bbcuk--2020-06-21--'Mum died and we were left to fend for ourselves'

The death of a parent is particularly distressing and destabilising for a child .
But then to lose the care and attention of the surviving parent can cause a damaging sense of abandonment ; a crack in a young person 's foundations .
Three women have spoken to the BBC about this experience .
`` I absolutely hated him and I still feel a lot of that hatred now , thinking of the things they did and said .
We were just children and we 'd just lost our mum and we really needed our dad to be around and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ for us . ''
Catherine was 13 when her mum died from cervical cancer .
It was n't long before her dad found someone new .
Catherine remembers it was a Friday when her mum died .
She was at school that day and got to the hospital too late to say goodbye .
`` It had pretty much just happened because the machines were still on so we literally just missed it , '' she says .
Her dad had shown little support in the lead-up to his wife 's death , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ her while he jetted off for weekend trips with Catherine 's two brothers .
She recalls the day she was told his new partner would join them on their annual camping trip , a year from her mother 's death .
`` I remember feeling excited and thinking 'this will be great ' .
I did n't have a sister and she had a daughter the same age as me . ''
But her stepmum did n't want her daughters to have anything to do with her .
Tears followed .
Her dad @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Far from that , he `` kissed and groped '' his new partner in front of everyone .
`` We were heartbroken .
It was just rubbed in our face . ''
Catherine 's relationship with her stepmum reached breaking point when she was 15 .
It was Father 's Day and they were arguing .
`` I was sat on the bed and I remember her saying to me , 'well I am your new mum now ' .
`` I lost it as it is the most upsetting thing you can @ @ @ @ @ @ @ their mum , because obviously they are irreplaceable . ''
Her childhood home was then sold , and her dog given away as her stepmum did n't want him .
Her dad bought a new house , but Catherine `` was n't invited '' .
`` There was a period of time where I did n't really know where I was going to live , '' she says .
Catherine got in with the wrong group of people and started drinking and taking drugs .
`` From the moment my dad met this @ @ @ @ @ @ @ for ourselves .
There was just no parental guidance . ''
The teenager was eventually told she could return home , and she took up the offer as she had `` limited options '' .
`` You feel like you are clinging on to other families and people are kind but you always feel like the odd one out .
`` Before my mum died we were all such a close family , everything was a celebration .
`` And literally when my mum died it was a completely different life ... and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ what we had to do to survive , and that for me would be spending as much time out of the house as possible . ''
Catherine left her family when she went to university .
The then 18-year-old had almost no contact with her father for the next six years , when she received news he 'd got cancer too .
She visited him a handful of times before he died six months later .
She says she read remorse all over him during their last few hours together .
`` I @ @ @ @ @ @ @ he regretted it massively . ''
Catherine , who has been married for two years , says her experiences have shaped the person she is now .
`` I think I 'm quite strong and independent but I think the thing I struggle with most is feeling like I do n't have a family . ''
'What about me ? '
`` From the age of 20 I 've had no parental input .
It has left me with self-esteem issues so I kind of grabbed on to any man that has been @ @ @ @ @ @ @ way without actually thinking 'what do I need from him ? '
I think I was trying to replace what I had lost - a family . ''
Vanessa had always been very close to her dad but he killed himself when she was 14 .
`` I had an idyllic first 11 years with my mum and dad and older sister , a family dog , and we lived in a nice house in Oxford and everything was fine , '' Vanessa recollects .
But all that changed after her dad 's @ @ @ @ @ @ @ out more .
`` Although I was absolutely fine with that , I felt somewhat neglected .
I was sort of shunted to anyone who could have me for the night , '' Vanessa says .
She turned to drink and drug-taking , something she believes is quite common for bereaved young people to do in a `` life-affirming sort of way '' .
`` When you do risky things you feel alive but you 're also saying 'death come and get me ' '' , she explains .
Her mum found a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , at which point there `` was no time spent with me , she was too busy doing her own thing '' .
`` I do n't think I felt angry ; part of me felt relieved she did n't give me much attention because I would have the freedom of doing what I wanted .
`` Indignant is the right word because I thought : 'What about me ? '
'' Vanessa was 19 and a university student in Aberdeen when her mother was diagnosed with a type of bone marrow cancer @ @ @ @ @ @ @ her but her mum only lived for another year .
The 56-year-old , who works for Cruse Bereavement Care , says she is happy her mother rebuilt a life for herself following her dad 's death , but having her around would have `` absolutely changed '' things .
`` She was bothered but she was n't present - that was the issue . ''
Vanessa , who has been through three failed marriages , says she feels her parents did n't purposely abandon her , but that is nonetheless the feeling she @ @ @ @ @ @ @ find it hard to value myself , which may come from a sense of abandonment , '' the mother of two says .
`` It 's been a funny old journey , but I 'm fine .
That old saying 'what does n't kill you makes you stronger ' , I think to some extent it 's true .
Dr Reenee Singh , CEO of the Association of Family Therapy , says there are many examples of step-parents doing a wonderful job .
However , she recommends the surviving parent should take their @ @ @ @ @ @ @ `` If a child does n't know what is happening and suddenly finds themselves in a brand-new situation , that can really be detrimental to a child 's mental health . ''
Building a new life is a `` complex '' task for everyone concerned , the clinical practitioner says .
`` The dilemma is how a new couple can form their own identity and a new family , and at the same time keep the dead parent 's memory alive in the right way . ''
Dr Singh points out that a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ parent , if they feel like they are `` too caught up with their new family '' .
She says it 's `` very helpful '' for the development of the bereaved child - and spouse - to maintain a relationship with the family of the deceased parent , but she points out that the new partner can be hesitant to help with this as they might `` want to distance themselves from the ghosts of the past '' .
`` The new partner should allow those links to flourish without feeling terribly @ @ @ @ @ @ @ parent , '' says Dr Singh .
'He turned to drinking every night' '' When they married , everything changed .
We rarely saw my dad as they were building their life together .
He even said he might not be able to come to my graduation . ''
Leila was 19 when her mum died of breast cancer after about 10 years of on-and-off treatment .
`` My dad did it all , '' Leila says , as she detailed the level of care her mother needed .
`` After being ill @ @ @ @ @ @ @ at the end it was almost a relief when she died .
I went back to uni and for me life returned to normal , '' Leila says .
Her dad stayed at home looking after her 16-year-old sister , but Leila was becoming more independent and often went out with friends .
`` He turned to drinking every night and would say things like he 'd gone to the supermarket for company , '' Leila says .
But her dad met a woman soon after and married within a year .
Leila @ @ @ @ @ @ @ opposite '' to her mother .
`` Our mum had given it all up to raise us and give us a secure , loving family life and had taken night jobs as a barmaid or on the tills in the supermarket so she could bring us up in the day .
`` Our stepmother had never married or had children and had concentrated her life on her teaching career and travelling in the holidays . ''
Leila is now 47 and has three children but `` things have n't changed '' , as @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a remote location and have `` cut themselves off from outside life '' .
Her dad and stepmum say they `` adore '' her children but have `` little involvement '' in their lives .
`` I feel quite resentful that life would have been so different if my mum had survived .
`` She would have been part of their upbringing and seen them on a regular basis . ''
If you 've been affected by any of the issues in this story , you can find help here .
Some names @ @ @

"From the age of 20 I've had no parental input. It has left me with self-esteem issues so I kind of grabbed on to any man that has been willing to be with me in any way without actually thinking 'what do I need from him?' I think I was trying to replace what I had lost - a family."


bbcuk--2020-06-22--Reading stabbings: American Joe Ritchie-Bennett named as victim

An American man is the second victim of the Reading stabbings to be named .
Joe Ritchie-Bennett had lived in the UK for 15 years , his father confirmed to US TV network CBS .
Teacher James Furlong and one other person also died .
Meanwhile , police continue to question the suspect in Saturday 's attack , Khairi Saadallah , who has been arrested under the Terrorism Act .
Sources told the BBC he was originally from Libya and came to the attention of MI5 in 2019 .
Two minute 's silence was held at 10:00 BST for the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ in shock as tributes paid to victims Robert Ritchie told CBS the family was `` heartbroken '' and described his son , who was originally from Philadelphia , as `` brilliant and loving '' .
US ambassador to the UK Woody Johnson confirmed that an American citizen was killed and condemned the attack .
He said : `` I offer my deepest condolences to the families of those killed .
To our great sorrow , this includes an American citizen .
Our thoughts are with all those affected . ''
People were invited @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 's Facebook page .
Reading Borough Council leader Jason Brock said the town was `` an incredibly strong community '' where `` people will come together and they wo n't allow themselves to be divided '' .
• What we know so far • Who were the victims ?
Mr Furlong , 36 , was head of history , government and politics at The Holt School in Wokingham .
His parents Gary and Janet described their son as `` beautiful , intelligent , honest and fun '' .
`` He was the best @ @ @ @ @ @ @ you could wish for .
We are thankful for the memories he gave us all , '' they said in a statement .
`` We will never forget him and he will live in our hearts forever . ''
More than 100 students , some holding hands , gathered at the gates as a bell rang out to mark the start of the silence at the school where Mr Furlong taught , while a flag in the courtyard was lowered to half-mast .
One former pupil , Molly Collins , told BBC Radio @ @ @ @ @ @ @ `` passionate and enthusiastic '' teacher who dedicated extra time to helping students progress .
`` I would n't have gone to university , I do n't think , had I not spoken about it with him .
He just really took the time to support me and make me more confident , '' she said .
Current pupils have also expressed their sadness at the news .
Sophie McEwan wrote on Instagram that Mr Furlong was `` an inspirational teacher , [ who ] genuinely cared for all of us students '' @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Thank you for being an incredible , enthusiastic teacher and lover of life . ''
Co-head teachers at Mr Furlong 's school said he `` truly inspired everyone he taught '' .
Anne Kennedy and Katie Pearce said in a statement : `` He was determined that our students would develop a critical awareness of global issues and in doing so , become active citizens and have a voice . ''
Martin Cooper said he had known Joe Richie-Bennett for four years and Mr Furlong for at least two , having met them @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a pub where they were regulars .
Mr Cooper , who is chief executive of LGBT+ charity Reading Pride , added that Mr Richie-Bennett and Mr Furlong were `` great supporters '' and members of the community .
`` Their loss is a tragedy to so many people , '' the 36-year-old from Reading said , adding that they were `` fun , engaging and a pleasure to be around '' .
Mr Furlong and his friend Mr Ritchie-Bennett were two of three people who died in Saturday 's attack at Reading 's @ @ @ @ @ @ @ called at about 19:00 BST .
Witnesses say a lone attacker with a knife shouted `` unintelligible words '' and stabbed several people who were in a group .
Security guard Sydney McDonald , 65 , said he saw the suspect being rugby-tackled to the ground by police and arrested shortly after the incident .
`` There was a guy and I saw him pointing to a man and saying 'There he is , there he is ' .
If he had n't , they would have missed him .
He was running @ @ @ @ @ @ @ They put the emergency brakes on , jumped out of the car and rugby-tackled him to the floor .
`` They put the handcuffs on , he was n't putting up a fight or anything like that , they picked him up and put him in the van , he just sat there all quiet , he was n't saying nothing . ''
Three other people suffered serious injuries in the attack , but only one remains in hospital , where his condition is described as stable.. Mr Saadallah , 25 , is @ @ @ @ @ @ @ suspicion of murder .
He was later re-arrested on Sunday under Section 41 of the Terrorism Act 2000 .
Under the Act , police have the power to detain him without charge for up to 14 days .
Police said they are not looking for anyone else in connection with the incident .
Sources told BBC 's home affairs correspondent Dominic Casciani that Mr Saadallah came to the attention of the security services after they received information he had aspirations to travel abroad - potentially for terrorism-related reasons .
However when the information @ @ @ @ @ @ @ immediate risk was identified , our correspondent said .
It meant that no case file was opened which would have made him a target for further investigation .
Sir Mark Rowley , a former national lead for counter-terrorism policing , told the BBC that MI5 has 3,000 people under investigation , but there are 40,000 who have `` touched the system '' at some point .
He said there were many volatile people who become interested in extremist ideology , but the security services faced a problem in identifying which of those would @ @ @ @ @ @ @ shadow home secretary Nick Thomas-Symonds said that with the Ministry of Justice 's budget having been cut by 40 % over ten years , the government needed to re-examine the resources available for de-radicalisation programmes in prisons , as well as monitoring , supervision and risk assessment of released prisoners .
Boris Johnson has held a meeting with security officials , police and senior ministers .
Home Secretary Priti Patel said investigations were under way to `` ensure justice is served '' but also to `` learn the lessons '' from what happened @ @ @ @ @ @ @ on the incident in Parliament later on Monday .
Labour leader Sir Keir Starmer has said that `` people are united in their grief '' following the attack , and that he wants to speak to the prime minister to discuss how to `` learn from this '' .

"He was the best son, brother, uncle and partner you could wish for. We are thankful for the memories he gave us all," they said in a statement. "We will never forget him and he will live in our hearts forever."


bbcuk--2020-06-22--Coronavirus: PM to announce on Tuesday if pubs can reopen

Boris Johnson is expected to announce on Tuesday if the hospitality sector can reopen on 4 July , and that the 2m distancing rule in England will be relaxed , with some conditions .
Non-essential shops have reopened in England already , with retail resuming in Wales from today .
Health Secretary Matt Hancock earlier said England is `` clearly on track '' to further ease lockdown restrictions .
But No 10 warned the moves would be reversed if they led to a virus surge .
The PM will discuss England 's approach to the changes with the Covid-19 Strategy @ @ @ @ @ @ @ safe to relax the 2m rule ?
Mr Johnson will give an update on the next stage of lockdown easing in Parliament on Tuesday .
He is also expected to announce a reduction in the 2m social distancing rule to 1m , with some mitigating measures .
The change to the rule , which follows a government review , is expected to come into effect on 4 July .
Labour MPs have called for ministers to be transparent on the review 's findings .
On Sunday shadow health secretary Jon Ashworth said opposition @ @ @ @ @ @ @ introduced on face-shielding , and testing and tracing .
Earlier Security Minister James Brokenshire said the 2m rule review would be informed by scientific evidence but also `` experience around the world as well '' .
He told BBC Breakfast it was also important to recognise the importance of other factors on safety , such as whether people are indoors or outside , or whether they are wearing face coverings .
He added that the review would also take into account the latest understanding of how the virus is transmitted , which `` @ @ @ @ @ @ @ weeks '' .
• A SIMPLE GUIDE : How do I protect myself ?
• IMPACT : What the virus does to the body • RECOVERY : How long does it take ?
• LOCKDOWN : How can we lift restrictions ?
• ENDGAME : How do we get out of this mess ?
Mr Hancock has suggested that customers may have to register when entering pubs and bars so they can easily be traced if they come into contact with a coronavirus case .
Asked on Sunday about plans for registration and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ said : `` I would n't rule it out .
It is n't a decision we 've taken yet , but there are other countries in the world that take that approach . ''
He added that he `` very much hoped '' the 2m rule can be lowered , with `` mitigations '' to cut the risk of transmission .
The government has come under pressure from the hospitality sector to lower the rule , with many saying it would be impossible to trade under the current restrictions .
Mr Johnson said @ @ @ @ @ @ @ '' to the roadmap it announced for England in May .
In phase two , at the start of June , the plan allowed the opening of non-essential retail and the return of more pupils to school .
When the PM announced the roadmap , he said phase three would allow for some pubs , restaurants , cinemas and other hospitality venues to reopen at the start of July `` at the earliest '' .
Some Tory MPs and members of the hospitality sector have been appealing to the government to lower the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ venues say they would be unable to open otherwise .
The World Health Organization recommends a distance of at least 1m ( just over 3ft ) , but the UK government 's scientific advisers say that distance carries up to 10 times the risk of being 2m apart .
The other nations of the UK are yet to announce any plans to change the 2m distance rule .
No 10 said `` detailed guidance '' would be published for each sector `` so businesses that do open can be Covid-secure '' as part @ @ @ @ @ @ @ on Tuesday , the PM is expected to warn the public they must continue to follow social distancing guidelines to `` keep the coronavirus under control '' .
He will also reiterate pledges to use the NHS Test and Trace system to detect and control local outbreaks through `` targeted lockdowns '' .
A No 10 spokesman said : `` The reason we are able to move forward this week is because the vast majority of people have taken steps to contain the virus .
`` The more we open up , the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the social distancing rules .
`` We will not hesitate to put the handbrake on to stop the virus running out of control . ''
• THE NEXT MUST-SEE DRAMA IN LOCKDOWN : The Salisbury Poisonings

Asked on Sunday about plans for registration and ordering drinks through smartphone apps, he said: "I wouldn't rule it out. It isn't a decision we've taken yet, but there are other countries in the world that take that approach."


bbcuk--2020-06-22--Coronavirus: Anglesey local lockdown 'possibility' for Llangefni factory outbreak

A local lockdown could be enforced to get the coronavirus outbreak at a food factory under control , Public Health Wales has said .
Giri Shankar said `` aggressive control measures '' were being used on Anglesey to stop the infection .
So far 158 workers at 2 Sisters in Llangefni have tested positive for Covid-19 .
All staff are self-isolating and the factory has closed as workers continue to be tested .
Dr Shankar told BBC Radio Wales local lockdowns could be something `` we need to consider '' .
• Anglesey schools will not open after 2 Sisters @ @ @ @ @ @ @ is localised to members of staff working in that particular factory , '' he said .
`` There is no evidence of widespread community transmission , but therefore I think at this point of time we need to weigh all the options carefully before going into a blanket lockdown .
`` It is a possibility , providing there is enough evidence to support such an action .
`` We need to see how the outbreak progresses . ''
An outbreak team was established last week .
`` That has been meeting daily and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ can halt the spread of the infection , '' Dr Shankar said .
`` At the moment all the employees at that particular factory have been offered testing . ''
`` Of the remaining tests that are still out in the lab we still expect to see a further increase but all the control measures are in place , the staff are self-isolating and the factory is temporarily closed , '' Dr Shankar said .
He was confident the outbreak could be contained if people followed self-isolation advice .
`` As we begin @ @ @ @ @ @ @ clusters of outbreaks will occur and we do expect these , '' he said .
`` And these will uncover a pocket of asymptomatic infection that existed .
`` So we should n't be surprised , but we should be concerned and take swift action . ''
Economy Minister Ken Skates has said it is essential to keep the Anglesey outbreak `` as local as possible '' .
On Sunday he did not rule out restrictions remaining in place on Anglesey .
He said : `` That will help contain the virus , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Anglesey open up its economy sooner , and that is something I think the island will welcome and I think the entire population of Wales will welcome . ''
2 Sisters has said `` the health , safety and well-being of our colleagues is ultimately the thing that matters most '' .
It said it would not tolerate unnecessary risks to its workforce at the plant .
• A SIMPLE GUIDE : How do I protect myself ?
• IMPACT : What the virus does to the body • RECOVERY : How long @ @ @ @ @ @ @ How can we lift restrictions ?
• ENDGAME : How do we get out of this mess ?

"And then we will take the action that is required in a way that responds directly to the outbreak, but doesn't do so in a way that unfairly places restrictions on people where there would be no public health advantage to doing so".


bbcuk--2020-06-22--Stonehenge: Neolithic monument found near sacred site

Archaeologists have discovered a ring of prehistoric shafts , dug thousands of years ago near Stonehenge .
Fieldwork has revealed evidence of a 1.2 mile ( 2km ) wide circle of large shafts measuring more than 10m in diameter and 5m in depth .
They surround the ancient settlement of Durrington Walls , two miles ( 3km ) from Stonehenge .
Tests suggest the ground works are Neolithic and were excavated more than 4,500 years ago .
Experts believe the 20 or more shafts may have served as a boundary to a sacred area connected to the henge .
A @ @ @ @ @ @ @ St Andrews , Birmingham , Warwick , Glasgow and the University of Wales Trinity Saint David worked on the project .
Dr Richard Bates , from St Andrews ' School of Earth and Environmental Sciences , said : `` Remote sensing and careful sampling is giving us an insight to the past that shows an even more complex society than we could ever imagine .
`` Clearly sophisticated practices demonstrate that the people were so in tune with natural events to an extent that we can barely conceive in the modern world .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ from the shafts that were tested `` contain a rich and fascinating archive of previously unknown environmental information '' .
He said studying the finds allowed archaeologists to `` write detailed narratives of the Stonehenge landscape for the last 4,000 years '' .
You may also like : • Family photo from 1875 may be earliest at monument Dr Nick Snashall , National Trust archaeologist for the Stonehenge World Heritage Site , hailed the `` astonishing discovery '' .
She said : `` As the place where the builders of Stonehenge lived and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the story of the wider Stonehenge landscape , and this astonishing discovery offers us new insights into the lives and beliefs of our Neolithic ancestors .
`` The Hidden Landscapes team have combined cutting-edge , archaeological fieldwork with good old-fashioned detective work to reveal this extraordinary discovery and write a whole new chapter in the story of the Stonehenge landscape . ''
The announcement of the discovery comes after the Summer Solstice , which took place online this year as the annual gathering at Stonehenge was cancelled due to coronavirus .

"The pits are massive by any estimate. As far as we can tell they are nearly vertical sided; that is we can't see any narrowing that might imply some sort of shaft. Some of the silts suggest relatively slow filling of the pits. In other words they were cut and left open," added Prof Gaffney.


bbcuk--2020-06-22--Coronavirus lockdown easing: Families to be allowed to meet indoors

Up to six members of a family are to be allowed to meet indoors for the first time since the Covid-19 lockdown restrictions came into force .
The move is due to be confirmed by the executive later .
It is understood ministers will also discuss the 2m distancing rule , funding for childcare and school dinners , as well as the use of facemasks .
Under current lockdown rules , people in Northern Ireland are allowed to gather outside in groups of 10 or fewer .
But visiting people indoors in their own homes is only permitted for adults @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a `` support bubble '' with one other household .
Places of worship , which are currently only open for private prayer , have been told they can provisionally reopen on a wider basis from 29 June and preparations are under way to restart public church services .
Northern Ireland 's hotels , bars , restaurants and cafes will be allowed to reopen from 3 July , while hairdressers , barbers and beauty salons will be able to reopen on 6 July .
It was to be part of phase one of Stormont @ @ @ @ @ @ @ advice warned against allowing relatives to meet indoors because of concerns around social distancing .
But the move will get the green light from ministers today .
As is already the case in the Republic of Ireland , up to six members of a family will be allowed to gather indoors at any one time - as long as they take the necessary precautions .
Also on the agenda today will be providing extra funding for childcare and finding the cash to provide food over the summer holiday for the 97,000 children entitled @ @ @ @ @ @ @ has already agreed to the move which , it is thought , will cost an extra £12m .
As for the rest of the measures , you can see them fall into place .
When Boris Johnson moves from two metres to one metre , the executive may well follow suit in due course , maybe not today but we may well hear more of that before the end of the week .
In the Republic of Ireland , almost everything is getting the green light on 29 June .
Nightclubs , discos @ @ @ @ @ @ @ are among the only things not getting the go-ahead .
Meanwhile , with just a week to go before parking and bus lane fines are reintroduced , motorists who break the rules are being issued with `` warnings '' from Monday .
On-street parking charges and bus lane enforcement were suspended on 24 March as part of the coronavirus lockdown .
But enforcement teams are back on the streets from 22 June to prepare for the return of charges and fines on 29 June .
Infrastructure Minister Nichola Mallon said it was part @ @ @ @ @ @ @ businesses .
In a statement , she acknowledged that the return of parking charges and bus lane fines `` may not be popular for some '' but added that she had to consider the needs of all road users .
`` I recognise the need to give people time to prepare and to make them aware of this change , which is why I have built in a seven-day warning period ahead of the reintroduction of parking charges , '' Ms Mallon said .
`` As shops reopen , we are seeing an @ @ @ @ @ @ @ urge car users to park responsibly at all times and play their part as we all move towards returning to the new normal . ''
Before on-street parking charges return next week , Ms Mallon said all pay and display parking machine key pads `` will be cleaned and disinfected prior to the restart '' .
She advised drivers to carry hand sanitiser and encouraged them to consider using cashless payment methods .
The return of parking fines and traffic penalties will be an unwelcome development for many motorists but they are just @ @ @ @ @ @ @ as lockdown is gradually eased .

Professor Ian Young, chief scientific advisor to the Department of Health, said he was confident people would want to wear face coverings when they understood they would help to protect loved ones when they meet indoors.


bbcuk--2020-06-22--British Gas owner plans to launch low-cost energy brand

The UK 's biggest household energy supplier , British Gas , will soon face competition from a new , cheaper supplier from its own stable .
Parent Centrica has been trialling a digital-only `` challenger '' brand under the name British Gas X amid the highly competitive world of energy supply .
The company has been shedding customers and this month said it would cut 5,000 jobs .
Centrica would not comment but is expected to give more details in July .
A test website for British Gas X is already up and running .
It says the service is @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , with everything done online .
It also says customers will be able to `` switch at any time with no exit fees '' and that electricity consumed by customers will be matched with `` 100 % renewable '' sources .
Centrica plans to base its new no-frills service on this platform , however a final name has yet to be decided .
British Gas , once the sole supplier of gas to the country , is still the dominant force in energy supply with more than seven million customers , but it @ @ @ @ @ @ @ it lost almost 290,000 customers .
Energy regulator Ofgem says there are currently around 60 suppliers operating around the country , and the landscape continues to evolve .
Until recently supply was dominated by a `` Big Six '' but that is breaking down .
Incomer Ovo recently bought major supplier SSE , and medium-sized players such as Shell-backed First Utility are making inroads .
Meanwhile , a clutch of smaller entrants have tried and failed to make money in this market , with more than 20 going under in the past year @ @ @ @ @ @ @ by its new chief executive , Chris O'Shea .
He said the company had more than 80 different employee contracts , `` each with multiple variants , with many of the agreements dating back over 35 years '' , which , he said , needed to be modernised .
Centrica currently has about 27,000 employees , with 20,000 of these based in the UK .
In February , the firm blamed a big loss in 2019 on falling gas prices and the energy price cap .
The price cap on electricity and gas @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and was a flagship policy of former prime minister Theresa May to end what she called `` rip-off '' prices .
A number of energy companies have said the policy has affected their business and profits .
Centrica made a loss of £849m in the last calendar year compared with a £987m profit in 2018 .

Centrica's jobs shake-up was ordered by its new chief executive, Chris O'Shea. He said the company had more than 80 different employee contracts, "each with multiple variants, with many of the agreements dating back over 35 years", which, he said, needed to be modernised.


bbcuk--2020-06-22--BBC commits £100m to increasing diversity on TV

The BBC is to increase diversity by investing £100m of its TV budget over a three year period to produce `` diverse and inclusive content '' .
Director general Tony Hall has described the move , which will apply from April 2021 , as `` a big leap '' .
The BBC has also set itself a mandatory target of 20 % of talent i.e .
actors and presenters coming from BAME backgrounds .
The corporation will report on its progress in its annual report .
There will also be three `` tests '' for diversity in the BBC 's @ @ @ @ @ @ @ meet two of them to qualify - diverse stories and portrayal on-screen , diverse production teams and talent and diverse-led production companies .
The announcement follows widespread Black Lives Matter protests , after the death of George Floyd while in police custody in the US .
`` The senseless killing of George Floyd - and what it tells us about the stain of systemic racism - has had a profound impact on all of us , '' said Lord Hall .
`` It 's made us question ourselves about what more we can @ @ @ @ @ @ @ drive inclusion within our organisation and in society as a whole .
`` This is our response - it 's going to drive change in what we make and who makes it .
It 's a big leap forward - and we 'll have more to announce in the coming weeks . ''
TV presenter and campaigner June Sarpong , who was last year appointed as the BBC 's director of creative diversity , said : `` I came to the BBC as an outsider .
Before joining I had an idea of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ want to change .
What I found was something different : an organisation that had ambitious goals for diversity and inclusion but did n't know how to reach them . ''
She believes the commitment `` will help to drive real change that will be felt by all audiences '' .
`` I 'm pleased that we 're announcing this fund as the first of a series of bold steps that will help make the BBC an instrument of real change . ''
`` As a black woman , '' she added , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ pain that so many are feeling worldwide .
`` It makes it all the more important that we show up now not just with words but with meaningful action . ''
Follow us on Facebook or on Twitter @ BBCNewsEnts .
If you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news @ bbc.co.uk

Reacting to Monday's latest package, Sarpong said: "I came to the BBC as an outsider. Before joining I had an idea of this being an organisation that did not want to change. What I found was something different: an organisation that had ambitious goals for diversity and inclusion but didn't know how to reach them."


bbcuk--2020-06-22--Windrush: 'Grave risk' of scandal repeat, warns review author

The author of a report into the Windrush scandal is warning there is a `` grave risk '' of similar failures happening again if the government does not implement its recommendations .
Wendy Williams told BBC Radio 4 's The Westminster Hour the Home Office still needed to `` make good on its commitment to learn the lessons '' .
People from the Commonwealth were told wrongly they were illegally in the UK .
The Home Office said the home secretary intends to `` right those wrongs '' .
• Who are the Windrush generation ?
Ms Williams ' warning @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the outstanding and ongoing contribution of the Windrush Generation and their descendants .
National Windrush Day , on Monday , commemorates the day , 72 years ago , when the ship HMT Empire Windrush arrived at Tilbury Docks , Essex , carrying migrants to help fill jobs in the UK .
In honour of Windrush Day , Prime Minister Boris Johnson is meeting Bishop Derek Webley , co-chair of the Windrush Working Group , and representatives of the British Caribbean community .
The newly-launched working group , co-chaired by Home Secretary Priti Patel @ @ @ @ @ @ @ stakeholders and community leaders with government officials to address the challenges faced by the Windrush generation and their descendants .
An estimated 500,000 people now living in the UK who arrived between 1948 and 1971 from Caribbean countries have been called the Windrush generation .
They were granted indefinite leave to remain in 1971 but thousands were children travelling on their parents ' passports , without their own documents .
Changes to immigration law in 2012 meant those without documents were asked for evidence to continue working , access services or even to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 's review , published in March , was critical of the `` hostile environment '' policy operated by successive governments to tackle illegal immigration .
She told The Westminster Hour the Home Office and ministers `` should have realised the impact '' of the legislation on different groups of people .
The report concluded the Home Office had shown `` ignorance and thoughtlessness '' on the issue of race when some people were incorrectly told they did not have the right to be in Britain .
Ms Williams , an inspector of constabulary @ @ @ @ @ @ @ March to provide an `` unqualified apology '' to those affected and the wider black African-Caribbean community .
Speaking earlier this year , Home Secretary Priti Patel said in House of Commons there was `` nothing I can say to undo the pain '' but added `` on behalf of this and successive governments I am truly sorry for the actions that span decades '' .
Ms Williams said the risks posed by the controversial policy were flagged to the Home Office by `` other groups and stakeholders '' but because ministers ignored @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Windrush scandal was `` both foreseeable and avoidable '' .
She said : `` The Home Office has a very stark choice .
It can decide not to implement my recommendations and , if that happens , then I think there is a very grave risk of something similar happening again . ''
The Home Office said in a statement the home secretary has been clear that the mistreatment of the Windrush generation by successive governments was `` completely unacceptable and she will right those wrongs '' .
Ms Williams also said the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ is not demonstrating the benefits it should and applications need to be processed quickly and sensitively , with interim payments made where possible .
However , the Home Office pointed out that the scheme made the first payment within four months of opening and has offered claimants over £640,000 in the first year .
It said that Ms Patel will give an update on her intended response to the review before the summer recess and will then provide a detailed formal response in September .
It added the Commonwealth Citizens Taskforce has granted @ @ @ @ @ @ @ that confirms their right to remain in the UK and guarantee their access to public services .
Have you been personally affected by the Windrush scandal ?
Tell us about your experience by emailing : haveyoursay @ bbc.co.uk .
Please include a contact number if you are willing to speak to a BBC journalist .
You can also contact us in the following ways : • Please read our terms & conditions and privacy policy

"Today offers an opportunity to express the debt of gratitude we owe to that first Windrush generation for accepting the invitation to come to Britain and, above all, to recognise the immeasurable difference that they, their children and their grandchildren have made to so many aspects of our public life," said Prince Charles.


bbcuk--2020-06-22--Harry Dunn: Anne Sacoolas immunity 'absurd' says diplomacy expert

Did Anne Sacoolas , the wife of a US intelligence officer in Britain , have diplomatic immunity when she allegedly killed Harry Dunn in a road accident in Northamptonshire last August ?
Harry 's parents insist that she did n't , and that she can be tried for causing his death .
The Foreign Office and the US embassy in London argue that she did .
Now one of Britain 's top experts on diplomacy has poured scorn on the British and American argument .
The Dunns ' lawyers , headed by Geoffrey Robertson QC , asked Sir Ivor Roberts @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , Ireland and Italy , for his opinion .
After retiring from the diplomatic service Sir Ivor was head of Trinity College , Oxford .
His report on the arguments produced by the British and US governments , which I have read , is remarkably strongly worded .
Mrs Sacoolas 's husband was an American intelligence officer based at RAF Croughton .
That gave him a certain level of diplomatic immunity .
The British and US governments maintain that this meant that , as his wife , Mrs Sacoolas had immunity too .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ palpable absurdity '' .
He quotes a letter of agreement between the Foreign Office and the US ambassador to Britain in August 1995 about the American personnel at RAF Croughton .
This says explicitly that diplomatic immunity for people like Mr Sacoolas would not apply for `` acts performed outside the course of their duties '' .
If Mr Sacoolas was n't covered for acts outside his duties , Sir Ivor says , it would be absurd for Mrs Sacoolas , who had no official position , to be immune from prosecution when @ @ @ @ @ @ @ n't mince his words .
`` It was clearly not anticipated that this agreement might be dishonourably challenged by the US government through their embassy in London , '' he says .
In Sir Ivor 's view both the British and US sides knew that back in 1995 they had agreed that `` both agents and their dependants '' were subject to British criminal law in their non-work activities at RAF Croughton .
For the Americans to argue the opposite would , he said , be regarded by professional diplomats as a breach @ @ @ @ @ @ @ like `` palpable absurdity '' , `` dishonourably '' and `` breach of good faith '' are rare from a top expert on diplomacy .
Although the judges at the High Court agreed that Sir Ivor was a leading figure in the study of diplomacy , they did not accept his report on the technical grounds that he was not a practising lawyer .
They rejected an application by the Dunns to force the Foreign Office to disclose evidence relating to a `` secret agreement '' between the US and British governments .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ and it seems reasonable to assume that Sir Ivor 's scathing opinion of the case presented by the Foreign Office and the US embassy will have an influence on the case as it continues .

He quotes a letter of agreement between the Foreign Office and the US ambassador to Britain in August 1995 about the American personnel at RAF Croughton. This says explicitly that diplomatic immunity for people like Mr Sacoolas would not apply for "acts performed outside the course of their duties".


bbcuk--2020-06-22--Shops reopen in Wales with strict social distancing

After months of being closed many shops are set to raise their shutters for the first time and welcome customers back .
From Monday , non-essential stores are able to open for the first time since coronavirus restrictions were brought in .
But with strict social-distancing and hygiene measures in place , shopping will look very different compared to before coronavirus hit .
The Welsh Retail Consortium said many shops were `` in a fight for survival '' .
Sara Jones , of the WRC , said lockdown had cost non-food stores £1.7bn a week during April and May , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ weak '' , many would not reopen their doors .
She told BBC Radio Wales safety was `` the priority '' and that businesses had been working hard to achieve this .
`` We just implore that people are considerate to fellow shoppers and people working in store .
`` Its going to be quite a mixed picture but the most important thing for us is that we have the opportunity to open now .
Non-essential shops had been under `` a huge amount of pressure '' and their survival was on `` @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
`` And we 'll be doing all we can to encourage consumers back into shops safely and hope that confidence can grow in consumers to come back into store . ''
An initial surge of shoppers would be no guarantee they would stay , Ms Jones said .
In some European nations business was brisk initially before dropping back .
`` I would expect that to happen for some time here until consumer confidence returns back to almost normal levels , '' she said .
Large queues where seen in parts of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ shops like Primark , opened on 15 June .
Health Minister Vaughan Gething has said he does not want to see a repeat of `` crowds bunched together outside '' when shops reopen in Wales .
• What do the latest lockdown rules mean ?
• How our towns can meet social distancing rules • Quiz : Do you really know Britain 's lockdown rules ?
In Wales , people will only be able to visit non-essential stores if they are near their home - within five miles as a general rule - @ @ @ @ @ @ @ giants and smaller shops have already confirmed they will not open branches despite being given the green light by the Welsh Government .
Primark , which does not sell online , has started trading again in England and Northern Ireland , but stores in Scotland and Wales will remain shut for now .
The company , which has stores in Cardiff , Newport , Cwmbran , Llanelli , Swansea , Llandudno , Wrexham , said it was still working through plans for reopening and it would only open when it was `` convinced @ @ @ @ @ @ @ do so '' .
Debenhams has already said its Merthyr Tydfil branch will not reopen as measures are eased , but its Swansea and Newport stores will after the councils allowed the chain to defer paying business rates .
What will shops be like in a pandemic ?
If you go to your favourite shop from Monday , do not expect business as usual .
The WRC said retailers had `` invested significantly in social distancing measures '' , in an attempt to make it safe for customers and staff to shop .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ , already racing to redesign busy high streets , to provide more space for shoppers and outdoor areas , our high streets may never look the same again .
Measures you could see from Monday include : • Screens at pay points and floor markings to show social distancing • Extra staff or security on doors to check the number of shoppers going in • Socially distanced queuing to get into the store and to pay • Staff wearing masks and extra cleaning being carried out • Hand sanitiser at entrances and cleaning @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Spencer staff have been working to get stores ready for reopening .
While food halls have been open , with social distancing measures in place , clothing and home stores will reopen from Monday .
Allison Jenkins , head of Wales and west region for Marks & Spencer , said this had helped them to prepare for reopening the rest of their business .
When customers enter stores on Monday they will be given a brief description of where things are , and asked to respect the two metre rule by looking at @ @ @ @ @ @ @ very different clothing and home departments .
There will be a lot less equipment on the shop floor to create an air of confidence , '' she said .
`` We ca n't tell customers not to touch anything but we do ask them to minimise that as much as possible . ''
'How busy are we going to be ? '
Ginevra Croft runs a wool shop in Abergavenny , Monmouthshire and is ready to `` crack on with how it 's going to be next '' .
But with shoppers still @ @ @ @ @ @ @ two weeks , she has concerns about how many customers will really come through her doors .
`` What 's that going to really do to our passing trade ? ''
she said .
`` How busy are we we going to be when we open ?
How are we going to make it worthwhile for the business to be here with open doors ? ''
she said .
It is going to be tough In his shop , Richard Barber is preparing for the reopening , measuring out two metre floor markings @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Nicholls clothing and gifts shop in Abergavenny , said he knew it would be `` hard in the coming months '' .
`` We are retailers and this is what we do .
We 've got a really good team behind us , '' he said .
`` We 're hopeful , but I suppose at the end of the day , realistically , it is going to be tough in the coming months . ''
Non-essential shops have been closed to the public in Wales since lockdown began in late March .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ said with fewer customers able to enter stores and fewer expected to head to the high streets due to travel restrictions and safety concerns , many retailers were facing a difficult future .
`` Retailers rely on getting customers through their doors in order to pay rent and employees ' wages , '' she said .
`` With consumer demand expected to remain low for some time , it is vital that businesses of all sizes can access government support to enable them to make adaptions to their stores where necessary , '' @ @ @ @ @ @ @ do the latest lockdown rules say ?
• How our towns can meet social distancing rules On Monday other changes to lockdown also mean people will be able to travel further than the five-mile general rule , but only on compassionate grounds , to see those who they are worried about .
Outdoor sports courts and tracks will open , but only for non-contact sports , people can go to places of workshop for private prayer and non-professional elite athletes can resume training .
People will also be able to get married if @ @ @ @ @ @ @ local and socially distance .
Some 190,000 people are employed in retailing and wholesaling in Wales .
While many have worked through the pandemic and the return of others will be staggered , it 's clear a significant part of the Welsh economy is opening for business today .
There was some unhappiness among retailers in Wales about the uncertainty of having no specific reopening date , which there had been in England .
But non-essential retailers were given three weeks to prepare ahead of a decision by the Welsh Government and have @ @ @ @ @ @ @ end of that period .
That might give some confidence to other sectors like tourism which has now been given three weeks ' notice to prepare for reopening if the right safety measures are in place .
But different sectors do n't operate in isolation .
Shops in tourist areas may now open but they will be affected by the fact the tourism industry is still in lockdown and people are being encouraged not to drive more than five miles .

Coronavirus: Shops reopen in Wales with social distancing Published 22 June 2020
comments Comments
Image source, Wales News Service Image caption, Shoppers have been making the most of the high street in Cardiff, as non-essential shops reopen
After months of being closed many shops are opening for the first time and welcoming customers back.
From Monday, non-essential stores are able to open for the first time since coronavirus restrictions were brought in.
But with strict social-distancing and hygiene measures in place, shopping will look very different compared to before coronavirus hit.
The Welsh Retail Consortium said many shops were "in a fight for survival".
Sara Jones, of the WRC, said lockdown had cost non-food stores £1.7bn a week during April and May, and with sales "expected to remain weak", many would not reopen their doors.
She told BBC Radio Wales safety was "the priority" and that businesses had been working hard to achieve this.
"We just implore that people are considerate to fellow shoppers and people working in store.
This video can not be played To play this video you need to enable JavaScript in your browser. Media caption, After months closed many shops are reopening
"Its going to be quite a mixed picture but the most important thing for us is that we have the opportunity to open now.
Non-essential shops had been under "a huge amount of pressure" and their survival was on "a wafer thin-edge", she said.
"And we'll be doing all we can to encourage consumers back into shops safely and hope that confidence can grow in consumers to come back into store."
An initial surge of shoppers would be no guarantee they would stay, Ms Jones said.
In some European nations business was brisk initially before dropping back.
"I would expect that to happen for some time here until consumer confidence returns back to almost normal levels," she said.
Large queues where seen in parts of England after non-essential stores, including clothing shops like Primark, opened on 15 June.
Health Minister Vaughan Gething has said he does not want to see a repeat of "crowds bunched together outside" when shops reopen in Wales.
In Wales, people will only be able to visit non-essential stores if they are near their home - within five miles as a general rule - due to coronavirus regulations.
Some retail giants and smaller shops have already confirmed they will not open branches despite being given the green light by the Welsh Government.
Image source, @stevewo Image caption, People joined long queues to get into Ikea in the capital
Primark, which does not sell online, has started trading again in England and Northern Ireland, but stores in Scotland and Wales will remain shut for now.
The company, which has stores in Cardiff, Newport, Cwmbran, Llanelli, Swansea, Llandudno, Wrexham, said it was still working through plans for reopening and it would only open when it was "convinced that it is safe and right to do so".
Debenhams has already said its Merthyr Tydfil branch will not reopen as measures are eased, but its Swansea and Newport stores will after the councils allowed the chain to defer paying business rates.
Image source, Wales News Service Image caption, Staff at some stores have been issued with visors in a bid to keep Covid-19 at bay
What will shops be like in a pandemic?
If you go to your favourite shop from Monday, do not expect business as usual.
The WRC said retailers had "invested significantly in social distancing measures", in an attempt to make it safe for customers and staff to shop.
And with some councils, including Cardiff, already racing to redesign busy high streets, to provide more space for shoppers and outdoor areas, our high streets may never look the same again.
Image source, Wales News Service Image caption, Friends snapped selfies of themselves in their masks
Measures you could see from Monday include:
Screens at pay points and floor markings to show social distancing
Extra staff or security on doors to check the number of shoppers going in
Socially distanced queuing to get into the store and to pay
Staff wearing masks and extra cleaning being carried out
Hand sanitiser at entrances and cleaning for baskets and trolleys
Some changing rooms closed, while public toilets remain shut
'A different Marks & Spencer'
Image caption, Allison Jenkins, from Marks & Spencer, said people will see very different clothing and home departments
At Marks and Spencer staff have been working to get stores ready for reopening.
While food halls have been open, with social distancing measures in place, clothing and home stores will reopen from Monday.
Allison Jenkins, head of Wales and west region for Marks & Spencer, said this had helped them to prepare for reopening the rest of their business.
When customers enter stores on Monday they will be given a brief description of where things are, and asked to respect the two metre rule by looking at floor markings.
"Customers will see very different clothing and home departments. There will be a lot less equipment on the shop floor to create an air of confidence," she said.
"We can't tell customers not to touch anything but we do ask them to minimise that as much as possible."
'How busy are we going to be?'
Image caption, Ginevra Croft is getting ready to reopen - with a helping hand from her daughter
Ginevra Croft runs a wool shop in Abergavenny, Monmouthshire and is ready to "crack on with how it's going to be next".
But with shoppers still being told to stay local for another two weeks, she has concerns about how many customers will really come through her doors.
"What's that going to really do to our passing trade?" she said.
"How busy are we we going to be when we open? How are we going to make it worthwhile for the business to be here with open doors?" she said.
It is going to be tough
Image caption, A trip to your favourite shop may look very different to how you remember it
In his shop, Richard Barber is preparing for the reopening, measuring out two metre floor markings.
But Mr Barber, who runs Nicholls clothing and gifts shop in Abergavenny, said he knew it would be "hard in the coming months".
"We are retailers and this is what we do. We've got a really good team behind us," he said.
"We're hopeful, but I suppose at the end of the day, realistically, it is going to be tough in the coming months."
This video can not be played To play this video you need to enable JavaScript in your browser. Media caption, Cardiff's arcades are introducing social distancing
Non-essential shops have been closed to the public in Wales since lockdown began in late March.
Ms Jones, from the WRC, said with fewer customers able to enter stores and fewer expected to head to the high streets due to travel restrictions and safety concerns, many retailers were facing a difficult future.
"Retailers rely on getting customers through their doors in order to pay rent and employees' wages," she said.
"With consumer demand expected to remain low for some time, it is vital that businesses of all sizes can access government support to enable them to make adaptions to their stores where necessary," she said.
On Monday other changes to lockdown also mean people will be able to travel further than the five-mile general rule, but only on compassionate grounds, to see those who they are worried about.
Outdoor sports courts and tracks will open, but only for non-contact sports, people can go to places of workshop for private prayer and non-professional elite athletes can resume training.
People will also be able to get married if they adhere to lockdown regulations, stay local and socially distance.
Some 190,000 people are employed in retailing and wholesaling in Wales.
While many have worked through the pandemic and the return of others will be staggered, it's clear a significant part of the Welsh economy is opening for business today.
There was some unhappiness among retailers in Wales about the uncertainty of having no specific reopening date, which there had been in England.
But non-essential retailers were given three weeks to prepare ahead of a decision by the Welsh Government and have been allowed to open days after the end of that period.
That might give some confidence to other sectors like tourism which has now been given three weeks' notice to prepare for reopening if the right safety measures are in place.
But different sectors don't operate in isolation.


bbcuk--2020-06-22--The Luminaries: Warm reviews, but was it (literally) too dark?

BBC One drama The Luminaries has attracted criticism from some viewers and critics for its darkly-lit scenes .
The first episode of the series , based on Eleanor Catton 's Booker-winning novel , was praised in several reviews after its broadcast on Sunday night .
But The Telegraph and The Independent were among those commenting on the difficulties viewing certain scenes .
The show 's director has previously said the dim lighting is deliberate and adds a `` sense of mystery and intrigue '' .
The first episode of The Luminaries was watched by 5.3 million viewers , according to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ on New Zealand 's South Island at the height of the 1860s gold rush , and Catton has adapted the book for the small screen herself .
'We ca n't see a thing' '' Here we go again with one of the BBC 's dark dramas , '' wrote Anita Singh of The Daily Telegraph after the first episode aired .
`` I do n't mean tonally , although The Luminaries is a tale of murder and weirdness .
I mean , literally , dark .
`` Look , I know they did @ @ @ @ @ @ @ New Zealand but help us out here , we ca n't see a thing .
And it 's not as if the rest of The Luminaries is particularly illuminating . ''
The Independent 's Ed Cumming awarded the show four stars , but noted : `` Most things are unclear .
The scene is gloomier than Wolf Hall in a candle shortage .
`` We can discern echoing voices , gunshots , a warm-lit cabin , a travelling politician , a wounded Maori , but not much else . ''
In an otherwise @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Robinson said : `` The first episode of the new drama was n't perfect , as the flash-forward scenes were so dark , it was hard to tell what was happening .
`` This took some of the impact away from some key scenes , and so , at times , The Luminaries needs to be a little more illuminating , otherwise they risk the wrath of viewers . ''
Many viewers on social media also pointed out the dim lighting , with some saying they had to turn up their brightness while @ @ @ @ @ @ @ intrigue' However , director Claire McCarthy said in a previous interview the series was deliberately shot in this way .
`` The colour palette is more gothic and grounded in the shadows .
We wanted a sense of mystery and intrigue and a kind of burnished golden world inside the interiors , '' she explained .
`` We were very influenced by gold and not only did we have to research how gold could be filmed , and how it would appear on screen , but also just the way that we would @ @ @ @ @ @ @ natural light .
`` We were trying to inhabit the kind of world and the resources that they would have at that time so we embraced that as a visual aesthetic .
We wanted there to be a visceral quality to the show , rather than it to feel typically period or dusty , and so there needed to be an energy and a dynamism to the way the camera captured the world . ''
This is n't the first time a BBC drama has attracted criticism for its dimly-lit scenes .
The @ @ @ @ @ @ @ received a similar response - with many viewers and critics complaining about the darkness while praising the show overall .
What else did the critics say ?
Some critics did not let dim lighting deter them from giving the show a positive review overall .
`` It is glorious escapism , perfect for our times , '' wrote Lucy Mangan in The Guardian.
, awarding the first episode four stars .
`` A cracking , challenging read has become a cracking , unchallenging series and both do their jobs perfectly .
Joy .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ you know what to do with , hares set running at every turn , lavish period detail and lighting replicating the novel 's gorgeous staginess , and a convoluted murder-mystery . ''
Writing in The Radio Times , Flora Carr said `` All in all , Catton 's choice to spin The Luminaries on its axis , with a new focus on the female perspective , feels fresh and needed .
`` The sprawling novel was always going to be a nightmare to adapt , but by reintroducing us to the story via @ @ @ @ @ @ @ around , Catton has managed to breathe new life into her tale . ''
Den of Geek 's Louisa Mellor agreed , writing : `` Catton has melted down her extraordinary novel and recast it into a new form , one that , despite some absence of heart , works far , far better than was ever destined .
`` As the screenwriter adapting her own work , Catton has given The Luminaries a drastic rewrite , re-centring the story around the fate-pummelled romance of two of the novel 's little-seen characters .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ are all still here , but bedded into a more stable set of events . ''
But in her review for The Telegraph , Singh said : `` It sounds odd to say that a period drama feels dated .
But the BBC has been doing such great work of late with modern-day dramas - Normal People , last week 's Salisbury Poisonings , the extraordinary I May Destroy You - that The Luminaries seemed a stuffy throwback by comparison .
`` It does n't help that this sort of thing is best @ @ @ @ @ @ @ are drawing in , but has been plonked in the middle of the summer schedule . ''
In his review for The Independent , Cummings said : `` The Luminaries is luminous , at least when it 's visible ... Greed has rarely looked so good . ''
But , he added , the series `` feels crammed in ... perhaps no production could fit so much plot into so limited a form . ''
`` There 's one lesson from art that would be lost on prospectors : less can be more @ @ @ @ @ @ @ complex story , The Luminaries risks swamping its viewers .
There 's gold in those all-black hills , but as in every bonanza , it 's hard to tell how much . ''
The Luminaries , broke two records when it won the Booker Prize in 2013 .
At 27 years old , Eleanor Catton became the youngest ever winner , while the novel itself was the longest ever book to win , running at more than 800 pages .
Follow us on Facebook , or on Twitter @ BBCNewsEnts .
If you @ @ @ @ @ @ @ bbc.co.uk .

"We were trying to inhabit the kind of world and the resources that they would have at that time so we embraced that as a visual aesthetic. We wanted there to be a visceral quality to the show, rather than it to feel typically period or dusty, and so there needed to be an energy and a dynamism to the way the camera captured the world."


bbcuk--2020-06-22--Coronavirus: Could social distancing of less than two metres work?

The government will outline proposals on how to safely reduce the 2m social distancing rule in England this week .
The distance could be lowered with `` mitigations '' , so people can be closer without a higher risk of transmission , Health Secretary Matt Hancock told the BBC .
The review into the 2m ( 6ft ) social distancing rule was first announced by UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson on 14 June .
The government has been under pressure from MP and the hospitality industry to allow people to be closer together , to help businesses after they reopen @ @ @ @ @ @ @ advisers say that being 1m ( just over 3ft ) apart carries up to 10 times the risk of being 2m apart .
What does the science say ?
The simple answer is that the nearer you are to someone who is infected , the greater the risk of catching the virus .
The World Health Organization recommends keeping a distance of at least 1m .
Some countries have adopted this guidance , often because they also insist on people wearing masks .
But there are also regional variations inside countries .
• @ @ @ @ @ @ @ is to keep a distance of 1.5m , but it is more in some parts of the country • Spain also observes 1.5m , but in Catalonia , for example , this can be reduced at open-air events if masks are worn In a study published in medical journal The Lancet , scientists looked at research into how coronavirus spreads .
They concluded that keeping at least 1m from other people could be the best way to limit the chances of infection .
The risk of being infected is estimated to be 13 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ % beyond that distance .
And the study says that for every extra metre of distance up to 3m , the risk is further reduced by half .
Where does the distancing rule come from ?
It can be traced back to research in the 1930s .
Scientists found that droplets of liquid released by coughs or sneezes evaporate quickly in the air or fall to the ground .
Most of those droplets , they reckoned , would land within 1-2m .
That is why it is said the greatest risks come from @ @ @ @ @ @ @ close range , or from touching a surface that someone coughed onto , and then touching your face .
Can the virus travel further in other ways ?
Proximity and surface contact are considered the main transmission routes .
But some researchers fear coronavirus can also be transported through the air in tiny particles called aerosols .
If true , then the flow of wind from someone 's breath could carry the virus over longer distances .
• A SIMPLE GUIDE : How do I protect myself ?
• AVOIDING CONTACT : The @ @ @ @ @ @ @ TRANSPORT : Is it safe to travel ?
• WILL I GET PAID IF I CA N'T WORK ?
The rules on sick pay , wages and time off • TESTING : Can I get tested for coronavirus ?
Prof Lydia Bourouiba from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology ( MIT ) used high-speed cameras to capture a cough projecting miniature specks as far as 6m .
And a study carried out in Chinese hospitals which found traces of coronavirus in Covid-19 wards and intensive care units , estimated that 4m was a better @ @ @ @ @ @ @ for Disease Control says the role of aerosols in spreading the virus is `` currently uncertain '' .
And what 's still not known is whether any virus that spreads further than 2m can still be infectious .
• Coronavirus : Can we stay safe as lockdown eases ?
It 's not just about distance Timing is also key .
The longer you spend in close proximity with an infected person , the bigger the risk .
Scientists advising the UK government say spending six seconds at a distance of 1m from someone @ @ @ @ @ @ @ at a distance of 2m .
Being exposed to someone coughing is riskier .
Being 2m away from a cough carries the same risk as someone talking to you for 30 minutes at the same distance .
The quality of ventilation also matters A crowded stuffy room is bound to increase the chances of infection .
The direction of air flow is also crucial - whether a draught or fan behind someone infected is pushing any virus they breathe out towards you .
And a good supply of fresh air can make all @ @ @ @ @ @ @ China , where nine people caught the virus , the air conditioning units mounted on the walls were blamed for recirculating the air rather than refreshing it .
Japanese researchers investigated 110 cases of Covid-19 and found the odds of infection were nearly 19 times greater indoors than outside .
Scientists advising the British government say every workplace or building should assess the risks .
And they say where 2m of social distancing is impossible , people should only be closer for short periods of time .
Plastic screens are suggested along with @ @ @ @ @ @ @ minimise the numbers in at any one time .
Arranging seating so people are not face to face is also judged to help .
And in a growing number of many countries , including all parts of the UK , people are being encouraged to wear face coverings on public transport and `` enclosed spaces where social distancing is not always possible '' .
Why do n't we have definite answers ?
It is only a few months since the coronavirus emerged , and in that short time scientists have learned a great @ @ @ @ @ @ @ do n't know how much virus can be released by people who are infected and how much someone has to receive to catch the disease .
Until that is established , the advice is that the risks are real - and that only when the numbers being infected drop dramatically can the distancing guidance be relaxed .

Coronavirus: Could social distancing of less than two metres work? Published 23 June 2020
Image source, Getty Images
Prime Minister Boris Johnson has said that, from 4 July, a "one metre plus" rule will be introduced in England when it is not possible to stay 2m apart.
He announced the change as part of a series of moves to further ease lockdown.
The distance could be lowered with "mitigations", so people can be closer without a higher risk of transmission, he said.
A review into the 2m (over 6ft) social distancing rule was first announced by Mr Johnson last month.
The government had been under pressure from MP and the hospitality industry to allow people to be closer together, to help businesses after they reopen.
Sage, the government's committee of scientific advisers say current evidence suggests being 1m (just over 3ft) apart carries between two and 10 times the risk of being 2m apart.
What does the science say?
The simple answer is that the nearer you are to someone who is infected, the greater the risk of catching the virus.
The World Health Organization recommends keeping a distance of at least 1m.
Some countries have adopted this guidance, often because they also insist on people wearing masks.
But there are also regional variations inside countries.
For example, Germany's general guidance is to keep a distance of 1.5m, but it is more in some parts of the country
Spain also observes 1.5m, but in Catalonia, for example, this can be reduced at open-air events if masks are worn
This video can not be played To play this video you need to enable JavaScript in your browser. Media caption, One and two metre social distancing - what does it look like?
What can be done to mitigate risk at 1m?
Scientists advising the British government say every workplace or building should carry out its own assessment because the risks at each location will vary.
And they highlight several strategies for people who are within 2m of each other.
The most obvious is to minimise the length of time spent together.
Plastic screens can block the movement of infected droplets, as can face coverings.
In a growing number of countries, including all parts of the UK, people are being encouraged to wear face coverings on public transport and "enclosed spaces where social distancing is not always possible".
Other changes in the workplace include moving to shift patterns to reduce the numbers in an office or factory at any one time.
Seating can be arranged to minimise how many people are face to face - which is judged to carry more risk than being side by side.
Making sure that legal requirements on ventilation are met with the correct supply of fresh air to dilute and disperse any virus - and frequent cleaning of surfaces including tables, desks, chairs and handles also becomes more important the busier a place gets.
What's the latest research?
In a study published in medical journal The Lancet, scientists looked at research into how coronavirus spreads.
They concluded that keeping at least 1m from other people could be the best way to limit the chances of infection.
The risk of being infected is estimated to be 13% within 1m, but only 3% beyond that distance.
And the study says that for every extra metre of distance up to 3m, the risk is further reduced by half.
Where does the distancing rule come from?
It can be traced back to research in the 1930s.
Scientists found that droplets of liquid released by coughs or sneezes evaporate quickly in the air or fall to the ground.
Most of those droplets, they reckoned, would land within 1-2m.
That is why it is said the greatest risks come from having the virus coughed at you from close range, or from touching a surface that someone coughed onto, and then touching your face.
Image source, Getty Images
Can the virus travel further in other ways?
Proximity and surface contact are considered the main transmission routes.
But some researchers fear coronavirus can also be transported through the air in tiny particles called aerosols.
If true, then the flow of wind from someone's breath could carry the virus over longer distances.
Prof Lydia Bourouiba from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) used high-speed cameras to capture a cough projecting miniature specks as far as 6m.
And a study carried out in Chinese hospitals which found traces of coronavirus in Covid-19 wards and intensive care units, estimated that 4m was a better safe distance.
But the US Centers for Disease Control says the role of aerosols in spreading the virus is "currently uncertain".
And what's still not known is whether any virus that spreads further than 2m can still be infectious.
It's not just about distance
Timing is also key. The longer you spend in close proximity with an infected person, the bigger the risk.
Scientists advising the UK government say spending six seconds at a distance of 1m from someone is the same as spending one minute at a distance of 2m.
Being exposed to someone coughing is riskier. Being 2m away from a cough carries the same risk as someone talking to you for 30 minutes at the same distance.
The quality of ventilation also matters
A crowded stuffy room is bound to increase the chances of infection.
The direction of air flow is also crucial - whether a draught or fan behind someone infected is pushing any virus they breathe out towards you.
And a good supply of fresh air can make all the difference.
In a restaurant in China, where nine people caught the virus, the air conditioning units mounted on the walls were blamed for recirculating the air rather than refreshing it.
Japanese researchers investigated 110 cases of Covid-19 and found the odds of infection were nearly 19 times greater indoors than outside.
Image source, Reuters
Why don't we have definite answers?
It is only a few months since the coronavirus emerged, and in that short time scientists have learned a great deal about it.
But we still don't know how much virus can be released by people who are infected and how much someone has to receive to catch the disease.


bbcuk--2020-06-21--Coronavirus: What is a second wave and is one coming?

Coronavirus is far from over .
Some countries are still dealing with large epidemics , but even those currently controlling the virus fear `` the second wave '' .
The second phase of Spanish flu a century ago was deadlier than the first .
So , is a second wave inevitable ?
And how bad could it be ?
Firstly , what is a second wave ?
You can think of it like waves on the sea .
The number of infections goes up and then comes back down again - each cycle is one `` wave '' of coronavirus @ @ @ @ @ @ @ definition .
`` It 's not particularly scientific , how you define a wave is arbitrary , '' Dr Mike Tildesley , from the University of Warwick , told the BBC .
Some describe any rise as a second wave , but it is often a bumpy first wave .
This is happening in some US states .
To say one wave has ended , the virus would have been brought under control and cases fallen substantially .
For a second wave to start you would need a sustained rise in infections .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ cases after 24 days without coronavirus , and Beijing which is facing an outbreak after 50 virus-free days are not in this position .
But some scientists argue Iran may be starting to meet the criteria for a second wave .
Will a second wave come to the UK ?
The answer lies almost entirely with the decisions we make so it could go either way .
`` I really think at the moment there 's huge uncertainty ... but to be honest it 's something I 'm very concerned about , '' @ @ @ @ @ @ @ clearly there - the virus is still around and it is no less deadly or infectious than at the start of 2020 .
Only around 5 % of people in the UK are thought to have been infected and there is no guarantee they are all immune .
`` The evidence is the vast majority of people are still susceptible , in essence if we lift all measures we 're back to where we were in February , '' says Dr Adam Kucharski from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ scratch again . ''
• A SIMPLE GUIDE : How do I protect myself ?
• IMPACT : What the virus does to the body • ENDGAME : How do we get out of this mess ?
• 40,000 DEATHS : Could more deaths have been prevented ?
• WITHOUT SYMPTOMS : The mystery of 'silent spreaders' What could trigger a second wave ?
Lockdowns have caused massive disruption around the world - destroying jobs , affecting people 's health and taking children out of school - but they have controlled the virus @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to maintain control , while minimising daily disruption , '' says Dr Kucharski .
Nobody is 100 % sure how far we can go .
That is why measures are being lifted in stages and new ways of controlling coronavirus are being introduced , such as contact tracing or face-coverings .
`` In the UK and neighbouring countries , flare-ups could happen quite quickly if measures are lifted beyond the point transmission is controlled , '' says Dr Kucharski .
This is already starting in Germany where 650 people have tested positive for @ @ @ @ @ @ @ abattoir .
It is not a major problem if clusters can be rapidly identified , local lockdowns introduced and spread of the virus stopped .
Otherwise , they contribute to a second wave .
South Korea , which has been widely praised for its handling of the coronavirus , has had to re-impose some restrictions due to such clusters .
Will a second wave be the same as the first ?
Something will have gone seriously wrong if it is .
The value of R - the number of people each infected person @ @ @ @ @ @ @ was 3 at the start of the pandemic .
It meant the virus was spreading fast , but our behaviour has changed , we 're social distancing , and it 's hard to see how R will get that high again .
Dr Kucharski told the BBC : `` No country is going to just lift everything and go back to normal .
`` Even countries without control of coronavirus - like Brazil and India - do n't have an R of 3.0 . ''
If cases did start to grow again , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
However , a second wave could , theoretically , still end up bigger than the first because so many people are still susceptible .
`` [ But ] if cases climb again we can reintroduce lockdown to suppress a second wave , that 's always an option available to us , '' says Dr Tildseley .
When will a second wave happen ?
Will winter make it worse ?
Dr Kurcharski says local flare-ups could be seen in `` even the coming weeks or months '' as measures are lifted .
But @ @ @ @ @ @ @ wave .
Dr Tildseley says : `` If measures are relaxed significantly , we may end up with a second wave in late August or early September . ''
Winter may be a crucial time as other coronavirus do spread more readily then .
If we were only just controlling the virus , even a small seasonal-boost could lead to the virus spreading .
`` Spring undoubtedly helped us , '' Prof Jonathan Ball , a virologist at the University of Nottingham says .
`` A second wave is almost inevitable , particularly @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
`` The challenge for government is to ensure the peak is n't so much that it overburdens the healthcare system . ''
Will the virus become milder and no longer a problem ?
One argument against a deadly second wave is viruses become less dangerous as they evolve to better infect people .
Even HIV seems to be getting milder .
The theory goes that viruses will spread further if they do n't kill their host and so become milder .
`` But it 's not guaranteed , it 's a bit @ @ @ @ @ @ @ out , '' says Prof Ball .
It is also something that takes place over long periods on time .
More than six months into the pandemic there is no clear evidence the virus has mutated to spread more easily or be less deadly .
Prof Ball adds : `` I think the virus is doing very well at the minute .
People often have very mild or symptomless infection , if they can transmit then there is no reason to imagine coronavirus needs to become milder . ''

Coronavirus: What is a second wave and is one coming? Published 24 June 2020
Image source, Getty Images
Coronavirus is far from over. Some countries are still dealing with large epidemics, but even those currently controlling the virus fear "the second wave".
In the UK, health experts are warning ministers to prepare for one following the decision to further ease restrictions in England from early July.
The second phase of Spanish flu a century ago was deadlier than the first. So, is a second wave inevitable? And how bad could it be?
Firstly, what is a second wave?
You can think of it like waves on the sea. The number of infections goes up and then comes back down again - each cycle is one "wave" of coronavirus.
Yet there is no formal definition.
"It's not particularly scientific: how you define a wave is arbitrary," Dr Mike Tildesley, from the University of Warwick, told the BBC.
Image source, Getty Images
Some describe any rise as a second wave, but it is often a bumpy first wave. This is happening in some US states.
In order to say one wave has ended, the virus would have been brought under control and cases fallen substantially.
For a second wave to start you would need a sustained rise in infections. New Zealand, which has its first cases after 24 days without coronavirus, and Beijing, which is facing an outbreak after 50 virus-free days, are not in this position.
But some scientists argue Iran may be starting to meet the criteria for a second wave.
Will a second wave come to the UK?
The answer lies almost entirely with the decisions we make, so it could go either way.
"I really think at the moment there's huge uncertainty... but to be honest it's something I'm very concerned about," says Dr Tildesley.
The potential is clearly there - the virus is still around and it is no less deadly or infectious than at the start of 2020.
Only around 5% of people in the UK are thought to have been infected and there is no guarantee they are all immune.
"The evidence is the vast majority of people are still susceptible. In essence, if we lift all measures, we're back to where we were in February," says Dr Adam Kucharski from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
"It's almost like starting from scratch again."
What could trigger a second wave?
Lifting lockdown restrictions too far.
Lockdowns have caused massive disruption around the world - destroying jobs, affecting people's health and taking children out of school - but they have controlled the virus.
"The ultimate puzzle is how to maintain control, while minimising daily disruption," says Dr Kucharski.
Nobody is 100% sure how far we can go.
This video can not be played To play this video you need to enable JavaScript in your browser. Media caption, What factors determine a potential second wave of Covid-19 infections?
That is why measures are being lifted in stages and new ways of controlling coronavirus are being introduced, such as contact tracing or face coverings.
"In the UK and neighbouring countries, flare-ups could happen quite quickly if measures are lifted beyond the point transmission is controlled," says Dr Kucharski.
This is already starting in Germany, where hundreds of people have tested positive for the virus after an outbreak at an abattoir.
It is not a major problem if clusters can be rapidly identified, local lockdowns introduced and spread of the virus stopped.
Otherwise, they contribute to a second wave.
South Korea, which has been widely praised for its handling of the coronavirus, has had to reimpose some restrictions because of such clusters.
Will a second wave be the same as the first?
Something will have gone seriously wrong if it is.
The value of R - the number of people each infected person passed the virus to on average - was 3 at the start of the pandemic.
It meant the virus was spreading fast, but our behaviour has changed, we're social distancing, and it's hard to see how R will get that high again.
Dr Kucharski told the BBC: "No country is going to just lift everything and go back to normal.
"Even countries without control of coronavirus - like Brazil and India - don't have an R of 3.0."
Image source, Getty Images Image caption, People shopping in Norwich as lockdown is eased in the UK
If cases did start to grow again, it is likely to be relatively slow.
However, a second wave could, theoretically, still end up bigger than the first because so many people are still susceptible.
"[But] if cases climb again, we can reintroduce lockdown to suppress a second wave. That's always an option available to us," says Dr Tildesley.
When will a second wave happen? Will winter make it worse?
Dr Kurcharski says local flare-ups could be seen in "even the coming weeks or months" as measures are lifted.
But that does not mean a guaranteed second wave.
Dr Tildesley says: "If measures are relaxed significantly, we may end up with a second wave in late August or early September."
Winter may be a crucial time as other coronaviruses do spread more readily then.
If we were only just controlling the virus, even a small seasonal boost could lead to the virus spreading.
"Spring undoubtedly helped us," Prof Jonathan Ball, a virologist at the University of Nottingham, says.
"A second wave is almost inevitable, particularly as we go towards the winter months.
"The challenge for government is to ensure the peak isn't so much that it overburdens the healthcare system."
Will the virus become milder and no longer a problem?
One argument against a deadly second wave is that viruses become less dangerous as they evolve, to better infect people.
Even HIV seems to be getting milder. The theory goes that viruses will spread further if they don't kill their host and so become milder.
"But it's not guaranteed. It's a bit of a lazy thing some virologists trot out," says Prof Ball.
It is also something that takes place over long periods of time. More than six months into the pandemic there is no clear evidence the virus has mutated to spread more easily or be less deadly.
Prof Ball adds: "I think the virus is doing very well at the minute. People often have very mild or symptomless infection. If they can transmit, then there is no reason to imagine coronavirus needs to become milder."


bbcuk--2020-06-21--Coronavirus: What are the UK travel quarantine rules?

A two-week quarantine period for anyone arriving in the UK is now being enforced .
Home Secretary Priti Patel said the move is to protect public health , because imported coronavirus cases `` pose a more significant threat '' .
What are the new quarantine rules ?
Passengers arriving in the UK by plane , ferry or train - including UK nationals - will be asked to provide an address where they will self-isolate for 14 days .
Travellers can be fined £100 for failing to fill in a form with these details .
Surprise visits will be used to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Those in England could be fined up to £1,000 if they fail to self-isolate .
Passengers should drive their own car to their destination , where possible .
If they do n't provide an address , the government will arrange accommodation at the traveller 's expense .
Once at their destination they must not use public transport or taxis .
They must not go to work , school , or public areas , or have visitors except for essential support .
They are also not allowed to go out to buy food , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ rely on others .
People returning from overseas will not be automatically eligible for statutory sick pay unless they meet the required conditions - for example displaying coronavirus symptoms .
Is anywhere exempt from quarantine ?
Anyone arriving from the Common Travel Area ( CTA ) - the Republic of Ireland , the Channel Islands , or the Isle of Man - will not have to enter quarantine , as long as they have been in the CTA for at least 14 days .
The government has also said it is looking into @ @ @ @ @ @ @ '' to countries with low infection rates and strong healthcare systems .
It hopes this could avoid the need for quarantine for travellers between the two .
Negotiations are already taking place between the UK and Portugal .
However , the government is currently advising against all non-essential travel abroad , and has n't given a date for when quarantine will end .
The measures will be reviewed in late June , three weeks after their introduction , to check they remain `` effective and necessary '' .
Who is exempt from quarantine @ @ @ @ @ @ @ who are exempt , including : • Seasonal agricultural workers if they self-isolate where they are working • UK residents who ordinarily travel overseas at least once a week for work Do other countries have quarantine rules ?
Travellers could find they also have to enter quarantine when they arrive in another country .
Some have introduced screening measures such as temperature checks , and entry restrictions .
• From 21 June , Spain will re-open its borders to UK visitors who will not have to quarantine on arrival • UK visitors to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ voluntary quarantine for 14 days after arrival • The US has barred entry to arrivals from the UK , with the exception of US citizens , their family members and `` individuals who meet specified exceptions '' • The United Arab Emirates has strict entry rules for foreign residents • UK citizens need a special exemption visa to travel to Australia What has the response been ?
Quarantine has not been welcomed by the UK 's travel industry .
Airlines UK , which represents various airlines , said quarantine `` would effectively kill @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , EasyJet and Ryanair have launched a legal challenge against the policy .
The British Ports Association , which represents ferry companies , has also spoken out against the measures - calling them `` overzealous '' .
Will airlines still be flying ?
EasyJet has restarted a limited number of flights to European destinations , with all passengers and cabin crew told to wear face masks .
Ryanair plans to reintroduce 40 % of its flights from 1 July , subject to travel restrictions being lifted and safety measures being brought in at @ @ @ @ @ @ @ plans to run 50 % of its schedule from July , because of the quarantine rules .
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What Covid tests do I still need to travel abroad? Published 11 February 2022
Image source, Getty Images
Fully vaccinated people travelling to the UK no longer have to take any Covid tests - either before departure or on arrival.
The prime minister has announced that he intends to remove England's remaining Covid restrictions at the end of the month.
What changes have come into force for vaccinated travellers?
Fully vaccinated travellers (two doses) and under-18s no longer need to take a test either before or after they arrive in England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.
To qualify as vaccinated, non-UK travellers must have received their jabs in a country or territory with "approved proof of vaccination". This now covers most countries in the world, with more - including China - due to join on 11 February.
What if I'm unvaccinated?
Unvaccinated travellers still have to show proof of a negative Covid test taken two days before departure.
They must also take a post-arrival PCR test two days after arrival. This must be booked before travelling to the UK and bought privately from a government-approved list of providers.
If this is positive, they need to self-isolate.
However, unvaccinated travellers no longer have to self-isolate on arrival, or take a test on day eight.
What other rules are still in force?
All unvaccinated travellers to the UK must complete a passenger locator form before departure.
How do I prove vaccinations and test results at the UK border?
Digital Covid passes showing your vaccination status can be downloaded to your phone, whether you're in England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.
Test results can be in the form of a printed document, or an email or text on your phone. They must be in English, French or Spanish.
European Union residents can use the EU Digital Covid Certificate to show their vaccination status or test results.
Since 3 February, 12 to 15-year-olds in England have also been able to prove their vaccination status via the digital NHS pass.
What about other countries' rules?
You are responsible for checking the entry requirements for any other countries you wish to visit, as well as the local Covid restrictions which are in force. These can change quickly.
Many UK families have cancelled half-term trips to mainland Spain and the Canary Islands because children over 12 must be double vaccinated to enter.
Very few countries allow unrestricted access to those who have not been vaccinated.
It is thought more than 80 holiday destinations around the world still require all UK travellers to take a pre-departure PCR test before arrival.
UK-issued Covid passes can be used throughout the EU to show proof of vaccination - either digitally, or as a printed download (as long as it is dated after than 1 November 2021).