bbc--2020-07-28--MacKenzie Scott donates $1.7bn since Amazon boss divorce

MacKenzie Scott , Amazon boss Jeff Bezos 's ex-wife , says that she has given $ 1.7bn ( £1.3bn ) to charity to date .
She has made donations to historically black US colleges , climate change groups and health organisations .
Ms Scott posted about the gifts on social media , also saying that she has changed her surname from Bezos .
She is the second-richest woman in the world , with a fortune of more than $ 62bn , according to Forbes .
She and Mr Bezos divorced last year .
The novelist , who married Mr Bezos @ @ @ @ @ @ @ was one of the firm 's first employees , received a 4 % stake after the split .
Shortly after announcing the divorce , Ms Scott signed the Giving Pledge , joining a campaign founded by billionaire investor Warren Buffett and ex-Microsoft boss Bill Gates and his wife Melinda .
It commits the wealthy to give away the majority of their fortunes to charity .
Ms Scott said she had `` watched the first half of 2020 with a mixture of heartbreak and horror '' and was providing a update on the donations @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the coronavirus pandemic .
`` My own reflection after recent events revealed a dividend of privilege I 'd been overlooking : the attention I can call to organizations and leaders driving change , '' she wrote in a blog post on Medium .
Ms Scott 's announcement comes the day before Mr Bezos is scheduled to testify before US lawmakers in Washington .
The hearing is part of a wider investigation into the power held by tech giants , including Amazon , Google and Facebook .
Amazon in particular has been under fire @ @ @ @ @ @ @ own staff , over its environmental record and coronavirus safety measures .
The online giant has faced calls to be broken up , including from Tesla boss Elon Musk .
Mr Bezos , the richest man in the world , has also been subject to personal criticism for not giving away more of his wealth .
In 2018 , he established a charitable fund with a starting pledge of $ 2bn .
This year , he committed $ 10bn to fight climate change and $ 100m to hunger relief fund , Feeding America @ @ @ @ @ @ @ The richest person in the world He has not joined the Giving Pledge .
As well as Ms Scott , other signatories include Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg and wife Priscilla Chan , Elon Musk and eBay founder Pierre Omidyar and wife Pam .
Ms Scott said she had given more than $ 586,000,000 to racial justice organisations and $ 399,500,000 to groups aimed at advancing economic mobility .
Other causes included gender equality , global development and LGBTQ equality .
The list of organisations includes those linked to former US presidents Barack Obama @ @ @ @ @ @ @ advocacy group One Fair Wage , and other non-profits such as Black Girls Who Code .
The $ 20m gift to Tuskegee University , a historically black college , is the largest in the school 's history , president Lily McNair said .
`` There 's no question in my mind that anyone 's personal wealth is the product of a collective effort , and of social structures which present opportunities to some people , and obstacles to countless others , '' Ms Scott wrote in a blog post on Medium .
The @ @ @ @ @ @ @ our good fortune in change , no matter what form our good fortune has taken '' , she added .
Ms Scott 's approach differs from that of many other high-profile billionaires , said Brian Mittendorf , a professor at Ohio State University , who researches charity finances .
He said announcements are often built up in advance , with new organisations that can be slow responsible for distributing funds .
`` If the goal of doing this was to generate publicity , you would n't have done it the way she did @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the goal was to generate impact ... this looks like a pretty good way of doing it . ''
The donations come at a time of need as many charities are seeing a spike in demand due to the pandemic as gifts from smaller donors are declining , Prof. Mittendorf said .
The list of recipients suggests Ms Scott is trying to address root causes of inequality and racial injustice - priorities that are `` more typical '' of female than male donors , said Una Osili , a professor of economics and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ School of Philanthropy .
The effort to promote a diverse group of organisations - both big and small , led by people of colour and women , also stands out , she said .

"If the goal of doing this was to generate publicity, you wouldn't have done it the way she did," he said. "If the goal was to generate impact... this looks like a pretty good way of doing it."


bbc--2020-07-28--Emmy Awards 2020: Watchmen leads the way with 26 nominations

HBO 's superhero series Watchmen leads the way at this year 's Emmy Awards , with 26 nominations overall .
The show , which starred Regina King , has been recognised despite plans for a second series being scrapped .
Comedy drama The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel scored 20 nominations , while Ozark and Succession have 18 each .
British nominees this year include Killing Eve 's Jodie Comer and The Crown 's Olivia Colman - who are both up for best actress in a drama series .
Irish actor Paul Mescal , star of BBC Three 's Normal people , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ limited series .
Three Brits are nominated for best supporting actress in a drama - Helena Bonham Carter ( The Crown ) , Thandie Newton ( Westworld ) and Fiona Shaw ( Killing Eve ) .
Shows with the most nominations Fleabag creator Phoebe Waller Bridge is nominated for guest actress in a comedy series after hosting an episode of Saturday Night Live .
Her former co-star Andrew Scott is up for outstanding guest actor in a drama series , for his performance in an episode of Black Mirror .
Scottish actor Brian @ @ @ @ @ @ @ in Succession - where he plays Logan Roy , a harsh and vindictive media baron .
Fellow Brits Matthew Macfadyen and Harriet Walter are also recognised for their performances in the satirical drama , which was created by British writer Jesse Armstrong ( Peep Show , Fresh Meat ) .
Netflix has the most nominations , with 160 in total .
It 's the second time it has beaten its rival HBO , which has 107 this year .
HBO suffered from the absence of a former Emmys favourite Game of Thrones , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ season .
Comedy series Schitt 's Creek , which recently ended after six seasons , scored 15 nominations , including best actress in a comedy series for Catherine O'Hara .
The Morning Show - which is one of the first original series to be produced by Apple TV - also scored several major acting nominations .
Jennifer Aniston , Steve Carrell , Mark Duplass and Billy Crudup were all recognised - but Reese Witherspoon , who is also an executive producer on the show , missed out .
Star Wars spin-off The Mandalorian @ @ @ @ @ @ @ recently-launched Disney Plus , scored 15 nominations .
Primetime sitcom Modern Family - which has previously scooped 22 Emmy Awards ( from 80 nominations ) - only added three nominations for its final season this year .
Watchmen , the most nominated show of the year , is an innovative reimagining of a superhero graphic novel that tackled racism in America .
It won a loyal following and critical acclaim last year during its nine-episode run .
But its creator Damon Lindelof did not want to produce a second series .
He gave @ @ @ @ @ @ @ one without him , but the network declined to do so .
The show 's nominations include English actor Jeremy Irons for lead actor in a limited series .
Succession , which has 18 nominations , follows the dysfunctional Roy family , owners of a global media empire .
They fight for control of the company when faced with uncertainty over the health of the family 's patriarch , Logan Roy .
Crime drama Ozark , also nominated for 18 awards , sees a married couple relocate their family after a money laundering @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 's Creek has 15 nominations this year , including acting nods for each of its four main stars .
The show tells the story of a formerly-rich family who suddenly go bankrupt .
Their only remaining asset is the small and ugly town they once bought as a joke - where they now have to live in a motel .
The build-up to this year 's nominations was disrupted by the coronavirus pandemic and the announcement took place virtually , with comedian Leslie Jones hosting .
The winners are scheduled to be announced @ @ @ @ @ @ @ by ABC and hosted by Jimmy Kimmel .
The Emmys are the biggest night in US TV and recognise excellence in the medium .
Previous winners of multiple Emmys , such as Game of Thrones , Veep and Fleabag were out of the competition this year with their series having ended , leaving way for newcomers in the drama and comedy categories , a rarity for a night that is usually filled with repeat champions .
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But its creator Damon Lindelof did not want to produce a second series. He gave his blessing for HBO to make another one without him, but the network declined to do so.


bbc--2020-07-28--Donald Trump Jr suspended from tweeting after Covid post

Twitter has banned the US president 's eldest son from tweeting for 12 hours .
The action followed a post by Donald Trump Jr containing a video clip discussing the benefits of hydroxychloroquine .
Some , including President Trump , have suggested the anti-malaria drug works as a preventative measure against coronavirus , despite medical studies that indicate the contrary .
Twitter said the post had violated its Covid-19 misinformation rules .
Donald Trump Jr will still be able to browse Twitter and send direct messages in the interim .
Twitter told the BBC : `` We are taking action @ @ @ @ @ @ @ The main US social media sites have all taken measures to crack down on misinformation about the coronavirus .
Andy Surabian , a spokesman for Donald Trump Jr told the BBC the decision had been `` beyond the pale '' .
`` Twitter suspending Don Jr for sharing a viral video of medical professionals discussing their views on hydroxychloroquine is further proof that big tech is intent on killing free expression online , and is another instance of them committing election interference to stifle Republican voices , '' he said .
`` While @ @ @ @ @ @ @ medical community about the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in treating coronavirus , there have been studies reported by mainstream outlets like CNN , suggesting that it may in fact by an effective treatment .
`` Those pretending otherwise are lying for political reasons . ''
This is the latest move by Twitter to crack down on coronavirus misinformation - and the latest escalation in its clash with President Trump and his allies .
This latest step to restrict the account of the President 's son will no doubt add fuel to the fire , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ President 's supporters .
Misleading , harmful claims about hydroxychloroquine have been promoted by public figures and politicians throughout the pandemic .
Discussions about the drug have become just as polarised as the ongoing debate about masks that is happening online .
The video shared by Donald Trump Jr yesterday was emblematic of this , featuring people claiming to be doctors who support Trump .
They suggested that studies indicating the drug was not effective were `` fake science '' .
With pressure mounting on social media sites to act more quickly and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ perhaps should not come as a surprise .
But Twitter has not flagged claims the US President has made about hydroxychlorquine himself .
Where it opts to draw the line will be a difficult - and politicised - decision .
In signs that the conflict between Trump and Twitter is not abating , the President has asked the National Telecommunications and Information Administration to file a petition to look at how social media companies moderate content .
The petition asks the Federal Communications Commission to reconsider rules that shield social media providers from @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , but still let them remove posts they deem to be objectionable .

"While there is indeed much disagreement in the medical community about the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in treating coronavirus, there have been studies reported by mainstream outlets like CNN, suggesting that it may in fact by an effective treatment.


bbc--2020-07-28--US Attorney General defends deploying federal agents to Portland

US Attorney General William Barr has defended the deployment of federal agents to cities , saying they are needed to counter violent rioters .
In heated testimony to Congress , Mr Barr said protesters in Portland , Oregon , are committing `` an assault on the government of the United States '' .
The Democrat-led hearing covered a wide range of controversial actions from Mr Barr 's Department of Justice ( DOJ ) .
This was Mr Barr 's first committee testimony in his 17 months on the job .
Portland has been the scene of 61 consecutive nights of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the killing of an unarmed black man , George Floyd , by police in May .
House Judiciary Committee Chairman Jerrold Nadler was among the Democrats to accuse the DOJ of sending agents to an ongoing protest at a federal courthouse in Portland - as well other cities in an action dubbed `` Operation Legend '' by the White House - to aid Mr Trump 's 2020 re-election campaign .
Several mayors of major US cities have told the federal government to immediately withdraw from the targeted cities .
• Democrats seek ban @ @ @ @ @ @ @ The president wants footage for his campaign ads and you appear to be serving it up to him as ordered , '' Mr Nadler said at the end of his five minutes of questioning .
`` Now you are projecting fear and violence nationwide in pursuit of obvious political objectives .
Shame on you Mr Barr .
Shame on you . ''
The committee 's top Republican Jim Jordan played an eight-minute video montage of news reports showing protesters violently clashing with police during ongoing nationwide protests against racism and police brutality .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ '' Mr Barr told the committee .
`` We are not out looking for trouble , '' he said , adding that federal police are not attempting to `` suppress demonstrators '' .
Democrats on the House Judiciary Committee have been trying for more than a year to get Attorney General Bill Barr to testify before them , going so far as to cite him for contempt of Congress for ignoring an earlier subpoena .
They finally got their wish on Tuesday , but many seemed more interested in talking than getting Barr @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the problem was the typically truncated format of the proceedings , allowing members of Congress only five minutes each for questioning .
Another was the breadth of topics Democrats tried to cover - including allegations of institutional racism in law enforcement , the use of federal officers to confront protesters in US cities , the handling of the Mueller investigation and Barr 's involvement in high-profile Justice Department prosecutions .
An organised strategy might have been able to tick through these questions in a methodical way .
This was not that .
Some @ @ @ @ @ @ @ on the Roger Stone pardon and Ted Lieu on protester detention by federal officers , succeeded in engaging the attorney general in a meaningful fashion .
Pressure in occasional five-minute bursts , however , did little to dispel the perception that the day 's hearings generated more heat than light .
`` In the wake of George Floyd 's death , violent rioters and anarchists have hijacked legitimate protests to wreak senseless havoc and destruction on innocent victims , '' said Mr Barr .
He also defended the controversial 1 June clearing of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ allowed Mr Trump to hold a photo op at a church , and the prosecutions of Trump associates that have been criticised as lenient .
More about the Portland protests • Does Trump have the right to send in federal forces ?

Part of the problem was the typically truncated format of the proceedings, allowing members of Congress only five minutes each for questioning. Another was the breadth of topics Democrats tried to cover - including allegations of institutional racism in law enforcement, the use of federal officers to confront protesters in US cities, the handling of the Mueller investigation and Barr's involvement in high-profile Justice Department prosecutions.


bbc--2020-07-28--Rodney King: Camera that captured 1991 beating to be auctioned

The camera used to film the beating of Rodney King by Los Angeles police in 1991 , a case that triggered deadly race riots , is to be auctioned this week .
Nate D Sanders Auctions in LA will take bids for the Sony Video8 Handycam on Thursday .
The police brutality against King was filmed on the camera by bystander George Holliday .
The beating left King with brain damage , but the white officers involved were acquitted a year later .
The case had a profound effect on race relations and the use of force by police in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of the beating , filmed from the balcony of his apartment , is considered to be the first viral video of policy brutality and an early example of citizen journalism .
The footage foreshadowed the use of mobile phones to record police abuse , as seen in the recent death of African-American George Floyd in custody .
• Why I decided not to watch Floyd 's video Bidding for Mr Holliday 's camera will begin at $ 225,000 ( £174,948 ) , the auction house said .
`` I hope this video camera @ @ @ @ @ @ @ record events that they find troubling .
Do n't be afraid to use it , '' Mr Holliday , a self-employed plumber , told the auction house .
The camera comes with a notarised letter of authenticity by Mr Holliday .
The batteries have been removed to protect the camera , which is no longer functional but remains in good condition otherwise .
The tape of King 's beating is not included .
King , then a construction worker , was stopped for speeding on a dark street in LA on 3 March @ @ @ @ @ @ @ who pulled him over hit him dozens of times with their batons , kicked him and shot him with stun guns .
Unbeknown to the officers , Mr Holliday filmed the beating and shared the tape with a local TV station , whipping up national and global outrage .
The four officers were later tried on charges of use of excessive force , but none of them were convicted .
The rioting that gripped LA in the wake of the not-guilty verdicts went on for days , leaving 50 people dead and causing @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
King went on television three days into the rioting to call for calm , pleading that everyone `` just get along '' .
Years later , he said he wanted that statement to be his legacy .
In 2012 , King told the Los Angeles Times that while he had come to terms with his broader legacy , dealing with the past had not been easy .
`` I sometimes feel like I 'm caught in a vice , '' he said .
`` Some people feel like I 'm some kind @ @ @ @ @ @ @ They say I deserved it .
Other people , I can hear them mocking me for when I called for an end to the destruction , like I 'm a fool for believing in peace . ''
In an interview with El País in 2017 , Mr Holliday said he bumped into King at a petrol station about a year after the riots , having never spoken to him .
`` He [ King ] said to me , 'You saved my life . '
I did n't know what to say .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ '' Mr Holliday said .
King died at the age of 47 in 2012 .
His death was ruled an accidental drowning , after his fiancée discovered his body at the bottom of a swimming pool .
What impact did the case have ?
While the use of excessive force was not uncommon , what made the King beating unusual is that it was captured on camera .
Broadcast on TV screens globally , the graphic footage shocked the world , leading to calls for police reform to root out racism and the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Angeles Police Department ( LAPD ) was forced to change after the King case , which highlighted widespread racism in the largely white , male force .
It was not uncommon for officers to describe African-Americans as `` monkeys '' and `` gorillas '' , and some police bragged over their patrol car radios about beating suspects .
A commission , led by future US Secretary of State Warren Christopher , was set up to investigate the LAPD and its practices .
It recommended boosting multiculturalism in the police force and the LAPD @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of policing .
The video of King 's beating ushered in the modern era of citizenship journalism , where bystanders film incidents of police brutality and share them online .
It also laid the groundwork for the anti-police brutality movements , such as Black Lives Matter , which has led racial-justice protests around the world in 2020 .

"I sometimes feel like I'm caught in a vice," he said. "Some people feel like I'm some kind of hero. Others hate me. They say I deserved it. Other people, I can hear them mocking me for when I called for an end to the destruction, like I'm a fool for believing in peace."


bbc--2020-07-28--Coronavirus: Scaled back Hajj pilgrimage due to start in Saudi Arabia

The annual Hajj pilgrimage usually performed by Muslims around the world begins on Wednesday , dramatically scaled back because of coronavirus .
Saudi Arabia has banned international visitors from making the journey to Mecca , to try to curb the pandemic .
Only citizens from other countries who are already resident in the kingdom will be allowed to attend this year .
About two million people normally participate , but this year no more than 10,000 are expected to attend .
• Listen : Saudi ’ s missing pilgrims cause firms to go bust Those allowed to take part in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ temperature checks and virus tests as they began arriving in Mecca at the weekend , the AFP news agency reports .
Worshippers will also have to quarantine before and after the pilgrimage , AFP reports .
In an interview with Saudi-funded al-Arabiya TV earlier this week , Minister for Pilgrimage Affairs Mohammed Saleh Binten said pilgrims were being quarantined in their homes before a further four days of quarantine in hotels in Mecca .
Of those taking part , 30 % are said to be Saudi citizens while the remainder are non-Saudis resident @ @ @ @ @ @ @ recorded more than 270,000 cases with nearly 3,000 deaths , one of the largest outbreaks in the Middle East .
The country only lifted a nationwide lockdown last month .
Tough restrictions to tackle the spread of infections came into force in March , including 24-hour curfews in most towns and cities .
What is the Hajj ?
Making the pilgrimage at least once is one of the Five Pillars of Islam - the five obligations that every Muslim , who is in good health and can afford it , must satisfy in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ life , according to Islam .
Pilgrims gather in Mecca to stand before the structure known as the Kaaba , praising Allah ( God ) together .
They perform other acts of worship too , renewing their sense of purpose in the world .
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Making the pilgrimage at least once is one of the Five Pillars of Islam - the five obligations that every Muslim, who is in good health and can afford it, must satisfy in order to live a good and responsible life, according to Islam.


bbc--2020-07-28--Coronavirus: Hong Kong implements strict measures amid new cases

Hong Kong is introducing some of its toughest measures yet to control the coronavirus , following a sustained peak in new cases .
From Wednesday , dining in restaurants is banned and only two people from different households can meet each other .
Face masks must also be worn in all public places .
Hong Kong , which had seen early success against Covid-19 , is now regularly reporting over 100 new daily cases .
Restrictions have been progressively tightened again this month with bars , gyms and beauty parlours already closed .
• HK Disneyland to close one month @ @ @ @ @ @ @ coronavirus cases on Tuesday and reported its 23rd overall death .
A record 145 cases were recorded on Monday .
`` There is no place for complacency at the moment .
We still have to observe the trend , '' said Dr Chuang Shuk-kwan , head of the communicable disease branch at the Centre for Health Protection , the South China Morning Post reported .
`` We have not seen an exponential growth [ in infections ] yet , but the figures are still worrying . ''
The latest person to die from @ @ @ @ @ @ @ care home where at least 45 infections have been recorded .
Local scientists have voiced fears that a strain of the virus circulating in Hong Kong could cause greater damage .
It is said to have not mutated for at least 22 days , meaning it could have adapted well to humans , becoming easier to transmit .
The new measures come amid local media reports that elections to Hong Kong 's parliament - the Legislative Council - could be postponed by a year .
News outlets HK01 , Hong Kong Economic Times @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the decision , which is yet to be formally announced , because of coronavirus concerns .

No dining-in is allowed in restaurants for a week as part of new stringent social distancing measures. The city is battling a new wave that has seen more than 100 new cases for eight days in a row. In total, Hong Kong has recorded 3,002 cases with 24 deaths.


bbc--2020-07-28--Mick Jagger and Lorde urge politicians to get permission for campaign songs

Mick Jagger , Lorde , Sia and Blondie are among the artists demanding that US politicians seek permission before playing their songs at rallies .
They 're among more than 50 acts who 've signed an open letter calling for new rules on how their music is used .
The letter calls on Democrats and Republicans to `` establish clear policies requiring campaigns to seek consent '' from songwriters and artists .
Campaign music has been a heated topic throughout the 2016 and 2020 elections .
Artists including Rihanna , Adele , The Rolling Stones , Panic !
At The @ @ @ @ @ @ @ asked the President Trump to stop using their music at his rallies , with some threatening legal action .
• Rolling Stones warn Trump not to use their songs Technically , US copyright laws give politicians carte blanche to use recorded music at their rallies - as long as the venue has a public performance licence issued through a songwriters ' association such as ASCAP or BMI .
However , there is some leeway for an artist to complain their image and reputation is being damaged by the repeated use of a song @ @ @ @ @ @ @ letter , organised by the Artist Rights Coalition ( ARA ) , addresses that point in its third paragraph .
`` Being dragged unwillingly into politics in this way can compromise an artist 's personal values while disappointing and alienating fans - with great moral and economic cost , '' it says .
`` For artists that do choose to engage politically in campaigns or other contexts , this kind of unauthorised public use confuses their message and undermines their effectiveness .
`` Music tells powerful stories and drives emotional connection and engagement @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , after all !
But doing so without permission siphons away that value . ''
The ARA directs its letter at six political campaign organisations : the Republican and Democratic National , Congressional , and Senatorial committees .
`` As artists , activists , and citizens , we ask you to pledge that all candidates you support will seek consent from featured recording artists and songwriters before using their music in campaign and political settings , '' it says .
`` This is the only way to effectively protect your candidates from legal @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the moral quagmire that comes from falsely claiming or implying an artist 's support or distorting an artists ' expression in such a high stakes public way . ''
The signatories have requested that political parties respond by 10 August , explaining how they plan to `` accomplish these changes '' .
Among the stars endorsing the campaign are Sheryl Crow , Cyndi Lauper , REM , Alanis Morrisette , T Bone Burnett , Aerosmith and the estate of Nirvana frontman Kurt Cobain .
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"As artists, activists, and citizens, we ask you to pledge that all candidates you support will seek consent from featured recording artists and songwriters before using their music in campaign and political settings," it says.


bbc--2020-07-28--Iter: World's largest nuclear fusion project begins assembly

The world 's biggest nuclear fusion project has entered its five-year assembly phase .
After this is finished , the facility will be able to start generating the super-hot `` plasma '' required for fusion power .
The £18.2bn ( €20bn ; $ 23.5bn ) facility has been under construction in Saint-Paul-lez-Durance , southern France .
Advocates say fusion could be a source of clean , unlimited power that would help tackle the climate crisis .
Iter is a collaboration between China , the European Union , India , Japan , South Korea , Russia and the US .
All @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
Current nuclear energy relies on fission , where a heavy chemical element is split to produce lighter ones .
Nuclear fusion , on the other hand , works by combining two light elements to make a heavier one .
• Nuclear fusion : ' A question of when , not if' This releases vast amounts of energy with very little radioactivity .
Iter will confine hot plasma within a structure called a tokamak in order to control fusion reactions .
The project will aim to help demonstrate whether fusion can be commercially @ @ @ @ @ @ @ said the effort would unite countries around a common good .
The facility could see plasma generated in the machine - a notional start to operations - shortly after the assembly phase ends in 2025 .
President Macron said : `` Iter is clearly an act of confidence in the future .
The greatest advances in history have always proceeded from daring bets , from journeys fraught with difficulty .
`` At the start it always seems that the obstacles will be greater than the will to create and progress .
Iter belongs @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ambition , with the idea that , thanks to science , tomorrow may indeed be better than yesterday . ''
Prof Ian Chapman , chief executive of the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority ( UKAEA ) , told BBC News : `` It 's a hugely exciting phase of the project to be in .
Most of us came to fusion to change the world - to make a massive difference to how we provide clean energy to future generations .
We all know that we need Iter to succeed . ''
`` @ @ @ @ @ @ @ five years .
That will only be a short plasma - lasting a few milliseconds - demonstrating all the magnets work .
Then there will have to be a further stage of assembly of some of the other components ...
Nevertheless it 's ticking off milestones on that path to demonstrating fusion at the commercial scale . ''
Prof Chapman leads Britain 's magnetic confinement fusion research programme at the Culham Centre for Fusion Energy ( CCFE ) , which operates the Joint European Torus , or Jet , research facility .
Iter @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a scaled-up version of Jet 's .
But fusion power has its sceptics .
Making it commercially viable has been difficult because scientists have struggled to get enough energy out of the reactions .
Advocates believe Iter can overcome the technical hurdles and that , given the planetary challenges being faced , fusion is worth the expense and effort .
The UK is a member of the Iter project but is set to fall out , because the British government withdrew from the Euratom treaty as part of Brexit .
The UK could @ @ @ @ @ @ @ found to maintain its involvement by the end of the Brexit transition .
But Jet will continue operating for the time being .
`` We signed a contract with the European Commission to continue operation of Jet last year , which notably does n't have a Brexit clause in it . ''
The contract covers experiments next year with deuterium and tritium fuel - the same variants of hydrogen that will eventually power Iter 's fusion reactions .
Beyond that , Prof Chapman and colleagues are discussing an extension that will keep Jet @ @ @ @

"We hope to see first plasma in five years. That will only be a short plasma - lasting a few milliseconds - demonstrating all the magnets work. Then there will have to be a further stage of assembly of some of the other components... Nevertheless it's ticking off milestones on that path to demonstrating fusion at the commercial scale."


bbc--2020-07-28--Coronavirus: Boris Johnson warns of Europe 'second wave' amid Spain row

Boris Johnson has warned there are signs of a `` second wave '' of coronavirus in Europe , as he defended a 14-day quarantine on travellers from Spain .
The PM said the government had to be `` swift '' - and hinted at further action against other countries if necessary .
But airline Jet2 said information from the government was `` contradictory and often comes with little or no notice '' .
It comes after the Spanish prime minister called the UK 's decision to change the rules for Spain `` unjust '' .
Pedro Sánchez said tourists in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ from coronavirus than in the UK .
The UK is advising against all non-essential travel to Spain , including the Balearic and Canary Islands .
It also removed Spain and its islands from the list of countries that are exempt from the 14-day quarantine rule .
Mr Johnson said it was up to individuals to decide whether they wanted to take the risk of travelling during the pandemic .
`` These are decisions for families , for individuals , about where they want to go , '' he said .
Meanwhile , Germany @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of Spain .
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Speaking during a visit to Nottinghamshire , the PM said : `` What we have to do is take swift and decisive action where we think that the risks are starting to bubble up again .
`` Let 's be absolutely clear about what 's happening in Europe , amongst some of our European friends , I 'm afraid you @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the signs of a second wave of the pandemic . ''
It came as the UK reported a further 119 coronavirus deaths - taking the official number of deaths so far to 45,878 - but the daily figure is typically higher on Tuesdays due to delays in reporting deaths at the weekend .
An additional 581 positive cases have also been reported across the UK , a small dip on recent days .
Asked about reports in the Daily Telegraph that the 14-day period could be reduced , Mr Johnson said : `` @ @ @ @ @ @ @ which we can mitigate the impact of the quarantine .
`` At the moment you have got to stick with the guidance that we are giving , we have given the guidance now about Spain and about some other places around the world . ''
When asked whether the 14-day quarantine period could be cut , transport minister Baroness Vere said the government was `` looking at a range of options '' including `` testing people on certain days '' after they arrive .
Ministers are also `` certainly looking '' at the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ rather than whole countries , she said during an urgent question in the House of Lords .
Travel industry sources later told the BBC the government was close to backing a trial of double-testing arrivals from at-risk countries - allowing those who test negative twice a few days apart to leave quarantine early .
Mr Johnson said if the UK did see signs of a second wave in other countries , it was the government 's duty to stop travellers returning and spreading the disease .
`` It 's vital that when people @ @ @ @ @ @ @ they are coming back from a place where I 'm afraid there is another outbreak , they must go into quarantine , '' he said .
`` That 's why we have taken the action that we have and we will continue , throughout the summer , to take such action where it is necessary . ''
Scottish First Minister Nicola Sturgeon echoed Mr Johnson 's concerns , saying `` we are currently seeing a worrying resurgence of Covid '' in European countries .
She warned potential travellers not to assume quarantine measures @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of booking a holiday as when they returned , adding : `` I would n't be booking a foreign holiday right now . ''
The Department of Health said there had been a handful of suspected cases this month where a person had tested positive for the coronavirus after returning to the UK from Spain .
But it added these were not a factor in evidence presented to ministers and that the decision to reintroduce a quarantine for arrivals from Spain was taken because of rising infection rates there .
In an interview @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 's Mr Sánchez said his government was `` talking with British authorities to try to get them to reconsider '' the decision .
He said the UK had made an `` error '' by considering the infection rate for the whole country .
He added that `` 64.5 % of the new cases registered are in two territories '' and in most of Spain the prevalence of Covid-19 was `` very much inferior to the numbers registered in the United Kingdom '' .
The rate of infection in Spain is 47.2 cases per @ @ @ @ @ @ @ at 15 , according to the latest figures from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control .
While the outbreak remains under control in many parts of Spain , certain areas - in particular Catalonia in the north-east , which includes the city Barcelona , and the neighbouring region of Aragón - have seen a huge spike in infections .
According to data from the Spanish government , as of Monday , the infection rates in the Balearic and Canary Islands were 9.22 and 7.06 per 100,000 respectively .
The same data @ @ @ @ @ @ @ includes Barcelona , was 132.4 per 100,000 , and 28.21 in Madrid .
On Tuesday , the UK government added Estonia , Latvia , Slovakia , Slovenia and St Vincent and the Grenadines to the list of countries which are exempt from the quarantine rule .
Travellers returning to the UK from anywhere not on the list - including Spain - must self-isolate for 14 days at a registered address .
People who do not self-isolate can be fined up to £1,000 in England , Wales and Northern Ireland and those returning to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ fines up to £5,000 for persistent offenders .
Government sources told the BBC that there are no plans to introduce testing at airports , and the priority is to get walk-in centres up and running .
Some travel agents say they are struggling to understand the logic of the UK government 's advice .
And MP Chris Bryant , who chairs the all-party parliamentary group for Spain , said : `` Why the Canaries - which are further away from Barcelona than Barcelona is to the UK - are on the list as @ @ @ @ @ @ @ do n't understand .
`` And there are many , many regions of Spain which have much lower infection rates than many areas in the UK .
I think this has been terribly badly handled . ''
• SOCIAL DISTANCING : What are the rules now ?
• BUBBLES : How do they work and who can be in yours ?
• JOBS : Can my boss force me to go to work ?
Labour said the government 's handling of the restrictions had been `` chaotic '' , and urged it to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ travel industry .
Holiday companies Jet2 and Tui were among those to announce sweeping flight cancellations following the UK announcement .
`` What we need now is clarity and consistency from the government , '' Jet2 said .
`` We want to provide customers , who work hard and save hard for their well-deserved holidays , with timely information and we need this from the government . ''
EasyJet , British Airways and Ryanair said they would continue to operate full schedules of flights to Spain , though EasyJet said its holidays would @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
• Sun , sea and sanitiser : What your holiday will be like Among the thousands affected by the change in travel advice and quarantine requirement was Jason Ward who was on holiday in Ibiza with his wife when he heard the rules had changed .
The couple , from Stevenage , in Hertfordshire , arrived on Saturday for a two-week holiday and now face having to self-isolate for the same amount of time when they return to the UK .
`` Both of us are key workers and have worked through @ @ @ @ @ @ @ BBC .
`` We feel safer here then back at home . ''
He called on ministers to `` remove the quarantine and allow the businesses here to have a chance to survive '' .
• 'GUIDED BY SCIENCE ' : A dangerous gamble with people ’ s lives or a sound scientific approach ?
• I MAY DESTROY YOU : The groundbreaking drama making headlines in lockdown Have your travel plans been affected due to the new government advice ?
Have you returned to the UK and are facing problems due to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Spain ?
Share your experiences by emailing haveyoursay @ bbc.co.uk .
Please include a contact number if you are willing to speak to a BBC journalist .
• Please read our terms & conditions and privacy policy

Have your travel plans been affected due to the new government advice? Have you returned to the UK and are facing problems due to quarantine? Are you still stranded in Spain? Share your experiences by emailing haveyoursay@bbc.co.uk.


bbc--2020-07-29--Tech giants Facebook, Google, Apple and Amazon to face Congress

Unprecedented is a dangerous word in journalism , but this really has n't happened before .
On Wednesday , four of the biggest names in tech will give evidence to members of the US Congress .
Mark Zuckerberg ( Facebook ) , Sundar Pichai ( Google ) , Tim Cook ( Apple ) and Jeff Bezos ( Amazon ) will all be grilled .
Jeff Bezos - the world 's richest man - has never testified before either house .
They have never all been quizzed together .
How these tech bosses do , how they stand up to scrutiny @ @ @ @ @ @ @ their future relationship with government .
Central to the interrogation will be whether these tech giants are simply too big .
The Covid pandemic has put this into sharp focus .
Where other companies have struggled , Big Tech companies have thrived .
Together they are now worth $ 5tn dollars .
It 's led to accusations that - just like the banks - they are simply too big to fail .
The number of complaints levelled at these companies are so numerous they are too many to name individually here .
Jeff @ @ @ @ @ @ @ on Tuesday .
`` At Amazon , customer obsession has made us what we are , and allowed us to do ever greater things , '' he says .
`` I know what Amazon could do when we were 10 people .
I know what we could do when we were 1,000 people , and when we were 10,000 people .
And I know what we can do today when we 're nearly a million . ''
`` ...
I believe Amazon should be scrutinized .
We should scrutinize all large institutions , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , or non-profits .
Our responsibility is to make sure we pass such scrutiny with flying colours , '' he later adds .
The general theme though is that these companies do n't just run services - they own the internet 's utilities .
The charge is that they use that commanding position unfairly at the expense of others .
Take one of the criticisms against Amazon , for example , that it promotes its own products over others on its Amazon marketplace .
Or Apple charging a 30 % cut on the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ App Store .
The complaint from app makers : where else do we go to sell our apps ?
Apple and Google ( which respectively own iOS and Android , the operating systems of almost all the world 's smartphones ) control the market , and so control who gets to play and who does n't .
And they of course get to set the charges .
Google too , with its dominant search engine , has been accused ( and fined ) before , for burying competitor searches .
Once again , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ should have such a commanding position in an essential part of our internet .
And there are general criticisms that can be levelled at all the tech giants too .
For example the alleged Copy/Acquire/Kill strategies that all four are accused of using .
Copy others ' ideas , buy a company that threatens you - and even potentially kill it off .
Is this just shrewd , albeit ruthless business ?
Or is this Big Tech flexing its muscle unfairly ?
Here 's why this has been such a difficult area to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ in this case `` anti-trust '' law - has been focused on consumer pricing .
In a typical monopoly or cartel , there 's a simple test .
Are consumers paying more because of a lack of competition ?
The US `` trusts '' of the early 20th Century - from which the anti-trust legislation derives its name - were found to be driving up prices .
Companies like Standard Oil and railway companies used their dominant position to hurt consumers .
That 's much harder to prove with these tech companies .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ are free .
Amazon often drives down prices to beat competition .
Google 's search engine is free .
YouTube - owned by Google - is free .
And apps on iPhones can often be downloaded for free .
That is the heart of the argument .
Critics say that these companies hurt consumers in a more subtle way , killing off smaller companies and strangling other businesses .
The charge is that they are in fact damaging the economy .
That 's what legislators are looking to examine .
Anti-trust campaigners have @ @ @ @ @ @ @ even begins .
They wanted to have the tech bosses grilled one by one .
`` We want to leave as little room as possible for them to hide behind each other , '' Sarah Miller , from the American Economics Liberties Project , told me last week .
But that 's not going to happen .
They 'll be questioned together and the hearing will - perhaps aptly - be virtual .
There are also worries that members of Congress will use the occasion to grandstand - to strut and preen - @ @ @ @ @ @ @ questions that might catch them out .
Off topic questions are also likely - particularly for Mark Zuckerberg .
For example , Facebook is currently the focus of an advertising boycott .
It 's accused of being too slow in removing racist and hateful content , and that could well be a line of questioning .
And of course , ahead of the US elections , Facebook should expect incoming from both Republican and Democratic members of Congress .
Democrats are generally concerned about far-right content on the platform , Republicans that the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ course there are still concerns of foreign interference .
Expect China to come up too - and for it to be brought up by the tech bosses .
With companies like TikTok and Huawei attracting the ire of the Trump administration , one defence will go something like : `` Break us up , overregulate us , and you give Chinese tech companies more power . ''
Trying to prize the four away from their scripts is going to be the toughest job .
That worked most effectively during Mr Zuckerberg 's interrogation @ @ @ @ @ @ @ that 's harder said than done .
Congress has a big opportunity here .
The chance to really cross-examine these powerful men does n't come often , and the evidence they give could shape their future relationship with government and their customers .
But whatever happens on Wednesday , this wo n't be end of the story .
Earlier this week , the Senate Judiciary Committee 's anti-trust panel said it would hold a hearing in September to discuss Google 's dominance in online advertising .

The complaint from app makers: where else do we go to sell our apps? Apple and Google (which respectively own iOS and Android, the operating systems of almost all the world's smartphones) control the market, and so control who gets to play and who doesn't. And they of course get to set the charges.


bbc--2020-07-28--Van Gogh: Postcard helps experts 'find location of final masterpiece'

A postcard has helped to find the probable spot where Vincent van Gogh painted what may have been his final masterpiece , art experts say .
The likely location for Tree Roots was found by Wouter van der Veen , the scientific director of the Institut Van Gogh .
He recognised similarities between the painting and a postcard dating from 1900 to 1910 .
The postcard shows trees on a bank near the French village of Auvers-sur-Oise .
The site is 150m ( 492ft ) from the Auberge Ravoux , the inn in the village , where Van Gogh stayed @ @ @ @ @ @ @ life in 1890 .
`` The similarities were very clear to me , '' said Mr Van der Veen , who had the revelation at his home in Strasbourg , France , during lockdown .
Mr Van der Veen presented his findings to Amsterdam 's Van Gogh Museum , whose researchers conducted a comparative study of the painting , postcard and the hillside .
The experts , senior researchers at the museum Louis van Tilborgh and Teio Meedendorp , concluded that it was `` highly plausible '' that the correct location had been @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the location identified by Van der Veen is highly likely to be the correct one and it is a remarkable discovery , '' Mr Meedendorp said .
`` On closer observation , the overgrowth on the postcard shows very clear similarities to the shape of the roots on Van Gogh 's painting .
That this is his last artwork renders it all the more exceptional , and even dramatic . ''
Mr Van der Veen visited the site to verify his theory in May 2020 , once coronavirus restrictions had been lifted in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Auvers-sur-Oise , a few miles north of Paris , on Tuesday to mark the discovery of the apparent location .
Emilie Gordenker , the general director of the Van Gogh Museum , and Willem van Gogh , the great-grandson of Vincent 's brother Theo , were in attendance to unveil a commemorative plaque at the site .
There has long been debate over which of Van Gogh 's paintings was his last .
In a letter Theo van Gogh 's brother-in-law , Andries Bonger , described how the artist `` had painted a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ life '' on `` the morning before his death '' .
That letter has been used to support the claim that Tree Roots was Van Gogh 's final work of art .
Based on his postcard theory , Mr Van der Veen believes Van Gogh may have been working on the painting just hours before his death .
Mr Van der Veen said : `` The sunlight painted by Van Gogh indicates that the last brush strokes were painted towards the end of the afternoon , which provides more information about the course @ @ @ @ @ @ @ suicide . ''
On 27 July 1890 , the troubled Dutch artist shot himself in the chest in Auvers-sur-Oise .
He died from his injuries a few days later .
At the time of his death , Tree Roots was not entirely completed .
• How Europe 's art world is unlocking its doors

Mr Van der Veen said: "The sunlight painted by Van Gogh indicates that the last brush strokes were painted towards the end of the afternoon, which provides more information about the course of this dramatic day ending in his suicide."


bbc--2020-07-28--Bringing Mars back to Earth

Bringing Mars back to Earth

A new rover built by Nasa and named Perseverance will land on Mars in February 2021 using the `` sky crane '' method .
A giant parachute and rocket motors will slow the mission 's descent before the rover is lowered to the surface using cables .
Perseverance - a six-wheeled robotic machine with 23 cameras and a drill - will seek signs of ancient life in a large crater Jezero .
It will collect rock and soil samples that look like they may have been altered by contact with microorganisms .
The rover will store its samples in metal @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the Martian surface to continue its mission .
Perserverance 's plutonium-based power supply could keep the rover trundling around Mars for 10 years or more .
Later this decade - after 2026 - a second , smaller rover , to be built by the European Space Agency ( Esa ) , will arrive on Mars .
This `` fetch rover '' will travel across the surface picking up the sample canisters left behind by Perseverance .
The canisters will be loaded into a protective container and placed into a small rocket - the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ will blast into the sky , placing the container into orbit around Mars .
The sample container will be met in orbit and caught by a European satellite .
This `` return orbiter '' will act like a cargo ship , bringing the precious rock and soil specimens back to Earth .
We do n't expect the satellite to arrive home until at least 2031 , by which time the sample container will have been packaged in a heavily protected capsule , to be sent into Earth 's atmosphere to land in North @ @ @ @ @ @ @ rocks and soil using advanced techniques , including some that have yet to be invented because there should be enough material to investigate for decades ahead .
The samples will shed light on Mars ' history and whether it has ever supported microbial lifeforms .

Animations on
A new rover built by Nasa and named Perseverance will land on Mars in February 2021 using the "sky crane" method. A giant parachute and rocket motors will slow the mission's descent before the rover is lowered to the surface using cables.
Perseverance - a six-wheeled robotic machine with 23 cameras and a drill - will seek signs of ancient life in a large crater called Jezero. It will collect rock and soil samples that look like they may have been altered by contact with micro-organisms.
The rover will store its samples in metal canisters - but leave them behind on the Martian surface to continue its mission. Perserverance's plutonium-based power supply could keep the rover trundling around Mars for 10 years or more.
Later this decade - after 2026 - a second, smaller rover, to be built by the European Space Agency (Esa), will arrive on Mars. This "fetch rover" will travel across the surface picking up the sample canisters left behind by Perseverance.
The canisters will be loaded into a protective container and placed into a small rocket - the Mars Ascent Vehicle or MAV. This will blast into the sky, placing the container into orbit around Mars.
The sample container will be met in orbit and caught by a European satellite. This "return orbiter" will act like a cargo ship, bringing the precious rock and soil specimens back to Earth.
We don't expect the satellite to arrive home until at least 2031, by which time the sample container will have been packaged in a heavily protected capsule, to be sent into Earth's atmosphere to land in North America.
Scientists will then study the rocks and soil using advanced techniques, including some that have yet to be invented because there should be enough material to investigate for decades ahead. The samples will shed light on Mars' history and whether it has ever supported microbial lifeforms.


bbc--2020-07-28--Pre-colonial communities’ history of gender fluidity

Some people in Western cultures say that gender is binary and divided into male and female , and that gender @ @ @ @ @ .
But this isn ’ t the case everywhere .
In Indian , Native American @ @ @ @ @ more fluid and has been for centuries .
The BBC ’ s Gender and Identity @ @ @ @ @ has been speaking to young people from these communities , who are taking to social @ @ @ @ @ to educate people about how gender identity is viewed in their culture .

Some people in Western cultures say that gender is binary and divided into male and female, and that gender fluidity is a recent phenomenon. But this isn’t the case everywhere.
In Indian, Native American and Aboriginal cultures gender is more fluid and has been for centuries.
The BBC’s Gender and Identity correspondent, Megha Mohan, has been speaking to young people from these communities, who are taking to social media in new ways, to educate people about how gender identity is viewed in their culture.
Reporter: Megha Mohan, Video Journalist: Olivia Le Poidevin, BBC Minute


bbc--2020-07-28--Trump on Dr Fauci's popularity: 'Nobody likes me'

'We ’ re still waiting at home for them to come back' Latinos represent 18 % of the total US @ @ @ @ @ third of Covid-19 cases .

'Nobody likes me, it can only be my personality' Video, 00:01:11'Nobody likes me, it can only be my personality'


bbc--2020-07-28--Should police be first to respond in a mental-health crisis?

A series of deaths has shone a spotlight on how police respond during a mental-health crisis .
Is there a better way ?
The last words Renee Korchinski-Beals spoke to her older sister Regis Korchinski-Paquet were `` I love you . ''
Miss Korchinski-Beals calls her sister her `` second mother '' .
`` She took care of me .
She was the one I would call if I needed somebody .
She was the first person I would call , '' she told the BBC .
Hours later , she learned her sister had died after falling off a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ apartment building in Toronto after police had been called to her apartment .
What happened between police arriving on the scene and Miss Korchinski-Paquet 's death is currently the subject of an investigation by the Toronto Police Service watchdog , the Special Investigation Unit ( SIU ) .
Her family says they called police because she needed help and was in a mental-health crisis ; It is not clear what prompted the call but Miss Korchinski-Paquet has had epileptic seizures for the past five years and she had two that day .
Her @ @ @ @ @ @ @ help get her daughter to the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health ( CAMH ) , the city 's main mental-health hospital .
Miss Korchinski-Paquet 's death was not an isolated case .
Between April and June , at least three other people of colour in distress were killed by police across Canada , including : In April , 26-year-old D'Andre Campbell was shot by Peel police , who had been called because of a `` domestic situation '' .
Mr Campbell 's family has said he suffered from mental-health problems .
In @ @ @ @ @ @ @ New Brunswick police while he was visiting his pastor , who says the 48-year-old was seeking help for mental-health issues .
Also in June , Peel police shot Ejaz Choudry after paramedics were called .
The 62-year-old man suffered from schizophrenia , according to his family , and had locked himself in his apartment with a knife .
Their deaths have inspired protests to end police violence in Canada as the Black Lives Matter movement gains support , and prompted calls - including from national mental-health leaders and politicians - to remove police @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
In a public letter , the leaders at CAMH , the largest mental-health hospital in the country , have urged for an alternative to police acting as mental-health first-responders , citing a lack of training and the potential for criminalising mental-health disorders .
`` Recent events have exposed the tragic outcomes that can occur when people with mental illness experience a crisis in the community , '' the letter read .
`` Racism and anti-Black racism compound these crisis interactions . ''
This sentiment is gaining traction within mainstream politics as well @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , California , search for alternatives to police during mental-health crises .
What do we know about fatal encounters with police ?
Overcrowded mental-health wards , long waiting lists to receive psychiatric care and a lack of community services mean that when someone is in distress , it is often police who are the first to respond , according a 2016 report by the Canadian Mental Health Association .
In Toronto , Canada 's most populous city , police get roughly 80 mental-health calls a day , or 30,000 out of 1 million @ @ @ @ @ @ @ fraction of those will be fatal .
These numbers only include calls identified as being mental-health related before police arrive .
The actual number of calls to police involving people in distress is likely higher .
But when police do kill , the victim is more likely to be suffering from mental illness .
A November 2016 study published in the American Journal of Preventative Medicine estimated that 20 % to 50 % of fatal encounters with law enforcement involved an individual with a mental illness .
What do we have now ?
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ created teams that partner police with mental-health workers .
Since 2014 , Toronto has had mobile crisis intervention teams ( MCIT ) made up of an officer and a nurse responding to mental-health crises .
These teams are trained to help de-escalate situations when people are in distress , and how to refer people to appropriate community and health services .
• 'My 30-year struggle with racism in the Metropolitan police' Similar models exist in cities like New York City and Los Angeles .
They do appear to have some success .
A @ @ @ @ @ @ @ were more likely to get people to go to hospital voluntarily , and injuries to clients , crisis responders , or others occurred in only 2 % of interactions .
But the programme has its limitations , says Vicky Stergiopoulos , one of the authors of the report on the MCIT programme and the Physician in Chief at CAMH .
She is now part of the team of doctors and staff at CAMH calling for police to be removed from the front lines .
She says the main issue with programmes like the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ still being used as first responders .
Currently , a uniformed police team arrives to the scene first , and only calls the MCIT team if they determine the person is in crisis and it is safe for the unarmed mental-health worker .
The officer that works with the mental-health worker is also uniformed .
`` If somebody needs emergency medical care they 're not met by police - they 're met by health providers - I think it should be the same for mental health care , '' Dr Stergiopoulos says .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ have encountered the MCIT team , she says they often felt threatened by the presence of uniformed officers and that can make it difficult for them to be honest about the problems they are facing .
Research has shown that uniformed police - with their weapons and handcuffs - can trigger paranoia and escalate a situation .
MCIT teams also only respond to about 20 % of the Toronto police 's mental-health calls .
In the case of Miss Korchinski-Paquet , the MCIT unit was not called in .
Toronto Police Chief Mark @ @ @ @ @ @ @ calls led them to believe she may have had a knife and been violent .
Her family 's lawyer , Knia Singh , says she did not have a knife and was not violent when police arrived , and that five to eight police officers entered her apartment shortly before her death .
The family believes the police response contributed to her death .
`` When you do n't know who to call , the first person you think is the police because they 're there to serve and protect .
Well they @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Miss Korchinski-Beals says .
What would an alternative look like ?
Perhaps the most radical approach is the one started in the town of Eugene , Oregon , about 30 years ago .
Since 1989 , White Bird Clinic has run a mobile crisis intervention programme called Cahoots that sends mental-health care workers and nurses to respond to calls involving people who may be in mental distress .
The programme has grown over the past 31 years from one van to three , expanded to cover both the town of Eugene and the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the past few years has become available 24 hours a day , seven days a week .
Police are only called in if the mental health team thinks there is a threat to their safety or the safety of the public .
Last year , out of a total of roughly 24,000 calls , police backup was requested only 150 times .
`` We 're making that contact as much as possible without police presence '' , says Tim Black , the operations coordinator for Cahoots .
He is critical of programmes like @ @ @ @ @ @ @ are only being called in after police arrive .
`` They 're only going out to situations where police have already responded and said 'oh yeah this is really bad , we need to send a clinician ' , '' he says .
• In Australia , volunteers trained in mental-health first aid help when people are in distress .
The model has been adopted around the globe • In Stockholm , Sweden , they have a mental-health ambulance to help people in crisis • In the Canadian province of British Columbia , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ work with clients with severe mental-health issues .
The teams are available 24/7 , but their caseload is small • North Yorkshire in the UK has mental-health street triage teams that provide on-the spot care Because the Cahoots programme has been running so long , and policing and mental health awareness have changed so much over the past three decades , Mr Black says it 's difficult to say whether the programme has reduced police fatalities - but fatalities are very low .
Proponents like to note that not only does it save @ @ @ @ @ @ @ $ 8.5m ( C $ 11.6m , £6.8m ) a year by taking on about 17 % of the police department 's overall call volume .
The programme 's budget is about $ 2.1m annually , while the combined annual budgets for the Eugene and Springfield police departments are $ 90m .
Other cities are taking note .
Olympia , Washington and Denver , Colorado have received training from Cahoots and are launching their own pilot programmes .
Portland , Oregon and Oakland , California are also looking into adopting similar programmes , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ yet .
What do police think ?
In Canada , police have pushed back at the idea of civilians being first responders .
Amid calls to defund the police , Royal Canadian Mounted Police ( RCMP ) Commissioner Brenda Lucki has said she 's in favour of more spending on social services but not if it means cutting from police services .
`` When a person is in crisis at 3 o'clock in the morning , when somebody 's wielding a knife and they 're suffering from a mental health crisis , that @ @ @ @ @ @ @ mental health practitioners , '' she said .
`` It 's time for the RCMP to go in , get that person calm , get them to a place of safety , and get them the help they need . ''
But the relationship between the police and police-free mental-health response teams does n't have to be adversarial , says Mr Brown , the Cahoots coordinator .
The programme works closely with the local police and team members do call police if they feel unsafe .
`` We are unarmed civilian responders , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ anything like that .
That means our one lifeline is that radio on our shoulders , '' Mr Black says .

Should police be first to respond in a mental-health crisis? Published 29 July 2020
Image source, Getty Images Image caption, Regis Korchinski-Paquet's death has sparked protests across the city as well as the hashtag #justiceforregis
A series of deaths has shone a spotlight on how police respond during a mental-health crisis. Is there a better way?
The last words Renee Korchinski-Beals spoke to her older sister Regis Korchinski-Paquet were "I love you."
Miss Korchinski-Beals calls her sister her "second mother".
"She took care of me. She was the one I would call if I needed somebody. She was the first person I would call," she told the BBC.
Hours later, she learned her sister had died after falling off a balcony on the 24th floor of her apartment building in Toronto after police had been called to her apartment.
What happened between police arriving on the scene and Miss Korchinski-Paquet's death is currently the subject of an investigation by the Toronto Police Service watchdog, the Special Investigation Unit (SIU).
Her family says they called police because she needed help and was in a mental-health crisis; It is not clear what prompted the call but Miss Korchinski-Paquet has had epileptic seizures for the past five years and she had two that day.
Her mother says she hoped an officer would help get her daughter to the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), the city's main mental-health hospital.
Miss Korchinski-Paquet's death was not an isolated case. Between April and June, at least three other people of colour in distress were killed by police across Canada, including:
In April, 26-year-old D'Andre Campbell was shot by Peel police, who had been called because of a "domestic situation". Mr Campbell's family has said he suffered from mental-health problems.
In June, Rodney Levi was killed by New Brunswick police while he was visiting his pastor, who says the 48-year-old was seeking help for mental-health issues.
Also in June, Peel police shot Ejaz Choudry after paramedics were called. The 62-year-old man suffered from schizophrenia, according to his family, and had locked himself in his apartment with a knife.
Their deaths have inspired protests to end police violence in Canada as the Black Lives Matter movement gains support, and prompted calls - including from national mental-health leaders and politicians - to remove police from the front lines of mental-health crises.
Image source, GoFundMe / Submitted photo Image caption, Ejaz Choudry, left, and Regis Korchinski-Paquet died less than four weeks apart in separate encounters with Toronto-area police while in distress
In a public letter, the leaders at CAMH, the largest mental-health hospital in the country, have urged for an alternative to police acting as mental-health first-responders, citing a lack of training and the potential for criminalising mental-health disorders.
"Recent events have exposed the tragic outcomes that can occur when people with mental illness experience a crisis in the community," the letter read. "Racism and anti-Black racism compound these crisis interactions."
This sentiment is gaining traction within mainstream politics as well, as cities from Toronto to Oakland, California, search for alternatives to police during mental-health crises.
What do we know about fatal encounters with police?
Overcrowded mental-health wards, long waiting lists to receive psychiatric care and a lack of community services mean that when someone is in distress, it is often police who are the first to respond, according a 2016 report by the Canadian Mental Health Association.
In Toronto, Canada's most populous city, police get roughly 80 mental-health calls a day, or 30,000 out of 1 million calls a year.
Only a small fraction of those will be fatal. These numbers only include calls identified as being mental-health related before police arrive. The actual number of calls to police involving people in distress is likely higher.
But when police do kill, the victim is more likely to be suffering from mental illness. A November 2016 study published in the American Journal of Preventative Medicine estimated that 20% to 50% of fatal encounters with law enforcement involved an individual with a mental illness.
What do we have now?
In response, many police departments have created teams that partner police with mental-health workers.
Since 2014, Toronto has had mobile crisis intervention teams (MCIT) made up of an officer and a nurse responding to mental-health crises.
These teams are trained to help de-escalate situations when people are in distress, and how to refer people to appropriate community and health services.
Similar models exist in cities like New York City and Los Angeles.
They do appear to have some success. A 2015 Toronto report found the MCIT teams were more likely to get people to go to hospital voluntarily, and injuries to clients, crisis responders, or others occurred in only 2% of interactions.
But the programme has its limitations, says Vicky Stergiopoulos, one of the authors of the report on the MCIT programme and the Physician in Chief at CAMH.
She is now part of the team of doctors and staff at CAMH calling for police to be removed from the front lines.
She says the main issue with programmes like the MCIT in Toronto are that police are still being used as first responders.
Currently, a uniformed police team arrives to the scene first, and only calls the MCIT team if they determine the person is in crisis and it is safe for the unarmed mental-health worker. The officer that works with the mental-health worker is also uniformed.
"If somebody needs emergency medical care they're not met by police - they're met by health providers - I think it should be the same for mental health care," Dr Stergiopoulos says.
In her own interviews with people who have encountered the MCIT team, she says they often felt threatened by the presence of uniformed officers and that can make it difficult for them to be honest about the problems they are facing. Research has shown that uniformed police - with their weapons and handcuffs - can trigger paranoia and escalate a situation.
MCIT teams also only respond to about 20% of the Toronto police's mental-health calls.
In the case of Miss Korchinski-Paquet, the MCIT unit was not called in. Toronto Police Chief Mark Saunders has said that is because emergency calls led them to believe she may have had a knife and been violent.
Image source, Getty Images Image caption, Regis Korchinski-Paquet's sister Renee Korchinski-Beals consoles their mother Claudette
Her family's lawyer, Knia Singh, says she did not have a knife and was not violent when police arrived, and that five to eight police officers entered her apartment shortly before her death.
The family believes the police response contributed to her death.
"When you don't know who to call, the first person you think is the police because they're there to serve and protect. Well they didn't protect my sister," Miss Korchinski-Beals says.
What would an alternative look like?
Perhaps the most radical approach is the one started in the town of Eugene, Oregon, about 30 years ago.
Since 1989, White Bird Clinic has run a mobile crisis intervention programme called Cahoots that sends mental-health care workers and nurses to respond to calls involving people who may be in mental distress.
The programme has grown over the past 31 years from one van to three, expanded to cover both the town of Eugene and the neighbouring city of Springfield, and in the past few years has become available 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
Police are only called in if the mental health team thinks there is a threat to their safety or the safety of the public.
Last year, out of a total of roughly 24,000 calls, police backup was requested only 150 times.
"We're making that contact as much as possible without police presence", says Tim Black, the operations coordinator for Cahoots.
He is critical of programmes like the one in Toronto where mental-health workers are only being called in after police arrive.
"They're only going out to situations where police have already responded and said 'oh yeah this is really bad, we need to send a clinician'," he says.
Crisis response around the world
In Australia, volunteers trained in mental-health first aid help when people are in distress. The model has been adopted around the globe
In Stockholm, Sweden, they have a mental-health ambulance to help people in crisis
In the Canadian province of British Columbia, specialized teams of health-care and social workers work with clients with severe mental-health issues. The teams are available 24/7, but their caseload is small
North Yorkshire in the UK has mental-health street triage teams that provide on-the spot care
Because the Cahoots programme has been running so long, and policing and mental health awareness have changed so much over the past three decades, Mr Black says it's difficult to say whether the programme has reduced police fatalities - but fatalities are very low.
Proponents like to note that not only does it save lives, but it saves an estimated $8.5m (C$11.6m, £6.8m) a year by taking on about 17% of the police department's overall call volume. The programme's budget is about $2.1m annually, while the combined annual budgets for the Eugene and Springfield police departments are $90m.
Other cities are taking note. Olympia, Washington and Denver, Colorado have received training from Cahoots and are launching their own pilot programmes. Portland, Oregon and Oakland, California are also looking into adopting similar programmes, although they are not off the ground yet.
What do police think?
In Canada, police have pushed back at the idea of civilians being first responders.
Amid calls to defund the police, Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) Commissioner Brenda Lucki has said she's in favour of more spending on social services but not if it means cutting from police services.
"When a person is in crisis at 3 o'clock in the morning, when somebody's wielding a knife and they're suffering from a mental health crisis, that is not the time to bring in mental health practitioners," she said. "It's time for the RCMP to go in, get that person calm, get them to a place of safety, and get them the help they need."
But the relationship between the police and police-free mental-health response teams doesn't have to be adversarial, says Mr Black, the Cahoots coordinator.
The programme works closely with the local police and team members do call police if they feel unsafe.


bbc--2020-07-28--Hydroxychloroquine: Why a video promoted by Trump was pulled on social media

The taking down of a viral video by social media companies has reignited a highly-charged controversy in the US over the use of the anti-malaria drug , hydroxychloroquine .
In the video , members of the group America 's Frontline Doctors promote it both as a preventative measure and as a cure for Covid-19 .
The World Health Organization ( WHO ) say `` there is currently no proof '' that hydroxychloroquine is effective as a treatment or prevents coronavirus .
The video was broadcast online by right-wing online platform Breitbart , viewed over 17 million times on Facebook .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ Donald Trump and many of his supporters .
The president 's son , Donald Jnr , was suspended from tweeting for 12 hours by Twitter after he posted it on his account .
What does the video claim ?
The video , a 45-minute livestream of the first day of a `` White Coat '' summit by the group , was posted to Facebook , Twitter and YouTube by Breitbart and quickly went viral .
`` The virus has a cure , it 's called hydroxychloroquine , zinc , and Zithromax , '' @ @ @ @ @ @ @ video .
`` You do n't need masks .
There is a cure .
I know they do n't want to open schools .
No , you do n't need people to be locked down .
There is prevention and there is a cure . ''
The Facebook video , as well as racking up millions of views , was shared nearly 600,000 times before it was taken down .
The hashtag # hydroxychloroquine was tweeted more than 153,000 times , becoming one of Twitter 's top trends in the US overnight .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ be widely shared on social media .
According to data from the Facebook-owned social media analytics tool CrowdTangle , public posts in the last 24 hours containing the word hydroxychloroquine have had 6.6 million engagements ( likes , shares , views , comments and reactions ) on Facebook and Instagram despite the removal of several versions of the video .
In a statement to BBC News , Twitter said : `` Tweets with the video are in violation of our Covid-19 misinformation policy .
We are taking action in line with our policy @ @ @ @ @ @ @ this video for sharing false information about cures and treatments for Covid-19 , '' Facebook told the BBC , confirming it was also removing other versions of the video .
YouTube told the BBC : `` We have removed the video for violating our Covid-19 misinformation policies . ''
BBC News also approached Breitbart , the White House and America 's Frontline Doctors for comment .
What is the evidence for hydroxychloroquine ?
The drug is a well-known treatment for malaria and was first touted by President Trump in March in connection with @ @ @ @ @ @ @ While several drug trials are ongoing , there is currently no proof that hydroxychloroquine or any other drug can cure or prevent COVID-19 . ''
`` The misuse of hydroxychloroquine can cause serious side effects and illness and even lead to death , '' it adds .
A study conducted by Oxford University found the drug was not effective against Covid-19 in hospitalised patients .
Its effectiveness when used early on during treatment is still being studied , as is its use as a preventative measure .
• Coronavirus and hydroxychloroquine : What @ @ @ @ @ @ @ so far been inconclusive and the results of larger-scale randomised studies will be needed to know if it 's effective or not .
In July , the US Food and Drug Administration warned against the use of the drug outside a hospital setting because of possible risks to the heart from taking it .
Who are the doctors ?
America 's Frontline Doctors is a collection of physicians critical of the scientific consensus around the pandemic .
Their event was backed by the Tea Party Patriots , a conservative organisation seeking to re-elect @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Gold , organised a letter to Mr Trump calling for an end to lockdown measures in May .
Participants were encouraged to seek out interviews with social media influencers as the best way to connect with Americans .
There has been intense debate on social media in recent months about hydroxychloroquine , and influential Fox News anchors have also run segments favouring the drug .
Ralph Norman , a Republican member of the House of Representatives , was standing alongside the doctors when they delivered their news conference .
The debate has been @ @ @ @ @ @ @ with proponents of hydroxychloroquine pointing to President Trump 's support of it while accusing critics of covering up its potential effectiveness .
• A SIMPLE GUIDE : How do I protect myself ?
• IMPACT : What the virus does to the body • RECOVERY : How long does it take ?
• LOCKDOWN : How can we lift restrictions ?
• ENDGAME : How do we get out of this mess ?

According to data from the Facebook-owned social media analytics tool CrowdTangle, public posts in the last 24 hours containing the word hydroxychloroquine have had 6.6 million engagements (likes, shares, views, comments and reactions) on Facebook and Instagram despite the removal of several versions of the video.


bbc--2020-07-28--Deadpool fly among new Australian 'super power' species creating a buzz

A villain with the markings of the Marvel character Deadpool is among several new species with so-called `` super powers '' to have created a buzz with scientists in Australia .
The country 's national science agency , Csiro , says that 164 new species of insects and plants have been named in the past year , some of which resemble a number of comic characters , including Thor , Loki and Black Widow .
`` Deadpool fly is an assassin with markings on its back that resembles Deadpool 's mask , '' Bryan Lessard , a Csiro entomologist , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to the late Stan Lee , who created The Fantastic Four for Marvel Comics in 1961 and went on to develop titles including Spider-Man and The Incredible Hulk , he now has a namesake in the form of a fly `` with a white moustache '' , Csiro says .
Loki , the mythological mischief-maker who appears in the Marvel Cinematic Universe series , is arguably the franchise 's greatest villain .
While naming new species can be fun , bee and wasp expert Juanita Rodriguez says it is also vital for our @ @ @ @ @ @ @ deep and their superpowers '' We discovered a new species of spider wasp that is only found in an area badly impacted by bushfires this summer , so now we can carefully monitor its recovery , '' Ms Rodriguez says .
She adds that venom produced by spider wasps might be useful for treating Alzheimer 's disease and epilepsy .
Thor , Marvel Comics ' god of thunder who battles to save Earth from evil forces , also makes an appearance in the list of new fly species .
Only a quarter of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Dr Lessard says , adding that the more species are named , the better we can understand their super powers .
`` Without a scientific name , these species are invisible to science , '' he says .
All images are subject to copyright .

In tribute to the late Stan Lee, who created The Fantastic Four for Marvel Comics in 1961 and went on to develop titles including Spider-Man and The Incredible Hulk, he now has a namesake in the form of a fly "with a white moustache", Csiro says.


bbc--2020-07-28--Niagara Falls tour boats show stark social distancing split

Tourists at Niagara Falls during the Covid-19 pandemic are having differing experiences on ferry rides , depending on which country @ @ @ @ @ Boats in the US and Canada require face masks , but passenger capacity is more @ @ @ @ @ the US .

Tourists at Niagara Falls during the Covid-19 pandemic are having differing experiences on ferry rides, depending on which country is running the tour. Boats in the US and Canada require face masks, but passenger capacity is more than three times higher in the US.


bbc--2020-07-28--Coronavirus: 'Mum died while we were at dad's funeral'

John and Mary Boxer should have been celebrating their diamond wedding anniversary this week - marking 60 years of marriage .
Their family had planned to hold a big party for all the family .
They died of Covid-19 within days of each other .
`` They both came from big families and both were one of seven children , '' says daughter , Elaine .
`` Four boys and three girls .
Dad worked in telecommunications and mum was a cleaner and then a dinner nanny at Sunderland Royal Hospital . ''
The couple had been friends since childhood @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of Sunderland , in the north-east of England .
`` My mum stopped work to look after her mum who lived with us and my sister all our lives .
My grandmother was 103 when she had to go into a care home after my mum 's hips deteriorated .
She was 106 when she died . ''
Elaine and her sister Glynis had been planning their parents ' 60th anniversary .
`` We were thinking about booking a hall and have my brother-in-law , who is a singer , to perform , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ that my parents enjoyed his singing and would have loved to listen to him sing .
But because of lockdown , we put our plans on hold . ''
On 10 April , John fell ill and was taken to Sunderland Royal Hospital , the same hospital his wife had worked in .
It was Good Friday .
Staff found nothing wrong with him and sent him home .
But on Easter Sunday he returned and the hospital ran Covid-19 tests .
On Easter Monday he tested positive .
`` The hospital was @ @ @ @ @ @ @ when my brother-in-law picked him up , he could n't stand up , '' says Elaine .
`` Dad had diabetes and Parkinson 's but he said he felt tired and exhausted . ''
John stayed in hospital , but his health deteriorated and on Friday 17 April - seven days after falling ill - he passed away .
`` I could n't believe it , '' says Elaine .
`` I spoke to him on the [ Maundy ] Thursday and he seemed fine - he was chatting away and laughing as @ @ @ @ @ @ @ who had been diagnosed with Alzheimer 's , initially found it hard to process what had happened .
`` She stopped eating , but we put it down to grief , '' says Elaine .
A few days before her dad 's funeral , Elaine went to town while her sister went to see their mum .
`` My sister rang me saying that I needed to come over straight away .
Mum was distressed and her temperature had risen .
She had no cough or other symptoms to do with Covid-19 but @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Mary went into hospital that afternoon , where she tested positive for coronavirus .
She was kept in hospital and the family was able to see her via a video call .
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John 's funeral was held on Saturday 2 May at St Hilda 's Roman Catholic church , in Sunderland - but only seven people could attend .
`` It @ @ @ @ @ @ @ sister , my brother-in-law , my dad 's oldest brother , my cousin and his wife .
We all had our phones switched to silent , '' Elaine says .
`` After the funeral , we went back to my sister 's .
My brother-in-law checked his phone and saw there were missed calls .
He rang the number and was put through to the hospital ward .
He told my sister what the hospital said . ''
`` We both fell in each other 's arms and started crying .
We knew @ @ @ @ @ @ @ age there was n't much they could do .
But it was a shock that it happened on the day of dad 's funeral .
`` There were tears and sadness , but my sister and I went into automatic pilot .
We rang around to let the family know .
We also called the priest and he said that the church held prayers for mum earlier that day .
`` We called the funeral directors we had just left - they could n't believe what happened either . ''
You may also @ @ @ @ @ @ @ was on VE Day on 8 May .
By that time , the rules on funeral attendance changed .
Sixteen people were allowed at the funeral and it was played over the internet for friends and family .
`` Mum and dad both have big families and I feel they were cheated from funerals they would have had , '' Elaine says .
`` Mum and dad loved each other very much and they would do anything for one another .
If one was in hospital the other would constantly be by their @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
For their 40th wedding anniversary they went to America and had a wonderful time in Florida and Las Vegas . ''
The family is now planning to celebrate John and Mary 's lives next year .
`` We were going to have a big celebration for my parents ' 60th wedding anniversary and get all the family together .
We will have a joint memorial for them later in the year . ''
`` We need some closure , '' Elaine adds .
`` The small comfort we have is that they @ @ @ @ @ @ @ together . ''

"My mum stopped work to look after her mum who lived with us and my sister all our lives. My grandmother was 103 when she had to go into a care home after my mum's hips deteriorated. She was 106 when she died."


bbc--2020-07-28--Spain quarantine rules: The businesses fearing for their futures

The bars and restaurants which line the square in Villamartin had begun to breathe a sigh of relief .
The coronavirus pandemic which had kept the tourists away for the first part of the summer seemed to be easing , and the - mainly British - visitors were returning to this little spot on Spain 's Costa Blanca .
But the feeling of relief was far too short lived : on Saturday , the British government announced it was imposing a two-week quarantine on those returning from Spain .
The calls asking to cancel began to pour in almost immediately @ @ @ @ @ @ @ not afford to take another two weeks off , especially with the potential of them being unpaid .
For the businesses around the plaza though , the reality was the rule change was not just ruining their summer holidays .
It has the potential to cripple their livelihoods too .
`` Everybody here is just panicking - we were just getting back on our feet , '' Casey Shaddock , president of the Villamartin Plaza , told the BBC .
`` Normally , this square would be buzzing - we hold 1,400 .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ , we bring a lot of acts across from England .
`` Now , it is just the birds chirping . ''
The UK government 's surprise announcement was made amid rising case numbers in Spain .
It now advises against all non-essential travel to Spain , including the Balearic and Canary Islands .
Holiday companies Jet2 and Tui have cancelled swathes of flights as a result of the order .
But Spain 's rising cases are mainly confined to certain areas - notably , Catalonia and the ever-popular tourist destination , Barcelona @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Pedro Sánchez to describe the Spain-wide order as `` unjust '' .
For many business owners - especially those reliant on some of the income generated by the 18m trips made by Brits to Spain every year - his choice of words rang true .
`` We have less than 200 cases in the area - it is safe here , '' Ms Shaddock says .
`` The rules that have been put in place are so strict .
The police will close you if you do not follow them . ''
Near @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the west of Spain , the feeling of confusion is just as strong .
`` It has been a surprise , '' Sonsoles Peyro tells the BBC .
`` Now we were kind of happy , we were in a normal way - we had started receiving tourists again .
We do not really understand the reason why it is the whole of Spain , when you only have some problems in Catalonia . ''
Luckily for Ms Peyro , a drop in tourist numbers is not such an immediate problem : Dehesa @ @ @ @ @ @ @ she works , does welcome some tourists - it has rooms and offers tours of its factory - but its main product is Iberico ham .
• What are the quarantine rules for Spain and its islands ?
• Spain quarantine : 'We found out three minutes after landing' However , the area 's restaurants and hotels do rely on those who come to enjoy the walled city and surrounding nature parks , which are particularly popular with British birdwatchers .
`` We always get a lot of emails from travel companies asking @ @ @ @ @ @ @ last few weeks I had had a lot , I was starting to receive some emails - now they can not come .
`` If they do not come to see me , they do not sleep in any place , they do not eat in any place . ''
And if that happens , there will still be a knock-on effect : `` If the restaurants do not buy , then for some parts of our business it will be a problem .
If I do not sell the products , if @ @ @ @ @ @ @ I have to do something - I need to feed them , I need some money .
And that money comes from selling products . ''
In the capital Madrid , Fernando Cuenllas is more forgiving of the UK decision .
`` My personal feeling would be more worried than angry .
It is a very unique situation - nobody really knows how to react .
We can blame something things on some people , but I do not think it is simple . ''
But Mr Cuenllas ' restaurant , Media Racion @ @ @ @ @ @ @ tourist trade .
Yet even without the blow of the new quarantine rules , he admits things are not easy .
`` We are seeing a lot of people scared of going inside restaurants .
We are down at 30 to 40 % with our bookings . ''
`` I was very optimistic in the beginning , '' he adds .
`` To be honest , now I am starting to be more negative .
People are starting to get really , really worried .
The hotels are getting a lot of cancellations @ @ @ @ @ @ @ getting a lot .
So , it is a hard situation . ''
Back in Villamartin , there is rising anger .
Some business owners suggest the UK government 's move was more to do with trying to kickstart the British tourism industry and help an ailing economy than stemming any second wave .
`` Spain is the most popular place for Brits to go on holiday , '' restauranteur George Taylor notes .
UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson has defended the decision , saying the government had to `` take swift and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ are starting to bubble up '' .
Mr Taylor is no longer looking forward to August .
He opened his second restaurant in the town last year , he says , noting with a dry laugh that it may have been the wrong thing to do .
`` This rush of people is going to be short-lived , '' he tells the BBC .
`` We are okay at the moment for the next week , week-and-half - but it is all the people deciding not to come out here because they are @ @ @ @ @ @ @ people who were coming out can not , '' agrees Ms Shaddock , who estimates she could lose thousands of euros in commission from her rental business in August .
`` If the quarantine does not get lifted , there will be a lot of places go out of business .
We have got a tremendous amount of bars and restaurants - they all feed off each other .
`` They are small businesses that support families . ''
`` The people who are actually affected are your working class , '' Mr @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the people who are losing their jobs . ''
• A SIMPLE GUIDE : How do I protect myself ?
• IMPACT : What the virus does to the body • ENDGAME : How do we get out of this mess ?
• WITHOUT SYMPTOMS : The mystery of 'silent spreaders '

And if that happens, there will still be a knock-on effect: "If the restaurants do not buy, then for some parts of our business it will be a problem. If I do not sell the products, if the mother pigs keep having babies, I have to do something - I need to feed them, I need some money. And that money comes from selling products."


bbc--2020-07-27--Are you an American voter?

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