renegadetribune--2020-04-27--Gypsy Holocaust? The Gypsies under the National Socialist Regime

• The Holocaust conference on the persecution of the Gypsies Starting on 3 October 1991 , at the Auschwitz State Museum at Auschwitz-Birkenau , an international conference was held on the topic of the persecution of the Gypsies during the Second World War .
The related papers were published in 1998 in a book entitled Sinti und Roma im KL Auschwitz-Birkenau 1943-44 .
Vor dem Hintergrund ihrer Verfolgung unter der Naziherrschaft [ Sinti and Roma in the Auschwitz-Birkenau Concentration Camp 1943-44 .
Against the Background of Their Persecution under Nazi Domination ] .
The volume , a compilation of 26 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ works , is an indispensable instrument for studying the matter .
The initial “ specific ” estimate of the number of Gypsies allegedly exterminated under the National Socialist regime – 219,700 persons – was adopted in 1972 by Donald Kenrick and Grattan Puxon in the book The Destiny of Europe ’ s Gypsies .
The “ official ” figure of 500,000 victims was subsequently imposed .
This figure , in fact , appears in the above-mentioned work , perhaps with a very wide range of variation—200,000-500,000 and even 240,000-500,000-1,000,000 .
But the problem @ @ @ @ @ @ @ The question is whether the National Socialist regime ever displayed a deliberate determination to exterminate the Gypsies and then put such a determination into action .
The position of Holocaust historiography with regard to the matter was summarised by Vlasta Kladivová : “ The National Socialist administration of Germany assigned the same fate to the Sinti and Roma as they did to the jews .
In all countries occupied by Germany , but particularly in Poland , in the western territories of the Soviet Union , in Croatia and Serbia , the majority @ @ @ @ @ @ @ masse .
In 1939 , some of the Sinti in Germany and Austria were partly sent to Dachau concentration camp or the women ’ s camp at Ravensbrück .
From March 1943 onwards , Sinti and Roma from Germany , in Central Europe , as well as from Poland to some extent , along with a small number from Western and southern Europe , were concentrated in the “ Zigeunerlager ” [ Gypsy camp ] in the mass-extermination camp of Auschwitz-Birkenau , ” where 1,700 non-registered Gypsies are said to have been gassed @ @ @ @ @ @ @ them , after being registered , are said to have been gassed on 2 August 1944 .
The fulcrum of the entire story is , therefore , the Auschwitz-Birkenau camp , which , according to Romani Rose , precisely “ symbolizes the genocide of the Sinti and Roma in Europe.
” It is , in fact , precisely from the Gypsies at Birkenau that Holocaust historiography has – with a remarkably circular chain of reasoning – deduced the racially motivated “ determination to exterminate ” on the part of the National Socialist regime @ @ @ @ @ @ @ therefore need to examine , first , the genesis and purpose of the deportation of the Gypsies to Birkenau , to ascertain whether the Gypsies were really sent there for purposes of extermination .
• Origin and purpose of the deportation of the Gypsies to Birkenau The deportation of the Gypsies to Birkenau was effected in consequence of a Himmler order dated 16 December 1942 .
This is the so-called “ Auschwitz-Erlaß ” ( Auschwitz Decree ) , preceded , on 13 October 1942 , by another decree from the Reichssicherheitshauptamt ( RSHA @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Zigeunerhäuptlinge ” ( Gypsy tribal heads ) , which “ distinguished between Sinti and Lalleri “ of pure race ” and “ good crossbreeds in a Gypsy sense ” on the one hand , and the “ remaining Gypsy crossbreeds and Roma on the other hand ” , as noted by Michael Zimmermann .
The first group was to be treated favorably : “ Bormann , head of the Party Chancery , then sent a letter to Himmler dated 3 December 1942 in which he declared himself opposed to any ‘ special treatment @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of pure race ’ and , in particular , to granting them permission to ‘ roam freely throughout the country.
’ ” Zimmermann then stated that the sense of the above-mentioned decree was that it was only desired to guarantee Gypsies “ a certain freedom of movement for the future [ … ] within a given territory.
” In this context , he also mentioned a Himmler order dated 16 September 1942 , which entrusted the Ahnenerbe ( National Socialist Institute of Genetic Legacies ) with conducting a study of the culture of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Piper once again called attention to Rudolf Höss ’ s statement that Gypsies of pure race , “ as descendents of the primordinal Indo-Germanic peoples in Hungary , in the region of Ödenburg ( Sopron ) , should be transferred to the region of Lake Neusiedl .
In the future , after the victory , it would be necessary to search for a new territory of settlement for them.
” The “ Auschwitz-Erlaß ” required the following , among other things : “ By order of the Reichsführer SS of 16.12.1942 – Journal @ @ @ @ @ @ @ crossbreeds , Gypsies who are Roma and belong to Gypsy stock of Balkan origin , having no German blood , should be selected according to certain directives and assigned to a concentration camp in an action lasting a very few weeks .
This circle of persons , in that which follows , shall be referred to , in abbreviated form , as “ Gypsy persons ” .
The internment shall occur by family , without consideration for the degree of crossbreeding , in the Gypsy concentration camp ( Gypsy Camp ) of Auschwitz @ @ @ @ @ @ @ persons shall be excluded from internment : • None Gypsy crossbreeds who are good crossbreeds in the Gypsy sense and according to the decree of the of 13.10.1942 – V A 2 no .
2260/42 – and 11.1.43 – V A 2 Nr .
40/43 – shall be integrated with selected Sinti Gypsy families of pure race and Lalleri families considered of pure race ; • None Socially adapted persons who had fixed employment and a fixed primary habitation prior to registration of the Gypsies ; [ … ] • None Gypsy persons @ @ @ @ @ @ @ service or who , in the current war , have been discharged from military service as invalids or with decorations ” .
Sub-paragraphs 1 and 2 of Paragraph 4 moreover order the following : “ The families must be interned in the camp together , insofar as possible , including all economically dependent children .
If children are lodged in [ institutions for the ] education of abandoned children or elsewhere , their reunion with the family , insofar as possible , prior to arrest .
In the same way , Gypsy children @ @ @ @ @ @ @ interned in a concentration camp or elsewhere must be proceeded with in the same way .
To avoid overly lengthy preventive detention , the arrest of Gypsy persons must occur only when rapid transport to the concentration camp is assured.
” These orders categorically disprove the allegation that the Gypsies were the object of racial persecution .
Thus , “ racial purity ” was , for them , even a guarantee of favorable treatment .
The measures taken in their regard were not inhumane , and are not consistent with a presumed intention @ @ @ @ @ @ @ is in conflict with the conditions of internment of the Gypsies at Birkenau .
In this regard , Franciszek Piper declared : “ The conditions of the Sinti and Roma differ from those of the other camp inmates , particularly in the fact that they may be lodged together with their families and are not all compelled to work physically .
Nor were they even subject to selection at the ramp , as occurred with the jewish transports .
Another one of [ their ] privileges was the possibility of keeping the personal @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the camp .
They could even use the valuables and sums of money which they smuggled into the camp for clandestine purchases in the camp and to procure foodstuffs for themselves and could also wear their own clothing.
” Helena Kubica stresses that the Gypsies at Auschwitz , at least in theory , were not treated as inmates , but as “ internees who were to remain there only until the end of the war , and their conditions were initially better than those of the other inmates ” .
This was particularly @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
“ The correspondence between the SS-WVHA ( Wirtschafts-Verwaltungshauptamt ) , SS-Obergruppenführer Oswald Pohl , and Obersturmbannführer Dr. Brandt of the personal staff of the Reichsführer-SS , has been preserved .
On 9 April , 1943 , Pohl , in this correspondence , among other things , wrote as follows : ‘ The administration of Auschwitz Concentration Camp has requested an improvement in food for pregnant Gypsy women and Gypsy infants and newborn children , with reference to the fact that the Reichsführer-SS wants it this way , because , with regard to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ intentions .
The requests are such that the rations correspond to those of German citizens .
I now ask you to verify what the wishes of the Reichsführer-SS [ actually ] are .
We can not give inmates ’ food to the Gypsies , but , supplied with supplements , we can assimilate them with the eastern workers and even give them supplements , even if pregnant eastern workers don ’ t receive them , and we can even give them our rations for future mothers .
Should we assist the children in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , even here , follow a middle path in the manner of the regulations for the eastern workers ?
I request that you inform me of the wish of the Reichsführer-SS so that I may draw up a definitive directive ’ .
The response to this letter came from Himmler ’ s chancery on 15 April 1943 and was signed by Dr. Brandt : ‘ With regard to your request of 9.4.1943 , I inform you that the Reichsführer-SS has decided that both pregnant Gypsies lodged [ at Auschwitz ] and their children @ @ @ @ @ @ @ eastern workers .
For the children , there is a need to find a suitable middle way according to the regulations on eastern workers.
’ ” Himmler ’ s directive did not just remain on paper .
“ In addition to better food and apart from the possibility of remaining together with their mothers , in the autumn of 1943 , at the request of the Gypsy camp physician , Dr. Josef Mengele , a nursery school was created in Barracks 29 and 31 along with a day nursery for children up to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ time .
Barracks 29 was intended for unweaned babies , while Barracks 31 was reserved for babies who already knew how to walk .
In the interval from [ ages ] 8 to 14 , several hundred children were attended to by staff consisting of inmates.
” This is confirmed by a letter from Dr. Mengele , Lagerarzt of the Gypsy camp , to the Zentralbauleitung of Auschwitz dated 23 March 1944 , which reads : “ For the deteriorated roofs of nursery Blocks 29 and 31 in the Gypsy camp , request @ @ @ @ @ @ @ tarpaper ( very urgent ) ” [ Für die schadhaften Dächer der Kindergarten-Blöcke 29 und 31 im Zigeunerlager wird um 100 Rollen Dachpappe gebeten ( sehr dringend ) . ]
” “ based on a Himmler order , the children in the nursery were to receive a special diet : milk , butter , white bread , broth or even marmalade and chocolate.
” Notwithstanding the above , mortality in the Gypsy camp was very high , but from this indubitable fact the Holocaust historiography draws the improper conclusion that the privileges described @ @ @ @ @ @ @ – were simply a “ measure of camouflage ” : “ That such privileges were illusory , and intended only to create the impression of provisional internment , is attested to by the fact that , of the nearly 23,000 Sinti and Roma registered in the camp between February 1943 and July 1944 , approximately 21,000 died ; 7,000 were killed in the gas chambers ; the remaining 14,000 died of various diseases and of hunger , or were declared sick and killed by SS doctors.
” According to the documents , of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
I shall address the alleged gassing victims a bit later on .
As stressed by Helena Kubica , the mortality resulted mainly from the primitive conditions prevailing in the Gypsy camp : “ At the end of March 1943 , there were already more than 10,000 Sinti and Roma in the ‘ Gypsy camp ’ .
The overcrowding of the barracks and the miserable hygienic-sanitary situation caused by the lack of water and the absence of sewerage facilities engendered a high mortality rate , particularly among children , and caused the spread @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , malaria , scabies and other typical childhood diseases such as scarlet fever , whooping cough and German measles .
Initially , the sick remained in their barracks together with the healthy , thus contributing to the spread of the epidemic.
” The German authorities sought to confront the situation somehow .
On 24 April 1943 , SS-Brigadeführer Hans Kammler , head of the C group of offices ( construction ) of the WVHA , sent the Auschwitz Zentralbauleitung a letter bearing as its subject “ KL-Auschwitz-Zigeunerlager ” [ Gypsy camp , Auschwitz @ @ @ @ @ @ @ : “ With the above-mentioned letter , the head of the D group of offices informs you that , due to the excessive pollution of the water in the existing water troughs intended for personal washing , the mortality rate for children under 10 is disproportionally high .
To prevent epidemics , instead of the existing washing troughs , it is necessary to install pipes with holes drilled in them from which the necessary water may drip , rather like a shower , without the possibility of pollution from the exterior .
You @ @ @ @ @ @ @ matters by 5.5.1943.
” Particularly at risk were the children born in the camp , who were numerous ; on 21 May 1943 , Rudolf Höss , the commandant at Auschwitz , spoke of “ approximately 50 births per day of children in the Gypsy camp.
” The camp administration attempted to improve the hygienic-sanitary situation by creating a hospital for the inmates ( Häftlingskrankenbau ) in Barracks 24 , 26 , 28 and 30 , three washhouses ( Waschbaracken ) and two latrine barracks ( Abortbaracken ) .
A disinfestation barracks was @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a report from SS-Sturmbannführer Karl Bischoff , head of the Auschwitz Zentralbauleitung , states : “ The transformation of a stable ( initially latrine barracks ) into a disinfestation barracks ( Entlausungsbaracke ) has begun .
To this end , two hot-air-disinfestation installations ( Heißluft-Entwesungsanlagen ) have already arrived .
The partitions of the individual areas have been walled up .
We have already begun coating the wooden walls and roof with Eraclit [ a building material ] .
Excavation for the heating area has been completed and the entire system of pipes @ @ @ @ @ @ @ plastered lath.
” In another report dated 11 September 1943 , Bischoff informed the camp administration : “ The disinfestation installation ( Entwesungsanlage ) in the Gypsy camp was turned over to SS-Unterscharführer Böhm on 8.9.1943 , and has been in operation since then.
” A list of the sanitary installations at Auschwitz and Birkenau drawn up by the civilian employee of the Zentralbauleitung Rudolf Jährling on 30 July 1943 describes the sanitary installation in the Gypsy camp as follows : “ 1 disinfestation barracks with 4 electrically operated hot-air installations .
Product @ @ @ @ @ @ @ shower installation ( completion of the plant : 15.8.1943 ) .
” Jean-Claude Pressac , in his first study on Auschwitz , published a photograph which shows these devices and a diagram of their layout .
Having ascertained that the Gypsies were not deported to Birkenau for purposes of extermination , the probative value and historical justification of the exterminationist hypothesis of their killing in gas chambers remains to be established .
4 .
The alleged gassing of Gypsies at Birkenau in 23 March 1943 Under the date of 23 March 1943 , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Kalendarium of Auschwitz : “ Afterwards , in the evening , in the Gypsy camp of Birkenau , the closure of the camp was ordered , the approximately 1,700 men , women and children housed in Barracks 20 and 22 , who had not been registered upon reception at the Gypsy camp , were made to exit the barracks , taken to the gas chambers and killed there .
These Gypsies were deported from the region of Białystok and were isolated in Barracks 20 and 22 on suspicion of having typhus .
They @ @ @ @ @ @ @ received no numbers , and only spent a few days in the camp.
” This alleged occurrence is based exclusively upon a single testimony .
Since no document exists to support the presumed gassing of these 1,700 Gypsies , or even their arrival at Auschwitz , Danuta Czech ’ s report has no historical basis .
• The alleged gassing of Gypsies at Birkenau on 25 May 1943 Under the date of 25 May 1943 , Danuta Czech writes : “ The SS-Lagerarzt [ camp physician ] , orders a quarantine for the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ time 507 Gypsies with numbers Z-7666–Z-8178 , and 528 female Gypsies with numbers Z-8331–Z-8864 , were taken to the gas chambers .
Among them were a few typhus patients , and several hundred persons suspected of typhus [ … ] .
The inmate employed in the Schreibstube [ record keeping office ] of the hospital in the Gypsy camp was ordered to record the death certificates of the gassed Gypsies as “ death from natural causes ” , indicating a dozen deaths per day for consistency ’ s sake.
” “ The Gypsy @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to the names of the gassed men from these transports , bears a cross and dates between 25 May and 2 June .
The [ same ] Gypsy Hauptbuch , right next to the names of the women from the above-mentioned transports , bears the notation ‘ SB ’ , for Sonderbehandlung [ ‘ special treatment ’ , presumed code language for homicidal gassing or a cross and dates between 26 May and 11 June 1943.
” First , I will say that the alleged selection is based upon mere testimonies .
The @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Gypsy women ’ s register ] , from 25 May to 11 June 1943 records 528 deaths , broken down as follows : [ chart missing ] I will first of all point out that the initials “ SB ” , of 528 deaths , are only attributed to 100 women and to none of the 349 male Gypsy deaths , i.e.
, to 100 deaths out of 877 .
If all these inmates were subjected to Sonderbehandlung – alleged “ homicidal gassing ” – why were only 100 recorded as such with @ @ @ @ @ @ @ oddity of these registrations is the breakdown of the deaths .
For six days , 50 Gypsy women were recorded in a round number , while one day shows 60 ; but for 4 June , the registrations show 139 .
Not only [ that ] , but for a good eight days ( from 28 May to 2 June , in addition to 5 and 6 June ) no deaths were registered at all .
If it was necessary to “ disguise ” these deaths , why were they not distributed in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 26 May to 11 June ?
On the other hand , if the practice of the alleged Sonderbehandlung— “ homicidal gassing ” – was legal , since it was ordered by the SS-WVHA , what need was there to “ disguise ” these deaths at all ?
The logic of “ disguising ” them is only justified in a context of illegality .
There is another oddity : why are all the numbers of the dead inmates consecutive ?
Before answering this question , it is necessary to know what happened in the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , in an article based on information received from the clandestine resistance movement with regard to the Zigeunerlager , notes : “ Other clandestine messages from 1943 make repeated mention of the typhus epidemic in the Zigeunerlager and the [ related ] high mortality rate : “ Petechial fever raging in the Zigeunerlager .
Mortality up to 30 Gypsies per day .
Gypsies often flee as a result [ ? ]
” [ May 1943 ] .
“ Very serious epidemic of petechial fever among the Gypsies – high mortality – , but @ @ @ @ @ @ @ contact ” [ June 1943 ] .
“ The Zigeunerlager , which contains 13,000 persons , is distinguished by the high mortality rate – particularly from abdominal and petechial typhus ” [ 14 June 1943 ] .
“ Petechial fever raging in the Zigeunerlager ” [ 20 June 1943 ] .
” Starting in mid-May , the entire camp was disinfested in the disinfestation facility of Camp BIb ( the disinfestation gas chamber of BW 5a ) , as SS-Untersturmführer Johann Schwarzhuber wrote to the camp command on 22 July .
But the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , because , at the beginning of July , two SS men doing service in the Gypsy camp and in Camp BIb also contracted petechial fever .
The majority of the deceased Gypsies belonged to a transport which had reached the camp from Białystok on 12 May 1943 : 468 Gypsy men had been registered under numbers Z-7666–Z-8133 and 503 Gypsy women under numbers Z-8331–Z-8833 .
The epidemic was confined to precisely these inmates , according to Tadeusz Szymański , Danuta Szymańska and Tadeusz Śniecko : “ The first cases of petechial fever @ @ @ @ @ @ @ interned in May 1943 from the voivodeship of Białystok and from Austria .
Verified and suspected cases of petechial fever , approximately 900 persons , were treated at the hospital.
” Therefore , both the men and the women who had been in close contact had mutually infected each other , with fatal results .
During this period , particularly because of the epidemic of petechial fever , the mortality rate in the Zigeunerlager was very high : but in such case , what need was there for a “ therapeutic ” extermination @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ?
What need was there to murder inmates who were dying en masse because of the epidemic ?
From the end of February until December 1943 , the mortality of the inmates registered in the Hauptbuch was 7,359 inmates , to whom must be added at least half of the 1,329 deaths for whom the dates are illegible , a total of at least 8,000 , thus the average mortality was approximately 27 deaths per day .
The mortality of [ 528 + 507 = ] 1,035 inmates in 14 days ( recordings @ @ @ @ @ @ @ deaths per day , a rate perfectly compatible with an epidemic of petechial fever .
In the men ’ s camp at Birkenau , in the midst of the petechial fever epidemic , 2,824 inmates died in ten days , from 10 to 19 August 1942 , an average of 282 per day , out of an average labor force of approximately 23,000 inmates [ = 1.23 % per day ] .
Since , as we have already seen above , the average labor force of the Zigeunerlager was 13,000 inmates , a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ] approximately 160 inmates per day , in the midst of the epidemic is consistent with the tragic reality of Birkenau .
In conclusion , there is nothing to show that the dead Gypsies were gassed , and there is nothing to indicate that their deaths were not the result of natural causes , although it is improbable that a round number of 50 inmates should have died per day .
The recordings of the deaths were performed in this way [ more ] for reasons of official policy – that is , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the work of drawing up the death certificates – than for purposes of “ concealment ” .
As for the initials “ S.B.
” , I have already noted the peculiarity of the use of these initials ; see above .
I would like to add that the words “ Gest .
[ orben ] S.B.
” is also rather strange : if “ S.B.
” was synonymous with homicidal gassing , what was the purpose of specifying that the respective inmates were “ gestorben ” [ had died ] ?
This rather @ @ @ @ @ @ @ in establishing a correlation between “ S.B.
” and death , that is , of creating “ proof ” of this alleged equivalence .
The “ Hauptbuch des Zigeunerlager ” was produced at Birkenau on 13 January 1949 , during the Stalin era .
Could it be that some overzealous employee of the Auschwitz Museum wished to add a datum ( the initials “ S.B.
” ) which would – from his point of view – have “ completed ” the register ?
If we examine page 542 of the women ’ s @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the initials “ S.B.
” that has been published – it is obvious that these initials were written in darker , higher-contrast , ink than the annotations “ Gest.
” , followed by the date , and , in contrast to these annotations , there are no smears : the strokes of the nib are clear and sharp .
Furthermore , the initials “ S.B.
” are written in a clearly different hand from that in which the annotations are written , as made obvious by the initials by the name of the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 8377 of the register ) on the same page .
This more than justifies the suspicion that the initials “ S.B.
” were added later , after the rediscovery of the registers .
Since the registers , consisting of three volumes ( one containing the men ’ s register , and the other two containing the women ’ s registers ) , were somewhat dilapidated , a comprehensive manipulation was not possible , because , on other pages , the new ink right next to the faded ink would have been too obvious @ @ @ @ @ @ @ has nothing improbable about it .
It is well known that the authorities of the Auschwitz Museum indulged in even bolder manipulations , in particular , through the “ reconstruction ” of the alleged gas chamber in Crematorium I of the Stammlager , which was fobbed off as original and authentic until 1992 .
• The presumed extermination of the Gypsies in the German-occupied territories and in German-allied territories Let us turn to the Auschwitz conference on the persecution of the Gypsies .
Piotr Kaszyca provides a long list of 167 “ execution @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 3,600 Gypsies are said to have been killed , a list subsequently updated to 188 locations and 4,200 victims , which would nevertheless only represent a small percentage of the 30,000 Gypsies deported to the Generalgouvernement from Reich territory in 1940 .
Prior to 1 September 1939 , there were 30,000 , 50,000 or 70,000 Gypsies living in Poland .
The presumed executions mentioned above are not , in reality , supported by documents or material reports .
It is all based on testimonies .
“ The war in Hungary ended on 4 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the terror of the swastika .
The losses of the Roma people amounted , according to various estimations , to 5-10 % of their population .
But since the Roma , because of their particular life style , particularly their indefatigable wanderings , could not be taken into consideration in the pre-war census , there are , as a result , no reliable data as to their numbers ; these percentages may mean either a few thousand or a few tens of thousands of victims.
” But he supplies no figure as to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ statement , in addition to being based on quite an arbitrary percentage of victims , is logically nonsensical as well .
Susanne Heim asserts that there were 275,000 Gypsies in Hungary in 1942 , so that , if we adopt the above-mentioned arbitrary percentages , the victims would have amounted to 13,750-27,500 .
Ctibor Nečas reports that 176 mass graves containing 3,723 bodies , among them 720 women and 211 children , were found in Slovakian territory after the surrender .
But he states : “ There is no way of determining the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ More than 100,000 Sinti and Roma lived in Czechoslovakia .
Serbia is one of the very few countries for which there is any documentary evidence of killings of Gypsies .
A small proportion of these – together a larger number of jews – were in fact shot in reprisal for the activities of Tito partisans .
The hostages were theoretically all women , since “ it was contrary to the attitude ( Auffassung ) of German soldiers and officials to take female hostages ” , unless they were the wives or relatives of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a note dated 25 October 1941 , Franz Rademacher , head of the jewish section of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs , wrote : “ What remains of approximately 20,000 jews ( women , children and old people ) , as well as approximately 1,500 Gypsy women , whose husbands were also shot , must be concentrated in the so-called Gypsy quarter of Belgrade as a ghetto .
Provisions for the winter could be provided in some manner.
” The three mass shootings in October 1941 killed approximately 5,200 jews , 450 Gypsies @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of 1,000-1,200 Gypsies at most .
But the same Germans estimated the Gypsy population of Serbia in 1943 at 115,000 , which means that the killing victims amounted to approximately 1 % of the total [ Gypsy ] population .
The degree to which the National Socialist authorities intended to carry out a Holocaust of the Gypsies is shown by the fact that 282 Gypsies ( women and children ) were released from internment in the presumed extermination camp of Semlin , where 5,000-6,000 , or 7,500 , jewish women and children , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ gas vans ; yet the Gypsies had been interned in this same camp .
The killing of Gypsies is documented for the Soviet Union as well .
The indictment in the Einsatzgruppen trial mentions the documents in which executions of Gypsies are recorded .
Let us briefly summarize the related data in the following table : Report on Events in the Soviet Union no .
150 dated 2 January 1942 ( Document NO-2834 ) also ascribes the killing of 824 Gypsies in the Crimea in the period 16 November-15 December 1941 to Einsatzgruppe @ @ @ @ @ @ @ for racial motives .
A report on partisan activities in the rear of Army Group North for the period from 1-16 June 1942 states : “ In the zone north of Novorzhev on 7 June 1942 , after investigations , 128 Gypsies were shot for assisting the partisans.
” And a directive from the 281st Security Division at Feldkommandantur 822 dated 24 March 1943 recalled : “ According to the order of the General Command dated 2 November 1941-VII 1045/43 , resident Gypsies who have already lived two years at their place of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ suspect must be left where they are , while migratory Gypsies must be entrusted to the nearest Einsatzkommando of the Security Service.
” The total number of Gypsies shot therefore amounts to ( 1,711 + 824 + 128 = ) 2,663 .
Leo Lucassen published a table of Gypsy victims which I have supplemented with the data set forth above : These figures , for the most part , have no historical-documentary basis in fact , and are often treated acritically in the book by Donald Kenrick and Grattan Puxon .
• Mortality @ @ @ @ @ @ @ concentration camps and extermination camps The following table summarizes the data supplied by Gudrun Schwarz in his report entitled Sinti und Roma in den Nationalsozialistischen Konzentrationslagern .
Ein allgemeiner Überblick ( Sinti and Roma in the National Socialist concentration camps .
General overview : ) The Gypsies deported to the concentration camps , considering the transfers from one camp to another , do not exceed more than 35,000 in number .
We do not know how many of these died , apart from the ( 18,249 – 5,632 = ) 12,617 from Auschwitz @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Let us now go on to the alleged extermination camps : The presumed gassing of 5,000 Gypsies at Chełmno is not only documentarily unfounded , but also erroneous and numerically contradictory .
It rests excusively on the – totally unreliable – testimony of a self-proclaimed escapee from the camp known only by his nickname : “ Szlamek ” .
“ In the absence of documents , it is impossible to establish certain data on the definitive liquidation of the Gypsies in the Łódź camp [ that is , the Łódź Gypsy camp ] @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the extermination camp at Chełmno on the Ner fell in the period between 5 and 12 January 1942 .
This can be deduced from the invoices issued by the administration of the ghetto for the rental of trucks for the needs of the Gypsy camp .
This is also confirmed by the jew “ Szlamek ” , an escapee from the Chełmno extermination centre.
” “ This information on the subject of the Gypsies is found in the reports from escapees from the camp , for example : AŻIH [ Archive of the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ring [ Ringelblum Archive ] I , no .
412 ( Szlamek Report ) .
This report was published in : R. Sakowska… ” The figure of 5,000 Gypsies is moreover erroneous since , of the 5,007 Gypsies deported to the Lodz ghetto , 213 died in the month of November 1941 , 400 in the month of December and 29 in the days between 1 and 2 January 1942 , so that no more than 4,365 Gypsies could have been deported to Chełmno .
Finally , the figure in question is also @ @ @ @ @ @ @ mentions the killing of Gypsies , in the days between 8 and 9 January 1942 , in which there are said to have been a total of 15 or 16 Gaswagen transports of 60 persons each , a total of 960 persons , so that he did not account for the fates of the remaining 3,405 Gypsies .
In conclusion , the “ verified ” victims of the presumed extermination camps are said to have amounted to approximately 12,000 people .
Even if we add the 3,863 Gypsies who were shot , the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and the approximately 11,250 deaths at Auschwitz , the total number of victims would amount to approximately 145,600 , well off the propagandistic official figure of 500,000 and still further from reality , since in this group the number of murder victims – 130,500 Gypsies – is documentarily unfounded and purely conjectural .
The number of documentarily verified dead and murdered Gypsies is in fact ( 12,617 + 1,200 + 2,663 = ) 16,480 , excluding the deaths among the approximately ( 35,000 – 20,943 = ) 14,047 internees in the concentration camps @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to a few thousand more at most .
In practical terms , 4 % of the mythical figure of 500,000 .
The presumed Holocaust of the Gypsies is , therefore , without historical foundation .

By Carlo Mattogno
The Holocaust conference on the persecution of the Gypsies
Starting on 3 October 1991, at the Auschwitz State Museum at Auschwitz-Birkenau, an international conference was held on the topic of the persecution of the Gypsies during the Second World War. The related papers were published in 1998 in a book entitled Sinti und Roma im KL Auschwitz-Birkenau 1943-44. Vor dem Hintergrund ihrer Verfolgung unter der Naziherrschaft [Sinti and Roma in the Auschwitz-Birkenau Concentration Camp 1943-44. Against the Background of Their Persecution under Nazi Domination].
The volume, a compilation of 26 reports and a specific bibliography of 436 works, is an indispensable instrument for studying the matter.
The initial “specific” estimate of the number of Gypsies allegedly exterminated under the National Socialist regime – 219,700 persons – was adopted in 1972 by Donald Kenrick and Grattan Puxon in the book The Destiny of Europe’s Gypsies. The “official” figure of 500,000 victims was subsequently imposed. This figure, in fact, appears in the above-mentioned work, perhaps with a very wide range of variation—200,000-500,000 and even 240,000-500,000-1,000,000.
But the problem is not just a statistical one. The question is whether the National Socialist regime ever displayed a deliberate determination to exterminate the Gypsies and then put such a determination into action.
The position of Holocaust historiography with regard to the matter was summarised by Vlasta Kladivová:
“The National Socialist administration of Germany assigned the same fate to the Sinti and Roma as they did to the jews. In all countries occupied by Germany, but particularly in Poland, in the western territories of the Soviet Union, in Croatia and Serbia, the majority of Sinti and Roma were killed en masse. In 1939, some of the Sinti in Germany and Austria were partly sent to Dachau concentration camp or the women’s camp at Ravensbrück. From March 1943 onwards, Sinti and Roma from Germany, in Central Europe, as well as from Poland to some extent, along with a small number from Western and southern Europe, were concentrated in the “Zigeunerlager” [Gypsy camp] in the mass-extermination camp of Auschwitz-Birkenau,”
where 1,700 non-registered Gypsies are said to have been gassed in March 1943, and 2,991 of them, after being registered, are said to have been gassed on 2 August 1944. The fulcrum of the entire story is, therefore, the Auschwitz-Birkenau camp, which, according to Romani Rose, precisely “symbolizes the genocide of the Sinti and Roma in Europe.” It is, in fact, precisely from the Gypsies at Birkenau that Holocaust historiography has – with a remarkably circular chain of reasoning – deduced the racially motivated “determination to exterminate” on the part of the National Socialist regime with regard to the Gypsies.
We therefore need to examine, first, the genesis and purpose of the deportation of the Gypsies to Birkenau, to ascertain whether the Gypsies were really sent there for purposes of extermination.
Origin and purpose of the deportation of the Gypsies to Birkenau
The deportation of the Gypsies to Birkenau was effected in consequence of a Himmler order dated 16 December 1942. This is the so-called “Auschwitz-Erlaß” (Auschwitz Decree), preceded, on 13 October 1942, by another decree from the Reichssicherheitshauptamt (RSHA) on the subject of the “Zigeunerhäuptlinge” (Gypsy tribal heads), which “distinguished between Sinti and Lalleri “of pure race” and “good crossbreeds in a Gypsy sense” on the one hand, and the “remaining Gypsy crossbreeds and Roma on the other hand”, as noted by Michael Zimmermann. The first group was to be treated favorably:
“Bormann, head of the Party Chancery, then sent a letter to Himmler dated 3 December 1942 in which he declared himself opposed to any ‘special treatment [Sonderbehandlung] of the so-called Gypsies of pure race’ and, in particular, to granting them permission to ‘roam freely throughout the country.’”
Zimmermann then stated that the sense of the above-mentioned decree was that it was only desired to guarantee Gypsies “a certain freedom of movement for the future […] within a given territory.” In this context, he also mentioned a Himmler order dated 16 September 1942, which entrusted the Ahnenerbe (National Socialist Institute of Genetic Legacies) with conducting a study of the culture of the Roma and Sinti. And Franciszek Piper once again called attention to Rudolf Höss’s statement that Gypsies of pure race, “as descendents of the primordinal Indo-Germanic peoples in Hungary, in the region of Ödenburg (Sopron), should be transferred to the region of Lake Neusiedl. In the future, after the victory, it would be necessary to search for a new territory of settlement for them.”
The “Auschwitz-Erlaß” required the following, among other things:
“By order of the Reichsführer SS of 16.12.1942 – Journal no. I 2652/42 Ad/RF/V – Gypsy crossbreeds, Gypsies who are Roma and belong to Gypsy stock of Balkan origin, having no German blood, should be selected according to certain directives and assigned to a concentration camp in an action lasting a very few weeks. This circle of persons, in that which follows, shall be referred to, in abbreviated form, as “Gypsy persons”. The internment shall occur by family, without consideration for the degree of crossbreeding, in the Gypsy concentration camp (Gypsy Camp) of Auschwitz. […].
The following persons shall be excluded from internment:
Sinti and Lalleri Gypsies of pure race; Gypsy crossbreeds who are good crossbreeds in the Gypsy sense and according to the decree of the Reichssicherheitshauptamt of 13.10.1942 – V A 2 no. 2260/42 – and 11.1.43 – V A 2 Nr. 40/43 – shall be integrated with selected Sinti Gypsy families of pure race and Lalleri families considered of pure race; Socially adapted persons who had fixed employment and a fixed primary habitation prior to registration of the Gypsies; […] Gypsy persons who are still engaged in their military service or who, in the current war, have been discharged from military service as invalids or with decorations”.
Sub-paragraphs 1 and 2 of Paragraph 4 moreover order the following:
“The families must be interned in the camp together, insofar as possible, including all economically dependent children. If children are lodged in [institutions for the] education of abandoned children or elsewhere, their reunion with the family, insofar as possible, prior to arrest. In the same way, Gypsy children whose parents are dead [or] interned in a concentration camp or elsewhere must be proceeded with in the same way. To avoid overly lengthy preventive detention, the arrest of Gypsy persons must occur only when rapid transport to the concentration camp is assured.”
These orders categorically disprove the allegation that the Gypsies were the object of racial persecution. Thus, “racial purity” was, for them, even a guarantee of favorable treatment. The measures taken in their regard were not inhumane, and are not consistent with a presumed intention to commit genocide.
The Gypsy camp at Birkenau
This presumed intention is in conflict with the conditions of internment of the Gypsies at Birkenau. In this regard, Franciszek Piper declared:
“The conditions of the Sinti and Roma differ from those of the other camp inmates, particularly in the fact that they may be lodged together with their families and are not all compelled to work physically. Nor were they even subject to selection at the ramp, as occurred with the jewish transports. Another one of [their] privileges was the possibility of keeping the personal belongings which they brought with them to the camp. They could even use the valuables and sums of money which they smuggled into the camp for clandestine purchases in the camp and to procure foodstuffs for themselves and could also wear their own clothing.”
Helena Kubica stresses that the Gypsies at Auschwitz, at least in theory, were not treated as inmates, but as “internees who were to remain there only until the end of the war, and their conditions were initially better than those of the other inmates”. This was particularly true with regard to food for children.
“The correspondence between the SS-WVHA (Wirtschafts-Verwaltungshauptamt), SS-Obergruppenführer Oswald Pohl, and Obersturmbannführer Dr. Brandt of the personal staff of the Reichsführer-SS, has been preserved. On 9 April, 1943, Pohl, in this correspondence, among other things, wrote as follows:
‘The administration of Auschwitz Concentration Camp has requested an improvement in food for pregnant Gypsy women and Gypsy infants and newborn children, with reference to the fact that the Reichsführer-SS wants it this way, because, with regard to the Gypsies, he has rather particular intentions. The requests are such that the rations correspond to those of German citizens. I now ask you to verify what the wishes of the Reichsführer-SS [actually] are. We cannot give inmates’ food to the Gypsies, but, supplied with supplements, we can assimilate them with the eastern workers and even give them supplements, even if pregnant eastern workers don’t receive them, and we can even give them our rations for future mothers. Should we assist the children in accordance with the rations for Germans or, even here, follow a middle path in the manner of the regulations for the eastern workers? I request that you inform me of the wish of the Reichsführer-SS so that I may draw up a definitive directive’.
The response to this letter came from Himmler’s chancery on 15 April 1943 and was signed by Dr. Brandt:
‘With regard to your request of 9.4.1943, I inform you that the Reichsführer-SS has decided that both pregnant Gypsies lodged [at Auschwitz] and their children must receive the food due to the eastern workers. For the children, there is a need to find a suitable middle way according to the regulations on eastern workers.’”
Himmler’s directive did not just remain on paper.
“In addition to better food and apart from the possibility of remaining together with their mothers, in the autumn of 1943, at the request of the Gypsy camp physician, Dr. Josef Mengele, a nursery school was created in Barracks 29 and 31 along with a day nursery for children up to the age of 6 at the same time. Barracks 29 was intended for unweaned babies, while Barracks 31 was reserved for babies who already knew how to walk. In the interval from [ages] 8 to 14, several hundred children were attended to by staff consisting of inmates.”
This is confirmed by a letter from Dr. Mengele, Lagerarzt of the Gypsy camp, to the Zentralbauleitung of Auschwitz dated 23 March 1944, which reads:
“For the deteriorated roofs of nursery Blocks 29 and 31 in the Gypsy camp, request is hereby made for 100 rolls of tarpaper (very urgent)” [Für die schadhaften Dächer der Kindergarten-Blöcke 29 und 31 im Zigeunerlager wird um 100 Rollen Dachpappe gebeten (sehr dringend).]”
Helena Kubica then adds that,
“based on a Himmler order, the children in the nursery were to receive a special diet: milk, butter, white bread, broth or even marmalade and chocolate.”
Notwithstanding the above, mortality in the Gypsy camp was very high, but from this indubitable fact the Holocaust historiography draws the improper conclusion that the privileges described above – as asserted by Franciszek Piper – were simply a “measure of camouflage”:
“That such privileges were illusory, and intended only to create the impression of provisional internment, is attested to by the fact that, of the nearly 23,000 Sinti and Roma registered in the camp between February 1943 and July 1944, approximately 21,000 died; 7,000 were killed in the gas chambers; the remaining 14,000 died of various diseases and of hunger, or were declared sick and killed by SS doctors.”
According to the documents, of the 20,943 registered Gypsies, 18,249 died. I shall address the alleged gassing victims a bit later on.
As stressed by Helena Kubica, the mortality resulted mainly from the primitive conditions prevailing in the Gypsy camp:
“At the end of March 1943, there were already more than 10,000 Sinti and Roma in the ‘Gypsy camp’. The overcrowding of the barracks and the miserable hygienic-sanitary situation caused by the lack of water and the absence of sewerage facilities engendered a high mortality rate, particularly among children, and caused the spread of epidemics: typhus, pulmonary tuberculosis, malaria, scabies and other typical childhood diseases such as scarlet fever, whooping cough and German measles. Initially, the sick remained in their barracks together with the healthy, thus contributing to the spread of the epidemic.”
The German authorities sought to confront the situation somehow. On 24 April 1943, SS-Brigadeführer Hans Kammler, head of the C group of offices (construction) of the WVHA, sent the Auschwitz Zentralbauleitung a letter bearing as its subject “KL-Auschwitz-Zigeunerlager” [Gypsy camp, Auschwitz Concentration Camp] in which he wrote:
“With the above-mentioned letter, the head of the D group of offices informs you that, due to the excessive pollution of the water in the existing water troughs intended for personal washing, the mortality rate for children under 10 is disproportionally high. To prevent epidemics, instead of the existing washing troughs, it is necessary to install pipes with holes drilled in them from which the necessary water may drip, rather like a shower, without the possibility of pollution from the exterior. You must report to me on the above matters by 5.5.1943.”
Particularly at risk were the children born in the camp, who were numerous; on 21 May 1943, Rudolf Höss, the commandant at Auschwitz, spoke of “approximately 50 births per day of children in the Gypsy camp.”
The camp administration attempted to improve the hygienic-sanitary situation by creating a hospital for the inmates (Häftlingskrankenbau) in Barracks 24, 26, 28 and 30, three washhouses (Waschbaracken) and two latrine barracks (Abortbaracken). A disinfestation barracks was also constructed, with regard to which a report from SS-Sturmbannführer Karl Bischoff, head of the Auschwitz Zentralbauleitung, states:
“The transformation of a stable (initially latrine barracks) into a disinfestation barracks (Entlausungsbaracke) has begun. To this end, two hot-air-disinfestation installations (Heißluft-Entwesungsanlagen) have already arrived. The partitions of the individual areas have been walled up. We have already begun coating the wooden walls and roof with Eraclit [a building material]. Excavation for the heating area has been completed and the entire system of pipes inside the barracks has been covered with plastered lath.”
In another report dated 11 September 1943, Bischoff informed the camp administration:
“The disinfestation installation (Entwesungsanlage) in the Gypsy camp was turned over to SS-Unterscharführer Böhm on 8.9.1943, and has been in operation since then.”
A list of the sanitary installations at Auschwitz and Birkenau drawn up by the civilian employee of the Zentralbauleitung Rudolf Jährling on 30 July 1943 describes the sanitary installation in the Gypsy camp as follows:
“1 disinfestation barracks with 4 electrically operated hot-air installations. Product: Umluftapparatebau G.m.b.H., Berlin-Charlottenburg; with shower installation (completion of the plant: 15.8.1943).”
Jean-Claude Pressac, in his first study on Auschwitz, published a photograph which shows these devices and a diagram of their layout.
Having ascertained that the Gypsies were not deported to Birkenau for purposes of extermination, the probative value and historical justification of the exterminationist hypothesis of their killing in gas chambers remains to be established.
4. The alleged gassing of Gypsies at Birkenau in 23 March 1943
Under the date of 23 March 1943, Danuta Czech wrote as follows in her Kalendarium of Auschwitz:
“Afterwards, in the evening, in the Gypsy camp of Birkenau, the closure of the camp was ordered, the approximately 1,700 men, women and children housed in Barracks 20 and 22, who had not been registered upon reception at the Gypsy camp, were made to exit the barracks, taken to the gas chambers and killed there. These Gypsies were deported from the region of Białystok and were isolated in Barracks 20 and 22 on suspicion of having typhus. They were not registered at the camp, received no numbers, and only spent a few days in the camp.”
This alleged occurrence is based exclusively upon a single testimony. Since no document exists to support the presumed gassing of these 1,700 Gypsies, or even their arrival at Auschwitz, Danuta Czech’s report has no historical basis.
The alleged gassing of Gypsies at Birkenau on 25 May 1943
Under the date of 25 May 1943, Danuta Czech writes:
“The SS-Lagerarzt [camp physician], orders a quarantine for the Gypsy camp in Birkenau, during which time 507 Gypsies with numbers Z-7666–Z-8178, and 528 female Gypsies with numbers Z-8331–Z-8864, were taken to the gas chambers. Among them were a few typhus patients, and several hundred persons suspected of typhus […]. The inmate employed in the Schreibstube [record keeping office] of the hospital in the Gypsy camp was ordered to record the death certificates of the gassed Gypsies as “death from natural causes”, indicating a dozen deaths per day for consistency’s sake.”
In a footnote, Danuta Czech explains:
“The Gypsy Hauptbuch [Register], right next to the names of the gassed men from these transports, bears a cross and dates between 25 May and 2 June. The [same] Gypsy Hauptbuch, right next to the names of the women from the above-mentioned transports, bears the notation ‘SB’, for Sonderbehandlung [‘special treatment’, presumed code language for homicidal gassing or a cross and dates between 26 May and 11 June 1943.”
First, I will say that the alleged selection is based upon mere testimonies. The “Hauptbuch der Zigeunerinnen” [main Gypsy women’s register], from 25 May to 11 June 1943 records 528 deaths, broken down as follows: [chart missing]
I will first of all point out that the initials “SB”, of 528 deaths, are only attributed to 100 women and to none of the 349 male Gypsy deaths, i.e., to 100 deaths out of 877. If all these inmates were subjected to Sonderbehandlung – alleged “homicidal gassing” – why were only 100 recorded as such with the initials “SB”?
Another oddity of these registrations is the breakdown of the deaths. For six days, 50 Gypsy women were recorded in a round number, while one day shows 60; but for 4 June, the registrations show 139. Not only [that], but for a good eight days (from 28 May to 2 June, in addition to 5 and 6 June) no deaths were registered at all. If it was necessary to “disguise” these deaths, why were they not distributed in an irregular manner every day, from 26 May to 11 June?
On the other hand, if the practice of the alleged Sonderbehandlung—“homicidal gassing” – was legal, since it was ordered by the SS-WVHA, what need was there to “disguise” these deaths at all? The logic of “disguising” them is only justified in a context of illegality.
There is another oddity: why are all the numbers of the dead inmates consecutive? Before answering this question, it is necessary to know what happened in the Zigeunerlager during that period. Henryk Świebocki, in an article based on information received from the clandestine resistance movement with regard to the Zigeunerlager, notes:
“Other clandestine messages from 1943 make repeated mention of the typhus epidemic in the Zigeunerlager and the [related] high mortality rate: “Petechial fever raging in the Zigeunerlager. Mortality up to 30 Gypsies per day. Gypsies often flee as a result [?]” [May 1943]. “Very serious epidemic of petechial fever among the Gypsies – high mortality –, but the camp is closed to prevent all contact” [June 1943]. “The Zigeunerlager, which contains 13,000 persons, is distinguished by the high mortality rate – particularly from abdominal and petechial typhus” [14 June 1943]. “Petechial fever raging in the Zigeunerlager” [20 June 1943].”
Starting in mid-May, the entire camp was disinfested in the disinfestation facility of Camp BIb (the disinfestation gas chamber of BW 5a), as SS-Untersturmführer Johann Schwarzhuber wrote to the camp command on 22 July. But the sanitary situation was not yet under control, because, at the beginning of July, two SS men doing service in the Gypsy camp and in Camp BIb also contracted petechial fever.
The majority of the deceased Gypsies belonged to a transport which had reached the camp from Białystok on 12 May 1943: 468 Gypsy men had been registered under numbers Z-7666–Z-8133 and 503 Gypsy women under numbers Z-8331–Z-8833. The epidemic was confined to precisely these inmates, according to Tadeusz Szymański, Danuta Szymańska and Tadeusz Śniecko:
“The first cases of petechial fever occurred among the Gypsies who had been interned in May 1943 from the voivodeship of Białystok and from Austria. Verified and suspected cases of petechial fever, approximately 900 persons, were treated at the hospital.”
Therefore, both the men and the women who had been in close contact had mutually infected each other, with fatal results.
During this period, particularly because of the epidemic of petechial fever, the mortality rate in the Zigeunerlager was very high: but in such case, what need was there for a “therapeutic” extermination of the typhus victims or suspected victims? What need was there to murder inmates who were dying en masse because of the epidemic?
From the end of February until December 1943, the mortality of the inmates registered in the Hauptbuch was 7,359 inmates, to whom must be added at least half of the 1,329 deaths for whom the dates are illegible, a total of at least 8,000, thus the average mortality was approximately 27 deaths per day. The mortality of [528 + 507 =] 1,035 inmates in 14 days (recordings) represents an average of approximately 74 deaths per day, a rate perfectly compatible with an epidemic of petechial fever. In the men’s camp at Birkenau, in the midst of the petechial fever epidemic, 2,824 inmates died in ten days, from 10 to 19 August 1942, an average of 282 per day, out of an average labor force of approximately 23,000 inmates [= 1.23% per day]. Since, as we have already seen above, the average labor force of the Zigeunerlager was 13,000 inmates, a mortality of [13,000 x 1.23/100 =] approximately 160 inmates per day, in the midst of the epidemic is consistent with the tragic reality of Birkenau.
In conclusion, there is nothing to show that the dead Gypsies were gassed, and there is nothing to indicate that their deaths were not the result of natural causes, although it is improbable that a round number of 50 inmates should have died per day. The recordings of the deaths were performed in this way [more] for reasons of official policy – that is, for purposes of a practical scheduling of the work of drawing up the death certificates – than for purposes of “concealment”.
As for the initials “S.B.”, I have already noted the peculiarity of the use of these initials; see above. I would like to add that the words “Gest.[orben] S.B.” is also rather strange: if “S.B.” was synonymous with homicidal gassing, what was the purpose of specifying that the respective inmates were “gestorben” [had died]? This rather accords with the explanation of someone interested in establishing a correlation between “S.B.” and death, that is, of creating “proof” of this alleged equivalence. The “Hauptbuch des Zigeunerlager” was produced at Birkenau on 13 January 1949, during the Stalin era. Could it be that some overzealous employee of the Auschwitz Museum wished to add a datum (the initials “S.B.”) which would – from his point of view – have “completed” the register? If we examine page 542 of the women’s register carefully – the only one containing the initials “S.B.” that has been published – it is obvious that these initials were written in darker, higher-contrast, ink than the annotations “Gest.”, followed by the date, and, in contrast to these annotations, there are no smears: the strokes of the nib are clear and sharp. Furthermore, the initials “S.B.” are written in a clearly different hand from that in which the annotations are written, as made obvious by the initials by the name of the Gypsy woman Sofia Brzesziński (no. 8377 of the register) on the same page. This more than justifies the suspicion that the initials “S.B.” were added later, after the rediscovery of the registers. Since the registers, consisting of three volumes (one containing the men’s register, and the other two containing the women’s registers), were somewhat dilapidated, a comprehensive manipulation was not possible, because, on other pages, the new ink right next to the faded ink would have been too obvious to fool anyone.
Such a suspicion has nothing improbable about it. It is well known that the authorities of the Auschwitz Museum indulged in even bolder manipulations, in particular, through the “reconstruction” of the alleged gas chamber in Crematorium I of the Stammlager, which was fobbed off as original and authentic until 1992.
The presumed extermination of the Gypsies in the German-occupied territories and in German-allied territories
7.1. The Generalgouvernement
Let us turn to the Auschwitz conference on the persecution of the Gypsies. Piotr Kaszyca provides a long list of 167 “execution locations” in the Generalgouvernement in which 3,600 Gypsies are said to have been killed, a list subsequently updated to 188 locations and 4,200 victims, which would nevertheless only represent a small percentage of the 30,000 Gypsies deported to the Generalgouvernement from Reich territory in 1940. Prior to 1 September 1939, there were 30,000, 50,000 or 70,000 Gypsies living in Poland. The presumed executions mentioned above are not, in reality, supported by documents or material reports. It is all based on testimonies.
7.2. Hungary
András T. Hegedüs declared:
“The war in Hungary ended on 4 April 1945, and with it, the terror of the swastika. The losses of the Roma people amounted, according to various estimations, to 5-10% of their population. But since the Roma, because of their particular life style, particularly their indefatigable wanderings, could not be taken into consideration in the pre-war census, there are, as a result, no reliable data as to their numbers; these percentages may mean either a few thousand or a few tens of thousands of victims.”
But he supplies no figure as to the Gypsy population, so that his statement, in addition to being based on quite an arbitrary percentage of victims, is logically nonsensical as well. Susanne Heim asserts that there were 275,000 Gypsies in Hungary in 1942, so that, if we adopt the above-mentioned arbitrary percentages, the victims would have amounted to 13,750-27,500.
7.3. Slovakia
Ctibor Nečas reports that 176 mass graves containing 3,723 bodies, among them 720 women and 211 children, were found in Slovakian territory after the surrender. But he states: “There is no way of determining the number of Roma among these victims.” More than 100,000 Sinti and Roma lived in Czechoslovakia.
7.4. Serbia
Serbia is one of the very few countries for which there is any documentary evidence of killings of Gypsies. A small proportion of these – together a larger number of jews – were in fact shot in reprisal for the activities of Tito partisans. The hostages were theoretically all women, since “it was contrary to the attitude (Auffassung) of German soldiers and officials to take female hostages”, unless they were the wives or relatives of partisans fighting in the mountains.” In a note dated 25 October 1941, Franz Rademacher, head of the jewish section of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, wrote:
“What remains of approximately 20,000 jews (women, children and old people), as well as approximately 1,500 Gypsy women, whose husbands were also shot, must be concentrated in the so-called Gypsy quarter of Belgrade as a ghetto. Provisions for the winter could be provided in some manner.”
The three mass shootings in October 1941 killed approximately 5,200 jews, 450 Gypsies and 805 jews and Gypsies—a maximum total of 1,000-1,200 Gypsies at most. But the same Germans estimated the Gypsy population of Serbia in 1943 at 115,000, which means that the killing victims amounted to approximately 1% of the total [Gypsy] population. The degree to which the National Socialist authorities intended to carry out a Holocaust of the Gypsies is shown by the fact that 282 Gypsies (women and children) were released from internment in the presumed extermination camp of Semlin, where 5,000-6,000, or 7,500, jewish women and children, are said to have been killed in gas vans; yet the Gypsies had been interned in this same camp.
7.5. Soviet Union
The killing of Gypsies is documented for the Soviet Union as well. The indictment in the Einsatzgruppen trial mentions the documents in which executions of Gypsies are recorded. Let us briefly summarize the related data in the following table:
Date Locality Number Unit 1 February 1942 Loknya 38 Einsatzgruppe A 10-24 April 1942 Lettonia 71 Einsatzgruppe A 6-30 March 1942 Klintsy 45 Sonderkommando 7a 6-30 March Mogilev 33 Einsatzkommando 8 September-October 1941 Vyrna, Dederev 32 Sonderkommando 4a 16-28 February 1942 zone of operations 421 Einsatzgruppe D 1-15 March 1942 zone of operations 810 Einsatzgruppe D 15-30 March 1942 zone of operations 261 Einsatzgruppe D Total: 1,711
Report on Events in the Soviet Union no. 150 dated 2 January 1942 (Document NO-2834) also ascribes the killing of 824 Gypsies in the Crimea in the period 16 November-15 December 1941 to Einsatzgruppe D.
Nor were these shootings carried out for racial motives. A report on partisan activities in the rear of Army Group North for the period from 1-16 June 1942 states: “In the zone north of Novorzhev on 7 June 1942, after investigations, 128 Gypsies were shot for assisting the partisans.” And a directive from the 281st Security Division at Feldkommandantur 822 dated 24 March 1943 recalled: “According to the order of the General Command dated 2 November 1941-VII 1045/43, resident Gypsies who have already lived two years at their place of residence and are not politically and criminally suspect must be left where they are, while migratory Gypsies must be entrusted to the nearest Einsatzkommando of the Security Service.”
The total number of Gypsies shot therefore amounts to (1,711 + 824 + 128 =) 2,663.
7.6. Other countries and recap
Leo Lucassen published a table of Gypsy victims which I have supplemented with the data set forth above:
Country Number of victims Croatia 28,000 Romania 36,000 Hungary 28,000 France 17,000 Holland 245 Belgium 351 Italy 1,000 Generalgouvernement 4,200 Slovakia less than 3,723 Serbia less than 1,200 Soviet Union 2,663 Total less than 122,382
These figures, for the most part, have no historical-documentary basis in fact, and are often treated acritically in the book by Donald Kenrick and Grattan Puxon.
Mortality and presumed murder of Gypsies in the concentration camps and extermination camps
8.1. Concentration camps
The following table summarizes the data supplied by Gudrun Schwarz in his report entitled Sinti und Roma in den Nationalsozialistischen Konzentrationslagern. Ein allgemeiner Überblick (Sinti and Roma in the National Socialist concentration camps. General overview:)
Camp Deported Gypsies Date related to the deportation Auschwitz 20,943 1943-1944 Bergen-Belsen One transport from Mauthausen Spring 1943 Buchenwald 1,000 1938 ” 1,500 from Dachau Autumn 1939 ” 884 from Auschwitz 15 April 1944 ” 918 3 August 1944 Dachau 1,500, transferred to Buchenwald July 1936 Mittelbau-Dora 4,000-5,100 Flossenbürg 72 from Auschwitz 24 May 1944 ” A few hundred in the auxiliary camps Gross-Rosen Figure unknown Herzogenbusch-Vught 246 from Auschwitz 21 May 1944 Lublino-Majdanek One transport from Ravensbrück Mauthausen 250 1939-1941 ” 549 Present in the spring of 1945 ” 450 from Ravensbrück Spring of 1945 Natzweiler A few hundred from Auschwitz 9 November 1943 Neuengamme 100-200 January-June 1940 ” A few hundred in the auxiliary camps Ravensbrück 440 29 June 1939 ” 101 January-June 1940 ” 473 from Auschwitz 15 April 1944 ” 144 from Auschwitz 25 May 1944 ” A few hundred in the auxiliary camps Sachsenhausen 300 27 December 1944 ” A few hundred in the auxiliary camps Stutthof Figure unknown
The Gypsies deported to the concentration camps, considering the transfers from one camp to another, do not exceed more than 35,000 in number. We do not know how many of these died, apart from the (18,249 – 5,632 =) 12,617 from Auschwitz, minus the purported gassing victims.
8.2 “Extermination” camps
Let us now go on to the alleged extermination camps:
Camp Number of victims Chełmno ~ 5,000 gassing victims Sobibór figure unknown Treblinka figure unknown Auschwitz-Birkenau ~ 7,000 gassing victims
The presumed gassing of 5,000 Gypsies at Chełmno is not only documentarily unfounded, but also erroneous and numerically contradictory. It rests excusively on the – totally unreliable – testimony of a self-proclaimed escapee from the camp known only by his nickname: “Szlamek”.
In this regard, Anton Galiński writes:
“In the absence of documents, it is impossible to establish certain data on the definitive liquidation of the Gypsies in the Łódź camp [that is, the Łódź Gypsy camp]. The climax of their deportation to the extermination camp at Chełmno on the Ner fell in the period between 5 and 12 January 1942. This can be deduced from the invoices issued by the administration of the ghetto for the rental of trucks for the needs of the Gypsy camp. This is also confirmed by the jew “Szlamek”, an escapee from the Chełmno extermination centre.”
Even more explicitly, Janusz Gulczyński admits:
“This information on the subject of the Gypsies is found in the reports from escapees from the camp, for example: AŻIH [Archive of the Jewish Historical Institute of Warsaw], ring [Ringelblum Archive] I, no. 412 (Szlamek Report). This report was published in: R. Sakowska…”
The figure of 5,000 Gypsies is moreover erroneous since, of the 5,007 Gypsies deported to the Lodz ghetto, 213 died in the month of November 1941, 400 in the month of December and 29 in the days between 1 and 2 January 1942, so that no more than 4,365 Gypsies could have been deported to Chełmno. Finally, the figure in question is also contradictory, since “Szlamek” only mentions the killing of Gypsies, in the days between 8 and 9 January 1942, in which there are said to have been a total of 15 or 16 Gaswagen transports of 60 persons each, a total of 960 persons, so that he did not account for the fates of the remaining 3,405 Gypsies.
In conclusion, the “verified” victims of the presumed extermination camps are said to have amounted to approximately 12,000 people. Even if we add the 3,863 Gypsies who were shot, the approximate total of 118,500 presumed murder victims and the approximately 11,250 deaths at Auschwitz, the total number of victims would amount to approximately 145,600, well off the propagandistic official figure of 500,000 and still further from reality, since in this group the number of murder victims – 130,500 Gypsies – is documentarily unfounded and purely conjectural. The number of documentarily verified dead and murdered Gypsies is in fact (12,617 + 1,200 + 2,663 =) 16,480, excluding the deaths among the approximately (35,000 – 20,943 =) 14,047 internees in the concentration camps other than Auschwitz, which may amount to a few thousand more at most. In practical terms, 4% of the mythical figure of 500,000.
The presumed Holocaust of the Gypsies is, therefore, without historical foundation.
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Author: Aryan - "National Socialist" - Musician Aryan - "National Socialist" - Musician


renegadetribune--2020-04-27--William Walton: Viola Concerto

William Walton: Viola Concerto

I found this diamond in the rough while browsing the right wing retardation that is Gab .
I thought it @ @ @ @ @ .
William Walton was an “ English composer especially known for his orchestral music .
@ @ @ @ @ one of England ’ s most important composers between the time of Vaughan Williams and @ @ @ @ @ ”

I found this diamond in the rough while browsing the right wing retardation that is Gab. I thought it was interesting enough to share.
Conducted by Paul Neubauer, Performed by Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra
William Walton was an “English composer especially known for his orchestral music. His early work made him one of England’s most important composers between the time of Vaughan Williams and that of Benjamin Britten.”
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Author: Thanks for being a reader of this site. Your contributions make this all possible. You can send support to: Kyle Hunt, PO Box 1052, Sorrento FL 32776. Bitcoin address: 1AfppjYZddJzc2C15PXKMsnyBPjPJQezwA . CashApp: Thanks for being a reader of this site. Your contributions make this all possible. You can send support to: Kyle Hunt, PO Box 1052, Sorrento FL 32776. Bitcoin address: 1AfppjYZddJzc2C15PXKMsnyBPjPJQezwA . CashApp: https://cash.app/$thekylehunt


renegadetribune--2020-04-27--Outer Limits Episode ‘The Grid’ from 2000 – AI Mind Control via Cell Towers

I came across this episode from 2000 as it shows what appear to be 5G cell towers popping up all @ @ @ @ @ advanced AI controlling the populace through them .
The main character ’ s last name @ @ @ @ @ Space Odyssey , and also the real-life Robert Bowman , former Director of Advanced Space @ @ @ @ @ in life .

I came across this episode from 2000 as it shows what appear to be 5G cell towers popping up all over the place and an advanced AI controlling the populace through them. The main character’s last name is Bowman, like in Space Odyssey, and also the real-life Robert Bowman, former Director of Advanced Space Programs Development turned whistleblower later in life.
https://vimeo.com/405235819
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Author: Thanks for being a reader of this site. Your contributions make this all possible. You can send support to: Kyle Hunt, PO Box 1052, Sorrento FL 32776. Bitcoin address: 1AfppjYZddJzc2C15PXKMsnyBPjPJQezwA . CashApp: Thanks for being a reader of this site. Your contributions make this all possible. You can send support to: Kyle Hunt, PO Box 1052, Sorrento FL 32776. Bitcoin address: 1AfppjYZddJzc2C15PXKMsnyBPjPJQezwA . CashApp: https://cash.app/$thekylehunt


renegadetribune--2020-04-27--Here’s How Much Plastic You’re Eating Each Week

You ’ re likely already aware that global plastic pollution has reached an all-time high , but did you know you ’ re eating it , too ?
Research concludes that , on average , you ’ re consuming a credit card ’ s worth of plastic each week A study put out by the University of Newcastle , Australia , found that , on average , you ’ re consuming the equivalent of a credit card ’ s worth of microplastic — small plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in size — each week .
These microplastics pollute the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ consume , and are especially prevalent in the water you drink , according to this study and others like it .
[ i ] , [ ii ] Despite these concerns and the growing awareness of plastic pollution , plastic production has been on the rise since the 1960s , and researchers predict that 12,000 million metric tons of plastic will be in landfills or the environment by 2050 .
[ iii ] , [ iv ] The Impact of Microplastics in Humans and Animals Microplastics represent almost permanent contamination of global environments @ @ @ @ @ @ @ level .
[ v ] Bioaccumulation of microplastics has an especially adverse impact on marine environments , where microplastics coat the gills and digestive tracts of marine life , cause the unnatural and early death of many marine species , and may contribute to a loss of marine biodiversity .
[ vi ] , [ vii ] In humans , inhaled and ingested microplastics may cause particle toxicity by provoking an immune response , according to a study of microplastic accumulation in mice .
[ viii ] , [ ix ] Additional research @ @ @ @ @ @ @ be a source of bacterial pathogens .
[ x ] , [ xi ] Other suggested side effects of microplastic ingestion include gastrointestinal and microbiome disruption , oxidative stress and adverse neurodevelopmental performance effects .
[ xii ] , [ xiii ] Unfortunately , the data on the impact of microplastics on human health is still emerging .
While researchers theorize that microplastics may lodge in your airways and lungs , stimulate inflammation , pose as a chemical or physical irritant in your body , or affect the health of fetuses and young @ @ @ @ @ @ @ microplastics remain to be seen .
[ xiv ] As one study concluded : The study emphasized that the average amount of consumed microplastics varies depending on the age , geographic location , demographics and lifestyle choices of each individual .
There are many actionable ways to reduce plastic in your own food and water , including : • Avoid bottled water .
One study found that those who meet their daily recommended intake of water using only plastic water bottles may ingest an additional 9,000 microplastics annually , while individuals consuming only @ @ @ @ @ @ @ amount — around 4,000 microplastics .
[ xvi ] The study concluded that these amounts are likely underestimated .
• Don ’ t use plastic food storage containers .
Glass and steel are impermeable , easy to wash and use , preserve the taste of food , and are easy to recycle compared to plastic .
[ xvii ] • Don ’ t heat food in plastic .
A study conducted to determine the estrogenic effects of plastic food storage containers found that “ leaching of monomers and additives from a plastic item @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the product is exposed to common-use stresses such as ultraviolet ( UV ) radiation in sunlight , microwave radiation , and/or moist heat via boiling or dishwashing.
” [ xviii ] • Eat more raw or fresh produce .
Avoiding canned food and plastic wraps — in some older houses , researchers have found pollutants banned over 50 years ago .
[ xx ] Dusting and vacuuming or using an air purifier helps to reduce exposure to these toxins .
[ xxi ] • Opt for natural fabrics for your clothing .
Synthetic @ @ @ @ @ @ @ them can rinse the microplastics off of the garment .
The runoff eventually makes its way into the oceans , where microplastics are consumed by fish and shellfish .
[ xxii ] In fact , washing synthetic textiles may be the leading cause of microplastic pollution in marine environments .
[ xxiii ] Instead , choose clothing made from natural fibers like cotton .
• Air dry clothes .
Synthetic materials like acrylic , polyester and nylon shed plastic microfibers when they are dried in an electric dryer .
[ xxiv ] Air @ @ @ @ @ @ @ emissions of microplastics into the home environment .
• Avoid cosmetic products containing microbeads .
Microbeads are considered a primary microplastic and are prevalent in many facial and body washes , although some companies have voluntarily opted to stop using them .
These microbeads have been found in the digestive systems of fish and an estimated 8 billion microbeads are released into marine habitats daily , according to a 2015 report .
[ xxv ] , [ xxvi ] , [ xxvii ] • Be careful with seafood consumption .
Human plastic use @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of the fish and shellfish humans consume , putting those microplastics back into your body .
Limiting your consumption of seafood may help minimize exposure to these harmful toxins .
[ xxviii ] By following these tips , it ’ s possible to effectively reduce the amount of microplastic you ingest , but the problem of global plastic pollution persists — in fact , researchers estimate that global production of virgin plastic will quadruple by 2050 .
[ xxix ] Here are a few additional ways to reduce the global impact of plastics @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ] , [ xxxii ] • Reduce the use of plastics in your home and recycle properly .
Opting for food storage containers made from glass or steel , using reusable grocery bags and avoiding microbeads in cosmetic supplies and single-use plastics like straws are all easy ways to reduce your plastic consumption .
• Vote with your dollars .
Support companies that opt for eco-design in their packaging .
• Eat locally sourced food .
Eating local foods reduces the need for plastic food packaging , as well as fuel to transport @ @ @ @ @ @ @ favor of reducing plastics and plastic pollution .
Thanks to the continued work of researchers and scientists , studies like the one put out by the University of Newcastle , Australia , are renewing awareness to this global problem and its impact on the environment .
For more information and research studies regarding environmental pollutants , visit the GreenMedInfo.com dashboard .
[ i ] K. Senathirajah , T. Palanisami , University of Newcastle , How much microplastics are we ingesting ?
Estimation of the mass of microplastics ingested .
Report for WWF Singapore @ @ @

You’re likely already aware that global plastic pollution has reached an all-time high, but did you know you’re eating it, too? Research concludes that, on average, you’re consuming a credit card’s worth of plastic each week
A study put out by the University of Newcastle, Australia, found that, on average, you’re consuming the equivalent of a credit card’s worth of microplastic — small plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in size — each week. These microplastics pollute the air you breathe and the foods you consume, and are especially prevalent in the water you drink, according to this study and others like it.[i],[ii]
Despite these concerns and the growing awareness of plastic pollution, plastic production has been on the rise since the 1960s, and researchers predict that 12,000 million metric tons of plastic will be in landfills or the environment by 2050.[iii],[iv]
The Impact of Microplastics in Humans and Animals
Microplastics represent almost permanent contamination of global environments and threaten terrestrial ecosystems on a global level.[v] Bioaccumulation of microplastics has an especially adverse impact on marine environments, where microplastics coat the gills and digestive tracts of marine life, cause the unnatural and early death of many marine species, and may contribute to a loss of marine biodiversity.[vi],[vii]
In humans, inhaled and ingested microplastics may cause particle toxicity by provoking an immune response, according to a study of microplastic accumulation in mice.[viii],[ix] Additional research found that biofilms growing on microplastics may be a source of bacterial pathogens.[x],[xi]
Other suggested side effects of microplastic ingestion include gastrointestinal and microbiome disruption, oxidative stress and adverse neurodevelopmental performance effects.[xii],[xiii]
Unfortunately, the data on the impact of microplastics on human health is still emerging. While researchers theorize that microplastics may lodge in your airways and lungs, stimulate inflammation, pose as a chemical or physical irritant in your body, or affect the health of fetuses and young children, many of the effects of microplastics remain to be seen.[xiv] As one study concluded:
“Currently, there are more questions than answers. The scientific community must lead this debate. As we have seen with lead and other chemical pollutants, the consequences [of microplastics] can be far-reaching, widespread, and enduring.”[xv]
Minimizing Your Exposure to Microplastics
The study emphasized that the average amount of consumed microplastics varies depending on the age, geographic location, demographics and lifestyle choices of each individual. There are many actionable ways to reduce plastic in your own food and water, including:
Avoid bottled water. One study found that those who meet their daily recommended intake of water using only plastic water bottles may ingest an additional 9,000 microplastics annually, while individuals consuming only tap water consume less than half that amount — around 4,000 microplastics. [xvi] The study concluded that these amounts are likely underestimated.
One study found that those who meet their daily recommended intake of water using only plastic water bottles may ingest an additional 9,000 microplastics annually, while individuals consuming only tap water consume less than half that amount — around 4,000 microplastics. The study concluded that these amounts are likely underestimated. Don’t use plastic food storage containers . Glass and steel are impermeable, easy to wash and use, preserve the taste of food, and are easy to recycle compared to plastic. [xvii]
. Glass and steel are impermeable, easy to wash and use, preserve the taste of food, and are easy to recycle compared to plastic. Don’t heat food in plastic. A study conducted to determine the estrogenic effects of plastic food storage containers found that “leaching of monomers and additives from a plastic item into its contents is often accelerated if the product is exposed to common-use stresses such as ultraviolet (UV) radiation in sunlight, microwave radiation, and/or moist heat via boiling or dishwashing.” [xviii]
A study conducted to determine the estrogenic effects of plastic food storage containers found that “leaching of monomers and additives from a plastic item into its contents is often accelerated if the product is exposed to common-use stresses such as ultraviolet (UV) radiation in sunlight, microwave radiation, and/or moist heat via boiling or dishwashing.” Eat more raw or fresh produce . Avoiding canned food and plastic wraps — in some older houses, researchers have found pollutants banned over 50 years ago. [xx] Dusting and vacuuming or using an air purifier helps to reduce exposure to these toxins. [xxi]
. Avoiding canned food and plastic wraps — in some older houses, researchers have found pollutants banned over 50 years ago. Dusting and vacuuming or using an air purifier helps to reduce exposure to these toxins. Opt for natural fabrics for your clothing. Synthetic textiles are full of plastic and washing them can rinse the microplastics off of the garment. The runoff eventually makes its way into the oceans, where microplastics are consumed by fish and shellfish.[xxii]
In fact, washing synthetic textiles may be the leading cause of microplastic pollution in marine environments.[xxiii] Instead, choose clothing made from natural fibers like cotton.
Air dry clothes. Synthetic materials like acrylic, polyester and nylon shed plastic microfibers when they are dried in an electric dryer. [xxiv] Air drying these materials will help to reduce emissions of microplastics into the home environment.
Synthetic materials like acrylic, polyester and nylon shed plastic microfibers when they are dried in an electric dryer. Air drying these materials will help to reduce emissions of microplastics into the home environment. Avoid cosmetic products containing microbeads. Microbeads are considered a primary microplastic and are prevalent in many facial and body washes, although some companies have voluntarily opted to stop using them.
These microbeads have been found in the digestive systems of fish and an estimated 8 billion microbeads are released into marine habitats daily, according to a 2015 report.[xxv],[xxvi],[xxvii]
Be careful with seafood consumption. Human plastic use has leached microplastics into the marine environment of the fish and shellfish humans consume, putting those microplastics back into your body. Limiting your consumption of seafood may help minimize exposure to these harmful toxins.[xxviii]
By following these tips, it’s possible to effectively reduce the amount of microplastic you ingest, but the problem of global plastic pollution persists — in fact, researchers estimate that global production of virgin plastic will quadruple by 2050.[xxix] Here are a few additional ways to reduce the global impact of plastics:[xxx],[xxxi],[xxxii]
Reduce the use of plastics in your home and recycle properly . Opting for food storage containers made from glass or steel, using reusable grocery bags and avoiding microbeads in cosmetic supplies and single-use plastics like straws are all easy ways to reduce your plastic consumption.
. Opting for food storage containers made from glass or steel, using reusable grocery bags and avoiding microbeads in cosmetic supplies and single-use plastics like straws are all easy ways to reduce your plastic consumption. Vote with your dollars. Support companies that opt for eco-design in their packaging.
Support companies that opt for eco-design in their packaging. Eat locally sourced food. Eating local foods reduces the need for plastic food packaging, as well as fuel to transport these goods.
Eating local foods reduces the need for plastic food packaging, as well as fuel to transport these goods. Support legislature in favor of reducing plastics and plastic pollution.
Thanks to the continued work of researchers and scientists, studies like the one put out by the University of Newcastle, Australia, are renewing awareness to this global problem and its impact on the environment. For more information and research studies regarding environmental pollutants, visit the GreenMedInfo.com dashboard.
References
[i] K. Senathirajah, T. Palanisami, University of Newcastle, How much microplastics are we ingesting? Estimation of the mass of microplastics ingested. Report for WWF Singapore, May 2019
[ii] Environ Sci Technol. 2019 Jun 18;53(12):7068-7074. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01517. Epub 2019 Jun 5.
[iii] Curr Environ Health Rep. 2018; 5(3): 375-386.
[iv] Sci Adv. 2017 Jul; 3(7): e1700782.
[v] Glob Chang Biol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2019 Apr 1.
[vi] J Med Toxicol. 2018 Jun; 14(2): 117-119.
[vii] Environ Int. 2017 May;102:165-176. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.02.013. Epub 2017 Mar 9.
[viii] Sci Rep. 2017 Apr 24;7:46687. doi: 10.1038/srep46687.
[ix] Environ Sci Technol. 2017 Jun 20;51(12):6634-6647. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.7b00423. Epub 2017 Jun 7.
[x] Water Res. 2019 May 15; 155: 410-422.
[xi] Mar Pollut Bull. 2011 Jan;62(1):197-200. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.10.013. Epub 2010 Nov 19.
[xii] Environ Sci Technol. 2015 Aug 4;49(15):8932-47. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01090. Epub 2015 Jul 15.
[xiii] Environ Sci Technol. 2015 Aug 4;49(15):8932-47. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01090. Epub 2015 Jul 15.
[xiv] J Med Toxicol. 2018 Jun; 14(2): 117-119.
[xv] J Med Toxicol. 2018 Jun; 14(2): 117-119.
[xvi] Environ Sci Technol. 2019 Jun 18;53(12):7068-7074. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01517. Epub 2019 Jun 5.
[xvii] Environ Health Perspect. 2012 Jun; 120(6): a232-a237.
[xviii] Environ Health Perspect. 2011 Jul 1; 119(7): 989-996.
[xix] Environ Health Perspect. 2011 Jul;119(7):914-20. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1003170. Epub 2011 Mar 30.
[xx] ACS Cent Sci. 2017 Jan 25; 3(1): 5-9.
[xxi] ACS Cent Sci. 2017 Jan 25; 3(1): 5-9.
[xxii] Environ Sci Technol. 2016 Nov 1;50(21):11532-11538. Epub 2016 Oct 13.
[xxiii] Sci Rep. 2019; 9: 6633.
[xxiv] Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018; 25(2): 1191-1199.
[xxv] Environ Sci Technol. 2015 Sep 15;49(18):10759-61. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.5b03909. Epub 2015 Sep 3.
[xxvi] Curr Environ Health Rep. 2018; 5(3): 375-386.
[xxvii] Sci Rep. 2016; 6: 34351.
[xxviii] Curr Environ Health Rep. 2018; 5(3): 375-386.
[xxix] Mar Pollut Bull. 2019 Feb;139:105-110. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.12.004. Epub 2018 Dec 21.
[xxx] Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Jul; 16(13): 2411.
[xxxi] Nat Commun. 2019; 10: 4582.
[xxxii] Sci Prog. 2018 Sep 1;101(3):207-260. doi: 10.3184/003685018X15294876706211. Epub 2018 Jul 19.


renegadetribune--2020-04-27--National Guard Deployed At Nation’s Food Banks To Ensure Stability During Unprecedented Times

There is increasing evidence on social media that the National Guard has been deployed to the nation ’ s food banks to ensure food supply chain networks are not severed , and shortages do not materialize .
This comes at a challenging period for the country , one where 26.5 million people have filed for unemployment benefits in five weeks as the economy crashes into depression .
We have documented the unprecedented volume of Americans flooding food banks across the country in the last four weeks as a hunger crisis develops .
Now it appears National Guard troops have been @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to make sure logistical pipelines of food to these facilities can continue dishing out care packages to the working poor .
And why would the Pentagon , likely instructed by the Trump administration , deploy military assets to food banks ?
Because food shortages are already starting to develop as facilities are overwhelmed with hungry people .
The deployment of military assets to these facilities is a reflection of where the government believes the most vulnerable parts of instabilities reside at the moment .
Just imagine if some of these places ran out @ @ @ @ @ @ @ lines were told to go home empty-handed .
That would leave many in an untenable hangry state where social instabilities could be seen .
So , without further ado , here is the military deployed at the nation ’ s food banks :

By Tyler Durden
There is increasing evidence on social media that the National Guard has been deployed to the nation’s food banks to ensure food supply chain networks are not severed, and shortages do not materialize.
This comes at a challenging period for the country, one where 26.5 million people have filed for unemployment benefits in five weeks as the economy crashes into depression.
We have documented the unprecedented volume of Americans flooding food banks across the country in the last four weeks as a hunger crisis develops.
Now it appears National Guard troops have been deployed to food banks in many states to make sure logistical pipelines of food to these facilities can continue dishing out care packages to the working poor.
And why would the Pentagon, likely instructed by the Trump administration, deploy military assets to food banks? Because food shortages are already starting to develop as facilities are overwhelmed with hungry people.
The deployment of military assets to these facilities is a reflection of where the government believes the most vulnerable parts of instabilities reside at the moment. Just imagine if some of these places ran out of food, and people in mile-long lines were told to go home empty-handed. That would leave many in an untenable hangry state where social instabilities could be seen.
So, without further ado, here is the military deployed at the nation’s food banks:
Yesterday, Texas Army National Guard Soldiers supported local food bank efforts in Coldspring, Texas, serving over 2,000 families. We are #InThisTogether.#COVID19NationalGuard pic.twitter.com/WHcn567ww1 — Texas Military Dept. (@TXMilitary) April 25, 2020
U.S. Army National Guard Soldiers with Joint Task Force 59, #SCGuard, assist the Harvest Hope Food Bank in Columbia, April 22, with loading food for people in need (📽: Sgt. Tim Andrews) #NationalGuard #Covid_19 #InThisTogether pic.twitter.com/VZltT2G0ds — SC National Guard (@SCNationalGuard) April 24, 2020
4/8 The National Guard brought 5 truckloads of food to The Salvation Army for The Shared Harvest Food Bank but no forklift. Off.Lusk called Denny Lumber & was able to get one lined up and escorted it.Denny Lumber saved the day! #InThisTogetherOhio pic.twitter.com/b3pLvJT9DK — Middletown Division of Police (@MPDOhio) April 23, 2020
Always Ready, Always There! @AZNationalGuard deliver food & supplies for Navajo Nation residents April 17, 2020, at a local food bank in Black Mesa, Arizona.#InThisTogether #ArmyCOVID19Fight 📷: by Tech. Sgt. Michael Matkin pic.twitter.com/pZJf8MP6Bg — U.S. Army (@USArmy) April 26, 2020
https://twitter.com/TomDots82816889/status/1254102280443486209?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw
The #NBFoodBank would like to thank the 840th Army National Guard for helping us this week. They have been a tremendous help in our fight against hunger during the #Covid19 crisis.https://t.co/pJozzfPk4E pic.twitter.com/5Rnsw4QDso — New Braunfels Food Bank (@nbtxfoodbank) April 24, 2020
Members of the Arizona National Guard delivered supplies from a local food bank to Navajo Nation as part of the COVID-19 relief effort. The Navajo Nation has been hit harder by the coronavirus than any other Native American tribe. https://t.co/oFfBMVo8aQ pic.twitter.com/84VYXT94RR — ABC News (@ABC) April 21, 2020
Oklahoma National Guard members help Regional Food Bank pack food for those in need https://t.co/M1B0VN7LMt — koconews (@koconews) April 23, 2020
Spotted online: 'Your WA National Guard helping communities in their time of need. Visited Lakewood Warehouse of Nourish Pierce County & Eloise's Cooking Pot Food Bank. Proud of my Soldiers & Airmen of Task Force Olympic!' Donate to Steve's campaign @ https://t.co/oPrydYvSu7 pic.twitter.com/Iny4dcH7Xb — Steve Hobbs (@electhobbs) April 19, 2020
Also, the food bank’s president told me 390 members of the National Guard arrived this week to help out. #KPRC2 pic.twitter.com/85xTr8ucHE — Michael Lopardi (@KPRC2Michael) April 25, 2020
The National Guard joined us in Forest today with donated food from the West Ohio Food Bank! They helped us pass out boxes of food to some of our families. Boxes included fresh fruit, eggs, cereal, and other essentials. We would like to thank them for their service. #falconpride pic.twitter.com/8cZjzrtTAA — Riverdale Local Schools (@riverdale_local) April 23, 2020
https://twitter.com/General56961211/status/1252587878951116801?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw
Seguin, Texas – San Antonio Food Bank and the National Guard help distribute food. People started lining up since 6 a.m. pic.twitter.com/7IwYGIEM8F — Eleazar (@EleazarRodiles) April 23, 2020
Source: ZeroHedge
Top image: Military.com
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Author: Thanks for being a reader of this site. Your contributions make this all possible. You can send support to: Kyle Hunt, PO Box 1052, Sorrento FL 32776. Bitcoin address: 1AfppjYZddJzc2C15PXKMsnyBPjPJQezwA . CashApp: Thanks for being a reader of this site. Your contributions make this all possible. You can send support to: Kyle Hunt, PO Box 1052, Sorrento FL 32776. Bitcoin address: 1AfppjYZddJzc2C15PXKMsnyBPjPJQezwA . CashApp: https://cash.app/$thekylehunt