renegadetribune--2020-01-23--Stories of The Dwarves

Stories of The Dwarves

By Thomas Keightley From The Fairy Mythology : Illustrative of the Romance and Superstition of Various Countries [ 1870 ] THESE diminutive beings , dwelling in rocks and hills , and distinguished for their skill in metallurgy , seem to be peculiar to the Gotho-German mythology .
[ a ] Perhaps the most probable account of them is , that they are personifications of the subterraneous powers of nature ; for it may be again observed , that all the parts of every ancient mythology are but personified powers , attributes , and moral qualities .
The Edda thus describes @ @ @ @ @ @ @ gods sat on their seats , and held a council , and called to mind how the Duergar had become animated in the clay below in the earth , like maggots in flesh .
The Duergar had been first created , and had taken life in Ymir ’ s [ b ] flesh , and were maggots in it , and by the will of the gods ‘ they became partakers of human knowledge , and had the likeness of men , and yet they abode in the ground and in stones .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ and then Dyrin.
” The Duergar are described as being of low stature , with short legs and long arms , reaching almost down to the ground when they stand erect .
[ c ] They are skilful and expert workmen in gold , silver , iron , and the other metals .
They form many wonderful and extraordinary things for the Aeser , and for mortal heroes , and the arms and armour that come from their forges are not to be paralleled .
Yet the gift must be spontaneously bestowed , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ by violence [ d ] In illustration of their character we bring forward the following narratives from the Edda and Sagas .
The homely garb in which they are habited , will not , it is hoped , be displeasing to readers of taste .
We give as exact & copy as we are able of the originals in all their rudeness .
The tales are old , their date unknown , and they therefore demand respect .
Yet it is difficult to suppress a smile at finding such familiar , nay almost @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the great supernal powers of nature , as occur in the following tale from the Edda .
[ a ] some think , but with little reason , they were originally a part of the Finnish mythology , and were adopted into the Gothic system [ b ] the giant Ynsir is a personification of Chaos , the undigested primal matter .
The sons of Börr ( other personifications ) slew him .
Out of him they formed the world ; his blood made the sea , his flesh the land ; his @ @ @ @ @ @ @ were his teeth , jaws , and broken pieces of bones ; his skull formed the heavens .
[ d ] that they are not insensible to kindness one of the succeeding tales will show .
[ e ] the habitual reader of the northern and German writers , or even our old English ones , will observe with surprise his gradually diminished contempt for many expressions now become vulgar .
He will find himself imperceptibly falling into the habit of regarding thorns in the light of their pristine-dignity .
LOKI the son @ @ @ @ @ @ @ cut off all the hair of Sif .
When Thor found this out he seized Loki , and would have broken every bone in his body , only that he swore to get the Suartalfar to make for Sif hair of gold , which would grow like any other hair .
Loki then went to the Dwarfs that are called the sons of Ivallda .
They first made the hair , which as soon as it was put on the head grew like natural hair ; then the ship Skidbladni , [ a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ it , wherever it would sail ; and , thirdly , the spear Gugner , which always hit in battle .
Then Loki laid his head against the dwarf Brock , that his brother Eitri could not forge three such valuable things as these were .
They went to the forge ; Eitri set the swine .
skin ( bellows ) to the fire , and bid his brother Brock to blow , and not to quit the fire till he should have taken out the things he had put into it .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ the forge , and that Brock was blowing , there came a fly and settled upon his hand , and bit him ; but he blew without stopping till the smith took the work out of the fire ; and it was a boar , and its bristles were of gold .
He then put gold into the fire , and bid him not to stop blowing till be came back .
He went away , and then the fly came and settled on his neck , and bit him more severely than @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the smith came back and took out of the fire the gold-ring which is called Drupner .
[ b ] Then he put iron into the fire , and bid him blow , and said that if he stopped blowing all the work would be lost .
The fly now settled between his eyes , and bit so hard that the blood ran into his eyes , so that he could not see ; so when the bellows were down be caught at the fly in all haste , and tore off its @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , and said that all that was in the fire had nearly been spoiled .
He then took out of the fire the hammer Miölner , [ c ] gave all the things to his brother Brock , and bade him go with them to Asgard and settle the wager .
Loki also produced his jewels , and they took Odin , Thor , and Frey , for judges .
Then Loki gave to Odin the spear Gugner , and to Thor the hair that Sif was to have , and to Frey @ @ @ @ @ @ @ they have been already related .
Brock took out his jewels , and gave to Odin the ring , and said that every ninth night there would drop from it eight other rings as valuable as itself .
To Frey he gave the boar , and said that he would run through air and water , by night and by day , better than any horse , and that never was there night so dark that the way by which he went would not be light from his hide .
He gave the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ it would never fail to hit a Troll , and that at whatever he threw it it would never miss it ; and that he could never fling it so far that it would not of itself return to his band ; and when he chose , it would become so small that he might put it into his pocket .
But the fault of the hammer was that its handle was too short .
Their judgment was , that the hammer was the best , and that the Dwarf had won the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to lose his head , but the Dwarf said that could not be .
“ Catch me then , ” said Loki ; and when he went to catch him he was far away , for Loki had shoes with which he could run through air and water .
Then the Dwarf prayed Thor to catch him , and Thor did so .
The Dwarf now went to cut off his head , but Loki said he was to have the head only , and not the neck .
Then the Dwarf took @ @ @ @ @ @ @ went to sew up his mouth ; but the knife was bad , so the Dwarf wished that his brother ’ s awl were there ; and as soon as he wished itit was there , and he sewed his lips together .
[ d ] Northern mythologists thus explain this very ancient fable .
Sif is the earth , and the wife of Thor , the heaven or atmosphere ; her hair is the trees , bushes , and plants , that adorn the surface of the earth .
Loki is the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ bene servit , male imperat .
When by immoderate heat he has burned off the hair of Sif , her husband compels him so by temperate heat to warm the moisture of the earth , that its former products may spring up more beautiful than ever .
The boar is given to Freyr , to whom and his sister Freya , as the gods of animal and vegetable fecundity , the northern people offered that animal , as the Italian people did , to the earth .
Loki ’ s bringing the gifts @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a belief that metals were prepared by subterranean fire , and perhaps the forging of Thor ’ s hammer , the mythic emblem of thunder , by a terrestrial demon , on a subterranean anvil , may suggest that the natural cause of thunder is to be sought in the earth .
[ a ] Skidbladni , like Pari Banou ’ s tent , could expand and contract as required .
It would carry all the Aeser and their arms , and when not in use it could be taken asunder and put @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ship , ” says Ganglar , ” is Skidbladni , but great art must have been employed in making it.
” Mythologists say it is the clouds .
[ c ] i. E. The Bruiser or Crusher , from Myla , to bruise or crush .
Little the Fancy know of the high connexions of their phrase Mill .
WHEN spring came , Thorston made ready his ship , and put twenty-four men on board of her .
When they came to Vinland , they ran her into a harbour , and every @ @ @ @ @ @ @ himself .
He came one day to an open part of the wood , where he saw a great rock , and out a little way from it a Dwarf , who was horridly ugly , and was looking up over his head with his mouth wide open ; and it appeared to Thorston that it ran from ear to ear , and that the lower jaw came down to his knees .
Thorston asked him , why he was acting so foolishly .
“ Do not be surprised , my good lad @ @ @ @ @ @ @ do you not see that great dragon that is flying up there ?
He has taken off my son , and I believe that it is Odin himself that has sent the monster to do it .
But I shall burst and die if I lose my son.
” Then Thorston shot at the dragon , and bit him under one of the wings , so that he fell dead to the earth ; but Thorston caught the Dwarf ’ s child in the air , and brought him to his father .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ was more rejoiced than any one could tell ; and he said , “ A great benefit have I to reward you for , who are the deliverer of my son ; and now choose your recompense in gold and silver.
’ “ Cure your son ; ” said Thorston , “ but I am not used to take rewards for my services.
” “ It were not becoming , ” said the Dwarf , “ if I did not reward you ; and let not my shirt of sheeps ’ -wool , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a contemptible gift , for you will never be tired when swimming , or get a wound , if you wear it next your skin.
” Thorston took the shirt and put it on , and it fitted him well , though it had appeared too short for the Dwarf .
The Dwarf now took a gold ring out of his purse and gave it to Thorston , and bid him to take good care of it , telling him that he never should want for money while be kept that ring .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ gave it to Thorston , and said , “ If you hide this stone in the palm of your hand no one will see you .
I have not many more things to offer you , or that would be of any value to you ; I will , however , give you a fire-stone for your amusement.
” He then took the stone out of his purse , and with a steel point .
The stone was triangular , white on one side and red on the other , and a yellow @ @ @ @ @ @ @ then said , “ If you prick the stone with the point in the white side , there will come on such a hail-storm that no one will be able to look at it ; but if you want to stop this shower , you have only to prick on the yellow part , and there will come so much sunshine that the whole will melt away .
But if you should like to prick the red side , then there will come out of it such fire , with sparks and crackling @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to look at it , You may also get whatever you will by means of this point and stone , and they will come of themselves back to your band when you call them .
I can now give you no more such gifts.
” Thorston then thanked the Dwarf for his presents , and returned to his men , and it was better for him to have made this voyage than to have stayed at home .
[ Thorston ’ s Saga , c. 3 , in the Kampa Däter . ]

By Thomas Keightley
From The Fairy Mythology: Illustrative of the Romance and Superstition of Various Countries [1870]
THE DUERGAR
By ek fur jőrth nethan,
A ek, undir stein, stath.
Alvis–Mal.
(I dwell the earth beneath,
I possess, under the stone, my seat.)
THESE diminutive beings, dwelling in rocks and hills, and distinguished for their skill in metallurgy, seem to be peculiar to the Gotho-German mythology. [a] Perhaps the most probable account of them is, that they are personifications of the subterraneous powers of nature; for it may be again observed, that all the parts of every ancient mythology are but personified powers, attributes, and moral qualities. The Edda thus describes their origin:-
“Then the gods sat on their seats, and held a council, and called to mind how the Duergar had become animated in the clay below in the earth, like maggots in flesh. The Duergar had been first created, and had taken life in Ymir’s [b] flesh, and were maggots in it, and by the will of the gods ‘they became partakers of human knowledge, and had the likeness of men, and yet they abode in the ground and in stones. Modsogner was the first of them, and then Dyrin.”
The Duergar are described as being of low stature, with short legs and long arms, reaching almost down to the ground when they stand erect. [c] They are skilful and expert workmen in gold, silver, iron, and the other metals. They form many wonderful and extraordinary things for the Aeser, and for mortal heroes, and the arms and armour that come from their forges are not to be paralleled. Yet the gift must be spontaneously bestowed, for misfortune attends those extorted from them by violence [d]
In illustration of their character we bring forward the following narratives from the Edda and Sagas. The homely garb in which they are habited, will not, it is hoped, be displeasing to readers of taste. We give as exact & copy as we are able of the originals in all their rudeness. The tales are old, their date unknown, and they therefore demand respect. Yet it is difficult to suppress a smile at finding such familiar, nay almost vulgar terms [e] applied to the great supernal powers of nature, as occur in the following tale from the Edda.
[a] some think, but with little reason, they were originally a part of the Finnish mythology, and were adopted into the Gothic system
[b] the giant Ynsir is a personification of Chaos, the undigested primal matter. The sons of Börr (other personifications) slew him. Out of him they formed the world; his blood made the sea, his flesh the land; his bones the mountains; rocks and cliffs were his teeth, jaws, and broken pieces of bones; his skull formed the heavens.
[c] Gudmund Andreas in notis ad Völsupá.
[d] that they are not insensible to kindness one of the succeeding tales will show.
[e] the habitual reader of the northern and German writers, or even our old English ones, will observe with surprise his gradually diminished contempt for many expressions now become vulgar. He will find himself imperceptibly falling into the habit of regarding thorns in the light of their pristine-dignity.
LOKI AND THE DWARF
LOKI the son of Laufeiar, had out of mischief cut off all the hair of Sif. When Thor found this out he seized Loki, and would have broken every bone in his body, only that he swore to get the Suartalfar to make for Sif hair of gold, which would grow like any other hair.
Loki then went to the Dwarfs that are called the sons of Ivallda. They first made the hair, which as soon as it was put on the head grew like natural hair; then the ship Skidbladni, [a] which always had the wind with it, wherever it would sail; and, thirdly, the spear Gugner, which always hit in battle.
Then Loki laid his head against the dwarf Brock, that his brother Eitri could not forge three such valuable things as these were. They went to the forge; Eitri set the swine. skin (bellows) to the fire, and bid his brother Brock to blow, and not to quit the fire till he should have taken out the things he had put into it.
And when he was gone out of the forge, and that Brock was blowing, there came a fly and settled upon his hand, and bit him; but he blew without stopping till the smith took the work out of the fire; and it was a boar, and its bristles were of gold.
He then put gold into the fire, and bid him not to stop blowing till be came back. He went away, and then the fly came and settled on his neck, and bit him more severely than before; but he blew on till the smith came back and took out of the fire the gold-ring which is called Drupner. [b]
Then he put iron into the fire, and bid him blow, and said that if he stopped blowing all the work would be lost. The fly now settled between his eyes, and bit so hard that the blood ran into his eyes, so that he could not see; so when the bellows were down be caught at the fly in all haste, and tore off its wings; but then came the smith, and said that all that was in the fire had nearly been spoiled. He then took out of the fire the hammer Miölner, [c] gave all the things to his brother Brock, and bade him go with them to Asgard and settle the wager.
Loki also produced his jewels, and they took Odin, Thor, and Frey, for judges. Then Loki gave to Odin the spear Gugner, and to Thor the hair that Sif was to have, and to Frey Skidbladni, and told their virtues as they have been already related. Brock took out his jewels, and gave to Odin the ring, and said that every ninth night there would drop from it eight other rings as valuable as itself. To Frey he gave the boar, and said that he would run through air and water, by night and by day, better than any horse, and that never was there night so dark that the way by which he went would not be light from his hide. He gave the hammer to Thor, and said that it would never fail to hit a Troll, and that at whatever he threw it it would never miss it; and that he could never fling it so far that it would not of itself return to his band; and when he chose, it would become so small that he might put it into his pocket. But the fault of the hammer was that its handle was too short.
Their judgment was, that the hammer was the best, and that the Dwarf had won the wager. Then Loki prayed hard not to lose his head, but the Dwarf said that could not be. “Catch me then,” said Loki; and when he went to catch him he was far away, for Loki had shoes with which he could run through air and water. Then the Dwarf prayed Thor to catch him, and Thor did so. The Dwarf now went to cut off his head, but Loki said he was to have the head only, and not the neck. Then the Dwarf took a knife and a thong, and went to sew up his mouth; but the knife was bad, so the Dwarf wished that his brother’s awl were there; and as soon as he wished itit was there, and he sewed his lips together. [d]
Northern mythologists thus explain this very ancient fable. Sif is the earth, and the wife of Thor, the heaven or atmosphere; her hair is the trees, bushes, and plants, that adorn the surface of the earth. Loki is the Fire-God, that delights in mischief, bene servit, male imperat. When by immoderate heat he has burned off the hair of Sif, her husband compels him so by temperate heat to warm the moisture of the earth, that its former products may spring up more beautiful than ever. The boar is given to Freyr, to whom and his sister Freya, as the gods of animal and vegetable fecundity, the northern people offered that animal, as the Italian people did, to the earth. Loki’s bringing the gifts from the under-ground people seems to indicate a belief that metals were prepared by subterranean fire, and perhaps the forging of Thor’s hammer, the mythic emblem of thunder, by a terrestrial demon, on a subterranean anvil, may suggest that the natural cause of thunder is to be sought in the earth.
[a] Skidbladni, like Pari Banou’s tent, could expand and contract as required. It would carry all the Aeser and their arms, and when not in use it could be taken asunder and put in a purse. “A good ship,” says Ganglar, ” is Skidbladni, but great art must have been employed in making it.” Mythologists say it is the clouds.
[b] i. e. The Dripper.
[c] i. E. The Bruiser or Crusher, from Myla, to bruise or crush. Little the Fancy know of the high connexions of their phrase Mill.
[d] Edda Resenii, Daemisaga 59.
THORSTON AND THE DWARF
WHEN spring came, Thorston made ready his ship, and put twenty-four men on board of her. When they came to Vinland, they ran her into a harbour, and every day he went on shore to amuse himself.
He came one day to an open part of the wood, where he saw a great rock, and out a little way from it a Dwarf, who was horridly ugly, and was looking up over his head with his mouth wide open; and it appeared to Thorston that it ran from ear to ear, and that the lower jaw came down to his knees. Thorston asked him, why he was acting so foolishly. “Do not be surprised, my good lad,” replied the Dwarf; “do you not see that great dragon that is flying up there? He has taken off my son, and I believe that it is Odin himself that has sent the monster to do it. But I shall burst and die if I lose my son.” Then Thorston shot at the dragon, and bit him under one of the wings, so that he fell dead to the earth; but Thorston caught the Dwarf’s child in the air, and brought him to his father.
The Dwarf was exceeding glad, and was more rejoiced than any one could tell; and he said, “A great benefit have I to reward you for, who are the deliverer of my son; and now choose your recompense in gold and silver.’ “Cure your son;” said Thorston, “but I am not used to take rewards for my services.” “It were not becoming,” said the Dwarf, “if I did not reward you; and let not my shirt of sheeps’ -wool, which I will give you, appear a contemptible gift, for you will never be tired when swimming, or get a wound, if you wear it next your skin.”
Thorston took the shirt and put it on, and it fitted him well, though it had appeared too short for the Dwarf. The Dwarf now took a gold ring out of his purse and gave it to Thorston, and bid him to take good care of it, telling him that he never should want for money while be kept that ring. He next took a black stone and gave it to Thorston, and said, “If you hide this stone in the palm of your hand no one will see you. I have not many more things to offer you, or that would be of any value to you; I will, however, give you a fire-stone for your amusement.”
He then took the stone out of his purse, and with a steel point. The stone was triangular, white on one side and red on the other, and a yellow border ran round it. The Dwarf then said, “If you prick the stone with the point in the white side, there will come on such a hail-storm that no one will be able to look at it; but if you want to stop this shower, you have only to prick on the yellow part, and there will come so much sunshine that the whole will melt away. But if you should like to prick the red side, then there will come out of it such fire, with sparks and crackling, that no one will be able to look at it, You may also get whatever you will by means of this point and stone, and they will come of themselves back to your band when you call them. I can now give you no more such gifts.”
Thorston then thanked the Dwarf for his presents, and returned to his men, and it was better for him to have made this voyage than to have stayed at home.
[Thorston’s Saga, c. 3, in the Kampa Däter.]
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renegadetribune--2020-01-23--Ali Abunimah: Israeli versus Russian Media Influence

Ali Abunimah is a journalist and the co-founder and executive director of the widely acclaimed publication The Electronic Intifada , @ @ @ @ @ publication focusing on Palestine .
Here he discusses how the narrative of Russian meddling in @ @ @ @ @ to Israel actually buying the election through people like Sheldon Adelson .

Ali Abunimah is a journalist and the co-founder and executive director of the widely acclaimed publication The Electronic Intifada, a nonprofit, independent online publication focusing on Palestine. Here he discusses how the narrative of Russian meddling in elections is absurd when compared to Israel actually buying the election through people like Sheldon Adelson.
Share now!
Author: Thanks for being a reader of this site. Your contributions make this all possible. You can send support to: Kyle Hunt, PO Box 1052, Sorrento FL 32776. Bitcoin address: 1AfppjYZddJzc2C15PXKMsnyBPjPJQezwA . CashApp: Thanks for being a reader of this site. Your contributions make this all possible. You can send support to: Kyle Hunt, PO Box 1052, Sorrento FL 32776. Bitcoin address: 1AfppjYZddJzc2C15PXKMsnyBPjPJQezwA . CashApp: https://cash.app/$thekylehunt


renegadetribune--2020-01-23--Six Italian Courts Have Ruled that Cell Phones Cause Brain Tumors

On January 13 , 2020 , Turin ’ s Court of Appeals confirmed a 2017 decision determining that a former Telecom Italia worker ’ s acoustic neuroma ( a benign tumor in the ear ) was caused by his mobile phone use .
This is the sixth time that an Italian court has affirmed a causal link between cell phone use and brain tumors , including decisions by the High Court of Italy .
The Appellate court reached its decision after a review of the evidence and after receiving the opinion of two court-appointed experts .
The experts referred the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ speak on their phones for an average of 30 minutes a day for at least 10 years increase their risk of developing head tumors .
After considering this evidence , the Appellate court in Turin stated , “ There are solid elements to affirm a causal role between the exposure of the person to radiofrequencies from mobile phones and the disease that arose.
” Crucially , the Turin court stated that the studies provided by the defense—which denied a causal link—were mostly industry-funded and , therefore , should be given less weight because @ @ @ @ @ @ @ members of the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection ( ICNIRP ) and the European Commission ’ s Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks ( SCHENIHR ) also suffer from conflicts of interest , according to the Turin court , because these organizations likewise receive funding from industry .
The World Health Organization ’ s ( WHO ’ s ) International EMF Project and many countries around the world have adopted the industry-funded ICNIRP ’ s recommendations as their safety guidelines .
Thus , these statements by the court—calling out @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of interest—are extremely significant .
Acoustic neuromas are tumors that develop on the main nerve leading from the inner ear to the brain .
This nerve influences balance and hearing .
Pressure from an acoustic neuroma can cause hearing loss , ringing in the ear and unsteadiness , occasionally also interfering with brain functioning .
Acoustic neuroma is also known as “ vestibular schwannoma ” because it develops on the Schwann cells covering the nerve .
Of note , the U.S. government ’ s $ 25 million National Toxicology Program cell phone study @ @ @ @ @ @ @ caused schwannoma-type tumors .
Newsweek mistakenly reported the Ivrea case as the first Italian ruling linking cell phones and acoustic neuromas , but it was in fact the second .
The first ruling , made by a court in Brescia on December 10 , 2009 and affirmed by the High Court of Italy in 2012 , granted worker ’ s compensation to an industrial plant ’ s financial manager , Mr. Marcolini , who developed a tumor after using cell and cordless phones for five to six hours a day for 12 years @ @ @ @ @ @ @ benign tumor on the trigeminal nerve , which controls facial muscles and sensations .
As in Turin , the Brescia court ignored industry-funded studies—declaring them to be biased—and instead relied on the expert opinion of Swedish professor Lennart Hardell , an oncology specialist and cancer epidemiologist with “ a focused interest in environmental risk factors for cancer.
” The next ( third ) ruling to link cell phone use and acute nerve disease was made by a Florence court in April 2017 .
The Florence court ordered INAIL to compensate a salesperson who @ @ @ @ @ @ @ phone for two to three hours a day on the job for 10 years .
On January 30 , 2019 , an Italian court in the city of Monza ruled that exposure to cell phone radiation caused an airport employee ’ s acoustic neuroma brain tumor .
The employee had used a cell phone for well over 10 years for his work .
After being diagnosed with an acoustic neuroma in 2010 , the employee was declared ( in 2011 ) 68 % disabled and permanently unfit for work .
In 2014 , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ causal link between his workplace exposure to radiation and the acoustic neuroma and asking that his tumor be recognized as an occupational disease .
The Monza court concurred that the tumor had permanently incapacitated him and ruled it to be an occupational disease .
When the defense appealed the decision , Italy ’ s Supreme Court upheld it .
Over a period from 1994 to 2010 , the airport employee ’ s job had exposed him to high levels of radiofrequency and microwave radiation from a variety of antennas and high-frequency equipment , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , satellite antennas and airplane equipment .
In addition , the performance of his job required the use of numerous radiation-emitting devices , including mobile phones , two always-on PCs and signal repeaters ( GSM and DECT ) .
Holding the phone on the left side of his head , the employee used a Siemens DECT ( cordless ) phone , a Nokia and later a Samsung cell phone for more than four hours a day , with phone sessions lasting up to 45 consecutive minutes .
Several times , the employee and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ electromagnetic fields ( EMFs ) and radiation to their employer , asking for the EMFs and radiation to be measured , but higher-ups ignored these requests .
In the Italian legal system , judges can appoint technical experts called court technical experts ( CTUs ) .
In the Monza case , the experts and technical advisers assigned to evaluate the case conducted research into acoustic neuroma and its risk factors .
Basing their determination on the duration of exposure ( exposure to high-frequency EMR for a considerable number of hours per day for @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of devices used , the type of pathology and their review of the literature , they determined the evidence to be sufficient for a causal link , even in the absence of absolutely conclusive scientific evidence .
They also referenced the Brescia court ’ s decision and the studies cited in that decision .
Their conclusion was that the development of the left auditory nerve neuroma was related to the employee ’ s workplace exposures and that the tumor had caused a reduction in the employee ’ s mental and physical health .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ Italian courts have determined that the radiofrequency and microwave radiation emitted by cell phones can cause acoustic-neuroma-type brain tumors .
The importance of these decisions should not be underestimated , particularly given the courts ’ recognition that when exposure to electromagnetic radiation becomes a necessary part of the job , acoustic neuromas are an occupational risk .

By Martine Vriens and Dafna Tachover
On January 13, 2020, Turin’s Court of Appeals confirmed a 2017 decision determining that a former Telecom Italia worker’s acoustic neuroma (a benign tumor in the ear) was caused by his mobile phone use. This is the sixth time that an Italian court has affirmed a causal link between cell phone use and brain tumors, including decisions by the High Court of Italy.
The Appellate court reached its decision after a review of the evidence and after receiving the opinion of two court-appointed experts. The experts referred the court to studies indicating that individuals who speak on their phones for an average of 30 minutes a day for at least 10 years increase their risk of developing head tumors. After considering this evidence, the Appellate court in Turin stated, “There are solid elements to affirm a causal role between the exposure of the person to radiofrequencies from mobile phones and the disease that arose.”
… studies provided by the defense—which denied a causal link—were mostly industry-funded and, therefore, should be given less weight because of conflicts of interest.
Crucially, the Turin court stated that the studies provided by the defense—which denied a causal link—were mostly industry-funded and, therefore, should be given less weight because of conflicts of interest. Studies by members of the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) and the European Commission’s Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks (SCHENIHR) also suffer from conflicts of interest, according to the Turin court, because these organizations likewise receive funding from industry. The World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) International EMF Project and many countries around the world have adopted the industry-funded ICNIRP’s recommendations as their safety guidelines. Thus, these statements by the court—calling out the influence of industry funding and conflicts of interest—are extremely significant.
The Turin court’s ruling affirmed the decision of the court of Ivera from 2017. Roberto Romeo, age 57, used his cell phone for three to four hours of each working day for 15 years. He was diagnosed with acoustic neuroma in 2010, and his acoustic nerve had to be removed. As reported in The Guardian, “A medical expert estimated the damage to Romeo at 23% of his bodily function, prompting the judge to make a compensation award of €500 per month to be paid by INAIL, a national insurance program covering workplace accidents.”
Earlier court decisions
Acoustic neuromas are tumors that develop on the main nerve leading from the inner ear to the brain. This nerve influences balance and hearing. Pressure from an acoustic neuroma can cause hearing loss, ringing in the ear and unsteadiness, occasionally also interfering with brain functioning. Acoustic neuroma is also known as “vestibular schwannoma” because it develops on the Schwann cells covering the nerve. Of note, the U.S. government’s $25 million National Toxicology Program cell phone study found that exposure to cell phone radiation caused schwannoma-type tumors.
Newsweek mistakenly reported the Ivrea case as the first Italian ruling linking cell phones and acoustic neuromas, but it was in fact the second. The first ruling, made by a court in Brescia on December 10, 2009 and affirmed by the High Court of Italy in 2012, granted worker’s compensation to an industrial plant’s financial manager, Mr. Marcolini, who developed a tumor after using cell and cordless phones for five to six hours a day for 12 years. Marcolini was diagnosed as having a benign tumor on the trigeminal nerve, which controls facial muscles and sensations. As in Turin, the Brescia court ignored industry-funded studies—declaring them to be biased—and instead relied on the expert opinion of Swedish professor Lennart Hardell, an oncology specialist and cancer epidemiologist with “a focused interest in environmental risk factors for cancer.”
The next (third) ruling to link cell phone use and acute nerve disease was made by a Florence court in April 2017. The Florence court ordered INAIL to compensate a salesperson who developed an acoustic neuroma after using the phone for two to three hours a day on the job for 10 years.
An occupational hazard
On January 30, 2019, an Italian court in the city of Monza ruled that exposure to cell phone radiation caused an airport employee’s acoustic neuroma brain tumor. The employee had used a cell phone for well over 10 years for his work. After being diagnosed with an acoustic neuroma in 2010, the employee was declared (in 2011) 68% disabled and permanently unfit for work. In 2014, he applied to INAIL, claiming a causal link between his workplace exposure to radiation and the acoustic neuroma and asking that his tumor be recognized as an occupational disease. The Monza court concurred that the tumor had permanently incapacitated him and ruled it to be an occupational disease. When the defense appealed the decision, Italy’s Supreme Court upheld it.
Basing their determination on the duration of exposure, the types of devices used, the type of pathology and their review of the literature, they determined the evidence to be sufficient for a causal link, even in the absence of absolutely conclusive scientific evidence.
Over a period from 1994 to 2010, the airport employee’s job had exposed him to high levels of radiofrequency and microwave radiation from a variety of antennas and high-frequency equipment, including altitude signal repeaters, weather radars, satellite antennas and airplane equipment. In addition, the performance of his job required the use of numerous radiation-emitting devices, including mobile phones, two always-on PCs and signal repeaters (GSM and DECT). Holding the phone on the left side of his head, the employee used a Siemens DECT (cordless) phone, a Nokia and later a Samsung cell phone for more than four hours a day, with phone sessions lasting up to 45 consecutive minutes. Several times, the employee and his colleagues reported the high levels of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) and radiation to their employer, asking for the EMFs and radiation to be measured, but higher-ups ignored these requests.
In the Italian legal system, judges can appoint technical experts called court technical experts (CTUs). In the Monza case, the experts and technical advisers assigned to evaluate the case conducted research into acoustic neuroma and its risk factors. Basing their determination on the duration of exposure (exposure to high-frequency EMR for a considerable number of hours per day for over 10 years), the types of devices used, the type of pathology and their review of the literature, they determined the evidence to be sufficient for a causal link, even in the absence of absolutely conclusive scientific evidence. They also referenced the Brescia court’s decision and the studies cited in that decision. Their conclusion was that the development of the left auditory nerve neuroma was related to the employee’s workplace exposures and that the tumor had caused a reduction in the employee’s mental and physical health.
Thus, in case after case, Italian courts have determined that the radiofrequency and microwave radiation emitted by cell phones can cause acoustic-neuroma-type brain tumors. The importance of these decisions should not be underestimated, particularly given the courts’ recognition that when exposure to electromagnetic radiation becomes a necessary part of the job, acoustic neuromas are an occupational risk.
This article originally appeared on Waking Times.
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renegadetribune--2020-01-24--Miami jewish Federation to “Train Law Enforcement”

The Greater Miami Jewish Federation met with Miami-Dade ’ s Community Relations Board to discuss options .

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Public Scapegoats

By Sir James George Frazer From The Golden Bough [ 1922 ] THE FOREGOING survey of the custom of publicly expelling the accumulated evils of a village or town or country suggests a few general observations .
In the first place , it will not be disputed that what I have called the immediate and the mediate expulsions of evil are identical in intention ; in other words , that whether the evils are conceived of as invisible or as embodied in a material form , is a circumstance entirely subordinate to the main object of the ceremony , which @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of all the ills that have been infesting a people .
If any link were wanting to connect the two kinds of expulsion , it would be furnished by such a practice as that of sending the evils away in a litter or a boat .
For here , on the one hand , the evils are invisible and intangible ; and , on the other hand , there is a visible and tangible vehicle to convey them away .
And a scapegoat is nothing more than such a vehicle .
In the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of evils is resorted to periodically , the interval between the celebrations of the ceremony is commonly a year , and the time of year when the ceremony takes place usually coincides with some well-marked change of season , such as the beginning or end of winter in the arctic and temperate zones , and the beginning or end of the rainy season in the tropics .
The increased mortality which such climatic changes are apt to produce , especially amongst ill-fed , ill-clothed , and ill-housed savages , is set down by @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , who must accordingly be expelled .
Hence , in the tropical regions of New Britain and Peru , the devils are or were driven out at the beginning of the rainy season ; hence , on the dreary coasts of Baffin Land , they are banished at the approach of the bitter Arctic winter .
When a tribe has taken to husbandry , the time for the general expulsion of devils is naturally made to agree with one of the great epochs of the agricultural year , as sowing , or harvest @ @ @ @ @ @ @ naturally coincide with changes of season , it does not follow that the transition from the hunting or pastoral to the agricultural life involves any alteration in the time of celebrating this great annual rite .
Some of the agricultural communities of India and the Hindoo Koosh , as we have seen , hold their general clearance of demons at harvest , others at sowing-time .
But , at whatever season of the year it is held , the general expulsion of devils commonly marks the beginning of the new year .
For @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , people are anxious to rid themselves of the troubles that have harassed them in the past ; hence it comes about that in so many communities the beginning of the new year is inaugurated with a solemn and public banishment of evil spirits .
In the third place , it is to be observed that this public and periodic expulsion of devils is commonly preceded or followed by a period of general license , during which the ordinary restraints of society are thrown aside , and all offences , short of the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
In Guinea and Tonquin the period of license precedes the public expulsion of demons ; and the suspension of the ordinary government in Lhasa previous to the expulsion of the scapegoat is perhaps a relic of a similar period of universal license .
Amongst the Hos of India the period of license follows the expulsion of the devil .
Amongst the Iroquois it hardly appears whether it preceded or followed the banishment of evils .
In any case , the extraordinary relaxation of all ordinary rules of conduct on such occasions is @ @ @ @ @ @ @ clearance of evils which precedes or follows it .
On the one hand , when a general riddance of evil and absolution from all sin is in immediate prospect , men are encouraged to give the rein to their passions , trusting that the coming ceremony will wipe out the score which they are running up so fast .
On the other hand , when the ceremony has just taken place , men ’ s minds are freed from the oppressive sense , under which they generally labour , of an atmosphere surcharged @ @ @ @ @ @ @ revulsion of joy they overleap the limits commonly imposed by custom and morality .
When the ceremony takes place at harvest-time , the elation of feeling which it excites is further stimulated by the state of physical wellbeing produced by an abundant supply of food .
Fourthly , the employment of a divine man or animal as a scapegoat is especially to be noted ; indeed , we are here directly concerned with the custom of banishing evils only in so far as these evils are believed to be transferred to a god @ @ @ @ @ @ @ be suspected that the custom of employing a divine man or animal as a public scapegoat is much more widely diffused than appears from the examples cited .
For , as has already been pointed out , the custom of killing a god dates from so early a period of human history that in later ages , even when the custom continues to be practised , it is liable to be misinterpreted .
The divine character of the animal or man is forgotten , and he comes to be regarded merely as an @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to be the case when it is a divine man who is killed .
For when a nation becomes civilised , if it does not drop human sacrifices altogether , it at least selects as victims only such wretches as would be put to death at any rate .
Thus the killing of a god may sometimes come to be confounded with the execution of a criminal .
If we ask why a dying god should be chosen to take upon himself and carry away the sins and sorrows of the people , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ practice of using the divinity as a scapegoat we have a combination of two customs which were at one time distinct and independent .
On the one hand we have seen that it has been customary to kill the human or animal god in order to save his divine life from being weakened by the inroads of age .
On the other hand we have seen that it has been customary to have a general expulsion of evils and sins once a year .
Now , if it occurred to people to combine @ @ @ @ @ @ @ be the employment of the dying god as a scapegoat .
He was killed , not originally to take away sin , but to save the divine life from the degeneracy of old age ; but , since he had to be killed at any rate , people may have thought that they might as well seize the opportunity to lay upon him the burden of their sufferings and sins , in order that he might bear it away with him to the unknown world beyond the grave .
The use of the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ambiguity which , as we saw , appears to hang about the European folk-custom of “ carrying out Death.
” Grounds have been shown for believing that in this ceremony the so-called Death was originally the spirit of vegetation , who was annually slain in spring , in order that he might come to life again with all the vigour of youth .
But , as I pointed out , there are certain features in the ceremony which are not explicable on this hypothesis alone .
Such are the marks of joy with @ @ @ @ @ @ @ out to be buried or burnt , and the fear and abhorrence of it manifested by the bearers .
But these features become at once intelligible if we suppose that the Death was not merely the dying god of vegetation , but also a public scapegoat , upon whom were laid all the evils that had afflicted the people during the past year .
Joy on such an occasion is natural and appropriate ; and if the dying god appears to be the object of that fear and abhorrence which are properly due @ @ @ @ @ @ @ sins and misfortunes with which he is laden , this arises merely from the difficulty of distinguishing , or at least of marking the distinction , between the bearer and the burden .
When the burden is of a baleful character , the bearer of it will be feared and shunned just as much as if he were himself instinct with those dangerous properties of which , as it happens , he is only the vehicle .
Similarly we have seen that disease-laden and sin-laden boats are dreaded and shunned by East Indian @ @ @ @ @ @ @ in these popular customs the Death is a scapegoat as well as a representative of the divine spirit of vegetation derives some support from the circumstance that its expulsion is always celebrated in spring and chiefly by Slavonic peoples .
For the Slavonic year began in spring ; and thus , in one of its aspects , the ceremony of “ carrying out Death ” would be an example of the widespread custom of expelling the accumulated evils of the old year before entering on a new one .

By Sir James George Frazer
From The Golden Bough [1922]
THE FOREGOING survey of the custom of publicly expelling the accumulated evils of a village or town or country suggests a few general observations.
In the first place, it will not be disputed that what I have called the immediate and the mediate expulsions of evil are identical in intention; in other words, that whether the evils are conceived of as invisible or as embodied in a material form, is a circumstance entirely subordinate to the main object of the ceremony, which is simply to effect a total clearance of all the ills that have been infesting a people. If any link were wanting to connect the two kinds of expulsion, it would be furnished by such a practice as that of sending the evils away in a litter or a boat. For here, on the one hand, the evils are invisible and intangible; and, on the other hand, there is a visible and tangible vehicle to convey them away. And a scapegoat is nothing more than such a vehicle.
In the second place, when a general clearance of evils is resorted to periodically, the interval between the celebrations of the ceremony is commonly a year, and the time of year when the ceremony takes place usually coincides with some well-marked change of season, such as the beginning or end of winter in the arctic and temperate zones, and the beginning or end of the rainy season in the tropics. The increased mortality which such climatic changes are apt to produce, especially amongst ill-fed, ill-clothed, and ill-housed savages, is set down by primitive man to the agency of demons, who must accordingly be expelled. Hence, in the tropical regions of New Britain and Peru, the devils are or were driven out at the beginning of the rainy season; hence, on the dreary coasts of Baffin Land, they are banished at the approach of the bitter Arctic winter. When a tribe has taken to husbandry, the time for the general expulsion of devils is naturally made to agree with one of the great epochs of the agricultural year, as sowing, or harvest; but, as these epochs themselves naturally coincide with changes of season, it does not follow that the transition from the hunting or pastoral to the agricultural life involves any alteration in the time of celebrating this great annual rite. Some of the agricultural communities of India and the Hindoo Koosh, as we have seen, hold their general clearance of demons at harvest, others at sowing-time. But, at whatever season of the year it is held, the general expulsion of devils commonly marks the beginning of the new year. For, before entering on a new year, people are anxious to rid themselves of the troubles that have harassed them in the past; hence it comes about that in so many communities the beginning of the new year is inaugurated with a solemn and public banishment of evil spirits.
In the third place, it is to be observed that this public and periodic expulsion of devils is commonly preceded or followed by a period of general license, during which the ordinary restraints of society are thrown aside, and all offences, short of the gravest, are allowed to pass unpunished. In Guinea and Tonquin the period of license precedes the public expulsion of demons; and the suspension of the ordinary government in Lhasa previous to the expulsion of the scapegoat is perhaps a relic of a similar period of universal license. Amongst the Hos of India the period of license follows the expulsion of the devil. Amongst the Iroquois it hardly appears whether it preceded or followed the banishment of evils. In any case, the extraordinary relaxation of all ordinary rules of conduct on such occasions is doubtless to be explained by the general clearance of evils which precedes or follows it. On the one hand, when a general riddance of evil and absolution from all sin is in immediate prospect, men are encouraged to give the rein to their passions, trusting that the coming ceremony will wipe out the score which they are running up so fast. On the other hand, when the ceremony has just taken place, men’s minds are freed from the oppressive sense, under which they generally labour, of an atmosphere surcharged with devils; and in the first revulsion of joy they overleap the limits commonly imposed by custom and morality. When the ceremony takes place at harvest-time, the elation of feeling which it excites is further stimulated by the state of physical wellbeing produced by an abundant supply of food.
Fourthly, the employment of a divine man or animal as a scapegoat is especially to be noted; indeed, we are here directly concerned with the custom of banishing evils only in so far as these evils are believed to be transferred to a god who is afterwards slain. It may be suspected that the custom of employing a divine man or animal as a public scapegoat is much more widely diffused than appears from the examples cited. For, as has already been pointed out, the custom of killing a god dates from so early a period of human history that in later ages, even when the custom continues to be practised, it is liable to be misinterpreted. The divine character of the animal or man is forgotten, and he comes to be regarded merely as an ordinary victim. This is especially likely to be the case when it is a divine man who is killed. For when a nation becomes civilised, if it does not drop human sacrifices altogether, it at least selects as victims only such wretches as would be put to death at any rate. Thus the killing of a god may sometimes come to be confounded with the execution of a criminal.
If we ask why a dying god should be chosen to take upon himself and carry away the sins and sorrows of the people, it may be suggested that in the practice of using the divinity as a scapegoat we have a combination of two customs which were at one time distinct and independent. On the one hand we have seen that it has been customary to kill the human or animal god in order to save his divine life from being weakened by the inroads of age. On the other hand we have seen that it has been customary to have a general expulsion of evils and sins once a year. Now, if it occurred to people to combine these two customs, the result would be the employment of the dying god as a scapegoat. He was killed, not originally to take away sin, but to save the divine life from the degeneracy of old age; but, since he had to be killed at any rate, people may have thought that they might as well seize the opportunity to lay upon him the burden of their sufferings and sins, in order that he might bear it away with him to the unknown world beyond the grave.
The use of the divinity as a scapegoat clears up the ambiguity which, as we saw, appears to hang about the European folk-custom of “carrying out Death.” Grounds have been shown for believing that in this ceremony the so-called Death was originally the spirit of vegetation, who was annually slain in spring, in order that he might come to life again with all the vigour of youth. But, as I pointed out, there are certain features in the ceremony which are not explicable on this hypothesis alone. Such are the marks of joy with which the effigy of Death is carried out to be buried or burnt, and the fear and abhorrence of it manifested by the bearers. But these features become at once intelligible if we suppose that the Death was not merely the dying god of vegetation, but also a public scapegoat, upon whom were laid all the evils that had afflicted the people during the past year. Joy on such an occasion is natural and appropriate; and if the dying god appears to be the object of that fear and abhorrence which are properly due not to himself, but to the sins and misfortunes with which he is laden, this arises merely from the difficulty of distinguishing, or at least of marking the distinction, between the bearer and the burden. When the burden is of a baleful character, the bearer of it will be feared and shunned just as much as if he were himself instinct with those dangerous properties of which, as it happens, he is only the vehicle. Similarly we have seen that disease-laden and sin-laden boats are dreaded and shunned by East Indian peoples. Again, the view that in these popular customs the Death is a scapegoat as well as a representative of the divine spirit of vegetation derives some support from the circumstance that its expulsion is always celebrated in spring and chiefly by Slavonic peoples. For the Slavonic year began in spring; and thus, in one of its aspects, the ceremony of “carrying out Death” would be an example of the widespread custom of expelling the accumulated evils of the old year before entering on a new one.
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renegadetribune--2020-01-24--Ghislaine Maxwell’s Personal Emails Were Hacked and Could Be Leaked or Sold

British socialite Ghislaine Maxwell , daughter of the late suspected double spy Robert Maxwell and Jeffrey Epstein ’ s accused madam , has reportedly been hacked .
According to the Daily Telegraph , Maxwell maintained a secret email server and failed to secure it .
Maxwell claims that her email server was hacked after a court unsealed approximately 2,000 pages of documents last August , according to the Daily Mail .
The extent of the breach is unknown .
If emails were obtained in the hack they could showcase embarrassing information on Epstein ’ s clients , alleged victims , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ operation .
In a newly released court document from the case of Virginia Giuffre ( nee Roberts ) v. Ghislaine Maxwell , the socialite ’ s attorneys argue for a cache of communications in the case to remain sealed .
Her attorneys have said that there were “ serious mistakes , ” including insufficient redactions , in the August document release .
One such mistake included failing to redact an email address belonging to Maxwell .
For example , it redacted a non-party ’ s name in one location but not another ; @ @ @ @ @ @ @ that name .
As another example , it redacted Ms.Maxwell ’ s email address ( which linked to her own domain name ) in one location but not another ; shortly afterward hackers breached the host computer .
Maxwell stands accused of aiding Jeffrey Epstein by participating in several rape crimes by numerous female victims .
Maxwell has denied all charges that she aided in the sex ring despite a plethora of evidence including victim and witness testimonies .
It was revealed last year that Maxwell and Prince Andrew exchanged emails regarding Epstein @ @ @ @ @ @ @ was raped by the Duke of York when she was underage and that Maxwell facilitated it .
Police have failed to act and arrest Prince Andrew despite a mountain of proof indicating his involvement .
Andrew also denies all claims of his own participation in Epstein ’ s underage ring .
Jeffrey Epstein allegedly hung himself in August 2018—around the same time of the hack .
Since his death new evidence including burst capillaries has emerged suggesting that Epstein ’ s death may have in fact been murder .
Dr. Michael Baden , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ s family , has insisted this was likely the case .
Epstein ’ s Deutsche Bank banker Thomas Bowers killed himself by hanging a few months later .
The FBI has also warned that there are credible threats to Virginia Giuffre ’ s life .
It is currently unknown who hacked Maxwell .
Because documents and emails belonging to Maxwell have not surfaced in hacktivist circles , the hack having been perpetrated by vigilante hackers such as Anonymous is unlikely .
This suggests the hack has a political or profit motive behind it @ @ @ @ @ @ @ highest bidder on the dark web ) .

By Aaron Kesel
British socialite Ghislaine Maxwell, daughter of the late suspected double spy Robert Maxwell and Jeffrey Epstein’s accused madam, has reportedly been hacked.
According to the Daily Telegraph, Maxwell maintained a secret email server and failed to secure it.
Maxwell claims that her email server was hacked after a court unsealed approximately 2,000 pages of documents last August, according to the Daily Mail.
The extent of the breach is unknown. If emails were obtained in the hack they could showcase embarrassing information on Epstein’s clients, alleged victims, and co-conspirators in his massive sex trafficking operation.
In a newly released court document from the case of Virginia Giuffre (nee Roberts) v. Ghislaine Maxwell, the socialite’s attorneys argue for a cache of communications in the case to remain sealed. Her attorneys have said that there were “serious mistakes,” including insufficient redactions, in the August document release. One such mistake included failing to redact an email address belonging to Maxwell.
For example, it redacted a non-party’s name in one location but not another; so the media immediately gained access to that name. As another example, it redacted Ms.Maxwell’s email address (which linked to her own domain name) in one location but not another; shortly afterward hackers breached the host computer.
Maxwell stands accused of aiding Jeffrey Epstein by participating in several rape crimes by numerous female victims. Maxwell has denied all charges that she aided in the sex ring despite a plethora of evidence including victim and witness testimonies.
It was revealed last year that Maxwell and Prince Andrew exchanged emails regarding Epstein accuser Virginia Giuffre, who says she was raped by the Duke of York when she was underage and that Maxwell facilitated it.
Police have failed to act and arrest Prince Andrew despite a mountain of proof indicating his involvement. Andrew also denies all claims of his own participation in Epstein’s underage ring.
Jeffrey Epstein allegedly hung himself in August 2018—around the same time of the hack.
Since his death new evidence including burst capillaries has emerged suggesting that Epstein’s death may have in fact been murder. Dr. Michael Baden, a forensic pathologist hired by Epstein’s family, has insisted this was likely the case.
Epstein’s Deutsche Bank banker Thomas Bowers killed himself by hanging a few months later. The FBI has also warned that there are credible threats to Virginia Giuffre’s life.
It is currently unknown who hacked Maxwell. Because documents and emails belonging to Maxwell have not surfaced in hacktivist circles, the hack having been perpetrated by vigilante hackers such as Anonymous is unlikely. This suggests the hack has a political or profit motive behind it (potentially blackmail or selling to the highest bidder on the dark web).
By Aaron Kesel | Creative Commons | TheMindUnleashed.com
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Author: Thanks for being a reader of this site. Your contributions make this all possible. You can send support to: Kyle Hunt, PO Box 1052, Sorrento FL 32776. Bitcoin address: 1AfppjYZddJzc2C15PXKMsnyBPjPJQezwA . CashApp: Thanks for being a reader of this site. Your contributions make this all possible. You can send support to: Kyle Hunt, PO Box 1052, Sorrento FL 32776. Bitcoin address: 1AfppjYZddJzc2C15PXKMsnyBPjPJQezwA . CashApp: https://cash.app/$thekylehunt


renegadetribune--2020-01-24--Surveillance Capitalism — Imperceptibly Controlling Your Decisions

I recently came across a video interview with Professor Shoshana Zuboff , Charles Edward Wilson Emerita , Harvard Business School , who is author of the book The Age of Surveillance Capitalism : The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power .
The interviewer states that she is often called the Karl Marx of our time .
I don ’ t know what her nationality is ( Jewish ? )
or her thoughts on other subjects , but what she is talking about in this interview does not fit with what I think of as Marx @ @ @ @ @ @ @ his Communist beliefs .
She defends democracy ( not that I agree with capitalism or democracy ) and mainly is against a new type of capitalism that came about with the big-tech , Silicon Valley revolution .
This new form of “ shadow ” capitalism surreptitiously takes our personal information and uses it to influence our behaviors , emotions , desires , etc .
for large profits .
The video was featured in a 20 January 2020 Forbidden Knowledge article .
The interview is about 50 minutes long , but I found the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
Through their apps , companies like Google have not just been tracking users ’ obvious data like name , address , birth date , phone number , etc.
, but since the early 2000s they have been tracking other types of data users weren ’ t even aware of .
This data goes by names like “ Residual Data , ” “ Waste Material ” or “ Data Exhaust ” that tell even more about an individual and have become a great source of wealth production for businesses .
Such data may @ @ @ @ @ @ @ spelling errors , typing speed , color preferences , driving speed , frequented locations , etc .
This is a source of what the author calls “ rich predictive data.
” Companies say they need this data to improve their services , for instance , giving a user word suggestions for misspelled words .
But behind this service improvement the companies are also tracking this data to analyze it and train predictive algorithmic models of human behavior .
Over time individuals can fall into predictive groups that allow companies to understand and predict @ @ @ @ @ @ @ groups .
The author calls such data “ behavioral surplus , ” meaning more data is collected than is required for the company to provide the service offered .
The author gives a simple example of how predictive data may be used .
Through your preference habits the algorithmic model may be able to predict what type of food you are in the mood for at a particular time of day on a particular day of the week or month .
This predictive data is then sold to other companies in the food @ @ @ @ @ @ @ time you will then receive targeted ads from food vendors on your phone or computer for the food you are in the mood for ( perhaps with a discount coupon ) , creating sales for those vendors .
If you succumb to the ads and make a purchase , you then further reinforce the accuracy of the predictive programming algorithmic model .
The author states it is a misconception to believe that surveillance capitalism only manifests when individuals are online .
She says that surveillance capitalism is “ being conducted on a layer @ @ @ @ @ @ @ The public really has no idea what data the algorithms are collecting about us or how it is being used to predict public behavior .
Referencing an article from The New York Times , in the video it states that a marketing chain was able to predict that a girl was pregnant by her decision to change the brand of shampoo she purchased based on choosing a new brand without fragrance .
Olfactory sensitivity often changes when women become pregnant and the algorithm deduced that the girl was pregnant due to her new @ @ @ @ @ @ @ was pregnant by the targeted baby product ads he began to receive even before she announced the pregnancy to him .
From the terabytes of residual data the public leaves around the author states that big-tech “ can predict our personality , are emotions , are sexual orientation , our political orientation — a whole range of information we never intended to disclose.
” For example , when the public uploads photos to facebook it is not the photos themselves that big-tech finds valuable but the “ predictive signals ” within the photos @ @ @ @ @ @ @ gleaned by analyzing the facial structure of each individual within the photos .
We now know that such data is being used in facial recognition algorithms , but who is using this data and for what purpose , in most cases , the ignorant masses do not have a clue .
The author states that this facial recognition data is used by the military , but often is sold to individual businesses and to the Communist government in China .
China has used predictive facial recognition algorithms to literally imprison segments of its @ @ @ @ @ @ @ is the test bed for social scoring initiatives .
The big-tech companies can say they are protecting people ’ s privacy because the actual photos are not being sold while , at the same time , the more valuable “ predictive signals ” from the photos are being sold without permission .
The author states , “ Our ignorance is their bliss.
” The author then covers “ contagion experiments ” that facebook carried out on unsuspecting users using subliminal online cues , through targeted words , symbols and language to influence real-world @ @ @ @ @ @ @ that scholarly papers were written about these experiments and those carrying out the experiments agreed that two things were learned from the experiments .
• we now know we can manipulate subliminal cues in the online context to change real-world behavior or real-world emotion • we can exercise this power , these methods while bypassing user awareness Google was one of the first surveillance capitalism pioneers and was the company that engineered the Pokémon Go reality virtual enhancement game developed by John Hanke .
John Hanke also developed the surveillance software named Keyhole @ @ @ @ @ @ @ was later sold to Google and renamed Google Earth .
In order to hide the fact that Google was behind Pokémon Go they brought it to market under a start-up company Niantic .
Instead of buying online “ clickthrough ” advertising , businesses now bought location “ lure modules ” from Niantic to virtually lure users of Pokémon Go through physical “ footfall ” traffic to areas where they could sell products to the users .
The author states “ This was the real game of Pokémon Go.
” [ We will never @ @ @ @ @ @ @ this game [ 1 ] , [ 2 ] ] .
As to things like these global surveillance capitalism experiments — So now , big tech wants to know more than what individuals are doing online .
They want to know about “ your walk in the park , what you ’ re doing in your car and what you ’ re doing in your home.
” Voices , like faces , leave very valuable residual predictive data .
Microphones are being added to almost every “ Smart ” device and are listening @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
What are you watching on TV , what music are you listening to , is there a family argument taking place and under what situation , is someone visiting your home and for what reason… ?
In many cases big-tech is not telling the public that microphones are builtin to certain products , say your thermostat or security system .
If the public discovers this feature and complains , big-tech obfuscates , often pleading no knowledge of this function or its addition to the device being a mistake by the manufacturer .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ to the convenience of the main service provided by such devices or the manufacturer may void software upgrades or warranty options if the user requests the microphone function be turned off , thus holding the device ’ s usability hostage .
Another example of the way surveillance capitalists have begun gathering predictive data without consent of the public is through cameras built into the functionality of new-model automobiles .
As people drive around , the cameras are watching everything that is taking place in the environment around the car and feeding this data @ @ @ @ @ @ @ make lucrative , predictive decisions .
Whenever an individual agrees to the terms and conditions for using a product there is often buried within the legalese a statement that says that the producer of the product has the right to sell certain personal data to third parties .
Unbeknownst to the user this data may be sold and resold ad infinitum without the user knowing where this data may end up , who is using it and for what purposes .
In the early 2000s , as big-tech firms in Silicon Valley began @ @ @ @ @ @ @ devices , venture capitalists soon realized that even bigger profits could be made from apps and devices that produced what the author calls a “ surveillance dividend.
” They realized that more money could be made from apps and devices that provided “ residual data ” than from the main functionality of the app or device .
Surveillance capital with its “ surveillance dividend ” has since become the model that now permeates world business markets .
In many cases upgrading the usability of a product or making it better for the environment @ @ @ @ @ @ @ businesses are making most of their profit from the “ surveillance dividend ” the product provides them .
This is why , in many cases , the prices of devices and apps that can produce a “ surveillance dividend ” are made very affordable to consumers or are even provided free of charge .
Such is the case with Google ’ s free Android Operating System on Android Smartphones or why Microsoft has freely provided its Windows 10 Operating System to users .
The author ’ s main argument deals with surveillance used @ @ @ @ @ @ @ only briefly touches on military and government uses of “ residual data.
” However , I think it is becoming clearer every day that the bigger danger arises from the military and government use of “ residual data ” on entire populations .
How long will it be before predictive algorithms will be used to take away the rights and freedoms of select groups ( Whites ) , charging them with pre-crime based on predictive algorithmic models ?
I do not see lawmakers and regulatory agencies , who are in bed with big-tech @ @ @ @ @ @ @ practices , but instead using this surveillance data for their own nefarious purposes .

I recently came across a video interview with Professor Shoshana Zuboff, Charles Edward Wilson Emerita, Harvard Business School, who is author of the book The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power. The interviewer states that she is often called the Karl Marx of our time. I don’t know what her nationality is (Jewish?) or her thoughts on other subjects, but what she is talking about in this interview does not fit with what I think of as Marx’s total rejection of capitalism and his Communist beliefs. She defends democracy (not that I agree with capitalism or democracy) and mainly is against a new type of capitalism that came about with the big-tech, Silicon Valley revolution. This new form of “shadow” capitalism surreptitiously takes our personal information and uses it to influence our behaviors, emotions, desires, etc. for large profits. The video was featured in a 20 January 2020 Forbidden Knowledge article. The interview is about 50 minutes long, but I found the subject matter Zuboff talks about very interesting.
Through their apps, companies like Google have not just been tracking users’ obvious data like name, address, birth date, phone number, etc., but since the early 2000s they have been tracking other types of data users weren’t even aware of. This data goes by names like “Residual Data,” “Waste Material” or “Data Exhaust” that tell even more about an individual and have become a great source of wealth production for businesses. Such data may include things like an individual’s spelling errors, typing speed, color preferences, driving speed, frequented locations, etc. This is a source of what the author calls “rich predictive data.”
Companies say they need this data to improve their services, for instance, giving a user word suggestions for misspelled words. But behind this service improvement the companies are also tracking this data to analyze it and train predictive algorithmic models of human behavior. Over time individuals can fall into predictive groups that allow companies to understand and predict the behavior of the individuals within such groups. The author calls such data “behavioral surplus,” meaning more data is collected than is required for the company to provide the service offered.
The author gives a simple example of how predictive data may be used. Through your preference habits the algorithmic model may be able to predict what type of food you are in the mood for at a particular time of day on a particular day of the week or month. This predictive data is then sold to other companies in the food and restaurant business. At the predicted time you will then receive targeted ads from food vendors on your phone or computer for the food you are in the mood for (perhaps with a discount coupon), creating sales for those vendors. If you succumb to the ads and make a purchase, you then further reinforce the accuracy of the predictive programming algorithmic model.
The author states it is a misconception to believe that surveillance capitalism only manifests when individuals are online. She says that surveillance capitalism is “being conducted on a layer that is not accessible to us.” The public really has no idea what data the algorithms are collecting about us or how it is being used to predict public behavior.
Referencing an article from The New York Times, in the video it states that a marketing chain was able to predict that a girl was pregnant by her decision to change the brand of shampoo she purchased based on choosing a new brand without fragrance. Olfactory sensitivity often changes when women become pregnant and the algorithm deduced that the girl was pregnant due to her new shampoo choice. Her father discovered she was pregnant by the targeted baby product ads he began to receive even before she announced the pregnancy to him.
From the terabytes of residual data the public leaves around the author states that big-tech “can predict our personality, are emotions, are sexual orientation, our political orientation — a whole range of information we never intended to disclose.”
For example, when the public uploads photos to facebook it is not the photos themselves that big-tech finds valuable but the “predictive signals” within the photos. Rich, predictive data can be gleaned by analyzing the facial structure of each individual within the photos. We now know that such data is being used in facial recognition algorithms, but who is using this data and for what purpose, in most cases, the ignorant masses do not have a clue. The author states that this facial recognition data is used by the military, but often is sold to individual businesses and to the Communist government in China. China has used predictive facial recognition algorithms to literally imprison segments of its population and, of course, China is the test bed for social scoring initiatives. The big-tech companies can say they are protecting people’s privacy because the actual photos are not being sold while, at the same time, the more valuable “predictive signals” from the photos are being sold without permission. The author states, “Our ignorance is their bliss.”
The author then covers “contagion experiments” that facebook carried out on unsuspecting users using subliminal online cues, through targeted words, symbols and language to influence real-world offline behavior and emotions. She stated that scholarly papers were written about these experiments and those carrying out the experiments agreed that two things were learned from the experiments.
we now know we can manipulate subliminal cues in the online context to change real-world behavior or real-world emotion
we can exercise this power, these methods while bypassing user awareness
Google was one of the first surveillance capitalism pioneers and was the company that engineered the Pokémon Go reality virtual enhancement game developed by John Hanke. John Hanke also developed the surveillance software named Keyhole, that the CIA invested in and was later sold to Google and renamed Google Earth. In order to hide the fact that Google was behind Pokémon Go they brought it to market under a start-up company Niantic. Instead of buying online “clickthrough” advertising, businesses now bought location “lure modules” from Niantic to virtually lure users of Pokémon Go through physical “footfall” traffic to areas where they could sell products to the users. The author states “This was the real game of Pokémon Go.” [We will never know how many children were molested playing this game [1], [2]].
As to things like these global surveillance capitalism experiments —
You are intended to be in the feeling of being served, you are intended to be saturated with convenience, so that you will not notice and you will not complain and all of this shadow operation will remain hidden because you will not ask questions because you’re so busy being entertained.
So now, big tech wants to know more than what individuals are doing online. They want to know about “your walk in the park, what you’re doing in your car and what you’re doing in your home.”
Voices, like faces, leave very valuable residual predictive data. Microphones are being added to almost every “Smart” device and are listening constantly to everything going on around them. What are you watching on TV, what music are you listening to, is there a family argument taking place and under what situation, is someone visiting your home and for what reason…? In many cases big-tech is not telling the public that microphones are builtin to certain products, say your thermostat or security system. If the public discovers this feature and complains, big-tech obfuscates, often pleading no knowledge of this function or its addition to the device being a mistake by the manufacturer. Eventually the public forgets and becomes habituated to the convenience of the main service provided by such devices or the manufacturer may void software upgrades or warranty options if the user requests the microphone function be turned off, thus holding the device’s usability hostage.
This is their business: to obfuscate, to misdirect, to engineer our ignorance with mechanisms and methods that are undetectable, indecipherable – and if they confront you, deny it. Deny it for as long as possible until they habituate.
Another example of the way surveillance capitalists have begun gathering predictive data without consent of the public is through cameras built into the functionality of new-model automobiles. As people drive around, the cameras are watching everything that is taking place in the environment around the car and feeding this data to big-tech firms, helping them to make lucrative, predictive decisions.
A company like Ford can combine this surveillance data with the data from Ford Credit and the combined data sets can put them on a footing on par with or potentially above that of the biggest surveillance capitalists. “Who wouldn’t want to invest in Ford under those circumstances?” she asks.
Whenever an individual agrees to the terms and conditions for using a product there is often buried within the legalese a statement that says that the producer of the product has the right to sell certain personal data to third parties. Unbeknownst to the user this data may be sold and resold ad infinitum without the user knowing where this data may end up, who is using it and for what purposes.
In the early 2000s, as big-tech firms in Silicon Valley began making large profits developing popular apps and devices, venture capitalists soon realized that even bigger profits could be made from apps and devices that produced what the author calls a “surveillance dividend.” They realized that more money could be made from apps and devices that provided “residual data” than from the main functionality of the app or device. Surveillance capital with its “surveillance dividend” has since become the model that now permeates world business markets. In many cases upgrading the usability of a product or making it better for the environment takes a back seat in manufacturing when businesses are making most of their profit from the “surveillance dividend” the product provides them. This is why, in many cases, the prices of devices and apps that can produce a “surveillance dividend” are made very affordable to consumers or are even provided free of charge. Such is the case with Google’s free Android Operating System on Android Smartphones or why Microsoft has freely provided its Windows 10 Operating System to users.
These 20 years have been a honeymoon for surveillance capitalism, because they have been 20 years largely unimpeded by law…why? Well, the most important reason is that they’re doing things that have never been done before so there are no laws against it…We haven’t even tried yet to stop it.
The author’s main argument deals with surveillance used in capitalism for business profits and she only briefly touches on military and government uses of “residual data.” However, I think it is becoming clearer every day that the bigger danger arises from the military and government use of “residual data” on entire populations. How long will it be before predictive algorithms will be used to take away the rights and freedoms of select groups (Whites), charging them with pre-crime based on predictive algorithmic models?
She states —
Surveillance capitalism is unprecedented so we’re going to need the laws and the regulatory regimes that respond directly to these new, unprecedented operations.
I do not see lawmakers and regulatory agencies, who are in bed with big-tech capitalists, doing much to stop such practices, but instead using this surveillance data for their own nefarious purposes.
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renegadetribune--2020-01-24--The Real Umbrella Corp: Wuhan Ultra Biohazard Lab Was Studying “The World’s Most Dangerous Pathogens

The Real Umbrella Corp: Wuhan Ultra Biohazard Lab Was Studying “The World’s Most Dangerous Pathogens”

Now that not one but seven Chinese cities – including Wuhan , ground zero of the coronavirus epidemic – and collectively housing some 23 million people , are under quarantine… … comparisons to the infamous Raccoon City from Resident Evil are coming in hot and heavy .
And , since reality often tends to imitate if not art then certainly Hollywood , earlier today we jokingly asked if the Medical Research Institute at Wuhan University would end up being China ’ s version of Umbrella Corp. As it turns out , it wasn ’ t a joke , because moments @ @ @ @ @ @ @ that in February 2017 , Nature penned an extensive profile of what it called the “ Chinese lab poised to study world ’ s most dangerous pathogens.
” The location of this BSL-4 rated lab ?
Why , Wuhan .
A quick read of what this lab was meant to do , prompts the immediate question whether the coronavirus epidemic isn ’ t a weaponized virus that just happened to escape the lab : The Wuhan lab cost 300 million yuan ( US $ 44 million ) , and to allay safety concerns @ @ @ @ @ @ @ plain and with the capacity to withstand a magnitude-7 earthquake , although the area has no history of strong earthquakes .
It will focus on the control of emerging diseases , store purified viruses and act as a World Health Organization ‘ reference laboratory ’ linked to similar labs around the world .
“ It will be a key node in the global biosafety-lab network , ” says lab director Yuan Zhiming .
The Chinese Academy of Sciences approved the construction of a BSL-4 laboratory in 2003 , and the epidemic of SARS @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the same time lent the project momentum .
The lab was designed and constructed with French assistance as part of a 2004 cooperative agreement on the prevention and control of emerging infectious diseases .
But the complexity of the project , China ’ s lack of experience , difficulty in maintaining funding and long government approval procedures meant that construction wasn ’ t finished until the end of 2014 .
The lab ’ s first project will be to study the BSL-3 pathogen that causes Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever : a deadly tick-borne virus @ @ @ @ @ @ @ including in northwest China , and that can jump to people .
Future plans include studying the pathogen that causes SARS , which also doesn ’ t require a BSL-4 lab , before moving on to Ebola and the West African Lassa virus , What does BSL-4 mean ?
BSL-4 is the highest level of biocontainment : its criteria include filtering air and treating water and waste before they leave the laboratory , and stipulating that researchers change clothes and shower before and after using lab facilities .
Such labs are often controversial @ @ @ @ @ @ @ was built in 1981 , but operated with lower-risk pathogens until 2015 , when safety concerns were finally overcome .
And here ’ s why all this is an issue : Below we repost the full Nature article because it strongly hints , without evidence for now , that the coronavirus epidemic may well have been a weaponized virus which “ accidentally ” escaped the Wuhan biohazard facility .
A laboratory in Wuhan is on the cusp of being cleared to work with the world ’ s most dangerous pathogens .
The move @ @ @ @ @ @ @ between five and seven biosafety level-4 ( BSL-4 ) labs across the Chinese mainland by 2025 , and has generated much excitement , as well as some concerns .
This article originally appeared on Zero Hedge .

Now that not one but seven Chinese cities – including Wuhan, ground zero of the coronavirus epidemic – and collectively housing some 23 million people, are under quarantine…
… comparisons to the infamous Raccoon City from Resident Evil are coming in hot and heavy. And, since reality often tends to imitate if not art then certainly Hollywood, earlier today we jokingly asked if the Medical Research Institute at Wuhan University would end up being China’s version of Umbrella Corp.
Is the Medical Research Institute at Wuhan University, Center for Immunology and Metabolism also called "Umbrella Corp" for short? https://t.co/CnWxs1uVKT — zerohedge (@zerohedge) January 23, 2020
As it turns out, it wasn’t a joke, because moments ago it was brought to our attention that in February 2017, Nature penned an extensive profile of what it called the “Chinese lab poised to study world’s most dangerous pathogens.” The location of this BSL-4 rated lab? Why, Wuhan.
A quick read of what this lab was meant to do, prompts the immediate question whether the coronavirus epidemic isn’t a weaponized virus that just happened to escape the lab:
The Wuhan lab cost 300 million yuan (US$44 million), and to allay safety concerns it was built far above the flood plain and with the capacity to withstand a magnitude-7 earthquake, although the area has no history of strong earthquakes. It will focus on the control of emerging diseases, store purified viruses and act as a World Health Organization ‘reference laboratory’ linked to similar labs around the world. “It will be a key node in the global biosafety-lab network,” says lab director Yuan Zhiming. The Chinese Academy of Sciences approved the construction of a BSL-4 laboratory in 2003, and the epidemic of SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) around the same time lent the project momentum. The lab was designed and constructed with French assistance as part of a 2004 cooperative agreement on the prevention and control of emerging infectious diseases. But the complexity of the project, China’s lack of experience, difficulty in maintaining funding and long government approval procedures meant that construction wasn’t finished until the end of 2014. The lab’s first project will be to study the BSL-3 pathogen that causes Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever: a deadly tick-borne virus that affects livestock across the world, including in northwest China, and that can jump to people. Future plans include studying the pathogen that causes SARS, which also doesn’t require a BSL-4 lab, before moving on to Ebola and the West African Lassa virus,
What does BSL-4 mean?
BSL-4 is the highest level of biocontainment: its criteria include filtering air and treating water and waste before they leave the laboratory, and stipulating that researchers change clothes and shower before and after using lab facilities. Such labs are often controversial. The first BSL-4 lab in Japan was built in 1981, but operated with lower-risk pathogens until 2015, when safety concerns were finally overcome.
And here’s why all this is an issue:
Worries surround the Chinese lab. The SARS virus has escaped from high-level containment facilities in Beijing multiple times, notes Richard Ebright, a molecular biologist at Rutgers University in Piscataway, New Jersey.
Below we repost the full Nature article because it strongly hints, without evidence for now, that the coronavirus epidemic may well have been a weaponized virus which “accidentally” escaped the Wuhan biohazard facility.
A laboratory in Wuhan is on the cusp of being cleared to work with the world’s most dangerous pathogens. The move is part of a plan to build between five and seven biosafety level-4 (BSL-4) labs across the Chinese mainland by 2025, and has generated much excitement, as well as some concerns.
… Read the rest
This article originally appeared on Zero Hedge.
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