wikipedia store</A></LI>				</UL>
							</DIV>
		</DIV>
			<DIV class="portal" role="navigation" id="p-interaction" aria-labelledby="p-interaction-label">
			<H3 id="p-interaction-label">Interaction</H3>
			<DIV class="body">
								<UL>
					<LI id="n-help"><A href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia">Help</A></LI><LI id="n-aboutsite"><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Find out about Wikipedia">About Wikipedia</A></LI><LI id="n-portal"><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="About the project, what you can do, where to find things">Community portal</A></LI><LI id="n-recentchanges"><A href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]" accesskey="r">Recent changes</A></LI><LI id="n-contactpage"><A href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia">Contact page</A></LI>				</UL>
							</DIV>
		</DIV>
			<DIV class="portal" role="navigation" id="p-tb" aria-labelledby="p-tb-label">
			<H3 id="p-tb-label">Tools</H3>
			<DIV class="body">
								<UL>
					<LI id="t-whatlinkshere"><A href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/National_Senior_Certificate" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]" accesskey="j">What links here</A></LI><LI id="t-recentchangeslinked"><A href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/National_Senior_Certificate" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</A></LI><LI id="t-upload"><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</A></LI><LI id="t-specialpages"><A href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]" accesskey="q">Special pages</A></LI><LI id="t-permalink"><A href="/w/index.php?title=National_Senior_Certificate&oldid=837110357" title="Permanent link to this revision of the page">Permanent link</A></LI><LI id="t-info"><A href="/w/index.php?title=National_Senior_Certificate&action=info" title="More information about this page">Page information</A></LI><LI id="t-wikibase"><A href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6978392" title="Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata item</A></LI><LI id="t-cite"><A href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=National_Senior_Certificate&id=837110357" title="Information on how to cite this page">Cite this page</A></LI>				</UL>
							</DIV>
		</DIV>
			<DIV class="portal" role="navigation" id="p-coll-print_export" aria-labelledby="p-coll-print_export-label">
			<H3 id="p-coll-print_export-label">Print/export</H3>
			<DIV class="body">
								<UL>
					<LI id="coll-create_a_book"><A href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=National+Senior+Certificate">Create a book</A></LI><LI id="coll-download-as-rdf2latex"><A href="/w/index.php?title=Special:ElectronPdf&page=National+Senior+Certificate&action=show-download-screen">Download as PDF</A></LI><LI id="t-print"><A href="/w/index.php?title=National_Senior_Certificate&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</A></LI>				</UL>
							</DIV>
		</DIV>
			<DIV class="portal" role="navigation" id="p-lang" aria-labelledby="p-lang-label"><BUTTON class="uls-settings-trigger" title="Language settings"></BUTTON>
			<H3 id="p-lang-label">Languages</H3>
			<DIV class="body">
								<UL>
									</UL>
				<DIV class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><SPAN class="wb-langlinks-add wb-langlinks-link"><A href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6978392#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Add interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Add links</A></SPAN></DIV>			</DIV>
		</DIV>
				</DIV>
		</DIV>
				<DIV id="footer" role="contentinfo">
						<UL id="footer-info">
								<LI id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 18 April 2018, at 19:39.</LI>
								<LI id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <A rel="license" href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_3.0_Unported_License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</A><A rel="license" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/" style="display:none;"></A>;
additional terms may apply.  By using this site, you agree to the <A href="//wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Terms_of_Use">Terms of Use</A> and <A href="//wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Privacy_policy">Privacy Policy</A>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <A href="//www.wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</A>, a non-profit organization.</LI>
							</UL>
						<UL id="footer-places">
								<LI id="footer-places-privacy"><A href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="wmf:Privacy policy">Privacy policy</A></LI>
								<LI id="footer-places-about"><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</A></LI>
								<LI id="footer-places-disclaimer"><A href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer" title="Wikipedia:General disclaimer">Disclaimers</A></LI>
								<LI id="footer-places-contact"><A href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</A></LI>
								<LI id="footer-places-developers"><A href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/How_to_contribute">Developers</A></LI>
								<LI id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><A href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</A></LI>
								<LI id="footer-places-mobileview"><A href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Senior_Certificate&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</A></LI>
							<LI style="display: none;"><A href="#">Enable previews</A></LI></UL>
										<UL id="footer-icons" class="noprint">
										<LI id="footer-copyrightico">
						<A href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/"><IMG src="/static/images/wikimedia-button.png" srcset="/static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x" width="88" height="31" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" /></A>					</LI>
										<LI id="footer-poweredbyico">
						<A href="//www.mediawiki.org/"><IMG src="/static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_88x31.png" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" srcset="/static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x" width="88" height="31" /></A>					</LI>
									</UL>
						<DIV style="clear: both;"></DIV>
		</DIV>

<DIV id="mwe-popups-svg"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="0" height="0"><defs><clipPath id="mwe-popups-mask"><polygon points="0 8, 10 8, 18 0, 26 8, 1000 8, 1000 1000, 0 1000"></polygon></clipPath><clipPath id="mwe-popups-mask-flip"><polygon points="0 8, 274 8, 282 0, 290 8, 1000 8, 1000 1000, 0 1000"></polygon></clipPath><clipPath id="mwe-popups-landscape-mask"><polygon points="0 8, 174 8, 182 0, 190 8, 1000 8, 1000 1000, 0 1000"></polygon></clipPath><clipPath id="mwe-popups-landscape-mask-flip"><polygon points="0 0, 1000 0, 1000 242, 190 242, 182 250, 174 242, 0 242"></polygon></clipPath></defs></svg></DIV><DIV class="suggestions" style="display: none; font-size: 13px;"><DIV class="suggestions-results"></DIV><DIV class="suggestions-special"></DIV></DIV></BODY></HTML>

document_title: National Senior Certificate

token: National

token: Senior

token: certificate

token: wikipedia

token: Jump

token: to

token: navigation

token: search

token: <Table>

token: <Tr>

token: <Td>

token: This

token: article

token: needs

token: additional

token: citations

token: for

token: verification

token: Please

token: help

token: improve

token: this

token: by

token: adding

token: reliable

token: sources

token: Unsourced

token: material

token: may

token: challenged

token: and

token: removed

token: April

token: Learn

token: how

token: when

token: remove

token: template

token: message

token: </Table>

token: The

token: Certificate

token: NSC

token: is

token: high

token: school

token: diploma

token: the

token: main

token: leaving

token: South

token: Africa

token: commonly

token: known

token: as

token: matriculation

token: matric

token: grade

token: previously

token: Further

token: Education

token: Training

question_text: what are the requirements of passing national senior certificate