greenmedinfo--2020-09-18--In vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of Yerba Mate extract in colon cancer models.

Yerba Mate ( Ilex paraguariensis St. Hill .
Aquifoliaceae ) is a native South American tree and has a large amount of bioactive compounds .
Colorectal cancer ( CRC ) is one of the so-called westernized diseases and is the third most common cancer in both men and women .
Efficient strategies for the treatment of CRC are extensively being explored including dietary intervention .
The objective of our research was to evaluate the effects of Yerba Mate extract on cell proliferation , invasive capacity of tumor cells , and angiogenesis .
For this , in vitro and in vivo @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
The extract was generated by aqueous extraction and prepared according to traditional American procedure of preparing mate infusion .
In vitro results showed that the Yerba Mate extract inhibits CT26 and COLO 205 cell proliferation with ICvalues of 0.25 and 0.46 mg/mL , respectively .
We demonstrated by TUNEL assay that one of the mechanisms by which Yerba Mate extract decreases cell proliferation is by induction of apoptosis .
In a murine syngeneic tumor model , oral administration of Yerba Mate extract in a dose of 1.6 g/kg/day significantly inhibited angiogenesis and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ body weight .
Our findings suggest that Yerba Mate may be a promising agent for the treatment of colon cancer and could be used as an herbal medicine or functional food ingredient .
PRACTICAL APPLICATION : Considering the chemical composition and presence of phenolic compounds with their free-radical scavenging activities and bioactivities against colon cancer cells , Yerba Mate can be a promising candidate as healthy food sources in human nutrition , and also be considered a natural source of potential antitumor agents .
Taking into account the economic importance of Yerba Mate @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a greater commercial value as a functional food .

Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hill. Aquifoliaceae) is a native South American tree and has a large amount of bioactive compounds. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the so-called westernized diseases and is the third most common cancer in both men and women. Efficient strategies for the treatment of CRC are extensively being explored including dietary intervention. The objective of our research was to evaluate the effects of Yerba Mate extract on cell proliferation, invasive capacity of tumor cells, and angiogenesis. For this, in vitro and in vivo experimentation was carried out using CRC models. The extract was generated by aqueous extraction and prepared according to traditional American procedure of preparing mate infusion. In vitro results showed that the Yerba Mate extract inhibits CT26 and COLO 205 cell proliferation with ICvalues of 0.25 and 0.46 mg/mL, respectively. We demonstrated by TUNEL assay that one of the mechanisms by which Yerba Mate extract decreases cell proliferation is by induction of apoptosis. In a murine syngeneic tumor model, oral administration of Yerba Mate extract in a dose of 1.6 g/kg/day significantly inhibited angiogenesis and tumor growth without affecting biological parameters or body weight. Our findings suggest that Yerba Mate may be a promising agent for the treatment of colon cancer and could be used as an herbal medicine or functional food ingredient. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Considering the chemical composition and presence of phenolic compounds with their free-radical scavenging activities and bioactivities against colon cancer cells, Yerba Mate can be a promising candidate as healthy food sources in human nutrition, and also be considered a natural source of potential antitumor agents. Taking into account the economic importance of Yerba Mate in Argentina, this vegetable would have a greater commercial value as a functional food.


greenmedinfo--2020-09-18--Rosa canina distilled water could modulate tamoxifen-induced fatty liver as well as improving the sp

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE : In spite of therapeutic effect of tamoxifen on the breast cancer , it has some side effects on the liver including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease .
In this study the effects of Rosa canina distilled water on the tamoxifen-induced fatty liver and oxidative stress status in male rats were investigated .
MATERIALS AND METHODS : Twenty four adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 6 : 1st group : Untreated control rats ( C ) , 2nd group ( T ) : The rats received tamoxifen , 3rd group ( T+R ) @ @ @ @ @ @ @ distilled water and 4th group ( R ) : Rats received only Rosa canina distilled water .
Tamoxifen at 1 mg kg-1/day was injected subcutaneously for 7 days and the rats received orally Rosa canina distilled water at 1 mL/rat/daily for 14 days .
At the end of the study , animals were studied for serum biochemical parameters ( glucose , lipid profile , BUN , creatinine , uric acid , urea , ALT , AST , ALP , total protein , bilirubin , oxidative stress indices , sperm analysis and histology of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ with SPSS software version 20 and expressed as Mean±SD .
RESULTS : Rosa canina distilled water improved liver enzyme and renal function indices which disturbed due to tamoxifen treatment .
While tamoxifen enhanced lipid peroxidation , Rosa canina distilled water reduced it .
In addition , tamoxifen reduced the mobility , morphology and viability of sperms , but the Rosa canina distilled water enhanced the sperm parameters .
Histological results also confirmed the adverse effect of tamoxifen and the favorable impact of the Rosa canina distilled water on the liver structures of animals @ @ @ @ @ @ @ could modulate tamoxifen-induced fatty liver as well as improving the sperm parameters .

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In spite of therapeutic effect of tamoxifen on the breast cancer, it has some side effects on the liver including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In this study the effects of Rosa canina distilled water on the tamoxifen-induced fatty liver and oxidative stress status in male rats were investigated.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty four adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 6: 1st group: Untreated control rats (C), 2nd group (T): The rats received tamoxifen, 3rd group (T+R): Rats received tamoxifen and Rosa canina distilled water and 4th group (R): Rats received only Rosa canina distilled water. Tamoxifen at 1 mg kg-1/day was injected subcutaneously for 7 days and the rats received orally Rosa canina distilled water at 1 mL/rat/daily for 14 days. At the end of the study, animals were studied for serum biochemical parameters (glucose, lipid profile, BUN, creatinine, uric acid, urea, ALT, AST, ALP, total protein, bilirubin, oxidative stress indices, sperm analysis and histology of the liver. The data were analyzed with SPSS software version 20 and expressed as Mean±SD.
RESULTS: Rosa canina distilled water improved liver enzyme and renal function indices which disturbed due to tamoxifen treatment. While tamoxifen enhanced lipid peroxidation, Rosa canina distilled water reduced it. In addition, tamoxifen reduced the mobility, morphology and viability of sperms, but the Rosa canina distilled water enhanced the sperm parameters. Histological results also confirmed the adverse effect of tamoxifen and the favorable impact of the Rosa canina distilled water on the liver structures of animals.
CONCLUSION: Rosa canina distilled water could modulate tamoxifen-induced fatty liver as well as improving the sperm parameters.


greenmedinfo--2020-09-18--Characterization and anti-diabetic effects of the oligosaccharide fraction isolated from Rosa canina

Characterization and anti-diabetic effects of the oligosaccharide fraction isolated from Rosa canina in STZ-Induced diabetic rats.

Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia .
There has been a surge of research @ @ @ @ @ products in the management of diabetes .
The objective of this study was to isolate @ @ @ @ @ anti-diabetic mechanisms of the main ingredient from Rosa canina .
The oligosaccharide was isolated from @ @ @ @ @ by a combination of FTIR , NMR and Mass spectrometry .
Wistar rats were divided @ @ @ @ @ ( type 2 ) , isolated oligosaccharide ( IO ) -treated diabetic and positive diabetic @ @ @ @ @ , gluconeogenesis andα-glucosidase inhibitory tests as well as immunohistochemistry and quantitative real time-PCR were performed @ @ @ @ @ mechanisms of IO .
Structural analyses confirmed the oligosaccharide structure of isolated fraction .
Gluconeogenesis @ @ @ @ @ IO in diabetic rats .
The oral glucose tolerance test was improved significantly in the @ @ @ @ @ ( P

Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. There has been a surge of research studies aiming to use natural products in the management of diabetes. The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize the structure and anti-diabetic mechanisms of the main ingredient from Rosa canina. The oligosaccharide was isolated from Rosa canina fruits and characterized by a combination of FTIR, NMR and Mass spectrometry. Wistar rats were divided into negative control, diabetic (type 2), isolated oligosaccharide (IO)-treated diabetic and positive diabetic controls. Oral glucose tolerance, gluconeogenesis andα-glucosidase inhibitory tests as well as immunohistochemistry and quantitative real time-PCR were performed to elucidate the molecular anti-diabetic mechanisms of IO. Structural analyses confirmed the oligosaccharide structure of isolated fraction. Gluconeogenesis and α-glucosidase activity wereinhibited by IO in diabetic rats. The oral glucose tolerance test was improved significantly in the group treated with the IO (P < 0.05). Pancreatic β-cells and tissue pathological examination showed a significant improvement after the treatment period. In addition, the expression of Ngn3, Nkx6.1 and insulin increased in oligosaccharide-treated compared to untreated diabetic rats. Owing to the verified anti-diabetic effectsand regenerative potential, isolated oligosaccharide could be considered as the promising drug in the management of diabetes.


greenmedinfo--2020-09-18--Molecular mechanism of the anti-diabetic activity of an identified oligosaccharide from Rosa canina.

Background and purpose : Because of the high prevalence , diabetes is considered a global health threat .
Hence , the need for effective , cheap , and comfortable therapies are highly felt .
In previous study , a novel oligosaccharide with strong anti-diabetic activity in the crude extract offruits , from thefamily , was identified .
The present study was designed to ensure its efficacy usingandstudies .
Experimental approach : Crude extract and its purified oligosaccharide were prepared from corresponding herb .
Adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of 10 each , as follows : @ @ @ @ @ @ @ only sterile normal saline ; group 2 , diabetic control rats received sterile normal saline ; group 3 , diabetic rats treated with crude extract of Rosa canina ( 40 % w/v ) by oral gavage for 8 weeks ; group 4 , diabetic rats treated with purified oligosaccharide of Rosa canina ( 2 mg/kg ) by oral gavage for 8 weeks .
After treatment , body weight , fasting blood glucose , serum insulin levels and islet beta-cell repair and proliferation were investigated .
The possible cytoprotective action of oligosaccharide was evaluated @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and insulin secretion in cell culture media were examined .
Real-time PCR was used to determine the expression level of some glucose metabolism-related regulator genes .
Findings / Results : In the animal model of diabetes , the insulin levels were increased significantly due to the regeneration of beta-cells in the islands of langerhans by the purified oligosaccharide.cell apoptosis examination showed that high concentration of oligosaccharide increased cell death , while at low concentration protected cells from streptozotocin-induced apoptosis .
Molecular study showed that the expression ofandinsulin production genes were increased , leading @ @ @ @ @ @ @ asand .
On the other hand , the expression of thegene , which is related to the glucose transporter 2 , was significantly reduced due to insulin concentrations .
Conclusion and implications : The purified oligosaccharide fromwas a reliable anti-diabetic agent , which acted by increasing insulin production in beta-cells of the islands of Langerhans .

Background and purpose: Because of the high prevalence, diabetes is considered a global health threat. Hence, the need for effective, cheap, and comfortable therapies are highly felt. In previous study, a novel oligosaccharide with strong anti-diabetic activity in the crude extract offruits, from thefamily, was identified. The present study was designed to ensure its efficacy usingandstudies.
Experimental approach: Crude extract and its purified oligosaccharide were prepared from corresponding herb. Adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of 10 each, as follows: group 1, healthy control rats given only sterile normal saline; group 2, diabetic control rats received sterile normal saline; group 3, diabetic rats treated with crude extract of Rosa canina (40% w/v) by oral gavage for 8 weeks; group 4, diabetic rats treated with purified oligosaccharide of Rosa canina (2 mg/kg) by oral gavage for 8 weeks. After treatment, body weight, fasting blood glucose, serum insulin levels and islet beta-cell repair and proliferation were investigated. The possible cytoprotective action of oligosaccharide was evaluated. The effect of oligosaccharide on apoptosis and insulin secretion in cell culture media were examined. Real-time PCR was used to determine the expression level of some glucose metabolism-related regulator genes.
Findings / Results: In the animal model of diabetes, the insulin levels were increased significantly due to the regeneration of beta-cells in the islands of langerhans by the purified oligosaccharide.cell apoptosis examination showed that high concentration of oligosaccharide increased cell death, while at low concentration protected cells from streptozotocin-induced apoptosis. Molecular study showed that the expression ofandinsulin production genes were increased, leading to increased expression of insulin-dependent genes such asand. On the other hand, the expression of thegene, which is related to the glucose transporter 2, was significantly reduced due to insulin concentrations.
Conclusion and implications: The purified oligosaccharide fromwas a reliable anti-diabetic agent, which acted by increasing insulin production in beta-cells of the islands of Langerhans.


greenmedinfo--2020-09-18--Protective effect of the isolated oligosaccharide from Rosa canina in STZ-treated cells through modu

Protective effect of the isolated oligosaccharide from Rosa canina in STZ-treated cells through modulation of the autophagy pathway.

Isolation of active components of therapeutic plants and discovering molecular mechanisms play a pivotal role in therapy of diabetes .
This study aimed to determine the antidiabetic mechanism of an oligosaccharide isolated from Rosa canina ( RCO ) by measuring the expression of some miRNAs and their targets involved in autophagy .
RCO was extracted and characterized by using HPLC and spectroscopic methods .
Rin-5F cells were treated with STZ and RCO alone and in combination .
The viability of the cells and the expression of miR-21 , miR-22 , Akt , ATG5 , Beclin1 , LC3A , and LC3B @ @ @ @ @ @ @ qRT-PCR , respectively .
Oligosaccharide fraction could improve the viability of RCO-treated cells as compared to STZ-treated cells .
Further , the expression of autophagy markers was increased in RCO-treated diabetic cells compared to STZ-treated cells .
The results indicated that the antidiabetic effects of the oligosaccharide components of R. canina seem to be mediated by modulation of autophagy pathway .
PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS : Given effectiveness of an oligosaccharide fraction isolated from Rosa canina in management of diabetes in STZ-induced diabetic rats , we have intention to scrutinize its molecular mechanism as modulation @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
It is expected that the results paved the way to speculate novel antidiabetic strategies .

Isolation of active components of therapeutic plants and discovering molecular mechanisms play a pivotal role in therapy of diabetes. This study aimed to determine the antidiabetic mechanism of an oligosaccharide isolated from Rosa canina (RCO) by measuring the expression of some miRNAs and their targets involved in autophagy. RCO was extracted and characterized by using HPLC and spectroscopic methods. Rin-5F cells were treated with STZ and RCO alone and in combination. The viability of the cells and the expression of miR-21, miR-22, Akt, ATG5, Beclin1, LC3A, and LC3B were analyzed using MTT assay, and qRT-PCR, respectively. Oligosaccharide fraction could improve the viability of RCO-treated cells as compared to STZ-treated cells. Further, the expression of autophagy markers was increased in RCO-treated diabetic cells compared to STZ-treated cells. The results indicated that the antidiabetic effects of the oligosaccharide components of R. canina seem to be mediated by modulation of autophagy pathway. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Given effectiveness of an oligosaccharide fraction isolated from Rosa canina in management of diabetes in STZ-induced diabetic rats, we have intention to scrutinize its molecular mechanism as modulation of autophagy pathway in STZ-treated Rin-5F cells. It is expected that the results paved the way to speculate novel antidiabetic strategies.


greenmedinfo--2020-09-18--Rosa brunonii Lindely fruit as a new protective agent evaluated against Rif/INH induced toxicity.

Rosa brunonii L. , a less investigated plant contains flavonoid glycosides and is used to treat stomach ailments , heart problems , and diabetes in folk .
The crude extract of the plant possesses antioxidant activity .
The current work was aimed to investigate the presence of phytochemicals , antioxidative stress and protective potential of chloroform extract of the Rosa brunonii L. fruits ( RBFCE ) against liver and kidney toxicity induced by anti-tuberculosis drugs , rifampicin/isoniazid ( Rif/INH ) in Wistar albino rats .
Animals were divided into six groups , each comprising 6 rats and fed with a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ was given only a standard pelleted diet .
The vehicle control group received 0.5 % carboxymethylcellulose ( CMC ) aqueous solution ( vehicle ) .
Negative and positive control groups were given Rif/INH ( 50+50 mg/kg , p.o ) and silymarin ( SILM ) ( 200 mg/kg , p.o ) in 0.5 % vehicle for 30 days , respectively .
Extract treated groups received low and high doses of RBFCE ( 500 mg/kg , p.o and 1000 mg/kg , p.o respectively ) in 0.5 % vehicle for 30 days .
At a higher @ @ @ @ @ @ @ induced toxicity in liver and kidney tissues as indicated by the normalized serum biochemical markers and histopathological investigations .
The present exploration reveals the presence of strong antioxidant phytochemical constituents , antioxidative stress and protective potential of RBFCE against Rif/INH induced hepatic and renal damage .

Rosa brunonii L., a less investigated plant contains flavonoid glycosides and is used to treat stomach ailments, heart problems, and diabetes in folk. The crude extract of the plant possesses antioxidant activity. The current work was aimed to investigate the presence of phytochemicals, antioxidative stress and protective potential of chloroform extract of the Rosa brunonii L. fruits (RBFCE) against liver and kidney toxicity induced by anti-tuberculosis drugs, rifampicin/isoniazid (Rif/INH) in Wistar albino rats. Animals were divided into six groups, each comprising 6 rats and fed with a standard pelleted diet. Normal control group was given only a standard pelleted diet. The vehicle control group received 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) aqueous solution (vehicle). Negative and positive control groups were given Rif/INH (50+50 mg/kg, p.o) and silymarin (SILM) (200 mg/kg, p.o) in 0.5% vehicle for 30 days, respectively. Extract treated groups received low and high doses of RBFCE (500 mg/kg, p.o and 1000 mg/kg, p.o respectively) in 0.5% vehicle for 30 days. At a higher dose, animals showed significantly reduced Rif/INH induced toxicity in liver and kidney tissues as indicated by the normalized serum biochemical markers and histopathological investigations. The present exploration reveals the presence of strong antioxidant phytochemical constituents, antioxidative stress and protective potential of RBFCE against Rif/INH induced hepatic and renal damage.


greenmedinfo--2020-09-18--Low-vitamin-D diet lowers cerebral serotonin concentration in mature female mice.

Low circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D ( 25OHD ) is commonly found in obese individuals and is often attributed to a volume @ @ @ @ @ .
However , low vitamin D ( LD ) intake may contribute to the obesity @ @ @ @ @ , we examine whether low vitamin D status contributes to increased food intake and weight @ @ @ @ @ by altered brain serotonin metabolism in 8-month-old female C57BL/6J mice .
In a first experiment @ @ @ @ @ 45 % high-fat diet ( HFD ) containing different amounts of vitamin D at low @ @ @ @ @ normal ( 1,000 IU/kg ) or high ( 10,000 IU/kg ) intake .
After 10 @ @ @ @ @ had greater energy intake , weight gain , total and hepatic fat than the higher @ @ @ @ @

Low circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) is commonly found in obese individuals and is often attributed to a volume dilution effect of adipose tissue. However, low vitamin D (LD) intake may contribute to the obesity itself. In this study, we examine whether low vitamin D status contributes to increased food intake and weight gain and can be explained by altered brain serotonin metabolism in 8-month-old female C57BL/6J mice. In a first experiment, mice were fed a 45% high-fat diet (HFD) containing different amounts of vitamin D at low (100 IU/kg), normal (1,000 IU/kg) or high (10,000 IU/kg) intake. After 10 weeks, mice fed LD had greater energy intake, weight gain, total and hepatic fat than the higher vitamin D groups (P<.05). In a second experiment, mice were examined for the central serotonin regulation of food intake after a 10% normal-fat diet (NFD) or 45% HFD containing low (100 IU/kg) or normal (1000 IU/kg) vitamin D. After 10 weeks, both HFD and LD diets attenuated circulating 25OHD concentration. Additionally, LD intake lowered cortical serotonin level, regardless of dietary fat intake (P<.05). In the arcuate and raphe nuclei, gene expression of vitamin D 1α-hydroxylase was lower due to LD during HFD feeding (P<.05). Tryptophan hydroxylase-2 and serotonin reuptake transporter gene expression was not altered due to LD. Overall, these findings suggest that a LD diet alters peripheral 25OHD, reduces central serotonin, and may contribute to weight gain in an obesogenic environment.


greenmedinfo--2020-09-18--Higher vitamin D intake is associated with decreased risk of dementia in a multiethnic cohort.

INTRODUCTION : Low vitamin D intake and low vitamin D circulating levels have been associated with increased risk for dementia .
We aimed to examine the association between vitamin D intake and dementia in a multiethnic cohort .
METHODS : A longitudinal study of 1759 non-demented older ( ≥65 years ) participants of the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project with follow-up visits and completed a food frequency questionnaire .
Dementia was diagnosed by consensus using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , Fourth Edition ( DSM-IV ) criteria .
Cox hazard regression was performed .
RESULTS : During a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ participants developed dementia .
Participants with the highest tertile of vitamin D intake from food sources had decreased risk ( hazard ratio [ HR ] 0.72 , 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] 0.54-0.97 , P = .030 ) for dementia compared with those with the lowest tertile , adjusting for age , sex , race/ethnicity , education , apolipoprotein E ( APOE ) -ε4 , physical activity , Mediterranean diet ( MeDI ) score , income , depression , hypertension , diabetes , cardiovascular disease , and smoking .
DISCUSSION : @ @ @ @ @ @ @ decreased risk of dementia in a multiethnic cohort .

INTRODUCTION: Low vitamin D intake and low vitamin D circulating levels have been associated with increased risk for dementia. We aimed to examine the association between vitamin D intake and dementia in a multiethnic cohort.
METHODS: A longitudinal study of 1759 non-demented older (≥65 years) participants of the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project with follow-up visits and completed a food frequency questionnaire. Dementia was diagnosed by consensus using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria. Cox hazard regression was performed.
RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 5.8 years, 329 participants developed dementia. Participants with the highest tertile of vitamin D intake from food sources had decreased risk (hazard ratio [HR] 0.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.54-0.97, P = .030) for dementia compared with those with the lowest tertile, adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, apolipoprotein E (APOE)-ε4, physical activity, Mediterranean diet (MeDI) score, income, depression, hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and smoking.
DISCUSSION: Higher vitamin D intake is associated with decreased risk of dementia in a multiethnic cohort.


greenmedinfo--2020-09-18--This study demonstrates an association between low levels of serum 25[OH]D and increased orthopaedic

Background : An estimated one in two healthy adults in the United Kingdom suffer from low levels of 25 [ OH ] D. Vitamin D is involved in modulating immune response , but there is less clarity over its role in orthopaedic infection .
This study assesses the relationship between serum 25 [ OH ] D concentration and orthopaedic infection .
Methods : A total of 205 patients in a tertiary referral centre for orthopaedic infection were included in the study .
They were divided into groups based on their infection status , matched by age and gender .
Data @ @ @ @ @ @ @ direction of relationship .
Results : A total of 114 patients had an infection .
There was no statistically significant difference in age or gender between the two groups .
Mean serum 25 [ OH ] D concentration was 39 nmol/L in the group with infection and 59 nmol/L in the group without an infection ( p < 0.01 ) .
Overall mean serum 25 [ OH ] D concentration was 48 nmol/L .
There was a correlation between low serum 25 [ OH ] D concentration and rate of infection ( odds @ @ @ @ @ @ @ interval [ CI ] , 3.24 to 10.92 ) with a bivariate correlation of -0.338 ( p < 0.01 ) .
Conclusion : This study demonstrates an association between low levels of serum 25 [ OH ] D and increased orthopaedic infection .
Orthopaedic inpatients suffered from vitamin D insufficiency , and there was a correlation between higher levels of serum 25 [ OH ] D and lower rates of infection .
This suggests that prophylactic supplementation of 25 [ OH ] D may improve outcomes , and provides a foundation for randomized @ @ @ @ @ @ @ practice .

Background: An estimated one in two healthy adults in the United Kingdom suffer from low levels of 25[OH]D. Vitamin D is involved in modulating immune response, but there is less clarity over its role in orthopaedic infection. This study assesses the relationship between serum 25[OH]D concentration and orthopaedic infection.
Methods: A total of 205 patients in a tertiary referral centre for orthopaedic infection were included in the study. They were divided into groups based on their infection status, matched by age and gender. Data were statistically analysed to determine presence and direction of relationship.
Results: A total of 114 patients had an infection. There was no statistically significant difference in age or gender between the two groups. Mean serum 25[OH]D concentration was 39 nmol/L in the group with infection and 59 nmol/L in the group without an infection (p<0.01). Overall mean serum 25[OH]D concentration was 48 nmol/L. There was a correlation between low serum 25[OH]D concentration and rate of infection (odds ratio, 5.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.24 to 10.92) with a bivariate correlation of -0.338 (p<0.01).
Conclusion: This study demonstrates an association between low levels of serum 25[OH]D and increased orthopaedic infection. Orthopaedic inpatients suffered from vitamin D insufficiency, and there was a correlation between higher levels of serum 25[OH]D and lower rates of infection. This suggests that prophylactic supplementation of 25[OH]D may improve outcomes, and provides a foundation for randomized controlled trials to assess its effectiveness in practice.


greenmedinfo--2020-09-18--Vitamin D inhibits the proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma ( OSCC ) is the most common type of oral cancer worldwide .
Recent studies have suggested that vitamin D ( VitD ) is associated with a reduced risk of many chronic illnesses , including cancer .
However , the role of vitamin D in OSCC has rarely been reported.The effect of vitamin D and control treatment were examined by cell clone formation assay .
Using RNA-seq , we globally identified VitD-regulated long noncoding RNAs ( lncRNAs ) .
The expression of LUCAT1 in OSCC tissues and cell lines was examined by qRT-PCR .
The correlation @ @ @ @ @ @ @ was analyzed .
The biological roles of LUCAT1 in OSCC cell proliferation was determined by CCK8 and cell colony formation .
The role of LUCAT1 in OSCC growth was further confirmed by mouse xenograft tumor model .
Combined with the literature , the mechanism of action of LUICAT1 was verified by western blot.In this study , we observed that VitD inhibited tumour cell growth in OSCC .
We found that lncRNA LUCAT1 was downregulated by VitD and served as an important mediator of VitD in inhibiting OSCC cell proliferation .
Moreover , we @ @ @ @ @ @ @ significantly upregulated in OSCC tissues compared to non-tumour tissues .
We further demonstrated that LUCAT1 promoted the proliferation of oral cancer cells by enhancing the activation of the mitogen protein kinase ( MAPK ) signalling pathway.In summary , our results show that VitD inhibited the growth of OSCC cells through the LUCAT1-MAPK signalling pathway .
Our study suggested that VitD could suppress the progression of oral cancer , and LUCAT1 may be a potential tumour marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of OSCC .

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of oral cancer worldwide. Recent studies have suggested that vitamin D (VitD) is associated with a reduced risk of many chronic illnesses, including cancer. However, the role of vitamin D in OSCC has rarely been reported.The effect of vitamin D and control treatment were examined by cell clone formation assay. Using RNA-seq, we globally identified VitD-regulated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). The expression of LUCAT1 in OSCC tissues and cell lines was examined by qRT-PCR. The correlation between LUCAT1 expression level and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed. The biological roles of LUCAT1 in OSCC cell proliferation was determined by CCK8 and cell colony formation. The role of LUCAT1 in OSCC growth was further confirmed by mouse xenograft tumor model. Combined with the literature, the mechanism of action of LUICAT1 was verified by western blot.In this study, we observed that VitD inhibited tumour cell growth in OSCC. We found that lncRNA LUCAT1 was downregulated by VitD and served as an important mediator of VitD in inhibiting OSCC cell proliferation. Moreover, we observed that the expression of LUCAT1 was significantly upregulated in OSCC tissues compared to non-tumour tissues. We further demonstrated that LUCAT1 promoted the proliferation of oral cancer cells by enhancing the activation of the mitogen protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway.In summary, our results show that VitD inhibited the growth of OSCC cells through the LUCAT1-MAPK signalling pathway. Our study suggested that VitD could suppress the progression of oral cancer, and LUCAT1 may be a potential tumour marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of OSCC.


greenmedinfo--2020-09-18--Vitamin D deficiency is common in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus.

BACKGROUND : Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus ( JSLE ) is usually associated with vitamin D deficiency and low bone mineral @ @ @ @ @ evaluate serum levels of 25-OH vitamin D in JSLE patients and to correlate these findings @ @ @ @ @ density .
METHODS : This study was conducted on 100 patients with JSLE and 100 @ @ @ @ @ Disease duration and SLEDAI for disease activity were evaluated .
CBC , anti-dsDNA , C3 @ @ @ @ @ creatinine , estimated glomerular filtration rate ( e-GFR ) , Ca , P , PTH @ @ @ @ @ D levels , and bone mineral density ( BMD ) Z score were measured .
@ @ @ @ @ differences in mean 25 ( OH ) D concentration between patients group ( 19.37 ± @ @ @ @ @ 35.90 ± 9.66 ng/ml ( p 0.05 ) .
CONCLUSION : Vitamin D deficiency is @ @ @ @ @ 's correlated significantly with disease activity and bone mineral density .

BACKGROUND: Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) is usually associated with vitamin D deficiency and low bone mineral density.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate serum levels of 25-OH vitamin D in JSLE patients and to correlate these findings with disease activity and bone density.
METHODS: This study was conducted on 100 patients with JSLE and 100 healthy children as controls. Disease duration and SLEDAI for disease activity were evaluated. CBC, anti-dsDNA, C3,C4,24hr urinary proteins, creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate(e-GFR),Ca,P,PTH, 25 (OH) D levels, and bone mineral density(BMD)Z score were measured.
RESULTS: There were significant differences in mean 25(OH)D concentration between patients group (19.37 ± 9.72 ng/ml) and controls 35.90 ± 9.66 ng/ml(p < 0.05), with significant difference between active and inactive patients (p < 0.05).There were significant negative correlations between serum 25(OH)D and SLEDAI (r-0.545, p 0.001), steroid dose (r-0.561, p 0.001), anti-dsDNA (r-0.685, p 0.006), 24 hr-proteinuria (r-0.738, p 0.001) and PTH (r-0.335, p 0.001), significant positive correlations between 25(OH)D and C3 (r0.617, p 0.001),C4 (r0.544, p 0.001) serum Ca (r0.424, p 0.001) and Z score (r0.561, p 0.001),with non-significant correlations between 25(OH)D and serum P and both disease&steroid duration, (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Vitamin D deficiency is common in JSLE, it's correlated significantly with disease activity and bone mineral density.


greenmedinfo--2020-09-18--This study demonstrates an association between Vitamin D deficiency and the severity/mortality of CO

This study demonstrates an association between Vitamin D deficiency and the severity/mortality of COVID-19.

Infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 ( SARS-CoV-2 ) poses an enormous challenge to health care systems throughout the world .
Without causal treatment , identification of modifiable prognostic factors may help to improve outcomes .
To explore possible associations of vitamin D ( VitD ) status with disease severity and survival , we studied 185 patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 ( COVID-19 ) and treated at our center .
VitD status at first presentation was assessed retrospectively using accredited laboratory methods .
VitD deficiency was defined as serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D level < 12 ng/mL ( @ @ @ @ @ @ @ was severe course of disease ( i.e.
, need for invasive mechanical ventilation and/or death , IMV/D ) .
Within a median observation period of 66 days ( range 2-92 ) , 23 patients required IMV .
A total of 28 patients had IMV/D , including 16 deaths .
Ninety-three ( 50 % ) patients required hospitalization ( inpatient subgroup ) .
A total of 41 ( 22 % ) patients were VitD deficient .
When adjusted for age , gender , and comorbidities , VitD deficiency was associated with higher risk of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 95 % CI 2.79-13.42 , < 0.001 and HR 14.73 , 95 % CI 4.16-52.19 , < 0.001 , respectively ) .
Similar correlations were observed in the inpatient subgroup .
Our study demonstrates an association between VitD deficiency and severity/mortality of COVID-19 , highlighting the need for interventional studies on VitD supplementation in SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals .

Infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) poses an enormous challenge to health care systems throughout the world. Without causal treatment, identification of modifiable prognostic factors may help to improve outcomes. To explore possible associations of vitamin D (VitD) status with disease severity and survival, we studied 185 patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and treated at our center. VitD status at first presentation was assessed retrospectively using accredited laboratory methods. VitD deficiency was defined as serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D level<12 ng/mL (<30 nM). Primary endpoint was severe course of disease (i.e., need for invasive mechanical ventilation and/or death, IMV/D). Within a median observation period of 66 days (range 2-92), 23 patients required IMV. A total of 28 patients had IMV/D, including 16 deaths. Ninety-three (50%) patients required hospitalization (inpatient subgroup). A total of 41 (22%) patients were VitD deficient. When adjusted for age, gender, and comorbidities, VitD deficiency was associated with higher risk of IMV/D and death (HR 6.12, 95% CI 2.79-13.42,<0.001 and HR 14.73, 95% CI 4.16-52.19,<0.001, respectively). Similar correlations were observed in the inpatient subgroup. Our study demonstrates an association between VitD deficiency and severity/mortality of COVID-19, highlighting the need for interventional studies on VitD supplementation in SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals.


greenmedinfo--2020-09-18--Meta-analysis demonstrates a clinically meaningful benefit of vitamin D supplementation on colorecta

Meta-analysis demonstrates a clinically meaningful benefit of vitamin D supplementation on colorectal cancer survival outcomes.

BACKGROUND : Low circulating vitamin D levels are associated with poor colorectal cancer ( CRC ) survival .
We assess whether vitamin D supplementation improves CRC survival outcomes .
METHODS : PubMed and Web of Science were searched .
Randomised controlled trial ( RCTs ) of vitamin D supplementation reporting CRC mortality were included .
RCTs with high risk of bias were excluded from analysis .
Random-effects meta-analysis models calculated estimates of survival benefit with supplementation .
The review is registered on PROSPERO , registration number : CRD42020173397 .
RESULTS : Seven RCTs ( n = 957 CRC cases ) @ @ @ @ @ @ @ with CRC at outset , and four population trials reported survival in incident cases .
Two RCTs were excluded from meta-analysis ( high risk of bias ; no hazard ratio ( HR ) ) .
While trials varied in inclusion criteria , intervention doseand outcomes , meta-analysis found a 30 % reduction in adverse CRC outcomes with supplementation ( n = 815 , HR = 0.70 ; 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) : 0.48-0.93 ) .
A beneficial effect was seen in trials of CRC patients ( progression-free survival , HR @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 0.36-0.94 ) , with suggestiveeffect in incident CRC cases from population trials ( CRC-specific survival , HR = 0.76 ; 95 % CI : 0.39-1.13 ) .
No heterogeneity or publication bias was noted .
CONCLUSIONS : Meta-analysis demonstrates a clinically meaningful benefit of vitamin D supplementation on CRC survival outcomes .
Further well-designed , adequately powered RCTs are needed to fully evaluate benefit of supplementation in augmenting 'real-life ' follow-up and adjuvant chemotherapy regimens , as well as determining optimal dosing .

BACKGROUND: Low circulating vitamin D levels are associated with poor colorectal cancer (CRC) survival. We assess whether vitamin D supplementation improves CRC survival outcomes.
METHODS: PubMed and Web of Science were searched. Randomised controlled trial (RCTs) of vitamin D supplementation reporting CRC mortality were included. RCTs with high risk of bias were excluded from analysis. Random-effects meta-analysis models calculated estimates of survival benefit with supplementation. The review is registered on PROSPERO, registration number: CRD42020173397.
RESULTS: Seven RCTs (n = 957 CRC cases) were identified: three trials included patients with CRC at outset, and four population trials reported survival in incident cases. Two RCTs were excluded from meta-analysis (high risk of bias; no hazard ratio (HR)). While trials varied in inclusion criteria, intervention doseand outcomes, meta-analysis found a 30% reduction in adverse CRC outcomes with supplementation (n = 815, HR = 0.70; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.48-0.93). A beneficial effect was seen in trials of CRC patients (progression-free survival, HR = 0.65; 95% CI: 0.36-0.94), with suggestiveeffect in incident CRC cases from population trials (CRC-specific survival, HR = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.39-1.13). No heterogeneity or publication bias was noted.
CONCLUSIONS: Meta-analysis demonstrates a clinically meaningful benefit of vitamin D supplementation on CRC survival outcomes. Further well-designed, adequately powered RCTs are needed to fully evaluate benefit of supplementation in augmenting 'real-life' follow-up and adjuvant chemotherapy regimens, as well as determining optimal dosing.


greenmedinfo--2020-09-18--Vitamin D and autoimmune thyroid disease-cause, consequence, or a vicious cycle?

Vitamin D is a steroid hormone traditionally connected to phosphocalcium metabolism .
The discovery of pleiotropic expression of its receptor and of the enzymes involved in its metabolism has led to the exploration of the other roles of this vitamin .
The influence of vitamin D on autoimmune disease-namely , on autoimmune thyroid disease-has been widely studied .
Most of the existing data support a relationship between vitamin D deficiency and a greater tendency for development and/or higher titers of antibodies linked to Hashimoto 's thyroiditis , Graves ' disease , and/or postpartum thyroiditis .
However , there have also @ @ @ @ @ @ @ thus making it difficult to establish a unanimous conclusion .
Even if the existence of an association between vitamin D and autoimmune thyroid disease is assumed , it is still unclear whether it reflects a pathological mechanism , a causal relationship , or a consequence of the autoimmune process .
The relationship between vitamin D 's polymorphisms and this group of diseases has also been the subject of study , often with divergent results .
This text presents a review of the recent literature on the relationship between vitamin D and autoimmune thyroid @ @ @ @ @ @ @ likely involved mechanisms .
Our thesis is that , due to its immunoregulatory role , vitamin D plays a minor role in conjunction with myriad other factors .
In some cases , a vicious cycle is generated , thus contributing to the deficiency and aggravating the autoimmune process .

Vitamin D is a steroid hormone traditionally connected to phosphocalcium metabolism. The discovery of pleiotropic expression of its receptor and of the enzymes involved in its metabolism has led to the exploration of the other roles of this vitamin. The influence of vitamin D on autoimmune disease-namely, on autoimmune thyroid disease-has been widely studied. Most of the existing data support a relationship between vitamin D deficiency and a greater tendency for development and/or higher titers of antibodies linked to Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves' disease, and/or postpartum thyroiditis. However, there have also been some reports contradicting such relationships, thus making it difficult to establish a unanimous conclusion. Even if the existence of an association between vitamin D and autoimmune thyroid disease is assumed, it is still unclear whether it reflects a pathological mechanism, a causal relationship, or a consequence of the autoimmune process. The relationship between vitamin D's polymorphisms and this group of diseases has also been the subject of study, often with divergent results. This text presents a review of the recent literature on the relationship between vitamin D and autoimmune thyroid disease, providing an analysis of the likely involved mechanisms. Our thesis is that, due to its immunoregulatory role, vitamin D plays a minor role in conjunction with myriad other factors. In some cases, a vicious cycle is generated, thus contributing to the deficiency and aggravating the autoimmune process.


greenmedinfo--2020-09-18--Vitamin D deficiency was associated with decreased lung function in middle aged Korean men without o

Vitamin D deficiency was associated with decreased lung function in middle aged Korean men without overt medical conditions.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES : There has been inconsistent relationships between serum vitamin D levels and lung function in previous studies .
However , previous studies included patients with medical diseases , affecting both vitamin D levels and lung function .
Considering this view of potential confounders , we investigated if vitamin D deficiency ( VDD ) is linked to lung function in health screening examinee without overt medical conditions .
SUBJECTS/METHODS : We conducted a cohort study on 68,457 healthy Koreans ( 36,759 males , mean age : 37.7 years ) with a health examination in 2015 .
Measured forced expiratory volume @ @ @ @ @ @ @ forced vital capacity ( FVC ) were categorized in quartiles .
To examine the relationships between VDD and lung function , adjusted odds ratios ( aORs ) for VDD were estimated by logistic regression .
RESULTS : Median vitamin D level was 14.9 ng/mL .
The prevalence of VDD ( defined as < 20 ng/ml ) was 74.5 % .
Compared with the highest quartile ( Q4 , reference ) , the aORs for VDD across decreasing quartiles ( from Q3 to Q1 ) were 1.05 , 1.06 , 1.10 for FVC , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ FEV1 ( P for trend CONCLUSIONS : VDD was associated with decreased lung function in middle aged Korean men without overt medical conditions .
VDD could be a modifiable risk factor for impaired lung function , in men but not in women .

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: There has been inconsistent relationships between serum vitamin D levels and lung function in previous studies. However, previous studies included patients with medical diseases, affecting both vitamin D levels and lung function. Considering this view of potential confounders, we investigated if vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is linked to lung function in health screening examinee without overt medical conditions.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: We conducted a cohort study on 68,457 healthy Koreans (36,759 males, mean age: 37.7 years) with a health examination in 2015. Measured forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were categorized in quartiles. To examine the relationships between VDD and lung function, adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for VDD were estimated by logistic regression.
RESULTS: Median vitamin D level was 14.9 ng/mL. The prevalence of VDD (defined as<20 ng/ml) was 74.5%. Compared with the highest quartile (Q4, reference), the aORs for VDD across decreasing quartiles (from Q3 to Q1) were 1.05, 1.06, 1.10 for FVC, and 1.07, 1.10, 1.10 for FEV1 (P for trend< 0.01 for both), in all subjects. Similarly, the aOR of having VDD for men also increased with decreasing quartiles of FVC and FEV1 in a dose-response manner (p for trend< 0.01 for both). However, neither FVC nor FEV1 was associated with VDD in women.
CONCLUSIONS: VDD was associated with decreased lung function in middle aged Korean men without overt medical conditions. VDD could be a modifiable risk factor for impaired lung function, in men but not in women.


greenmedinfo--2020-09-18--Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency with risk of incidence of disability in basic ac

Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency with risk of incidence of disability in basic activities of daily living in adults.

BACKGROUND : Vitamin D deficiency compromises muscle function and is related to the etiology of several clinical conditions that can contribute to the development of disability .
However , there are few epidemiological studies investigating the association between vitamin D deficiency and the incidence of disability .
OBJECTIVES : We aimed to assess whether vitamin D deficiency is associated with the incidence of disability in basic activities of daily living ( BADL ) and to verify whether there are sex differences in this association .
METHODS : A 4-y follow-up study was conducted involving individuals aged 50 y or older @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Study of Ageing ) .
The sample consisted of 4814 participants free of disability at baseline according to the modified Katz Index .
Vitamin D was assessed by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [ 25 ( OH ) D ] concentrations and the participants were classified as sufficient ( > 50 nmol/L ) , insufficient ( > 30 to≤50 nmol/L ) , or deficient ( ≤30 nmol/L ) .
Sociodemographic , behavioral , and clinical characteristics were also investigated .
BADL were re-evaluated after 2 and 4 y of follow-up .
The report of any @ @ @ @ @ @ @ as an incident case of disability .
Poisson models stratified by sex and controlled for sociodemographic , behavioral , and clinical characteristics were carried out .
RESULTS : After 4-y follow-up , deficient serum 25 ( OH ) D was a risk factor for the incidence of BADL disability in both women ( IRR : 1.53 ; 95 % CI : 1.16 , 2.03 ) and men ( IRR : 1.44 ; 95 % CI : 1.02 , 2.02 ) .
However , insufficient serum 25 ( OH ) D was not a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ disability in either men or women .
CONCLUSIONS : Independently of sex , deficient serum 25 ( OH ) D concentrations were associated with increased risk of incidence of BADL disability in adults > 50 y old and should be an additional target of clinical strategies to prevent disability in these populations .

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D deficiency compromises muscle function and is related to the etiology of several clinical conditions that can contribute to the development of disability. However, there are few epidemiological studies investigating the association between vitamin D deficiency and the incidence of disability.
OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess whether vitamin D deficiency is associated with the incidence of disability in basic activities of daily living (BADL) and to verify whether there are sex differences in this association.
METHODS: A 4-y follow-up study was conducted involving individuals aged 50 y or older who participated in ELSA (English Longitudinal Study of Ageing). The sample consisted of 4814 participants free of disability at baseline according to the modified Katz Index. Vitamin D was assessed by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations and the participants were classified as sufficient (>50 nmol/L), insufficient (>30 to≤50 nmol/L), or deficient (≤30 nmol/L). Sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics were also investigated. BADL were re-evaluated after 2 and 4 y of follow-up. The report of any difficulty to perform ≥1 BADL was considered as an incident case of disability. Poisson models stratified by sex and controlled for sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics were carried out.
RESULTS: After 4-y follow-up, deficient serum 25(OH)D was a risk factor for the incidence of BADL disability in both women (IRR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.16, 2.03) and men (IRR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.02). However, insufficient serum 25(OH)D was not a risk factor for the incidence of BADL disability in either men or women.
CONCLUSIONS: Independently of sex, deficient serum 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with increased risk of incidence of BADL disability in adults>50 y old and should be an additional target of clinical strategies to prevent disability in these populations.


greenmedinfo--2020-09-18--Association of vitamin D gene polymorphisms in children with asthma.

Introduction : The association of Vitamin D and children with asthma is known and there are several individual studies on Vitamin D polymorphisms .
However , systematic reviews on all vitamin D associated gene polymorphisms have not been done in children with asthma .
Objective : To investigate the association of Vitamin D associated gene polymorphisms and asthma in children ( 0-18 years ) by systematic review and meta-analytic approach .
Methods : Our search included 20 full text articles of which 15 were case control studies and 5 used family based linkage disequilibrium method .
Total of 2491cases and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ studies , with mean age of 9.58 years and 10.16 years respectively .
Quantitative and qualitative analysis were done .
Results : Quantitative analysis revealed significant association with protective effect of Apa1 polymorphism in allele ( OR 0.81 ( 0.71,0.91 ) and homozygous major form ( OR 0.83 ( 0.70,0.98 ) and Taq 1 minor allele in homozygous form ( OR 0.73 ( 0.58,0.92 ) in children with asthma .
However , the minor allele of Apa1 ( OR 1.21 ( 1.07,1.37 ) , Bsm 1 in heterozygous ( OR 1.35 ( 1.07,1.71 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 1.95 ( 1.59,2.39 ) , major allele of Fok1 ( OR1.34 ( 1.17,1.52 ) and Taq1 ( OR 1.22 ( 1.08,1.38 ) were found to be increasing the odds of asthma .
Ethnic variations were noted in subgroup analysis .
Qualitative analysis of the polymorphisms of the Vitamin D associated metabolic genes also showed significant associations .
Conclusion : Our review shows significant associations with VDR polymorphisms - Apa1 , Bsm1 , Fok 1 , Taq 1 , polymorphisms of Vitamin D metabolic genes - CYP27A1 , CYP 2R1 , CYP 24A1 , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ response element ( VDRE ) in children with asthma .
Conducting large studies involving various ethnic regions will strengthen our knowledge on the association and aid in targeted interventions for control of asthma in children .

Introduction: The association of Vitamin D and children with asthma is known and there are several individual studies on Vitamin D polymorphisms. However, systematic reviews on all vitamin D associated gene polymorphisms have not been done in children with asthma.
Objective: To investigate the association of Vitamin D associated gene polymorphisms and asthma in children (0-18 years) by systematic review and meta-analytic approach.
Methods: Our search included 20 full text articles of which 15 were case control studies and 5 used family based linkage disequilibrium method. Total of 2491cases and 3682 controls were included in case control studies, with mean age of 9.58 years and 10.16 years respectively. Quantitative and qualitative analysis were done.
Results: Quantitative analysis revealed significant association with protective effect of Apa1 polymorphism in allele (OR 0.81 (0.71,0.91) and homozygous major form (OR 0.83 (0.70,0.98) and Taq 1 minor allele in homozygous form (OR 0.73 (0.58,0.92) in children with asthma. However, the minor allele of Apa1(OR 1.21 (1.07,1.37), Bsm 1 in heterozygous (OR 1.35 (1.07,1.71) and homozygous minor form (OR 1.95 (1.59,2.39), major allele of Fok1(OR1.34 (1.17,1.52) and Taq1 (OR 1.22 (1.08,1.38) were found to be increasing the odds of asthma. Ethnic variations were noted in subgroup analysis. Qualitative analysis of the polymorphisms of the Vitamin D associated metabolic genes also showed significant associations.
Conclusion: Our review shows significant associations with VDR polymorphisms - Apa1, Bsm1, Fok 1, Taq 1, polymorphisms of Vitamin D metabolic genes - CYP27A1, CYP 2R1, CYP 24A1, GC and genes related to Vitamin D response element (VDRE) in children with asthma. Conducting large studies involving various ethnic regions will strengthen our knowledge on the association and aid in targeted interventions for control of asthma in children.


greenmedinfo--2020-09-18--Obesity, vitamin D deficiency and old age a serious combination with respect to coronavirus disease-

Obesity, vitamin D deficiency and old age a serious combination with respect to coronavirus disease-2019 severity and outcome.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW : Old age , obesity and vitamin D deficiency are considered as independent risk factors for severe courses of COVID-19 .
The aim of the review is to discuss common features of these risk factors and the impact of vitamin D. RECENT FINDINGS : The recently discovered relationship between vitamin D and the infection pathway of the virus via the renin -- angiotensin system ( RAS ) and the adipokines leptin and adiponectin play an important role .
The frequency of studies showing a relationship between a low vitamin D status in comorbidities and severe COVID-19 courses @ @ @ @ @ @ @ likely .
SUMMARY : There is a direct relationship between vitamin D , body fat and age in COVID-19 courses .
With age , the ability of the skin to synthesize vitamin D decreases , and leads to vitamin D-deficits .
If the skin is insufficiently exposed to sunlight , severe deficits can develop .
As vitamin D plays an important role not only in the immune system but also in the RAS , and thus at the point where the virus attacks , a good vitamin D supply is an important basis @ @ @ @ @ @ @ processes .
Treatment with vitamin D supplements should be based on severity of the vitamin D deficiency .

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Old age, obesity and vitamin D deficiency are considered as independent risk factors for severe courses of COVID-19. The aim of the review is to discuss common features of these risk factors and the impact of vitamin D.
RECENT FINDINGS: The recently discovered relationship between vitamin D and the infection pathway of the virus via the renin--angiotensin system (RAS) and the adipokines leptin and adiponectin play an important role. The frequency of studies showing a relationship between a low vitamin D status in comorbidities and severe COVID-19 courses makes an impact of vitamin D effects likely.
SUMMARY: There is a direct relationship between vitamin D, body fat and age in COVID-19 courses. With age, the ability of the skin to synthesize vitamin D decreases, and leads to vitamin D-deficits. If the skin is insufficiently exposed to sunlight, severe deficits can develop. As vitamin D plays an important role not only in the immune system but also in the RAS, and thus at the point where the virus attacks, a good vitamin D supply is an important basis for reducing the risk of severe COVID-19 processes. Treatment with vitamin D supplements should be based on severity of the vitamin D deficiency.


greenmedinfo--2020-09-18--SARS-CoV-2 positivity rates associated with circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels.

Until treatment and vaccine for coronavirus disease-2019 ( COVID-19 ) becomes widely available , other methods of reducing infection rates should be explored .
This study used a retrospective , observational analysis of deidentified tests performed at a national clinical laboratory to determine if circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D ( 25 ( OH ) D ) levels are associated with severe acute respiratory disease coronavirus 2 ( SARS-CoV-2 ) positivity rates .
Over 190,000 patients from all 50 states with SARS-CoV-2 results performed mid-March through mid-June , 2020 and matching 25 ( OH ) D results from the preceding 12 months were @ @ @ @ @ @ @ required to match with US Census data and perform analyses of race/ethnicity proportions and latitude .
A total of 191,779 patients were included ( median age , 54 years [ interquartile range 40.4-64.7 ] ; 68 % female .
The SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate was 9.3 % ( 95 % C.I .
9.2-9.5 % ) and the mean seasonally adjusted 25 ( OH ) D was 31.7 ( SD 11.7 ) .
The SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate was higher in the 39,190 patients with '' deficient '' 25 ( OH ) D values ( < @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 95 % C.I .
12.2-12.8 % ) than in the 27,870 patients with '' adequate '' values ( 30-34 ng/mL ) ( 8.1 % , 95 % C.I .
7.8-8.4 % ) and the 12,321 patients with values≥55 ng/mL ( 5.9 % , 95 % C.I .
5.5-6.4 % ) .
The association between 25 ( OH ) D levels and SARS-CoV-2 positivity was best fitted by the weighted second-order polynomial regression , which indicated strong correlation in the total population ( R2 = 0.96 ) and in analyses stratified by all studied @ @ @ @ @ @ @ SARS-CoV-2 positivity rates and higher circulating 25 ( OH ) D levels remained significant in a multivariable logistic model adjusting for all included demographic factors ( adjusted odds ratio 0.984 per ng/mL increment , 95 % C.I .
0.983-0.986 ; p < 0.001 ) .
SARS-CoV-2 positivity is strongly and inversely associated with circulating 25 ( OH ) D levels , a relationship that persists across latitudes , races/ethnicities , both sexes , and age ranges .
Our findings provide impetus to explore the role of vitamin D supplementation in reducing the risk @ @ @ @ @ @ @

Until treatment and vaccine for coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) becomes widely available, other methods of reducing infection rates should be explored. This study used a retrospective, observational analysis of deidentified tests performed at a national clinical laboratory to determine if circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels are associated with severe acute respiratory disease coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) positivity rates. Over 190,000 patients from all 50 states with SARS-CoV-2 results performed mid-March through mid-June, 2020 and matching 25(OH)D results from the preceding 12 months were included. Residential zip code data was required to match with US Census data and perform analyses of race/ethnicity proportions and latitude. A total of 191,779 patients were included (median age, 54 years [interquartile range 40.4-64.7]; 68% female. The SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate was 9.3% (95% C.I. 9.2-9.5%) and the mean seasonally adjusted 25(OH)D was 31.7 (SD 11.7). The SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate was higher in the 39,190 patients with"deficient"25(OH)D values (<20 ng/mL) (12.5%, 95% C.I. 12.2-12.8%) than in the 27,870 patients with"adequate"values (30-34 ng/mL) (8.1%, 95% C.I. 7.8-8.4%) and the 12,321 patients with values≥55 ng/mL (5.9%, 95% C.I. 5.5-6.4%). The association between 25(OH)D levels and SARS-CoV-2 positivity was best fitted by the weighted second-order polynomial regression, which indicated strong correlation in the total population (R2 = 0.96) and in analyses stratified by all studied demographic factors. The association between lower SARS-CoV-2 positivity rates and higher circulating 25(OH)D levels remained significant in a multivariable logistic model adjusting for all included demographic factors (adjusted odds ratio 0.984 per ng/mL increment, 95% C.I. 0.983-0.986; p<0.001). SARS-CoV-2 positivity is strongly and inversely associated with circulating 25(OH)D levels, a relationship that persists across latitudes, races/ethnicities, both sexes, and age ranges. Our findings provide impetus to explore the role of vitamin D supplementation in reducing the risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease.


greenmedinfo--2020-09-18--Are adequate vitamin D levels helpful in fighting COVID-19? A look at the evidence.

COVID-19 is a global pandemic with high mortality in vulnerable groups .
Given the current lack of definitive treatment or @ @ @ @ @ rate , governments , researchers and healthcare providers are racing to find possible solutions to @ @ @ @ @ and its analogues have been previously studied for their non-skeletal benefits .
In particular , @ @ @ @ @ the modulation of immunity have re-surfaced , in view of possible epidemiological links observed between @ @ @ @ @ in selected populations .
In this review , we highlight potential mechanisms and summarise the @ @ @ @ @ potential role of vitamin D supplementation in our fight against COVID-19 .

COVID-19 is a global pandemic with high mortality in vulnerable groups. Given the current lack of definitive treatment or vaccine that significantly reduces mortality rate, governments, researchers and healthcare providers are racing to find possible solutions to the crisis. Vitamin D and its analogues have been previously studied for their non-skeletal benefits. In particular, questions regarding their role in the modulation of immunity have re-surfaced, in view of possible epidemiological links observed between COVID-19 and vitamin D levels in selected populations. In this review, we highlight potential mechanisms and summarise the evidence for and against the potential role of vitamin D supplementation in our fight against COVID-19.


greenmedinfo--2020-09-19--ZERO Evidence that COVID Fulfills Koch's 4 Germ Theory Postulates - Dr. Andrew Kaufman & Sayer Ji

In this interview , Dr. Kaufman explores a new study published in NATURE which claims to establish COVID-19 related pathogenicity in an animal model , but which does not fulfill Koch 's postulates for germ theory , and may overtly misrepresent the truth .
This , in fact , is not new , as many publications have claimed to isolate COVID-19 or prove its role in causing animal and human deaths , yet none of them are actually capable of demonstrating this conclusively .
Sayer Ji asks hard hitting questions and together they explore the implications of this and other @ @ @ @ @ @ @ theory as a political weapon for mass control and surveillance in violation of basic human , civil , constitutional and medical rights .
Andrew Kaufman MD is a healing consultant , inventor , public speaker , forensic psychiatrist , and expert witness .
He completed psychiatric training at Duke University Medical Center after graduating from the Medical University of South Carolina , while a B.S .
from M.I.T .
in Molecular Biology .
Andrew has conducted and published original research and lectured , supervised , and mentored medical students , residents , and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ qualified as an expert witness in local , state , and federal courts , and held leadership positions in academic medicine and professional organizations .
Dr. Kaufman has gained tremendous popularity in recent months sharing a different perspective on the role of health and disease within the context of current pandemic fears .
Follow him at : https : //www.andrewkaufmanmd.com/ Find many more of Dr. Kaufman 's interviews , and other content related to : `` Questioning Germ Theory , Contagion , and Viral Testing , '' visit Questioning Covid : https : @ @ @ @ @ @ @ on infectious disease related to COVID-19 and exosomes , watch Sayer 's video on COVID-19 : Is It Really About A Virus ?
https : //www.youtube.com/watch ?
v=rp4wXSku8Ik Take action in support of your health freedom at : https : //www.standforhealthfreedom.com

Visit our Re-post guidelines This article is copyrighted by GreenMedInfo LLC, 2021
In this interview, Dr. Kaufman explores a new study published in NATURE which claims to establish COVID-19 related pathogenicity in an animal model, but which does not fulfill Koch's postulates for germ theory, and may overtly misrepresent the truth. This, in fact, is not new, as many publications have claimed to isolate COVID-19 or prove its role in causing animal and human deaths, yet none of them are actually capable of demonstrating this conclusively. Sayer Ji asks hard hitting questions and together they explore the implications of this and other research to the ongoing weaponization of germ theory as a political weapon for mass control and surveillance in violation of basic human, civil, constitutional and medical rights.
Andrew Kaufman MD is a healing consultant, inventor, public speaker, forensic psychiatrist, and expert witness. He completed psychiatric training at Duke University Medical Center after graduating from the Medical University of South Carolina, while a B.S. from M.I.T. in Molecular Biology.
Andrew has conducted and published original research and lectured, supervised, and mentored medical students, residents, and fellows in all psychiatric specialties.He has been qualified as an expert witness in local, state, and federal courts, and held leadership positions in academic medicine and professional organizations.
Dr. Kaufman has gained tremendous popularity in recent months sharing a different perspective on the role of health and disease within the context of current pandemic fears. Follow him at: https://www.andrewkaufmanmd.com/
Dr. Kaufman's you tube channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCV7v2cvSnrJ9Qyz36cW1Ftw/videos? Dr. Kaufman's Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/andrew.kaufman.908/
Find many more of Dr. Kaufman's interviews, and other content related to: "Questioning Germ Theory, Contagion, and Viral Testing," visit Questioning Covid: https://www.questioningcovid.com
or a related and alternative perspective on infectious disease related to COVID-19 and exosomes, watch Sayer's video on COVID-19: Is It Really About A Virus? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rp4wXSku8Ik
Follow Sayer Ji on his Telegram channel: https://t.me/sayeregengmi
Follow Sayer Ji on Instagram: www.instagram.com/sayergmi/
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greenmedinfo--2020-09-19--Coronavirus Disinfectants May Be Hazardous to Humans

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Before beginning any type of @ @ @ @ @ treatment regimen , it is advisable to seek the advice of a licensed healthcare professional @

This website is for information purposes only. By providing the information contained herein we are not diagnosing, treating, curing, mitigating, or preventing any type of disease or medical condition. Before beginning any type of natural, integrative or conventional treatment regimen, it is advisable to seek the advice of a licensed healthcare professional.
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greenmedinfo--2020-09-21--Antioxidative effects of ascorbic acid and astaxanthin on ARPE-19 cells in an oxidative stress model

Antioxidative effects of ascorbic acid and astaxanthin on ARPE-19 cells in an oxidative stress model.

Oxidative stress has been implicated as critical pathogenic factors contributing to the etiology of diabetic retinopathy and other retinal diseases @ @ @ @ @ effect of ascorbic acid and astaxanthin on ARPE-19 cells within an oxidative stress model induced @ @ @ @ @ reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) .
Hydrogen peroxide ( HO ) at concentrations of @ @ @ @ @ ultraviolet B ( UVB ) were treated to ARPE-19 cells .
Cell viability and intracellular @ @ @ @ @ .
With the sublethal and lethal dose of each inducers , 0-750μM of ascorbic acid @ @ @ @ @ were treated to examine antioxidative effect on the model .
Ascorbic acid at concentrations of @ @ @ @ @ the cell viability not only in the UVB model but also in the HOmodel , @ @ @ @ @ astaxanthin only did so in the UVB model .
The combination of ascorbic acid and @ @ @ @ @ compared to each drug alone , suggesting a synergistic effect .

Oxidative stress has been implicated as critical pathogenic factors contributing to the etiology of diabetic retinopathy and other retinal diseases. This study investigated antioxidative effect of ascorbic acid and astaxanthin on ARPE-19 cells within an oxidative stress model induced by common biological sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Hydrogen peroxide (HO) at concentrations of 0.1-0.8 mM and 20-100 mJ/cmof ultraviolet B (UVB) were treated to ARPE-19 cells. Cell viability and intracellular ROS level changes were measured. With the sublethal and lethal dose of each inducers, 0-750μM of ascorbic acid and 0-40 μM of astaxanthin were treated to examine antioxidative effect on the model. Ascorbic acid at concentrations of 500 and 750 μM increased the cell viability not only in the UVB model but also in the HOmodel, but 20 and 40μM of astaxanthin only did so in the UVB model. The combination of ascorbic acid and astaxanthin showed better antioxidative effect compared to each drug alone, suggesting a synergistic effect.


greenmedinfo--2020-09-21--Pycnogenol is well-tolerated and increases the effectiveness of broad-spectrum sunscreen and the tri

BACKGROUND : Melasma can be recalcitrant to treatment , and relapses are common .
Pycnogenol has been reported to be effective in treating melasma .
OBJECTIVE : To compare the efficacy , safety , and tolerability of 75 mg pycnogenol taken orally twice a day versus a placebo , in association with the triple combination and broad-spectrum sunscreen for the treatment of facial melasma .
METHODS : A randomized , double-blind , parallel , placebo-controlled study was conducted on 44 women with facial melasma in a single centre from May 2019 through November 2019 .
Patients with melasma were randomly @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ( PYC ) or a placebo ( PLAC ) twice a day for 60 days .
Both groups also received tinted sunscreen ( SPF 50 ; PPD 17 ) for daytime use and a topical triple combination at bedtime .
The primary outcome was a change from the baseline mMASI score .
Secondary outcomes were improvements in the patients ' quality of life ( MELASQoL ) , colorimetric indices , and Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale ( GAIS ) .
RESULTS : All participants completed the trial .
The mean ( SD ) age @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ) years , and 91 % were phototypes III-IV .
Both groups exhibited a reduction in mMASI scores , MELASQoL scores , and colour contrast ( p < 0.01 ) .
The mean ( CI 95 % ) reductions of the mMASI scores were 49 % ( 36-61 % ) for PYC and 34 % ( 16-47 % ) for PLAC .
The reductions in mMASI scores and colorimetric contrast were superior for the PYC group ( p < 0.05 ) .
The analysis of GAIS resulted in an improvement of 86 % @ @ @ @ @ @ @ for the participants in the PYC group and 55 % ( CI 95 % 32-73 % ) for those in the PLAC group .
There were no adverse effects related to oral treatment .
CONCLUSION : Pycnogenol is well-tolerated and increases the effectiveness of broad-spectrum sunscreen and the triple combination in the treatment of facial melasma in women .

BACKGROUND: Melasma can be recalcitrant to treatment, and relapses are common. Pycnogenol has been reported to be effective in treating melasma.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of 75 mg pycnogenol taken orally twice a day versus a placebo, in association with the triple combination and broad-spectrum sunscreen for the treatment of facial melasma.
METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled study was conducted on 44 women with facial melasma in a single centre from May 2019 through November 2019. Patients with melasma were randomly assigned to orally take 75 mg pycnogenol (PYC) or a placebo (PLAC) twice a day for 60 days. Both groups also received tinted sunscreen (SPF 50; PPD 17) for daytime use and a topical triple combination at bedtime. The primary outcome was a change from the baseline mMASI score. Secondary outcomes were improvements in the patients' quality of life (MELASQoL), colorimetric indices, and Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS).
RESULTS: All participants completed the trial. The mean (SD) age of the participants was 39 (7) years, and 91% were phototypes III-IV. Both groups exhibited a reduction in mMASI scores, MELASQoL scores, and colour contrast (p<0.01). The mean (CI 95%) reductions of the mMASI scores were 49% (36-61%) for PYC and 34% (16-47%) for PLAC. The reductions in mMASI scores and colorimetric contrast were superior for the PYC group (p<0.05). The analysis of GAIS resulted in an improvement of 86% (CI 95% 68-96%) for the participants in the PYC group and 55% (CI 95% 32-73%) for those in the PLAC group. There were no adverse effects related to oral treatment.
CONCLUSION: Pycnogenol is well-tolerated and increases the effectiveness of broad-spectrum sunscreen and the triple combination in the treatment of facial melasma in women.


greenmedinfo--2020-09-22--Five Natural Substances to Combat Facial Wrinkles


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greenmedinfo--2020-09-23--Benefits of Bitter Orange Essential Oil for Anxiety and Sleep


greenmedinfo--2020-09-22--Five Natural Substances to Reduce Facial Wrinkles

Food feeds your skin , and this is clearly demonstrated by how a number of natural ingredients and herbal extracts can help reduce and prevent facial wrinkles .
Here are five time-tested ways to say goodbye to those deep , unnerving wrinkles While it 's impossible to turn back the hands of time , there are natural ways that can help manage the effects of aging along with the wrinkles and age spots that come with it .
Part of combating wrinkles and other age-related spots and imperfections is understanding the story of your skin : it mirrors your body @ @ @ @ @ @ @ reflecting all the toxins and chemicals in food and the environment , chronic stress , activity level and other lifestyle choices you make .
It 's worth knowing that many wrinkles are not permanent and may even be reversible .
They are often a sign that your body needs to be better hydrated .
The jury is still out on what the actual fountain of youth is , but there are natural substances that can effectively slow the appearance of wrinkles and keep your skin looking radiant and youthful for a very long @ @ @ @ @ @ @ feeds your skin ; what you eat can radically affect the appearance of wrinkles .
A study showed that women who consumed more green and yellow vegetables had significantly fewer wrinkles .
[ i ] Skin-friendly fats are also found in grass-fed meat and dairy , wild-caught salmon , coconut oil and olive oil , to name a few .
Even daily consumption of almonds , a healthy snack , may reduce the severity and depth of wrinkles in postmenopausal women , highlighting almonds ' potential anti-aging benefits .
[ ii ] Further @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , synthetic beauty products to help zap those wrinkles away .
Research shows that the date palm kernel contains phytochemicals that can potentially rejuvenate skin .
A 2019 study , in exploring the effects of a cream containing its extract on facial wrinkle reduction and other skin parameters in healthy subjects , found that an eight-week regimen improved facial skin hydration , elasticity and melanin concentration .
[ iii ] It also reduced wrinkle size and depth .
The cream was well-tolerated by the participants ' skin , and the effects may be @ @ @ @ @ @ @ offered by the extract .
A combination of green tea and ginkgo biloba extracts was found effective in enhancing skin conditions and making it more elastic .
[ iv ] This was concluded by researchers in a preclinical study on hairless mice as well as a clinical study on 48 human volunteers .
The green tea and ginkgo extracts combined substantially enhanced epidermis thickness and the number of cell layers , suggesting a moisturizing effect in the deeper layers of skin as well as increased cell renewal .
A multi-nutrient mixture made up @ @ @ @ @ @ @ carotenoids , selenium , zinc , amino acids and glycosaminoglycans , blueberry extract and pycnogenol , which is derived from the French maritime pine tree , improved visible signs of aging in women ages 45 to 73 .
[ v ] Skin elasticity was raised by 9 % after six weeks of treatment , while skin roughness was 6 % lower after 12 weeks of treatment .
A study from February 2020 found that an anthocyanins-rich pomegranate cream as a topical formulation can have strong anti-aging activity .
[ vi ] Anthocyanins are @ @ @ @ @ @ @ color .
They can protect skin from oxidant exposure , a major factor in the acceleration of aging and skin degeneration .
Red ginseng is n't known as Panax for nothing , as the word means `` cure for all . ''
It 's a fabulous herbal remedy for practically all body ailments there are .
It has also emerged as an excellent skin whitening and anti-aging product , helping suppress the production of melanin or the pigment that gives color to skin .
[ vii ] In an experiment , it also @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and enhanced the resilience , moisture and tone of skin .
Note that red ginseng is a form of unpeeled and steamed Panax ginseng , also referred to as Asian or Korean ginseng .
It is believed to have `` heating '' action that improves circulation .
Red ginseng is available in liquid extracts , tinctures , capsules and powders .
Visit the GreenMedInfo.com database for at least 157 more abstracts with aging skin research .
Also , learn about the dangers of BOTOX treatments : Botox ’ s Ugly ‘ Side Effects @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Mind & Numb Emotion [ i ] Nagata C et al `` Association of dietary fat , vegetables and antioxidant micronutrients with skin ageing in Japanese women '' Br J Nutr .
2010 May ; 103 ( 10 ) :1493-8 .
Epub 2010 Jan 20 .
[ ii ] Foolad N et al `` Prospective randomized controlled pilot study on the effects of almond consumption on skin lipids and wrinkles '' Phytother Res .
2019 Oct 1 .
Epub 2019 Oct 1 .
[ iii ] Alsohaimi A et al `` Assessment of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Palm Kernel on Facial Skin Wrinkles : Biophysical Measurements and Digital Profilometry '' J Cosmet Sci .
2019 Nov/Dec ; 70 ( 6 ) :277-290 .
[ iv ] Campos P et al `` Synergistic effects of green tea and ginkgo biloba extracts on the improvement of skin barrier function and elasticity '' J Drugs Dermatol .
2014 Sep ; 13 ( 9 ) :1092-7 .
[ v ] Segger D et al `` Supplementation with Evelle improves skin smoothness and elasticity in a double-blind , placebo-controlled study with 62 women '' J @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ( 4 ) :222-6 .
[ vi ] Abdellatif A et al `` Anthocyanins rich pomegranate cream as a topical formulation with anti-aging activity '' J Dermatolog Treat .
2020 Feb 5:1-8 .
Epub 2020 Feb 5 .
[ vii ] Saba E et al `` Korean Red Ginseng extract ameliorates melanogenesis in humans and induces antiphotoaging effects in ultraviolet B-irradiated hairless mice '' J Ginseng Res .
2020 May ; 44 ( 3 ) :496-505 .
Epub 2019 May 15 .

Visit our Re-post guidelines This article is copyrighted by GreenMedInfo LLC, 2020
Food feeds your skin, and this is clearly demonstrated by how a number of natural ingredients and herbal extracts can help reduce and prevent facial wrinkles. Here are five time-tested ways to say goodbye to those deep, unnerving wrinkles
While it's impossible to turn back the hands of time, there are natural ways that can help manage the effects of aging along with the wrinkles and age spots that come with it.
Part of combating wrinkles and other age-related spots and imperfections is understanding the story of your skin: it mirrors your body's health from the inside out, reflecting all the toxins and chemicals in food and the environment, chronic stress, activity level and other lifestyle choices you make.
It's worth knowing that many wrinkles are not permanent and may even be reversible. They are often a sign that your body needs to be better hydrated.
The jury is still out on what the actual fountain of youth is, but there are natural substances that can effectively slow the appearance of wrinkles and keep your skin looking radiant and youthful for a very long time.
Food, for instance, feeds your skin; what you eat can radically affect the appearance of wrinkles. A study showed that women who consumed more green and yellow vegetables had significantly fewer wrinkles.[i] Skin-friendly fats are also found in grass-fed meat and dairy, wild-caught salmon, coconut oil and olive oil, to name a few.
Even daily consumption of almonds, a healthy snack, may reduce the severity and depth of wrinkles in postmenopausal women, highlighting almonds' potential anti-aging benefits.[ii] Further, here are additional alternatives to costly, synthetic beauty products to help zap those wrinkles away.
1. Date Palm Kernel
Research shows that the date palm kernel contains phytochemicals that can potentially rejuvenate skin.
A 2019 study, in exploring the effects of a cream containing its extract on facial wrinkle reduction and other skin parameters in healthy subjects, found that an eight-week regimen improved facial skin hydration, elasticity and melanin concentration.[iii]
It also reduced wrinkle size and depth. The cream was well-tolerated by the participants' skin, and the effects may be attributed to the major phytochemicals and phytosterols offered by the extract.
2. Green Tea and Ginkgo
A combination of green tea and ginkgo biloba extracts was found effective in enhancing skin conditions and making it more elastic.[iv]
This was concluded by researchers in a preclinical study on hairless mice as well as a clinical study on 48 human volunteers. The green tea and ginkgo extracts combined substantially enhanced epidermis thickness and the number of cell layers, suggesting a moisturizing effect in the deeper layers of skin as well as increased cell renewal.
3. Pine Bark and Antioxidants
A multi-nutrient mixture made up of vitamin C, vitamin E, carotenoids, selenium, zinc, amino acids and glycosaminoglycans, blueberry extract and pycnogenol, which is derived from the French maritime pine tree, improved visible signs of aging in women ages 45 to 73.[v] Skin elasticity was raised by 9% after six weeks of treatment, while skin roughness was 6% lower after 12 weeks of treatment.
4. Pomegranate Cream
A study from February 2020 found that an anthocyanins-rich pomegranate cream as a topical formulation can have strong anti-aging activity.[vi] Anthocyanins are antioxidant compounds that offer pomegranate arils their color. They can protect skin from oxidant exposure, a major factor in the acceleration of aging and skin degeneration.
5. Red Ginseng
Red ginseng isn't known as Panax for nothing, as the word means "cure for all." It's a fabulous herbal remedy for practically all body ailments there are.
It has also emerged as an excellent skin whitening and anti-aging product, helping suppress the production of melanin or the pigment that gives color to skin.[vii] In an experiment, it also reduced wrinkle formation, inhibited collagen degradation and enhanced the resilience, moisture and tone of skin.
Note that red ginseng is a form of unpeeled and steamed Panax ginseng, also referred to as Asian or Korean ginseng. It is believed to have "heating" action that improves circulation. Red ginseng is available in liquid extracts, tinctures, capsules and powders.
Visit the GreenMedInfo.com database for at least 157 more abstracts with aging skin research.
Also, learn about the dangers of BOTOX treatments: Botox’s Ugly ‘Side Effects’ Run Deeper Than Skin, Alter Mind & Numb Emotion