bbcuk--2020-04-17--Coronavirus: Fly-tipping rise prompts plea to reopen tips

Rubbish tips should reopen to curb an increase in fly-tipping during the coronavirus lockdown , politicians have said .
Many waste facilities closed in March after Prime Minister Boris Johnson said people should stay at home , except for “ essential travel ” .
MPs and councillors are calling for tips to be accessible again , but with measures to allow social distancing .
One council leader said fly-tipping during the crisis was `` reprehensible '' .
Fly-tipping is punishable by a fine of up to £50,000 or 12 months imprisonment .
Tameside Council , in Greater Manchester , said @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of fly-tipping since the coronavirus restrictions came into force , according to the Local Democracy Reporting Service .
Labour councillor Allison Gwynne said although people may be creating extra waste under lockdown , this was no excuse for people to “ turn to criminal behaviour ” .
Meanwhile , Boston Borough Council , in Lincolnshire , reported finding more than 50 fly-tipping sites in the past two weeks .
Liverpool City Council also said it had been hit by a “ sharp rise ” in illegal dumping from an “ irresponsible and selfish @ @ @ @ @ @ @ in Rochdale , the council said it had 887 fly-tipping incidents in March , compared with 656 in the same month last year .
Many authorities have said the surge in fly-tipping has put more pressure on waste crews , some of which have reduced staffing due to coronavirus .
The government ’ s latest guidance says “ where possible key [ waste ] sites should be maintained ” by councils , as long as social distancing rules can be followed .
Staffing levels must also be “ adequate ” for health and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
Conservative councillor Paul Bettison , leader of Bracknell Forest Council , said the authority was looking at the possibility of reopening its tip within the government ’ s guidelines .
Mr Bettison said the tip was closed after 1,500 cars visited in the first weekend of the lockdown , making social distancing difficult .
“ We would probably require people to go online and make an appointment at the tip , and there would be so many cars for each hour ’ s slot , ” Mr Bettison said .
Tobias Ellwood @ @ @ @ @ @ @ said reopening tips with the right amount of staff and measures to allow for social distancing “ would help avoid a build up of fly-tipping ” .
Natalie Elphicke , Conservative MP for Dover and Deal , added : “ We are in this for the long haul , so it is vital to dispose of rubbish safely and responsibly .
“ More fly-tipping and waste burning is bad for the countryside and the environment . ''
Liberal Democrat councillor Chris Botten , from Surrey County Council , said he wanted recycling centres @ @ @ @ @ @ @ “ domestic jobs ” to dispose of waste .
In Northern Ireland , Mid and East Antrim Borough Council has reopened its recycling centres and told residents that using them counts as `` essential travel '' .
The authority said : `` The decision to reopen was debated at length but it was felt that it was reasonable , appropriate and would reduce community frustration , as well as provide a much-needed and essential service for our residents . ''
It has also decided to reopen four parks for people to get their @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Tydfil Council has said its recycling centres will reopen , in a limited way , next week .
Independent councillor Felicity Rice , from Bournemouth , Christchurch and Poole Council , said until government lockdown restrictions were relaxed , tips in the area were unlikely to reopen .
“ Keeping the tips open now , would go against government advice on non-essential travel and therefore , these sites will remain closed until this advice changes , '' she said .


bbcuk--2020-04-17--Coronavirus: Royal couple say lockdown 'stressful' on mental health

Coronavirus lockdown is `` stressful '' for many people and it is important to look after mental health , the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge have said .
Prince William said there was an `` ever-increasing need '' for people to know where to access help and support .
In a BBC interview , he said NHS workers often had to absorb the pain and loneliness of coronavirus patients .
The duke went on to reveal how anxious he was when his father , the Prince of Wales , was diagnosed with the virus .
In a wide-ranging interview about @ @ @ @ @ @ @ NHS , Prince William described how the three-week lockdown had been `` frustrating '' for many people and `` pressure , stress and isolation '' had been building up .
`` If we are going to go forward with more time spent in lockdown , then there is going to be an ever-increasing need for people to look after their mental health and take it seriously and also know where to go to get the support they might need , '' he said .
Catherine said there had been a focus on physical @ @ @ @ @ @ @ being told one of the reason they can leave their homes is for one form of exercise a day .
`` While that 's hugely important we must n't forget our mental well-being as well and making sure you 're reaching out to those people around you that you have access to - even if it 's over the phone or online to really make sure you have those conversations , '' she said .
Prince William said there was a concern people might think they were `` not worthy of support '' @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the coronavirus pandemic .
`` It 's important that other people are n't forgotten and those who do need help , and do need support , and have n't necessarily ever had to think about their mental well-being , start to do that in this weird climate we 're in , '' he said .
The couple want to encourage people to talk to each other using technology and also use online tools such as NHS Every Mind Matters to help them during the coronavirus pandemic .
During the interview , the duke @ @ @ @ @ @ @ said they were making the nation proud with their `` stoicism and determination '' to get through the pandemic .
But Prince William said some staff were understandably anxious and it was important not to alienate those who `` worry '' and `` are scared going to work every single day '' .
He said NHS workers often have to absorb the pain and loneliness of coronavirus patients and `` take it home to their families '' .
`` We 're not superhuman , any of us .
So to be able to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ going to take some time after all this is over as well . ''
After four weeks of lockdown William and Catherine are banging the drum for mental health , telling potential sufferers to talk and reach out , and trying to be upbeat royals at a time when much the rest of the Royal Family is , by necessity or choice , out of sight .
The curtain drawn over Royal private life is pulled back a bit : there are videocalls between the generations , there are ups and downs , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the whole thing , Dad is thinking about his bod .
It is rather like a lot of British lives , albeit with more palaces .
William and Catherine have spent a fair bit of time talking to hospital workers over the past few weeks and it is clear from their tone that it has affected and alarmed them .
They are sounding the alert now for mental health assistance for those at the sharpest end of this crisis .
The duchess added : `` What we 're seeing now is the NHS @ @ @ @ @ @ @ extraordinary job .
And that 's really come to the forefront in the last few weeks .
`` It 's going to dramatically change how we all value and see our frontline workers .
That is one of the main positives you can take from this . ''
Prince William also spoke about how he felt anxious for his father Prince Charles when he tested positive for coronavirus after having mild symptoms .
`` I have to admit , at first I was quite concerned , he fits the profile of somebody , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ which is fairly risky , '' said Prince William .
But he said his father had experienced many chest infections and colds , so he felt optimistic Prince Charles would recover .
He also said he worried about his grandparents - the Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh - but they were doing everything they could to ensure they were protected and isolated .
The duchess said they had faced `` ups and downs '' during the lockdown `` like lots of families '' .
She said homeschooling their children - Prince George @ @ @ @ @ @ @ had been `` challenging '' but they had a kept a strict regime .
'We do n't tell the children we 've actually kept going through the holidays .
I feel very mean , '' she added .
The couple also said they have been keeping in touch with other family members through online video calls .
`` It gets a bit hectic , I 'm not going to lie , with a two-year-old you have to take the phone away , '' Catherine said .
`` It 's quite hectic for them @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the right time without pressing the wrong buttons .
But it 's great and it 's nice to keep in touch with everybody . ''
• Public Health England 's Every Mind Matters platform has launched new advice , focussed on looking after people 's mental wellbeing during the coronavirus pandemic .
• For information on organisations that can offer mental health support you can also visit the BBC Advice pages .
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"If we are going to go forward with more time spent in lockdown, then there is going to be an ever-increasing need for people to look after their mental health and take it seriously and also know where to go to get the support they might need," he said.


bbcuk--2020-04-17--Results days announced for GCSE and A-level grades

Grades for cancelled GCSEs and A-level exams in England , Wales and Northern Ireland will now be published on their original planned results days .
Grades are going to be decided by teachers ' assessments - with an initial suggestion that results could be issued earlier than usual this year .
But A-level results will be published on 13 August and GCSEs on 20 August .
England 's School Standards Minister Nick Gibb said it would give pupils some `` reassurance and clarity '' .
In Wales , Minister for Education Kirsty Williams , said the confirmation of dates would @ @ @ @ @ @ @ with a little more confidence , although I recognise this continues to be a time of great uncertainty '' .
After schools were closed by the coronavirus , exams due to be taken this summer were cancelled .
As a replacement , exam boards are gathering assessments from teachers about what they expected pupils to achieve and these predictions will be moderated so the overall national results and shares of grades are in line with previous years .
• How teachers will grade students for cancelled exams Teachers ' predictions will be based @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the evidence of previous exams , coursework , essays , homework and mock exams .
For those pupils in England who think they would have done better in an exam , there is the promise of another exam that can be taken in the autumn .
But for A-level students planning to use their results to go to university , or deciding whether to defer a year , it is still uncertain whether university campuses will reopen in the autumn or will be teaching online .

For those pupils in England who think they would have done better in an exam, there is the promise of another exam that can be taken in the autumn.


bbcuk--2020-04-17--Coronavirus: NI deaths a third higher than reported

The total number of coronavirus-related deaths in Northern Ireland is 39 higher than had been previously reported .
The breakdown has been published for the first time by the Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency ( Nisra ) .
It recorded 157 coronavirus-related deaths in NI by 10 April .
The number of deaths also includes suspected cases , whereas the Public Health Agency uses a different method and had recorded 118 deaths by the same date .
Nisra said there were 109 hospital deaths , 41 in care homes and hospices and seven at home addresses .
The deaths @ @ @ @ @ @ @ establishments , the figures show .
Until now , the Public Health Agency ( PHA ) has been producing a daily bulletin detailing the number of recorded deaths with Covid-19 in Northern Ireland .
Earlier this week , Nisra said it would be publishing a weekly report with statistics of registered deaths .
The difference in the numbers is because Nisra records deaths where coronavirus has been mentioned on the death certificate , but may not be the definitive cause of death .
The PHA figures only record those who have died after @ @ @ @ @ @ @ The Department of Health said there was always a time lag for registering deaths in the community , with the process taking up to five days , and that the Nisra report could not feasibly be tied to the PHA figures .
Nisra also said there were 435 deaths in Northern Ireland registered in the week ending 10 April .
It means Northern Ireland had recorded 140 more deaths than the five-year average ( of 295 ) for the corresponding week .
The new figures show people older than 75 accounted for about @ @ @ @ @ @ @ % were men .
In the UK , a total of 13,729 people confirmed to have had the virus have died , with the overall number of cases across the UK reaching more than 100,000 .
The actual number of cases is estimated to be much higher , as it is mostly those in hospital and some NHS staff who are currently being tested .
The number of confirmed Covid-19-related deaths in the Republic of Ireland so far is 486 .
The new figures were `` truly sobering '' , if not unexpected @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Swann .
`` It reflects the cruel and heart-breaking reality of the situation , '' he said .
`` Regardless of where any person passes away as a result of Covid-19 ; regardless of the age of that individual ; and regardless of any underlying conditions they may have had , every death is just as devastating . ''
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• TRAVEL PLANS : What are @ @ @ @ @ @ @ said the report provided a fuller picture of the course of the virus across Northern Ireland , which would help inform the executive 's response .
`` Our thoughts and prayers are with all those who have lost someone to this disease , '' said the DUP leader .
`` We think particularly of all those who have passed away in care homes and I want to send a very clear message to their families that your precious loved ones will not be forgotten . ''
Deputy First Minister Michelle O'Neill added that @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to the disease is recognised .
`` This new breakdown is a truer reflection of the scale of the pandemic in our community and is a poignant reminder of the need for everyone to stay at home ; observe social distancing ; and keep washing your hands , '' she said .
`` These actions will help to save more lives . ''

"Regardless of where any person passes away as a result of Covid-19; regardless of the age of that individual; and regardless of any underlying conditions they may have had, every death is just as devastating."


bbcuk--2020-04-17--Coronavirus: Capt Tom Moore hailed by Prince William for £18m fundraiser

A 99-year-old war veteran who has raised more than £18m for the NHS has been hailed as a `` one-man fundraising machine '' by the Duke of Cambridge .
Captain Tom Moore originally aimed to raise just £1,000 for NHS Charities Together by completing 100 laps of his garden before his 100th birthday .
More than 890,000 people have now made donations to his JustGiving page .
More than half a million people have called for Capt Tom to be knighted in a petition to the Honours Committee .
The petition , which was set up earlier this week , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ his efforts grabbed the nation 's attention .
As he finished the challenge on Thursday , Capt Tom said it was `` an absolutely fantastic sum of money '' .
In a tweet , he said he would be doing `` less walking '' on Friday but would be talking to TV channels in the United States , Argentina , Europe and the Middle East .
Speaking to BBC Radio 2 he said the sum of money was `` absolutely enormous '' and `` very difficult to imagine '' .
He also thanked @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
`` I say thank you very much indeed .
I appreciate it because the object for which we 're donating is so important and so necessary ...
I think you 're all so kind and thoughtful contributing to this cause , '' he said .
The total includes an undisclosed donation from the Duke of Cambridge , who with the Duchess of Cambridge recorded a special video message for the veteran .
Prince William said : `` It 's amazing and what I love also is that he 's a 99-year-old war @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a long time , he knows everything and it 's wonderful that everyone has been inspired by his story and his determination .
`` He 's a one-man fundraising machine and God knows what the final total will be .
But good on him , and I hope it keeps going . ''
In response , Capt Tom said : `` It 's absolutely amazing that my super prince can say something like that . ''
He also said it was `` a moment we will never forget '' .
Capt Tom , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Yorkshire , has seemingly risen from nowhere to the status of near national treasure .
Keighley Town Council has tweeted that it will `` honour the fundraising hero '' with the freedom of the town .
Tributes and messages of congratulations have continued to pour in , including from sporting stars .
England football team captain , Harry Kane , said : `` You 've been a huge help for the NHS who really need it at this vital time so you 're a true inspiration . ''
F1 champion Lewis Hamilton said @ @ @ @ @ @ @ amazing achievement '' and `` we could all learn something '' from him .
Capt Tom began raising funds to thank NHS staff who helped him with treatment for cancer and a broken hip .
With the aid of a walking frame , he completed 100 laps of the 25-metre ( 82ft ) loop in his garden in Marston Moretaine , Bedfordshire , in 10-lap chunks well before his birthday on 30 April .
NHS Charities Together said it was `` truly inspired and humbled '' by his efforts .
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"I say thank you very much indeed. I appreciate it because the object for which we're donating is so important and so necessary... I think you're all so kind and thoughtful contributing to this cause," he said.


bbcuk--2020-04-17--Sir Paul McCartney and Dame Emma Thompson write 'love letters' to NHS

`` Love letters '' to the NHS , written by stars including Sir Paul McCartney and Dame Emma Thompson , are to appear in a new charity book .
Dear NHS : 100 Stories to Say Thank You , will also feature contributions by Stephen Fry and Ricky Gervais .
The book , which will raise funds for NHS Charities Together and The Lullaby Trust , has been curated by This Is Going To Hurt author Adam Kay .
`` Every single one of us owes so much to the NHS , '' he said .
`` It is our @ @ @ @ @ @ @ always there for us and never more so than now . ''
Kay noted how the project was `` conceived barely a week ago , '' and how he 's been `` blown away '' by the number of high-profile people willing to volunteer their stories , like Sir Michael Palin , Dawn French and Graham Norton , as well as Emilia Clarke and Louis Theroux .
`` I hope that the book , and the money it raises for charity , will in some way manage to say thank you to the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ their own every day . ''
Sirs Trevor McDonald and David Jason ; Joanna Lumley and Peter Kay have also contributed to the collection , which will be released on 9 July .
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"I hope that the book, and the money it raises for charity, will in some way manage to say thank you to the heroes who are putting our lives before their own every day."


bbcuk--2020-04-17--Coronavirus fundraiser Margaret Payne, 90, 'climbing Suilven' on stairs for NHS

With Captain Tom Moore , 99 , walking his way to fame - and a fortune for NHS charities - another nonagenarian has embarked on a marathon challenge .
Margaret Payne , 90 , aims to climb the equivalent of Highland mountain Suilven - 731m ( 2,398ft ) - with 282 trips upstairs at her Sutherland home .
Inspired by the Army veteran 's 100 laps of his garden , she began on Sunday .
And after hitting her target to raise £10,000 for the NHS and a hospice on Thursday , she said : `` It 's amazing .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ first climbed Suilven , in the west of Sutherland , aged 15 , in 1944 .
She believes her modern-day challenge will take around two months to complete .
It is her way of thanking the `` absolutely wonderful '' NHS staff , and carers at Highland Hospice , who took care of her husband , Jim , before his death at Christmas .
After donations passed her target , she said : `` I was n't expecting anything like it - 10,000 thank yous . ''
`` It 's brilliant of them @ @ @ @ @ @ @ deserve it .
They have been amazing .
Each day they are risking their lives . ''
By Thursday night , her fundraising total was at £12,500 - and rising .
Launching her bid , she wrote on her fundraising page : `` Here we go ... starting Easter Sunday ... three flights before lunch today .
Raining and windy outside but warm going up and down the stairs . ''
Since then she has climbed several times throughout each day .
Despite that , Mrs Payne said she had never been a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ since she was 12 .
However , she would walk miles to reach the best spots for her true passion : fishing .
Mrs Payne 's inspiration , who has become known as `` Captain Tom '' , walked 100 laps of his Bedfordshire garden to mark his upcoming 100th birthday .
After being featured on local radio and websites and then TV and in national newspapers , the former serviceman quickly raced past his initial target of £1,000 and then a swiftly-revised one of £500,000 .
By the early hours of Friday @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a total of more than £17m .
What heights Mrs Payne can achieve in her own fundraising challenge has yet to be seen ...

Launching her bid, she wrote on her fundraising page: "Here we go... starting Easter Sunday... three flights before lunch today. Raining and windy outside but warm going up and down the stairs."


bbcuk--2020-04-16--Coronavirus: Families wait to meet babies born during pandemic

The families of many babies born during the coronavirus pandemic have had to face up to waiting for the day they can finally meet their newest relations .
Grace Marie Cooper was born at Royal Derby Hospital on 7 April - and into a very different world .
A little over a fortnight before her expected arrival , much of the UK was advised to stay at home whenever possible .
She became the fourth grandchild of Janine Stone , who said it has been `` devastating '' not to be able to hold Grace because of the social distancing @ @ @ @ @ @ @ see a new baby in the family , but it 's heartbreaking not being able to touch them and cuddle them and have your first photograph taken with a newborn grandchild , '' she said .
`` Being born in the pandemic is an uneasy time , it 's unsettling for everybody , but we 've got to put our trust in the NHS - they 're doing an amazing job . ''
Grace 's mother Victoria had only had a baby shower party with her sister a week before Prime Minister Boris @ @ @ @ @ @ @ stop the spread of the virus .
As she prepared for the birth she then went into self-isolation , and so saw little of her family in the run-up to the event .
Grace and her mother are self-isolating with dad Adam and Grace 's sister Chloe at their home in Belper .
Ms Stone said she and other relatives were all looking forward to being able to properly welcome her into the world .
`` I have managed to see Grace since they came home , through the window , '' she @ @ @ @ @ @ @ `` absolutely amazing '' hospital staff for their support during her pregnancy , with Grace 's middle name a tribute to one of the midwives who helped deliver her .
Marina Lois gave birth to her first daughter Jessie in Cardiff on 27 March .
The restrictions imposed in the preceding days to tackle the spread of the virus affected the role her husband Steve Austins could play .
With advice `` changing on a daily basis '' in the run-up to the birth , she said it was tough being apart from @ @ @ @ @ @ @ arrived .
`` It was a bit weird being in there on your own , '' she said .
`` I had a caesarean , so I could n't lift her up very easily on my own , so I felt a little bit helpless .
`` The staff , bless them , were there for me - they were doing their absolute best . ''
Ms Lois - who already worked from home running a radio and podcast production company with her husband - had been intending to use the Easter weekend @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , with her mother due to have come up from London .
Like many others , the holiday plans had to be put to one side , as have visits from Mr Austins ' relatives on the Welsh side of the family .
However , they have found a way to bring the cross-border branches together and stay positive in trying times .
`` We 're doing video calls all together , '' she said .
`` It 's better than nothing .
We had to teach mum how to use the video @ @ @ @ @ @ @ now we 've got the hang of it everyone can see each other now .
`` We would n't have been able to do this five or 10 years ago with the technology that we had , so we are lucky it 's happened now . ''
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"It's better than nothing. We had to teach mum how to use the video phone, which was something, but now we've got the hang of it everyone can see each other now.


bbcuk--2020-04-16--The scientists who made a 'home-brew' coronavirus test

Dr Charles Swanton 's days are busy , but the work is rewarding .
The Francis Crick Institute , where he works , has been testing medics at the Royal Marsden hospital who were sent home after showing symptoms of Covid-19 .
Those found to be free of the virus are now back at their jobs .
Overburdened hospitals have been desperate for more testing facilities like this to help medical staff return to work .
The UK government set a target of 100,000 tests per day by the end of April , but has struggled to get near that @ @ @ @ @ @ @ someone has the coronavirus is a complicated process ( different tests , which see if someone has ever had the virus are still awaiting approval ) .
Molecules on a swab are broken down into genetic code , using chemicals , liquid handling robots and a PCR ( polymerase chain reaction ) machine which can make billions of copies of DNA strands .
Private and university laboratories across the UK have donated enough equipment for three huge testing centres in Glasgow , Milton Keynes and Alderley Park in Cheshire .
But having the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ need blended cocktails of chemicals to function .
These secret recipes have been tested over time , verified by regulators and guarded by the companies that sell them .
Like a cook with a ready-bake cake mix , scientists know all the ingredients , but the exact proportions are specific to each company .
The firms that manufacture and sell them include Qiagen , Roche , Merck and Eurofins Genomics .
Each have their own recipes , designed for specific models of the PCR machines .
Dr Swanton and his colleagues at the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ world would be clamouring for these kits .
They also knew the firms that manufactured them would be swamped .
So rather than wait , they reverse engineered their own `` home-brew '' to test local medical staff in London , as a voluntary service .
The Crick Institute is led by Nobel Prize-winning scientist , Sir Paul Nurse , but not run by the health services .
It is a research lab formed from a partnership between Cancer Research UK , and London hospitals which include the Royal Marsden , Imperial College @ @ @ @ @ @ @ University College London .
Three weeks ago , when the virus crept across Europe their labs were deemed non-essential and closed .
They handed in much of their machinery to the Department of Health and Social Care which is leading the testing ramp-up , outside hospitals .
Dr Swanton , at the time , worked as Cancer Research UK 's chief clinician , researching the way that cancer progresses .
`` We were going to be sent home .
I thought to myself , 'Well there are a lot of non-essential workers I @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to the coronavirus effort , ' '' he says .
He sent an email round .
A working group was formed .
At the same time , Mr Nurse sent an email to his employees at the Crick Institute asking for possible volunteers for a lab .
• Coronavirus threatens the next generation of smartphones • 'The phone slipped into the bath ' : Conference call tales Clinicians including Dr Swanton , many from the University College London , and some at a private lab nearby in St Pancras called HSL ( Health @ @ @ @ @ @ @ find a new procedure for making the chemical kits with the equipment that the government had left behind .
Dr Swanton now leads the Covid-19 testing efforts at the Crick Institute .
`` We have the staff here , the facilities , the resources , the reagents and the know-how to get on and just do it .
And so that 's what we chose to do , '' says Dr Swanton .
Their home-made chemical kit ( an RNA extraction kit ) has been approved through a rapid accreditation process and they @ @ @ @ @ @ @ The test for Covid-19 uses two stages of pre-packed chemical kits to extract the genetic material from the mucus and cells found on a skin swab .
RNA Extraction - around £350 for one pack of 50 In this part of the test , the virus 's genetic code , its RNA , or ribonucleic acid , is found , cleaned and separated .
Enzymes and other chemicals break up all of the cells that are sent in on the tip of the swab .
Enzymes called proteases to break up proteins in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ added to laundry detergent to cut up the proteins in food stains . )
Another set of chemicals stick the RNA to a membrane .
And the reaction takes place in a liquid called a buffer .
At this point , the RNA is still too small to be detected .
This is when the second chemical cocktail comes into play .
PCR kit - Around £250 for one pack of 200 This chemical cocktail allows the virus RNA code in the PCR machine to reproduce itself .
Here the RNA is converted @ @ @ @ @ @ @ in fluorescent chemicals and copies are made until there are enough to detect .
If enough bright spots show , the test indicates that the virus was present in the sample .
The companies that are better known for making these chemical kits warn against reverse engineering them under the current circumstances .
Dr Thomas Theuringer , a spokesperson for Qiagen , a German chemicals company that supplies reagents to the UK , says replacing these reagent cocktails with home-made recipes is `` playing with fire '' .
`` We can only guarantee @ @ @ @ @ @ @ them in our production facilities where we have a controlled environment .
Any mis-step and you might get a false positive and create more harm than good , '' he says .
Several reagents produced by the Centers for Disease Control ( CDC ) in the US failed to produce conclusive results .
The CDC later admitted that kits had been `` rushed '' .
`` We are not talking about baking a cake - this is about life and death , '' says Dr Theuringer .
The benefit of using commercial solutions @ @ @ @ @ @ @ has been making them for a long time and that the standard operating procedures in their labs have been verified by several international health organisations .
Roche , a company which also currently makes reagent kits for UK testing sites , agrees .
`` The primary obstacles in another company or manufacturer producing any Roche test and reagents are time and expertise .
Roche can not guarantee safety and reliability if the reagents required for the test were manufactured outside our production network , '' a spokesman told the BBC in an email @ @ @ @ @ @ @ : `` People have used home-brews for RNA extraction for a long time but for scaling up testing needs to be done in an automated fashion so that you can process many samples . ''
Prof Kool teaches chemistry at Stanford , has his own RNA extraction kit business and offered to help the effort in the United States , but testing centres there told him his kits were not the right kind for the machines they had in place .
`` Kind of like printer ink - you have to buy the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ he says .
`` These kits are all corporate secrets , '' he says , but adds that the automated kits have plug-ins which work best with the kind of 24-hour testing that needs to be done with Covid-19 .
`` Even while people are sleeping , the robots can be running samples , '' he says .
This is the nub of the problem with large testing sites , like the ones built by the government .
The PCR machines they have collected from labs across the UK will work best with @ @ @ @ @ @ @ shortest supply .
The problem is worldwide , everyone is trying to get hold of the same automated RNA extraction kit .
To add to the complexity , the companies that sell them have differing ideas on which buyers should take priority .
This has been a difficult prospect for Qiagen , says its representative , Dr Theuringer , because his company has had to find a version of what fair allocation might be .
`` No one company alone can help meet the demand , '' he says .
It went from @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 20 million per month , hired new staff and moved from a three-shift day to working around the clock .
Even so , they have been unable to meet demand , and even passed buyers on to their competitors .
Roche says it remains committed to its partnership with the UK government .
But its spokesman warns that `` due to the high demand on reagents and consumables the supply situation may be challenging in the short term in some cases '' .
Dr Swanton can not tell whether making their own test @ @ @ @ @ @ @ right decision .
`` Only time will tell , '' he says , `` But we thought that doing nothing was not an option , really . ''
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• AVOIDING CONTACT : The rules on self-isolation and exercise • MAPS AND CHARTS : Visual guide to the outbreak • STRESS : How to look after your mental health

"We have the staff here, the facilities, the resources, the reagents and the know-how to get on and just do it. And so that's what we chose to do," says Dr Swanton.


bbcuk--2020-04-16--Coronavirus: Astronaut Helen Sharman shares isolation coping strategies

Astronauts know better than most how to cope with isolation - something many people are now dealing with .
As coronavirus restrictions are extended in the UK , can we learn any lessons from space travel ?
Dr Helen Sharman , a scientist from Sheffield , became the first British astronaut in 1991 .
Her time in space may have only lasted eight days but before that she spent 18 months a long way from home in intense preparations at the Soviet cosmonaut training camp Star City .
Stargazing , video-calling loved ones and dreaming of the future were all @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , she told the BBC .
Many of the methods she used to get through her time in space , nearly three decades ago , are being echoed now , as - like most people - the 56-year-old spends more time than usual at home .
For Dr Sharman , that is in west London .
`` The main difference is that [ in space ] we had some element of choice that we went there , we chose our isolation , but nonetheless we were with our crewmates in a small environment @ @ @ @ @ @ @ we wanted , '' she said .
`` Think about what you can do , rather than what you ca n't , '' said Dr Sharman , who became the first woman to visit the space station Mir .
`` Astronauts prepare themselves to be isolated on a space station but , back in 1991 , we only had a radio to communicate , there was no satellite phone , no email .
`` Now we have all these ways to keep in touch with people , and it 's so important that @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , who now works at Imperial College , London , said she had adapted like so many to working at home .
`` We are all being more tolerant of each other 's circumstances , '' she said .
`` We do n't have to be in the office , in a dress or a shirt and tie , we can be more flexible . ''
She stressed that feeling useful was important to people , both in space and on Earth .
`` I was grateful to have a busy working day @ @ @ @ @ @ @ '' she said .
`` If suddenly our work diminishes and our days become less busy , we can feel at a loss . ''
Being useful could come in the form of reaching out to others who were self-isolating , perhaps , or being able to work from home .
Dr Sharman has spent time doing things she has never had time for before - such as reading a bedtime story online for OSO Arts Centre , not far from where she lives .
`` I did n't previously have the time @ @ @ @ @ @ @ feel as if I am providing a service , '' she said .
Another coping strategy she suggested was to appreciate nature , something many people seem to be doing with their unexpected free time at the moment .
`` I find now I am looking outside my window much more than I did before , '' Dr Sharman said .
`` I can see the houses on the other side of the road , a tree about to burst into flower .
I look at the clouds and appreciate the beauty of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , has also made her feel connected to distant friends and relatives .
`` Then I was looking down at the clouds , now it is up , but it is just that appreciation of the world outside my window .
We are all in it , '' she said .
`` If we look into the night sky , we can all see that same moon .
That is a nice uniting concept - the stars in the Northern Hemisphere all look the same .
`` We can appreciate that all our @ @ @ @ @ @ @ we are . ''
Dr Sharman appreciates living in a confined space with other people may have its challenges .
She said it `` requires a bit more respect and tolerance than normal to maintain cordial relations '' , something many people who share homes may understand .
`` We need to understand each other 's frustrations , what annoys us and what helps us to relax , '' she said .
`` And it helps if the grotty jobs are shared ( tasks like compacting the solid toilet waste and changing air @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ) . ''
• A SIMPLE GUIDE : How do I protect myself ?
• AVOIDING CONTACT : The rules on self-isolation and exercise • MAPS AND CHARTS : Visual guide to the outbreak Making plans for your free time can be another way to stay sane in isolation , Dr Sharman said .
`` One of the luxuries astronauts enjoy is scheduled free time .
Earth-gazing , books and films figure highly , '' she said .
`` Now , Covid-19 means we can do some of the things we have always @ @ @ @ @ @ @ busy for .
`` And we can plan something nice to look forward to because this will not last for ever . ''
Looking at how the pandemic may change society , Dr Sharman said when she was in space , she did not once think about her possessions and on returning to Earth had a different view on materialism .
`` Being less of a consumer society will benefit the environment and reserve resources for what we really need , but I think we will feel the change in society that will @ @ @ @ @ @ @ generally nicer , '' she said .
`` When the pandemic is over , the world will be a better place to live in . ''
Helen Sharman has previously spoken about her isolation tips to the Royal Society of Chemistry .
Follow BBC Yorkshire on Facebook , Twitter and Instagram .
Send your story ideas to yorkslincs.news @ bbc.co.uk .

"The main difference is that [in space] we had some element of choice that we went there, we chose our isolation, but nonetheless we were with our crewmates in a small environment and not able to go out when we wanted," she said.


bbcuk--2020-04-16--Coronavirus: Why shoppers are afraid to put things back on the shelf

It 's a new dilemma facing shoppers as they try to follow the correct supermarket etiquette to prevent the spread of coronavirus ... should you put an item back on the shelves after you 've touched it ?
People who have picked up packets to check ingredients or calorie content have been left concerned that they will be accused of contaminating the product if they try to return it to its place .
For some , the only answer is to buy anything they touch - even if it is n't what they actually wanted .
Michaela Johnson , 30 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ picked up some golden breadcrumbs during her shopping because she could n't find the ingredient she was seeking for a recipe .
`` I put them in my trolley , but then when I got to the Asian section I found Panko breadcrumbs , which were the ones I needed .
`` I felt I could n't put the golden breadcrumbs back because I had touched them , so I bought both .
`` It made me feel stupid but I do laugh now every time I see them in my cupboard .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ Edinburgh , said she had picked up the wrong newspaper in his supermarket .
`` I felt I could n't put it back because I had contaminated it by touching it , '' she said .
`` I had a moment of wondering what to do and looking around to see if anyone was watching me , and then I just felt I had to buy it as I could n't put it back .
I 've been wondering ever since if I should have just put it back . ''
Rory McKenzie @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a similar emotion after reaching to the back of a shelf for the last remaining bag of flour - only to find it was white rather than the wholemeal flour he wanted .
`` I put it back , but then I got worried that someone was going to say I had contaminated it so I ended up putting it back into my basket , '' he said .
`` It was quite annoying buying it but it was better than worrying I was going to get someone pulling me up about having @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Consortium does not have any particular guidance on how shoppers should handle such a situation .
However , a spokesperson said : `` We would encourage consumers to follow government advice and wash their hands , use hand sanitiser and avoid touching their face as much as possible when shopping . ''
Fears over contaminating products on the shelves are not the only worry for shoppers who are trying to adjust to the new etiquette .
Katie Cormack , 43 , from Edinburgh said : `` I feel like I ca n't put @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the till until the person in front has completely finished .
`` It 's funny - I feel like I do n't know what the etiquette is in the supermarket so end up being on my best behaviour and feeling like I ca n't talk to the person on the till and things like that . ''
Susan Gray , 49 , from Edinburgh , said : `` I feel like I have to be overly polite to the staff on the door of the supermarket or they are not going to let @ @ @ @ @ @ @ myself almost getting nervous and really being overly smiley at them .
`` It 's the same feeling I get at airport security or when police cars are behind my car when I 'm driving . ''
For Sally Johnston , 40 , from Edinburgh , a single cough while queuing outside a shop was enough to cause embarrassment .
`` I do n't have a cough .
It was just a one-off because my throat was dry , but all of a sudden everyone started turning around and glaring at me , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ was so embarrassed I had to leave the queue and go back to my car and go to another supermarket nearby . ''

"I had a moment of wondering what to do and looking around to see if anyone was watching me, and then I just felt I had to buy it as I couldn't put it back. I've been wondering ever since if I should have just put it back."


bbcuk--2020-04-17--Ken Bruce: 'Radio provides friendship in an undemanding way'

You would n't normally hear a tractor driving past or birds tweeting in the background of Ken Bruce 's BBC Radio 2 show .
But , if you listen closely , those are just a few sounds you might be able to pick up on now the presenter is broadcasting from his Oxfordshire home .
`` I do live in dread of the binmen arriving or the Royal Air Force flying over in extremely noisy Chinooks as they do sometimes , '' Bruce laughs .
`` But so far it 's been fine . ''
Bruce 's mid-morning show on @ @ @ @ @ @ @ continuously since 1992 , following an earlier stint in the 1980s - is particularly popular at the moment as more listeners turn to the radio while confined to their homes .
`` At a time like this , people want to hear the news , but they do n't want it all day , '' Bruce says .
`` From my point of view , I 'll pay attention to one news broadcast a day , and after that I do n't really want to know too much unless it 's a major @ @ @ @ @ @ @ big part of keeping people feeling right during this and I think we provide a certain amount of that , a chance to put the worries of the world to one side . ''
Any surge in listening wo n't be reflected in official figures for a few months , but the BBC says there has been a significant increase in live radio listening via the BBC Sounds app since lockdown measures came into force .
Not that Bruce needed any help attracting listeners .
With an audience of 8.27 million , his @ @ @ @ @ @ @ UK - a particularly impressive accolade given that he does n't host the breakfast show , traditionally a radio station 's flagship programme .
Bruce is one of countless radio presenters currently broadcasting from home , but technical advances make this much easier than it used to be .
Many listeners wo n't even have noticed a change - as was the case when the presenters of Radio 4 's Today programme began broadcasting from home last month .
`` It sounded so good that we 've actually had some people calling in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ same studio ?
They should be socially distancing ' , '' the BBC 's director of radio and education , James Purnell , told Radio 4 's Feedback .
`` We 've told [ presenters ] to explain [ that they 're at home ] because actually the sound makes it seem like they 're all in the same place , when they 're very much not . ''
For the Today programme 's male hosts , the familiar home environment has at least given them the ideal opportunity to start growing a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ embraced a slightly more relaxed approach to the morning , '' Justin Webb wrote this week in the Radio Times .
`` I 'm not shaving , largely to compete with Nick Robinson , who came back from a holiday last year looking like a Mills & Boon romantic hero . ''
Wherever the presenters are , radio is proving to be a valuable source of entertainment now many people are working from home .
`` Radio does provide friendship , companionship , in an undemanding kind of way , so strong relationships @ @ @ @ @ @ @ radio , and I think that will only increase as time goes on , '' Bruce says .
`` We 're certainly aware of more people listening and taking part in Popmaster , for example , than before , and the texts and emails have massively grown , so I think there will be a general rediscovery of radio and how important it can be at times like this . ''
Petroc Trelawny , who hosts Radio 3 's breakfast show , agrees there has been a surge in listening to music-based programmes @ @ @ @ @ @ @ from the news agenda .
`` R3 listeners send several hundred emails , tweets and texts to Breakfast every morning , a significant percentage coming from those taking refuge from Today and news-based breakfast shows on 5 Live and LBC , '' he said earlier this week .
But there will be some delay before the industry can ascertain how big the increase in listening has been .
Last month , industry body Rajar told RadioToday it 's reviewing ways it can continue monitoring listening habits as collecting data from members of the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
Bruce embraces the benefits of working from home ( which include being able to eat a slice of lemon drizzle cake during the 11 o'clock news bulletin ) .
When lockdown restrictions are eventually lifted , will more DJs actively choose to continue broadcasting from home ?
`` There may be a slight move towards that .
However I do know that there is something about being in a particular building , there 's that sort of collegiate feeling of being at Radio 2 or wherever it is , and you take @ @ @ @ @ @ @ by osmosis as you 're in there , '' he says .
`` You get to see everybody else or hear the gossip , not that that 's important , but you get the general feel of what 's going on while you 're there . ''
One specific feature within Bruce 's show which has seen a significant increase in engagement is the famous quiz broadcast at 10:30 every morning .
`` We 're hearing a lot about the Popmaster effect , '' says Bruce 's producer Ricky Marshall .
`` It @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , but I think now more than ever it 's really ramping up - families are sitting down to do Popmaster , people are saying they 're playing along with their friends on a Zoom call .
`` The hashtag seems to trend most days with people all joining in together , so I think there 's a real sense of online community around the quiz which is quite nice . ''
Popmaster sees two callers face a series of ( often quite difficult ) music questions .
If they hesitate for too @ @ @ @ @ @ @ which adds to the pressure .
`` With the five-second counter , you 've got to feel it , '' Bruce says .
`` You do n't play it too soon on the early questions , and if you think somebody might be getting a little assistance , shall we say , then you can slam the five-second countdown clock down quite quickly .
So it 's a question of touch and feel . ''
On the unrelenting difficulty of the questions , Marshall says : `` It 's fine if you hit @ @ @ @ @ @ @ your area , but some of the questions I look at and I do n't have a clue .
It 's only worrying if Ken does n't know the answer , then you know you 're in trouble !
He 's generally seen it all over the years . ''
Bruce recently told the MediaMasters podcast he 's only had one day off sick in the last 34 years , although there was one occasion where listeners may have noticed he did n't sound like his usual self .
On April Fools Day @ @ @ @ @ @ @ impression of Bruce is uncanny ) famously stood in for him - with hilarious results .
If , God forbid , Bruce became ill himself in the next few months and had to take a few days off work , is there any chance Brydon could cover for him again ?
`` Well yes , I 'm sure he could , '' Bruce laughs , `` but I do n't think the BBC could afford him . ''
Ken Bruce presents on BBC Radio 2 from 09:30 until 12:00 BST every weekday morning @

"There may be a slight move towards that. However I do know that there is something about being in a particular building, there's that sort of collegiate feeling of being at Radio 2 or wherever it is, and you take in the culture of the organisation almost by osmosis as you're in there," he says.


bbcuk--2020-04-17--Coronavirus: Royals praise 'stoicism' of NHS workers

The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge have spoken about their hopes the coronavirus outbreak will bring the global community together @ @ @ @ @ the BBC 's Tina Daheley , Catherine said the crisis would `` dramatically change how @ @ @ @ @ our front-line workers '' .
The pair emphasised the importance of the public protecting their @ @ @ @ @ .
Prince William went on to reveal how anxious he was when his father , @ @ @ @ @ was diagnosed with the virus .

The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge have spoken about their hopes the coronavirus outbreak will bring the global community together.
In an interview with the BBC's Tina Daheley, Catherine said the crisis would "dramatically change how we all value and see our front-line workers".
The pair emphasised the importance of the public protecting their mental health during the lockdown.
Prince William went on to reveal how anxious he was when his father, the Prince of Wales, was diagnosed with the virus.


bbcuk--2020-04-17--Coronavirus: Four-year-old boy Archie Wilks recovers from Covid-19

A four-year-old a boy with a rare form of cancer has recovered from the coronavirus .
Archie Wilks was diagnosed @ @ @ @ @ January 2019 .
His parents said it 's `` definintely a weight lifted '' to @ @ @ @ @ he was in hospital for six days .
See more personal stories during the coronavirus @ @

A four-year-old a boy with a rare form of cancer has recovered from the coronavirus.
Archie Wilks was diagnosed with stage four neuroblastoma in January 2019.
His parents said it's "definitely a weight lifted" to have their son home after he was in hospital for six days.
See more personal stories during the coronavirus outbreak.


bbcuk--2020-04-17--Coronavirus: DIY hair shaving and beauty treatments

As hair dye and clippers become the next thing on the stockpile list - we take a look at how @ @ @ @ @ their hair , makeup and nail maintenance during lockdown .
Audrey from Paris , who @ @ @ @ @ , is removing her Shellac nail gel for the first time , after years of @ @ @ @ @ Bernicia , a makeup artist in London with her own salon , has transferred her @ @ @ @ @ people from all over the world .
Mario , who has an autoimmune disease , @ @ @ @ @ to live in his family 's home in Norfolk with his grandad .
He shaves @ @ @ @ @ time with clippers .

As hair dye and clippers become the next thing on the stockpile list - we take a look at how three people have been managing their hair, makeup and nail maintenance during lockdown.
Audrey from Paris, who is living alone in London, is removing her Shellac nail gel for the first time, after years of going to a salon.
Bernicia, a makeup artist in London with her own salon, has transferred her business online and is meeting people from all over the world.
Mario, who has an autoimmune disease, has left London to go to live in his family's home in Norfolk with his grandad. He shaves his head for the first time with clippers.
Produced by: Natalie Truswell
Edited by: Kathryn Parker
Commissioned by: Kimberley Rowell


bbcuk--2020-04-17--The Papers: 'Three more weeks... what then?'

The government 's extension of lockdown conditions for another three weeks receives varying degrees of support in the press .
The Sun 's leader column says the decision `` seems fair '' while it remains unclear how successful the battle against the pandemic is going , but insists it is important to review the measures `` every day '' .
However , it argues it is `` vital '' that Britain endures what it calls `` our virtual house arrest '' only once .
The Daily Mirror agrees that another few weeks of social distancing `` is a price worth @ @ @ @ @ @ @ but warns the extension will require more sacrifices for many people .
`` The country has shown remarkable resilience so far '' , it says , and `` if ministers want that to continue they need to say what the exit strategy entails '' .
And the Guardian 's leader column says the decision to extend was `` correct '' , before warning : `` We need to start getting used to the idea that parts of the economy , some demographic groups and maybe some regions will be subject to different levels @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the BBC in your inbox , each weekday morning The Daily Mail says ministers are discussing ordering the use of protective equipment in the workplace and on public transport , to allow what the paper calls `` a widespread return to normality '' .
A cabinet source is quoted as saying the UK `` wo n't want to be too far behind '' other countries such as Germany which are easing their lockdowns `` but everyone accepts , including industry , that social distancing will have to continue for many months '' .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ for the EU to help economies worst-hit by the pandemic , such as Italy , in an interview with the Financial Times .
He says there is `` no choice '' but to set up a fund that could issue common debt with a common guarantee , in order to finance member states according to their needs , rather than the size of their economies .
He argues the EU faces a `` moment of truth '' in deciding whether it is more than just a single economic market , and warns that @ @ @ @ @ @ @ is likely to fuel populist anger in southern Europe .
Photographs of Captain Tom Moore are featured on most front pages and websites , after the 99-year-old completed 100 laps of his garden yesterday morning to raise more than £17m for the NHS .
Huffpost UK says the `` heart-lifting moment '' has seen the war veteran become `` a national hero '' , while the Daily Express highlights his `` inspiring '' promise that `` the sun will shine again '' when the pandemic is over .
The Sun says Captain Tom @ @ @ @ @ @ @ new war '' and , with a reference to his surname , it demands one `` Moore '' medal for the former army officer .
Hopes that Britain can achieve widespread immunity to the virus by the end of the lockdown `` were dealt a devastating blow yesterday '' , according to the Daily Telegraph .
It quotes research suggesting only a small proportion of the population may have acquired resistance to the disease .
The paper says a former British director of the World Health Organisation will highlight the study when he @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the government has handled the pandemic to a Commons committee today .
Professor Anthony Costello will warn the failure to conduct widespread testing has left Britain facing `` eight to 10 waves '' of coronavirus , the paper reports .
In such a scenario , the Telegraph says , `` both the death toll and economic consequences would be catastrophic '' .
The Independent website says Health Secretary Matt Hancock lost his temper on Thursday morning during a series of fractious interviews about the government 's response to the pandemic .
It says @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a `` heated clash '' on ITV , before taking listeners by surprise by `` lashing out '' on BBC Radio 4 's Today programme .
The Mirror 's leader column says the health secretary felt the questions `` were beginning to irritate the public '' .
But it argues that action might not have been taken had the media not highlighted how care homes were `` hotbeds '' for the virus .
A free press , the paper concludes , `` means asking hard questions of ministers who stand accused of having @ @ @ @ @ @ @ there to serve '' .
There are reports that home coronavirus swab tests , delivered by Amazon , are being trialled as a way out of the lockdown .
The Times understands a pilot involving key workers is beginning this week , with the aim of completing the process within 48 hours .
According to the Mail , Mr Hancock is under mounting pressure over the UK 's testing regime , after he claimed there had been lower-than-expected demand for checks over the Easter weekend .
The paper quotes healthcare and union sources @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a `` fig leaf '' to cover up testing failures .
Finally , the Economist considers whether the pandemic will be remembered as a geopolitical turning-point away from America .
It says President Trump seems to have no interest in leading the global response to the virus , giving China a chance to enhance its sway .
The Economist argues an unconstrained China `` is not a comforting prospect '' and warns that `` the 1920s showed what happens when great powers turn selfish and rush to take advantage of the troubles of @ @ @

And the Guardian's leader column says the decision to extend was "correct", before warning: "We need to start getting used to the idea that parts of the economy, some demographic groups and maybe some regions will be subject to different levels of control."


bbcuk--2020-04-17--Coronavirus testing to be rolled out to more public service staff

Coronavirus testing will be rolled out to people working in public services such as police , fire and prison staff , Health Secretary Matt Hancock has said .
Capacity was rising `` sharply '' but not as many NHS staff had come forward for tests as had been expected , he said .
The government said 21,328 tests were carried out on Thursday but there had been capacity for at least 38,000 .
Meanwhile , scientists say they should have at least a million doses of a coronavirus vaccine by September .
However , Business Secretary Alok Sharma said there @ @ @ @ @ @ @ was not possible to put a date on when a vaccine would be created by .
Producing one is `` a colossal undertaking '' and `` a complex process which will take many months '' , he told the government 's daily press briefing .
It comes as the UK recorded 847 new coronavirus-related deaths in hospitals on Thursday , taking the total to 14,576 .
The figure does not include hundreds more who have died in care homes and the community .
• A SIMPLE GUIDE : How do I protect myself @ @ @ @ @ @ @ on self-isolation and exercise • STRESS : How to look after your mental health Speaking by videolink to an online meeting of the Commons health committee earlier , Mr Hancock said the government had prioritised testing for hospital patients and NHS workers before expanding it to residents and staff in social care .
He added some 50,000 NHS workers had been tested so far .
However , he said it was `` frustrating '' there was capacity for 10,000 more tests a day than were carried out on Thursday .
The government has @ @ @ @ @ @ @ by the end of April .
Eligibility for testing will also be expanded to critical local authority workers , the judiciary and Department for Work and Pensions staff , he said .
`` We 're able to do that because of the scale-up of testing , '' he added .
Mr Hancock said he hoped anyone with symptoms would be able to be tested `` relatively soon '' .
`` Now we 've got the curve under control , I want to be able to get back to the position that we can @ @ @ @ @ @ @ anticipate being able to do that relatively soon because we 're increasing capacity , as I say , '' he said .
Matt Wrack , general secretary of the Fire Brigades Union , welcomed the expansion of testing .
However , he added : `` It is a shame it has come this late , with thousands of firefighters already self-isolating - this is something that could have been easily avoided . ''
Mr Wrack said there were also issues around how accessible testing was , with many testing centres far out of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ executive of the Royal College of Nursing , told the committee some sick NHS workers were compelled to drive for up to two hours to be tested .
Also speaking to the committee , Prof Anthony Costello , the director of University College London 's Institute for Global Health , said there could be 40,000 deaths in the UK as a result of the coronavirus pandemic .
He said the UK had been `` too slow '' to react on a number of fronts to the crisis which may lead to it having @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Europe '' .
Sir Patrick Vallance , the government 's chief scientific adviser , previously said it would be a `` good outcome '' if total UK deaths could be kept below 20,000 .
Warning that the UK would face `` further waves '' of the virus , Prof Costello said a system needed to be put in place that `` can not just do a certain number of tests in the laboratory '' but one that reached out at `` district and community level '' .
• Should we all be wearing @ @ @ @ @ @ @ staff getting the protective gear they need ?
Speaking at the briefing , Sir Patrick said there was beginning to be a `` gradual decrease '' in the number of coronavirus patients in London hospitals and a flattening or decrease in other areas .
`` The numbers are not only at a plateau but beginning to come down in some areas and that will translate into fewer people in intensive care in due course , '' he said .
`` But do not expect this to be quick .
This is not going @ @ @ @ @ @ @ will be a plateau - it will take a while for the numbers to come right down and that 's why it 's important that we continue with the strong social distancing measures that we have in place . ''
Sir Patrick added that he unfortunately expected the number of coronavirus-related deaths to continue to plateau `` for a little while '' before starting to come down slowly .
• Chancellor Rishi Sunak has extended the government 's furlough scheme by another month until the end of June • Councils in England have @ @ @ @ @ @ @ them to the brink of financial failure • Downing Street suggested summer holidays should not be booked yet as there is no certainty about when the lockdown will be lifted and travel can resume • The public in the UK will not be told to wear face masks unless the government 's scientists say it is necessary , a minister has said • The Chinese city of Wuhan , where the outbreak first began , has raised its death toll by 50 % - equal to 1,290 cases - attributing it to updated @ @ @ @ @ @ @ being included in the figures

"But do not expect this to be quick. This is not going to be a sudden drop, there will be a plateau - it will take a while for the numbers to come right down and that's why it's important that we continue with the strong social distancing measures that we have in place."


bbcuk--2020-04-17--Coronavirus: Medics to be asked to reuse gowns amid shortage fears

Doctors and nurses in England are to be asked to treat coronavirus patients without fully protective gowns and to reuse equipment due to shortage fears .
The decision came in a reversal of guidance to hospitals from Public Health England on Friday .
Earlier this week , the BBC reported the plan was being considered as a `` last resort '' .
It comes as NHS Providers warned some hospitals ' supplies could run out in 24 hours .
Chris Hopson , head of the association , which represents healthcare trusts across England , said in a tweet : `` @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the national stock of fully fluid repellent gowns and long-sleeved laboratory coats will be exhausted in the next twenty-four to forty-eight hours . ''
He said that national leaders have left `` no stone unturned '' - but gowns that were ordered weeks ago are currently only arriving in `` fits and starts '' .
Public Health England changed its guidance , which until now required long-sleeved , disposable , fluid-repellent gowns for people treating Covid-19 patients .
Now it says if these gowns are not available , staff can wear washable medical @ @ @ @ @ @ @ by the BBC said the measures were considered earlier this week to cope with `` acute supply shortages '' It comes as the UK recorded 847 new coronavirus-related deaths in hospitals on Thursday , taking the total to 14,576 .
• Why some NHS workers are wearing bin bags A Department of Health spokesman said : `` New clinical advice has been issued today to make sure that if there are shortages in one area , frontline staff know what PPE to wear instead to minimise risk . ''
And Health Secretary Matt @ @ @ @ @ @ @ be able to wave a magic wand '' to increase supply of personal protective equipment ( PPE ) .
`` But given that we have a global situation in which there is less PPE in the world than the world needs , obviously it 's going to be a huge pressure point , '' he told a virtual committee of MPs .
Mr Hancock admitted the supply of gowns was `` tight '' but said he was aiming to get enough gowns to staff this weekend .
He added that the government was @ @ @ @ @ @ @ that PPE to the front line '' .
• A SIMPLE GUIDE : How do I protect myself ?
• AVOIDING CONTACT : The rules on self-isolation and exercise • STRESS : How to look after your mental health Dr Rob Harwood , consultants committee chairman at the British Medical Association , said : `` If it 's being proposed that staff reuse equipment , this must be demonstrably driven by science and the best evidence - rather than availability - and it absolutely can not compromise the protection of healthcare workers .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ died .
More doctors and their colleagues can not be expected to put their own lives on the line in a bid to save others , and this new advice means they could be doing just that .
It 's not a decision they should have to make . ''
At least 50 NHS workers have now died after contracting coronavirus .
Shadow health secretary Jonathan Ashworth said : `` Week after week , we hear of problems in PPE getting to the front line despite what ministers tell us at Downing Street @ @ @ @ @ @ @ needs fixing and ministers must explain how they will fix it urgently . ''
• Testing will be rolled out to people working in public services such as police , fire and prison staff , the health secretary has said • Scientists at the University of Oxford say they should have at least a million doses of a coronavirus vaccine by September • Councils in England have warned that the coronavirus crisis is pushing them to the brink of financial failure • Chancellor Rishi Sunak has extended the government 's furlough scheme by @ @ @ @ @ @ @

"Too many healthcare workers have already died. More doctors and their colleagues cannot be expected to put their own lives on the line in a bid to save others, and this new advice means they could be doing just that. It's not a decision they should have to make."


bbcuk--2020-04-17--Coronavirus: Captain Tom Moore passes £20m in NHS fundraising

A 99-year-old war veteran has been left `` speechless '' after raising more than £20m for the NHS .
Capt Tom Moore originally aimed to raise just £1,000 for NHS Charities Together by completing 100 laps of his garden before his 100th birthday .
The Duke of Cambridge hailed him as a `` one-man fundraising machine '' .
His daughter Hannah Ingram-Moore said : `` There are no words left to say .
We can not believe people 's generosity and he 's just floored by it . ''
Ms Ingram-Moore continued : `` We 're all speechless .
It @ @ @ @ @ @ @ started .
We 're just working our socks off supporting him and this phenomenon .
`` Yesterday we did 35 interviews and another 17 today but the Yorkshireman takes it all in his stride .
`` He 's become an A-list celebrity .
I 'm just the sidekick . ''
More than 976,000 people have now made donations to his JustGiving page .
And more than half a million people have called for Capt Tom to be knighted in a petition to the Honours Committee .
The petition , which was set up @ @ @ @ @ @ @ than 553,000 signatures after his efforts grabbed the nation 's attention .
Prime Minister Boris Johnson has said he is looking at ways to recognise his `` heroic efforts '' .
As he finished the challenge on Thursday , having raised about £14m , Capt Tom said it was `` an absolutely fantastic sum of money '' .
In a tweet , he said he would be doing `` less walking '' on Friday but would be talking to TV channels in the United States , Argentina , Europe and the Middle East @ @ @ @ @ @ @ said the sum of money was `` absolutely enormous '' and `` very difficult to imagine '' .
He also thanked everyone who had donated for their support .
`` I say thank you very much indeed .
I appreciate it because the object for which we 're donating is so important and so necessary ...
I think you 're all so kind and thoughtful contributing to this cause , '' he said .
The total includes an undisclosed donation from the Duke of Cambridge , who , with the Duchess of Cambridge @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the veteran .
Prince William said : `` It 's amazing and what I love also is that he 's a 99-year-old war vet .
`` He 's been around a long time , he knows everything and it 's wonderful that everyone has been inspired by his story and his determination .
`` He 's a one-man fundraising machine and God knows what the final total will be .
But good on him , and I hope it keeps going . ''
In response , Capt Tom said : `` It 's @ @ @ @ @ @ @ say something like that . ''
He also said it was `` a moment we will never forget '' .
Capt Tom , who is originally from Keighley in West Yorkshire , has seemingly risen from nowhere to the status of near national treasure .
Keighley Town Council has tweeted that it will `` honour the fundraising hero '' with the freedom of the town .
Capt Tom began raising funds to thank NHS staff who helped him with treatment for cancer and a broken hip .
With the aid of a walking @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the 25-metre ( 82ft ) loop in his garden in Marston Moretaine , Bedfordshire , in 10-lap chunks well before his birthday on 30 April .
NHS Charities Together said it was `` truly inspired and humbled '' by his efforts .
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bbcuk--2020-04-17--MasterChef: BBC One cookery show chooses 2020 champion

After eight draining weeks of culinary challenges , Thomas Frake has become the latest winner of BBC One 's MasterChef .
The 32-year-old , who lives in London and works in finance , beat 31-year-old David Rickett and 24-year-old Sandy Tang to become the show 's 16th winner .
Friday 's grand final saw the remaining three chefs cook three courses for judges John Torode and Gregg Wallace .
Torode described the winner as `` a real talent '' and `` a grafter '' , while Wallace praised his `` definitive style '' .
Thomas 's winning menu began with @ @ @ @ @ @ @ cheek main and finished with a salted caramel custard tart dessert .
Wallace called his `` exceptional '' efforts `` proper , old-fashioned , hearty grub '' that `` had his heart and his soul in every single forkful '' .
Thomas , who beat 59 other amateur cooks to win the MasterChef 2020 trophy , said his victory was `` a dream come true '' .
`` I ca n't see me not working in food for the rest of my life because it just makes me happy seeing other people happy @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Born in east London and raised with his three younger brothers in London and Kent , he now lives in south London with his girlfriend .
He said his ambition was to one day own a gastropub - `` maybe a classic East End boozer or a picturesque country pub . ''
The 2020 MasterChef final is available to view on BBC iPlayer .
Follow us on Facebook , or on Twitter @ BBCNewsEnts .
If you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news @ bbc.co.uk .

"I can't see me not working in food for the rest of my life because it just makes me happy seeing other people happy with it," he continued.


bbcuk--2020-04-17--Cornish dad bakes pasty the size of his newborn son

A dad has made a pasty the same size and weight as his newborn son .
It took Tim Fuge 19 hours to eat the 2.8kg ( 6.4lb ) beef pasty in honour of Jowan 's birth during lockdown .
The 33-year-old said the trickiest part was not making it but finding a baking tray big enough to cook it on .
`` I added all the ingredients on the scale and it came out bang up to how much the baby weighed when he was born , '' said the father of three from Cornwall .
The pasty is @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and is half a metre ( 50cm ) in diameter - the same length as Jowan , who is two weeks old .
It has a filling of beef skirt , which cooks at the same speed as the swede , onion and potatoes accompanying it .
Mr Fuge who ended using the grill pan from his oven to cook the giant pasty , had only made the traditional Cornish food for the first time last week .
`` That was exactly the same but of a bit more modest size , '' @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to make pasties because our favourite pasty shops [ had ] shut . ''
Mr Fuge started making the giant pasty on Thursday and spent two-and-a-half hours working on it so it was ready for lunchtime .
`` I only managed to eat half of it at lunch and had the other half this morning .
I am absolutely stuffed , '' Mr Fuge said .
The self-employed lead worker said he is grateful for the extra time he can spend with his family during lockdown as he said he `` would n't @ @ @ @ @ @ @ I was still working '' .
`` I 'm trying not to think of the financial side of things but enjoy the time I never thought I 'd have with my kids , '' he said .
• A SIMPLE GUIDE : How do I protect myself ?
• AVOIDING CONTACT : The rules on self-isolation and exercise • MAPS AND CHARTS : Visual guide to the outbreak • STRESS : How to look after your mental health

The self-employed lead worker said he is grateful for the extra time he can spend with his family during lockdown as he said he "wouldn't have had time to do this if I was still working".


bbcuk--2020-04-17--Coronavirus: Premier League clubs committed to completing season

Finishing the season in a 40-day window was one of the scenarios discussed at a Premier League meeting on Friday .
Top-flight clubs remain committed to playing all 92 remaining fixtures this season but did not discuss a deadline by which action must resume .
Clubs were expected to debate a 30 June deadline to end the season but instead discussed `` possible scheduling models '' .
The Premier League said it `` remains our objective '' to complete matches but currently `` all dates are tentative '' .
The league has been suspended since 13 March because of coronavirus @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to discuss the proposed 30 June deadline at Friday 's meeting but it was decided this was not the right time to do so .
A Premier League spokesperson said `` in common with other businesses and industries '' clubs were `` working through complex planning scenarios '' .
`` Today 's shareholders ' meeting provided an opportunity to discuss possible scheduling models , '' it added .
`` It remains our objective to complete the 2019-20 season but at this stage all dates are tentative while the impact of Covid-19 develops .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ teams have nine games to play , with four having 10 left .
Earlier this month the Premier League said play will only resume when `` it is safe and appropriate to do so '' .
The number of coronavirus-related deaths in the UK has since risen to more than 12,000 .
On Thursday , the government issued a further three-week lockdown to ensure social distancing and manage the spread of the virus .
BBC sports editor Dan Roan has learned Culture Secretary Oliver Dowden spoke to Premier League bosses this week and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to start contingency planning .
But nothing will be taken forward without the green light from the government , in accordance with medical advice .
In a section on player welfare at the meeting , it was decided tests for coronavirus would have to be widely available to the public before the widespread testing of players .
When and how football resumes has been widely debated across the sport as clubs face up to financial difficulties and the logistical issues caused by a late finish to the season .
The contracts of numerous @ @ @ @ @ @ @ those of Chelsea midfielder Willian and Tottenham defender Jan Vertonghen .
If the season is extended beyond that date there is a possibility clubs will lose players before fixtures are concluded .
World governing body Fifa is aware of the problem and is looking at alternatives such as rolling contract extensions .
The 30 June date is also an issue for clubs around agreed changes in kit manufacturers .
Liverpool are due to change shirt manufacturers from New Balance to Nike , while Watford and Newcastle are also set to use new suppliers @ @ @ @ @ @ @ how the season should be dealt with 39 % of respondents wanted to 'declare the season null and void ' , with 28 % opting to 'finish the season no matter how long it takes ' .
Uefa has pleaded for leagues to give them time to return with their own proposals for ending the season across Europe .
European football 's governing body will meet next week to further discuss plans which include potentially using the Champions League final to end the 2019-20 season on 29 August .
Lower down the football @ @ @ @ @ @ @ sent a letter to clubs recommending they return to training on 16 May at the earliest .
The EFL has not discussed a league restart date with the government but told clubs : `` Our planning needs to be agile enough to allow us to be as prepared as possible for a start at relatively short notice . ''
'Eight weeks enough to complete season' In the end , the 30 June deadline demand some were so keen to push earlier in the week was never raised .
The feeling that today 's @ @ @ @ @ @ @ widen the debate and the Premier League desire for a united front was strong enough to dissuade a discussion that would have extended the chat , which was wrapped up in under two hours .
Individual clubs will go away to continue discussions with players about wage cuts and deferrals and wait to see what comes out of two Uefa meetings next week .
Before their next scheduled meeting on 1 May , lessons should also be absorbed from Germany .
Some Bundesliga players have already returned to their clubs for training under @ @ @ @ @ @ @ home and returning to shower after picking up some food .
A Bundesliga meeting on Thursday will offer guidance on if and when this can be stepped up following the revised regulations announced by German Chancellor Angela Merkel on Wednesday .
It will start to offer the Premier League some kind of clarity over the major discussions today , which centred around different start and end dates to play the remainder of the 2019-20 campaign .
At the moment , it is felt eight weeks will be enough from returning to training in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ nine rounds of games to complete the season .
Germany 's experience will help frame whether that prospect is a realistic one .
In the meantime , as has been the case since matches were first called off five weeks ago , the only certainty is uncertainty .
What about other European leagues ?
The body that represents Europe 's top leagues says when football does return it will `` no doubt '' be played behind closed doors .
At present , the state of play in the continent 's top leagues is @ @ @ @ @ @ @ returned to training but the season is still suspended until 30 April .
Spain 's La Liga : There will be no training until emergency measures in place are lifted and La Liga president Javier Tebas says resuming play on 28 May is a best-case scenario .
France 's Ligue 1 : French football authorities are considering restarting Ligue 1 on 3 or 17 June , with the latter date the more likely , according to sports daily L'Equipe .
Italy 's Serie A : The Italian Football Federation ( IFF ) hopes @ @ @ @ @ @ @ at the start of May , in preparation for the season to resume .

Last updated on .From the section Premier League
Premier League football has been suspended since 13 March
Finishing the season in a 40-day window was one of the scenarios discussed at a Premier League meeting on Friday.
Top-flight clubs remain committed to playing all 92 remaining fixtures this season but did not discuss a deadline by which action must resume.
Clubs were expected to debate a 30 June deadline to end the season but instead discussed "possible scheduling models".
The Premier League said it "remains our objective" to complete matches but currently "all dates are tentative".
The league has been suspended since 13 March because of coronavirus.
It is understood some clubs expected to discuss the proposed 30 June deadline at Friday's meeting but it was decided this was not the right time to do so.
A Premier League spokesperson said "in common with other businesses and industries" clubs were "working through complex planning scenarios".
"Today's shareholders' meeting provided an opportunity to discuss possible scheduling models," it added.
"It remains our objective to complete the 2019-20 season but at this stage all dates are tentative while the impact of Covid-19 develops."
Sixteen of the 20 Premier League teams have nine games to play, with four having 10 left.
Earlier this month the Premier League said play will only resume when "it is safe and appropriate to do so". The number of coronavirus-related deaths in the UK has since risen to more than 12,000.
On Thursday, the government issued a further three-week lockdown to ensure social distancing and manage the spread of the virus.
BBC sports editor Dan Roan has learned Culture Secretary Oliver Dowden spoke to Premier League bosses this week and signalled the government was content for them to start contingency planning.
But nothing will be taken forward without the green light from the government, in accordance with medical advice.
In a section on player welfare at the meeting, it was decided tests for coronavirus would have to be widely available to the public before the widespread testing of players.
When and how football resumes has been widely debated across the sport as clubs face up to financial difficulties and the logistical issues caused by a late finish to the season.
The contracts of numerous players expire on 30 June, including those of Chelsea midfielder Willian and Tottenham defender Jan Vertonghen.
If the season is extended beyond that date there is a possibility clubs will lose players before fixtures are concluded.
World governing body Fifa is aware of the problem and is looking at alternatives such as rolling contract extensions.
The 30 June date is also an issue for clubs around agreed changes in kit manufacturers. Liverpool are due to change shirt manufacturers from New Balance to Nike, while Watford and Newcastle are also set to use new suppliers.
In a BBC Sport vote on how the season should be dealt with 39% of respondents wanted to 'declare the season null and void', with 28% opting to 'finish the season no matter how long it takes'.
Uefa has pleaded for leagues to give them time to return with their own proposals for ending the season across Europe.
European football's governing body will meet next week to further discuss plans which include potentially using the Champions League final to end the 2019-20 season on 29 August.
Lower down the football pyramid in England, the EFL has sent a letter to clubs recommending they return to training on 16 May at the earliest.
The EFL has not discussed a league restart date with the government but told clubs: "Our planning needs to be agile enough to allow us to be as prepared as possible for a start at relatively short notice."
'Eight weeks enough to complete season'
BBC Sport's Simon Stone
In the end, the 30 June deadline demand some were so keen to push earlier in the week was never raised.
The feeling that today's meeting was not the right time to widen the debate and the Premier League desire for a united front was strong enough to dissuade a discussion that would have extended the chat, which was wrapped up in under two hours.
Individual clubs will go away to continue discussions with players about wage cuts and deferrals and wait to see what comes out of two Uefa meetings next week.
Before their next scheduled meeting on 1 May, lessons should also be absorbed from Germany.
Some Bundesliga players have already returned to their clubs for training under social distancing rules - getting changed at home and returning to shower after picking up some food.
A Bundesliga meeting on Thursday will offer guidance on if and when this can be stepped up following the revised regulations announced by German Chancellor Angela Merkel on Wednesday.
It will start to offer the Premier League some kind of clarity over the major discussions today, which centred around different start and end dates to play the remainder of the 2019-20 campaign.
At the moment, it is felt eight weeks will be enough from returning to training in order to regain match fitness and play nine rounds of games to complete the season.
Germany's experience will help frame whether that prospect is a realistic one.
In the meantime, as has been the case since matches were first called off five weeks ago, the only certainty is uncertainty.
What about other European leagues?
The body that represents Europe's top leagues says when football does return it will "no doubt" be played behind closed doors.
At present, the state of play in the continent's top leagues is:
Germany's Bundesliga: Clubs have returned to training but the season is still suspended until 30 April.
Spain's La Liga: There will be no training until emergency measures in place are lifted and La Liga president Javier Tebas says resuming play on 28 May is a best-case scenario.
France's Ligue 1: French football authorities are considering restarting Ligue 1 on 3 or 17 June, with the latter date the more likely, according to sports daily L'Equipe.
Italy's Serie A: The Italian Football Federation (IFF) hopes to begin testing players for the virus at the start of May, in preparation for the season to resume.


bbcuk--2020-04-17--Coronavirus: English councils 'on brink of financial failure'

Councils in England have warned that the coronavirus crisis is pushing them to the brink of financial failure .
The Local Government Association said that without more funding some authorities would be forced to cut `` vital '' services .
Councils face increased costs from supporting vulnerable people , while income from fees and rates is falling .
The government said it was providing £1.6bn extra to help them `` provide services '' during the pandemic .
The LGA welcomed this , but said more money was needed and called for a `` cast-iron commitment '' to cover the costs @ @ @ @ @ @ @ already under severe financial strain before the coronavirus crisis , particularly those responsible for social care .
Since 2010 many local authorities have had to cut services to balance the books .
The crisis has resulted in extra pressure on services that support the most vulnerable : the elderly , disabled and homeless .
At the same time income from fees and charges has dried up , and there 's fear that council tax revenues may fall as people face financial hardship .
At the start of this crisis , council leaders said @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of support .
Now - with so much demand on the Treasury - there 's scepticism about how much more funding will be forthcoming .
Local government , which often feels like a forgotten frontline service , wants to ensure its voice is heard among the calls for support .
Hence this stark warning about the potential consequences for crucial services if it does n't get more cash .
The LGA says councils are spending more on helping disabled , older and homeless people through the crisis , but are no longer raising @ @ @ @ @ @ @ which have been suspended .
Richard Watts , chairman of the LGA 's resources board , said : `` Additional funding is urgently needed to help councils get through this crisis , support the vulnerable and adapt to life once we defeat this virus , when our local services will be needed more than ever to help communities rebuild .
`` It would be wrong and unacceptable if councils are then forced to make further cutbacks to the very services that will have helped the nation through this crisis and the key workers @ @ @ @ @ @ @ line see their jobs placed at risk . ''
The government has announced councils will be able to defer £2.6bn in business rate payments owed to central government .
A Ministry of Housing , Communities and Local Government spokesperson said : `` We 've already provided £1.6bn of additional funding and have announced new measures to help ease immediate cash flow pressures faced by councils in England . ''

"It would be wrong and unacceptable if councils are then forced to make further cutbacks to the very services that will have helped the nation through this crisis and the key workers who are producing heroics on the front line see their jobs placed at risk."


bbcuk--2020-04-17--Coronavirus vaccine: Target of a million doses by September, scientists say

Scientists at the University of Oxford say they should have at least a million doses of a coronavirus vaccine by September this year .
The UK government , which is backing the project , said there were `` no guarantees '' and it was not possible to put a date on a vaccine .
The first patients are expected to take part in the Oxford trials next week .
However , it is still too soon to know whether it will be either safe or effective .
Most experts still estimate it will take 12 to 18 months to develop @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the immune system to prevent people developing a disease , such as Covid-19 .
If enough people become immune then the coronavirus would not be able to spread so effectively and social distancing measures would no longer be necessary .
Approximately 80 groups around the world , including major pharmaceutical companies , are trying to develop a vaccine and some have already begun human trials .
This research is taking place at unprecedented speed - years of work are being condensed into months .
• A SIMPLE GUIDE : How do I protect @ @ @ @ @ @ @ rules on self-isolation and exercise • STRESS : How to look after your mental health What have Oxford done ?
The team at the University of Oxford had been preparing for an event like the Covid-19 pandemic before the current global outbreak .
They had already created a genetically engineered chimpanzee virus that would form the basis for the new vaccine .
They then combined it with parts of the new coronavirus .
The result is , hopefully , a safe virus that trains the immune system to fight Covid-19 .
The big @ @ @ @ @ @ @ actually work .
Prof Sarah Gilbert , the lead researcher developing the vaccine , says she is 80 % sure it will .
`` This is my view , because I 've worked with this technology a lot , and I 've worked on the Mers-vaccine trials [ another type of coronavirus ] , and I 've seen what that can do .
`` And , I think , it has a very strong chance of working . ''
When will it be ready ?
The team are already putting plans in place @ @ @ @ @ @ @ before they know whether it will work .
`` The aim is to have at least a million doses by about September , once you know the vaccine efficacy results and then move even faster from there , '' said Prof Adrian Hill , who runs the Jenner Institute at Oxford , .
`` It 's pretty clear the world is going to need hundreds of millions of doses , ideally by the end of this year , to end this pandemic , to lead us out of lockdown .
He described a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ target '' and vaccines as `` the exit strategy '' for coronavirus .
When will we know the results ?
The researchers hope to know if their vaccine is effective in the next few months .
However , the success of lockdown could prove a stumbling block , as if the number of coronavirus cases fall , then it will take longer to know whether the vaccine is effective .
There are discussions about whether it would be safe to deliberately infect people in order to get answers faster .
What is the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a coronavirus taskforce to support the rapid development and manufacture of a vaccine .
Business Secretary Alok Sharma said a vaccine was a `` colossal undertaking '' and there `` are no guarantees '' .
`` But the government is backing our scientists , betting big to maximise the chance of success , '' he said .
It is funding 21 new research projects and is working to scale up manufacturing so a vaccine could be produced in mass quantities .
Chief scientific adviser Sir Patrick Vallance , who will lead the taskforce @ @ @ @ @ @ @ that the successful vaccine could come from anywhere .
Sir Patrick said : `` Just to put some realism on vaccine development , each single project does not have a high probability of success .
`` So although everyone goes out with great enthusiasm and we hope they work , it 's never the case that you know you 've got a vaccine that 's going to work . ''
It remains the view of scientists advising the UK government and of the World Health Organization that 12-18 months is a more realistic @ @ @ @ @

"The aim is to have at least a million doses by about September, once you know the vaccine efficacy results and then move even faster from there," said Prof Adrian Hill, who runs the Jenner Institute at Oxford, .


bbcuk--2020-04-17--Coronavirus: Britons warned about making summer holiday plans

People should not book holidays until current social distancing rules are relaxed , Downing Street has suggested .
No 10 said official guidance designed to suppress the spread of coronavirus did `` not allow '' for non-essential travel within the UK or overseas .
The pandemic has severely curtailed air travel although UK airlines are looking at how to operate after the lockdown .
Transport Secretary Grant Shapps said he would not book a summer break at the moment due to the current uncertainty .
Asked during an interview on Radio 4 's Today for his advice for people who @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , Mr Shapps said : `` Clearly people will want to see what the trajectory of this disease is in the next few weeks .
`` We are not seeing declines yet .
I wo n't be booking a summer holiday at this point , let 's put it that way . ''
The body which represents travel companies reacted angrily , saying the comments were `` thoughtless '' and risked undermining confidence in the industry .
`` It shows complete disregard for the UK travel industry , the hundreds of thousands of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ is facing in this current crisis , '' Abta said in a statement .
`` It would be better if the government focused on taking the necessary steps to support the sector . ''
The lockdown - in which non-essential travel and public , non-family gatherings of more than two people are prohibited - has been extended for at least another three weeks , with people being urged to continue staying at home to save lives .
The outlook for the summer months remains highly uncertain , both for those who booked holidays @ @ @ @ @ @ @ yet to make arrangements who hope to get away .
The Foreign Office has advised against all non-essential travel for an indefinite period .
Tui and Jet2 Holidays have cancelled all flights and package holidays until mid-May and mid-June respectively while the likes of BA , Virgin Atlantic and EasyJet have grounded many of their planes and furloughed staff in response to the travel restrictions introduced by countries around the world .
People have also been warned against domestic travel and visits to holiday and second homes , for fear they will spread @ @ @ @ @ @ @ has temporarily restricted UK bookings to key workers and `` essential stays '' .
A No 10 spokesman said travelling within the UK for holidays was `` not something which the current guidelines allow for '' and Foreign Office advice `` continues to be that you should go abroad for essential travel only '' .
`` While we are making progress in our fight against coronavirus we are not able to say with certainty the point at which social distancing measures can be relaxed , '' he added .
`` While we are @ @ @ @ @ @ @ we are not able to say with certainty the point at which social distancing measures can be relaxed , '' he added .
• A SIMPLE GUIDE : How do I protect myself ?
• MAPS AND CHARTS : Visual guide to the outbreak • STRESS : How to look after your mental health Aviation experts have warned that the crisis could fundamentally reshape the industry , with some airlines expected to suffer the same fate as FlyBe , which went into liquidation last month .
Carriers are looking at how to adapt @ @ @ @ @ @ @ rules remaining in place until a vaccine is found - thought to be a year to 18 months away .
EasyJet has said it plans to keep the middle seat on its planes empty when it resume flights .
It told the BBC earlier this week that winter bookings were ahead of last year , helped by customers who had rebooked tickets after the coronavirus disrupted their travel plans .

Asked during an interview on Radio 4's Today for his advice for people who would normally be considering their holiday plans, Mr Shapps said: "Clearly people will want to see what the trajectory of this disease is in the next few weeks.