climatedepot--2020-09-02--Democrats try to ride Hurricane Laura to Green New Deal

Marc Morano , editor-in-chief of the Climate Depot : “ The media and climate change campaigners have been lying to you , ” Morano told American Wire .
“ Landfalls of major hurricanes in the U.S. have actually declined over the past one hundred and forty years , long before humans began burning fossil fuels , ” says Morano ... Morano points out that data shows a distinct lack of intense storms : “ What the media has largely ignored is the fact that between 2005 and 2017 no major hurricanes made landfall in the United States .
A major @ @ @ @ @ @ @ larger .
That twelve-year span was the longest extended period of no major hurricanes hitting the U.S. mainland since at least 1900.
” Excerpt : The New York Times claims that hurricane intensity is caused by climate change : “ That kind of rapid intensification — to use the scientific term for it — used to be rare .
In recent years , it has become more common .
And that change is a useful summary of how climate change is… affecting hurricanes , ” reports the Times .
Marc Morano , editor-in-chief @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of claims are not true .
“ The media and climate change campaigners have been lying to you , ” Morano told American Wire .
“ Landfalls of major hurricanes in the U.S. have actually declined over the past one hundred and forty years , long before humans began burning fossil fuels , ” says Morano .
The Times says that due to climate change we should be seeing more storms like Laura : “ Since the 1990s , the frequency of extreme hurricanes — either Category 4 or 5 — has roughly @ @ @ @ @ @ @ single storm is solely a result of climate change , of course .
Yet climate change is leading to more storms like Laura.
” Morano points out that data shows a distinct lack of intense storms : “ What the media has largely ignored is the fact that between 2005 and 2017 no major hurricanes made landfall in the United States .
A major hurricane is defined as category three or larger .
That twelve-year span was the longest extended period of no major hurricanes hitting the U.S. mainland since at least 1900.
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ may depend on questionable science , it does support presidential candidate Joe Biden ’ s campaign platform which calls for “ drastic action to address the climate emergency.
” Biden ’ s campaign website states : “ From coastal towns to rural farms to urban centers , climate change poses an existential threat – not just to our environment , but to our health , our communities , our national security , and our economic well-being .
It also damages our communities with storms that wreak havoc on our towns and cities and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ drastic action ” called for by Biden is to “ Ensure the U.S. achieves a 100 % clean energy economy and reaches net-zero emissions no later than 2050 , ” says the Biden campaign .
The year 2050 may not be soon enough for climate change extremists , such as Democrat Congresswoman Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez .
“ The world is going to end in twelve years if we don ’ t address climate change , ” Ocasio-Cortez said last year in rolling out her now-famous “ Green New Deal .
”


climatedepot--2020-09-02--USA’s restrictive environmental regulations giving China ‘dangerous advantage over the U.S. in rare

USA’s restrictive environmental regulations giving China ‘dangerous advantage over the U.S. in rare earth mining’ causing ‘national security crisis’

“ The Middle East has the oil , but China has the rare earths , ” spoken by Deng Xiaoping , Supreme Leader of China , in 1992 .
What did he mean and what did he know that we didn ’ t ?
The “ rare earths ” that Deng was referring to are known as “ Rare-Earth Elements ” ( REEs ) .
They are composed of 17 complex elements that are unpronounceable , but are essential in four industries : high tech , pharmaceuticals , national defense , and energy .
The list of products in which @ @ @ @ @ @ @ computers , iPhones , TV screens , guided missiles , fighter jets , sonar systems , electric grid , solar panels , 5G technology , and on and on .
OK , so what ’ s the problem ?
The problem is we are almost completely dependent on China for these precious REEs !
“ Black Swan ” events like COVID-19 underscore the supply chain disruptions that can occur when products such as rare earths are concentrated in one country , like China ” , says Mike Rosenstreich , Hexagon Energy Materials managing @ @ @ @ @ @ @ COVID-19 and China ’ s involvement .
It appears they caused it , spread it , covered it up , and are profiting from it .
In addition to the growing outrage , the world is suddenly focused on supply chains and “ made in China.
” The same country that has no concern for child labor laws or toxic waste ; that considers intellectual property theft a national strategy ; that weaponized REEs against Japan in 2010 , and threatened us during the trade negotiations in 2019 , has now left no @ @ @ @ @ @ @ oil and China is the 21st century OPEC !
They threaten , not only our national security , but our way of life as well .
Because they control almost 100 % of the market , they can leverage , thru overproduction and price manipulation , to bankrupt their competition .
In fact , in 2015 , China relaxed REE export rules and flooded the market .
Prices fell , forcing Molycorp – owner of the only functioning REE mine in the U.S. ( at Mountain Pass in California ) – to file @ @ @ @ @ @ @ in this position thru a combination of ignorance , apathy , incompetence , and being our own worst enemy .
Until the 1990s , we were the leading exporter of REEs .
Then , while we were undermining exploration and mining of REEs , China was expanding their supplies and tightening their control over production and exports .
By 2008 , they controlled over 90 % of world production ; by 2011 , 97 % .
As China was boosting its R & D of REEs , we were engaging in policies that @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to the mining industry .
The Bureau of Mines was closed .
Increased regulations caused the granting of multiple permits to take from 7-10 years .
100s of thousands of acres of federal land was withdrawn from exploration .
Concern over toxic waste created neverending litigation .
According to the United Stated Geological Survey ( USGS ) , we have enough REEs to last 100s of years .
We are suffering from policy , not geology .
America was in control of global production of REEs thru the ‘ 60s ; but , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ little commercial value .
That was to change in the ‘ 80s when GM secured a multimillion-dollar contract from the Pentagon .
They discovered a new category of magnets many times more powerful than existing ones .
Suddenly , stereos , earphones , and TVs lasted longer .
Computers became smaller and faster .
Cars became faster and safer .
Missiles became more accurate .
Fossil fuels became easier to extract and refine .
MRIs became clearer .
By 1994 , permanent magnets were made in America , by Americans , sold in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ is here that China enters the picture .
Aided by cheap labor , government cooperation , and no environmental concerns , China surpassed the U.S. in the mining and exporting of REEs .
However , they had one problem .
They lacked the technical expertise to refine the REEs into permanent magnets .
Never let it be said that we don ’ t come to the aid of our adversaries in their time of need .
This is where the story gets ugly .
General Motors sold its rare-earth magnet technology to Magnequench @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to our government to get export licenses to transfer their production line to the PRC , and then shut down U.S. operations .
Having outsourced military and commercial control should have triggered major concerns .
President Clinton had the authority to block the sale if there was “ credible evidence…that the foreign exercising of control might take action that threatens to impair national security ” ( 1988 Federal law ) .
Neither Clinton nor the Committee on Foreign Investment in the U.S. ( CFIUS ) found such “ credible evidence.
” So , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ sale took place .
It gets still worse .
Clinton closed the US Bureau of Mines .
They had been the leading player in the R & D of energy resources , including REEs .
Most domestic production was shut down and relocated to…China !
In 1998 , Clinton closed the last independent mine in the U.S. at Mountain Pass .
The reason ?
It threatened the existence of the desert tortoise ( not kidding ) .
Clinton wasn ’ t done .
On October 10 , 2000 , he signed the China @ @ @ @ @ @ @ China unfettered access to American technology that produced REE magnets .
The next two administrations did nothing to reverse these errors .
There were two meager attempts to re-open Mountain Pass .
Neither was successful .
Faced with the same government restrictions , permit delays , environmental concerns , and endless lawsuits , it filed bankruptcy in 2015 .
The bankruptcy court sold the assets to another Chinese consortium .
Indeed , “ we have met the enemy and he is us.
” James Lifton , founder of the REE consulting firm Technology @ @ @ @ @ @ @ never regain dominance .
“ China has invested billions in rare earths…they ’ ve educated thousands of mineral engineers and filed hundreds of patents…and now , suddenly , we want to bring it back to the U.S. ?
“ No way !
” And now , as Paul Harvey used to say “ Here ’ s the rest of the story.
” Change is on the march .
China ’ s national policy of conspiracies , cover-ups , and IP theft has finally backfired .
All of a sudden , focus has turned @ @ @ @ @ @ @ “ Why do we depend on China for everything from clothing , to industrial chemicals , to pharmaceuticals , to , even REEs ?
” Our founding fathers understood the problem of import overreliance – that domestic production of essential goods was crucial to the success and independence of the new nation .
Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton put it this way : “ The wealth…independence and security of a country appear to be connected with the prosperity of manufacturers .
Every nation…ought to endeavor to possess within itself all the essentials of national @ @ @ @ @ @ @ well to heed this advice .
It is timeless .
Hoping is not a plan .
Without action , we could easily see ourselves with shortages of “ essentials of national security.
” Without much attention , on July 24 , 2017 , a Presidential Declaration was issued directing the federal government to develop a plan to reduce America ’ s dependence on REEs from China .
Since then , a host of executive orders and House legislation have been issued : S1052 authorizes the Office of Fossil Energy to develop separation technologies @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ; S2093 allows for investment exempt from anti-trust laws .
Others include EO13817 , SO3359 , HR2689 , Reclamation Act HR2262 , Hardrock Mining and Reclamation Act S1386 .
Those , and more , for the first time define REEs as “ critical minerals ” and further , “ increase their exploration , mining , concentration , separation , alloying , recycling , and reprocessing ; and streamline permitting for creating mines for the benefit of the American people and in an environmentally acceptable manner.
” Senators Cotton , Blackburn and Menendez are @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ’ s Medicine Cabinet ” ( SAM-C Act ) .
It is a bipartisan effort to address our supply chain vulnerability by encouraging drug manufacturers to bring “ active pharmaceutical ingredients ” ( APIs ) creation back to this country .
Although dealing with pharmaceuticals , it could serve as a template for REE legislation .
The Administration seems to have awakened .
“ The department continues to work closely with the president , Congress , and the industrial base to mitigate reliance on China for rare-earth minerals , ” says Lt. Col. @ @ @ @ @ @ @ According to the Pentagon ’ s Ellen Lord , “ We will be coming out with a whole series of actions…to make sure we work with our allies…so that we don ’ t have the dependency on China.
” Tim Perry , from the Interior Department , noted “ Any shortages of these resources [ REEs ] constitutes a strategic vulnerability.
” On July 22 , 2019 , President Trump invoked a section of the Defense Production Act ( DPA ) authorizing funds to American corporations for the domestic mining of REEs .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ in 2019 , seeks to wean the government and defense contractors away from seeking their supplies of REEs from hostile countries .
Mountain Pass mine has re-opened , but is doing no refining and is partially owned by Shenghe Resources , a Chinese holding company .
There is also growing interest in R & D for new REE technologies .
Production from coal , sea water , and off shore mining is among them .
Hexagon Energy Materials is developing a process it calls Rapid SX .
It turbocharges metal extraction and separating @ @ @ @ @ @ @ …it can take months for metals to start off at one end of a conventional plant and end up as product on the other side…we think that becomes a matter of hours , perhaps a day or so , with Rapid SX.
” Obviously , the goal of any new technology is to make a cheaper , more efficient , and cleaner product .
It has also been suggested that a retired Naval ship , carrier or cruiser , for example , be remodeled to perform REE refining .
It could be done @ @ @ @ @ @ @ cost and feasibility remain an open question .
Of particular interest is USA Rare Earth which has opened a pilot plant in Colorado that uses a process allowing them to fully separate and purify REEs .
This would enable them to compete with China on pricing .
All noble ventures .
All remain works in progress .
Still , the path has been set .
There is clearly growing interest and action in government and private sectors .
American ambition , know-how , and creativity have been triggered .
These are necessary to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ disrupt China ’ s dominance over the REE supply chain .
Companies with some interest in re-entering the market include : Australia-based Lynas Corp , Texas Mineral Resources , Alaska ’ s UCore Minerals , Materion , Canada ’ s Medallion Resources Ltd , Search Minerals Inc , Nebraska ’ s NioCorp Developments Ltd , and Texas ’ Blue Line Corp .
These , and other companies will need federal funds for their REE projects .
However , there will be no serious interest from the private sector as long as the following @ @ @ @ @ @ @ dedicated to mining , a prolonged permit process , toxic waste produced at the refining stage , EPA interference , and endless legal challenges .
And , of course , I must include the contributions of our own arrogance , apathy , ignorance , and naivete .
And yet , we also have a memory .
We remember the oil embargo of ’ 73 .
If it takes the pain of that memory to commit to “ never again , ” then so be it .
The first function of government is to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ need government to put country before party or politics .
The reality is , creating a viable , effective REE mining business from scratch could take years .
Ryan Castilloux , of rare earth research firm Adamas Intelligence , called the governments ’ actions to date “ toes in the water.
” There must be more bipartisan , definitive action…NOW !
What ’ s it going to take ?
China ’ s military marching into Hong Kong or , perhaps , completing military bases on the South China Sea islands thus controlling the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ have ?
Warn against , threaten sanctions , and , of course , the old standby UN resolution ?
And when China threatens to restrict or cut off our REEs…then what ?
Instead of having another December 7th or September 11th awakening , we need to be pro-active…this time .
There has been enough testimony before Congress , enough Executive Orders , enough proposed legislation .
ACT !
Regardless of the history , the mistakes , new government interest , etc.
, there remain two complex , currently impenetrable obstacles to establishing a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and produced at the refining stage of production .
At this time , the U.S. has no uniform permit process or guidance for miners .
They must satisfy federal and state-specific requirements .
They must also contend with a myriad of local standards which vary depending on the location of the mine .
Sometimes , these requirements and standards overlap or even conflict with each other .
While their permit applications are being held at bay in a bureaucratic maze , miners must also keep abreast of changes in rules and legal standards @ @ @ @ @ @ @ number of federal , state , and local laws can require 70 , or more , permits .
The process can take from 7-10 years .
Here are some definitive steps in the right direction to overcome this roadblock : ( 1 ) Congressional action – legislation to create a national “ Rare Earth Coordination Board.
” Its purpose would be to eliminate duplicate and conflicting laws – to streamline the process .
One agency .
One set of rules .
( 2 ) Form statelevel review panels to reduce confusion .
( @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the Constitution which states that federal law preempts state and local laws .
In that case , miners would only have to deal with the Department of the Interior to drill on federal land .
The second major obstacle , toxic waste , is even more frustrating .
The byproduct of REE extraction produces dangerous gases and radioactive wastewater .
Obviously , no legislative fix is relevant .
There is no effective , practical filtration , purification system currently available .
Huge investment in such systems are required .
Currently , there are @ @ @ @ @ @ @ at best , are years away from conclusions .
Until research on them is completed , we must find alternate , viable substitutes for REEs , and stockpile them for emergencies .
We challenge Secretary of Energy Dan Brouillette , DNI Ratcliff , Joint Chiefs Chairman Milly , Chief of Staff Meadows , and Secretary of Defense Esper to end the procrastination .
Petition , influence , coerce , convince the President .
Re-open federal lands for exploration , create public/private partnerships with tax incentives , encourage alternate sources , fund research for @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , insulate against frivolous litigation , protect the market against Chinese manipulation by agreeing to purchase REEs from American producers .
One caveat .
Keep in mind , as we raise our collective fists and repeat with patriotic fervor , “ never again , ” there is a cost…literally .
With domestic production , prices go up .
But remember , when you pay “ too much ” for your next computer , iPhone , TV , or car , it probably wasn ’ t “ made in China.
” We have succeeded @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , we are the world leader in oil and natural gas production .
We can do the same with REEs .
But first , a re-think is necessary .
REEs are the 21st century oil and we have an embarrassment of riches .
The executive orders and pending legislation are a good start .
It is clear the Trump administration is committed to an improved mineral policy .
However , commitment is not enough .
ACTION !
Pini Althaus , CEO of USA Rare Earth , claims that the mine in Colorado alone @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the economy .
We ’ re talking about a $ 500 billion to $ 1 trillion impact , in terms of job creation and manufacturing… ” If REE independence and supply chain disruption still aren ’ t enough motivation , perhaps the bonus of increased mining-related GDP , tax revenue , and jobs created will make it irresistible to the businessman perspective of our President .
Previously described efforts have , thus far , been directed to rejuvenate a domestic REE industry that evaporated three decades ago .
If lawmakers , the Pentagon @ @ @ @ @ @ @ taking this seriously , why has there been such little progress and such reluctance from the private sector ?
Because no one invests in promises and “ taking it seriously.
” Many REE experts point out that that the government interest thus far provides market solutions for what is actually a non-market problem .
We alluded to it earlier .
The Chinese REE mining industry is stateowned .
Therefore , it controls production and pricing .
Normal economic rules don ’ t apply .
The entire market can be rendered uneconomical if Beijing @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
Uncertain technology .
It ’ s time to put the U.S. REE mining industry on a level playing field with China .
Everyone agrees that this is a national security issue .
Therefore , in the name of national security , create a federal government entity to underwrite the entire process .
Nationalize the industry .
There is precedent – the shipyards during World War II .
The complete solution has many tentacles : legislative efforts , federal cooperation to relax permit delays , R & D in new technology to reduce @ @ @ @ @ @ @ We hope the Administration is up to the challenge .

Thank you for being patient. We are doing some work on the site and will be back shortly.


climatedepot--2020-09-04--A simplified global warming tutorial

A simplified global warming tutorial

If climate scientists used a simpler vocabulary when explaining to the public about adding carbon dioxide and methane to the atmosphere , they would have a harder time scaring them .
Our goal is to undermine the resulting fear by making the science of climate change simple and easy to understand , so we are going to have a simple discussion about it .
And we are starting with the question ; what is Radiative Forcing .
Well , it is simply the difference between how much sunlight is absorbed by the Earth during the day and how much of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
Radiative forcing is calculated in watts per square meter of the Earth ( the same watts that measure your light bulbs intensity ) .
Typically , both values are the same , and the Earth ’ s temperature is stable .
Changes to this balance are what causes the temperature to rise or fall .
If the changes occur over long periods , we call it climate change .
Positive radiation forcing means the Earth is not sending as much energy back to space as it receives from the sun .
Climate @ @ @ @ @ @ @ carbon dioxide and methane into our atmosphere is causing the Earth to send less heat energy back to space at night than it gets from the sun during the daytime , hence warming .
That may be true , but this change is so small it can not be measured , so it might just as well be called ZERO , and we have nothing to fear .
CO2 and methane levels have increased a great deal from the benchmark “ the pre-industrial year ” 1755 .
Since 1755 CO2 increased from 280 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ % ) and methane from about 0.75 PPM to about 1.8 PPM ( +140 % ) .
From figure 1 ( ai ) , we also see that these volume increases have also increased their radiative forcing ; CO2 by about 1.8 Watts/m2 and methane by about 0.6 w/m2 .
On a molecule , by molecule basis , methane is about 85ii times more powerful , but because there is so much more CO2 in the atmosphere , methane ’ s importance is greatly diminished .
The quantities of CO2 and methane we @ @ @ @ @ @ @ plus human-made sources .
Natural sources include bio-decomposition , volcanoes , coal , the oceans , and especially gas deposits .
The human-contribution is only a few percent .
In Figure 2 , iii we see that both methane and CO2 are logarithmic functions , meaning as the volumes keep increasing , the incrementally added energy diminishes , eventually reaching their asymptotic limits .
This declining relationship is best illustrated in Figure 3iv in greater detail and is based on the ideal condition of a transparent atmosphere .
For example , the first @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , but the next 100 PPM , going from 100 to 200 PPM , generates only 6 Watts/m2 ( 28-22 ) , and going from 200 to 300 PPM generates only 2 Watts/m2 .
( 30-28 ) .
By the time we reach about 1,000 PPM , the energy tops out at about 37-38 Watts/m2 .
At about 1,000 PPM , adding more CO2 essentially generates no additional measurable energy .
Furthering our explanation of Radiative Forcing , which we said is a measure of energy , stated in watts per square meter @ @ @ @ @ @ @ for one second on a flat surface , w/m2 .
The goal is not to let human activities interfere with the natural balance of the amount of solar energy coming to Earth , how much exits , or how long the Earth holds on to it before it escapes to space .
For example , water va por , clouds , CO2 , methane , and other gases , capture and hold some of this heat for a time , like a greenhouse .
But especially note at this point , the greenhouse @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Earth .
Without it , the Earth would be 86 degrees F colder and a lifeless ice ball .
Without CO2 , plants can not manufacture sugars , the first step for all food and life on Earth .
There are two benchmark ways to measure this energy ; first , is the amount coming from the sun to the Earth .
It is measured by an imaginary mirror “ positioned ” over Earth ’ s equator , about 500 Kilometers up and facing squarely at the sun .
It usually amounts to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ it to what is the Earth ’ s average sun energy input to be about 341 watts/m sq .
About 30 % of this energy is immediately reflected back to space , mostly by the clouds .
The rest is absorbed and heats the Earth , then cools at night by radiating this heat/energy up , escaping towards space .
But one type of radiation , called short wave Infrared , is captured by the greenhouse gases and water vapor , and clouds are holding on to it for a time .
This @ @ @ @ @ @ @ how much of this small quantity of radiation energy is absorbed , and how long it ’ s held before finally escaping to space .
In Figure 2 , from a visual comparison between CO2 and methane , it appears that methane is slightly behind CO2 on their respective saturation curves .
This leads us to estimate that methane might saturate at about 0.8 to 0.9 Watts/m2 at about 2.0 PPM .
So , no matter how much more CO2 and Methane we add to the atmosphere , combined , they will not @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Watts/m2 or representing an increase of about 0.147 % from where we are today at baseline 341 Watts/m .
Meaning ; if the average “ Global ” temperature in your back yard today is 60.00 0 F , these gases will not increase the temperature by more than 0.1 to 0.20 F no matter that we double them and double them again and again .
Enjoy your burgers and SUV ’ s ; these gases are that inconsequential .
Now WHERE the methane and CO2 produce excess heat energy , and thus the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
Figure 4 provides some interesting information.v The blue line shows where the CO2 heat is added in the atmosphere as a function of altitude .
The red dashed line represents the temperature change from the doubling of the atmospheric CO2 from 420 PPM to 840 PPM .
( We also use CO2 here as a proxy for methane because , with methane , the change in temperatures would not be noticeable . )
This red line shows a tiny increase in atmospheric tropospheric temperature from sea level to 11-15 kilometers up .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ temperatures above that .
This intuitively makes sense .
If we apply more of this limited amount of heat in the lower levels , there would be less to apply in the upper levels .
More importantly , this incremental heat seems to stay in the lower levels and does not mix well at the higher levels until it finally starts to exit the Earth ’ s atmosphere and to reestablish thermal equilibrium .
The IPCC and climate change alarmists are happy to go with this scenario since 99 % of humanity and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ They are correct , and this is the climate change reality we care about .
Even thermodynamic experts are happy that no energy has magically been created , just spread around differently .
College professors are happy and fold it into their climate models , and the press and politicians are happy .
Life is good .
But then reality starts leaking through the media filters , with questions raised like ; what is happening with water vapor and the water in the clouds while all the above temperature changes are happening and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , why are the climate models consistently overstating temperatures compared to the unadulterated satellite and balloon recorded temperatures ; Figure 5 ?
It ’ s all about clouds .
It ’ s clouds .
There is evidence that water vapor and water in the clouds account for 70 % to 95 % of all radiative forcing , which induces global warming .
There is also ample data and evidence that higher global temperatures will cause an increase in water vapor in the atmosphere .
Alarmists jump on this ; A-HA , more water @ @ @ @ @ @ @ call it a positive feedback loop .
They claim that the increased greenhouse gases and temperatures trigger an increase in water vapor , thereby amplifying the already increased temperature .
Is it proof of the positive feedback loop , thus make global warming even worse and happening faster ?
Back to basics .
But where are the facts ?
As Dr. Happer points out in the referenced paper , it ’ s all about water vapors and how little scientists know about it .
Dr. Richard Lindzen and Dr. Judith Curry , both @ @ @ @ @ @ @ IPCC team , certainly support this position .
So , where are the facts and what we can infer from them ?
There is evidence that water vapor accounts from 70 % to 95 % of all radiative f orcing induced global warming .
There is also data and evidence that higher global temperatures will cause an increase in water vapor in the atmosphere .
But , in our aerosol-rich atmosphere , more water vapor also means more , and denser , and bigger clouds , especially in the lower troposphere where most @ @ @ @ @ @ @ That means more of the sun ’ s energy is reflected in outer space , and less solar heat is left to warm the air , lands , and seas and less to radiate back up .
Maybe the assumed 30 % of the sun ’ s energy reflected by the air and clouds increases to 31 % or 34 % or some other number ?
Secondly , in the atmosphere , when water vapor transitions from its gaseous state to liquid water or ice crystals , it releases significant amounts of heat @ @ @ @ @ @ @ space , thereby further cooling the troposphere .
Could these combined effects actually cause a net cooling of the planet ?
Trouble is scientists do not know how to calculate the impact of all these changes and their dynamics accurately .
While the climate change alarmists are happy to credit the global energy budget with the increased radiative forcing , do they debit the global energy budget by the increased albedo and the increase in water vapor condensation cooling , and if so , how and with what accuracy ?
Is this why @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ?
We don ’ t know clouds —- aat — all .
Going back to the referenced Dr. Happer article , it probably all balances out , and the laws of thermodynamics are safe , at least for now .
We do not expect layman , untrained in science , too fully understand our simplification of carbon dioxide ’ s role in retaining a little extra heat in our atmosphere .
Our ultimate goal is to show how complex it is and how we do not even understand the system ( especially the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ serious stab at it .
That , however , will not ever stop climate scientists from trying or climate alarmists from trying to scare the public into allowing them to run our lives .
Portions of this article are excerpted from the 2020 book A HITCHHIKERS JOURNEY THROUGH CLIMATE CHANGE by Terigi Ciccone and Dr. Jay Lehr .
The book is the best source for parents and grandparents to explain climate change reality to their children .


climatedepot--2020-09-04--New Study: An East Antarctica Region Has Cooled -0.7°C Per Decade Since The 1980s

Scientists extend a 15-station East Antarctica record from 1986 to 2017 and find a -0.7°C per decade cooling ( -1.4°C total ) until 2006 , but no trend from 2006-2017 .
Doran et al ( 2002 ) reported “ a net cooling on the Antarctic continent between 1966 and 2000 ” .
Obryk et al .
( 2020 ) – with P.T .
Doran a co-author – have extended the Doran et al .
( 2002 ) record to 2017 and found the -0.7°C cooling that lasted from 1986 to 2000 persisted until 2006 .
A recovery since 2006 has @ @ @ @ @ @ @ be documented as statistically significant .
Turner et al .
( 2020 ) report cooling of the Antarctic Peninsula since about 2000 and no net warming in East Antarctica since the early 1980s .
Hrbáček and Uxa , 2020 report a “ significant air temperature decrease started around 2000 along most of the Western AP [ Antarctic Peninsula ] .
” Specifically , “ the north‐eastern AP region exhibited a MAAT more than 1°C lower in the period 2006–2015 compared to 1996–2005 , and autumn ( MAM ) air temperature was even about @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 2020 find “ a cooling of -0.60°C/decade of the air temperature for Greenwich Island ” ( Antarctica ) from 1998 to 2015 .
In summary , scientists have been consistently documenting significant cooling trends throughout the Antarctic continent in recent decades despite the common media portrayals of rapid Antarctic warming in response to human activities .


climatedepot--2020-09-04--German Psychotherapists Offer Free Workshops For Youth Struggling With Climate Crisis Emotional Stra

German Psychotherapists Offer Free Workshops For Youth Struggling With Climate Crisis Emotional Strain

Climate alarm fatigue syndrome : Climate alarmism turning the youth into emotional basket cases…once again Germany talks itself into a new psychosis .
Here ’ s a short but interesting report on how all the climate alarmism in Germany is now taking a psychological toll , especially on the youth .
German broadcaster RTL here has an article at its site titled : “ Climate Change and Psyche : Burnout Courses for Demonstrators “ .
According to RTL : One year after the start of the Fridays for Future protests in Lower Saxony , psychologists are observing that the climate @ @ @ @ @ @ @ strain on young people .
Psychotherapists are therefore now offering free workshops , for example in the Hanover region .
Nationwide , therapists have joined forces with “ Psychologists for Future ” – an environmental group of psychologists that now has 400 volunteers who want to support the climate activists.
” Die kalte Sonne comments : “ If you preach climate catastrophe all day long , you will eventually believe it yourself .
Then burnout is not far off .
Fortunately there are now courses against it .
Will the health insurance soon @ @ @ @ @ @ @ alarmism ’ now be a recognized disease ?
”


climatedepot--2020-09-04--Extinction Rebellion Activists Glue Hands To Pavement Outside UK Parliament, Wreak Havoc

Extinction Rebellion ( XR ) protesters have tried to storm Cardiff ’ s new BBC building after demonstrators glued their hands to the pavement outside Parliament on the seventh day of climate chaos – with 232 arrests so far .
The eco-warriors descended on the studios in Central Square in the Welsh capital as some of the 400-strong mob tried and failed to shove past police .
Earlier today fellow activists glued themselves to the ground to block entrances to Parliament in Westminster in a dramatic escalation of their two-week campaign of disruption .
Protesters said they ‘ jumped the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ glue ( themselves ) on to the floor outside the House of Lords ’ .
The tactic , a staple of previous XR demonstrations , was accompanied by scores of others staging a sit-in elsewhere around the perimeter of the parliamentary estate , including at the Carriage Gates .
A separate protest carried out by XR ally Animal Rebellion saw activists locked on top of a pink slaughterhouse truck parked sideways across nearby Victoria Street .
The campaigners said they are demanding ‘ a plant-based food system as a means to mitigate the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ reduce the risk of future pandemics ’ .
They have previously used fake blood in their demonstrations .
Police arrested another 72 Extinction Rebellion activists yesterday as they swooped on demonstrators lying in the road to block Boris Johnson ’ s route to Prime Ministers ’ Questions yesterday .
It brings the total number of eco-warriors detained to 232 since they kick-started their fortnight of chaos in the capital on Friday following a coronavirus recess .
Police said there had been ‘ dozens ’ more arrests today .
The arrests were made for @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Order conditions , obstructing the highway , obstructing police , and assault on an emergency worker .
It comes a day after they blocked Bute Terrace in both directions and caused traffic delays around the city .
Around 400 people are estimated to have attended the protest , which is part of a week-long campaign across the UK .
A spokesman for South Wales Police said : ‘ Officers are currently in attendance at a protest in Central Square in Cardiff .
One person has been arrested on suspicion of committing criminal damage @ @ @ @ @ @ @ with protest organizers and attendees in order to remind them of their obligations under the current Coronavirus legislation and the overarching goal for everyone to take personal responsibility by following Welsh Government regulations to Keep Wales Safe .
‘ We are duty-bound to take into account all relevant legislation , and South Wales Police has strived to maintain a consistent policing style of engaging , explaining and encouraging , and enforcing as last resort where necessary , throughout this public health emergency – an approach we intend to continue.
’ XR spokesperson Tamsin @ @ @ @ @ @ @ said that protesters wanted the Prime Minister to see and hear their action .
… ‘ Disruption is a core tenet of how XR works and how we have managed to achieve so much in a short period of time .
‘ We have been outside Downing Street blocking his route on both sides and of course , he ’ s encountering us here in the square – I think we are impossible to ignore.
’ The post XR Activists Glue Hands To Pavement Outside Parliament , Wreak Havocfirst appeared on Climate Change @ @


climatedepot--2020-09-04--Mining For Green-Energy Materials Threatens Biodiversity, Study Shows

Mining for renewable energy materials could threaten biodiversity , researchers have found .
Scientists at the University of Queensland , Brisbane found a high degree of overlap between areas used for mining essential minerals like lithium , which is used for car batteries , and areas with high levels of biodiversity as yet untouched by industry .
Conservationists are “ often naive to the threats posed by significant growth in renewable energies ” , the researchers said in the study published in the journal Nature Communications , pointing out that 14 percent of protected areas contain metal mines or have @ @ @ @ @ @ @ found that eight percent of mining areas were within the range of areas designated as protected by national governments , and seven percent were within the same range of key biodiversity areas .
Using this metric , 50 million square kilometers of the earth ’ s land surface is influenced by mining , with 82 percent of mining areas focused on elements needed for renewable energy production .
Elements including lithium , cobalt , and nickel are essential for rechargeable batteries , which are used for power storage in wind and solar projects @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
New mines are planned to target these substances , adding to the global surface area covered by mining activities .
“ Increasing the extent and density of mining areas will obviously cause additional threats to biodiversity , and our analysis reveals that a greater proportion of mines targeting materials for renewable energy production may further exacerbate threats to biodiversity in some areas , ” the scientists wrote .
The post Mining For Green-Energy Materials Threatens Biodiversity , Study Shows first appeared on Climate Change Dispatch .


climatedepot--2020-09-04--Meteorologist Joe Bastardi: Activists ‘weaponizing’ weather for climate agenda – The unscientific hi

Meteorologist Joe Bastardi: Activists ‘weaponizing’ weather for climate agenda – The unscientific hits keep on coming — Cyclone energy not rising

Another article that given current actual trends , needs to be challenged : The global Accumulated Cyclone Energy ( ACE ) index is not going up .
This is the objective measurement of the total energy of storms over the planet .
So lets , in a nice way , bring up some challenges to this .
First of all , one severe year in the Caribbean does not a trend make .
Since then and before then and in fact in many years , the Caribbean has been referred to as the graveyard of storms , partly because of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the waters west of NW South America are warm , then pressures are naturally lower over NW S America , This increases low level easterlies through the western and central Caribbean .
When that happens , when air is accelerating away from an area ( the surrounding Atlantic basin ) then there is large scale sinking air to replace it for one , and more wind shear for 2 .
Both are the reason why many meteorologists see the Caribbean as a gauntlet that the storms have to run .
In fact , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ was young , I overheard something I dubbed “ The Texas A and M rule ” on Caribbean storms .
While Hurricane Flora was entering the Caribbean , my father , a student there at the time , brought me up to the weather station .
( He was the oldest freshman on the A and M campus in 1961 and got his degree in meteorology at age 35 , so little Joey was on board for the ride ) .
In any case one of the other students had remarked that for @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to increase its distance from South America and move between 8 and 18 MPH .
The aforementioned phenomena I talked about with the low pressures over NW south America actually cause these to accelerate west away from that rule and the distance does not increase from the S American coast east of 70 west .
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BTW I learned that from Gil Clark in the National Hurricane Center in the 1980s , so forecasters have been aware of these things for many years .
The Caribbean has always been a feast or famine @ @ @ @ @ @ @ major hurricanes in 4 years , Flora in 1963 ( which then stalled over Cuba , prompting Castro to accuse the U.S. of manipulating the weather to destroy his island… good to know that the usual suspects were on board with controlling climate back then too eh ? )
Cleo in 1964 and Inez in 1966 .
Throw in Betsy which struck the Bahamas , Florida and Louisiana in 1965 , .
Then Beulah 1967 which reached Texas as a major and you get 5 years in a row back in the 1960s @ @ @ @ @ @ @ not thru the Caribbean , then close by , that impacted people .
2018/2019 no such thing happened after the big year in 2017 and this year , the weatherbell.com pre-season forecast , just like in 2017 had the islands targeted but so far only 2 tropical storms there .
I showed that scoreboard in the Laura post .
Now if the water is a bit warmer and you get the right conditions , then yes , a storm could be a tad bit stronger than it might have been before .
Or @ @ @ @ @ @ @ warm water for energy , don ’ t always have everything lined up for the worst case .
In fact the worst case is rare , which we are seeing this year .
While the media is fixated on total number , the intensity of the storms on an individual basis is one of the lowest on record ( ACE/Storm ) 2017 was one of the highest on record , over 13/storm , but the DECADE of the 1950s was the highest on record , over 10/storm .
Its like the difference between @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ) and this years big 10 .
Wait a minute , that would be 0/storm so pick another conference .
So let me concede one point .
If the freak event lines up then the storms can be strong .
But how does one explain the 1935 hurricane then , how did that get so strong ?
or Camille ?
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While people gawked at Laura , she came through the Caribbean as a tropical storm , not some cat 3,4 , or 5 major .
Isaias , why didn ’ t it @ @ @ @ @ @ @ hint rule above ) There are many factors involved in tropical cyclones and just because it ’ s a bit warmer does not mean everything has to be worse .
In fact the warming may be distorting the overall global weather pattern enough so while you might see more small storms further north , but there is a disruption of the big classic long tracked beast that maintained intensity all the way to the coast .
Each storm is different and each storm has to be looked at individually .
But its hurricane @ @ @ @ @ @ @ for the man made climate change agenda , hence the articles like this .
I just like to point out there are 2 sides to every story .
And while I marvel at the power of these storms like everyone else , I marvel even more at the people that report on these things without even bothering to get another perspective .
While I show things from the old days like the examples above , being similar , when it comes to the reporting now , its nothing like it used to be @ @ @ @ @ @ @ always looked for a different angle to what they were being told , not just relay something that everyone simply smiles and nods at .


climatedepot--2020-09-04--Extinction Rebellion founder suggests bullets in the head may improve the climate

What happens when delusional people can ’ t convince the masses to agree with them Fury as Extinction Rebellion founder say MPs and business owners ‘ should have bullet put through their heads ’ A BRITISH co-founder of Extinction Rebellion sparked fury after suggesting MPs and business owners “ should have a bullet through their heads ” .
Ex-organic farmer Roger Hallam criticised the people “ who run society ” – saying they were “ culpable ” for the climate catastrophe .
In a recording obtained by Guido , the 54-year-old was heard saying : “ They [ leaders ] @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
“ 1990 might as well give them six months in prison , now maybe you should put a bullet through their head – or rather someone probably will.
” The real crime are the leaders and journalists who feed the delusions for their own profit and power .
Creating things like pap declarations of “ Climate Emergencies ” .
They are not just symbolism , they become the license for extreme responses .
It ’ s a psychological and legal tool where people can both justify their own reckless behaviour to themselves @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of civil disobedience in a court .
Not long back Roger Hallam was calling for Nuremberg style trials .
The founder of Extinction Rebellion wants those responsible for climate change to face Nuremberg-style trials .
Roger Hallam also called for a ‘ World War Two mobilisation ’ of society , with rationing and the confiscation of private property .
Asked how those responsible for climate change should be dealt with , he told The Times : ‘ The question will be who ’ s culpable , in the same way [ as ] @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ‘ maybe [ we ] should put a bullet in the head ’ as punishment .
A bullet here , and a bullet there , and pretty soon we ’ ll be talking about a bloody revolution .
Extinction Rebellion responded that this was old news , and they ’ re resolutely non-violent now .
Roger Hallam supposedly said this a year ago and is not formally involved any more .
But there is no denying that he and Gail Bradbrook co-founded Extinction Rebellion .
They set up the movement after she was @ @ @ @ @ @ @ happily admitted that she flew 11,000 air miles to Costa Rica for a holiday in 2016 where she took the drugs .
She “ tripped ” in every sense of the word , and flew home to the UK to start a movement , separate from her family , end a marriage and “ that was the right thing to do ” .
“ If we ’ re going to have a possibility of living , we ’ re looking at mass socialistic organisation.
” As Guido says : Socialism brought about by @ @ @ @ @ @ @ shows where this leads…


climatedepot--2020-09-04--Fauci goes full pseudoscience: COVID-19 is due to ‘extreme backlashes from nature’ – Urges ‘creative

Fauci goes full pseudoscience: COVID-19 is due to ‘extreme backlashes from nature’ – Urges ‘creative harmony with nature’ to solve

Fauci in new paper : `` Living in greater harmony with nature will require changes in human behavior as well as other radical changes that may take decades to achieve : rebuilding the infrastructures of human existence ... '' Former NYT reporter Alex Berenson responds : `` But , see , if # COVID-19 turns out to be a testing-driven lil-bit-worse-than-a-bad-flu year , what then ?
Maybe we WO N'T need to redesign all of human existence because some 79-year-old bureaucrat wants us to ? ''
`` Why does Dr. Anthony Fauci , a division-level bureaucrat whose day job includes @ @ @ @ @ @ @ brief now includes redesigning all of human society ?
And how monstrous must his ego have become for him to be willing to say so publicly ? ''
Berenson asked .
1/ Hoo boy .
Dr. Anthony Fauci has some advice for us .
“ Living in greater harmony with nature will require changes in human behavior as well as other radical changes that may take decades to achieve : rebuilding the infrastructures of human existence , from cities to homes to workplaces… to recreational and gatherings venues.
” 4/ “ COVID-19… should @ @ @ @ @ @ @ earnest and collectively about living in more thoughtful and creative harmony with nature.
” Fortunately , Dr. Anthony Fauci can lead the way .
I believe this is known as mission creep .
There are other words for it too .
Dr. Anthony Fauci , the 36 year head of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases ( NIAID ) , appears to have embraced something resembling an enviro de-growth movement , arguing in a new “ scientific ” paper that we need to go back to living in “ creative harmony @ @ @ @ @ @ @ future health issues such as pandemics , which have existed since the beginning of the human species .
The bizarre screed , published in Cell Press , reveals one of the nation ’ s longest tenured bureaucrats as someone who is both deeply ideological in his worldview and seemingly completely untethered to reality .
The paper , co authored with Fauci ’ s NIAID colleague , Dr. David Morens , argues that we need to implement extremely necessary but vague policy measures that are “ necessary in controlling future devastating disease emergencies.
” @ @ @ @ @ @ @ policy solutions , but offers hazy sentiments on the supposed damage that human beings are doing .
It does , however , include scary graphics such as the one below that offers more insight into the NIAID bureaucrats ’ worldview .
For months now , Fauci has claimed , without evidence , that non pharmaceutical interventions , such as wearing masks and locking down society , is the key to defeating the COVID-19 pandemic .
Yet there is still not a single study or data point that proves a single non pharmaceutical interventions @ @ @ @ @ @ @ virus .
Still , Fauci insists that human behavior is what will make or break the pandemic .
Now , this latest paper , presumably written while he was recovering from vocal cord surgery ( and taking a short break from his daily routine of endless media appearances ) , takes readers even further down a path of complete speculation and pseudoscience .
“ SARS-CoV-2 ( the virus that causes COVID-19 ) is a deadly addition to the long list of microbial threats to the human species .
It forces us to adapt @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of our relationship to the natural world , ” the paper states .
“ As human societies grow in size and complexity , we create an endless variety of opportunities for genetically unstable infectious agents to emerge into the unfilled ecologic niches we continue to create .
There is nothing new about this situation , except that we now live in a human-dominated world in which our increasingly extreme alterations of the environment induce increasingly extreme backlashes from nature.
” Fauci and his coauthor appear to be taking the position that human dominance @ @ @ @ @ @ @ one that is sure to result in future catastrophes .
That could be true when it comes to subjects such as advanced military weaponry ( high powered nuclear bombs ) , but the paper completely ignores the fact that human innovation has allowed for our lifespans to double since the mid 19th century .
Additionally , it ’ s not as if deadly pandemics are only a recent issue .
The Black Death , which took an estimated 75-200 million lives , occurred 400 years before the Industrial Revolution , and none of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ had a significant negative impact on global health .
COVID-19 , which has had the most sophisticated tracking program in pandemic history , has still registered fewer than 1 million reported deaths worldwide .
Human innovation has allowed for a more sanitary lifestyle , and this has undoubtedly reduced the impact that pandemics and climate events may have had on our lives .
Fauci ’ s seeming embrace of the degrowth movement makes no sense , from a human health perspective .
Rolling back human progress and becoming “ one with nature ” @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , not less .
The paper ends by warning of “ a deadly barrage of coming coronavirus and other emergences.
” “ The COVID-19 pandemic is yet another reminder , added to the rapidly growing archive of historical reminders , that in a human-dominated world , in which our human activities represent aggressive , damaging , and unbalanced interactions with nature , we will increasingly provoke new disease emergences , ” it adds .
“ We remain at risk for the foreseeable future .
COVID-19 is among the most vivid wake-up calls in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ us to begin to think in earnest and collectively about living in more thoughtful and creative harmony with nature , even as we plan for nature ’ s inevitable , and always unexpected , surprises.
” So there you have it , Fauci and crew seem to believe that we are living in a permanent pandemic era , which is the fault of human progress , and one that requires immense , but untold , regressive action to combat .
Simply put , they are now blatantly attempting to leverage the pandemic to @ @ @ @ @ @ @


climatedepot--2020-09-04--It’s Coming! Climate Hustle 2 Set for Sept. 24 Worldwide release! Exposes agenda behind Green New De

It’s Coming! Climate Hustle 2 Set for Sept. 24 Worldwide release! Exposes agenda behind Green New Deal & UN Paris Pact

The film profiles Vaclav Klaus , the former President of the Czech Republic , who lived under Soviet domination of his country .
“ The green agenda and the environmentalist agenda and the fighting climate agenda is trying to basically stop the existence of the free market system which we were fighting for and we were dreaming about in the communist era for decades , ” Klaus explains in the film .
“ They want to dictate it , control , regulate , mastermind from above , ” he added .
It is finally arriving .
Grab the popcorn , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ debate is set to be rocked as CFACT ’ s new skeptical film , Climate Hustle 2 : The Rise of the Climate Monarchy , hosted by actor Kevin Sorbo , is set for a global release online on Thursday September 24 , 2020 at 8pm in your local time zone anywhere in the world .
The movie was set to be released in over 750 theatres in the U.S. and Canada on April 21 , 2020 , but then the COVID lockdowns arrived and the film was moved to September 24 to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ film is the sequel to the smash hit Climate Hustle which was released in 2016 in 400 theatres nationwide and in Canada .
The film torches Hollywood hypocrisy , climate financial corruption , media bias , kids ’ classroom indoctrination , political correctness , and pulls back the curtain on the massive global warming establishment .
The film features the reporting of Marc Morano , the number one ranked ‘ climate contrarian ’ in the media according to a 2019 Study in the Journal Nature .
The 2020 Climate Hustle 2 is set @ @ @ @ @ @ @ elections shape up to be a national referendum on the U.S. ’ s future regarding the Green New Deal and participation in the UN Paris Climate Pact .
“ Are They Trying to Control the Climate Or You ?
” Climate Hustle 2 pulls no punches and goes right to the heart of the Green New Deal and the UN Paris climate pact and exposes the motives behind the climate agenda .
The film features prominent scientists , and policy experts who explain how the agenda to control the climate is about controlling @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Gore , AOC , and the United Nations DO NOT want you to see .
Nationally syndicated columnist Cal Thomas : “ No film debunks the faith of the climate change cult better than Climate Hustle 2 .
And it does it with facts !
” Movie critic Christian Toto of HollywoodinToto.com : “ Climate Hustle 2 will be the most subversive movie of the year , no doubt.
” Kevin Mooney , an investigative reporter with The Daily Signal : “ Climate Hustle 2 builds and expands on the first film ’ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ that debunks alarmist theories standing behind the Green New Deal.
” Michelle Stirling with Friends of Science Society : “ We are in a fight for freedom is the ultimate message of the film.
” The film profiles Vaclav Klaus , the former President of the Czech Republic , who lived under Soviet domination of his country .
“ The green agenda and the environmentalist agenda and the fighting climate agenda is trying to basically stop the existence of the free market system which we were fighting for and we were dreaming about @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ” Klaus explains in the film .
“ They want to dictate it , control , regulate , mastermind from above , ” he added .
The film lays out the climate claims and “ solutions ” and devastates them with such climate experts as Climatologist Dr. Tim Ball , Greenpeace co-Founder Dr. Patrick Moore , MIT Climate Scientist Dr. Richard Lindzen , Climatologist Dr. David Legates , Nobel Prize-Winning Scientist Dr. Ivar Giaever , Geologist Dr. Robert Giegengack and many more .
The film features an exposé on AOC ’ s Green @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the plan .
The film also debunks energy and climate claims made by AOC and her supporters .


climatedepot--2020-09-04--Watch: Morano discusses the California rolling blackouts and energy rationing

Will this be America 's future under a # GreenNewDeal ?
We discuss with our great friend @ ClimateDepot on @ @ @ @ @ WOW .
@ GavinNewsom has finally realized that renewable energy alone ca n't power California @ @ @ @ @ rolling blackouts that convinced him .
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We discuss with @ ClimateDepot on this @ @ @ @ @ : https : //t.co/k7h6FJCsPG pic.twitter.com/XkxOSJM3wN


climatedepot--2020-09-04--Bill Gates: ‘COVID-19 is awful. Climate change could be worse’

A global crisis has shocked the world .
It is causing a tragic number of deaths , making people afraid to leave home , and leading to economic hardship not seen in many generations .
Its effects are rippling across the world .
Obviously , I am talking about COVID-19 .
But in just a few decades , the same description will fit another global crisis : climate change .
As awful as this pandemic is , climate change could be worse .
I realize that it ’ s hard to think about a problem like climate change right now @ @ @ @ @ @ @ human nature to worry only about meeting our most immediate needs , especially when the disaster is as bad as COVID-19 .
But the fact that dramatically higher temperatures seem far off in the future does not make them any less of a problem—and the only way to avoid the worst possible climate outcomes is to accelerate our efforts now .
Even as the world works to stop the novel coronavirus and begin recovering from it , we also need to act now to avoid a climate disaster by building and deploying innovations @ @ @ @ @ @ @ gas emissions .
You may have seen projections that , because economic activity has slowed down so much , the world will emit fewer greenhouse gases this year than last year .
Although these projections are certainly true , their importance for the fight against climate change has been overstated .
Analysts disagree about how much emissions will go down this year , but the International Energy Agency puts the reduction around 8 percent .
In real terms , that means we will release the equivalent of around 47 billion tons of carbon @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ’ s a meaningful reduction , and we would be in great shape if we could continue that rate of decrease every year .
Unfortunately , we can ’ t .
Consider what it ’ s taking to achieve this 8 percent reduction .
More than 600,000 people have died , and tens of millions are out of work .
This April , car traffic was half what it was in April 2019 .
For months , air traffic virtually came to a halt .
To put it mildly , this is not @ @ @ @ @ @ @ continue .
And yet we are still on track to emit 92 percent as much carbon as we did last year .
What ’ s remarkable is not how much emissions will go down because of the pandemic , but how little .
In addition , these reductions are being achieved at , literally , the greatest possible cost .
To see why , let ’ s look at what it costs to avert a single ton of greenhouse gases .
This figure—the cost per ton of carbon averted—is a tool that economists @ @ @ @ @ @ @ carbon-reduction strategies .
For example , if you have a technology that costs $ 1 million , and using it lets you avert the release of 10,000 tons of gas , you ’ re paying $ 100 per ton of carbon averted .
In reality , $ 100 per ton would still be pretty expensive .
But many economists think this price reflects the true cost of greenhouse gases to society , and it also happens to be a memorable round number that makes a good benchmark for discussions .
Now let ’ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ as if it were a carbon-reduction strategy .
Has closing off major parts of the economy avoided emissions at anything close to $ 100 per ton ?
No .
In the United States , according to data from the Rhodium Group , it comes to between $ 3,200 and $ 5,400 per ton .
In the European Union , it ’ s roughly the same amount .
In other words , the shutdown is reducing emissions at a cost between 32 and 54 times the $ 100 per ton that economists consider a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ understand the kind of damage that climate change will inflict , look at COVID-19 and spread the pain out over a much longer period of time .
The loss of life and economic misery caused by this pandemic are on par with what will happen regularly if we do not eliminate the world ’ s carbon emissions .
Let ’ s look first at the loss of life .
How many people will be killed by COVID-19 versus by climate change ?
Because we want to compare events that happen at different points @ @ @ @ @ @ @ change in , say , 2060—and the global population will change in that time , we can ’ t compare the absolute numbers of deaths .
Instead we will use the death rate : that is , the number of deaths per 100,000 people .
As of last week , more than 600,000 people are known to have died from COVID-19 worldwide .
On an annualized basis , that is a death rate of 14 per 100,000 people .
How does that compare to climate change ?
Within the next 40 years , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ raise global mortality rates by the same amount—14 deaths per 100,000 .
By the end of the century , if emissions growth stays high , climate change could be responsible for 73 extra deaths per 100,000 people .
In a lower emissions scenario , the death rate drops to 10 per 100,000 .
In other words , by 2060 , climate change could be just as deadly as COVID-19 , and by 2100 it could be five times as deadly .
The economic picture is also stark .
The range of likely impacts @ @ @ @ @ @ @ quite a bit , depending on which economic model you use .
But the conclusion is unmistakable : In the next decade or two , the economic damage caused by climate change will likely be as bad as having a COVID-sized pandemic every ten years .
And by the end of the century , it will be much worse if the world remains on its current emissions path .
The key point is not that climate change will be disastrous .
The key point is that , if we learn the lessons of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ more informed about the consequences of inaction , and more prepared to save lives and prevent the worst possible outcome .
The current global crisis can inform our response to the next one .
In particular , we should : • Let science and innovation lead the way .
The relatively small decline in emissions this year makes one thing clear : We can not get to zero emissions simply—or even mostly—by flying and driving less .
Of course , cutting back is a good thing for those who can afford to do @ @ @ @ @ @ @ I believe that many people will use teleconferencing to replace some business travel even after the pandemic is over .
But overall , the world should be using more energy , not less—as long as it is clean .
So just as we need new tests , treatments , and vaccines for the novel coronavirus , we need new tools for fighting climate change : zero-carbon ways to produce electricity , make things , grow food , keep our buildings cool and warm , and move people and goods around the world .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ innovations to help the world ’ s poorest people—many of whom are smallholder farmers—adapt to a less predictable climate .
Any comprehensive response to climate change will have to tap into many different disciplines .
Climate science tells us why we need to deal with this problem , but not how to deal with it .
For that , we ’ ll need biology , chemistry , physics , political science , economics , engineering , and other sciences .
• Make sure solutions work for poor countries too .
We don ’ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ will have on the world ’ s poorest people , but I am concerned that by the time this is over , they will have had the worst of it .
The same goes for climate change .
It will hurt the poorest people in the world the most .
Consider climate ’ s impact on death rates .
According to a recent study published by Climate Impact Lab , although climate change will push the overall death rate up globally , the overall average will obscure an enormous disparity between rich and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , climate change will dramatically increase death rates in poor countries near or below the Equator , where the weather will get even hotter and more unpredictable .
The economic pattern will probably be similar : a modest drop in global GDP , but massive declines in poorer , hotter countries .
In other words , the effects of climate change will almost certainly be harsher than COVID-19 ’ s , and they will be the worst for the people who did the least to cause them .
The countries that are contributing @ @ @ @ @ @ @ responsibility to try to solve it .
In addition , clean sources of energy need to be cheap enough so that low- and middle-income countries can buy them .
These nations are looking to grow their economies by building factories and call centers ; if this growth is powered by fossil fuels—which are now the most economical option by far—it will be even harder to get to zero emissions .
When there ’ s a vaccine for the coronavirus , organizations like GAVI will be ready to make sure it reaches the poorest @ @ @ @ @ @ @ is no GAVI for clean energy .
So governments , inventors , and entrepreneurs around the world need to focus on making green technologies cheap enough that developing countries will not only want them , but be able to afford them .
• Start now .
Unlike the novel coronavirus , for which I think we ’ ll have a vaccine next year , there is no two-year fix for climate change .
It will take decades to develop and deploy all the clean-energy inventions we need .
We need to create a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the zero-carbon tools we have now , develop and deploy the many innovations we still need , and help the poorest adapt to the temperature increase that is already locked in .
Although I am spending most of my time these days on COVID-19 , I am still investing in promising new clean energy technologies , building programs that will help innovations scale around the world , and making the case that we need to invest in solutions that will limit the worst impacts of climate change .
Some governments and private investors @ @ @ @ @ @ @ that will help us get to zero emissions , but we need even more to join in .
And we need to act with the same sense of urgency that we have for COVID-19 .
Health advocates said for years that a pandemic was virtually inevitable .
The world did not do enough to prepare , and now we are trying to make up for lost time .
This is a cautionary tale for climate change , and it points us toward a better approach .
If we start now , tap into @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and ensure that solutions work for the poorest , we can avoid making the same mistake with climate change .


climatedepot--2020-09-04--Watch: Skeptical Climate Statistician Dr. Caleb Rossiter testifies to Pennsylvania House

Testimony of Caleb Stewart Rossiter , Ph.D. , Executive Director of the CO2 Coalition Before the Pennsylvania House Environmental Resources and Energy Committee , delivered August 24 , 2020 Chairman Metcalfe , Chairman Vitali , Members of the Committee , it is an honor to have this opportunity to discuss with you the possible impacts of your state ’ s role in what I consider the most important public policy issue of today , the balancing of energy needs and environmental protection .
Not just quality of life , but lives themselves are in the balance , whichever way you @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ’ s important to know why .
I am a former professor of statistics , mathematics , and public policy at American University .
I also worked for many years in and around the U.S. Congress on foreign policy , particularly toward Africa .
My CV is available on my website .
[ 1 ] Having been actively involved in the climate change debate in both of my careers – teaching climate statistics and modeling , and supporting U.S. policies to improve access to electricity in Africa from its current one-third of households @ @ @ @ @ @ @ join an alliance of 55 climate scientists and energy economists called the CO2 Coalition .
When the founder became President Trump ’ s climate adviser on the National Security Council in 2018 , I accepted the position of executive director .
I am happy to report that when I retire at the end of this year , I will be replaced by a talented Pennsylvanian who has testified before this committee in the past , geologist Gregory Wrightstone .
Mark Twain famously identified three descending gradations of falsehood : lies , damn lies @ @ @ @ @ @ @ by the Department of Environmental Protection about the effects of Pennsylvania ’ s participation in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative , I felt like adding an even lower class to that .
Your DEP , charged with providing unbiased analysis to guide policy-makers , traffics in lies , damn lies , statistics…and models .
As a professor I taught not just statistics and mathematical modeling , but also their use in cost-benefit analysis for public policy .
As I constantly told my students , the core responsibility of all of us in these @ @ @ @ @ @ @ not proof .
These are tools to help us evaluate a claim , not stake one .
We must test a variety of assumptions , not just those that make a particular case .
We must include all the costs , not just all the benefits , to find the net effect of a policy decision like RGGI .
My testimony today will cover just a few of the ways in which DEP is committing public policy malpractice by searching for proof , not truth .
DEP has provided you with a lawyer @ @ @ @ @ @ @ accountant ’ s analysis .
This is the sort of thing that gives statistics and modeling a bad name , and encourages the public to distrust rather than appreciate the useful projections of experts in these fields .
Statistics and modeling are often combined into one technique , which we broadly call multiple regression , or , when applied to economics , econometrics .
Using the mathematically-derived equations of probability , which remarkably match the reality of distributions of actual events in the real world , multiple regression controls for all variables so @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of each one .
But DEP dispenses with this technique .
It uses models that can ’ t distinguish between correlation and causation , and simply generate projections of impact based on assumptions , without controlling statistically for how different variables interact with each other , and sum up benefits without considering costs to arrive at a net figure .
That ’ s why I ’ ve added models to Mark Twain ’ s list as a separate , particularly misleading item .
My conclusion is that if you properly included reasonable assumptions @ @ @ @ @ @ @ control for other variables so that you can distinguish simple correlation from true causation , and summed up both costs and benefits , you would find that the RGGI is an act of economic , health , and environmental suicide .
It will raise electricity prices , increase health problems and mortality , and damage the environment .
Ironically , even if it were expanded to the entire nation and the entire world , a RGGI regime would be very likely to have minimal effect on climate variables or even on the level @ @ @ @ @ @ @ So , let ’ s get to it , starting with the lead picture on the DEP website for the RGGI .
Shamefully , incorrectly , in contradiction to all the peer-reviewed science and the conclusions of the UN body that studies the impact of greenhouse gases on climate , DEP starts its cascade of argumentation with a photo of emergency workers surveying a flooded town .
[ 2 ] As a professor of statistics and public policy for many years , I always taught my students about the classic Latin enemies of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ hoc ergo propter hoc .
That means that since one thing happens after another occurs , it must be caused by it ; or , “ correlation is causation.
” CO concentrations in the atmosphere have increased due to industrial energy emissions since 1900 from three parts per million to four .
We have a flood .
The increase must be the cause of the flood .
This is an example of one of the most prevalent and dangerous errors in human learning .
But weather is not climate change .
The UN @ @ @ @ @ @ @ significant change in rates of extreme weather , including floods , since the era in which CO emissionswere large enough to cause measurable warming began around 1950 .
[ 3 ] Let me be clear : as I have testified before the U.S. Congress , the rates per decade of floods , sea-level rise , droughts , wildfires , tornadoes , and hurricanes are no higher today in the United States , and in the world , than they were 100 years ago .
[ 4 ] The DEC implication that CO emissions @ @ @ @ @ @ @ carefully cherry-picked claim that , “ Between 1958 and 2010 , the Northeast U.S. saw more than a 70 % increase in precipitation falling in very heavy rain events ” are nothing but misdirection .
Even if true , this claim in itself provides no backing for the implication that this was a trend rather than a typical fluctuation , and that if it was a trend , its cause was CO -driven warming .
We are not in a CO -driven climate crisis ; that is the scientific fact .
Some models @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a hundred years , but even their estimated damages pale next to the fossil-fueled increase in wealth we will have to manage them .
[ 5 ] And remember , there are benefits to CO emissions as well , since the molecule is a crucial plant and plankton food that improves crop and ocean productivity .
[ 6 ] Now , to economics .
RGGI is not a market-based approach , as claimed on the DEP website .
We already have an energy market based on price and technology , and the result @ @ @ @ @ @ @ energy , and world energy , comes from fossil fuels .
Why ?
Because they are more inexpensive , reliable , and efficient than the current alternatives .
RGGI is a market-distorting approach .
Indeed , its entire purpose is market distortion of its states ’ energy that is generated by the electricity sector .
It exists to tax affordable , reliable fossil fuels even more than they already are net taxedby , as a recent study by our coalition finds , $ 50 billion in the United States , $ 363 billion @ @ @ @ @ @ @ $ 102 billion in the so-called BRIC countries – Brazil , Russia , India , and China .
[ 7 ] In turn , RGGI subsidizes wind and solar with preferential mandates even more than they already are subsidized .
Why ?
Obviously , to get states to use the so-called “ renewable ” sources of electricity .
I put that term in quotation marks to indicate that there is nothing renewable about so-called renewable energy .
The Sun and wind are indeed free and recurring daily , but the infrastructure needed to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ as fossil-fuel intensive , and so just as generative of warming gases and real pollutants like sulfur dioxide , nitrogen oxide , fly ash , and particulate matter , as fossil fuels .
Here ’ s why .
* To have wind turbines and solar panels , and the batteries to store –very poorly at present technologies – the intermittent , expensive , and inefficient energy that wind and solar produce , minerals have to be mined in horrific conditions in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and slightly better conditions at other @ @ @ @ @ @ @ All of this activity is powered by , you guessed it , fossil fuels .
* Then the minerals have to be processed into a usable form , transported to America , and built into final products which are then transported again and erected on huge platforms requiring massive amounts of concrete – another major source of CO emissions , by the way .
* Then the initial electricity must be transformed for lengthy transmission lines that bring it to populated areas thousands of miles from the source .
* And , to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , to date , must be backed up with largely fossil-fueled generation of electricity on demand .
All that expense , all that CO generated to create the “ renewable ” power , all those subsidies paid for by taxpayers , and you still need your gas and coal-fired power plants to keep the lights on .
Detailed analysis of this phenomenon can be found in the work of engineer Norm Rogers , a member of our CO2 Coalition .
[ 8 ] It ’ s really a bad joke so far , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the easiest explanations to follow comes from a funny guy , the left-leaning film-maker Michael Moore , in his new documentary , Planet of the Humans .
Moore , like your Governor Wolf , is a true believer in a fossil-fueled climate crisis , but he knows how to count : the film shows , hilariously , how renewables can ’ t possibly meet our energy needs , so his solution to the supposed climate crisis is to slash our energy use and economic growth .
My advice is to take his first @ @ @ @ @ @ @ his devastating solution to what is so far a non-problem .
Let ’ s look at what DEP says about the economic impact of raising the price of energy : “ Economic modeling shows that participating in RGGI will lead to a net increase of more than 27,000 jobs and add $ 1.9 billion to the Gross State Product in Pennsylvania.
” [ 9 ] Huh ?
You are going to raise the true cost , and probably the market price , of energy dramatically , reduce reliable fuels in favor of intermittent @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to increase jobs and productivity ?
How ’ s that working out for California this week ?
Renewable mandates have taken an effective energy regime in California and turned it into one that even some of the more successful African countries , like South Africa and Egypt , would reject .
Renewable energy , once the government subsidies are factored in , currently costs four times as much per kilowatt-hour as natural gas-fired electricity .
[ 10 ] When states are mandated to provide renewable electricity , their budgets are distorted to support @ @ @ @ @ @ @ along expansion , of cheaper , more reliable , more efficient fossil-fueled electricity .
The result will be blackouts and misery , and reduced economic activity .
We are told by DEP that the full analysis will be available soon .
I can ’ t wait…But for now , we are directed to the Regional Economic Models Inc. , or REMI , and its input-output model .
REMIis part of the LEDS global partnership .
LEDS , a play on the LED , or Light-Emitting Diode bulbs , stands for Low Emissions Development @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the Paris Agreement that President Trump wisely renounced , andis funded by developed country governments to encourage poor countries to do as we say and not as we did .
These countries are told to reject our fossil-fueled route to increased wealth and another 20 years of life expectancy .
This is a prime example of what has been called Eco-imperialism or Green Colonialism , and includes America outsourcing its mining to the Third World , the European Union banning imports of genetically-modified crop varieties from Africa , and foreign aid donors forcing @ @ @ @ @ @ @ reduce the transmission of malaria , or other pesticides to fight locusts .
[ 11 ] Despite the efforts of LEDS , by the way , developing countries are still building coal plants , lots of them , as their economies grow and hence their life expectancy increases .
That ’ s because for them , coal power is so much cheaper and easier to operate and maintain than the alternatives .
Unfortunately , given our current restrictions , these countries are turning to China , and not us , when we have @ @ @ @ @ @ @ models like REMI ’ s change a single parameter , in this case the addition of the money taken from electricity providers in RGGI auctions , and then estimate the effectas it cascades through the economy for a period of time .
[ 12 ] Sure , spending that money creates growth and jobs .
But remember , that exact same amount of money is also removed from the economy as the effective tax is passed along to consumers of the electricity in rate hikes or absorbed by the utilities , so itsimpact @ @ @ @ @ @ @ out by the spending on other goods and services or investment that is foregone .
Your RGGI estimates incorrectly count only benefits and not costs.In addition , the models ignore the loss of competitiveness for your industries and other businesses as the increased cost of energy raises their prices .
And please remember that input-output models are dependent on thousands of parameter estimates that be controlled by the groups that run them .
The father of climate modelswas the famed mathematician and Cold War military theorist John von Neumann , who tried and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ drought in the Soviet Union .
He famously joked , “ with four parameters I can draw an elephant , and with five I can make him wiggle his trunk.
” That claim was recently proved true in a tongue-in-cheek paper by Jürgen Mayer of the Max Planck Institute .
[ 13 ] Mr. Chairman , I recommend to the Committee , and to DEP , a detailed analysis of RGGI ’ s magical thinking that raising energy costs leads to economic growth , by the Cato Institute .
[ 14 ] Now @ @ @ @ @ @ @ health claims : DEP makes an estimate of the monetized value of health benefits from RGGI ’ s reductions not in CO , which is not damaging to human health , but in pollutantslike sulfur dioxide , nitrogen oxide , and particulate matter that are associated with fossil fuels .
This modeling fails to follow the two core rules of cost-benefit analysis : ( 1 ) your calculations must capture benefits only from the policy change itself , and not from trends caused by other factors , and ( 2 ) you must @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of the policy change .
Leaving aside estimates of monetization , which are inherently problematic , let ’ s take something real that the DEP models : deaths from coal-based pollutants .
DEP estimates that up to 639 premature deaths will be avoided by 2030 because of Pennsylvania ’ s participation in the RGGI .
But that will mostly be due not to RGGI policy , but rather the dramatic drop in the price of natural gas-generatedelectricity as compared to coal as hydraulic fracturing became more and more successful .
This estimate clearly @ @ @ @ @ @ @ increasesthe cost of natural gas-fired electricity in the future , which its lower and lower auction amounts are intended to do .
Affordable heating saves far more lives than coal-fired electricity loses !
In fact , a 2019 study for the National Institutes of Health estimated that 11,000 lives have been saved in America each year from the effect of fracking on heating costs .
[ 15 ] When costs are low , more people use enough heat to stay healthy .
When costs are high , more people cut back on the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
Natural gas saves lives .
Thank you , Pennsylvania , for producing it .
As a native of New York ’ s Southern Tier , I come to you embarrassed by my state ’ s free-riding on your production , and horrified by my state ’ s resistance to allowing you to share your life-saving product with New England through pipelines , rather than far more dangerous trucks and trains .
Failure to do a full cost-benefit mortality analysis for a policy change , or even , in this case , a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ is inexcusable in your Department of Environmental Protection .
Get a refund !
The same goes for the claimed 30,000 less hospital visits from asthma from ground-based ozone and other respiratory problems .
DEP did not factor in increased hospitalization for deadly pneumonia and bronchitis as a result of more expensive heating .
This is an obvious cost , based on the 2019 study for NIH .
In addition , the NOxthat creates ozone , which then stimulates asthma , can be successfully “ scrubbed ” to low levels ( along with sulfur @ @ @ @ @ @ @ coal power technology ( and modern vehicle catalytic converters ) .
The latest coal-cleaning technology is in operation in America in only one plant , the Turk Plant in Arkansas , because it was the only one under construction when the natural gas revolution exploded in the late 2000 ’ s and made coal less competitive .
DEP failed to estimate how much it would cost to retrofit coal generation , but my guess is that it would be a lot cheaper to handle this with better technology rather than by hamstringing the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ impacts .
In sum , DEP ’ s health model is a brief for one side , not a balanced analysis that you can use to make policy decisions .
Finally , let ’ s take DEP ’ s environmental claims .
There is no entirely clean source of power .
One should , and increasingly can , find cost-effective ways to reduce the effects of making energy , but again , the environmental costs and benefits , all of them , must be calculated to get a fair policy picture .
For @ @ @ @ @ @ @ coal and natural gas electricity under RGGI , you will have to compensate with increased wind , solar , hydro , and nuclear power .
I have already explained why some of the “ renewables ” themselves require massive amounts of fossil-fueled energy in production and transmission .
And I have explained why the attendant emission of CO is not , in itself , an environmental problem .
But the construction of dams – say , in the Pine Creek Gorge – or wind turbines – say throughout your state ’ s Game @ @ @ @ @ @ @ environmental costs .
And while the solar-powered grid electricity you would use comes from states that are thousands of miles away , as Americans we can ’ t just ignore their environmental costs .
As Johnny Cash sang of trucking , there ain ’ t no easy run when it comes to providing Pennsylvanians with affordable , reliable energy .
There will always be tradeoffs .
Let me conclude by exploring the dubious basis for your RGGI policy once more .
Governor Wolf justified his executive order for RGGI by dramatically claiming that @ @ @ @ @ @ @ degrees Fahrenheit in the past 110 years .
[ 16 ] This estimate is consistent with the national and world surface temperature data sets .
But the global increase began with an entirely natural warming after the Little Ice Age ended in the 18th century .
As mentioned earlier in my testimony , fully half of the measured increase came from 1920 to 1950 , which was before CO levels were large enough to cause measurable warming .
National and global warming stopped from 1950 to 1980 , and then resumed .
The @ @ @ @ @ @ @ half of the recent half of the total warming since 1900 , which occurred from 1980 to today , came from industrial CO .
Pretending that all the warming for 110 years was human-caused is misleading .
A quarter is more likely .
And please , Pennsylvania , note that RGGI errs scientifically in including methane in the warming gasses it controls .
As two of our coalition ’ s atmospheric physicists recently showed in a major paper on the spectroscopy , or warming potential , of methane , the “ radiative forcing @ @ @ @ @ @ @ times larger than that of a carbon dioxide molecule , but the increase in global methane is 300 times less than that of carbon dioxide .
As a result , methane is only one tenth ( 30/300 ) as powerful in forcing as carbon dioxide , which itself adds about a degree Celsius to global warming as it doubles in the atmosphere .
A methane doubling would provide only a tiny fraction of total greenhouse forcing .
[ 17 ] Thank you for your attention , and I look forward to hearing your @ @ @ @ @ @ @ view this testimony in its entirety and Dr. Rossiter ’ s Q and A section , visit the CO2 Coalition on Youtube


climatedepot--2020-09-04--No, Banning Fossil Fuels Won’t Raise Life Expectancy; Fossil-fueled Electricity Will

Mathematical modeler Caleb Stewart Rossiter of the CO2 Coalition reviews a model-based life expectancy study published in the journal Cardiovascular Research .
The model misleadingly projects only the benefits and not the costs of eliminating affordable , reliable , and increasingly clean fossil fuels in favor of expensive , intermittent “ renewables.
” With only a third of homes having access to electricity , Africa in particular needs additional coal-fired power to reduce the indoor air pollution that the UN estimates kills 400,000 Africans every year .
Lelieveld et al .
( March 3 , 2020 ) conclude that ending @ @ @ @ @ @ @ one year to global life expectancy , because of reductions in outdoor air pollution.1 This paper is typical of trendy , misleading “ climate change ” research that focuses only on one side of a cost-benefit analysis .
If fossil fuels were banned , far more expensive and less reliable wind and solar grids would be needed to meet even current demand .
That would raise prices and reduce exports and economic growth .
Life expectancy is strongly influenced by economic growth .
In addition , the alternative of increased reliance on intermittent @ @ @ @ @ @ @ brownouts and blackouts and the resulting back-up , soot-spewing “ dieselization ” in unreliable grids like Africa ’ s .
Without ready fossil-fueled backup power , a “ renewable ” grid would collapse daily , at great cost to restart and repair .
Ironically , because the mining , refining , construction , and transportation of wind blades , solar panels , and batteries is so fossil-fuel intensive , building enough to replace current methods of power generation would add the very pollutants to the atmosphere that a ban on fossil fuels would @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the same life expectancy in 1960 : 44 years .
Today , China is at 77 , near the U.S. figure of 79 , while Africa has only risen to 61.2 For the one billion Sub-Saharan Africans , this represents a loss of 16 billion years of life for not keeping pace with China .
Low access to electricity , at about a third of households and with daily blackouts for businesses , is one of the key causes of Africa ’ s low level of life expectancy .
The primary reason for @ @ @ @ @ @ @ competitive , global market requires reliable , universal electrification .
A secondary reason is that , according to the World Health Organization , indoor air pollution is the world ’ s greatest environmental health risk .
Globally , WHO estimates that three billion people cook , heat , and light inside their homes with solid fuels – wood , charcoal , and dried animal dung .
The poisons and particulate matter from burning solid fuels kill almost four million people a year from pneumonia ( 27 % ) , heart disease ( 27 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ % ) , stroke ( 18 % ) , lung cancer ( 7 % ) , and a variety of impaired immunities .
Half of pneumonia deaths in children under five are from soot in the house.3 UNICEF estimates the African share of these annual indoor pollution deaths at 400,000 .
Dangerous levels of indoor air pollution are almost guaranteed for families without access to electricity .
UNICEF reports that 352 million Africa children live in homes with solid fuel cooking.4 One top researcher told the WHO : “ Having an open fire @ @ @ @ @ @ @ cigarettes an hour.
” 5 The coming expansion of Africa ’ s fossil-fueled grid will help solve the indoor air pollution problem .
Even better , the use of “ new-tech ” electricity generation power and scrubbing technologies would keep the 258,000 annual toll from outdoor air pollution in Africa from rising.6 Researchers concerned with health outcomes of energy production would do well to study all sides of the question .
None of the factors I have cited are accounted for in the Lelieveld paper .
Former professor of climate statistics and mathematical @ @ @ @


climatedepot--2020-09-04--Watch: Understanding Wildfires – By Willie Soon, Ph.D.


climatedepot--2020-09-04--Fear a Medical Technocracy: Watch Speeches from Doctor’s For Disaster Preparedness conference from V

Fear a Medical Technocracy: Watch Speeches from Doctor’s For Disaster Preparedness conference from Vegas