greenmedinfo--2020-11-04--Curcumin (a constituent of turmeric): New treatment option against COVID-19.

In late December 2019 , the outbreak of respiratory illness emerged in Wuhan , China , and spreads worldwide .
World Health Organization ( WHO ) named this disease severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ( SARS-CoV-2 ) caused by a new member of beta coronaviruses .
Several medications are prescribed to patients , and some clinical trials are underway .
Scientists are trying to find a specific drug against this virus .
In this review , we summarize the pathogenesis , clinical features , and current treatments of coronavirus disease 2019 ( COVID-19 ) .
Then , we describe @ @ @ @ @ @ @ its molecular mechanism against coronavirus-19 .
Curcumin , as an active constituent of ( turmeric ) , has been studied in several experimental and clinical trial studies .
Curcumin has some useful clinical effects such as antiviral , antinociceptive , anti-inflammatory , antipyretic , and antifatigue effects that could be effective to manage the symptoms of the infected patient with COVID-19 .
It has several molecular mechanisms including antioxidant , antiapoptotic , and antifibrotic properties with inhibitory effects on Toll-like receptors , NF-κB , inflammatory cytokines and chemokines , and bradykinin .
Scientific @ @ @ @ @ @ @ potential role to treat COVID-19 .
Thus , the use of curcumin in the clinical trial , as a new treatment option , should be considered .

In late December 2019, the outbreak of respiratory illness emerged in Wuhan, China, and spreads worldwide. World Health Organization (WHO) named this disease severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused by a new member of beta coronaviruses. Several medications are prescribed to patients, and some clinical trials are underway. Scientists are trying to find a specific drug against this virus. In this review, we summarize the pathogenesis, clinical features, and current treatments of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Then, we describe the possible therapeutic effects of curcumin and its molecular mechanism against coronavirus-19. Curcumin, as an active constituent of(turmeric), has been studied in several experimental and clinical trial studies. Curcumin has some useful clinical effects such as antiviral, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and antifatigue effects that could be effective to manage the symptoms of the infected patient with COVID-19. It has several molecular mechanisms including antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and antifibrotic properties with inhibitory effects on Toll-like receptors, NF-κB, inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and bradykinin. Scientific evidence suggests that curcumin could have a potential role to treat COVID-19. Thus, the use of curcumin in the clinical trial, as a new treatment option, should be considered.


greenmedinfo--2020-11-03--Potential therapeutic effect of turmeric contents against SARS-CoV-2 compared with experimental COVI

Potential therapeutic effect of turmeric contents against SARS-CoV-2 compared with experimental COVID-19 therapies.

Inspired by the 'There is no scientific evidence that turmeric prevents COVID-19 ' statement made by WHO , the protective or therapeutic potential of the compounds in turmeric contents was investigated against COVID-19 with in silico methodology .
The drugs used for experimental COVID-19 therapies were included in this study using the same method for comparison with turmeric components .
The 30 turmeric compounds and nine drugs were performed in the docking procedure for vital proteins of COVID-19 .
With evaluations based on docking scores , the Prime MMGBSA binding free energy and protein-ligand interactions were identified in detail .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ performed to assess the stability of the ligands at the binding site of the target proteins .
The Root Mean Square Deviation ( RMSD ) is used to obtain the average displacement for a particular frame concerning a reference frame .
The results of this study are suggesting that turmeric spice have a potential to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 vital proteins and can be use a therapeutic or protective agent against SARS-CoV-2 via inhibiting key protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus .
The compound 4 , 23 and 6 are the most prominent inhibitor for @ @ @ @ @ @ @ RNA polymerase of virus , respectively .
The MD simulation validated the stability of ligand-protein interactions .
The compactness of the complexes was shown using a radius of gyration .
ADME properties of featured compounds are in range of 95 % drug molecules .
It is hoped that the outputs of thisstudy will contribute to the struggle of humanity with COVID-19 .
Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma .

Inspired by the 'There is no scientific evidence that turmeric prevents COVID-19' statement made by WHO, the protective or therapeutic potential of the compounds in turmeric contents was investigated against COVID-19 with in silico methodology. The drugs used for experimental COVID-19 therapies were included in this study using the same method for comparison with turmeric components. The 30 turmeric compounds and nine drugs were performed in the docking procedure for vital proteins of COVID-19. With evaluations based on docking scores, the Prime MMGBSA binding free energy and protein-ligand interactions were identified in detail. The 100 ns MD simulations were also performed to assess the stability of the ligands at the binding site of the target proteins. The Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) is used to obtain the average displacement for a particular frame concerning a reference frame. The results of this study are suggesting that turmeric spice have a potential to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 vital proteins and can be use a therapeutic or protective agent against SARS-CoV-2 via inhibiting key protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The compound 4, 23 and 6 are the most prominent inhibitor for the main protease, the spike glycoproteinand RNA polymerase of virus, respectively. The MD simulation validated the stability of ligand-protein interactions. The compactness of the complexes was shown using a radius of gyration. ADME properties of featured compounds are in range of 95% drug molecules. It is hoped that the outputs of thisstudy will contribute to the struggle of humanity with COVID-19. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.


greenmedinfo--2020-11-03--Anticancer effect in human glioblastoma and antioxidant activity of Petroselinum crispum.

Parsley ( L. ) has been used as food , spices and in folkloric medicine .
Several scientific researches have been focalized on anti-inflammatory , anti-proliferative , antioxidant and other pharmacological activities of parsley .
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the phytochemical composition , antioxidant and anticancer activity ofaqueous and methanol extracts against Human glioblastoma cells U87MG .
Adhesion assay was realized on different protein matrices ( fibrinogen , fibronectin and poly-L-lysine ) and the anti-proliferative effect was performed .
Compared to aqueous extract , the methanol extract presented an important level of phenol contents .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ with quinic acid as the most abounded followed by gallic acid , acacetin , protocatechuic acid and Cirsilineol with 120753.07 ± 27450 ; 190 ± 25 ; 53.83 ± 10 ; 13.7 ± 2.5 and 2 ± 0.3 µg/mL respectively .
The DPPH , ABTS+ , OH radical , Iron ( II ) chelation and FRAP assays exhibited that methanol extract show a modulate antioxidant activity .
The methanol extract shows the highest ability to inhibit celladhesion to different protein matrices .
In addition , it was found as a potential anti-proliferative .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ thatmethanol extract presents anti-adhesion and anti-proliferative proprieties .

Parsley (L.) has been used as food, spices and in folkloric medicine. Several scientific researches have been focalized on anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, antioxidant and other pharmacological activities of parsley. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the phytochemical composition, antioxidant and anticancer activity ofaqueous and methanol extracts against Human glioblastoma cells U87MG. Adhesion assay was realized on different protein matrices (fibrinogen, fibronectin and poly-L-lysine) and the anti-proliferative effect was performed. Compared to aqueous extract, the methanol extract presented an important level of phenol contents. Five phenolic compounds were found using HPLC-DAD with quinic acid as the most abounded followed by gallic acid, acacetin, protocatechuic acid and Cirsilineol with 120753.07 ± 27450; 190 ± 25; 53.83 ± 10; 13.7 ± 2.5 and 2 ± 0.3 µg/mL respectively. The DPPH, ABTS+, OH radical, Iron (II) chelation and FRAP assays exhibited that methanol extract show a modulate antioxidant activity. The methanol extract shows the highest ability to inhibit celladhesion to different protein matrices. In addition, it was found as a potential anti-proliferative. These results suggest for the first time thatmethanol extract presents anti-adhesion and anti-proliferative proprieties.


greenmedinfo--2020-11-03--Emodin protects against intestinal and lung injury induced by acute intestinal injury.

OBJECTIVE : Our aim was to investigate the effect of emodin on intestinal and lung injury induced by acute intestinal injury in rats and explore potential molecular mechanisms .
METHODS : Healthy male Sprague-Dawley ( SD ) rats were randomly divided into five groups ( n=10 , each group ) : normal group ; saline group ; acute intestinal injury model group ; model + emodin group ; model+NF-κB inhibitor pynolidine dithiocarbamate ( PDTC ) group .
Histopathological changes in intestine/lung tissues were observed by Hematoxylin and Eosin ( H & E ) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase biotin-dUTP nick-end labeling @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , p-IKBα , surfactant protein-A ( SP-A ) and toll-like receptor 4 ( TLR4 ) levels were examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) .
RT-qPCR was performed to detect the mRNA expression levels of IKBα , SP-A and TLR4 in intestine/lung tissues .
Furthermore , the protein expression levels of IKBα , p-IKBα , SP-A and TLR4 were detected by Western blot .
RESULTS : The pathological injury of intestinal/lung tissues was remarkedly ameliorated in models treated with emodin and PDTC .
Furthermore , the intestinal/lung injury scores were significantly decreased @ @ @ @ @ @ @ results showed that both emodin and PDTC treatment distinctly attenuated the apoptosis of intestine/lung tissues induced by acute intestinal injury .
At the mRNA level , emodin significantly increased the expression levels of SP-A and decreased the expression levels of IKBα and TLR4 in intestine/lung tissues .
According to ELISA and Western blot , emodin remarkedly inhibited the expression of p-IKBα protein and elevated the expression of SP-A and TLR4 in serum and intestine/lung tissues induced by acute intestinal injury .
CONCLUSION : Our findings suggested that emodin could protect against intestinal and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ by modulating SP-A and TLR4/NF-κB pathway .

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to investigate the effect of emodin on intestinal and lung injury induced by acute intestinal injury in rats and explore potential molecular mechanisms.
METHODS: Healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=10, each group): normal group; saline group; acute intestinal injury model group; model + emodin group; model+NF-κB inhibitor pynolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) group. Histopathological changes in intestine/lung tissues were observed by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase biotin-dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Serum IKBα, p-IKBα, surfactant protein-A (SP-A) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) levels were examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RT-qPCR was performed to detect the mRNA expression levels of IKBα, SP-A and TLR4 in intestine/lung tissues. Furthermore, the protein expression levels of IKBα, p-IKBα, SP-A and TLR4 were detected by Western blot.
RESULTS: The pathological injury of intestinal/lung tissues was remarkedly ameliorated in models treated with emodin and PDTC. Furthermore, the intestinal/lung injury scores were significantly decreased after emodin or PDTC treatment. TUNEL results showed that both emodin and PDTC treatment distinctly attenuated the apoptosis of intestine/lung tissues induced by acute intestinal injury. At the mRNA level, emodin significantly increased the expression levels of SP-A and decreased the expression levels of IKBα and TLR4 in intestine/lung tissues. According to ELISA and Western blot, emodin remarkedly inhibited the expression of p-IKBα protein and elevated the expression of SP-A and TLR4 in serum and intestine/lung tissues induced by acute intestinal injury.
CONCLUSION: Our findings suggested that emodin could protect against intestinal and lung injury induced by acute intestinal injury by modulating SP-A and TLR4/NF-κB pathway.


greenmedinfo--2020-11-03--'216TH WEEK OF LOCKDOWN' - New COVID Film SONGBIRD Scares the Hell out of People Because It May Not

'216TH WEEK OF LOCKDOWN' - New COVID Film SONGBIRD Scares the Hell out of People Because It May Not Be Entirely Fiction

The soon-to-be-released film Songbird is the first major project out of Hollywood since the lockdowns began , and it smacks of predictive programming , trauma-based mind control , and a disturbing blurring of the lines between fact and fiction .
Indeed , Songbird is not deeply disturbing because it stretches the imagination into shockingly novel and unthinkable territory , as is to be expected from fiction , but rather , it sends chills up the spine because it speaks to what many of us are already horrified to have seen and believe will likely continue to see happening around us @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the public against deadly viruses . ''
In fact , many of the terrifying scenes within the film 's trailer will already be familiar to the public because have already been seeded and administered in shocking doses by the Chinese and global media , such as images of citizens dropping dead in the streets , being forcibly removed from their homes by militarized medical police , or the soldering shut of buildings to keep newly quarantined citizens inside their homes-become-lockdown cells .
It is conspicuous that Songbird somehow received approval to be the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ COVID-19 in Los Angeles when virtually all other major products were forbidden from continuing .
Also , STX Entertainment 's top investors include Chinese companies such as Tencent , a multinational technology conglomerate holding company which includes medical and artificial intelligence divisions , and Hony Capital , which has direct investment ties to the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation .
Here is STX Entertainment 's telling description of the film : '' In the terrifying thriller SONGBIRD , the COVID-23 virus has mutated and the world is in its fourth year of lockdown @ @ @ @ @ @ @ homes and forced into quarantine camps known as Q-Zones , from which there is no escape , as a few brave souls fight back against the forces of oppression .
Amid this dystopian landscape , a fearless courier , Nico ( KJ Apa ) , who ’ s immune to the deadly pathogen , finds hope and love with Sara ( Sofia Carson ) , though her lockdown prohibits them from physical contact .
When Sara is believed to have become infected , Nico races desperately across the barren streets of Los Angeles @ @ @ @ @ @ @ can save her from imprisonment ... or worse .
The first feature film to be made during COVID-19 in Los Angeles , and about the pandemic itself , SONGBIRD also stars Bradley Whitford and Demi Moore as a wealthy couple who may hold the key to Nico ’ s mission ; Alexandra Daddario as a singer enmeshed in a messy and forbidden affair ; Paul Walter Hauser as a disabled veteran whose best friend – a drone named Max – is his eyes and ears to a world that has left him behind @ @ @ @ @ @ @ boss ; and Peter Stormare as the corrupt head of the city ’ s “ sanitation ” department , which seizes those infected and transports them to the Q-Zone . ''
Songbird could be viewed as the perfect merger of predictive programming and trauma-based mind and behavioral control , the latter of which has long been used by private and public sectors in partnership ( e.g .
the CIA 's Operation Mockingbird which manipulated news media for propaganda purposes ) , or alone , to leverage media assets in such a way as @ @ @ @ @ @ @ thought , and emotion .
Even if there is absolutely no `` hidden agenda , '' or intention to produce a film that will affect the mind and behavior of the masses , by scaring the living hell out of people with worsening global scenarios , such as the “ 216th straight week ” of lockdown , and the coining of a COVID-23 strain , indicative that in 2023 and beyond things will likely be far worse than they already are ( reminiscent of the `` endless war on terror , '' but @ @ @ @ @ @ @ bioterrorists ) , it accomplishes several things that may have value for those who have architected and implemented what many have termed a planned epidemic , i.e .
Plandemic .
First , if things continue to spiral downward as depicted in Songbird , and civil liberties remain suspended or more egregious violations occur ( e.g .
mandatory vaccination ; forcible internment ) , when the atrocities depicted in the film do come to pass , there may be less resistance among those affected , because the “ shock ” and subsequent disassociation created @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , albeit surreal sense of narrative recognition , a déjà vu which follows the unfolding of events that have been preprogrammed into the psyche subconsciously , which then lead learned helplessness and passivity when similar events actually unfold in reality .
Or , conversely , if the worst-case scenarios described in the film do not come to pass , they provide a psychic reference frame for what `` could have been much worse , '' rendering the civil and human rights violations actually happening right now to be perceived as less egregious and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ way , the film would accomplish both a certain shock-induced emotional release , as well as subsequent anesthetizing effect on the public .
This could be considered the perfect formula for co-opting an already media-addicted population who may never before in human history , be less prone to believing the actual evidence of their own eyes in favor of what is presented to them as the `` official narrative '' through the mainstream media , with the line between fiction and fact become every increasingly blurred , if not entirely erased .
Songbird @ @ @ @ @ @ @ or accidental tool of Operation Mockingbird .
Is Songbird Fiction or Predictive Programming ?
Are the CDC 's COVID-19 `` Green Zones '' Theoretical or Intended to be Implemented ?
In Songbird , we know that there are so-called `` Q-Zones '' set up to confine those suspected to be at risk of being infected , or who are infected .
This `` fictional scenario '' bears eerie resemblance to scenarios called `` Green Zones '' described on the CDC 's website .
The CDC recently released guidelines on the implementation of what @ @ @ @ @ @ @ camps .
The document , last updated on July 26 , 2020 , can be found on their website and is titled , “ Interim Operational Considerations for Implementing the Shielding Approach to Prevent COVID-19 Infections in Humanitarian Settings . ''
It proposes a set of guidelines for the establishment of so-called `` green zones '' intended to segregate and quarantine “ high risk ” populations in order to implement a “ shielding approach to COVID-19.
” According to the document , a shielding approach : The so-called “ high risk ” group @ @ @ @ @ @ @ older adults and people of any age who have serious underlying medical conditions are at higher risk for severe illness from COVID-19.
” The shielding approach would require physically separating high-risk individuals from the general population , in order to , “ prioritize the use of the limited available resources and avoid implementing long-term containment measures among the general population.
” The three proposed options for containment/interment are labeled “ green zones ” and include : a ) Household Level b ) Neighborhood Level and c ) Camp/Sector Level .
The CDC states @ @ @ @ @ @ @ adherence , ” if it is to live up to its promises of protecting high-risk populations from disease and death , and acknowledges that , it could , in fact , make the situation worse through the inadvertent introduction of the virus into a green zone , which it says would result in rapid transmission among the most vulnerable populations the approach is trying to protect .
The CDC also acknowledges that this is a novel approach and that the idea for it comes from “ humanitarian settings as outlined in guidance documents @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and low-resource settings .
This approach has never been documented and has raised questions and concerns among humanitarian partners who support response activities in these settings .
The purpose of this document is to highlight potential implementation challenges of the shielding approach from the CDC ’ s perspective and guide thinking around implementation in the absence of empirical data .
Considerations are based on current evidence known about the transmission and severity of coronavirus disease 2019 ( COVID-19 ) and may need to be revised as more information becomes available.
” The CDC @ @ @ @ @ @ @ two papers published in 2020 titled , “ Guidance for the prevention of COVID-19 infections among high-risk individuals in camps and camp-like settings , ” and COVID-19 control in low-income settings and displaced populations : what can realistically be done ?
Both were published by the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine - a heavily Gates and Melinda Foundation funded and influenced organization .
The CDC document also contains a subsection titled , “ Timeline Considerations , ” which sets up a plan for an “ extended duration of implementation time , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ provided for this extended duration is as follows : “ Explanation : The shielding approach proposes that green zones be maintained until one of the following circumstances arises : ( i ) sufficient hospitalization capacity is established ; ( ii ) effective vaccine or therapeutic options become widely available ; or ( iii ) the COVID-19 epidemic affecting the population subsides .
Given the limited resources and healthcare available to populations in humanitarian settings prior to the pandemic , it is unlikely sufficient hospitalization capacity ( beds , personal protective equipment , ventilators @ @ @ @ @ @ @ during widespread transmission .
The national capacity in many of the countries where these settings are located ( e.g.
, Chad , Myanmar , and Syria ) is limited .
Resources may become quickly overwhelmed during the peak of transmission and may not be accessible to the emergency affected populations .
Vaccine trials are underway , but with no definite timeline .
Reaching the suppression phase where the epidemic subsides can take several months and cases may resurge in a second or even third wave .
Herd immunity ( the depletion of susceptible @ @ @ @ @ @ @ demonstrated to date .
It is also unclear if an infected person develops immunity and the duration of potential immunity is unknown .
Thus , contingency plans to account for a possibly extended operational timeline are critical.
” [ emphasis added ] Notable information also referenced in the document are : • Green zones would be “ monitored and evaluated , ” with dedicated staff to monitor adherence to protocols and potential adverse effects or outcomes due to isolation and stigma , as well as “ if feasible , to minimize movement in/out @ @ @ @ @ @ @ women would be “ isolated separately.
” • So-called “ High-risk minors ” would be accompanied into isolation by a single caregiver who will also be considered a green zone resident in terms of movements and contacts with those outside the green zone .
• “ High-risk individuals will be responsible for cleaning and maintaining their own living space and facilities .
This may not be feasible for persons with disabilities or decreased mobility . ''
While the two primary papers upon which the guidance is based focus on the application of these @ @ @ @ @ @ @ zones , ” one wonders what would stop the CDC from employing this strategy domestically if , in fact , these interventions lived up to their promises and actually `` saved lives . ''
After all , it was the `` save lives '' mantra that was used to shutter the national economy , and rendered most social behaviors either illegal or impossible to engage in , since the national lockdown began on March 15th .
Even if these guidelines were intended for the `` non-US setting '' ( which they have not @ @ @ @ @ @ @ is either without duplicity , has our best intentions in mind , or is solely in control and charge of the unfolding COVID agenda , amounts to quite a leap of faith in times like ours .
For example , the Pentagon recently announced that they instead of the CDC will be in charge of distributing and `` deploying '' COVID vaccines to the public .
Sadly , this could be a sign of things come .
What is not conjecture and completely factual is that Songbird depicts COVID internment or confinement camps @ @ @ @ @ @ @ CDC provides a document that describes them as `` Green Zones '' -- to be implemented somewhere in the world .
This is just one example of how fiction and fact are increasingly blurred in the time of Covid .
Is it any wonder people are running scared ?
Another example of predictive programming can be found in a 2010 National Film Board of Canada predictive programming documentary OUTBREAK wherein is detailed the Government of Canada 's plans for a future outbreak and how it will roundup , mandate tracking bracelets , and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ vaccination .
With films like Songbird leaving people feeling even more scared , traumatized and disempowered , the good news is there are positive actions you can take .
First , please continue to support independent media .
Greenmedinfo.com is 100 % user-supported , and despite multiple attempts to de-platform and censor us , we remain available via our Telegram channel and our free newsletter .
Second , please support the non-profit organization StandForHealthFreedom.com , which provides information and tools for you to empower yourself to preserve your civil and human rights , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ share this information via email and social media , as most of the major platforms are censoring our information , making it difficult to spread the word .

Visit our Re-post guidelines This article is copyrighted by GreenMedInfo LLC, 2020
The soon-to-be-released film Songbird is the first major project out of Hollywood since the lockdowns began, and it smacks of predictive programming, trauma-based mind control, and a disturbing blurring of the lines between fact and fiction.
“Predictive programming is a subtle form of psychological conditioning provided by the media to acquaint the public with planned societal changes to be implemented by our leaders. If and when these changes are put through, the public will already be familiarized with them and will accept them as natural progressions, thus lessening possible public resistance and commotion.” ~ Alan Watts
Indeed, Songbird is not deeply disturbing because it stretches the imagination into shockingly novel and unthinkable territory, as is to be expected from fiction, but rather, it sends chills up the spine because it speaks to what many of us are already horrified to have seen and believe will likely continue to see happening around us, in the name of "protecting the public against deadly viruses."
In fact, many of the terrifying scenes within the film's trailer will already be familiar to the public because have already been seeded and administered in shocking doses by the Chinese and global media, such as images of citizens dropping dead in the streets, being forcibly removed from their homes by militarized medical police, or the soldering shut of buildings to keep newly quarantined citizens inside their homes-become-lockdown cells.
It is conspicuous that Songbird somehow received approval to be the first feature film to be made during COVID-19 in Los Angeles when virtually all other major products were forbidden from continuing. Also, STX Entertainment's top investors include Chinese companies such as Tencent, a multinational technology conglomerate holding company which includes medical and artificial intelligence divisions, and Hony Capital, which has direct investment ties to the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Here is STX Entertainment's telling description of the film:
"In the terrifying thriller SONGBIRD, the COVID-23 virus has mutated and the world is in its fourth year of lockdown. Infected Americans are ripped from their homes and forced into quarantine camps known as Q-Zones, from which there is no escape, as a few brave souls fight back against the forces of oppression. Amid this dystopian landscape, a fearless courier, Nico (KJ Apa), who’s immune to the deadly pathogen, finds hope and love with Sara (Sofia Carson), though her lockdown prohibits them from physical contact. When Sara is believed to have become infected, Nico races desperately across the barren streets of Los Angeles in search of the only thing that can save her from imprisonment ... or worse. The first feature film to be made during COVID-19 in Los Angeles, and about the pandemic itself, SONGBIRD also stars Bradley Whitford and Demi Moore as a wealthy couple who may hold the key to Nico’s mission; Alexandra Daddario as a singer enmeshed in a messy and forbidden affair; Paul Walter Hauser as a disabled veteran whose best friend – a drone named Max – is his eyes and ears to a world that has left him behind; Craig Robinson as Nico’s boss; and Peter Stormare as the corrupt head of the city’s “sanitation” department, which seizes those infected and transports them to the Q-Zone."
Songbird could be viewed as the perfect merger of predictive programming and trauma-based mind and behavioral control, the latter of which has long been used by private and public sectors in partnership (e.g. the CIA's Operation Mockingbird which manipulated news media for propaganda purposes), or alone, to leverage media assets in such a way as to produce changes in mass behavior, thought, and emotion.
Even if there is absolutely no "hidden agenda," or intention to produce a film that will affect the mind and behavior of the masses, by scaring the living hell out of people with worsening global scenarios, such as the “216th straight week” of lockdown, and the coining of a COVID-23 strain, indicative that in 2023 and beyond things will likely be far worse than they already are (reminiscent of the "endless war on terror," but with viruses taking on the role of bioterrorists), it accomplishes several things that may have value for those who have architected and implemented what many have termed a planned epidemic, i.e. Plandemic.
Screenshot from the Songbird trailer.
First, if things continue to spiral downward as depicted in Songbird, and civil liberties remain suspended or more egregious violations occur (e.g. mandatory vaccination; forcible internment), when the atrocities depicted in the film do come to pass, there may be less resistance among those affected, because the “shock” and subsequent disassociation created by the film will generate an immediate, albeit surreal sense of narrative recognition, a déjà vu which follows the unfolding of events that have been preprogrammed into the psyche subconsciously, which then lead learned helplessness and passivity when similar events actually unfold in reality.
Or, conversely, if the worst-case scenarios described in the film do not come to pass, they provide a psychic reference frame for what "could have been much worse," rendering the civil and human rights violations actually happening right now to be perceived as less egregious and more likely to generate complacency.
Either way, the film would accomplish both a certain shock-induced emotional release, as well as subsequent anesthetizing effect on the public. This could be considered the perfect formula for co-opting an already media-addicted population who may never before in human history, be less prone to believing the actual evidence of their own eyes in favor of what is presented to them as the "official narrative" through the mainstream media, with the line between fiction and fact become every increasingly blurred, if not entirely erased. Songbird, therefore, becomes the perfect intentional or accidental tool of Operation Mockingbird.
Is Songbird Fiction or Predictive Programming? Are the CDC's COVID-19 "Green Zones" Theoretical or Intended to be Implemented?
In Songbird, we know that there are so-called "Q-Zones" set up to confine those suspected to be at risk of being infected, or who are infected. This "fictional scenario" bears eerie resemblance to scenarios called "Green Zones" described on the CDC's website.
The CDC recently released guidelines on the implementation of what amounts to COVID-19 internment or preventive confinement camps. The document, last updated on July 26, 2020, can be found on their website and is titled, “Interim Operational Considerations for Implementing the Shielding Approach to Prevent COVID-19 Infections in Humanitarian Settings." It proposes a set of guidelines for the establishment of so-called "green zones" intended to segregate and quarantine “high risk” populations in order to implement a “shielding approach to COVID-19.”
According to the document, a shielding approach:
”...aims to reduce the number of severe COVID-19 cases by limiting contact between individuals at higher risk of developing severe disease (“high-risk”) and the general population (“low-risk”). High-risk individuals would be temporarily relocated to safe or “green zones” established at the household, neighborhood, camp/sector or community level depending on the context and setting.1,2 They would have minimal contact with family members and other low-risk residents.”
The so-called “high risk” group described in the document are, “older adults and people of any age who have serious underlying medical conditions are at higher risk for severe illness from COVID-19.”
The shielding approach would require physically separating high-risk individuals from the general population, in order to, “prioritize the use of the limited available resources and avoid implementing long-term containment measures among the general population.”


greenmedinfo--2020-11-03--Emodin was found to protect the mitochondria.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is part of the mechanism of several human diseases .
This negative circumstance may be induced by certain toxicants , as methylglyoxal ( MG ) .
MG is a reactive dicarbonyl presenting both endogenous and exogenous sources and is also able to induce protein cross-linking and glycation .
Emodin ( EM ; 1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthracene-9,10-dione ; CHO ) is a cytoprotective agent .
Nonetheless , it was not previously demonstrated whether EM would be able to promote mitochondrial protection in cells challenged with MG .
Therefore , we investigated here whether and how EM would prevent the MG-induced mitochondrial collapse @ @ @ @ @ @ @ We found that a pretreatment ( for 4 h ) with EM at 40 μM prevented the MG-induced mitochondrial dysfunction ( i.e.
, decreased activity of the complexes I and V , reduced adenosine triphosphate levels , and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential ) in the SH-SY5Y cells .
EM also prevented the redox impairment induced by MG in mitochondrial membranes .
Inhibiting the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase ( AMPK ) or silencing of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 ( Nrf2 ) , transcription factor abolished the EM-induced protection .
Inhibition @ @ @ @ @ @ @ blocked the EM-induced mitochondrial protection .
Therefore , EM protected the mitochondria by a mechanism dependent on the AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in MG-challenged SH-SY5Y cells .

Mitochondrial dysfunction is part of the mechanism of several human diseases. This negative circumstance may be induced by certain toxicants, as methylglyoxal (MG). MG is a reactive dicarbonyl presenting both endogenous and exogenous sources and is also able to induce protein cross-linking and glycation. Emodin (EM; 1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthracene-9,10-dione; CHO) is a cytoprotective agent. Nonetheless, it was not previously demonstrated whether EM would be able to promote mitochondrial protection in cells challenged with MG. Therefore, we investigated here whether and how EM would prevent the MG-induced mitochondrial collapse in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. We found that a pretreatment (for 4 h) with EM at 40 μM prevented the MG-induced mitochondrial dysfunction (i.e., decreased activity of the complexes I and V, reduced adenosine triphosphate levels, and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential) in the SH-SY5Y cells. EM also prevented the redox impairment induced by MG in mitochondrial membranes. Inhibiting the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) or silencing of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), transcription factor abolished the EM-induced protection. Inhibition of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) also blocked the EM-induced mitochondrial protection. Therefore, EM protected the mitochondria by a mechanism dependent on the AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in MG-challenged SH-SY5Y cells.


greenmedinfo--2020-11-03--Emodin alleviates gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer.

Gemcitabine is a gold standard chemotherapeutic agent for pancreatic cancer .
However , gemcitabine has limited effectiveness due to the short-term development of chemoresistance .
Emodin , a natural anthraquinone derivative isolated from the roots of rheumatic palm leaves prevents immunosuppression and exerts anticancer effects .
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of emodin on gemcitabine resistance .
Gemcitabine-resistant PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cell xenografts were established in athymic mice , which were randomly assigned into four treatments groups as follows : Gemcitabine group , Emodin group , Gemcitabine+Emodin group and Negative control group .
Body weight , tumor @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the course of treatment .
The effect of each treatment on tumor tissue proliferation and apoptosis from nude mice was evaluated by using immunohistochemistry .
The effect of each treatment on the proliferation of gemcitabine-resistant PANC-1 cells was also determined by using the Cell Counting Kit-8 .
Then , reverse transcription-quantitative ( RT-q ) PCR and western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression , respectively , of multidrug resistance gene 1 ( MDR1 ) and the drug resistance-related proteins MRP1 and MRP5 .
The function and expression level of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ also analysed by flow cytometry and RT-qPCR , respectively .
The results demonstrated that the combination of gemcitabine and emodin significantly reduced xenograft volume and reduced tumor growth in mice compared with treatment with gemcitabine or emodin only .
In addition , emodin treatment reduced resistance to gemcitabine , which was characterized by the downregulation of P-glycoprotein , MRP1 and MRP5 expression in the group receiving combination treatment .
The level of P-glycoprotein was also decreased in the group treated with gemcitabine+emodin compared with the single treatment groups .
Taken together , these @ @ @ @ @ @ @ in tumor treatment and alleviated gemcitabine resistance in PANC-1 cell xenografts in mice via suppressing MDR1/P-glycoprotein and MRP expression .

Gemcitabine is a gold standard chemotherapeutic agent for pancreatic cancer. However, gemcitabine has limited effectiveness due to the short-term development of chemoresistance. Emodin, a natural anthraquinone derivative isolated from the roots of rheumatic palm leaves prevents immunosuppression and exerts anticancer effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of emodin on gemcitabine resistance. Gemcitabine-resistant PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cell xenografts were established in athymic mice, which were randomly assigned into four treatments groups as follows: Gemcitabine group, Emodin group, Gemcitabine+Emodin group and Negative control group. Body weight, tumor volume and tumor weight were measured over the course of treatment. The effect of each treatment on tumor tissue proliferation and apoptosis from nude mice was evaluated by using immunohistochemistry. The effect of each treatment on the proliferation of gemcitabine-resistant PANC-1 cells was also determined by using the Cell Counting Kit-8. Then, reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q) PCR and western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression, respectively, of multidrug resistance gene 1 (MDR1) and the drug resistance-related proteins MRP1 and MRP5. The function and expression level of DR1 gene product, p-glycoprotein, was also analysed by flow cytometry and RT-qPCR, respectively. The results demonstrated that the combination of gemcitabine and emodin significantly reduced xenograft volume and reduced tumor growth in mice compared with treatment with gemcitabine or emodin only. In addition, emodin treatment reduced resistance to gemcitabine, which was characterized by the downregulation of P-glycoprotein, MRP1 and MRP5 expression in the group receiving combination treatment. The level of P-glycoprotein was also decreased in the group treated with gemcitabine+emodin compared with the single treatment groups. Taken together, these results demonstrated that emodin enhanced gemcitabine efficacy in tumor treatment and alleviated gemcitabine resistance in PANC-1 cell xenografts in mice via suppressing MDR1/P-glycoprotein and MRP expression.


greenmedinfo--2020-11-03--Star anise (Illicium verum): Chemical compounds, antiviral properties, and clinical relevance.

Medicinal herbs are one of the imperative sources of drugs all over the world .
Star anise ( Illicium verum ) , an evergreen , medium-sized tree with star-shaped fruit , is an important herb with wide distribution throughout southwestern parts of the Asian continent .
Besides its use as spice in culinary , star anise is one of the vital ingredients of the Chinese medicinal herbs and is widely known for its antiviral effects .
It is also the source of the precursor molecule , shikimic acid , which is used in the manufacture of oseltamivir ( Tamiflu® ) @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and influenza B .
Besides , several other molecules with numerous biological benefits including the antiviral effects have been reported from the same plant .
Except the antiviral potential , star anise possesses a number of other potentials such as antioxidant , antimicrobial , antifungal , anthelmintic , insecticidal , secretolytic , antinociceptive , anti-inflammatory , gastroprotective , sedative properties , expectorant and spasmolytic , and estrogenic effects .
This review aimed to integrate the information on the customary attributes of the plant star anisewith a specific prominence on its antiviral properties and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ aptness .

Medicinal herbs are one of the imperative sources of drugs all over the world. Star anise (Illicium verum), an evergreen, medium-sized tree with star-shaped fruit, is an important herb with wide distribution throughout southwestern parts of the Asian continent. Besides its use as spice in culinary, star anise is one of the vital ingredients of the Chinese medicinal herbs and is widely known for its antiviral effects. It is also the source of the precursor molecule, shikimic acid, which is used in the manufacture of oseltamivir (Tamiflu®), an antiviral medication for influenza A and influenza B. Besides, several other molecules with numerous biological benefits including the antiviral effects have been reported from the same plant. Except the antiviral potential, star anise possesses a number of other potentials such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, anthelmintic, insecticidal, secretolytic, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, gastroprotective, sedative properties, expectorant and spasmolytic, and estrogenic effects. This review aimed to integrate the information on the customary attributes of the plant star anisewith a specific prominence on its antiviral properties and the phytochemical constituents along with its clinical aptness.


greenmedinfo--2020-11-03--Identification of new anti-nCoV drug chemical compounds from Indian spices exploiting SARS-CoV-2 mai

Identification of new anti-nCoV drug chemical compounds from Indian spices exploiting SARS-CoV-2 main protease as target.

The 2019-novel coronavirus ( nCoV ) has caused a global health crisis by causing coronavirus disease-19 ( COVID-19 ) pandemic in the human population .
The unavailability of specific vaccines and anti-viral drug for nCoV , science demands sincere efforts in the field of drug design and discovery for COVID-19 .
The novel coronavirus main protease ( SARS-CoV-2 Mpro ) play a crucial role during the disease propagation , and hence SARS-CoV-2 Mpro represents as a drug target for the drug discovery .
Herein , we have applied bioinformatics approach for screening of chemical compounds from Indian spices as potent @ @ @ @ @ @ @ : 6Y84 ) .
The structure files of Indian spices chemical compounds were taken from PubChem database or Zinc database and screened by molecular docking , by using AutoDock-4.2 , MGLTools-1.5.6 , Raccoon virtual screening tools .
Top 04 hits based on their highest binding affinity were analyzed .
Carnosol exhibited highest binding affinity -8.2 Kcal/mol and strong and stable interactions with the amino acid residues present on the active site of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro .
Arjunglucoside-I ( -7.88 Kcal/mol ) and Rosmanol ( -7.99 Kcal/mol ) also showed a strong and stable binding @ @ @ @ @ @ @ compounds on MD simulations for 50ns shows strong hydrogen-bonding interactions with the protein active site and remains stable inside the active site .
Our virtual screening results suggest that these small chemical molecules can be used as potential inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro and may have an anti-viral effect on nCoV .
However , further validation and investigation of these inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 main protease are needed to claim their candidacy for clinical trials .

The 2019-novel coronavirus (nCoV) has caused a global health crisis by causing coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic in the human population. The unavailability of specific vaccines and anti-viral drug for nCoV, science demands sincere efforts in the field of drug design and discovery for COVID-19. The novel coronavirus main protease (SARS-CoV-2 Mpro) play a crucial role during the disease propagation, and hence SARS-CoV-2 Mpro represents as a drug target for the drug discovery. Herein, we have applied bioinformatics approach for screening of chemical compounds from Indian spices as potent inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (PDBID: 6Y84). The structure files of Indian spices chemical compounds were taken from PubChem database or Zinc database and screened by molecular docking, by using AutoDock-4.2, MGLTools-1.5.6, Raccoon virtual screening tools. Top 04 hits based on their highest binding affinity were analyzed. Carnosol exhibited highest binding affinity -8.2 Kcal/mol and strong and stable interactions with the amino acid residues present on the active site of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. Arjunglucoside-I (-7.88 Kcal/mol) and Rosmanol (-7.99 Kcal/mol) also showed a strong and stable binding affinity with favourable ADME properties. These compounds on MD simulations for 50ns shows strong hydrogen-bonding interactions with the protein active site and remains stable inside the active site. Our virtual screening results suggest that these small chemical molecules can be used as potential inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro and may have an anti-viral effect on nCoV. However, further validation and investigation of these inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 main protease are needed to claim their candidacy for clinical trials.


greenmedinfo--2020-11-05--Identification of main protease of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Mpro) inhibitors from Melissa officinalis

Identification of main protease of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Mpro) inhibitors from Melissa officinalis.

BACKGROUND : The recent outbreak of Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 ( Covid-19 ) which has rapidly spread around the world in about three months with tens of thousands of deaths recorded so far is a global concern .
An urgent need for potential therapeutic intervention is of necessity .
Mpro is an attractive druggable target for the development of anti-COVID-19 drug development .
Compounds previously characterized from Melissa officinalis were queried against main protease of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 using computational approach .
RESULTS : Melitric acid A and salvanolic acid A had higher affinity than lopinavir and ivermectin using both AutodockVina and XP @ @ @ @ @ @ @ employed in the generation of QSAR model using automated QSAR , and in the docking of ligands from Melissa officinalis with SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitors .
The best model obtained was KPLS_Radial_28 ( R2 = 0.8548 and Q2=0.6474 , and was used in predicting the bioactivity of the lead compounds .
Molecular mechanics based MM-GBSA confirmed salvanolic acid A as the compound with the highest free energy and predicted bioactivity of 4.777 ; it interacted with His-41 of the catalytic dyad ( Cys145-His41 ) of SARS-CoV-2 main protease ( Mpro ) , as this @ @ @ @ @ @ @ protein into active ones capable of replication .
CONCLUSION : Salvanolic acid A can be further evaluated as potential Mpro inhibitor .

BACKGROUND: The recent outbreak of Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) which has rapidly spread around the world in about three months with tens of thousands of deaths recorded so far is a global concern. An urgent need for potential therapeutic intervention is of necessity. Mpro is an attractive druggable target for the development of anti-COVID-19 drug development. Compounds previously characterized from Melissa officinalis were queried against main protease of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 using computational approach.
RESULTS: Melitric acid A and salvanolic acid A had higher affinity than lopinavir and ivermectin using both AutodockVina and XP docking algorithms. The computational approach was employed in the generation of QSAR model using automated QSAR, and in the docking of ligands from Melissa officinalis with SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitors. The best model obtained was KPLS_Radial_28 (R2 = 0.8548 and Q2=0.6474, and was used in predicting the bioactivity of the lead compounds. Molecular mechanics based MM-GBSA confirmed salvanolic acid A as the compound with the highest free energy and predicted bioactivity of 4.777; it interacted with His-41 of the catalytic dyad (Cys145-His41) of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), as this may hinder the cutting of inactive viral protein into active ones capable of replication.
CONCLUSION: Salvanolic acid A can be further evaluated as potential Mpro inhibitor.


greenmedinfo--2020-11-05--Safety and efficacy of Melissa officinalis extract containing rosmarinic acid in the prevention of A

Safety and efficacy of Melissa officinalis extract containing rosmarinic acid in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease progression.

We conducted a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind 24-week trial using Melissa officinalis ( M. officinalis ) extract richly containing rosmarinic acid ( RA ) on patients with mild dementia due to Alzheimer 's disease ( AD ) with the aim to examine the safety and tolerability ( primary endpoint ) of RA ( 500 mg daily ) and its clinical effects and disease-related biomarker changes ( secondary endpoints ) .
Patients ( n = 23 ) diagnosed with mild dementia due to probable AD were randomized to either the placebo or M. officinalis extract group .
No differences in vital signs @ @ @ @ @ @ @ detected between the M. officinalis and placebo groups .
No serious adverse events occurred .
There were no significant differences in cognitive measures ; however , the mean Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire ( NPI-Q ) score improved by 0.5 points in the M. officinalis group and worsened by 0.7 points in the placebo group between the baseline and 24-week visit , indicating a significant difference ( P = 0.012 ) .
No significant differences were apparent in disease-related biomarkers between the groups .
M. officinalis extract containing 500 mg of RA taken daily was @ @ @ @ @ @ @ dementia due to AD .
Our results suggest that RA may help prevent the worsening of AD-related neuropsychiatric symptoms.Trial registration : The registration number for this clinical trial is UMIN000007734 ( 16/04/2012 ) .

We conducted a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind 24-week trial using Melissa officinalis (M. officinalis) extract richly containing rosmarinic acid (RA) on patients with mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD) with the aim to examine the safety and tolerability (primary endpoint) of RA (500 mg daily) and its clinical effects and disease-related biomarker changes (secondary endpoints). Patients (n = 23) diagnosed with mild dementia due to probable AD were randomized to either the placebo or M. officinalis extract group. No differences in vital signs or physical and neurologic examination results were detected between the M. officinalis and placebo groups. No serious adverse events occurred. There were no significant differences in cognitive measures; however, the mean Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q) score improved by 0.5 points in the M. officinalis group and worsened by 0.7 points in the placebo group between the baseline and 24-week visit, indicating a significant difference (P = 0.012). No significant differences were apparent in disease-related biomarkers between the groups. M. officinalis extract containing 500 mg of RA taken daily was safe and well-tolerated by patients with mild dementia due to AD. Our results suggest that RA may help prevent the worsening of AD-related neuropsychiatric symptoms.Trial registration: The registration number for this clinical trial is UMIN000007734 (16/04/2012).


greenmedinfo--2020-11-05--Antifungal activity of Peruvian banana peel on Candida albicans.

AIM : The purpose of this study was to compare the antifungal activity of three concentrations of a hydroethanolic extract of the×peel againststrain ATCC 10231 .
MATERIALS AND METHODS : The agar diffusion method was used , and the culture medium used was Sabouraud agar .
Petri dishes were prepared with concentrations of 10 , 30 , and 50 % of hydroethanolic extract of the×peel ; nystatin was used as a positive control , and 96 % ethanol was used as a negative control .
After 24 hours of incubation , each plate was examined , and the diameters ( @ @ @ @ @ @ @ were measured around each well using a digital vernier caliper .
RESULTS : The results showed that the antifungal activity of the extract varied , depending on the concentration , as shown using analysis of variance ( ANOVA ; < 0.05 ) .
When comparing the different concentrations , it was found by Duncan test that the greatest activity was obtained at 50 % .
CONCLUSION : It was concluded that the hydroethanolic extract of×at 50 % exerted a greater antifungal effect on the strain ofthan did the extract at lower concentrations .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ effect of× , this substance can be effectively used in products aimed to cure candidiasis infection .

AIM: The purpose of this study was to compare the antifungal activity of three concentrations of a hydroethanolic extract of the×peel againststrain ATCC 10231.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The agar diffusion method was used, and the culture medium used was Sabouraud agar. Petri dishes were prepared with concentrations of 10, 30, and 50% of hydroethanolic extract of the×peel; nystatin was used as a positive control, and 96% ethanol was used as a negative control. After 24 hours of incubation, each plate was examined, and the diameters (mm) of the growth inhibition halos were measured around each well using a digital vernier caliper.
RESULTS: The results showed that the antifungal activity of the extract varied, depending on the concentration, as shown using analysis of variance (ANOVA;<0.05). When comparing the different concentrations, it was found by Duncan test that the greatest activity was obtained at 50%.
CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the hydroethanolic extract of×at 50% exerted a greater antifungal effect on the strain ofthan did the extract at lower concentrations.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: By knowing the antimicrobial effect of×, this substance can be effectively used in products aimed to cure candidiasis infection.


greenmedinfo--2020-11-05--The targets of β-sitosterol as a novel therapeutic against cardio-renal complications in acute renal

The targets of β-sitosterol as a novel therapeutic against cardio-renal complications in acute renal ischemia/reperfusion damage.

This research is the first to useβ-sitosterol on myocardial and renal tissues in renal ischemia/reperfusion ( IR ) damage .
@ @ @ @ @ divided into three groups : control ( sham ) , renal IR ( 50 min @ @ @ @ @ ) , and renal IR + 150 mg/kg/p.o .
β-sitosterol ( the rats were treated @ @ @ @ @ h before the IR procedure ) .
β-Sitosterol pretreatment caused an increase in superoxide dismutase @ @ @ @ @ decrease in malondialdehyde levels in the kidney and heart .
Moreover , it alleviated histopathological @ @ @ @ @ of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 and upregulated the levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase @ @ @ @ @ potential of β-sitosterol for renal and cardiac necrosis and apoptosis appears to act by limiting @ @ @ @ @ .
Thus , the potential of this compound is noteworthy and may serve as a @ @ @ @ @ of acute organ damages due to renal IR .

This research is the first to useβ-sitosterol on myocardial and renal tissues in renal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) damage. Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: control (sham), renal IR (50 min ischemia - 3 h reperfusion), and renal IR + 150 mg/kg/p.o. β-sitosterol (the rats were treated with β-sitosterol orally once 1 h before the IR procedure). β-Sitosterol pretreatment caused an increase in superoxide dismutase and glutathione activities and a decrease in malondialdehyde levels in the kidney and heart. Moreover, it alleviated histopathological changes and downregulated the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 and upregulated the levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. As conclusion, the potential of β-sitosterol for renal and cardiac necrosis and apoptosis appears to act by limiting inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Thus, the potential of this compound is noteworthy and may serve as a potential therapeutic in the treatment of acute organ damages due to renal IR.


greenmedinfo--2020-11-05--Potentials of Musa Species fruits against oxidative stress-induced and diet-linked chronic diseases.

Nutritional quality and the well-being of the body system are directly linked aspects of human survival .
From the unborn @ @ @ @ @ need for sustainable access to micronutrient-rich foods is pertinent and the global consumption of banana @ @ @ @ @ effect , contributes to the alleviation of the scourge of malnutrition .
This review is @ @ @ @ @ pharmacological dimensions through the biological mechanisms offruits in the body , which represent correlations with @ @ @ @ @ dietary polyphenolic constituents such as minerals , vitamin members , anthocyanins , lutein , α- @ @ @ @ @ and cryptoxanthins , epi- and gallo catechins , catecholamines , 3-carboxycoumarin , β-sitosterol , monoterpenoids @ @ @ @ @ approaches for the various identified compounds being highlighted therein .
Derivative value-products from the compartments @ @ @ @ @ offruits are equally highlighted , bringing forth the biomedicinal and nutritional relevance , including the @ @ @ @ @ approaches .

Nutritional quality and the well-being of the body system are directly linked aspects of human survival. From the unborn foetus to adulthood, the need for sustainable access to micronutrient-rich foods is pertinent and the global consumption of banana and plantain fruits, in effect, contributes to the alleviation of the scourge of malnutrition. This review is particularly aimed at evaluating the pharmacological dimensions through the biological mechanisms offruits in the body, which represent correlations with their constituent micronutrient factors and dietary polyphenolic constituents such as minerals, vitamin members, anthocyanins, lutein,α-,β- carotenes, neoxanthins and cryptoxanthins, epi- and gallo catechins, catecholamines, 3-carboxycoumarin, β-sitosterol, monoterpenoids, with series of analytical approaches for the various identified compounds being highlighted therein. Derivative value-products from the compartments (flesh and peel) offruits are equally highlighted, bringing forth the biomedicinal and nutritional relevance, including the potentials ofspecies in dietary diversification approaches.


greenmedinfo--2020-11-05--Fenugreek seeds dietary supplementation regulates liver antioxidant defense systems in aging mice.

Fenugreek seeds are widely used in Asia and other places of the world for their nutritive and medicinal properties .
@ @ @ @ @ are also recommended for geriatric populations .
Here , we evaluated for the first time @ @ @ @ @ feed supplementation on the liver antioxidant defense systems in aging mice .
The study was @ @ @ @ @ which were given fenugreek seed dietary supplement .
We evaluated the activities of various antioxidant @ @ @ @ @ dismutase ( SOD ) , glutathione reductase ( GR ) , and glutathione peroxidase ( @ @ @ @ @ estimated the phenolics and free radical scavenging properties in mice liver upon fenugreek supplementation .
@ @ @ @ @ GPx , and GR activities in aged mice liver revealed a significant ( < 0.01 @ @ @ @ @ liver enzymes .
Overall , this study reveals that fenugreek seed dietary supplementation has a @ @ @ @ @ of the hepatic antioxidant defense enzymes in the aged mice .

Fenugreek seeds are widely used in Asia and other places of the world for their nutritive and medicinal properties. In Asia, fenugreek seeds are also recommended for geriatric populations. Here, we evaluated for the first time the effect of fenugreek seed feed supplementation on the liver antioxidant defense systems in aging mice. The study was conducted on 12-months aged mice which were given fenugreek seed dietary supplement. We evaluated the activities of various antioxidant defense enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and also estimated the phenolics and free radical scavenging properties in mice liver upon fenugreek supplementation. The estimation of SOD, GPx, and GR activities in aged mice liver revealed a significant (<0.01) difference among all the liver enzymes. Overall, this study reveals that fenugreek seed dietary supplementation has a positive effect on the activities of the hepatic antioxidant defense enzymes in the aged mice.


greenmedinfo--2020-11-05--The effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of fenugreek seeds on the lipid profile and oxidative stress

The effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of fenugreek seeds on the lipid profile and oxidative stress in fructose-fed rats.

Background : Metabolic syndrome ( MetS ) is a complex clinical disorder that can lead to an increase in oxidative stress .
Patients with this syndrome are at risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease .
TheL .
( fenugreek ) plant has many therapeutic effects , including anti-diabetic and antioxidant .
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of the hydro-alcoholic extract of fenugreek seeds ( HEFS ) on dyslipidemia and oxidative stress due to high-fructose diet-induced MetS .
Methods : In this experimental study , to induce MetS , animals received water containing 20 % fructose for 8 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 48 male Wistar rats ( 200-250 g ) were randomized into six groups .
HEFS was administered to animals at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg orally for 4 weeks .
Animal blood samples were collected to measure biochemical and antioxidant parameters of fasting plasma glucose ( FPG ) , total cholesterol ( TC ) , high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL-C ) , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C ) , triglycerides ( TG ) , malondialdehyde ( MDA ) , glutathione peroxidase ( GPX ) , catalase ( CAT ) , and total @ @ @ @ @ @ @ : The findings showed that the serum levels of FPG , TC , LDL-C , TG , and MDA were significantly reduced in HEFS-exposed groups compared with the control group ( < 0.05 ) .
Also , significant increases in HDL-C , GPX , CAT , and TAC levels ( < 0.05 ) were observed .
Conclusion : Our results revealed that treatment with HEFS increases the levels of antioxidant enzymes , decreases FPG level , and at the same time , modifies the lipid profile in MetS .
Therefore , HEFS may @ @ @ @ @ @ @ chronic complications of this disease .

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex clinical disorder that can lead to an increase in oxidative stress. Patients with this syndrome are at risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. TheL. (fenugreek) plant has many therapeutic effects, including anti-diabetic and antioxidant. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of the hydro-alcoholic extract of fenugreek seeds (HEFS) on dyslipidemia and oxidative stress due to high-fructose diet-induced MetS.
Methods: In this experimental study, to induce MetS, animals received water containing 20% fructose for 8 weeks. After induction of MetS, 48 male Wistar rats (200-250 g) were randomized into six groups. HEFS was administered to animals at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg orally for 4 weeks. Animal blood samples were collected to measure biochemical and antioxidant parameters of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC).
Results: The findings showed that the serum levels of FPG, TC, LDL-C, TG, and MDA were significantly reduced in HEFS-exposed groups compared with the control group (<0.05). Also, significant increases in HDL-C, GPX, CAT, and TAC levels (<0.05) were observed.
Conclusion: Our results revealed that treatment with HEFS increases the levels of antioxidant enzymes, decreases FPG level, and at the same time, modifies the lipid profile in MetS. Therefore, HEFS may help to alleviate the risk of some chronic complications of this disease.


greenmedinfo--2020-11-05--"Covid Confinement Camps," Predictive Programming & What To Do - Sayer's VIDEO UPDATE

Sayer Ji gives a crucial update on the latest article featured on Greenmedinfo.com related to `` COVID Confinement Camps , @ @ @ @ @ the new Hollywood film SONGBIRD , and what action steps to take to become more @ @ @ @ @ .
Read the article : '216TH WEEK OF LOCKDOWN ' - New COVID Film SONGBIRD @ @ @ @ @ People Because It May Not Be Entirely Fiction https : //www.greenmedinfo.com/blog/216th-week-lockdown-new-covid-film-songbird-scares-hell-out-people-because-it-may4 CDC document : Interim @ @ @ @ @ Shielding Approach to Prevent COVID-19 Infections in Humanitarian Settings https : //www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/global-covid-19/shielding-approach-humanitarian.html Nazism , COVID-19 @ @ @ @ @ medicine : A Conversation with Vera Sharav https : //standforhealthfreedom.com/blog/an-interview-with-vera-sharav/ Not Just Another Petition – @ @ @ @ @ Now !
Say NO to a forced coronavirus vaccine and other compulsory medical interventions .
@ @ @ @ @ about the problem with Germ theory , COVID-19 isolation/characterization , and more : www.questioningcovid.com Support @ @ @ @ @ becoming a member or making a one time donation .

Visit our Re-post guidelines This article is copyrighted by GreenMedInfo LLC, 2020
Sayer Ji gives a crucial update on the latest article featured on Greenmedinfo.com related to "COVID Confinement Camps," and predictive programming via the new Hollywood film SONGBIRD, and what action steps to take to become more empowered despite these concerning developments.
Read the article: '216TH WEEK OF LOCKDOWN' - New COVID Film SONGBIRD Scares the Hell out of People Because It May Not Be Entirely Fiction www.greenmedinfo.comblog/216th-week-lockdown-new-covid-film-songbird-scares-hell-out-people-because-it-may4
CDC document: Interim Operational Considerations for Implementing the Shielding Approach to Prevent COVID-19 Infections in Humanitarian Settings https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/global-covid-19/shielding-approach-humanitarian.html
Nazism, COVID-19 and the destruction of modern medicine: A Conversation with Vera Sharav https://standforhealthfreedom.com/blog/an-interview-with-vera-sharav/
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greenmedinfo--2020-11-05--What Are the Benefits of Moringa Oleifera?

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This website is for information purposes only. By providing the information contained herein we are not diagnosing, treating, curing, mitigating, or preventing any type of disease or medical condition. Before beginning any type of natural, integrative or conventional treatment regimen, it is advisable to seek the advice of a licensed healthcare professional.
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greenmedinfo--2020-11-07--Dietary pistachio restored normal flora and enhanced the presence of beneficial microbes in the rat

Background : Gut microbiota holds a key-role in numerous biological functions and has emerged as a driving force for the development of diabetes .
Diet contributes to gut microbiota diversity and functionality providing a tool for the prevention and management of the disease .
The study aimed to investigate the effect of a dietary intervention with pistachio nuts , a rich source of monounsaturated fatty acids , dietary fibers and phytochemicals on gut microbiota composition in the rat model of Type 1 Diabetes .
Methods : Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups : healthy animals which received @ @ @ @ @ @ @ diet ( PD ) , and diabetic animals which received control diet ( DCD ) or pistachio diet ( DPD ) for 4 weeks .
Plasma biochemical parameters were determined and histological examination of liver and pancreas was performed at the end of the dietary intervention .
Adherent intestinal microbiota populations in jejunum , ileum , caecum and colon were analyzed .
Fecal microbiota populations at the beginning and the end of the study were determined by microbiological analysis and 16S rRNA sequencing .
Results : Diabetic animals of both groups exhibited high @ @ @ @ @ @ @ as well as characteristic pancreatic lesions .
Pistachio supplementation significantly increased lactobacilli and bifidobacteria populations in jejunum , ileum and caecum ( Conclusion : Dietary pistachio restored normal flora and enhanced the presence of beneficial microbes in the rat model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes .

Background: Gut microbiota holds a key-role in numerous biological functions and has emerged as a driving force for the development of diabetes. Diet contributes to gut microbiota diversity and functionality providing a tool for the prevention and management of the disease. The study aimed to investigate the effect of a dietary intervention with pistachio nuts, a rich source of monounsaturated fatty acids, dietary fibers and phytochemicals on gut microbiota composition in the rat model of Type 1 Diabetes.
Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups: healthy animals which received control diet (CD) or pistachio diet (PD), and diabetic animals which received control diet (DCD) or pistachio diet (DPD) for 4 weeks. Plasma biochemical parameters were determined and histological examination of liver and pancreas was performed at the end of the dietary intervention. Adherent intestinal microbiota populations in jejunum, ileum, caecum and colon were analyzed. Fecal microbiota populations at the beginning and the end of the study were determined by microbiological analysis and 16S rRNA sequencing.
Results: Diabetic animals of both groups exhibited high plasma glucose and low insulin concentrations, as well as characteristic pancreatic lesions. Pistachio supplementation significantly increased lactobacilli and bifidobacteria populations in jejunum, ileum and caecum ( < 0.05) and normalized microbial flora in all examined intestinal regions of diabetic animals. After 4 weeks of supplementation, populations of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli were increased in feces of both healthy and diabetic animals, while enterococci levels were decreased ( < 0.05). Next Generation Sequencing of fecal samples revealed increased and decreased counts ofand, respectively, in healthy animals that received the pistachio diet.OTUs were higher in diabetic animals and increased over time in the pistachio treated groups, along with increased abundance of,andpopulations were elevated in healthy animals administered the pistachio nuts. Of note, relative abundance ofwas higher in healthy than in diabetic rats ( < 0.05).
Conclusion: Dietary pistachio restored normal flora and enhanced the presence of beneficial microbes in the rat model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes.


greenmedinfo--2020-11-09--Dystopian "Great Reset": "Own Nothing and Be Happy", Being Human in 2030


greenmedinfo--2020-11-09--Air pollution as a contributor to the inflammatory activity of multiple sclerosis.

OBJECTIVE : Air pollution has been recently identified as a risk factor for multiple sclerosis .
Aim of this study was to investigate the immunological mechanism underlying the clinical association between air pollution , namely exposure to particulate matter 10 ( PM10 ) , and inflammatory activity of multiple sclerosis ( MS ) METHODS : Daily recording of PM10 was obtained by monitors depending on the residence of subjects .
Expression of molecules involved in activation , adhesion , and migration of T lymphocytes were tested by flow cytometry in 57 MS patients and 19 healthy controls .
We next @ @ @ @ @ @ @ on expression of C-C chemokine receptors 6 ( CCR6 ) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMCs ) , on cytokine production by monocyte-derived dendritic cells ( mdDC ) , and on T cell polarization in PBMC/mdDC mixed cultures .
RESULTS : We identified a significant correlation between mean PM10 levels and expression of CCR6 CD4+ T circulating cells in MS patients .
This was paralleled by the observation in vitro of a higher level of CCR6 expression on PBMC following treatment with increased doses of particulate matter .
Moreover , in mdDC @ @ @ @ @ @ @ by mdDC of Th17 polarizing IL1 beta , IL6 , and IL23 and , in mdDC/PBMC mixed cultures , enhanced generation of IL17-producing T cells .
CONCLUSIONS : Ex vivo and in vitro studies support the pro-inflammatory role of PM in MS , by upregulating expression of CCR6 on circulating CD4+ T cells and inducing in innate immune cells the production of Th17 polarizing cytokines .
Therefore , we speculate that in MS respiratory exposure to PM10 may induce the production in the lung of autoreactive Th17 lymphocytes and boost their migratory properties @ @ @ @ @

OBJECTIVE: Air pollution has been recently identified as a risk factor for multiple sclerosis. Aim of this study was to investigate the immunological mechanism underlying the clinical association between air pollution, namely exposure to particulate matter 10 (PM10), and inflammatory activity of multiple sclerosis (MS) METHODS: Daily recording of PM10 was obtained by monitors depending on the residence of subjects. Expression of molecules involved in activation, adhesion, and migration of T lymphocytes were tested by flow cytometry in 57 MS patients and 19 healthy controls. We next assessed in vitro the effect of PM10 on expression of C-C chemokine receptors 6 (CCR6) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), on cytokine production by monocyte-derived dendritic cells (mdDC), and on T cell polarization in PBMC/mdDC mixed cultures.
RESULTS: We identified a significant correlation between mean PM10 levels and expression of CCR6 CD4+ T circulating cells in MS patients. This was paralleled by the observation in vitro of a higher level of CCR6 expression on PBMC following treatment with increased doses of particulate matter. Moreover, in mdDC cultures, particulate matter induced the secretion by mdDC of Th17 polarizing IL1 beta, IL6, and IL23 and, in mdDC/PBMC mixed cultures, enhanced generation of IL17-producing T cells.
CONCLUSIONS: Ex vivo and in vitro studies support the pro-inflammatory role of PM in MS, by upregulating expression of CCR6 on circulating CD4+ T cells and inducing in innate immune cells the production of Th17 polarizing cytokines. Therefore, we speculate that in MS respiratory exposure to PM10 may induce the production in the lung of autoreactive Th17 lymphocytes and boost their migratory properties through the blood-brain barrier.


greenmedinfo--2020-11-09--This proposed therapy could prove important to people of color who have higher COVID-19 mortality ra

SARS-CoV-2 pneumonitis can quickly strike to incapacitate the lung , leading to severe disease and sometimes death .
In this @ @ @ @ @ vitamin D deficiency and the failure to activate the vitamin D receptor ( VDR ) @ @ @ @ @ by igniting a wounding response in stellate cells of the lung .
The FDA-approved injectable @ @ @ @ @ , suppresses stellate cell-derived murine hepatic and pancreatic pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic changes .
Therefore , @ @ @ @ @ program in the pulmonary stellate cells of COVID-19 patients and propose repurposing paricalcitol infusion therapy @ @ @ @ @ storm .
This proposed therapy could prove important to people of color who have higher @ @ @ @ @ vitamin D levels .

SARS-CoV-2 pneumonitis can quickly strike to incapacitate the lung, leading to severe disease and sometimes death. In this perspective, we suggest that vitamin D deficiency and the failure to activate the vitamin D receptor (VDR) can aggravate this respiratory syndrome by igniting a wounding response in stellate cells of the lung. The FDA-approved injectable vitamin D analog, paricalcitol, suppresses stellate cell-derived murine hepatic and pancreatic pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic changes. Therefore, we suggest a possible parallel program in the pulmonary stellate cells of COVID-19 patients and propose repurposing paricalcitol infusion therapy to restrain the COVID-19 cytokine storm. This proposed therapy could prove important to people of color who have higher COVID-19 mortality rates and lower vitamin D levels.


greenmedinfo--2020-11-09--Low serum 25(OH)D levels and major depressive disorder diagnosis predicted an increased vulnerabilit

Low serum 25(OH)D levels and major depressive disorder diagnosis predicted an increased vulnerability to the stressful impact of the COVID-19 outbreak.

BACKGROUND : The COVID-19 pandemic has given rise to stress worldwide , especially in vulnerable people like those suffering from mental illness .
This study aims to investigate the psychological distress perceived by a cohort of patients with Major Depressive Disorder ( MDD ) or Bipolar Disorder ( BD ) after a seven-week period of lockdown measures , and to analyze serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [ 25 ( OH ) D ] levels as a potential predictor of distress severity .
METHODS : Fifty-nine remitted MDD and fifty-three euthymic BD patients were enrolled .
An online dedicated survey was administered to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ related distress by using the Kessler 10 Psychological Distress Scale ( K10 ) .
Patients ' medical records were reviewed to collect sociodemographic and clinical data , including serum 25 ( OH ) D levels dosed in the three months preceding the outbreak .
A multivariate general linear model was adopted to test the effect of factors of interest on psychological distress .
RESULTS : In our sample ( n = 112 ) , 29 subjects ( 25.9 % ) reported no likelihood of psychological distress , whereas 35 ( 31.2 % ) @ @ @ @ @ @ @ mild and moderate-to-severe likelihood of psychological distress , respectively .
Low serum 25 ( OH ) D levels ( p = 0.005 ) and MDD diagnosis ( p = 0.001 ) specifically predicted the severity of psychological distress .
Living alone during the lockdown , a longer duration of illness , and smoking habits were more frequently detected in subjects with COVID-19 related distress .
CONCLUSIONS : Low serum 25 ( OH ) D levels and MDD diagnosis predicted an increased vulnerability to the stressful impact of the COVID-19 outbreak .
Our results @ @ @ @ @ @ @ biological factor mediating the psychological response to stress in individuals with affective disorders and provide further insight into tailoring intervention strategies .

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has given rise to stress worldwide, especially in vulnerable people like those suffering from mental illness. This study aims to investigate the psychological distress perceived by a cohort of patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) or Bipolar Disorder (BD) after a seven-week period of lockdown measures, and to analyze serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels as a potential predictor of distress severity.
METHODS: Fifty-nine remitted MDD and fifty-three euthymic BD patients were enrolled. An online dedicated survey was administered to obtain lockdown-related information and to evaluate COVID-19 related distress by using the Kessler 10 Psychological Distress Scale (K10). Patients' medical records were reviewed to collect sociodemographic and clinical data, including serum 25(OH)D levels dosed in the three months preceding the outbreak. A multivariate general linear model was adopted to test the effect of factors of interest on psychological distress.
RESULTS: In our sample (n = 112), 29 subjects (25.9 %) reported no likelihood of psychological distress, whereas 35 (31.2 %) and 48 (42.9 %) displayed mild and moderate-to-severe likelihood of psychological distress, respectively. Low serum 25(OH)D levels (p = 0.005) and MDD diagnosis (p = 0.001) specifically predicted the severity of psychological distress. Living alone during the lockdown, a longer duration of illness, and smoking habits were more frequently detected in subjects with COVID-19 related distress.
CONCLUSIONS: Low serum 25(OH)D levels and MDD diagnosis predicted an increased vulnerability to the stressful impact of the COVID-19 outbreak. Our results suggest that vitamin D may represent a biological factor mediating the psychological response to stress in individuals with affective disorders and provide further insight into tailoring intervention strategies.


greenmedinfo--2020-11-09--Interaction between age and vitamin D deficiency in severe COVID-19 infection.

Background : coronavirus disease 2019 ( COVID-19 ) can induce an exaggerated inflammatory response .
Vitamin D is a key modulator of the immune system .
We hypothesized that vitamin D deficiency ( VDD ) could increase the risk of developing severe COVID-19 infection .
Methods : patients with confirmed COVID-19 seen at the emergency department of our hospital with recent measurements of 25 ( OH ) D were recruited .
We explored the association of vitamin D deficiency ( VDD ) , defined as 25-hydroxyvitamin D < 20 ng/mL , with a composite of adverse clinical outcomes .
Results @ @ @ @ @ @ @ which 31 ( 39 % ) presented the endpoint .
VDD tended to predict an increased risk of developing severe COVID-19 after adjusting for age , gender , obesity , cardiac disease , and kidney disease [ OR 3.2 ( 95 % CI : 0.9-11.4 ) , p = 0.07 ] .
Age had a negative interaction with the effect of VDD on the composite outcome ( p = 0.03 ) , indicating that the effect was more noticeable at younger ages .
Furthermore , male gender was associated with VDD and with @ @ @ @ @ @ @ : in this retrospective study , vitamin D deficiency showed a signal of association with severe COVID-19 infection .
A significant interaction with age was noted , suggesting VDD may have a greater impact in younger patients .
These findings should be confirmed in larger , prospective , adequately powered studies .

Background: coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can induce an exaggerated inflammatory response. Vitamin D is a key modulator of the immune system. We hypothesized that vitamin D deficiency (VDD) could increase the risk of developing severe COVID-19 infection. Methods: patients with confirmed COVID-19 seen at the emergency department of our hospital with recent measurements of 25(OH)D were recruited. We explored the association of vitamin D deficiency (VDD), defined as 25-hydroxyvitamin D<20 ng/mL, with a composite of adverse clinical outcomes. Results: we included 80 patients, of which 31 (39 %) presented the endpoint. VDD tended to predict an increased risk of developing severe COVID-19 after adjusting for age, gender, obesity, cardiac disease, and kidney disease [OR 3.2 (95 % CI: 0.9-11.4), p = 0.07]. Age had a negative interaction with the effect of VDD on the composite outcome (p = 0.03), indicating that the effect was more noticeable at younger ages. Furthermore, male gender was associated with VDD and with severe COVID-19 at younger ages. Conclusions: in this retrospective study, vitamin D deficiency showed a signal of association with severe COVID-19 infection. A significant interaction with age was noted, suggesting VDD may have a greater impact in younger patients. These findings should be confirmed in larger, prospective, adequately powered studies.


greenmedinfo--2020-11-09--This pilot study found low serum levels of vitamin C and vitamin D in most of our critically ill COV

This pilot study found low serum levels of vitamin C and vitamin D in most of our critically ill COVID-19 ICU patients.

Background : The COVID-19 pandemic has placed an enormous and growing burden on the population and health infrastructure , warranting innovative ways to mitigate risk of contracting and developing severe forms of this disease .
A growing body of literature raises the issue of vitamin C and vitamin D as a risk-assessment tool , and therapeutic option , in COVID-19 .
Objective : The objective of this pilot study was to measure serum vitamin C and vitamin D levels in a cohort of patients with critical COVID-19 illness in our community hospital ICU , correlate with other illness risk factors @ @ @ @ @ @ @ smoking status ) , generate hypotheses , and suggest further therapeutic intervention studies .
Method : This pilot study included all 21 critically ill COVID-19 patients hospitalized in May 2020 in the ICU of North Suburban Medical Center , Thornton , Colorado , in whose care the principal investigator ( C.A . )
was involved .
We measured patients ' serum vitamin C and vitamin D levels , and standard risk factors like age , BMI , HbA1c , and smoking status .
Variables in this study were gauged using descriptive statistics .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ patients ( 15 males and 6 females , 17 Hispanic and 4 Caucasian , of median age 61 years , range 20-94 ) , there were 11 survivors.Serum levels of vitamin C and vitamin D were low in most of our critically ill COVID-19 ICU patients.Older age and low vitamin C level appeared co-dependent risk factors for mortality from COVID-19 in our sample.Insulin resistance and obesity were prevalent in our small cohort , but smoking was not .
Conclusion : Our pilot study found low serum levels of vitamin C and vitamin D @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ICU patients .
Older age and low vitamin C level appeared co-dependent risk factors for mortality .
Many were also insulin-resistant or diabetic , overweight or obese , known as independent risk factors for low vitamin C and vitamin D levels , and for COVID-19.These findings suggest the need to further explore whether caring for COVID-19 patients ought to routinely include measuring and correcting serum vitamin C and vitamin D levels , and whether treating critically ill COVID-19 warrants acute parenteral vitamin C and vitamin D replacement .

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has placed an enormous and growing burden on the population and health infrastructure, warranting innovative ways to mitigate risk of contracting and developing severe forms of this disease. A growing body of literature raises the issue of vitamin C and vitamin D as a risk-assessment tool, and therapeutic option, in COVID-19.
Objective: The objective of this pilot study was to measure serum vitamin C and vitamin D levels in a cohort of patients with critical COVID-19 illness in our community hospital ICU, correlate with other illness risk factors (age, BMI, HgbA1c, smoking status), generate hypotheses, and suggest further therapeutic intervention studies.
Method: This pilot study included all 21 critically ill COVID-19 patients hospitalized in May 2020 in the ICU of North Suburban Medical Center, Thornton, Colorado, in whose care the principal investigator (C.A.) was involved. We measured patients' serum vitamin C and vitamin D levels, and standard risk factors like age, BMI, HbA1c, and smoking status. Variables in this study were gauged using descriptive statistics.
Results: Of 21 critically ill COVID-19 patients (15 males and 6 females, 17 Hispanic and 4 Caucasian, of median age 61 years, range 20-94), there were 11 survivors.Serum levels of vitamin C and vitamin D were low in most of our critically ill COVID-19 ICU patients.Older age and low vitamin C level appeared co-dependent risk factors for mortality from COVID-19 in our sample.Insulin resistance and obesity were prevalent in our small cohort, but smoking was not.
Conclusion: Our pilot study found low serum levels of vitamin C and vitamin D in most of our critically ill COVID-19 ICU patients. Older age and low vitamin C level appeared co-dependent risk factors for mortality. Many were also insulin-resistant or diabetic, overweight or obese, known as independent risk factors for low vitamin C and vitamin D levels, and for COVID-19.These findings suggest the need to further explore whether caring for COVID-19 patients ought to routinely include measuring and correcting serum vitamin C and vitamin D levels, and whether treating critically ill COVID-19 warrants acute parenteral vitamin C and vitamin D replacement.


greenmedinfo--2020-11-09--Immune modulatory effects of vitamin D on viral infections.

Viral infections have been a cause of mortality for several centuries and continue to endanger the lives of many , specifically of the younger population .
Vitamin D has long been recognized as a crucial element to the skeletal system in the human body .
Recent evidence has indicated that vitamin D also plays an essential role in the immune response against viral infections and suggested that vitamin D deficiency increases susceptibility to viral infections as well as the risk of recurrent infections .
For instance , low serum vitamin D levels were linked to increased occurrence of high burdens @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , Covid-19 , and AIDS .
As immune cells in infected patients are responsive to the ameliorative effects of vitamin D , the beneficial effects of supplementing vitamin D-deficient individuals with an infectious disease may extend beyond the impact on bone and calcium homeostasis .
Even though numerous studies have highlighted the effect of vitamin D on the immune cells , vitamin D 's antiviral mechanism has not been fully established .
This paper reviews the recent mechanisms by which vitamin D regulates the immune system , both innate and adaptive systems , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ vitamin D levels and viral infections .

Viral infections have been a cause of mortality for several centuries and continue to endanger the lives of many, specifically of the younger population. Vitamin D has long been recognized as a crucial element to the skeletal system in the human body. Recent evidence has indicated that vitamin D also plays an essential role in the immune response against viral infections and suggested that vitamin D deficiency increases susceptibility to viral infections as well as the risk of recurrent infections. For instance, low serum vitamin D levels were linked to increased occurrence of high burdens viral diseases such as hepatitis, influenza, Covid-19, and AIDS. As immune cells in infected patients are responsive to the ameliorative effects of vitamin D, the beneficial effects of supplementing vitamin D-deficient individuals with an infectious disease may extend beyond the impact on bone and calcium homeostasis. Even though numerous studies have highlighted the effect of vitamin D on the immune cells, vitamin D's antiviral mechanism has not been fully established. This paper reviews the recent mechanisms by which vitamin D regulates the immune system, both innate and adaptive systems, and reflects on the link between serum vitamin D levels and viral infections.


greenmedinfo--2020-11-09--Implications of oxidative stress and potential role of mitochondrial dysfunction in COVID-19: Therap

Implications of oxidative stress and potential role of mitochondrial dysfunction in COVID-19: Therapeutic effects of vitamin D.

Due to its high degree of contagiousness and like almost no other virus , SARS-CoV-2 has put the health of the world population on alert .
COVID-19 can provoke an acute inflammatory process and uncontrolled oxidative stress , which predisposes one to respiratory syndrome , and in the worst case , death .
Recent evidence suggests the mechanistic role of mitochondria and vitamin D in the development of COVID-19 .
Indeed , mitochondrial dynamics contribute to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis , and its uncoupling involves pathological situations .
SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with altered mitochondrial dynamics with consequent oxidative @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , and cell death .
Furthermore , vitamin D deficiency seems to be associated with increased COVID-19 risk .
In contrast , vitamin D can normalize mitochondrial dynamics , which would improve oxidative stress , pro-inflammatory state , and cytokine production .
Furthermore , vitamin D reduces renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation and , consequently , decreases ROS generation and improves the prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection .
Thus , the purpose of this review is to deepen the knowledge about the role of mitochondria and vitamin D directly involved in the regulation of oxidative stress @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
As future prospects , evidence suggests enhancing the vitamin D levels of the world population , especially of those individuals with additional risk factors that predispose to the lethal consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection .

Due to its high degree of contagiousness and like almost no other virus, SARS-CoV-2 has put the health of the world population on alert. COVID-19 can provoke an acute inflammatory process and uncontrolled oxidative stress, which predisposes one to respiratory syndrome, and in the worst case, death. Recent evidence suggests the mechanistic role of mitochondria and vitamin D in the development of COVID-19. Indeed, mitochondrial dynamics contribute to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis, and its uncoupling involves pathological situations. SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with altered mitochondrial dynamics with consequent oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory state, cytokine production, and cell death. Furthermore, vitamin D deficiency seems to be associated with increased COVID-19 risk. In contrast, vitamin D can normalize mitochondrial dynamics, which would improve oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory state, and cytokine production. Furthermore, vitamin D reduces renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation and, consequently, decreases ROS generation and improves the prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Thus, the purpose of this review is to deepen the knowledge about the role of mitochondria and vitamin D directly involved in the regulation of oxidative stress and the inflammatory state in SARS-CoV-2 infection. As future prospects, evidence suggests enhancing the vitamin D levels of the world population, especially of those individuals with additional risk factors that predispose to the lethal consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection.