French Druidism

by James Bonwick From Irish Druids And Old Irish Religions [ 1894 ] The Deroo of Brittany were more ancient , said Henri Martin , than those Druids known to Romans ; being “ primitive Druids , a sacerdotal caste of old Celts.
” Yet Forlong , who believed the Gallic coast tribes long traded and intermarried with the Phœnicians , saw “ abundant evidences for their worshipping Astarte and Herakles.
” They were Saronidæ , or judges .
They were the builders , masons , or like Gobhan Saer , free smiths .
Of Saer , O ’ Brien @ @ @ @ @ @ @ first name ever given to this body ( Freemasons ) was Saer , which has three significations : firstly , free ; secondly , mason ; and thirdly , son of God.
” Keane calls him “ one of the Guabhres or Cabiri , such as you have ever seen him represented on the Tuath de Danaan Cross at Clonmacnoise.
” A Breton poem , Ar Rannou , a dialogue between a Druid and his pupil , is still sung by villagers , as it may have been by their ancestors , the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ The seat of the Archdruid of Gaul was at Dreux .
French writers have interested themselves in the Druidic question .
The common impression is that Druids were only to be found in Brittany ; but other parts of France possessed those priests arid bards .
Certainly the northwest corner , the region of megalithic remains , continued later to be their haunt , being less disturbed there .
It was in Brittany , also , that the before-mentioned Oriental mysticism found so safe a home , and was nurtured so assiduously .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ south , centre , and north-east of France .
Dijon Druids , or the Vacies , were described in 1621 by Guenebauld of Dijon in Le Reveil de Chyndonax , Prince des Vacies Drvydes Celtiqves Düonois .
Upon the tomb of the Archdruid Chyndonax was found an inscription in Greek , thus rendered by the Dijon author– Numbers of the learned went to view the inscription , and an urn found within the tomb .
Mithras was a form of Apollo , or the Sun .
There are other evidences of the southern @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Cæsar ’ s assertions .
Guenebauld spoke of the prohibition of the Druidical religion by the Emperors Augustus , Tiberias , and Claudius ; adding that the Druids “ furent chassez du mont Drvys or Drvyde proche d ’ ostum , a cause de leur trop cruel sacrifice d ’ hommes.
” He declared that after the general Edict of Claudius “ il ne s ’ en treuva plus , parmy les Gaulois.
” When banished from Gaul , they retired to Britain , though Druidesses were mentioned as being at Dijon in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ in 1777 , published Memoire à consuilter pour les anciens Druides Gaulois , intended as a vindication of them against the strictures of Bailly in his letters to Voltaire .
He had a great belief in the astronomical skill of the Druids , from their use of the thirty years cycle , the revolution period of the planet Saturn .
At the Congress of Arras , in 1853 , the question debated was– “ Up to what period Roman polytheism had penetrated into Belgic Gaul ; –and up to what period continued the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ The French author remarks , “ The Romans did but one thing–gave the names of their gods to the divinities of the people of Fleanderland .
And these divinities–what were they ?
Evidently those of the country from which the people had been forced to flee.
” Dezobry and Bachelets , in their Dictionnaire de Biographie , & c. , affirm that “ the Celtic word derouyd ( from de or di , God , and rhoud or rhouid , speaking ) signifies Interpreter of the gods , or one who speaks from @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the etymology should be , in the Gaelic language , druidheacht , divination , magic ; or , better , dern , oak , and wydd , mistletoe.
” Acknowledging the ancient renown of their knowledge , it is admitted to be imperfectly known to us , though Pythagoreans pretended to be the founders thereof .
The French authors had the following account of the Druids ’ great charm– “ They carried suspended from their neck , as a mark of dignity , a serpent ’ s egg–a sort of oval ball of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Pliny tradition pretended to be the product of the foam of a quantity of serpents , grouped and interlaced together .
This egg has been the origin of a crowd of superstitions , which , up to a century ago , were in vogue in Cornwall , Wales , and the mountains of Scotland ; they continued to carry these balls of glass , called serpent stones , to which they attributed particular virtues.
” Druidesses of Gaul had a sanctuary on the Isle of Sena , Finisterre .
Druidism in France was @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the Council of Nantes ; and , later on , by the Capitularies of Charlemagne .
Renan supposed that Druidism remained a form exclusively national .
Justin ’ s remark , that “ the Greek colony of Marseilles civilized the Gauls , ” may help to explain how Gaulish Druids knew Greek , and how some French writers traced Druidism to the Phocians of Southern Gaul .
Then , again , we have Ammianus Marcellinus saying , “ The Druids were formed into fraternities as the authority of Pythagoras decreed.
” Cæsar , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ had clearly in his mind his own country ’ s faith .
They were like his own augurs , and their Archdruid was his pontifex maximus .
D ’ Arbois de Jubainville , in his account of Irish Mythology , has , of course , references to the Druids .
He lays emphasis on the difference between those of Gaul and those of our islands .
The judicial authority was vested in the Filé .
These need not , like the Druids proper celebrate sacrifices .
He traces the word file , a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the Breton givelout , to see .
The French author records that Polyhistor , Timagenus , Valerius Maximus , and others wrote of the north-western men holding Pythagorean doctrines ; but he adds , that while a second birth was regarded by the Pythagoreans as a punishment of evil , it was esteemed by the others as a privilege of heroes .

by James Bonwick
From Irish Druids And Old Irish Religions [1894]
The Deroo of Brittany were more ancient, said Henri Martin, than those Druids known to Romans; being “primitive Druids, a sacerdotal caste of old Celts.” Yet Forlong, who believed the Gallic coast tribes long traded and intermarried with the Phœnicians, saw “abundant evidences for their worshipping Astarte and Herakles.” They were Saronidæ, or judges. They were the builders, masons, or like Gobhan Saer, free smiths. Of Saer, O’Brien in his Round Towers says–“The first name ever given to this body (Freemasons) was Saer, which has three significations: firstly, free; secondly, mason; and thirdly, son of God.” Keane calls him “one of the Guabhres or Cabiri, such as you have ever seen him represented on the Tuath de Danaan Cross at Clonmacnoise.”
A Breton poem, Ar Rannou, a dialogue between a Druid and his pupil, is still sung by villagers, as it may have been by their ancestors, the Venite of Cæsar’s story. The seat of the Archdruid of Gaul was at Dreux.
French writers have interested themselves in the Druidic question. The common impression is that Druids were only to be found in Brittany; but other parts of France possessed those priests arid bards. Certainly the northwest corner, the region of megalithic remains, continued later to be their haunt, being less disturbed there. It was in Brittany, also, that the before-mentioned Oriental mysticism found so safe a home, and was nurtured so assiduously. But Druids were equally known in the south, centre, and north-east of France.
Dijon Druids, or the Vacies, were described in 1621 by Guenebauld of Dijon in Le Reveil de Chyndonax, Prince des Vacies Drvydes Celtiqves Düonois. Upon the tomb of the Archdruid Chyndonax was found an inscription in Greek, thus rendered by the Dijon author–
“En ce tombeau, dans le sacré boccage
Du Dieu Mithras, est contenu le corps
De Chyndonax grand Prestre; mechant hors,
Les Dieux Sanneurs le gardent de dommage.”
Numbers of the learned went to view the inscription, and an urn found within the tomb. Mithras was a form of Apollo, or the Sun. There are other evidences of the southern Gaulish Druids using Greek characters, beyond Cæsar’s assertions.
Guenebauld spoke of the prohibition of the Druidical religion by the Emperors Augustus, Tiberias, and Claudius; adding that the Druids “furent chassez du mont Drvys or Drvyde proche d’ostum, a cause de leur trop cruel sacrifice d’hommes.” He declared that after the general Edict of Claudius “il ne s’en treuva plus, parmy les Gaulois.” When banished from Gaul, they retired to Britain, though Druidesses were mentioned as being at Dijon in the time of Aurelian.
Beaudeau, in 1777, published Memoire à consuilter pour les anciens Druides Gaulois, intended as a vindication of them against the strictures of Bailly in his letters to Voltaire. He had a great belief in the astronomical skill of the Druids, from their use of the thirty years cycle, the revolution period of the planet Saturn.
At the Congress of Arras, in 1853, the question debated was–“Up to what period Roman polytheism had penetrated into Belgic Gaul;–and up to what period continued the struggle between Polytheism and Christianity?” The French author remarks, “The Romans did but one thing–gave the names of their gods to the divinities of the people of Fleanderland. And these divinities–what were they? Evidently those of the country from which the people had been forced to flee.”
Dezobry and Bachelets, in their Dictionnaire de Biographie, &c., affirm that “the Celtic word derouyd (from de or di, God, and rhoud or rhouid, speaking) signifies Interpreter of the gods, or one who speaks from the gods. According to others, the etymology should be, in the Gaelic language, druidheacht, divination, magic; or, better, dern, oak, and wydd, mistletoe.” Acknowledging the ancient renown of their knowledge, it is admitted to be imperfectly known to us, though Pythagoreans pretended to be the founders thereof. The French authors had the following account of the Druids’ great charm–
“They carried suspended from their neck, as a mark of dignity, a serpent’s egg–a sort of oval ball of crystal, that in the time of Pliny tradition pretended to be the product of the foam of a quantity of serpents, grouped and interlaced together. This egg has been the origin of a crowd of superstitions, which, up to a century ago, were in vogue in Cornwall, Wales, and the mountains of Scotland; they continued to carry these balls of glass, called serpent stones, to which they attributed particular virtues.”
Druidesses of Gaul had a sanctuary on the Isle of Sena, Finisterre. Druidism in France was condemned as late as 658, by the Council of Nantes; and, later on, by the Capitularies of Charlemagne. Renan supposed that Druidism remained a form exclusively national. Justin’s remark, that “the Greek colony of Marseilles civilized the Gauls,” may help to explain how Gaulish Druids knew Greek, and how some French writers traced Druidism to the Phocians of Southern Gaul. Then, again, we have Ammianus Marcellinus saying, “The Druids were formed into fraternities as the authority of Pythagoras decreed.” Cæsar, in his account of Gaulish Druids, had clearly in his mind his own country’s faith. They were like his own augurs, and their Archdruid was his pontifex maximus.
D’Arbois de Jubainville, in his account of Irish Mythology, has, of course, references to the Druids. He lays emphasis on the difference between those of Gaul and those of our islands. The judicial authority was vested in the Filé. These need not, like the Druids proper celebrate sacrifices. He traces the word file, a seer, from the same root as the Breton givelout, to see.
The French author records that Polyhistor, Timagenus, Valerius Maximus, and others wrote of the north-western men holding Pythagorean doctrines; but he adds, that while a second birth was regarded by the Pythagoreans as a punishment of evil, it was esteemed by the others as a privilege of heroes.
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Author: Thanks for being a reader of this site. Your contributions make this all possible. You can send support to: Kyle Hunt, PO Box 1052, Sorrento FL 32776. Bitcoin address: 1AfppjYZddJzc2C15PXKMsnyBPjPJQezwA . CashApp: Thanks for being a reader of this site. Your contributions make this all possible. You can send support to: Kyle Hunt, PO Box 1052, Sorrento FL 32776. Bitcoin address: 1AfppjYZddJzc2C15PXKMsnyBPjPJQezwA . CashApp: https://cash.app/$thekylehunt


renegadetribune--2020-06-05--The Trayvon Hoax: Unmasking the Witness Fraud that Divided America – film

Renegade Editor ’ s Note : Joel Gilbert , who made this film , is a strange jew , but @ @ @ @ @ evidence .
It appears that his conclusions here are correct .
Synopsis : In this @ @ @ @ @ , filmmaker Joel Gilbert uncovers the true story of the shooting death of 17-year-old Trayvon @ @ @ @ @ divided America .
By examining Trayvon ’ s 750-page cell phone records , Gilbert discovers @ @ @ @ @ the prosecution of George Zimmerman , the plus-sized 18-year-old Rachel Jeantel , was a fraud @ @ @ @ @ a different girl who was on the phone with Trayvon just before he was shot @ @ @ @ @ named “ Diamond ” whose recorded conversation with attorney Benjamin Crump ignited the public , @ @ @ @ @ provoked the nation ’ s media to demand Zimmerman ’ s arrest .

Renegade Editor’s Note: Joel Gilbert, who made this film, is a strange jew, but he presents some very compelling evidence. It appears that his conclusions here are correct.
Synopsis: In this stunning work of investigative journalism, filmmaker Joel Gilbert uncovers the true story of the shooting death of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin, a case that divided America. By examining Trayvon’s 750-page cell phone records, Gilbert discovers that the key witness for the prosecution of George Zimmerman, the plus-sized 18-year-old Rachel Jeantel, was a fraud. It was in fact a different girl who was on the phone with Trayvon just before he was shot. She was the 16-year-old named “Diamond” whose recorded conversation with attorney Benjamin Crump ignited the public, swayed President Obama, and provoked the nation’s media to demand Zimmerman’s arrest.
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Author: fmR- doing my stuff doing my stuff


renegadetribune--2020-06-05--A Third Of Americans Who Lost Their Job Due To COVID Still Waiting For Unemployment Benefits To Arri

A Third Of Americans Who Lost Their Job Due To COVID Still Waiting For Unemployment Benefits To Arrive

Almost 33 % of unemployment benefits that have been applied for as a result of coronavirus-related job losses have still not been paid .
This is despite the fact that the Treasury has disbursed $ 146 billion in benefits in three months through May , which is more than all of 2009 .
Recall , policymakers responded to the virus outbreak by offering $ 600 per week more in unemployment than usual .
The goal was to keep people home and prevent the virus from spreading .
But this number still isn ’ t enough : the total amount owed @ @ @ @ @ @ @ $ 214 billion , according to Bloomberg : The Treasury reports its unemployment disbursements daily .
Bloomberg ’ s calculation of what should have been paid is based on continuing claims for benefits , including those filed under a special program that widened the safety net to include contractors and gig workers .
( It assumes filings for missing weeks in May will be in line with the average in preceding weeks ) .
Those claims were multiplied by the weekly unemployment benefit , using the $ 378 state average plus the $ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ expire at the end of July .
The $ 67 billion difference is proof positive that emergency efforts to boost and disburse payments are falling short .
Jay Shambaugh , an economist at Brookings Institution , said : “ There ’ s a lot more money that should have gone out that has not gone out.
” More than 40 million people have filed for unemployment amidst the economic shutdown .
This includes 7.8 million people claiming under the Pandemic Unemployment Assistance program for independent contractors .
And the lack of payments are @ @ @ @ @ @ @ as racial tensions have gripped the nation and widespread rioting and looting is taking place .
At the same time , economists believe another 1.8 million people filed for unemployment last week and that Friday ’ s numbers will show a jobless rate of 19.5 % , the highest since the Great Depression .
Bob Radcliffe , who lives in Morristown , New Jersey filed for unemployment in March and is now owed almost $ 15,000 .
He has four children under eight and says he hasn ’ t received any benefits yet @ @ @ @ @ @ @ on a three-month mortgage forbearance to survive .
“ I ’ ve had money to live .
I ’ m not a desperate case .
But I ’ m running out , ” he said .
The Labor Department dispute ’ s Bloomberg ’ s use of its weekly claims report to extrapolate its data , stating : “ It is also challenging to use these numbers because states are struggling to keep up with demand and some have backlogs they are working through.
” Meanwhile , Bloomberg thinks it has underestimated the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ for example , has a backlog of 650,000 claims .
The state has seen more than 2.6 million claims filed since March .
The state has added to its staffing by redeploying other workers , but attention has also been drawn to helping people find jobs and re-opening the state .
20 % of workers in the state ’ s oil and gas industry have filed for unemployment .
And a failure to extend benefits nationwide could prolong the crisis , according to Diane Swonk , chief economist at Grant Thornton LLP .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ helped families pay for rent or initial food bills , it also amounts to a little more than a week ’ s pay for many .
Swonk said : “ We ’ re really talking about an economy that is going to be operating at a fraction of its capacity for a long period of time.
” Ernie Tedeschi , a former U.S. Treasury economist now at Evercore ISI concluded : “ On paper the U.S. strategy is very generous .
But that generosity on paper is meaningless if it doesn ’ t @ @ @ @ @ @ @ s pockets when they need it.
” This article originally appeared on Zero Hedge .

By Tyler Durden
Almost 33% of unemployment benefits that have been applied for as a result of coronavirus-related job losses have still not been paid. This is despite the fact that the Treasury has disbursed $146 billion in benefits in three months through May, which is more than all of 2009.
Recall, policymakers responded to the virus outbreak by offering $600 per week more in unemployment than usual. The goal was to keep people home and prevent the virus from spreading.
But this number still isn’t enough: the total amount owed to Americans during the same period was $214 billion, according to Bloomberg:
The Treasury reports its unemployment disbursements daily. Bloomberg’s calculation of what should have been paid is based on continuing claims for benefits, including those filed under a special program that widened the safety net to include contractors and gig workers. (It assumes filings for missing weeks in May will be in line with the average in preceding weeks). Those claims were multiplied by the weekly unemployment benefit, using the $378 state average plus the $600 boost that’s due to expire at the end of July.
The $67 billion difference is proof positive that emergency efforts to boost and disburse payments are falling short.
Jay Shambaugh, an economist at Brookings Institution, said: “There’s a lot more money that should have gone out that has not gone out.”
More than 40 million people have filed for unemployment amidst the economic shutdown. This includes 7.8 million people claiming under the Pandemic Unemployment Assistance program for independent contractors. And the lack of payments are coming at the worst possible time, as racial tensions have gripped the nation and widespread rioting and looting is taking place.
At the same time, economists believe another 1.8 million people filed for unemployment last week and that Friday’s numbers will show a jobless rate of 19.5%, the highest since the Great Depression.
Bob Radcliffe, who lives in Morristown, New Jersey filed for unemployment in March and is now owed almost $15,000. He has four children under eight and says he hasn’t received any benefits yet. He is taking his bank up on a three-month mortgage forbearance to survive.
“I’ve had money to live. I’m not a desperate case. But I’m running out,” he said.
The Labor Department dispute’s Bloomberg’s use of its weekly claims report to extrapolate its data, stating: “It is also challenging to use these numbers because states are struggling to keep up with demand and some have backlogs they are working through.”
Meanwhile, Bloomberg thinks it has underestimated the amount owed to Americans.
Texas, for example, has a backlog of 650,000 claims. The state has seen more than 2.6 million claims filed since March. The state has added to its staffing by redeploying other workers, but attention has also been drawn to helping people find jobs and re-opening the state. 20% of workers in the state’s oil and gas industry have filed for unemployment.
And a failure to extend benefits nationwide could prolong the crisis, according to Diane Swonk, chief economist at Grant Thornton LLP. While the $1,200 benefits have momentarily helped families pay for rent or initial food bills, it also amounts to a little more than a week’s pay for many.
Swonk said: “We’re really talking about an economy that is going to be operating at a fraction of its capacity for a long period of time.”
Ernie Tedeschi, a former U.S. Treasury economist now at Evercore ISI concluded: “On paper the U.S. strategy is very generous. But that generosity on paper is meaningless if it doesn’t translate into actual money in people’s pockets when they need it.”
This article originally appeared on Zero Hedge.
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Author: Thanks for being a reader of this site. Your contributions make this all possible. You can send support to: Kyle Hunt, PO Box 1052, Sorrento FL 32776. Bitcoin address: 1AfppjYZddJzc2C15PXKMsnyBPjPJQezwA . CashApp: Thanks for being a reader of this site. Your contributions make this all possible. You can send support to: Kyle Hunt, PO Box 1052, Sorrento FL 32776. Bitcoin address: 1AfppjYZddJzc2C15PXKMsnyBPjPJQezwA . CashApp: https://cash.app/$thekylehunt