greenmedinfo--2020-07-19--Mud therapy combined with core exercise is effective in relieving pain and improving motor function

Mud therapy combined with core exercise is effective in relieving pain and improving motor function in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain.

Background : Low back pain ( LBP ) is common in the elderly and an appropriate intervention for LBP management should be investigated .
The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of mud-heat intervention combined with core exercise as an alternative intervention for relieving pain and improving motor function in individuals with nonspecific chronic LBP .
Methods : Thirty-one individuals with chronic nonspecific LBP were randomly allocated to either the intervention group ( = 16 ) or the control group ( = 15 ) .
The intervention group used a mud pack for 30 min and performed @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a day for 4 days ( 8 sessions ) .
The control group performed the core-exercise program only , at the same time point as the intervention group .
Pain intensity was assessed using a 100 mm visual analog scale and a pain pressure threshold ( PPT ) as the primary outcomes .
The secondary outcome measures included functional disability by LBP ( Oswestry Disability Index ) , muscle properties , and static/dynamic balance .
Results : There was a significant group difference in pain intensity at rest ( =0.048 ) and in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ( 2 cm lateral to L3 spinous process , =0.045 ; 2 cm lateral to L5 spinous process , =0.015 ) .
No group differences were found in terms of muscle properties .
Compared to core exercise only , moor-heat therapy and core exercise showed a significant improvement in static balance ( =0.026 ) and dynamic balance ( =0.019 ) .
Conclusion : Mud therapy combined with core exercise is effective in relieving pain and improving motor function in patients with chronic nonspecific LBP .
Further research is needed to underpin these preliminary @ @

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is common in the elderly and an appropriate intervention for LBP management should be investigated. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of mud-heat intervention combined with core exercise as an alternative intervention for relieving pain and improving motor function in individuals with nonspecific chronic LBP.
Methods: Thirty-one individuals with chronic nonspecific LBP were randomly allocated to either the intervention group ( = 16) or the control group ( = 15). The intervention group used a mud pack for 30 min and performed a core-exercise program for 50 min twice a day for 4 days (8 sessions). The control group performed the core-exercise program only, at the same time point as the intervention group. Pain intensity was assessed using a 100 mm visual analog scale and a pain pressure threshold (PPT) as the primary outcomes. The secondary outcome measures included functional disability by LBP (Oswestry Disability Index), muscle properties, and static/dynamic balance.
Results: There was a significant group difference in pain intensity at rest (=0.048) and in the PPT at the two sites assessed (2 cm lateral to L3 spinous process,=0.045; 2 cm lateral to L5 spinous process,=0.015). No group differences were found in terms of muscle properties. Compared to core exercise only, moor-heat therapy and core exercise showed a significant improvement in static balance (=0.026) and dynamic balance (=0.019).
Conclusion: Mud therapy combined with core exercise is effective in relieving pain and improving motor function in patients with chronic nonspecific LBP. Further research is needed to underpin these preliminary results.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-19--Yoga as an alternative therapy for weight management in child and adolescent obesity.

Background : Obesity remains among one of the greatest health care threats facing today 's children and adolescents .
Yoga has gained increased popularity in the United States and appears as a promising way to assist with weight loss and management in adults .
However , research examining yoga programs targeting weight loss for children or adolescents are relatively scarce .
Objective : The current study provided a systematic review of yoga-based interventions targeting weight loss among overweight or obese children and adolescents .
Methodology : The authors conducted a systematic review of articles obtained from Alt HealthWatch , CINAHL @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of Science databases .
Inclusion criteria were studies employed yoga as a primary component , targeted overweight or obese children or adolescents , measured body weight or BMI as an outcome , utilized any type of study design , and published in peer-reviewed journals in English language .
Results : A total of nine studies met the inclusion criteria .
Most studies were conducted in the United States ( n = 5 ) , and implemented in the school setting ( n = 5 ) .
Among studies reviewed , three were randomized @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the attrition rates approaching 50 % .
A majority of the interventions were able to facilitate weight loss and relevant behaviors .
Conclusion : The impact of yoga interventions on child and adolescent obesity was small but meaningful .
Some of the limitations include small sample sizes , lack of follow-up assessment after posttest , lack of control groups , lack of utilization of behavioral theories , and lack of intervention targeting disadvantaged populations .
Future interventions utilizing randomized controlled trials with large sample sizes are needed to assess the impact of yoga @ @ @ @ @ @

Background: Obesity remains among one of the greatest health care threats facing today's children and adolescents. Yoga has gained increased popularity in the United States and appears as a promising way to assist with weight loss and management in adults. However, research examining yoga programs targeting weight loss for children or adolescents are relatively scarce.
Objective: The current study provided a systematic review of yoga-based interventions targeting weight loss among overweight or obese children and adolescents.
Methodology: The authors conducted a systematic review of articles obtained from Alt HealthWatch, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. Inclusion criteria were studies employed yoga as a primary component, targeted overweight or obese children or adolescents, measured body weight or BMI as an outcome, utilized any type of study design, and published in peer-reviewed journals in English language.
Results: A total of nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Most studies were conducted in the United States (n = 5), and implemented in the school setting (n = 5). Among studies reviewed, three were randomized controlled trials, and two were with the attrition rates approaching 50%. A majority of the interventions were able to facilitate weight loss and relevant behaviors.
Conclusion: The impact of yoga interventions on child and adolescent obesity was small but meaningful. Some of the limitations include small sample sizes, lack of follow-up assessment after posttest, lack of control groups, lack of utilization of behavioral theories, and lack of intervention targeting disadvantaged populations. Future interventions utilizing randomized controlled trials with large sample sizes are needed to assess the impact of yoga on child and adolescent obesity.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-19--Quercetin alleviates rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting neutrophil inflammatory activities.

Rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) is a prototypical autoimmune disorder mainly characterized by joint inflammation and cartilage destruction .
Neutrophils @ @ @ @ @ initiation and progression of RA .
Neutrophils express inflammatory mediators , including cytokines and chemokines @ @ @ @ @ extracellular traps ( NETs ) has been demonstrated in the pathogenesis of RA .
Thus @ @ @ @ @ important therapeutic targets in RA treatment .
Quercetin is one of the major flavonoids found @ @ @ @ @ Previous studies have demonstrated that quercetin is a potential agent for the treatment of RA @ @ @ @ @ antiarthritic mechanism of quercetin has not been investigated clearly .
In this study , we @ @ @ @ @ quercetin for RA .
Our results showed that quercetin ameliorates inflammation in RA mice by @ @ @ @ @ inhibited neutrophil infiltration and reduced the plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines .
Quercetin promoted the @ @ @ @ @ In addition , quercetin inhibited NET formation by suppressing autophagy .
These findings suggest that @ @ @ @ @ agent for the treatment of RA by inhibiting neutrophil activities .

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prototypical autoimmune disorder mainly characterized by joint inflammation and cartilage destruction. Neutrophils actively take part in the initiation and progression of RA. Neutrophils express inflammatory mediators, including cytokines and chemokines. Aberrant formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) has been demonstrated in the pathogenesis of RA. Thus, neutrophils are regarded as important therapeutic targets in RA treatment. Quercetin is one of the major flavonoids found in fruits and vegetables. Previous studies have demonstrated that quercetin is a potential agent for the treatment of RA. However, the underlying antiarthritic mechanism of quercetin has not been investigated clearly. In this study, we analyzed the therapeutic mechanism of quercetin for RA. Our results showed that quercetin ameliorates inflammation in RA mice by inhibiting neutrophil activities. Quercetin inhibited neutrophil infiltration and reduced the plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines. Quercetin promoted the apoptosis of activated neutrophils. In addition, quercetin inhibited NET formation by suppressing autophagy. These findings suggest that quercetin may be an alternative agent for the treatment of RA by inhibiting neutrophil activities.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-19--Wogonin induces cellular senescence in breast cancer via suppressing TXNRD2 expression.

Cellular senescence contributes to tumor regression through both cell autonomous and non-autonomous mechanisms .
Drugs inducing cancer cell senescence and modulating senescence-associated secretory phenotype ( SASP ) render advantage to the cancer treatment .
Breast cancer remains the second most cause of female cancer mortality , among which triple-negative breast cancer ( TNBC ) has a more aggressive clinical course .
Our study showed that in TNBC cell lines including MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 cells , moderate concentrations of wogonin ( 5 , 7-dihydroxy-8-methoxy-2-phenyl-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one ) ( 50-100 μM ) not only induced permanent proliferation inhibition , but also increased P16 expression @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and SASP , which are the typical characteristics of cellular senescence .
Moreover , results showed that wogonin-induced senescence was partially attributed to the reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) accumulation upon wogonin treatment in MDA-MB-231 cells , since elimination of ROS by N-acetylcysteine ( NAC ) was able to repress wogonin-induced β-galactosidase activity .
Mechanistically , wogonin reduced the expression of TXNRD2 , an important antioxidant enzyme in controlling the levels of cellular ROS , by altering the histone acetylation at its regulatory region .
In addition , senescent MDA-MB-231 cells induced @ @ @ @ @ @ @ STAT3 , which were recognized as regulators of SASP .
SASP from these senescent cells suppressed tumor cell growth , promoted macrophage M1 polarization in vitro and increased immune cell infiltration in xenografted tumors in vivo .
These results reveal another mechanism for the anti-breast cancer activity of wogonin by inducing cellular senescence , which suppresses tumor progression both autonomously and non-autonomously .

Cellular senescence contributes to tumor regression through both cell autonomous and non-autonomous mechanisms. Drugs inducing cancer cell senescence and modulating senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) render advantage to the cancer treatment. Breast cancer remains the second most cause of female cancer mortality, among which triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a more aggressive clinical course. Our study showed that in TNBC cell lines including MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 cells, moderate concentrations of wogonin (5, 7-dihydroxy-8-methoxy-2-phenyl-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one) (50-100 μM) not only induced permanent proliferation inhibition, but also increased P16 expression, β-galactosidase activity, senescence-associated heterochromatin foci and SASP, which are the typical characteristics of cellular senescence. Moreover, results showed that wogonin-induced senescence was partially attributed to the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation upon wogonin treatment in MDA-MB-231 cells, since elimination of ROS by N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was able to repress wogonin-induced β-galactosidase activity. Mechanistically, wogonin reduced the expression of TXNRD2, an important antioxidant enzyme in controlling the levels of cellular ROS, by altering the histone acetylation at its regulatory region. In addition, senescent MDA-MB-231 cells induced by wogonin exhibited activated NF-κB and suppressed STAT3, which were recognized as regulators of SASP. SASP from these senescent cells suppressed tumor cell growth, promoted macrophage M1 polarization in vitro and increased immune cell infiltration in xenografted tumors in vivo. These results reveal another mechanism for the anti-breast cancer activity of wogonin by inducing cellular senescence, which suppresses tumor progression both autonomously and non-autonomously.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-19--Vitamin C: A review on its role in the management of metabolic syndrome.

Oxidative stress and inflammation are two interlinked events that exist simultaneously in metabolic syndrome ( MetS ) and its related @ @ @ @ @ can be easily triggered by each other .
This review summarizes the current evidence from @ @ @ @ @ the effects of vitamin C in managing MetS.studies showed promising effects of vitamin C , @ @ @ @ @ used were in combination with other compounds .
The direct effects of vitamin C remain @ @ @ @ @ humans , the current state of evidence revealed that lower vitamin C intake and circulating @ @ @ @ @ subjects .
A negative relationship was observed between vitamin C intake / concentration and the @ @ @ @ @ supplementation of vitamin C also improved MetS conditions .
It has been postulated that the @ @ @ @ @ may be in part mediated through its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties .
These observations suggest @ @ @ @ @ to have an adequate intake of vitamin C through food , beverages or supplements in @ @ @ @ @ in the systemic circulation and potentially reverse MetS .

Oxidative stress and inflammation are two interlinked events that exist simultaneously in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its related complications. These pathophysiological processes can be easily triggered by each other. This review summarizes the current evidence from animal and human studies on the effects of vitamin C in managing MetS.studies showed promising effects of vitamin C, but most of the interventions used were in combination with other compounds. The direct effects of vitamin C remain to be elucidated. In humans, the current state of evidence revealed that lower vitamin C intake and circulating concentration were found in MetS subjects. A negative relationship was observed between vitamin C intake / concentration and the risk of MetS. Oral supplementation of vitamin C also improved MetS conditions. It has been postulated that the positive outcomes of vitamin C may be in part mediated through its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. These observations suggest the importance of MetS patients to have an adequate intake of vitamin C through food, beverages or supplements in order to maintain its concentration in the systemic circulation and potentially reverse MetS.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-19--Honey against radiation induced oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients.

: Backround : Oral mucositis ( OM ) consists a major side effect of radiotherapy ( RT ) in head and neck ( H-N ) cancer patients and natural honey is gaining more and more scientific interest thanks to its beneficial effects in tissue repair .
OBJECTIVE : The aim of this review is to better clarify the preventive/therapeutic role of honey in the management of OM in patients with H-N cancer undergoing RT with or without chemotherapy ( CT ) .
METHODS : We used the PubMed database to retrieve journal articles and the inclusion criteria were only reviews @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of honey for either the prevention or treatment of OM in H-N cancer patients receiving either RT alone or in combination with CT .
RESULTS : Our search resulted in 92 citations , of which 12 eventually fulfilled the inclusion criteria of our study .
Decreased incidence and severity of OM , extended time of occurrence of mucositis , less weight loss and less treatment interruptions were occasionally documented with conventional honey use in the included reviews and Meta-Analyses .
In contrast to conventional honey , manuka honey proved to be weak in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of included reviews in our search .
CONCLUSION : Conventional honey might constitute a highly promising natural product against OM attracting much scientific interest thanks to its easy accessibility and low financial cost .
Hence , the lack of studies with high evidence requires further advanced research to enhance the existing knowledge about the potential value of honey in radiation induced OM in H-N cancer patients .

: Backround: Oral mucositis (OM) consists a major side effect of radiotherapy (RT) in head and neck (H-N) cancer patients and natural honey is gaining more and more scientific interest thanks to its beneficial effects in tissue repair.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this review is to better clarify the preventive/therapeutic role of honey in the management of OM in patients with H-N cancer undergoing RT with or without chemotherapy (CT).
METHODS: We used the PubMed database to retrieve journal articles and the inclusion criteria were only reviews and MetaAnalyses that illustrated the effective use of honey for either the prevention or treatment of OM in H-N cancer patients receiving either RT alone or in combination with CT.
RESULTS: Our search resulted in 92 citations, of which 12 eventually fulfilled the inclusion criteria of our study. Decreased incidence and severity of OM, extended time of occurrence of mucositis, less weight loss and less treatment interruptions were occasionally documented with conventional honey use in the included reviews and Meta-Analyses. In contrast to conventional honey, manuka honey proved to be weak in improving OM management in the small number of included reviews in our search.
CONCLUSION: Conventional honey might constitute a highly promising natural product against OM attracting much scientific interest thanks to its easy accessibility and low financial cost. Hence, the lack of studies with high evidence requires further advanced research to enhance the existing knowledge about the potential value of honey in radiation induced OM in H-N cancer patients.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-19--Basil essential oil and its nanoemulsion mitigate non alcoholic steatohepatitis in rat model with sp

Basil essential oil and its nanoemulsion mitigate non alcoholic steatohepatitis in rat model with special reference to gut microbiota.

The present research evaluated the protective effect of basil essential oil nanoemulsion ( BNO ) and its parent basil essential oil ( BO ) towards steatohepatitis .
Chemical composition of BO was assessed followed by formulation into different BNOs using the low energy spontaneous emulsification technique .
An ideal formula of BON was selected among the others based on its ultra-fine particle size ( 15.42 nm ) and physical stability at 25-37°C and tested in steatohepatitis rat model along with BO .
Rats were divided into four groups , the first was fed on balanced diet ( C ) , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ high fructose saturated fat diet deficient in choline to induce steatohepatitis , one of such groups served as control steatohepatitis ( SC ) , the other groups received daily oral dose of BO and BNO , respectively .
Microbiota ( Fermicutes and Bacteriodetes ) were counted in colon content and their ratio ( F/B ) was calculated .
Liver fat , plasma lipid profile , plama interlukin-6 , plasma lipopolysaccharides and plasma and colon content of lipocaline were assessed with histopathological examination of liver and colon .
Results showed that the major volatile @ @ @ @ @ @ @ % ) , eugenol ( 5.1 % ) and eucalyptol ( 9.5 % ) .
SC group exhibited significant increase in liver lipids , plasma triglycerides , total cholesterol ( TC ) , low density lipoprotein cholesterol and significant reduction in high density lipoprotein-cholesterol ( HDL-C ) compared to C group .
Significant increase in plasma TC/HDL-C , interlukin-6 , and lipocaline and F/B ratio and lipocaline in colon content were demonstrated in SC group without changes in plasma lipopolysaccharides compared to C. Histopathology of SC group showed liver fatty degeneration and fibroblasts @ @ @ @ @ @ @ mucosal epithelium detachment .
Treatment with either BNO or BO showed improvement compared to SC group .
BNO was superior in reducing F/B ratio , liver lipids and histopathological changes .
BO was more efficient in reducing TC , triglycerides and low density lipoprotein cholesterol .
It is concluded that BO and BNO reduced the progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in rat model .
Gut microbiota in relation to steatohepatitis and related new therapies needs further investigations .

The present research evaluated the protective effect of basil essential oil nanoemulsion (BNO) and its parent basil essential oil (BO) towards steatohepatitis. Chemical composition of BO was assessed followed by formulation into different BNOs using the low energy spontaneous emulsification technique. An ideal formula of BON was selected among the others based on its ultra-fine particle size (15.42 nm) and physical stability at 25-37°C and tested in steatohepatitis rat model along with BO. Rats were divided into four groups, the first was fed on balanced diet (C), and the other groups were maintained on high fructose saturated fat diet deficient in choline to induce steatohepatitis, one of such groups served as control steatohepatitis (SC), the other groups received daily oral dose of BO and BNO, respectively. Microbiota (Fermicutes and Bacteriodetes) were counted in colon content and their ratio (F/B) was calculated. Liver fat, plasma lipid profile, plama interlukin-6, plasma lipopolysaccharides and plasma and colon content of lipocaline were assessed with histopathological examination of liver and colon. Results showed that the major volatile components of BO were linalool (60.9 %), eugenol (5.1 %) and eucalyptol (9.5%). SC group exhibited significant increase in liver lipids, plasma triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol and significant reduction in high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) compared to C group. Significant increase in plasma TC/HDL-C, interlukin-6, and lipocaline and F/B ratio and lipocaline in colon content were demonstrated in SC group without changes in plasma lipopolysaccharides compared to C. Histopathology of SC group showed liver fatty degeneration and fibroblasts activation while the colon demonstrated erosion and mucosal epithelium detachment. Treatment with either BNO or BO showed improvement compared to SC group. BNO was superior in reducing F/B ratio, liver lipids and histopathological changes. BO was more efficient in reducing TC, triglycerides and low density lipoprotein cholesterol. It is concluded that BO and BNO reduced the progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in rat model. Gut microbiota in relation to steatohepatitis and related new therapies needs further investigations.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-19--Balneotherapy for chronic venous insufficiency

BACKGROUND : Chronic venous insufficiency ( CVI ) is a progressive and common disease that affects the superficial and deep venous systems of the lower limbs .
CVI is characterised by valvular incompetence , reflux , venous obstruction , or a combination of these with consequent distal venous hypertension .
Clinical manifestations of CVI include oedema , pain , skin changes , ulcerations and dilated skin veins in the lower limbs .
It can result in a large financial burden on health systems .
There is a wide variety of treatment options or therapies for CVI , ranging from surgery @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Balneotherapy ( treatments involving water ) is a relatively cheap option and potentially efficient way to deliver physical therapy for people with CVI .
OBJECTIVES : To assess the efficacy and safety of balneotherapy for the treatment of people with chronic venous insufficiency ( CVI ) .
SEARCH METHODS : The Cochrane Vascular Information Specialist searched the Cochrane Vascular Specialised Register , CENTRAL , MEDLINE , Embase , AMED and CINAHL databases , the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and the Clinical Trials.gov trials register to August 2018 .
We @ @ @ @ @ @ @ We also checked references , searched citations and contacted study authors to identify additional studies .
SELECTION CRITERIA : We included randomised and quasi-randomised controlled trials comparing balneotherapy with no treatment or other types of treatment for CVI .
We also included studies that used a combination of treatments .
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS : Two review authors independently reviewed studies retrieved by the search strategies .
Both review authors independently assessed selected studies for complete analysis .
We resolved conflicts through discussion .
We attempted to contact trial authors for missing data @ @ @ @ @ @ @ outcomes ( leg ulcer incidence and adverse events ) , we presented the results using odds ratio ( OR ) with 95 % confidence intervals ( CI ) .
For continuous outcomes ( disease severity , health-related quality of life ( HRQoL ) , pain , oedema , skin pigmentation ) , we presented the results as a mean difference ( MD ) with 95 % CI .
MAIN RESULTS : We included seven randomised controlled trials with 891 participants ( outpatients in secondary care ) .
We found no quasi-randomised controlled trials @ @ @ @ @ @ @ evaluated balneotherapy versus no treatment .
One study evaluated balneotherapy versus a phlebotonic drug ( melilotus officinalis ) ( 55 participants ) .
There was a lack of blinding of participants and investigators , imprecision and inconsistency , which downgraded the certainty of the evidence.For the balneotherapy versus no treatment comparison , there probably was no improvement in favour of balneotherapy in disease severity signs and symptom score as assessed using the Venous Clinical Severity Score ( VCSS ) ( MD -1.66 , 95 % CI -4.14 to 0.83 ; 2 studies , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Balneotherapy probably resulted in a moderate improvement in HRQoL as assessed by the Chronic Venous Insufficiency Questionnaire 2 ( CVIQ2 ) at three months ( MD -9.38 , 95 % CI -18.18 to -0.57 ; 2 studies , 149 participants ; moderate-certainty evidence ) , nine months ( MD -10.46 , 95 % CI -11.81 to -9.11 ; 1 study ; 55 participants ; moderate-certainty evidence ) , and 12 months ( MD -4.99 , 95 % CI -9.19 to -0.78 ; 2 studies , 455 participants ; moderate-certainty evidence ) .
There @ @ @ @ @ @ @ balneotherapy and no treatment at six months ( MD -1.64 , 95 % CI -9.18 to 5.89 ; 2 studies , 445 participants ; moderate-certainty evidence ) .
Balneotherapy probably slightly improved pain compared with no treatment ( MD -1.23 , 95 % CI -1.33 to -1.13 ; 1 study ; 390 participants ; moderate-certainty evidence ) .
There was no clear effect related to oedema between the two groups at 24 days ( MD 43.28 mL , 95 % CI -102.74 to 189.30 ; 2 studies , 153 participants ; very-low certainty @ @ @ @ @ @ @ improvement in favour of balneotherapy in the incidence of leg ulcers ( OR 1.69 , 95 % CI 0.82 to 3.48 ; 2 studies , 449 participants ; moderate-certainty evidence ) .
There was probably a reduction in incidence of skin pigmentation changes in favour of balneotherapy at 12 months ( pigmentation index : MD -3.59 , 95 % CI -4.02 to -3.16 ; 1 study ; 59 participants ; low-certainty evidence ) .
The main complications reported included erysipelas ( OR 2.58 , 95 % CI 0.65 to 10.22 ; 2 studies @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , thromboembolic events ( OR 0.35 , 95 % CI 0.09 to 1.42 ; 3 studies , 584 participants ; moderate-certainty evidence ) and palpitations ( OR 0.33 , 95 % CI 0.01 to 8.52 ; 1 study ; 59 participants ; low-certainty evidence ) , with no clear evidence of an increase in reported adverse effects with balneotherapy .
There were no serious adverse events reported in any of the studies.For the balneotherapy versus a phlebotonic drug ( melilotus officinalis ) comparison , we observed no clear difference in pain symptoms ( @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to 2.87 ; 1 study ; 35 participants ; very low-certainty evidence ) and oedema ( OR 0.21 , 95 % CI 0.02 to 2.27 ; 1 study ; 35 participants ; very low-certainty evidence ) .
This single study did not report on the other outcomes of interest .
AUTHORS ' CONCLUSIONS : We identified moderate- to low-certainty evidence that suggests that balneotherapy may result in a moderate improvement in pain , quality of life and skin pigmentation changes and has no clear effect on disease severity signs and symptoms score , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ when compared with no treatment .
For future studies , measurements of outcomes such as disease severity sign and symptom score , quality of life , pain and oedema and choice of time points during follow-up must be standardised for adequate comparison between trials .

BACKGROUND: Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a progressive and common disease that affects the superficial and deep venous systems of the lower limbs. CVI is characterised by valvular incompetence, reflux, venous obstruction, or a combination of these with consequent distal venous hypertension. Clinical manifestations of CVI include oedema, pain, skin changes, ulcerations and dilated skin veins in the lower limbs. It can result in a large financial burden on health systems. There is a wide variety of treatment options or therapies for CVI, ranging from surgery and medication to compression and physiotherapy. Balneotherapy (treatments involving water) is a relatively cheap option and potentially efficient way to deliver physical therapy for people with CVI.
OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy and safety of balneotherapy for the treatment of people with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI).
SEARCH METHODS: The Cochrane Vascular Information Specialist searched the Cochrane Vascular Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, AMED and CINAHL databases, the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and the Clinical Trials.gov trials register to August 2018. We searched the LILACS and IBECS databases. We also checked references, searched citations and contacted study authors to identify additional studies.
SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomised and quasi-randomised controlled trials comparing balneotherapy with no treatment or other types of treatment for CVI. We also included studies that used a combination of treatments.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently reviewed studies retrieved by the search strategies. Both review authors independently assessed selected studies for complete analysis. We resolved conflicts through discussion. We attempted to contact trial authors for missing data, obtaining additional information. For binary outcomes (leg ulcer incidence and adverse events), we presented the results using odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). For continuous outcomes (disease severity, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), pain, oedema, skin pigmentation), we presented the results as a mean difference (MD) with 95% CI.
MAIN RESULTS: We included seven randomised controlled trials with 891 participants (outpatients in secondary care). We found no quasi-randomised controlled trials. Six studies (836 participants) evaluated balneotherapy versus no treatment. One study evaluated balneotherapy versus a phlebotonic drug (melilotus officinalis) (55 participants). There was a lack of blinding of participants and investigators, imprecision and inconsistency, which downgraded the certainty of the evidence.For the balneotherapy versus no treatment comparison, there probably was no improvement in favour of balneotherapy in disease severity signs and symptom score as assessed using the Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS) (MD -1.66, 95% CI -4.14 to 0.83; 2 studies, 484 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). Balneotherapy probably resulted in a moderate improvement in HRQoL as assessed by the Chronic Venous Insufficiency Questionnaire 2 (CVIQ2) at three months (MD -9.38, 95% CI -18.18 to -0.57; 2 studies, 149 participants; moderate-certainty evidence), nine months (MD -10.46, 95% CI -11.81 to -9.11; 1 study; 55 participants; moderate-certainty evidence), and 12 months (MD -4.99, 95% CI -9.19 to -0.78; 2 studies, 455 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). There was no clear difference in HRQoL between balneotherapy and no treatment at six months (MD -1.64, 95% CI -9.18 to 5.89; 2 studies, 445 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). Balneotherapy probably slightly improved pain compared with no treatment (MD -1.23, 95% CI -1.33 to -1.13; 1 study; 390 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). There was no clear effect related to oedema between the two groups at 24 days (MD 43.28 mL, 95% CI -102.74 to 189.30; 2 studies, 153 participants; very-low certainty evidence). There probably was no improvement in favour of balneotherapy in the incidence of leg ulcers (OR 1.69, 95% CI 0.82 to 3.48; 2 studies, 449 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). There was probably a reduction in incidence of skin pigmentation changes in favour of balneotherapy at 12 months (pigmentation index: MD -3.59, 95% CI -4.02 to -3.16; 1 study; 59 participants; low-certainty evidence). The main complications reported included erysipelas (OR 2.58, 95% CI 0.65 to 10.22; 2 studies, 519 participants; moderate-certainty evidence), thromboembolic events (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.09 to 1.42; 3 studies, 584 participants; moderate-certainty evidence) and palpitations (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.01 to 8.52; 1 study; 59 participants; low-certainty evidence), with no clear evidence of an increase in reported adverse effects with balneotherapy. There were no serious adverse events reported in any of the studies.For the balneotherapy versus a phlebotonic drug (melilotus officinalis) comparison, we observed no clear difference in pain symptoms (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.03 to 2.87; 1 study; 35 participants; very low-certainty evidence) and oedema (OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.02 to 2.27; 1 study; 35 participants; very low-certainty evidence). This single study did not report on the other outcomes of interest.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: We identified moderate- to low-certainty evidence that suggests that balneotherapy may result in a moderate improvement in pain, quality of life and skin pigmentation changes and has no clear effect on disease severity signs and symptoms score, adverse effects, leg ulcers and oedema when compared with no treatment. For future studies, measurements of outcomes such as disease severity sign and symptom score, quality of life, pain and oedema and choice of time points during follow-up must be standardised for adequate comparison between trials.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-19--Balneotherapy and modification of risk factors in cardiovascular disease prevention programs.

Cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) is the leading cause of death in the Russian Federation , as in many other countries .
Taking into consideration the observed increase in the spread of risk factors , modern demographic trends ( an increase in the proportion of elderly people ) , and a high economic burden of circulatory system diseases , the search for new forms and effective strategies of prevention is becoming relevant .
OBJECTIVE : To provide the data available in the scientific literature on the effectiveness of the measures to modify risk factors and lifestyle , which are implemented @ @ @ @ @ @ @ non-resort conditions , and to define areas for further investigators in this field .
Investigations evaluating the effectiveness of these measures were sought in the Embase , PubMed , PEDro , Web of Science , eLIBRARY databases in January 2012 to August 2018 .
The analysis included seven trials that showed an improvement of estimated endpoints ( blood pressure , body mass index , lipid profile , physical activity , and morbidity and mortality rates ) .
The generalization of results of the analyzed trials was limited by the high heterogeneity of their @ @ @ @ @ @ @ not allow for a final conclusion on the effectiveness of preventive measures implemented during balneotherapy .
Future research should provide more evidence of the benefits of this approach .
The analysis will be able to take into account the existing experience and to develop a strategy to enhance the effectiveness of cardiovascular disease prevention programs based on high-quality randomized clinical trials .

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the Russian Federation, as in many other countries. Taking into consideration the observed increase in the spread of risk factors, modern demographic trends (an increase in the proportion of elderly people), and a high economic burden of circulatory system diseases, the search for new forms and effective strategies of prevention is becoming relevant. OBJECTIVE: To provide the data available in the scientific literature on the effectiveness of the measures to modify risk factors and lifestyle, which are implemented during balneotherapy under both resort and in non-resort conditions, and to define areas for further investigators in this field. Investigations evaluating the effectiveness of these measures were sought in the Embase, PubMed, PEDro, Web of Science, eLIBRARY databases in January 2012 to August 2018. The analysis included seven trials that showed an improvement of estimated endpoints (blood pressure, body mass index, lipid profile, physical activity, and morbidity and mortality rates). The generalization of results of the analyzed trials was limited by the high heterogeneity of their protocols and methodological quality, which does not allow for a final conclusion on the effectiveness of preventive measures implemented during balneotherapy. Future research should provide more evidence of the benefits of this approach. The analysis will be able to take into account the existing experience and to develop a strategy to enhance the effectiveness of cardiovascular disease prevention programs based on high-quality randomized clinical trials.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-19--Effect of balneotherapy in sulfurous water on an in vivo murine model of osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis ( OA ) is a chronic joint disease that results in progressive cartilage destruction and subsequently joint dysfunction .
Growing evidence indicates beneficial impact of balneological interventions in OA ; however , their mechanisms of action are still unclear .
Here , we evaluate the effect of balneotherapy in sulfurous water in an OA experimental model .
Experimental OA was induced in Wistar rats by transection of the medial collateral ligament and removal of the medial meniscus of the left knee .
Animals were randomized into three groups : non-treated ( control ) and balneotherapy using sulfurous water ( @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ) .
Macroscopic evaluation was performed , as well as evaluation of pain levels and analysis of motor function by rotarod test .
Histopathological changes in articular cartilage and synovium were also evaluated .
The presence of matrix metalloproteinase-13 ( MMP-13 ) and oxidative damage markers was assessed by immunohistochemistry .
Joint destabilization induced joint thickening , loss of joint flexion , and increased levels of pain .
At day 40 , animals from SW group presented lower pain levels than those from control group .
Experimental OA also affected motor function .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ mobility in relation to that in tap water .
Besides , we observed that cartilage deterioration was lower in SW group than in the other two groups .
Likewise , SW group showed reduced levels of MMP-13 in the cartilage .
Conversely , we failed to observe any modulation on synovial inflammation .
Finally , balneotherapy in sulfurous water diminished the presence of oxidative damage markers .
Our results suggest the beneficial effect of balneotherapy in sulfur-rich water on an experimental model of OA , showing a reduced cartilage destruction and oxidative damage @ @ @ @ @ @ @ use of balneotherapy as a non-pharmacological treatment in OA .

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease that results in progressive cartilage destruction and subsequently joint dysfunction. Growing evidence indicates beneficial impact of balneological interventions in OA; however, their mechanisms of action are still unclear. Here, we evaluate the effect of balneotherapy in sulfurous water in an OA experimental model. Experimental OA was induced in Wistar rats by transection of the medial collateral ligament and removal of the medial meniscus of the left knee. Animals were randomized into three groups: non-treated (control) and balneotherapy using sulfurous water (SW) or tap water (TW). Macroscopic evaluation was performed, as well as evaluation of pain levels and analysis of motor function by rotarod test. Histopathological changes in articular cartilage and synovium were also evaluated. The presence of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) and oxidative damage markers was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Joint destabilization induced joint thickening, loss of joint flexion, and increased levels of pain. At day 40, animals from SW group presented lower pain levels than those from control group. Experimental OA also affected motor function. Balneotherapy in sulfur-rich water significantly improved joint mobility in relation to that in tap water. Besides, we observed that cartilage deterioration was lower in SW group than in the other two groups. Likewise, SW group showed reduced levels of MMP-13 in the cartilage. Conversely, we failed to observe any modulation on synovial inflammation. Finally, balneotherapy in sulfurous water diminished the presence of oxidative damage markers. Our results suggest the beneficial effect of balneotherapy in sulfur-rich water on an experimental model of OA, showing a reduced cartilage destruction and oxidative damage. Thus, these findings support the use of balneotherapy as a non-pharmacological treatment in OA.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-19--Benefits of a 3-week outpatient balneotherapy programme on patient-reported outcomes.

BACKGROUND : Analysis of the health profile of participants aged over 65 has been initiated in balneotherapy .
AIMS : @ @ @ @ @ a 3-week outpatient balneotherapy program on patient-reported outcomes .
METHODS : Our sample consisted of @ @ @ @ @ age of the study population was 72.5 years ( ± 5.1 ) and 67 % @ @ @ @ @ .
Symptoms intensity was measured by visual analogue scale , and health-related quality of life @ @ @ @ @ EQ5D questionnaire before and after the program .
Changes of perceived functional status were rated @ @ @ @ @ .
RESULTS : The results indicated a significant increase in the fear of falling and @ @ @ @ @ EQ5D reveals a significant improvement after the program .
The perceived change scores remained stable @ @ @ @ @ CONCLUSIONS : The study indicated significant improvements of HRQL and a decrease of perception of @ @ @ @ @ people participants in a 3-week balneological programme .

BACKGROUND: Analysis of the health profile of participants aged over 65 has been initiated in balneotherapy.
AIMS: To determine the benefits of a 3-week outpatient balneotherapy program on patient-reported outcomes.
METHODS: Our sample consisted of 1471 people. The average age of the study population was 72.5 years (± 5.1) and 67% of the participants were females. Symptoms intensity was measured by visual analogue scale, and health-related quality of life (HRQL) with the EQ5D questionnaire before and after the program. Changes of perceived functional status were rated using a 3-point Likert scale.
RESULTS: The results indicated a significant increase in the fear of falling and a decrease in fatigue. EQ5D reveals a significant improvement after the program. The perceived change scores remained stable, except for anxiety/depression.
CONCLUSIONS: The study indicated significant improvements of HRQL and a decrease of perception of fatigue and anxiety in elderly people participants in a 3-week balneological programme.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-20--Physical exercise as kynurenine pathway modulator in chronic diseases.

Emerging evidence highlights the substantial role of the kynurenine pathway in various physiological systems and pathological conditions .
Physical exercise @ @ @ @ @ the kynurenine pathway in response to both single ( acute ) and multiple ( chronic @ @ @ @ @ In this perspective article , we briefly outline the current knowledge concerning exercise-induced modulations of @ @ @ @ @ underlying mechanisms .
Furthermore , we expose the potential involvement of exercise-induced kynurenine pathway modulations @ @ @ @ @ , through de novo synthesis of NAD ) and finally suggest how these modulations may @ @ @ @ @ the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases .

Emerging evidence highlights the substantial role of the kynurenine pathway in various physiological systems and pathological conditions. Physical exercise has been shown to impact the kynurenine pathway in response to both single (acute) and multiple (chronic) exercise training stimuli. In this perspective article, we briefly outline the current knowledge concerning exercise-induced modulations of the kynurenine pathway and discuss underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, we expose the potential involvement of exercise-induced kynurenine pathway modulations on energy homeostasis (eg, through de novo synthesis of NAD) and finally suggest how these modulations may contribute to exercise-induced benefits in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-20--Green tea has a preventive role in developing of prostate cancer by reducing the number of free radi

Green tea has a preventive role in developing of prostate cancer by reducing the number of free radicals.

Green tea is a main resource for catechins .
Catechins as antioxidant compounds reduce the production of reactive oxygen species and they have a protective role in the development of cancer .
As well as , aerobic exercise change free radicals with two contradictory mechanisms .
Aerobic training promotes excessive production of free radicals resulting in oxidative stress .
In contrast , it increases the total antioxidant capacity .
In this study , effect of aerobic training and hydroalcoholic extract of green tea ( HEGT ) on the pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance ( PAB ) , prostate-specific antigen ( PSA ) and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced prostate cancer was investigated .
A rat model of prostate cancer was induced by hormonal change and N-Nitroso-N-methylurea ( NMU ) .
HEGT 0.1 % and 45 min of aerobic exercise in 5 days a week for eight weeks were scheduled .
The presence of major catechins was approved using GC-MS. Histological study , PAB and PSA levels were used to monitor the preventive role of treatments .
The prostate weights of cancerous rats were significantly higher than healthy controls ( P < 0.05 ) .
The PAB was only significantly higher @ @ @ @ @ @ @ aerobic exercise ( P < 0.05 ) .
The mean of histological score of cancerous tissue was reduced in rat receiving HEGT and both HEGT and aerobic exercise .
The amounts of PSA level did not significantly differ between the groups of this study ( P > 0.05 ) .
Our results provided laboratory and histological documentation for the preventive role of green tea extract in developing prostate cancer via its potential to re-establish the pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance .

Green tea is a main resource for catechins. Catechins as antioxidant compounds reduce the production of reactive oxygen species and they have a protective role in the development of cancer. As well as, aerobic exercise change free radicals with two contradictory mechanisms. Aerobic training promotes excessive production of free radicals resulting in oxidative stress. In contrast, it increases the total antioxidant capacity. In this study, effect of aerobic training and hydroalcoholic extract of green tea (HEGT) on the pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and histopathological score of cancerous tissue in the N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced prostate cancer was investigated. A rat model of prostate cancer was induced by hormonal change and N-Nitroso-N-methylurea (NMU). HEGT 0.1 % and 45 min of aerobic exercise in 5 days a week for eight weeks were scheduled. The presence of major catechins was approved using GC-MS. Histological study, PAB and PSA levels were used to monitor the preventive role of treatments. The prostate weights of cancerous rats were significantly higher than healthy controls (P<0.05). The PAB was only significantly higher in cancerous rats and cancerous rats receiving aerobic exercise (P<0.05). The mean of histological score of cancerous tissue was reduced in rat receiving HEGT and both HEGT and aerobic exercise. The amounts of PSA level did not significantly differ between the groups of this study (P>0.05). Our results provided laboratory and histological documentation for the preventive role of green tea extract in developing prostate cancer via its potential to re-establish the pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-20--Resistance training improves sleep quality, redox balance and inflammatory profile in maintenance he

Resistance training improves sleep quality, redox balance and inflammatory profile in maintenance hemodialysis patients.

Patients in maintenance hemodialisys ( HD ) present sleep disorders , increased inflammation , unbalanced redox profiles , and elevated biomarkers representing endothelial dysfunction .
Resistance training ( RT ) has shown to mitigate the loss of muscle mass , strength , improve inflammatory profiles , and endothelial function while decreasing oxidative stress for those in HD .
However , the relation between those factors and sleep quality are inadequately described .
The aim of this study was to verify the effects of 3 months of RT on sleep quality , redox balance , nitric oxide ( NO ) bioavailability @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ( ADMA ) in patients undergoing HD .
Our primary goal was to describe the role of RT on sleep quality .
Our secondary goal was to evaluate the effect of RT on NO , metabolism markers , and inflammatory and redox profiles as potential mechanisms to explain RT-induced sleep quality changes .
Fifty-five men undergoing maintenance hemodialysis were randomized into either a control ( CTL , n = 25 ) and RT group ( RTG ; n = 30 ) .
Participants in the RT group demonstrated an improvement in sleep pattern @ @ @ @ @ @ @ biomarkers of endothelial function ( NOand ADMA ) .
This group also increased muscle strength ( total workload in RT exercises of upper and lower limbs ) .
These findings support that RT may improve the clinical status of HD patients by improving their sleep quality , oxidative and inflammatory parameters .

Patients in maintenance hemodialisys (HD) present sleep disorders, increased inflammation, unbalanced redox profiles, and elevated biomarkers representing endothelial dysfunction. Resistance training (RT) has shown to mitigate the loss of muscle mass, strength, improve inflammatory profiles, and endothelial function while decreasing oxidative stress for those in HD. However, the relation between those factors and sleep quality are inadequately described. The aim of this study was to verify the effects of 3 months of RT on sleep quality, redox balance, nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, inflammation profile, and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in patients undergoing HD. Our primary goal was to describe the role of RT on sleep quality. Our secondary goal was to evaluate the effect of RT on NO, metabolism markers, and inflammatory and redox profiles as potential mechanisms to explain RT-induced sleep quality changes. Fifty-five men undergoing maintenance hemodialysis were randomized into either a control (CTL, n = 25) and RT group (RTG; n = 30). Participants in the RT group demonstrated an improvement in sleep pattern, redox, inflammatory profiles, and biomarkers of endothelial function (NOand ADMA). This group also increased muscle strength (total workload in RT exercises of upper and lower limbs). These findings support that RT may improve the clinical status of HD patients by improving their sleep quality, oxidative and inflammatory parameters.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-20--Effects of forest bathing on pre-hypertensive and hypertensive adults.

The aim in this literature review was ( 1 ) to explore the physiologically and psychologically therapeutic benefits of forest bathing on adults suffering from pre-hypertension or hypertension , and ( 2 ) to identify the type , duration , and frequency of an effective forest bathing intervention in the management of pre-hypertension and hypertension , so as to provide directions for future interventions or research .
The electronic databases PubMed , Cochrane Library , CINAHL , PsyINFO , and the China Academic Journals ( CAJ ) offered through the Full-text Database ( CNKI ) were searched for relevant studies @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to April 2019 .
Of the 364 articles that were identified , 14 met the criteria for inclusion in this review .
The synthesis of the findings in the included studies revealed that forest bathing interventions were effective at reducing blood pressure , lowering pulse rate , increasing the power of heart rate variability ( HRV ) , improving cardiac-pulmonary parameters , and metabolic function , inducing a positive mood , reducing anxiety levels , and improving the quality of life of pre-hypertensive or hypertensive participants .
Forest walking and forest therapy programs @ @ @ @ @ @ @ interventions .
Studies reported that practicing a single forest walking or forest therapy program can produce short-term physiological and psychological benefits .
It is concluded that forest bathing , particularly forest walking and therapy , has physiologically and psychologically relaxing effects on middle-aged and elderly people with pre-hypertension and hypertension .

The aim in this literature review was (1) to explore the physiologically and psychologically therapeutic benefits of forest bathing on adults suffering from pre-hypertension or hypertension, and (2) to identify the type, duration, and frequency of an effective forest bathing intervention in the management of pre-hypertension and hypertension, so as to provide directions for future interventions or research. The electronic databases PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsyINFO, and the China Academic Journals (CAJ) offered through the Full-text Database (CNKI) were searched for relevant studies published from the inception of the databases to April 2019. Of the 364 articles that were identified, 14 met the criteria for inclusion in this review. The synthesis of the findings in the included studies revealed that forest bathing interventions were effective at reducing blood pressure, lowering pulse rate, increasing the power of heart rate variability (HRV), improving cardiac-pulmonary parameters, and metabolic function, inducing a positive mood, reducing anxiety levels, and improving the quality of life of pre-hypertensive or hypertensive participants. Forest walking and forest therapy programs were the two most effective forest bathing interventions. Studies reported that practicing a single forest walking or forest therapy program can produce short-term physiological and psychological benefits. It is concluded that forest bathing, particularly forest walking and therapy, has physiologically and psychologically relaxing effects on middle-aged and elderly people with pre-hypertension and hypertension.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-20--Cytotoxicity of naringenin induces Bax-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma

Cytotoxicity of naringenin induces Bax-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells.

Naringenin ( NGEN ) , a natural flavonoid has growth inhibition and apoptosis-inducing activities in several cancer cells .
However @ @ @ @ @ NGEN in cell death of lung cancer cells have not been fully defined .
In @ @ @ @ @ human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells with NGEN resulted in time- and dose-dependent decreases in cell @ @ @ @ @ significantly induced apoptosis evidenced by morphological changes , DAPI staining , TUNEL assay and sub-G1 @ @ @ @ @ cells , intensely upregulated Bax and down-regulated Bcl-2 proteins were detected and the Bax protein @ @ @ @ @ was analyzed by subcellular fractionation .
Knockdown of the Bax expression by the shRNA method @ @ @ @ @ NGEN-induced apoptosis .
Treatment with the inhibitors of caspase-3 , -8 , or -9 significantly @ @ @ @ @ Taken together , our results demonstrate that NGEN-induced apoptosis may occur via a Bax-activated mitochondrial @ @ @ @ @ cells .

Naringenin (NGEN), a natural flavonoid has growth inhibition and apoptosis-inducing activities in several cancer cells. However, the cytotoxicity mechanisms of NGEN in cell death of lung cancer cells have not been fully defined. In present study, treatment of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells with NGEN resulted in time- and dose-dependent decreases in cell viability. Moreover, NGEN significantly induced apoptosis evidenced by morphological changes, DAPI staining, TUNEL assay and sub-G1 population increase. In NGEN-treated cells, intensely upregulated Bax and down-regulated Bcl-2 proteins were detected and the Bax protein associated with the mitochondrial membrane was analyzed by subcellular fractionation. Knockdown of the Bax expression by the shRNA method dramatically protected A549 cells against NGEN-induced apoptosis. Treatment with the inhibitors of caspase-3, -8, or -9 significantly reduced NGEN-induced apoptotic deaths. Taken together, our results demonstrate that NGEN-induced apoptosis may occur via a Bax-activated mitochondrial pathway in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-20--Naringenin alleviates cognition deficits in high-fat diet-fed SAMP8 mice.

Naringenin is a natural dihydro flavonoid that is abundant in grapefruit .
Previous studies suggested the cognition protective effect of naringenin in various cognitive deficits models , such as type 2 diabetic rat model and chemicals ( e.g.
, lipopolysaccharide , scopolamine ) treated rodents .
However , the effects of naringenin on aging animals and the potential mechanisms are still unclear .
In this study , we investigated the influence of naringenin administration on learning deficits in aging mice .
High-fat diet-fed SAMP8 mice were employed as an age-related model of Alzheimer 's disease .
Dietary administration of 0.2 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the spatial learning and memory performance of the high-fat diet-fed SAMP8 mice in both Barnes Maze test and Morris Water Maze test .
Further mechanism research indicated that naringenin reduced Aβ production , tau-hyperphosphorylation , oxidative stress , and neuroinflammation in the brain .
This research provides further evidence for the treatment effect of naringenin on Alzheimer 's disease .
PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS : Naringenin , also known as 4',5,7-thrihydroxyflflavanone , is a natural dihydro flavonoid that is abundant in grapefruit and other citrus fruits .
The current study first demonstrated the improvement effect @ @ @ @ @ @ @ SAMP8 mice , an aging mouse model .
Potential mechanisms were also systematically explained by exploring the amyloid-β ( Aβ ) accumulation , tau hyperphosphorylation , oxidative stress , and neuroinflammation in the brain of mice .
This study provides further evidence for the utilization of naringenin as an effective treatment agent for Alzheimer 's disease .

Naringenin is a natural dihydro flavonoid that is abundant in grapefruit. Previous studies suggested the cognition protective effect of naringenin in various cognitive deficits models, such as type 2 diabetic rat model and chemicals (e.g., lipopolysaccharide, scopolamine) treated rodents. However, the effects of naringenin on aging animals and the potential mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, we investigated the influence of naringenin administration on learning deficits in aging mice. High-fat diet-fed SAMP8 mice were employed as an age-related model of Alzheimer's disease. Dietary administration of 0.2% naringenin for 12 weeks significantly improved the spatial learning and memory performance of the high-fat diet-fed SAMP8 mice in both Barnes Maze test and Morris Water Maze test. Further mechanism research indicated that naringenin reduced Aβ production, tau-hyperphosphorylation, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation in the brain. This research provides further evidence for the treatment effect of naringenin on Alzheimer's disease. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Naringenin, also known as 4',5,7-thrihydroxyflflavanone, is a natural dihydro flavonoid that is abundant in grapefruit and other citrus fruits. The current study first demonstrated the improvement effect of naringenin on cognition deficits in HFD-fed SAMP8 mice, an aging mouse model. Potential mechanisms were also systematically explained by exploring the amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation, tau hyperphosphorylation, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation in the brain of mice. This study provides further evidence for the utilization of naringenin as an effective treatment agent for Alzheimer's disease.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-20--Dermal wound healing properties of redox-active grape seed proanthocyanidins.

Angiogenesis plays a central role in wound healing .
Among many known growth factors , vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) is believed to be the most prevalent , efficacious , and long-term signal that is known to stimulate angiogenesis in wounds .
The wound site is rich in oxidants , such as hydrogen peroxide , mostly contributed by neutrophils and macrophages .
We proposed that oxidants in the wound microenvironment support the repair process .
Proanthocyanidins or condensed tannins are a group of biologically active polyphenolic bioflavonoids that are synthesized by many plants .
Previously we have reported @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 5000 ppm resveratrol ( GSPE ) potently upregulates oxidant and tumor necrosis factor-alpha inducible VEGF expression in human keratinocytes ( Free Radic .
Biol .
Med .
31:38-42 , 2001 ) .
Our current objective was to follow up on that finding and test whether GSPE influences dermal wound healing in vivo .
First , using a VEGF promoter-driven luciferase reporter construct we observed that the potentiating effect of GSPE on inducible VEGF expression is at the transcriptional level .
The reporter assay showed that GSPE alone is able to drive VEGF transcription @ @ @ @ @ @ @ were inflicted on the back of mice and the wounds were left to heal by secondary intention .
Topical application of GSPE accelerated wound contraction and closure .
GSPE treatment was associated with a more well-defined hyperproliferative epithelial region , higher cell density , enhanced deposition of connective tissue , and improved histological architecture .
GSPE treatment also increased VEGF and tenascin expression in the wound edge tissue .
Tissue glutathione oxidation and 4-hydroxynonenal immunostaining results supported that GSPE application enhanced the oxidizing environment at the wound site .
Oxidants are known to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ expression .
In summary , our current study provides firm evidence to support that topical application of GSPE represents a feasible and productive approach to support dermal wound healing .

Angiogenesis plays a central role in wound healing. Among many known growth factors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is believed to be the most prevalent, efficacious, and long-term signal that is known to stimulate angiogenesis in wounds. The wound site is rich in oxidants, such as hydrogen peroxide, mostly contributed by neutrophils and macrophages. We proposed that oxidants in the wound microenvironment support the repair process. Proanthocyanidins or condensed tannins are a group of biologically active polyphenolic bioflavonoids that are synthesized by many plants. Previously we have reported that a grape seed proanthycyanidin extract containing 5000 ppm resveratrol (GSPE) potently upregulates oxidant and tumor necrosis factor-alpha inducible VEGF expression in human keratinocytes (Free Radic. Biol. Med. 31:38-42, 2001). Our current objective was to follow up on that finding and test whether GSPE influences dermal wound healing in vivo. First, using a VEGF promoter-driven luciferase reporter construct we observed that the potentiating effect of GSPE on inducible VEGF expression is at the transcriptional level. The reporter assay showed that GSPE alone is able to drive VEGF transcription. Next, two dermal excisional wounds were inflicted on the back of mice and the wounds were left to heal by secondary intention. Topical application of GSPE accelerated wound contraction and closure. GSPE treatment was associated with a more well-defined hyperproliferative epithelial region, higher cell density, enhanced deposition of connective tissue, and improved histological architecture. GSPE treatment also increased VEGF and tenascin expression in the wound edge tissue. Tissue glutathione oxidation and 4-hydroxynonenal immunostaining results supported that GSPE application enhanced the oxidizing environment at the wound site. Oxidants are known to promote both VEGF as well as tenascin expression. In summary, our current study provides firm evidence to support that topical application of GSPE represents a feasible and productive approach to support dermal wound healing.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-20--This study suggests an effect of apple polyphenols and apple anthocyanin Cy3Gal against colon carcin

This study suggests an effect of apple polyphenols and apple anthocyanin Cy3Gal against colon carcinogenesis.

Colorectal cancer ( CRC ) is the fourth cancer with the most new cases reported in 2018 worldwide .
Consumption of fruit and vegetables is a protective factor against the risk of CRC .
Beyond this , flavonoids could orchestrate these healthy effects .
Apart from containing the typical apple flavonoids , red-fleshed apples also contain anthocyanins , mainly cyanidin-3-O-galactoside ( Cy3Gal ) .
Through an azoxymethane rat carcinogenesis model , a study was carried out in order to assess the possible protective effects of apple polyphenols , with special attention to anthocyanins .
In addition , apart from negative @ @ @ @ @ @ @ chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil ( 5FU ) was included to compare their performance against the output collected from the animal treatments with white-fleshed apple ( WF ) , red-fleshed apple ( RF ) and Cy3Gal ( AE ) .
Although the 5FU group presented the best performance towards aberrant crypt foci ( ACF ) inhibition ( 70.1 % ) , rats fed with white-fleshed apples ( 'Golden Smoothee ' ) were able to achieve 41.3 % ACF inhibition , while none of the challenged treatments ( WF , RF and AE ) suffered mucin @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of 17 genes related to CRC were assessed .
In detail , the ACF inhibition phenotype detected in 5FU and WF groups could be explained through the expression changes detected in the apoptosis-related genes of Aurka , p53 and Cox2 .
Moreover , in the apple consumption groups ( WF and RF ) , a reduced protein expression of matrix metalloproteinases with gelatinase activity ( MMP-2 and 9 ) was detected .
Overall , our study suggests an effect of apple polyphenols and apple anthocyanin Cy3Gal against colon carcinogenesis , retarding/diminishing the appearance @ @ @ @ @ @

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth cancer with the most new cases reported in 2018 worldwide. Consumption of fruit and vegetables is a protective factor against the risk of CRC. Beyond this, flavonoids could orchestrate these healthy effects. Apart from containing the typical apple flavonoids, red-fleshed apples also contain anthocyanins, mainly cyanidin-3-O-galactoside (Cy3Gal). Through an azoxymethane rat carcinogenesis model, a study was carried out in order to assess the possible protective effects of apple polyphenols, with special attention to anthocyanins. In addition, apart from negative and positive controls, a group with chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5FU) was included to compare their performance against the output collected from the animal treatments with white-fleshed apple (WF), red-fleshed apple (RF) and Cy3Gal (AE). Although the 5FU group presented the best performance towards aberrant crypt foci (ACF) inhibition (70.1%), rats fed with white-fleshed apples ('Golden Smoothee') were able to achieve 41.3% ACF inhibition, while none of the challenged treatments (WF, RF and AE) suffered mucin depletion in their colonocytes. Expression changes of 17 genes related to CRC were assessed. In detail, the ACF inhibition phenotype detected in 5FU and WF groups could be explained through the expression changes detected in the apoptosis-related genes of Aurka, p53 and Cox2. Moreover, in the apple consumption groups (WF and RF), a reduced protein expression of matrix metalloproteinases with gelatinase activity (MMP-2 and 9) was detected. Overall, our study suggests an effect of apple polyphenols and apple anthocyanin Cy3Gal against colon carcinogenesis, retarding/diminishing the appearance of the precancerous markers studied.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-20--Polyphenol antioxidant treatment may provide an adjunctive action to alleviate pulmonary vascular re

Polyphenol antioxidant treatment may provide an adjunctive action to alleviate pulmonary vascular remodeling.

The endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition ( EndMT ) has been demonstrated to be involved in pulmonary vascular remodeling .
It is partly attributed to oxidative and inflammatory stresses in endothelial cells .
In current study , we conducted a series of experiments to clarify the effect of salvianolic acid A ( SAA ) , a kind of polyphenol compound , in the process of EndMT in human pulmonary arterial endothelial cells and in vivo therapeutic efficacy on vascular remodeling in monocrotaline ( MCT ) -induced EndMT .
EndMT was induced by TGFβ1 in human pulmonary arterial endothelial cells ( HPAECs ) .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ cell migration and reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) formation .
In MCT-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension ( PAH ) model , SAA improved vascular function , decreased TGFβ1 level andinhibited inflammation .
Mechanistically , SAA stimulated Nrf2 translocation and subsequent heme oxygenase-1 ( HO-1 ) up-regulation .
The effect of SAA on EndMT in vitro was abolished by ZnPP , a HO-1 inhibitor .
In conclusion , this study indicates a deleterious impact of oxidative stress on EndMT .
Polyphenol antioxidant treatment may provide an adjunctive action to alleviate pulmonary vascular remodeling via @ @ @

The endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) has been demonstrated to be involved in pulmonary vascular remodeling. It is partly attributed to oxidative and inflammatory stresses in endothelial cells. In current study, we conducted a series of experiments to clarify the effect of salvianolic acid A (SAA), a kind of polyphenol compound, in the process of EndMT in human pulmonary arterial endothelial cells and in vivo therapeutic efficacy on vascular remodeling in monocrotaline (MCT)-induced EndMT. EndMT was induced by TGFβ1 in human pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (HPAECs). SAA significantly attenuated EndMT, simultaneously inhibited cell migration and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. In MCT-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) model, SAA improved vascular function, decreased TGFβ1 level andinhibited inflammation. Mechanistically, SAA stimulated Nrf2 translocation and subsequent heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) up-regulation. The effect of SAA on EndMT in vitro was abolished by ZnPP, a HO-1 inhibitor. In conclusion, this study indicates a deleterious impact of oxidative stress on EndMT. Polyphenol antioxidant treatment may provide an adjunctive action to alleviate pulmonary vascular remodeling via inhibiting EndMT.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-20--Resveratrol induced premature senescence and inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition of cancer c

Resveratrol induced premature senescence and inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition of cancer cells via induction of tumor suppressor Rad9.

Resveratrol ( RSV ) has been reported to influence many biological processes , including the stimulation of cellular senescence and inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition ( EMT ) .
In this research , we explored the mechanisms of RSV on EMT and cellular senescence through the expression of a DNA damage response ( DDR ) protein , Rad9 , in breast and lung cancer cell lines .
Upon treating breast and lung cancer cell lines with RSV at the concentrations of 10-50μM , Rad9 expression was increased at both transcriptional and translational levels .
The results indicated that RSV-induced Rad9 expression @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , can significantly suppress proliferation by activating cellular senescence , and diminishing the expression of EMT markers withconcomitant downregulation of Slug in breast and lung cancer cell lines .
By using a siRNA approach , RSV was shown to mediate cellular senescence and EMT through a Rad9-dependent mechanism .
The treatment with RSV can inhibit the proliferation , EMT , and increase cellular senescence of breast and lungcancer cell lines by activating Rad9 .
Our results suggest that the breast and lung tumor suppressive activities of RSV are , at least in part @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .

Resveratrol (RSV) has been reported to influence many biological processes, including the stimulation of cellular senescence and inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In this research, we explored the mechanisms of RSV on EMT and cellular senescence through the expression of a DNA damage response (DDR) protein, Rad9, in breast and lung cancer cell lines. Upon treating breast and lung cancer cell lines with RSV at the concentrations of 10-50μM, Rad9 expression was increased at both transcriptional and translational levels. The results indicated that RSV-induced Rad9 expression, mediated by DNA damage and ROS, can significantly suppress proliferation by activating cellular senescence, and diminishing the expression of EMT markers withconcomitant downregulation of Slug in breast and lung cancer cell lines. By using a siRNA approach, RSV was shown to mediate cellular senescence and EMT through a Rad9-dependent mechanism. The treatment with RSV can inhibit the proliferation, EMT, and increase cellular senescence of breast and lungcancer cell lines by activating Rad9. Our results suggest that the breast and lung tumor suppressive activities of RSV are, at least in part, mediated by the upregulation of Rad9.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-20--Spa therapy with physical rehabilitation is an alternative to usual spa therapy protocol in symptoma

Spa therapy with physical rehabilitation is an alternative to usual spa therapy protocol in symptomatic knee osteoarthritis.

The objective of the study was to demonstrate the non-inferiority of low-frequency spa therapy combined with rehabilitation ( Spa-rehab ) versus standard spa therapy at 6 months for symptomatic knee osteoarthritis ( KOA ) .
A prospective , randomized , monocenter , non-inferiority trial with recruitment of community-based symptomatic KOA patients was performed .
Standard spa therapy comprised standardized spa treatment , 6 days a week for 3 weeks , and Spa-rehab therapy comprised spa sessions , 3 days a week for 3 weeks , followed by a dedicated rehabilitation program , 3 days a week for 3 weeks .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ months a minimal clinically important improvement ( MCII ) for pain on a visual analog scale and/or an MCII for function on the WOMAC index and no knee surgery ( composite MCII ) .
Secondary endpoints were composite MCII at 3 months and achieving a Patient Acceptable Symptom State ( PASS ) for pain and function at 3 and 6 months .
Among 283 patients included , 145 were allocated to standard spa therapy and 138 to Spa-rehab therapy .
We could not demonstrate the non-inferiority of Spa-rehab therapy for the primary endpoint @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 90 % CI ( - 0.18 to 0.02 ) , p = 0.14 ] .
However , the difference test between the groups was not significant ( p = 0.18 ) .
Spa-rehab therapy was not inferior to standardspa therapy for the composite MCII at 3 months or the PASS at 3 and 6 months .
Spa-rehab therapy can reasonably be proposed to patients with symptomatic KOA .
This protocol may be more cost-effective than standard spa therapy and avoid absenteeism from work and accommodation costs for patients wholive close to a centre @

The objective of the study was to demonstrate the non-inferiority of low-frequency spa therapy combined with rehabilitation (Spa-rehab) versus standard spa therapy at 6 months for symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (KOA). A prospective, randomized, monocenter, non-inferiority trial with recruitment of community-based symptomatic KOA patients was performed. Standard spa therapy comprised standardized spa treatment, 6 days a week for 3 weeks, and Spa-rehab therapy comprised spa sessions, 3 days a week for 3 weeks, followed by a dedicated rehabilitation program, 3 days a week for 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was achieving at 6 months a minimal clinically important improvement (MCII) for pain on a visual analog scale and/or an MCII for function on the WOMAC index and no knee surgery (composite MCII). Secondary endpoints were composite MCII at 3 months and achieving a Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS) for pain and function at 3 and 6 months. Among 283 patients included, 145 were allocated to standard spa therapy and 138 to Spa-rehab therapy. We could not demonstrate the non-inferiority of Spa-rehab therapy for the primary endpoint: difference for responders - 0.08 [90% CI (- 0.18 to 0.02), p = 0.14]. However, the difference test between the groups was not significant (p = 0.18). Spa-rehab therapy was not inferior to standardspa therapy for the composite MCII at 3 months or the PASS at 3 and 6 months. Spa-rehab therapy can reasonably be proposed to patients with symptomatic KOA. This protocol may be more cost-effective than standard spa therapy and avoid absenteeism from work and accommodation costs for patients wholive close to a centre.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-22--Electroacupuncture alleviates Parkinson disease and regulates the expression of brain-gut peptides.

The non-motor symptoms ( NMS ) of Parkinson 's disease ( PD ) are found in more than 90 % of patients with PD .
Here , we explored the effects of electroacupuncture ( EA ) stimulation at Zhong wan ( CV-12 ) , Qihai ( RN-7 ) , Zusanli ( ST-36 ) and Taichong ( LR-3 ) on NMS and brain-gut peptides of PD .
We found that EA intervention alleviated the motor deficit induced by 6-OHDA in rats indicated by the decreased abnormal involuntary movements ( AIMs ) scores and the net number of rotations and increased cylinder @ @ @ @ @ @ @ spatial memory and attenuated anxiety-like and depression of PD model rats .
EA treatment significantly inhibited neuronal apoptosis in PD model animals , as demonstrated by the increased number of TH positive cells and reduced number of apoptotic cells in the substantia nigra .
The expression of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP in PD model rats was markedly suppressed by EA stimulation .
Moreover , EA remarkably inhibited the inflammatory response in PD model rats , as revealed by the decreased levels of TNF-α , IL-1β , and COX-2 mRNA expression .
It @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , as indicated by the increased levels of SOD and GSH and the decreased level of MDA .
EA treatment contributed to alleviating PD by regulating brain-gut peptides in rats , such as NPY , CCK , SST , GAS , and PYY .
In conclusion , EA stimulation at CV-12 , RN-7 , ST-36 , and LR-3 effectively alleviates the NMS of PD partly through regulating the levels of brain-gut peptides .

The non-motor symptoms (NMS) of Parkinson's disease (PD) are found in more than 90% of patients with PD. Here, we explored the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation at Zhong wan (CV-12), Qihai (RN-7), Zusanli (ST-36) and Taichong (LR-3) on NMS and brain-gut peptides of PD. We found that EA intervention alleviated the motor deficit induced by 6-OHDA in rats indicated by the decreased abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) scores and the net number of rotations and increased cylinder test grade. It also improved the spatial memory and attenuated anxiety-like and depression of PD model rats. EA treatment significantly inhibited neuronal apoptosis in PD model animals, as demonstrated by the increased number of TH positive cells and reduced number of apoptotic cells in the substantia nigra. The expression of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP in PD model rats was markedly suppressed by EA stimulation. Moreover, EA remarkably inhibited the inflammatory response in PD model rats, as revealed by the decreased levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and COX-2 mRNA expression. It also attenuated the oxidative stress in rats, as indicated by the increased levels of SOD and GSH and the decreased level of MDA. EA treatment contributed to alleviating PD by regulating brain-gut peptides in rats, such as NPY, CCK, SST, GAS, and PYY. In conclusion, EA stimulation at CV-12, RN-7, ST-36, and LR-3 effectively alleviates the NMS of PD partly through regulating the levels of brain-gut peptides.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-22--Impact of electroacupuncture stimulation on postoperative constipation.

BACKGROUND : Constipation is frequently encountered in patients undergoing brain tumor resection .
Constipation has negative effects on daily living @ @ @ @ @ ' quality of life .
We examined the impact of acupuncture and electroacupuncture ( EA @ @ @ @ @ for patients undergoing brain tumor resection .
METHODS : Patients undergoing brain tumor resection ( @ @ @ @ @ randomly divided into a nontreatment group , an acupuncture group , and an EA group @ @ @ @ @ , Cleveland Clinic Constipation Score , symptom assessment , Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of @ @ @ @ @ Scale , and a Self-Rating Depression Scale were collected .
RESULTS : Acupuncture and EA @ @ @ @ @ constipation .
Electroacupuncture decreased constipation and improved quality of life scores .
CONCLUSION : Acupuncture @ @ @ @ @ therapies to treat constipation .

BACKGROUND: Constipation is frequently encountered in patients undergoing brain tumor resection. Constipation has negative effects on daily living, well-being, and individuals' quality of life. We examined the impact of acupuncture and electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation on postoperative constipation for patients undergoing brain tumor resection.
METHODS: Patients undergoing brain tumor resection (n = 150) were randomly divided into a nontreatment group, an acupuncture group, and an EA group. Rome III Diagnostic Criteria, Cleveland Clinic Constipation Score, symptom assessment, Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life questionnaire, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, and a Self-Rating Depression Scale were collected.
RESULTS: Acupuncture and EA were effective in relieving postoperative constipation. Electroacupuncture decreased constipation and improved quality of life scores.
CONCLUSION: Acupuncture and EA are novel adjuvant therapies to treat constipation.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-22--Acupressure can provide significant pain relief during first stage of labour.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE : Acupressure , as part of Traditional Chinese Medicine , has shown promise as an effective method of pain relief in labour and birth .
This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to critically assess the effect of acupressure on pain reduction during first stage of labour .
METHODS : Five major electronic databases were searched in November 2018 to screen English articles .
Only randomized controlled trials ( RCTs ) comparing acupressure with placebo and/or no intervention were selected .
Intensity of labour pain was considered for primary outcome and pooled analysis .
RESULTS : Ten RCTs @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and SP6 were the most commonly used acupoints .
At the active and transitional phase , acupressure significantly reduced labour pain when compared to placebo ( pooled MD -1.91 ; 95 % CI -2.73 , -1.08 ; pooled MD -3.03 ; 95 % CI -5.03 , -1.02 , respectively ) .
Acupressure was also superior to no intervention group at the active ( pooled MD -3.00 ; 95 % CI -3.88 , -2.13 ) and transitional phase ( pooled MD -2.03 ; 95 % CI -3.72 , -0.35 ) .
CONCLUSION : Acupressure @ @ @ @ @ @ @ stage of labour .
However , further clinical trials with standardized intervention procedures are required for the creation of evidence-based guidelines .

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Acupressure, as part of Traditional Chinese Medicine, has shown promise as an effective method of pain relief in labour and birth. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to critically assess the effect of acupressure on pain reduction during first stage of labour.
METHODS: Five major electronic databases were searched in November 2018 to screen English articles. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing acupressure with placebo and/or no intervention were selected. Intensity of labour pain was considered for primary outcome and pooled analysis.
RESULTS: Ten RCTs were included in this review. LI4 and SP6 were the most commonly used acupoints. At the active and transitional phase, acupressure significantly reduced labour pain when compared to placebo (pooled MD -1.91; 95% CI -2.73,-1.08; pooled MD -3.03; 95% CI -5.03,-1.02, respectively). Acupressure was also superior to no intervention group at the active (pooled MD -3.00; 95% CI -3.88,-2.13) and transitional phase (pooled MD -2.03; 95% CI -3.72,-0.35).
CONCLUSION: Acupressure can provide significant pain relief during first stage of labour. However, further clinical trials with standardized intervention procedures are required for the creation of evidence-based guidelines.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-22--Acupressure is a feasible, effective, safe, low cost nonpharmacologic method to treat chronic low ba

Acupressure is a feasible, effective, safe, low cost nonpharmacologic method to treat chronic low back pain.

OBJECTIVE : Establish the utility of acupressure for chronic low back pain ( CLBP ) .
DESIGN : A systematic @ @ @ @ @ PubMed and Embase was conducted from 01/2004-01/2020 .
Search terms included : '' acupressure '' @ @ @ @ @ or '' low back pain '' .
Articles included were randomized control trials evaluating acupressure @ @ @ @ @ .
RESULTS : 150 studies met initial criteria ; 6 were included ( n = @ @ @ @ @ total treatment length was 4 weeks .
The main treatment outcomes were changes in pain @ @ @ @ @ .
All studies found a clinically significant reduction ( , ≥30 % decrease ) in @ @ @ @ @ .
All studies found a clinically significant and/or statistically significant improvement in disability in at @ @ @ @ @ groups .
All studies found a statistically significant improvement in sleep .
No study found @ @ @ @

OBJECTIVE: Establish the utility of acupressure for chronic low back pain (CLBP).
DESIGN: A systematic review of English articles using PubMed and Embase was conducted from 01/2004-01/2020. Search terms included:"acupressure"and"chronic pain"or"low back pain". Articles included were randomized control trials evaluating acupressure in adult patients with CLBP.
RESULTS: 150 studies met initial criteria; 6 were included (n = 468). The average total treatment length was 4 weeks. The main treatment outcomes were changes in pain, disability, and sleep. All studies found a clinically significant reduction (, ≥30% decrease) in pain for the treatment groups. All studies found a clinically significant and/or statistically significant improvement in disability in at least one of the treatment groups. All studies found a statistically significant improvement in sleep. No study found significant adverse events.
CONCLUSION: Acupressure is a feasible, effective, safe, low cost nonpharmacologic method to treat CLBP.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-22--Acupressure can improve the severity of pruritus dramatically in hemodialysis patients.

OBJECTIVES : The aim of this study is to determine the effect of acupressure on the severity of pruritus and @ @ @ @ @ undergoing hemodialysis .
MATERIALS AND METHODS : The present clinical trial was conducted on 90 @ @ @ @ @ applied on SP6 , SP10 , ST36 , and LI11 points in the intervention group @ @ @ @ @ the sham control group .
The severity of itching was measured using the Numeric Rating @ @ @ @ @ was a significant reduction in the severity of pruritus over the course of the study @ @ @ @ @ control groups ( P=0.001 ) .
Also significant differences were observed at the end of @ @ @ @ @ serum phosphorus ( P=0.045 ) and parathyroid hormone ( P=0.004 ) levels between groups .
@ @ @ @ @ the severity of pruritus dramatically in hemodialysis patients , but has no effect on laboratory @ @ @ @ @ phosphorus and parathyroid hormone levels .

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of acupressure on the severity of pruritus and some laboratory parameters in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present clinical trial was conducted on 90 hemodialysis patients. Pressure was applied on SP6, SP10, ST36, and LI11 points in the intervention group and on ineffective points for the sham control group. The severity of itching was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale.
RESULTS: There was a significant reduction in the severity of pruritus over the course of the study in the intervention and sham control groups (P=0.001). Also significant differences were observed at the end of the intervention in terms of serum phosphorus (P=0.045) and parathyroid hormone (P=0.004) levels between groups.
CONCLUSION: Acupressure can improve the severity of pruritus dramatically in hemodialysis patients, but has no effect on laboratory parameters, except for serum phosphorus and parathyroid hormone levels.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-22--Ear acupressure was significantly effective in reducing labor pain and shortening labor active phase

OBJECTIVES : This study sought to compare the effects of multi-point ear and body acupressure on labor pain and the duration of labor active phase .
INTERVENTION : Participants in the body acupressure group received acupressure on GB21 , GB30 , BL32 , LI4 , and SP6 points , each for two minutes , at cervical dilation of four , six , and eight centimeters .
For participants in the ear acupressure group , adhesive auriculotherapy-specific Vaccaria seeds were attached to their auricles on the zero , genitalia , Shen Men , thalamic , and uterine 1 and 2 acupoints @ @ @ @ @ @ @ minutes , each time for thirty seconds .
Participants in the control group received routine care services .
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES : Labor pain intensity was assessed using a visual analogue scale at cervical dilation of four and ten centimeters .
RESULTS : While there was no significant difference between mean scores of pain among three groups , mean score of labor pain in both acupressure groups was significantly less than that in the control group ( P CONCLUSION : Ear acupressure was significantly effective in reducing labor pain and shortening labor active @ @ @ @ @ @ @ reduces labor pain .
Therefore , ear acupressure can be used to reduce labor pain and shorten labor active phase .

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to compare the effects of multi-point ear and body acupressure on labor pain and the duration of labor active phase.
DESIGN: Three-armed randomized controlled trial.
SETTING: Kowsar Hospital, Qazvin, Iran.
INTERVENTION: Participants in the body acupressure group received acupressure on GB21, GB30, BL32, LI4, and SP6 points, each for two minutes, at cervical dilation of four, six, and eight centimeters. For participants in the ear acupressure group, adhesive auriculotherapy-specific Vaccaria seeds were attached to their auricles on the zero, genitalia, Shen Men, thalamic, and uterine 1 and 2 acupoints. The seeds were compressed every thirty minutes, each time for thirty seconds. Participants in the control group received routine care services.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Labor pain intensity was assessed using a visual analogue scale at cervical dilation of four and ten centimeters.
RESULTS: While there was no significant difference between mean scores of pain among three groups, mean score of labor pain in both acupressure groups was significantly less than that in the control group (P < 0.001). However, the difference between the acupressure groups was not statistically significant (P = 0.12). Moreover, the duration of labor active phase in the ear acupressure group was significantly less than those in the body acupressure and the control groups (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Ear acupressure was significantly effective in reducing labor pain and shortening labor active phase. However, body acupressure solely reduces labor pain. Therefore, ear acupressure can be used to reduce labor pain and shorten labor active phase.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-22--The effects of acupressure on the symptoms severity and function status and electrodiagnostic findin

The effects of acupressure on the symptoms severity and function status and electrodiagnostic findings in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome.

OBJECTIVE : This study aimed to evaluate the effects of acupressure on the symptoms severity , function status and electrodiagnostic findings in patients with Carpal tunnel syndrome ( CTS ) .
DESIGN : This double blind , randomized , controlled clinical trial study was conducted on 57 patients with CTS that selected through convenience sampling .
The patients were randomly assigned to three groups , including ( 1 ) acupressure ; ( 2 ) placebo acupressure ; and ( 3 ) control .
SETTING : The study was conducted in the medical centers affiliated to Semnan University of Medical Sciences @ @ @ @ @ @ @ groups received acupressure or placebo for one month .
The control group received only routine cares ( splints and analgesics ) with no additional intervention .
PRIMARY OUTCOMES : The severity of symptoms and hand function were evaluated by the Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire , and electrodiagnostic findings , including Nerve Conduction Velocity ( NCV ) , Distal Sensory Latency ( DSL ) , and Distal Motor Latency ( DML ) were measured by Electromyography device before and after the intervention .
RESULTS : The results showed significant differences in the mean @ @ @ @ @ @ @ NCV , DSL , and DML before and after the intervention in the acupressure group ( P CONCLUSION : According to the results , acupressure was effective in reducing the severity of clinical symptoms , improving the hand function , and improving the electrodiagnostic findings .
Therefore , the application of acupressure can be recommended for improving clinical symptoms of patients with CTS .

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of acupressure on the symptoms severity, function status and electrodiagnostic findings in patients with Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).
DESIGN: This double blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial study was conducted on 57 patients with CTS that selected through convenience sampling. The patients were randomly assigned to three groups, including (1) acupressure; (2) placebo acupressure; and (3) control.
SETTING: The study was conducted in the medical centers affiliated to Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
INTERVENTION: The intervention groups received acupressure or placebo for one month. The control group received only routine cares (splints and analgesics) with no additional intervention.
PRIMARY OUTCOMES: The severity of symptoms and hand function were evaluated by the Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire, and electrodiagnostic findings, including Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV), Distal Sensory Latency (DSL), and Distal Motor Latency (DML) were measured by Electromyography device before and after the intervention.
RESULTS: The results showed significant differences in the mean severity of symptoms, hand function, NCV, DSL, and DML before and after the intervention in the acupressure group (P < 0.05). Significant differences were also observed between the means difference in severity of symptoms, hand function, and NCV, DSL, and DML before and after the intervention in the three groups (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: According to the results, acupressure was effective in reducing the severity of clinical symptoms, improving the hand function, and improving the electrodiagnostic findings. Therefore, the application of acupressure can be recommended for improving clinical symptoms of patients with CTS.


greenmedinfo--2020-07-22--Aloe Vera: Top Uses for This Easy-to-Grow Plant

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By providing the information contained herein we are not diagnosing , treating @ @ @ @ @ or preventing any type of disease or medical condition .
Before beginning any type of @ @ @ @ @ treatment regimen , it is advisable to seek the advice of a licensed healthcare professional @

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