lewrockwell--2020-07-23--Masks-for-all for COVID-19 Not Based on Sound Data

Dr. Brosseau is a national expert on respiratory protection and infectious diseases and professor ( retired ) , University of Illinois at Chicago .
Dr. Sietsema is also an expert on respiratory protection and an assistant professor at the University of Illinois at Chicago .
Editor ’ s Note : The authors added the following statement on Jul 16 .
The authors and CIDRAP have received requests in recent weeks to remove this article from the CIDRAP website .
Reasons have included : ( 1 ) we don ’ t truly know that cloth masks ( face coverings ) are @ @ @ @ @ @ @ so limited , ( 2 ) wearing a cloth mask or face covering is better than doing nothing , ( 3 ) the article is being used by individuals and groups to support non-mask wearing where mandated and ( 4 ) there are now many modeling studies suggesting that cloth masks or face coverings could be effective at flattening the curve and preventing many cases of infection .
Fauci : The Bernie Mado ... Ortleb , Charles Buy New $ 5.99 If the data are limited , how can we say face coverings @ @ @ @ @ @ @ that the data supporting the effectiveness of a cloth mask or face covering are very limited .
We do , however , have data from laboratory studies that indicate cloth masks or face coverings offer very low filter collection efficiency for the smaller inhalable particles we believe are largely responsible for transmission , particularly from pre- or asymptomatic individuals who are not coughing or sneezing .
At the time we wrote this article , we were unable to locate any well-performed studies of cloth mask leakage when worn on the face—either inward or @ @ @ @ @ @ @ know , these data are still lacking .
The guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC ) for face coverings initially did not have any citations for studies of cloth material efficiency or fit , but some references have been added since the guidelines were first posted .
We reviewed these and found that many employ very crude , non-standardized methods ( Anfinrud 2020 , Davies 2013 , Konda 2020 , Aydin 2020 , Ma 2020 ) or are not relevant to cloth face coverings because they evaluate respirators @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Johnson 2009 , Green 2012 ) .
The CDC failed to reference the National Academies of Sciences Rapid Expert Consultation on the Effectiveness of Fabric Masks for the COVID-19 Pandemic ( NAS 2020 ) , which concludes , “ The evidence from…laboratory filtration studies suggests that such fabric masks may reduce the transmission of larger respiratory droplets .
There is little evidence regarding the transmission of small aerosolized particulates of the size potentially exhaled by asymptomatic or presymptomatic individuals with COVID-19.
” As well , the CDC neglected to mention a well-done study @ @ @ @ @ @ @ et al ( 2014 ) , which we reviewed in our article .
Is wearing a face covering better than nothing ?
Wearing a cloth mask or face covering could be better than doing nothing , but we simply don ’ t know at this point .
We have observed an evolution in the messaging around cloth masks , from an initial understanding that they should not be seen as a replacement for physical distancing to more recent messaging that suggests cloth masks are equivalent to physical distancing .
And while everyone appears @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a cloth mask is appropriate only for source control ( ie , to protect others from infection ) , recent CDC and other guidance recommending their use by workers seems to imply that they offer some type of personal protection .
We know of workplaces in which employees are told they can not wear respirators for the hazardous environments they work in , but instead need to wear a cloth mask or face covering .
These are dangerous and inappropriate applications that greatly exceed the initial purpose of a cloth mask .
We @ @ @ @ @ @ @ understand the very limited degree of protection a cloth mask or face covering likely offers as source control for people located nearby .
Do we support cloth mask wearing where mandated ?
Despite the current limited scientific data detailing their effectiveness , we support the wearing of face coverings by the public when mandated and when in close contact with people whose infection status they don ’ t know .
However , we also encourage everyone to continue to limit their time spent indoors near potentially infectious people and to not count on @ @ @ @ @ @ @ covering to protect them or the people around them .
The pandemic is not over and will not likely be over for some time .
As states and local jurisdictions reopen , we encourage people to continue to assess and limit their risks .
Cloth masks and face coverings likely do not offer the same degree of protection as physical distancing , isolation , or limiting personal contact time .
The Case Against Masks ... Heckenlively , Kent Buy New $ 12.99 Will face coverings ‘ flatten the curve ’ and stop the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ modeling studies that purport to demonstrate that cloth masks or face coverings have the potential for flattening the curve or significantly decrease the number of cases .
These studies fail to recognize several important facts : • The filter performance of a cloth material does not directly translate or represent its performance on an individual , because it neglects the understanding of fit .
• Cloth masks or coverings come in a variety of shapes , sizes , and materials and are not made according to any standards .
• Transmission is not @ @ @ @ @ @ @ between individuals , but rather a function of particle concentration in the air and the time exposed to that concentration .
• A cloth mask or face covering does very little to prevent the emission or inhalation of small particles .
As discussed in an earlier CIDRAP commentary and more recently by Morawska and Milton ( 2020 ) in an open letter to WHO signed by 239 scientists , inhalation of small infectious particles is not only biologically plausible , but the epidemiology supports it as an important mode of transmission for SARS-CoV-2 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ In summary , though we support mask wearing by the general public , we continue to conclude that cloth masks and face coverings are likely to have limited impact on lowering COVID-19 transmission , because they have minimal ability to prevent the emission of small particles , offer limited personal protection with respect to small particle inhalation , and should not be recommended as a replacement for physical distancing or reducing time in enclosed spaces with many potentially infectious people .
We are very concerned about messaging that suggests cloth masks or face @ @ @ @ @ @ @ also worry that the public doesn ’ t understand the limitations of cloth masks and face coverings when we observe how many people wear their mask under their nose or even under their mouth , remove their masks when talking to someone nearby , or fail to practice physical distancing when wearing a mask .
Davies A , Thompson KA , Giri K , et al .
Testing the efficacy of homemade masks : would they protect in an influenza pandemic ?
Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2013 Aug ; 7 ( 4 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , Panlilio AL , et al .
Effectiveness of selected surgical masks in arresting vegetative cells and endospores when worn by simulated contagious patients .
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2012 May ; 33 ( 5 ) :487‐94 Johnson DF , Druce JD , Birch C , et al .
A quantitative assessment of the efficacy of surgical and N95 masks to filter influenza virus in patients with acute influenza infection .
Clin Infect Dis 2009 Jul 15 ; 49 ( 2 ) :275-7 Konda A , Prakash A , Moss GA , et @ @ @ @ @ @ @ fabrics used in respiratory cloth masks .
ACS Nano .
2020 ( published online Apr 24 ) Leung NHL , Chu DKW , Shiu EYC , et al .
Respiratory virus shedding in exhaled breath and efficacy of face masks .
Nat Med 2020 ( published online Apr 3 ) Ma QX , Shan H , Zhang HL , et al .
Potential utilities of mask-wearing and instant hand hygiene for fighting SARS-CoV-2 .
J Med Virol 2020 ( published online Mar 31 ) Morawska L , Milton DK .
It is time @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Clin Infect Dis 2020 ( published online Jul 6 ) National Academies of Sciences , Engineering , and Medicine .
2020 .
Rapid expert consultation on the effectiveness of fabric masks for the COVID-19 pandemic .
Washington , DC , National Academies Press .
Apr 8 , 2020 Rengasamy S , Eimer B , Szalajda J .
A quantitative assessment of the total inward leakage of NaCl aerosol representing submicron-size bioaerosol through N95 filtering facepiece respirators and surgical masks .
J Occup Environ Hyg 2014 May 9 ; 11 ( 6 ) :388-96

Dr. Brosseau is a national expert on respiratory protection and infectious diseases and professor (retired), University of Illinois at Chicago.
Dr. Sietsema is also an expert on respiratory protection and an assistant professor at the University of Illinois at Chicago.
_____________________________________
Editor’s Note: The authors added the following statement on Jul 16.
The authors and CIDRAP have received requests in recent weeks to remove this article from the CIDRAP website. Reasons have included: (1) we don’t truly know that cloth masks (face coverings) are not effective, since the data are so limited, (2) wearing a cloth mask or face covering is better than doing nothing, (3) the article is being used by individuals and groups to support non-mask wearing where mandated and (4) there are now many modeling studies suggesting that cloth masks or face coverings could be effective at flattening the curve and preventing many cases of infection. Fauci: The Bernie Mado... Ortleb, Charles Buy New $5.99 (as of 02:55 UTC - Details)
If the data are limited, how can we say face coverings are likely not effective?
We agree that the data supporting the effectiveness of a cloth mask or face covering are very limited. We do, however, have data from laboratory studies that indicate cloth masks or face coverings offer very low filter collection efficiency for the smaller inhalable particles we believe are largely responsible for transmission, particularly from pre- or asymptomatic individuals who are not coughing or sneezing. At the time we wrote this article, we were unable to locate any well-performed studies of cloth mask leakage when worn on the face—either inward or outward leakage. As far as we know, these data are still lacking.
The guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for face coverings initially did not have any citations for studies of cloth material efficiency or fit, but some references have been added since the guidelines were first posted. We reviewed these and found that many employ very crude, non-standardized methods (Anfinrud 2020, Davies 2013, Konda 2020, Aydin 2020, Ma 2020) or are not relevant to cloth face coverings because they evaluate respirators or surgical masks (Leung 2020, Johnson 2009, Green 2012).
The CDC failed to reference the National Academies of Sciences Rapid Expert Consultation on the Effectiveness of Fabric Masks for the COVID-19 Pandemic (NAS 2020), which concludes, “The evidence from…laboratory filtration studies suggests that such fabric masks may reduce the transmission of larger respiratory droplets. There is little evidence regarding the transmission of small aerosolized particulates of the size potentially exhaled by asymptomatic or presymptomatic individuals with COVID-19.” As well, the CDC neglected to mention a well-done study of cloth material filter performance by Rengasamy et al (2014), which we reviewed in our article.
Is wearing a face covering better than nothing?
Wearing a cloth mask or face covering could be better than doing nothing, but we simply don’t know at this point. We have observed an evolution in the messaging around cloth masks, from an initial understanding that they should not be seen as a replacement for physical distancing to more recent messaging that suggests cloth masks are equivalent to physical distancing. And while everyone appears to understand that this messaging suggests that a cloth mask is appropriate only for source control (ie, to protect others from infection), recent CDC and other guidance recommending their use by workers seems to imply that they offer some type of personal protection.
We know of workplaces in which employees are told they cannot wear respirators for the hazardous environments they work in, but instead need to wear a cloth mask or face covering. These are dangerous and inappropriate applications that greatly exceed the initial purpose of a cloth mask. We are concerned that many people do not understand the very limited degree of protection a cloth mask or face covering likely offers as source control for people located nearby.
Do we support cloth mask wearing where mandated?
Despite the current limited scientific data detailing their effectiveness, we support the wearing of face coverings by the public when mandated and when in close contact with people whose infection status they don’t know. However, we also encourage everyone to continue to limit their time spent indoors near potentially infectious people and to not count on or expect a cloth mask or face covering to protect them or the people around them. The pandemic is not over and will not likely be over for some time. As states and local jurisdictions reopen, we encourage people to continue to assess and limit their risks. Cloth masks and face coverings likely do not offer the same degree of protection as physical distancing, isolation, or limiting personal contact time. The Case Against Masks... Heckenlively, Kent Buy New $12.99 (as of 04:52 UTC - Details)
Will face coverings ‘flatten the curve’ and stop the pandemic?
We have reviewed the many modeling studies that purport to demonstrate that cloth masks or face coverings have the potential for flattening the curve or significantly decrease the number of cases. These studies fail to recognize several important facts:
The filter performance of a cloth material does not directly translate or represent its performance on an individual, because it neglects the understanding of fit.
Cloth masks or coverings come in a variety of shapes, sizes, and materials and are not made according to any standards.
Transmission is not simply a function of short random interactions between individuals, but rather a function of particle concentration in the air and the time exposed to that concentration.
A cloth mask or face covering does very little to prevent the emission or inhalation of small particles. As discussed in an earlier CIDRAP commentary and more recently by Morawska and Milton (2020) in an open letter to WHO signed by 239 scientists, inhalation of small infectious particles is not only biologically plausible, but the epidemiology supports it as an important mode of transmission for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.
In summary, though we support mask wearing by the general public, we continue to conclude that cloth masks and face coverings are likely to have limited impact on lowering COVID-19 transmission, because they have minimal ability to prevent the emission of small particles, offer limited personal protection with respect to small particle inhalation, and should not be recommended as a replacement for physical distancing or reducing time in enclosed spaces with many potentially infectious people. We are very concerned about messaging that suggests cloth masks or face coverings can replace physical distancing. We also worry that the public doesn’t understand the limitations of cloth masks and face coverings when we observe how many people wear their mask under their nose or even under their mouth, remove their masks when talking to someone nearby, or fail to practice physical distancing when wearing a mask.
References
Anfinrud P, Stadnytskyi V, Bax CE, et al. Visualizing speech-generated oral fluid droplets with laser light scattering. N Engl J Med 2020 (published online Apr 15)
Davies A, Thompson KA, Giri K, et al. Testing the efficacy of homemade masks: would they protect in an influenza pandemic? Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2013 Aug;7(4):413-8
Green CF, Davidson CS, Panlilio AL, et al. Effectiveness of selected surgical masks in arresting vegetative cells and endospores when worn by simulated contagious patients. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2012 May;33(5):487‐94
Johnson DF, Druce JD, Birch C, et al. A quantitative assessment of the efficacy of surgical and N95 masks to filter influenza virus in patients with acute influenza infection. Clin Infect Dis 2009 Jul 15;49(2):275-7
Konda A, Prakash A, Moss GA, et al. Aerosol filtration efficiency of common fabrics used in respiratory cloth masks. ACS Nano. 2020 (published online Apr 24)
Leung NHL, Chu DKW, Shiu EYC, et al. Respiratory virus shedding in exhaled breath and efficacy of face masks. Nat Med 2020 (published online Apr 3)
Ma QX, Shan H, Zhang HL, et al. Potential utilities of mask-wearing and instant hand hygiene for fighting SARS-CoV-2. J Med Virol 2020 (published online Mar 31)
Morawska L, Milton DK. It is time to address airborne transmission of COVID-19. Clin Infect Dis 2020 (published online Jul 6)
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Rapid expert consultation on the effectiveness of fabric masks for the COVID-19 pandemic. Washington, DC, National Academies Press. Apr 8, 2020
Rengasamy S, Eimer B, Szalajda J. A quantitative assessment of the total inward leakage of NaCl aerosol representing submicron-size bioaerosol through N95 filtering facepiece respirators and surgical masks. J Occup Environ Hyg 2014 May 9;11(6):388-96
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lewrockwell--2020-07-23--Yale Epidemiologist: Hydroxychloroquine Could Save 100,000 Lives If Widely Deployed

Yale epidemiology professor Dr. Harvey Risch told Fox News ‘ s “ Ingraham Angle ” that he thinks hydroxychloroquine could save 75,000 to 100,000 lives if widely used to treat COVID-19 , and that it ’ s unfortunate that a “ propaganda war ” has been waged on the commonly prescribed drug which is not based on “ medical facts.
” “ There are many doctors that I ’ ve gotten hostile remarks about saying that all the evidence is bad for it and , in fact , that is not true at all , ” Risch said on Monday @ @ @ @ @ @ @ should be used as a prophylactic for front-line healthcare workers , as has been done in India .
Researchers at the Henry Ford Health System in Southeast Michigan have found that early administration of hydroxychloroquine makes hospitalized patients substantially less likely to die .
The study , published in the International Journal of Infectious Diseases , determined that hydroxychloroquine provided a “ 66 percent hazard ratio reduction , ” and hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin a 71 percent reduction , compared with neither treatment .
The Optimal Dose : Rest ... Judson Somerville MD Best @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 9.98 In-hospital mortality was 18.1 percent overall ; 13.5 percent with just hydroxychloroquine , 22.4 percent with azithromycin alone , and 26.4 percent with neither drug .
“ Prospective trials are needed ” for further review , the researchers note , even as they concluded : “ In this multi-hospital assessment , when controlling for COVID-19 risk factors , treatment with hydroxychloroquine alone and in combination with azithromycin was associated with reduction in COVID-19 associated mortality.
” –Fox News “ All the evidence is actually good for it when it is used in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ people who actually say that are a whole pile of doctors who are on the front lines treating those patients across the country and they are the ones who are at risk being forced not to do it , ” Risch added , arguing that the MSM refuses to cover the benefits of the drug , and is actively silencing those trying to address the efficacy of HCQ .
Imagine how many people have died thanks to the media ’ s ‘ propaganda war.
’ “ Our results do differ from some other @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , head of the Henry Ford Health System ’ s infectious diseases unit .
“ What we think was important in ours … is that patients were treated early .
For hydroxychloroquine to have a benefit , it needs to begin before the patients begin to suffer some of the severe immune reactions that patients can have with COVID.
” Reprinted with permission from Zero Hedge .
NatureBell Quercetin 1 ... Buy New $ 28.95 ( $ 0.12 / Count ) The Vitamin D Solution ... Michael F. Holick Best Price : $ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of Tyler Durden

Yale epidemiology professor Dr. Harvey Risch told Fox News‘s “Ingraham Angle” that he thinks hydroxychloroquine could save 75,000 to 100,000 lives if widely used to treat COVID-19, and that it’s unfortunate that a “propaganda war” has been waged on the commonly prescribed drug which is not based on “medical facts.”
“There are many doctors that I’ve gotten hostile remarks about saying that all the evidence is bad for it and, in fact, that is not true at all,” Risch said on Monday, adding that he believes the drug should be used as a prophylactic for front-line healthcare workers, as has been done in India.
Researchers at the Henry Ford Health System in Southeast Michigan have found that early administration of hydroxychloroquine makes hospitalized patients substantially less likely to die. The study, published in the International Journal of Infectious Diseases, determined that hydroxychloroquine provided a “66 percent hazard ratio reduction,” and hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin a 71 percent reduction, compared with neither treatment. The Optimal Dose: Rest... Judson Somerville MD Best Price: $9.96 Buy New $9.98 (as of 06:05 UTC - Details) In-hospital mortality was 18.1 percent overall; 13.5 percent with just hydroxychloroquine, 22.4 percent with azithromycin alone, and 26.4 percent with neither drug. “Prospective trials are needed” for further review, the researchers note, even as they concluded: “In this multi-hospital assessment, when controlling for COVID-19 risk factors, treatment with hydroxychloroquine alone and in combination with azithromycin was associated with reduction in COVID-19 associated mortality.” –Fox News
“All the evidence is actually good for it when it is used in outpatient uses. Nevertheless, the only people who actually say that are a whole pile of doctors who are on the front lines treating those patients across the country and they are the ones who are at risk being forced not to do it,” Risch added, arguing that the MSM refuses to cover the benefits of the drug, and is actively silencing those trying to address the efficacy of HCQ.
Imagine how many people have died thanks to the media’s ‘propaganda war.’
“Our results do differ from some other studies,” said Dr. Marcus Zervos, head of the Henry Ford Health System’s infectious diseases unit. “What we think was important in ours … is that patients were treated early. For hydroxychloroquine to have a benefit, it needs to begin before the patients begin to suffer some of the severe immune reactions that patients can have with COVID.”
Reprinted with permission from Zero Hedge.
NatureBell Quercetin 1... Buy New $28.95 ($0.12 / Count) (as of 04:29 UTC - Details) The Vitamin D Solution... Michael F. Holick Best Price: $2.01 Buy New $9.08 (as of 10:55 UTC - Details)
The Best of Tyler Durden


lewrockwell--2020-07-23--New Opportunities for Marxists: Climate Change and Coronavirus

In The Communist Manifesto ( 1848 ) Karl Marx ( 1818–83 ) and Friedrich Engels ( 1820–95 ) predicted that capitalism would lead to the impoverishment of the laboring class .
Why ?
Well , to raise profit on capital invested , Marx and Engels argued , entrepreneurs ( the capitalists ) would exploit the workers .
They would reduce wages and worsen working conditions by , say , increasing working hours .
From that viewpoint , Marx and Engels put forward an immiseration theory of capitalism .
Marxists would not argue that workers ’ wages would decline in absolute @ @ @ @ @ @ @ : the wage incomes of the many would rise less than the incomes of the capitalists , thereby making the former poorer compared to the latter over time .
Especially in times of crisis , which are inevitable and recurrent in a capitalist economy , workers would be hit particularly hard , causing their economic and financial conditions to fall further behind of those of the capitalists .
The Communist Manifesto Engels , Friedrich Best Price : $ 3.49 Buy New $ 5.79 To make things worse , Marxists argue that capitalism would @ @ @ @ @ @ @ As capitalists pay less for labor than what is appropriate , the workers can not buy all available products .
Profit-seeking capital is , therefore , seeking to open up new markets in other parts of the world .
Conflicts over who controls what arise among nations , paving the way toward war .
This is , in fact , the message Vladimir Lenin ( 1870–1924 ) hammered home to his readers in his 1917 book Imperialism : The Highest Stage of Capitalism .
If capitalism is bad—if it brings exploitation , misery @ @ @ @ @ @ @ many people , and all this comes to the benefit of the capitalists—isn ’ t it rightful and consequential to do everything to overcome capitalism and replace it with socialism-communism , the alternatives said to bring peace , equality and happier life for the people in this world ?
Sound economics reveals that the Marxist critique of capitalism , as well as the high-flying enthusiasm for socialism-communism , is tantamount to outright intellectual confusion .
What Capitalism Really Is : Peaceful Cooperation Many people do not know what capitalism really means .
Capitalism @ @ @ @ @ @ @ which the means of production are privately owned .
In its “ pure ” form , capitalism means unconditional respect of people ’ s private property , free markets , and , most importantly , a form of state that is confined to protecting people and their property against aggression from inside and outside the country ’ s borders .
“ Pure ” capitalism is no doubt conducive to peaceful and productive cooperation nationally as well as internationally .
It is capitalism that makes mass production possible—the production of goods and services for @ @ @ @ @ @ @ people .
The productivity gains that it creates result in a tendency toward a continuous increase in people ’ s average living standard .
Producers are subject to the profit and loss principle : they are economically rewarded only if and when their products meet consumers ’ preferences .
If they don ’ t , entrepreneurs will suffer losses , forcing them to improve their output to the benefit of their customers .
Pure capitalism not has only a built-in mechanism to improve the masses ’ material well-being .
What is particularly wonderful @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ’ s wages do not depend on individual workers ’ productivity , but the marginal productivity of labor in general .
Assume a firm makes a productive innovation .
To hire new labor , it has to pay higher wages compared to those paid by other employers .
The latter , to retain their staff , will also have to offer a higher wage—to the benefit of less productive workers .
It should also be noted here that pure capitalism encourages the division of labor among people , nationally and internationally .
This @ @ @ @ @ @ @ seek peaceful cooperation rather than conflict : everyone realizes that it pays off to cooperate , that this is mutually beneficial to all parties involved .
In other words : pure capitalism is a recipe for peace .
In a world of pure capitalism , there would simply be no reason for large-scale violent conflicts , let alone state wars .
Why do so many people harbor resentment or even hate against the concept of capitalism ?
One answer is that they presumably look around and see the many evils in this world @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and economic crises ; mass unemployment ; bailout programs that make big corporations richer , disregarding the fate of small and medium-sized firms ; chronically rising costs of living ; growing income and wealth inequality ; and growing geopolitical tensions and conflicts .
Unfortunately , all these evils are attributed to capitalism .
A fatal conclusion , though , because there is no pure capitalism , neither in the US nor in Europe , Asia , Latin America , or Africa .
What we find are interventionist-collectivist and sometimes even socialist economic and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ world , basically all states , and the special interest groups that exert great influence over them , have succeeded in increasingly replacing what little is left of the capitalist system in recent decades .
Socialism : An Economic ... Ludwig von Mises Best Price : $ 6.00 Buy New $ 1.99 States have interfered in all areas of people ’ s lives .
Be it education ( kindergarten , schools , universities ) , health , pensions , transport , law and order , money and credit , or the environment , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ major players in markets for goods and services , turning free markets into hampered markets , raising taxes ever higher , and increasingly undermining and even destroying the institution of private property .
Sound economics tells us that interventionist-collectivist , let alone socialist , systems do not work to the greatest benefit of all .
All these systems are much less efficient than pure capitalism in terms of material wealth creation—and even prove to be outright failures in the case of socialism .
The particular problem with interventionist-collectivist systems is that to the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ be capitalism , resulting in all the evils of interventionism-collectivism being ascribed to capitalism .
The truth , however , couldn ’ t be more different .
Interventionism-collectivism works toward the elimination of capitalist remnants .
The crises that these systems inevitably cause , the dissatisfaction they create among a great many people , are interpreted as a result of capitalism , and so , as a consequence , people call for ending capitalism , for replacing it with a better , more just and reliable economic and societal order .
However , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the problem is confined to a lack of insight into sound economics .
Blaming Capitalism for the Evils Caused by States By no means less important are the ideologues on the political left .
Knowing that the chances for establishing outright socialism-communism in the Western world through a violent upheaval have been fairly small in recent years , those in the Marxist tradition have adapted their strategy : they seek a gradual transformation of what is left of the free economic and societal system by discrediting capitalism , blaming all evil , all @ @ @ @ @ @ @ as the nemesis of mankind .
This , however , is an intentional misinterpretation of what is really going on .
It is to give a wrong tint to reality—with tragic consequences .
People heed the message—being propagandized over and over—that capitalism will seal their fate : that it makes the rich richer at the expense of the poor ; causes ever greater financial and economic turbulence ; doesn ’ t create enough and secure jobs ; destroys the environment ; and so forth .
All this amounts to nothing more than giving @ @ @ @ @ @ @ immiseration theory .
Neo-Marxists : Not Waiting for the Revolution This plays into the hands of the Neo-Marxists who seek control over economic and societal affairs , striving to establish a “ new world order.
” The spread of interventionism is certainly a milestone in this direction .
Because interventionism , if it is not halted and reversed , leads to socialism .
And the logical culmination of socialism is a struggle for world dominance , as socialism can not exist within limited areas of the earth ’ s surface , especially not @ @ @ @ @ @ @ capitalist systems around .
Marxists in the traditional sense may expect capitalism to make the world ripe for socialism .
Neo-Marxists , in contrast , wouldn ’ t want to wait for things to turn their way ; they seek action .
Instilling fear among the people that capitalism can not overcome the world ’ s pressing economic , social , and environmental problems , that capitalism is the root cause of all these plights , characterizes the strategy of the Neo-Marxists .
That said , “ climate change ” and the coronavirus @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Under the promise of preventing climate change , governments are meant to run truly radical market interventions : imposing taxes and manipulating prices of goods and services , thereby politically determining the size and structure of consumer and investment demand .
In fact , under the well-sounding “ climate change policy ” label , far-left policies can push economies effectively into central planning : the ruling elite determines who produces what and when and at what costs , and who is to consume when and what .
The coronavirus epidemic offers to all @ @ @ @ @ @ @ bigger opportunity to strike down what little is left of the free market system .
With the help of coercive lockdowns—allegedly a measure to “ fight the virus ” —governments can directly destroy corporate capital , boycott global trade , and cause mass unemployment , thereby leaving a great many people despondent and receptive to even more interventionist-collectivist or even outright socialist policies .
Imperialism , The Highe ... Lenin , Vladimir Ilyich Best Price : $ 9.09 Buy New $ 5.99 Fear is known to be the foundation of any government ’ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ in favor of establishing central global control , have increasingly incorporated this unfortunate truth into their political agitation to destroy what is left of the free market and free societal order , and all the more as their immiseration theory—the impoverishment of the masses under capitalism—has lamentably failed .
Whether the Neo-Marxist onslaught can be successful or defeated is of paramount importance for the vast majority of people .
Only Capitalism Can Deliver Needed Goods and Services Pure capitalism is the only viable economic and societal form of organization .
In his Socialism @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 1951 ( first published in 1922 as Gemeinwirtschaft : Untersuchungen über den Sozialismus ) , Ludwig von Mises ( 1881–1973 ) noted : “ Capitalism is that form of social economy in which all the deficiencies of the socialist system…are made good .
Capitalism is the only conceivable form of social economy which is appropriate to the fulfilment of the demands which society makes of any economic organisation ” ( p. 220 ) .
Disregarding the sound economics ’ teachings about capitalism and socialism and giving in to the ideas propagated by Neo-Marxism @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the very foundations upon which the material well-being of billions of people on this globe rests .
It would result in great misery , even starvation and violent conflicts .
It is therefore high time to boldly expose the errors and confusions of interventionist-collectivist and socialist-Marxist ideology and courageously call for reestablishing pure capitalism .
Note : The views expressed on Mises.org are not necessarily those of the Mises Institute .
The Best of Thorsten Polleit

In The Communist Manifesto (1848) Karl Marx (1818–83) and Friedrich Engels (1820–95) predicted that capitalism would lead to the impoverishment of the laboring class. Why? Well, to raise profit on capital invested, Marx and Engels argued, entrepreneurs (the capitalists) would exploit the workers. They would reduce wages and worsen working conditions by, say, increasing working hours. From that viewpoint, Marx and Engels put forward an immiseration theory of capitalism.
Worker “Exploitation”
Marxists would not argue that workers’ wages would decline in absolute terms, but certainly in relative terms: the wage incomes of the many would rise less than the incomes of the capitalists, thereby making the former poorer compared to the latter over time. Especially in times of crisis, which are inevitable and recurrent in a capitalist economy, workers would be hit particularly hard, causing their economic and financial conditions to fall further behind of those of the capitalists. The Communist Manifesto Engels, Friedrich Best Price: $3.49 Buy New $5.79 (as of 04:13 UTC - Details)
Capitalist “Imperialism”
To make things worse, Marxists argue that capitalism would bring about violent colonialism and imperialism. As capitalists pay less for labor than what is appropriate, the workers cannot buy all available products. Profit-seeking capital is, therefore, seeking to open up new markets in other parts of the world. Conflicts over who controls what arise among nations, paving the way toward war. This is, in fact, the message Vladimir Lenin (1870–1924) hammered home to his readers in his 1917 book Imperialism: The Highest Stage of Capitalism.
If capitalism is bad—if it brings exploitation, misery, and even war to a great many people, and all this comes to the benefit of the capitalists—isn’t it rightful and consequential to do everything to overcome capitalism and replace it with socialism-communism, the alternatives said to bring peace, equality and happier life for the people in this world? Sound economics reveals that the Marxist critique of capitalism, as well as the high-flying enthusiasm for socialism-communism, is tantamount to outright intellectual confusion.
What Capitalism Really Is: Peaceful Cooperation
Many people do not know what capitalism really means. Capitalism is the social and economic order in which the means of production are privately owned. In its “pure” form, capitalism means unconditional respect of people’s private property, free markets, and, most importantly, a form of state that is confined to protecting people and their property against aggression from inside and outside the country’s borders. “Pure” capitalism is no doubt conducive to peaceful and productive cooperation nationally as well as internationally.
It is capitalism that makes mass production possible—the production of goods and services for the consumption of the greatest number of people. The productivity gains that it creates result in a tendency toward a continuous increase in people’s average living standard. Producers are subject to the profit and loss principle: they are economically rewarded only if and when their products meet consumers’ preferences. If they don’t, entrepreneurs will suffer losses, forcing them to improve their output to the benefit of their customers.
Pure capitalism not has only a built-in mechanism to improve the masses’ material well-being. What is particularly wonderful is that under pure capitalism, people’s wages do not depend on individual workers’ productivity, but the marginal productivity of labor in general. Assume a firm makes a productive innovation. To hire new labor, it has to pay higher wages compared to those paid by other employers. The latter, to retain their staff, will also have to offer a higher wage—to the benefit of less productive workers.
It should also be noted here that pure capitalism encourages the division of labor among people, nationally and internationally. This, in turn, entices people to seek peaceful cooperation rather than conflict: everyone realizes that it pays off to cooperate, that this is mutually beneficial to all parties involved. In other words: pure capitalism is a recipe for peace. In a world of pure capitalism, there would simply be no reason for large-scale violent conflicts, let alone state wars.
Interventionism vs. Capitalism
Why do so many people harbor resentment or even hate against the concept of capitalism? One answer is that they presumably look around and see the many evils in this world, such as the recurrence of financial and economic crises; mass unemployment; bailout programs that make big corporations richer, disregarding the fate of small and medium-sized firms; chronically rising costs of living; growing income and wealth inequality; and growing geopolitical tensions and conflicts.
Unfortunately, all these evils are attributed to capitalism. A fatal conclusion, though, because there is no pure capitalism, neither in the US nor in Europe, Asia, Latin America, or Africa. What we find are interventionist-collectivist and sometimes even socialist economic and societal systems. Especially in the Western world, basically all states, and the special interest groups that exert great influence over them, have succeeded in increasingly replacing what little is left of the capitalist system in recent decades.
Socialism: An Economic... Ludwig von Mises Best Price: $6.00 Buy New $1.99 (as of 06:20 UTC - Details) States have interfered in all areas of people’s lives. Be it education (kindergarten, schools, universities), health, pensions, transport, law and order, money and credit, or the environment, the states and their governments have become major players in markets for goods and services, turning free markets into hampered markets, raising taxes ever higher, and increasingly undermining and even destroying the institution of private property.
Intervention Cripples the Wealth Creation Offered by Capitalism
Sound economics tells us that interventionist-collectivist, let alone socialist, systems do not work to the greatest benefit of all. All these systems are much less efficient than pure capitalism in terms of material wealth creation—and even prove to be outright failures in the case of socialism. The particular problem with interventionist-collectivist systems is that to the uninformed observer they may well appear to be capitalism, resulting in all the evils of interventionism-collectivism being ascribed to capitalism.
The truth, however, couldn’t be more different. Interventionism-collectivism works toward the elimination of capitalist remnants. The crises that these systems inevitably cause, the dissatisfaction they create among a great many people, are interpreted as a result of capitalism, and so, as a consequence, people call for ending capitalism, for replacing it with a better, more just and reliable economic and societal order. However, it would be naïve to assume that the problem is confined to a lack of insight into sound economics.
Blaming Capitalism for the Evils Caused by States
By no means less important are the ideologues on the political left. Knowing that the chances for establishing outright socialism-communism in the Western world through a violent upheaval have been fairly small in recent years, those in the Marxist tradition have adapted their strategy: they seek a gradual transformation of what is left of the free economic and societal system by discrediting capitalism, blaming all evil, all societal problems on capitalism, fictionalizing it as the nemesis of mankind.
This, however, is an intentional misinterpretation of what is really going on. It is to give a wrong tint to reality—with tragic consequences. People heed the message—being propagandized over and over—that capitalism will seal their fate: that it makes the rich richer at the expense of the poor; causes ever greater financial and economic turbulence; doesn’t create enough and secure jobs; destroys the environment; and so forth. All this amounts to nothing more than giving a new face to Marx’s immiseration theory.
Neo-Marxists: Not Waiting for the Revolution
This plays into the hands of the Neo-Marxists who seek control over economic and societal affairs, striving to establish a “new world order.” The spread of interventionism is certainly a milestone in this direction. Because interventionism, if it is not halted and reversed, leads to socialism. And the logical culmination of socialism is a struggle for world dominance, as socialism cannot exist within limited areas of the earth’s surface, especially not if there are still more or less capitalist systems around.
Marxists in the traditional sense may expect capitalism to make the world ripe for socialism. Neo-Marxists, in contrast, wouldn’t want to wait for things to turn their way; they seek action. Instilling fear among the people that capitalism cannot overcome the world’s pressing economic, social, and environmental problems, that capitalism is the root cause of all these plights, characterizes the strategy of the Neo-Marxists. That said, “climate change” and the coronavirus pandemic are lucky coincidences for them.
Climate Change
Under the promise of preventing climate change, governments are meant to run truly radical market interventions: imposing taxes and manipulating prices of goods and services, thereby politically determining the size and structure of consumer and investment demand. In fact, under the well-sounding “climate change policy” label, far-left policies can push economies effectively into central planning: the ruling elite determines who produces what and when and at what costs, and who is to consume when and what.
The Virus Panic
The coronavirus epidemic offers to all the enemies of pure capitalism an even bigger opportunity to strike down what little is left of the free market system. With the help of coercive lockdowns—allegedly a measure to “fight the virus”—governments can directly destroy corporate capital, boycott global trade, and cause mass unemployment, thereby leaving a great many people despondent and receptive to even more interventionist-collectivist or even outright socialist policies. Imperialism, The Highe... Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich Best Price: $9.09 Buy New $5.99 (as of 04:10 UTC - Details)
Fear is known to be the foundation of any government’s power. Neo-Marxists, and those in favor of establishing central global control, have increasingly incorporated this unfortunate truth into their political agitation to destroy what is left of the free market and free societal order, and all the more as their immiseration theory—the impoverishment of the masses under capitalism—has lamentably failed. Whether the Neo-Marxist onslaught can be successful or defeated is of paramount importance for the vast majority of people.
Only Capitalism Can Deliver Needed Goods and Services
Pure capitalism is the only viable economic and societal form of organization. In his Socialism: An Economic and Sociological Analysis from 1951 (first published in 1922 as Gemeinwirtschaft: Untersuchungen über den Sozialismus), Ludwig von Mises (1881–1973) noted: “Capitalism is that form of social economy in which all the deficiencies of the socialist system…are made good. Capitalism is the only conceivable form of social economy which is appropriate to the fulfilment of the demands which society makes of any economic organisation” (p. 220).
Disregarding the sound economics’ teachings about capitalism and socialism and giving in to the ideas propagated by Neo-Marxism would ultimately lead to the destruction of the very foundations upon which the material well-being of billions of people on this globe rests. It would result in great misery, even starvation and violent conflicts. It is therefore high time to boldly expose the errors and confusions of interventionist-collectivist and socialist-Marxist ideology and courageously call for reestablishing pure capitalism.
Note: The views expressed on Mises.org are not necessarily those of the Mises Institute.
The Best of Thorsten Polleit


lewrockwell--2020-07-23--How Lincoln Destroyed the United States

How Lincoln Destroyed the United States

The title of Thomas J. DiLorenzo new book , The Problem with Lincoln , is an understatement .
Lincoln was far more than a problem .
He was the worst disaster ever to befall the United States .
Lincoln destroyed the federal republic established by the founding fathers , and he destroyed the Constitution that protected it .
He violated every provision of , and every Amendment to , the Constitution .
He then rewrote , in effect , the Constitution and left the 10th Amendment out .
The Lincoln regime was a dictatorship .
Lincoln disregarded US law , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the people , the power and authority of judges , and even exiled a US Representative .
DiLorenzo writes that “ freedom of speech was virtually nonexistent in the Northern states for the duration of the Lincoln administration.
” Lincoln ordered the arrest and imprisonment of everyone who disapproved of his invasion of the South or made the slightest criticism of him .
There were mass arrests of citizens and news paper editors of northern states .
A minimum of 38,000 citizens of northern states were imprisoned without due process .
Lincoln committed @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Habeas Corpus .
No such power resides in the presidency .
Only Congress can suspend Habeas Corpus even in the case of rebellion and invasion .
The Problem with Linco ... DiLorenzo , Thomas J .
Buy New $ 29.99 US Supreme Court Chief Justice Roger B. Taney ruled Lincoln ’ s suspension of habeas corpus was unconstitutional .
New York Tribune editor Horace Greeley wrote that it may be necessary to teach Taney a lesson .
Lincoln had an arrest warrent written for Taney ’ s arrest , but did not serve @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ’ s awareness of the warrant to bring him into line .
Other judges both state and federal who attempted to uphold laws were beat bloody and dragged off to prision or placed under house arrest and prevented from performing their judicial duties .
Judge Richard Bennett Carmichael in Maryland attempted to enforce due process .
Lincoln ’ s Secretary of State William Seward sent armed federal soldiers .
They pistol-whipped the judge in his chambers , “ beat him bloody and unconscious , and dragged him off to Fort McHenry.
” US @ @ @ @ @ @ @ writ of habeas corpus for an underaged youth and was put “ under house arrest by force of arms without due process.
” Under Lincoln , there was not only no separation of powers , there was no other power .
Lincoln used army troops to break up meetings of the Democratic Party .
US Senator Thomas A. Hendricks , for example , was prevented from speaking by Union troops with fixed bayonets who threatened “ to make a summary disposal of him.
” In other words , life under Lincoln in the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Union during the darkest days of Stalin ’ s rule .
Life under Lincoln in the South was like Stalin ’ s destruction of the kulaks .
The white liberal “ Lincoln scholars ” admit much of this .
And they justify it .
For example , Cornell University professor Clinton Rossiter wrote a book , curiously titled Constitutional Dictatorship , a contradiction in terms .
Rossiter declares Lincoln to be “ a great dictator ” whose “ amazing disregard for the Constitution was considered by nobody as legal.
” Rossiter celebrates this @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ” is what made Lincoln a “ true democrat.
” Another “ Lincoln scholar , ” Dean Sprague , wrote a book detailing hundreds of acts of tyranny by Lincoln , “ and then somehow managed to conclude that Lincoln ‘ had no taste for tyranny ’ and was a ‘ great humanitarian.
’ ” The Last Gold Rushu202 ... Haynes , Bill Buy New $ 28.00 “ This , ” DiLorenzo writes , “ is what makes someone a Lincoln ‘ scholar ’ —dictatorship is democracy , tyranny is freedom , destroying @ @ @ @ @ @ @ dissenters is benevolent , dictatorship in the right hands is good and noble—and on it goes.
” The most important chapter in DiLorenzo ’ s book is the fourth one .
In this chapter the war crimes of Lincoln and his generals and army are the subject .
Lincoln has the disgrace of being the first ruler in modern times to unleash indiscriminate war on civilian populations .
From Lincoln came all of Washington ’ s subsequent violations of the rules of war and the Geneva protocols and conventions—the firebombing of Japanese and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ two Japanese civilian cities , the atrocities in Vietnam , Laos , and Cambodia , the murder of 500,000 Iraqi children justified by US Secretary of State Madeleine Albright in true Lincoln fashion as “ worth it , ” the massive deaths from Washington ’ s and Washington-sponsored illegal invasions of Afghanistan , Iraq , Libya , Syria , and Washington ’ s bombings of Pakistan , Somalia , Yemen , the persecution and torture of journalist Julian Assange , the torture horrors of Abu Ghraib and Guantanamo .
If the South had @ @ @ @ @ @ @ entirety of the Union high command and the bulk of the Union army could have been legally and justly hung as war criminals .
Indeed , the war crimes of Lincoln , Grant , Sherman , Sheridan , and the Union army “ paved the way for all the genocidal horrors of the monstrous 20th century.
” Lincoln ’ s war plan was designed to destroy the South , not just its army .
Arson , looting , rape and murder of civilians , destruction of their homes , barns , livestock , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ uniform were the means .
In Missouri vast areas of the state became uninhabited .
Union General James H. Lane said : “ We believe in a war of extermination .
I want to see every foot of ground in Jackson , Cass and Bates Counties burned over—everything laid waste.
” “ Union cavalry burned 45 buildings in Dayton , Missouri , 42 in Rose hill , and 150 private homes in Johnson County .
The entire town of Columbus , Missouri , was burned to the ground.
” General Thomas Ewing cleared @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and forced 20,000 civilians from their homes , leaving them homeless , bare-footed and bare-headed with all of their possessions stolen by Union “ soldiers.
” Ewing bragged of his feat to a Washington reporter , telling him that his action was approved by President Lincoln .
The Tyranny of Good In ... Paul Craig Roberts , La ... Best Price : $ 6.96 Buy New $ 8.95 Lincoln ’ s friend , General Grenville Dodge , announced his policy of starving the entire population of the state of Tennessee .
“ These @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ” and will be made to understant that “ all they they possess belongs to the US Government.
” In December 1862 Fredericksburg , Virginia , was sacked , looted and destroyed by Union “ soldiers.
” Dilorenzo reports that “ similar lawless abuse of civilians occurred throughout the South as Lincoln ’ s generals continued to condone and even encourage it.
” Athens , Alabama was sacked by Union Col. Turchin , a Russian immigrant and Czar Nicholas enforcer .
The atrocities suffered by the civilian residents included the organized gang-raping of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ This was too much even for Union generals .
Major General Don Carlos Buell court-martialed Turchin and dismissed him from the army , but Lincoln intervened and promoted Turchin to general .
The Chicago Tribune praised Turchin ’ s elevation and wrote that Turchin “ has had , from the beginning , the wisest and clearest ideas of any man in the field about the way in which the war should be conducted.
” This should tell you all you need to know about the “ great moral North , ” but , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ come .
Unable to defeat Lee on the field of battle , the Union war criminals increasingly targeted civilians .
Charleston , South Carolina , was bombarded for six months by the Union navy .
Unexploded shells were still being discovered in 1963 , Atlanta was completely destroyed by General Sherman , first by bombardment and then by planted explosive charges .
Sherman ’ s chief military engineer , Captain O.M .
Poe , dismayed at so many corpses of women and children , advised Sherman that there was no military purpose in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , Sherman said , “ the corpses are a beautiful sight.
” DiLorenzo writes : “ In city after city , town after town , the same routine was followed : bombardment of civilians , theft of their property , burning of their homes and businesses , killing of livestock , even the bizarre , gratuitous and cruel killing of all family dogs.
” Orangeburg , South Carolina , was turned into one heap of ashes .
“ Even graves in cemetaries were dug up as [ Union ] soldiers searched for any @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of Columbia , South Carolina , was burned to the ground .
A Union colonel boasted : “ We have burnt one city , the capital , and most of the villages on our route , as well as most of the barns , outbuildings and dwelling houses , and every house that escaped fire has been pillaged.
” Blood Money : The Civil ... Graham , John Best Price : $ 6.52 Buy New $ 26.99 The South lost the war when Stonewall Jackson was killed by Confederate sentries who mistook him @ @ @ @ @ @ @ out of the picture , Union General Philip Sheridan could destroy the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia .
Grant ordered Sheridan to turn the land into “ a barren waste.
” And he did .
“ Sheridan informed Grant that he had set fire to 2,200 barns and 70 flour and wheat mills and had stolen or killed at least 7,000 cattle and sheep in one day .
‘ Tomorrow I will continue the destruction.
’ ” DiLorenzo writes : “ It took a special kind of ‘ soldier ’ to commit such war @ @ @ @ @ @ @ how in Sherman ’ s army ‘ the New York regiments were filled with big city criminals and foreigners fresh from the jails of the Old World.
’ .
.
.
These men committed atrocious war crimes under the direction of commanders like Sherman , who wrote to his wife that his ultimate purpose in the war was ‘ extermination , not of soldiers alone , that is the least part of the trouble , but the people ’ of the South .
A few years later Sherman would become even more notorious @ @ @ @ @ @ @ good Indian is a dead Indian ’ as the commanding general of the [ genocidal ] Plains Indians Wars.
” [ The quote attributed to Sherman is Sheridan ’ s .
The two Union generals had such identical views of southerners and Indians that it is easy to confuse them . ]
The “ Lincoln scholars , ” frauds to the last , pretend that Lincoln , Grant , Sherman , and Sheridan and the Union armies fought the war in order to free the slaves .
Hundreds of thousands of white Northerners @ @ @ @ @ @ @ people that Lincoln said were unfit to live among white people .
This is the kind of “ history ” that Americans get from their “ historians.
” Not a single historical document supports the false claim that the war was fought over slavery .
See this .
It has never , ever , struck “ Lincoln scholars ” as notable that within six weeks of the end of the war Sherman and Sheridan were busy at work with the Union army exterminating the Plains Indians who were , like the Confederacy , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the railroad barons .
Sherman wrote to Grant that “ We are not going to let a few thieving , ragged Indians check and stop the progress of the railroads.
” Lincoln ’ s friend , General Grenville Dodge , proposed enslaving the Indians and making them do the work on the railroad beds .
DiLorenzo writes : “ The same army that had just pillaged , plundered , and looted its way throughout the South ‘ to free the slaves , ’ as folklore has it , was to become a giant @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the State : An ... Rockwell Jr. , Llewelly ... Best Price : $ 5.02 Buy New $ 5.52 Sherman regarded native Americans the same as he regarded southerners—creatures to be exterminated .
The native American , the Union general said , was “ a less than human and savage race.
” The armies of Sherman and Sheridan conducted more than a thousand raids on Indian villages , mostly in winter months when families would be hunkered down together .
Orders were given to kill everyone and everything , including women , children @ @ @ @ @ @ @ extermination of the buffalo was launched in order to deprive the Indians of food and to starve them to death , making them an ineffectual fighting force .
The crimes committed by the Union army from 1861 unto well into the 1880s exceed the war crimes of any other period of history .
DiLorenzo concludes : “ Their behavior paved the way for the great sins and war crimes of the twentieth century ’ s wars.
” DiLorenzo describes how the criminal Lincoln was turned into a saint and how Lincoln ’ s @ @ @ @ @ @ @ followed .
President George W. Bush repeated Lincoln ’ s illegal act of suspending habeas corpus , and Congress and the Supreme Court did not challenge Bush ’ s usurpation of the power of Congress .
Both Bush and Obama dispensed with due process .
Because of Lincoln , the United States today bears no resemblance to the country created by the Founding Fathers .
The United States , as it once was , was in its grave in 1865 .
When the war was over , the real destruction of the South @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
The humiliation of southern people and the poisoning of racial relations by the Republicans and the Union occupiers , had southerners been less decent people , would have ended in the extermination of blacks and the killing on sight of every northerner and their southern accomplices .
But southerners were a moral and civilized people .
Consequently , it was the South that was exterminated .
The Best of Paul Craig Roberts

The title of Thomas J. DiLorenzo new book, The Problem with Lincoln, is an understatement. Lincoln was far more than a problem. He was the worst disaster ever to befall the United States.
Lincoln destroyed the federal republic established by the founding fathers, and he destroyed the Constitution that protected it. He violated every provision of, and every Amendment to, the Constitution. He then rewrote, in effect, the Constitution and left the 10th Amendment out.
The Lincoln regime was a dictatorship. Lincoln disregarded US law, the US Constitution, every right of the people, the power and authority of judges, and even exiled a US Representative. DiLorenzo writes that “freedom of speech was virtually nonexistent in the Northern states for the duration of the Lincoln administration.” Lincoln ordered the arrest and imprisonment of everyone who disapproved of his invasion of the South or made the slightest criticism of him. There were mass arrests of citizens and news paper editors of northern states. A minimum of 38,000 citizens of northern states were imprisoned without due process.
Lincoln committed treason against the Constitution when he suspended Habeas Corpus. No such power resides in the presidency. Only Congress can suspend Habeas Corpus even in the case of rebellion and invasion. The Problem with Linco... DiLorenzo, Thomas J. Buy New $29.99 (as of 11:50 UTC - Details)
US Supreme Court Chief Justice Roger B. Taney ruled Lincoln’s suspension of habeas corpus was unconstitutional. New York Tribune editor Horace Greeley wrote that it may be necessary to teach Taney a lesson. Lincoln had an arrest warrent written for Taney’s arrest, but did not serve it, apparently instead relying on Taney’s awareness of the warrant to bring him into line.
Other judges both state and federal who attempted to uphold laws were beat bloody and dragged off to prision or placed under house arrest and prevented from performing their judicial duties. Judge Richard Bennett Carmichael in Maryland attempted to enforce due process. Lincoln’s Secretary of State William Seward sent armed federal soldiers. They pistol-whipped the judge in his chambers, “beat him bloody and unconscious, and dragged him off to Fort McHenry.” US circuit court judge William Merrick issued a writ of habeas corpus for an underaged youth and was put “under house arrest by force of arms without due process.” Under Lincoln, there was not only no separation of powers, there was no other power.
Lincoln used army troops to break up meetings of the Democratic Party. US Senator Thomas A. Hendricks, for example, was prevented from speaking by Union troops with fixed bayonets who threatened “to make a summary disposal of him.”
In other words, life under Lincoln in the North was like life in the Soviet Union during the darkest days of Stalin’s rule. Life under Lincoln in the South was like Stalin’s destruction of the kulaks.
The white liberal “Lincoln scholars” admit much of this. And they justify it. For example, Cornell University professor Clinton Rossiter wrote a book, curiously titled Constitutional Dictatorship, a contradiction in terms. Rossiter declares Lincoln to be “a great dictator” whose “amazing disregard for the Constitution was considered by nobody as legal.” Rossiter celebrates this fact. Being a “great dictator” is what made Lincoln a “true democrat.” Another “Lincoln scholar,” Dean Sprague, wrote a book detailing hundreds of acts of tyranny by Lincoln, “and then somehow managed to conclude that Lincoln ‘had no taste for tyranny’ and was a ‘great humanitarian.’” The Last Gold Rushu202... Haynes, Bill Buy New $28.00 (as of 04:04 UTC - Details)
“This,” DiLorenzo writes, “is what makes someone a Lincoln ‘scholar’—dictatorship is democracy, tyranny is freedom, destroying the Constitution is constitutional, imprisoning political dissenters is benevolent, dictatorship in the right hands is good and noble—and on it goes.”
The most important chapter in DiLorenzo’s book is the fourth one. In this chapter the war crimes of Lincoln and his generals and army are the subject. Lincoln has the disgrace of being the first ruler in modern times to unleash indiscriminate war on civilian populations. From Lincoln came all of Washington’s subsequent violations of the rules of war and the Geneva protocols and conventions—the firebombing of Japanese and German civilian cities, the nuking of two Japanese civilian cities, the atrocities in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia, the murder of 500,000 Iraqi children justified by US Secretary of State Madeleine Albright in true Lincoln fashion as “worth it,” the massive deaths from Washington’s and Washington-sponsored illegal invasions of Afghanistan, Iraq, Libya, Syria, and Washington’s bombings of Pakistan, Somalia, Yemen, the persecution and torture of journalist Julian Assange, the torture horrors of Abu Ghraib and Guantanamo. If the South had won the war, Lincoln, the entirety of the Union high command and the bulk of the Union army could have been legally and justly hung as war criminals. Indeed, the war crimes of Lincoln, Grant, Sherman, Sheridan, and the Union army “paved the way for all the genocidal horrors of the monstrous 20th century.”
Lincoln’s war plan was designed to destroy the South, not just its army. Arson, looting, rape and murder of civilians, destruction of their homes, barns, livestock, and towns by the Union thugs in uniform were the means. In Missouri vast areas of the state became uninhabited. Union General James H. Lane said: “We believe in a war of extermination. I want to see every foot of ground in Jackson, Cass and Bates Counties burned over—everything laid waste.”
“Union cavalry burned 45 buildings in Dayton, Missouri, 42 in Rose hill, and 150 private homes in Johnson County. The entire town of Columbus, Missouri, was burned to the ground.”
General Thomas Ewing cleared 3,000 square miles of Missouri from habitation and forced 20,000 civilians from their homes, leaving them homeless, bare-footed and bare-headed with all of their possessions stolen by Union “soldiers.” Ewing bragged of his feat to a Washington reporter, telling him that his action was approved by President Lincoln. The Tyranny of Good In... Paul Craig Roberts, La... Best Price: $6.96 Buy New $8.95 (as of 07:10 UTC - Details)
Lincoln’s friend, General Grenville Dodge, announced his policy of starving the entire population of the state of Tennessee. “These people are proud, arrogant rebels,” and will be made to understant that “all they they possess belongs to the US Government.”
In December 1862 Fredericksburg, Virginia, was sacked, looted and destroyed by Union “soldiers.” Dilorenzo reports that “similar lawless abuse of civilians occurred throughout the South as Lincoln’s generals continued to condone and even encourage it.”
Athens, Alabama was sacked by Union Col. Turchin, a Russian immigrant and Czar Nicholas enforcer. The atrocities suffered by the civilian residents included the organized gang-raping of negroe women by Union “soldiers.” This was too much even for Union generals. Major General Don Carlos Buell court-martialed Turchin and dismissed him from the army, but Lincoln intervened and promoted Turchin to general. The Chicago Tribune praised Turchin’s elevation and wrote that Turchin “has had, from the beginning, the wisest and clearest ideas of any man in the field about the way in which the war should be conducted.” This should tell you all you need to know about the “great moral North,” but, alas, there is much worst to come.
Unable to defeat Lee on the field of battle, the Union war criminals increasingly targeted civilians. Charleston, South Carolina, was bombarded for six months by the Union navy. Unexploded shells were still being discovered in 1963,
Atlanta was completely destroyed by General Sherman, first by bombardment and then by planted explosive charges. Sherman’s chief military engineer, Captain O.M. Poe, dismayed at so many corpses of women and children, advised Sherman that there was no military purpose in the continued bombardment. To the contrary, Sherman said, “the corpses are a beautiful sight.”
DiLorenzo writes: “In city after city, town after town, the same routine was followed: bombardment of civilians, theft of their property, burning of their homes and businesses, killing of livestock, even the bizarre, gratuitous and cruel killing of all family dogs.” Orangeburg, South Carolina, was turned into one heap of ashes. “Even graves in cemetaries were dug up as [Union] soldiers searched for any valuable jewelry on the corpses.” Two-thirds of Columbia, South Carolina, was burned to the ground. A Union colonel boasted: “We have burnt one city, the capital, and most of the villages on our route, as well as most of the barns, outbuildings and dwelling houses, and every house that escaped fire has been pillaged.” Blood Money: The Civil... Graham, John Best Price: $6.52 Buy New $26.99 (as of 04:05 UTC - Details)
The South lost the war when Stonewall Jackson was killed by Confederate sentries who mistook him for a Union scout. With Jackson out of the picture, Union General Philip Sheridan could destroy the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia. Grant ordered Sheridan to turn the land into “a barren waste.” And he did. “Sheridan informed Grant that he had set fire to 2,200 barns and 70 flour and wheat mills and had stolen or killed at least 7,000 cattle and sheep in one day. ‘Tomorrow I will continue the destruction.’”
DiLorenzo writes: “It took a special kind of ‘soldier’ to commit such war crimes. Sherman biographer Lee Kennett wrote how in Sherman’s army ‘the New York regiments were filled with big city criminals and foreigners fresh from the jails of the Old World.’ . . . These men committed atrocious war crimes under the direction of commanders like Sherman, who wrote to his wife that his ultimate purpose in the war was ‘extermination, not of soldiers alone, that is the least part of the trouble, but the people’ of the South. A few years later Sherman would become even more notorious for his saying that ‘the only good Indian is a dead Indian’ as the commanding general of the [genocidal] Plains Indians Wars.” [The quote attributed to Sherman is Sheridan’s. The two Union generals had such identical views of southerners and Indians that it is easy to confuse them.]
The “Lincoln scholars,” frauds to the last, pretend that Lincoln, Grant, Sherman, and Sheridan and the Union armies fought the war in order to free the slaves. Hundreds of thousands of white Northerners died in order to allegedly free black people that Lincoln said were unfit to live among white people. This is the kind of “history” that Americans get from their “historians.” Not a single historical document supports the false claim that the war was fought over slavery. See this.
It has never, ever, struck “Lincoln scholars” as notable that within six weeks of the end of the war Sherman and Sheridan were busy at work with the Union army exterminating the Plains Indians who were, like the Confederacy, in the way of the empire and the railroad barons.
Sherman wrote to Grant that “We are not going to let a few thieving, ragged Indians check and stop the progress of the railroads.” Lincoln’s friend, General Grenville Dodge, proposed enslaving the Indians and making them do the work on the railroad beds. DiLorenzo writes: “The same army that had just pillaged, plundered, and looted its way throughout the South ‘to free the slaves,’ as folklore has it, was to become a giant collection of slave plantation overseers.” Against the State: An ... Rockwell Jr., Llewelly... Best Price: $5.02 Buy New $5.52 (as of 11:35 UTC - Details)
Sherman regarded native Americans the same as he regarded southerners—creatures to be exterminated. The native American, the Union general said, was “a less than human and savage race.” The armies of Sherman and Sheridan conducted more than a thousand raids on Indian villages, mostly in winter months when families would be hunkered down together. Orders were given to kill everyone and everything, including women, children, and animals. A war of extermination of the buffalo was launched in order to deprive the Indians of food and to starve them to death, making them an ineffectual fighting force. The crimes committed by the Union army from 1861 unto well into the 1880s exceed the war crimes of any other period of history.
DiLorenzo concludes: “Their behavior paved the way for the great sins and war crimes of the twentieth century’s wars.”
DiLorenzo describes how the criminal Lincoln was turned into a saint and how Lincoln’s criminal actions became precedents for presidents who followed. President George W. Bush repeated Lincoln’s illegal act of suspending habeas corpus, and Congress and the Supreme Court did not challenge Bush’s usurpation of the power of Congress. Both Bush and Obama dispensed with due process. Because of Lincoln, the United States today bears no resemblance to the country created by the Founding Fathers. The United States, as it once was, was in its grave in 1865.
When the war was over, the real destruction of the South began. It is known as Reconstruction. The humiliation of southern people and the poisoning of racial relations by the Republicans and the Union occupiers, had southerners been less decent people, would have ended in the extermination of blacks and the killing on sight of every northerner and their southern accomplices. But southerners were a moral and civilized people. Consequently, it was the South that was exterminated.
The Best of Paul Craig Roberts


lewrockwell--2020-07-23--How America’s Adult Children Who Never Grew Up Became Dostoyevsky’s Demons

Many contributors on this platform have rightly pointed out the two most perplexing developments within the United States this century that carry truly terrifying implications for the peace and stability of the entire world : The first is the manic American obsession with lecturing other nations around the world and then intervening recklessly and without end to topple governments and remake entire societies .
Over the past half century these endless misadventures in so-called “ nation building ” ( in reality the exact opposite , the destruction of nations ) have failed catastrophically wherever they have been tried .
The @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the United States itself , ripped to shreds by a bizarre 18th century federalism that in truth has been obsolete since the creation of the steam-powered railroad locomotive almost two centuries ago .
And as if that was not enough , we now see the shredding of American society into two antipathetic sections , the ultra-liberals and the caricature conservatives that hate each like poison and seek no common ground whatsoever .
MW Polar Peppered Smok ... Buy New $ 41.00 ( $ 0.48 / Ounce ) But beneath both these obvious disintegrating @ @ @ @ @ @ @ deeper destructive force .
It is the infantilization of more than 200 million adult Americans themselves .
In the words of St. Paul in Second Thessalonians in the New Testament , God has sent them strong delusion so that they may believe a lie .
Except today the delusions and therefore the lies have proliferated beyond number .
Beneath , them all , however , lies the same terrifying phenomenon .
For more than half a century , the United States has experienced the largest number of broken families and children brought up @ @ @ @ @ @ @ alcohol-riddled families than any other nation in the world .
What this has created is generations of human beings in a nuclear-armed society of more than 330 million people who are emotionally simplistic , however well fed , well-educated and well informed ( in reality of course they are not ) and how financially wealthy they are .
My wife has an insatiable appetite for classic American movies of the 1930s and 1940s : I confess to my own passion for 1950s crime dramas such as “ Perry Mason ” , “ The @ @ @ @ @ @ @ The appeal these ancient cultural artifacts offers to us both is a time when men were men and women were women .
When adults acted , or at least tried to act like adults in public .
And a time when grown-ups did not pathetically bend over backwards to take responsibility for crimes real and imaginary that occurred generations before they were born .
What kind of younger generation is produced by such a generation of “ Mea Culpa , breast-beating , whimpering bowls of quivering human jelly ?
They are selfish , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ have the right , the power and even the duty to remake the world in their own image .
“ Having a form of godliness , but denying the power thereof : from such turn away.
” — St. Paul again in Second Timothy 3:5 .
Wild Planet , Wild Pink ... Best Price : null Buy New $ 39.90 ( $ 0.55 / Ounce ) This is a delusional state far more dangerous than one that merely afflicts bullies and weak little boys who dream of becoming big , bad , simplified @ @ @ @ @ @ @ horrific , arrogant creatures of limitless nihilist destruction bound to emerge from such a society in his most haunting and terrifying masterpiece , “ Demons ” or “ The Possessed.
” The so-called progressives on the left wing ( also so-called ) of American society are even worse afflicted .
They are determined to impose on everyone their simplistic , uninformed and laughably ignorant views on environmentalism , the supposed “ evils ” of greenhouse gases and the iniquities of DDT — still the best and most potent insecticide for suppressing the mosquitos @ @ @ @ @ @ @ every year ( sharks worldwide only eat about a dozen or so unfortunates per annum. )
.
When one realizes that one is dealing with an entire enormous society of ignorant , arrogant spoiled brats ( male and female ) who never grew up , the deeper explanations for otherwise baffling behavior patterns and policy obsessions become clear .
Why the idiotic and truly suicidal need to endlessly pressure , punish , lecture and alienate the great nuclear-powered nations of Russia and China ?
Why the continuing obsession , ludicrous from the very @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and Iraq — and now Ukraine and Georgia too — into exact replicas of the social and moral perfection that the United States itself is imagined to embody ?
Why the genuine universally held confidence that the United States is the most prosperous , fairest , least violent , most secure and plain happiest society anywhere in the world — universally shared by those who have never been to any other ones ?
1 oz .999 Hand-Poured ... Buy New $ 33.95 Why the charming but bizarre resistance to learning true facts about @ @ @ @ @ @ @ those who have never actually visited them — and have no intention of ever doing so ?
Why do Republicans and Democrats alike join forces in Congress to demonize Russia in particular as the embody of evil when Russia has never been more tolerant , more open and more prosperous than at any time in its long history ?
It is because generations of Americans raised on simplistic fairy tales continue to crave them and swallow them whole long after they have grown up .
And since they lacked the discipline , the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ that fathers usually — more or less — endeavor to teach their children , boys and girls alike , it follows that successive generations exhibit the psychological symptoms of ever more disintegrating psyches .
Just as a nuclear cyclotron fissions subatomic particles into ever smaller specks of matter and/or energy the faster it spins , the crazy , ever-accelerating disintegration of American society produces more absurd and extreme pathologies with every generation — and now with every year that passes .
This is why the cautious restraint practiced by the leaders of Russia @ @ @ @ @ @ @ from the people of the United States as well as their leaders .
And it explains why the ignorant hysterical mob who now fill the halls of Congress wall to wall scream like spoiled brats and shrilly impose ever more ambitious economic sanctions against the increasing number of nations around the world that have tired of their excesses .
How much longer can such a state of affairs , such an imbalance in the order of the world , endure ?
Not much longer at all .
The views of individual contributors do @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Culture Foundation .

Many contributors on this platform have rightly pointed out the two most perplexing developments within the United States this century that carry truly terrifying implications for the peace and stability of the entire world:
The first is the manic American obsession with lecturing other nations around the world and then intervening recklessly and without end to topple governments and remake entire societies. Over the past half century these endless misadventures in so-called “nation building” (in reality the exact opposite, the destruction of nations) have failed catastrophically wherever they have been tried.
The second, is the looming disintegration of the United States itself, ripped to shreds by a bizarre 18th century federalism that in truth has been obsolete since the creation of the steam-powered railroad locomotive almost two centuries ago.
And as if that was not enough, we now see the shredding of American society into two antipathetic sections, the ultra-liberals and the caricature conservatives that hate each like poison and seek no common ground whatsoever.
MW Polar Peppered Smok... Buy New $41.00 ($0.48 / Ounce) (as of 04:07 UTC - Details) But beneath both these obvious disintegrating factors, I propose lies a single deeper destructive force. It is the infantilization of more than 200 million adult Americans themselves. In the words of St. Paul in Second Thessalonians in the New Testament, God has sent them strong delusion so that they may believe a lie. Except today the delusions and therefore the lies have proliferated beyond number.
Beneath, them all, however, lies the same terrifying phenomenon. For more than half a century, the United States has experienced the largest number of broken families and children brought up by single parents or in drug and alcohol-riddled families than any other nation in the world.
What this has created is generations of human beings in a nuclear-armed society of more than 330 million people who are emotionally simplistic, however well fed, well-educated and well informed (in reality of course they are not) and how financially wealthy they are.
My wife has an insatiable appetite for classic American movies of the 1930s and 1940s: I confess to my own passion for 1950s crime dramas such as “Perry Mason”, “The Untouchables” and “M Squad.” The appeal these ancient cultural artifacts offers to us both is a time when men were men and women were women. When adults acted, or at least tried to act like adults in public. And a time when grown-ups did not pathetically bend over backwards to take responsibility for crimes real and imaginary that occurred generations before they were born.
What kind of younger generation is produced by such a generation of “Mea Culpa, breast-beating , whimpering bowls of quivering human jelly? They are selfish, narcissistic and arrogant: They believe they have the right, the power and even the duty to remake the world in their own image. “Having a form of godliness, but denying the power thereof: from such turn away.” — St. Paul again in Second Timothy 3:5. Wild Planet, Wild Pink... Buy New $39.90 ($0.55 / Ounce) (as of 03:35 UTC - Details)
This is a delusional state far more dangerous than one that merely afflicts bullies and weak little boys who dream of becoming big, bad, simplified over-macho men. Fyodor Dostoyevsky recognized the horrific, arrogant creatures of limitless nihilist destruction bound to emerge from such a society in his most haunting and terrifying masterpiece, “Demons” or “The Possessed.”
The so-called progressives on the left wing (also so-called) of American society are even worse afflicted. They are determined to impose on everyone their simplistic, uninformed and laughably ignorant views on environmentalism, the supposed “evils” of greenhouse gases and the iniquities of DDT — still the best and most potent insecticide for suppressing the mosquitos that kill around two million human being every year (sharks worldwide only eat about a dozen or so unfortunates per annum.).
When one realizes that one is dealing with an entire enormous society of ignorant, arrogant spoiled brats (male and female) who never grew up, the deeper explanations for otherwise baffling behavior patterns and policy obsessions become clear.
Why the idiotic and truly suicidal need to endlessly pressure, punish, lecture and alienate the great nuclear-powered nations of Russia and China? Why the continuing obsession, ludicrous from the very beginning, of trying to turn Afghanistan and Iraq — and now Ukraine and Georgia too — into exact replicas of the social and moral perfection that the United States itself is imagined to embody?
Why the genuine universally held confidence that the United States is the most prosperous, fairest, least violent, most secure and plain happiest society anywhere in the world — universally shared by those who have never been to any other ones? 1 oz .999 Hand-Poured ... Buy New $33.95 (as of 04:44 UTC - Details)
Why the charming but bizarre resistance to learning true facts about daily life in other countries among all those who have never actually visited them — and have no intention of ever doing so?
Why do Republicans and Democrats alike join forces in Congress to demonize Russia in particular as the embody of evil when Russia has never been more tolerant, more open and more prosperous than at any time in its long history?
It is because generations of Americans raised on simplistic fairy tales continue to crave them and swallow them whole long after they have grown up. And since they lacked the discipline, the restraints and the wisdom born of experience that fathers usually — more or less — endeavor to teach their children, boys and girls alike, it follows that successive generations exhibit the psychological symptoms of ever more disintegrating psyches.
Just as a nuclear cyclotron fissions subatomic particles into ever smaller specks of matter and/or energy the faster it spins, the crazy, ever-accelerating disintegration of American society produces more absurd and extreme pathologies with every generation — and now with every year that passes.
This is why the cautious restraint practiced by the leaders of Russia and China provokes so much incensed wrath from the people of the United States as well as their leaders. And it explains why the ignorant hysterical mob who now fill the halls of Congress wall to wall scream like spoiled brats and shrilly impose ever more ambitious economic sanctions against the increasing number of nations around the world that have tired of their excesses.
How much longer can such a state of affairs, such an imbalance in the order of the world, endure?
Not much longer at all.
The views of individual contributors do not necessarily represent those of the Strategic Culture Foundation.


lewrockwell--2020-07-23--Magnetic North Pole Moving as Much as 37 Miles Per Year

Could this be a precursor to a full-fledged magnetic excursion ?
__________ Earth ’ s magnetic north pole has shifted away from Canada and closer to Siberia at a surprisingly rapid pace in recent years , writes Jennifer Leman in Popular Mechanics ( May 15 , 2020 ) .
James Clark Ross first identified the magnetic pole on the Boothia Peninsula in Canada ’ s Nunavut territory in 1831 , and scientists have been carefully measuring its location ever since .
While the poles have drifted and even swapped places numerous times over the long course of Earth ’ s @ @ @ @ @ @ @ how quickly this shift is happening .
From 1999 to 2005 , Earth ’ s magnetic north pole went from shifting 9 miles – at most -each year to as much as 37 miles in a year .
The movement has been so rapid that the British Geological Survey and U.S. National Geophysical Data Center , which update the World ’ s Magnetic Model , had to accelerate their process in order to keep up .
Worlds in Collion Immanuel Velikovsky Best Price : $ 20.28 Buy New $ 22.20 The Electric Universe @ @ @ @ @ @ @ : $ 70.00 Buy New $ 27.00 The Electric Sky Donald E. Scott Best Price : $ 39.00 Buy New $ 27.00

Could this be a precursor to a full-fledged magnetic excursion?
__________
Earth’s magnetic north pole has shifted away from Canada and closer to Siberia at a surprisingly rapid pace in recent years, writes Jennifer Leman in Popular Mechanics (May 15, 2020).
James Clark Ross first identified the magnetic pole on the Boothia Peninsula in Canada’s Nunavut territory in 1831, and scientists have been carefully measuring its location ever since.
While the poles have drifted and even swapped places numerous times over the long course of Earth’s history, what’s different is how quickly this shift is happening. From 1999 to 2005, Earth’s magnetic north pole went from shifting 9 miles – at most -each year to as much as 37 miles in a year.
Photo credit – Livermore et al – Nature Geoscience 2020
The movement has been so rapid that the British Geological Survey and U.S. National Geophysical Data Center, which update the World’s Magnetic Model, had to accelerate their process in order to keep up.
Read the Whole Article
Worlds in Collion Immanuel Velikovsky Best Price: $20.28 Buy New $22.20 (as of 07:45 UTC - Details) The Electric Universe Wallace Thornhill, Dav... Best Price: $70.00 Buy New $27.00 (as of 11:40 UTC - Details) The Electric Sky Donald E. Scott Best Price: $39.00 Buy New $27.00 (as of 02:57 UTC - Details)