bbc--2020-09-19--Johnson considers new measures as UK cases surge

Boris Johnson will spend the weekend considering whether to tighten Covid-19 measures in England , after saying the UK was `` now seeing a second wave '' .
The government is understood to be looking at a ban on households mixing , and reducing opening hours for pubs and restaurants .
At least 13.5 million people , roughly one in five of the UK population , are already facing local restrictions .
In London , additional measures were `` increasingly likely '' , its mayor said .
• ‘ Another lockdown would be disastrous for our business ’ • Further @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Johnson only has direct power over restrictions in England .
The devolved governments in Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland can set their own rules .
Widespread growth of the virus has been recorded across the country , with cases doubling every seven to eight days .
There were a further 4,322 confirmed cases on Friday - the first time the daily total of positive tests has exceeded 4,000 since 8 May .
In Bolton , one returning holidaymaker , who did not self-isolate and instead went on a pub crawl , is @ @ @ @ @ @ @ spike in cases .
Meanwhile , governments across Europe have announced new restrictions to tackle the surge in infections .
• Can a 'circuit break ' halt the second Covid wave ?
• My neighbours are breaking the rules - what should I say ?
Speaking on Friday , Mr Johnson said he did not `` want to go into bigger lockdown measures '' but that tighter social distancing rules might be necessary .
He added : `` Clearly when you look at what is happening , you have got to wonder whether @ @ @ @ @ @ @ rule of six that we brought in on Monday . ''
The government is understood to be considering a short period of tighter rules across England - `` a circuit break '' - which could involve closing hospitality venues .
However , schools and workplaces would stay open .
No 10 is also looking at limiting the opening hours of pubs and restaurants across the country , as has already happened in many areas of north-east England , where pubs had to close at 22:00 BST on Friday .
Labour deputy leader Angela @ @ @ @ @ @ @ an emergency Cobra meeting , look at the science and improve its communication so `` people can do the right thing '' .
`` If the government are able to do that , we will back them , '' she told the BBC .
She also said it had been `` shocking '' to see how `` monumentally '' the government 's test and trace system had failed .
• Covid symptoms : Is it a cold , flu or coronavirus ?
• UK coronavirus cases up by 4,322 on Friday Scottish First @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Mark Drakeford are also calling for a Cobra meeting .
Ms Sturgeon said the next few days would be `` critical '' to avoid another full-scale lockdown in Scotland .
London Mayor Sadiq Khan said he was extremely concerned by evidence of the accelerating speed with which coronavirus was spreading in the capital .
`` We will be considering some of the measures which have already been imposed in other parts of the UK , '' he said .
`` I am of the firm view that we should not wait , as @ @ @ @ @ @ @ virus to again spiral out of control before taking action . ''
The government 's Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies ( Sage ) said the R number - representing the number of people an infected person will pass the virus on to - had risen to between 1.1 and 1.4 .
Although deaths remain at a very low level , Sage said the rise in the R number `` shows that we are moving to wider spread growth in transmission at a faster rate '' .
The sharp rise in UK cases over @ @ @ @ @ @ @ problems with the government 's test and trace programme , leading to people struggling to access tests .
Former government adviser Prof Neil Ferguson , whose advice was crucial to the decision to go into lockdown in March , said a two-week mini lockdown could help to `` reset '' the virus .
`` We have a perfect storm right now , of people - as they 've been told to - getting back to normal , schools reopening , a surge in cases and therefore the testing system is under strain , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Unfortunately we do have to roll the relaxation of measures back a little bit and get contacts down in the population . ''
Asked if this should mean more restrictions on going abroad , he said the bigger risk was normal everyday interactions , which needed to be `` dialled back a little '' .
'UK 's trajectory is not written in stone' The question is no longer where we are , but where we are heading .
Yes , the number of people infected , in hospital with Covid or dying from @ @ @ @ @ @ @ levels than at the peak .
Scientists will quibble about the exact definition of a `` second wave '' , but all data points to rising numbers of infections .
The government 's science advisers say the number is now doubling every week .
If those trends continue then infections could go from the estimated 6,000-a-day to more than 100,000 by mid-October .
It is that trajectory , which is not written in stone , the government is trying to change .
There are questions for politicians , from whether it should do @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and Trace .
But , with evidence suggesting only one in five people are following the self-isolation rules when they get sick , there are also questions for all of us .
New restrictions for large parts of England 's North West , West Yorkshire and the Midlands come into force on Tuesday .
The latest areas to see extra measures put in place include Lancashire ( excluding Blackpool ) , Merseyside and the Cheshire boroughs of Warrington and Halton .
Additional restrictions are also being put in place in Wolverhampton , Oadby @ @ @ @ @ @ @ parts of Bradford , Kirklees and Calderdale .
In total , nearly 4.7 million people will be affected by the new restrictions , which ban separate households from meeting each other at home or in private gardens .
• COVID-19 IN WINTER : What will the effect be on the SARs-CoV-2 virus ?
• RETURN TO FILMING : How has filming EastEnders changed ?
Do you live in one of the areas where restrictions are being reintroduced ?
How will you be affected ?
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bbc--2020-09-19--Rochester shooting: Two dead after mass shooting in New York

Two people have been killed and 14 others wounded after a shooting at a house party in the state of New York .
Police in the city of Rochester said they arrived to find around 100 people running down the street .
`` This is truly a tragedy of epic proportions , '' acting police chief Mark Simmons told reporters on Saturday .
The city 's police have been under increasing pressure over the death of Daniel Prude , a black man who was hooded and restrained during an arrest .
He died in March , but the case only @ @ @ @ @ @ @ police chief La'Ron Singletary has since stepped down , saying that his handling of the case was being distorted .
Seven officers have also been suspended .
No suspects have been arrested over Saturday 's shooting and no motive has been identified .
Mr Simmons said the two victims , a man and a woman who have not been named , were aged between 18 and 22 .
None of the 14 others who were shot suffered life-threatening injuries .
Parties remain prohibited under New York state 's coronavirus restrictions , according to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ is yet another tragedy where individuals are having these illegal , unsanctioned house parties taking place in these properties , which number one is not safe because of Covid , '' said Mr Simmons .
`` And then you add in alcohol and violence and it just becomes a recipe for disaster . ''

He died in March, but the case only became public earlier this month. Rochester police chief La'Ron Singletary has since stepped down, saying that his handling of the case was being distorted. Seven officers have also been suspended.


bbc--2020-09-19--Yasukuni Shrine: Japan's ex-PM Abe visits controversial memorial

Japan 's former prime minister , Shinzo Abe , has visited a controversial war memorial just days after stepping down .
Mr Abe posted a picture of himself at the Yasukuni Shrine , telling his followers he had gone there to inform the spirits of his resignation .
He largely stayed away from the shrine , which honours Japan 's war dead , but also convicted war criminals , during his time as prime minister .
Japan 's occupation of its two neighbours ended with its defeat in 1945 and the conclusion of the Second World War .
Visits by @ @ @ @ @ @ @ previously been seen as a lack of remorse for its militaristic past .
Neither China nor either of the Koreas has reacted to this latest visit as yet .
However , a Japanese government spokesman defended Mr Abe 's right to visit the shrine , saying Japan had recognised its war-time atrocities .
As prime minister , Mr Abe sought to revise Japan 's pacifist post-war constitution to include a paragraph formally legitimising the military .
However , he was unsuccessful .
He resigned as prime minister - a role he had held @ @ @ @ @ @ @ he had health difficulties .
His former chief cabinet secretary , Yoshihide Suga , was elected as his replacement last week .
What is the Yasukuni Shrine ?
• Built in 1869 under the Emperor Meiji • Those enshrined include hundreds of convicted war criminals , among them war-time leader Hideki Tojo , executed in 1948 • Shrine organisers stress that many thousands of civilians are honoured • China and South Korea see the shrine as a glorification of Japanese atrocities

Visits by Japan's leaders to the shrine have previously been seen as a lack of remorse for its militaristic past. Neither China nor either of the Koreas has reacted to this latest visit as yet.


bbc--2020-09-19--UK ministerial bodyguard 'left gun on plane'

Dominic Raab 's bodyguard has been `` removed from operational duties '' after allegedly leaving his gun on a plane at Heathrow .
A cleaner is reported to have found the loaded Glock 19 pistol in its holster on a seat on the United Airlines flight after it landed in London on Friday .
The foreign secretary had been in Washington DC to speak to US politicians about Brexit .
Scotland Yard said an internal investigation was taking place .
The cleaner raised the alarm after finding the weapon , the Sun reported , and police boarded the plane - @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of Mr Raab 's close protection officers .
A Metropolitan Police spokesman said : `` We are aware of the incident on a flight into the UK on Friday 18 September and we are taking this matter extremely seriously .
`` The officer involved has since been removed from operational duties whilst an internal investigation into the circumstances is taking place . ''
The Sun reported that the officer took off his holster and put it on his seat before escorting the foreign secretary off the flight - leaving it behind .
Former @ @ @ @ @ @ @ BBC there were strict rules about the handling of firearms , but that human error does happen .
`` This sort of thing is not common , but it does happen , '' he told the Today programme .
`` It happens because human beings are in the system and human beings operate under an enormous amount of stress sometimes , particularly when they are managing armed operations or in the middle of an armed operation .
`` This appears to be an unfortunate lapse in concentration for which the officer will pay @ @ @ @ @ @ @ as much as they have been removed from operational duties , which is something they probably love doing , and sadly for them , will no longer be able to do . ''
He added that the Met takes such matters `` incredibly seriously '' .
In February , a bodyguard for former prime minister David Cameron was investigated for reportedly leaving his gun in a plane toilet .
In that incident , the gun was found by a passenger on a British Airways flight from New York to London .
Mr Cameron @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the Metropolitan Police as a former prime minister .

"This appears to be an unfortunate lapse in concentration for which the officer will pay a price in their career, in as much as they have been removed from operational duties, which is something they probably love doing, and sadly for them, will no longer be able to do."


bbc--2020-09-19--'Ginsburg was an amazing woman' - Trump

'Ginsburg was an amazing woman' - Trump

President Trump learned of the news of the death of Ruth Bader Ginsburg in Minnesota immediately after his rally .
@ @ @ @ @ he was about to board Air Force One .
He took a moment to digest @ @ @ @ @ she `` lived an amazing life '' .
Moments later , Joe Biden , his @ @ @ @ @ legal legacy .

President Trump learned of the news of the death of Ruth Bader Ginsburg in Minnesota immediately after his rally.
A reporter told him as he was about to board Air Force One. He took a moment to digest the news, then said she "lived an amazing life".
Moments later, Joe Biden, his Democratic challenger, praised her legal legacy.


bbc--2020-09-18--A feminist heroine and cultural icon

A feminist heroine and cultural icon

US Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg , the history-making jurist , feminist icon and national treasure , has died , aged 87 .
Ginsburg became only the second woman ever to serve as a justice on the nation 's highest court .
She struggled against blatant sexism throughout her career as she climbed to the pinnacle of her profession .
A lifelong advocate of gender equality , she was fond of joking that there would be enough women on the nine-seat Supreme Court `` when there are nine '' .
She did not let up in her twilight years @ @ @ @ @ @ @ conservative-tilting bench , even while her periodic health scares left liberal America on edge .
Despite maintaining a modest public profile , like most top judges , Ginsburg inadvertently became not just a celebrity , but a pop-culture heroine .
She may have stood an impish 5ft , but Ginsburg will be remembered as a legal colossus .
She was born to Jewish immigrant parents in the Flatbush neighbourhood of Brooklyn , New York City , in 1933 at the height of the Great Depression .
Her mother , Celia Bader , died @ @ @ @ @ @ @ high school .
She attended Cornell University , where she met Martin `` Marty '' Ginsburg on a blind date , kindling a romance that spanned almost six decades until his death in 2010 .
`` Meeting Marty was by far the most fortunate thing that ever happened to me , '' Ginsburg once said , adding that the man who would become her husband `` was the first boy I ever knew who cared that I had a brain '' .
The couple married shortly after Ginsburg 's graduation in 1954 and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the following year .
While she was pregnant , Ginsburg was demoted in her job at a social security office - discrimination against pregnant women was still legal in the 1950s .
The experience led her to conceal her second pregnancy before she gave birth to her son , James , in 1965 .
In 1956 , Ginsburg became one of nine women accepted to Harvard Law School , out of a class of about 500 , where the dean famously asked that his female students tell him how they could justify taking @ @ @ @ @ @ @ school .
When Marty , also a Harvard Law alumnus , took a job as a tax lawyer in New York , Ginsburg transferred to Columbia Law School to complete her third and final year , becoming the first woman to work at both colleges ' law reviews .
Despite finishing top of her class , Ginsburg did not receive a single job offer after graduation .
`` Not a law firm in the entire city of New York would employ me , '' she later said .
`` I struck out on @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a woman and a mother . ''
She wound up on a project studying civil procedure in Sweden before becoming a professor at Rutgers Law School , where she taught some of the first classes on women and the law .
`` The women 's movement came alive at the end of the 60s , '' she said to NPR .
`` There I was , a law school professor with time that I could devote to moving along this change . ''
In 1971 , Ginsburg made her first successful argument before @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the lead brief in Reed v Reed , which examined whether men could be automatically preferred over women as estate executors .
`` In very recent years , a new appreciation of women 's place has been generated in the United States , '' the brief states .
`` Activated by feminists of both sexes , courts and legislatures have begun to recognise the claim of women to full membership in the class 'persons ' entitled to due process guarantees of life and liberty and the equal protection of the laws . ''
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ the first time the Supreme Court had struck down a law because of gender-based discrimination .
In 1972 , Ginsburg co-founded the Women 's Rights Project at the American Civil Liberties Union ( ACLU ) .
That same year , Ginsburg became the first tenured female professor at Columbia Law School .
She was soon the ACLU 's general counsel , launching a series of gender-discrimination cases .
Six of these brought her before the Supreme Court , five of which she won .
She compared her role to that of a `` @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to the all-male justices .
Her approach was cautious and highly strategic .
She favoured incrementalism , thinking it wise to dismantle sexist laws and policies one by one , rather than run the risk of asking the Supreme Court to outlaw all rules that treat men and women unequally .
Cognisant of her exclusively male audience on the court , Ginsburg 's clients were often men .
In 1975 , she argued the case of a young widower who was denied benefits after his wife died in childbirth .
`` His case @ @ @ @ @ @ @ discrimination hurts everyone , '' Ginsburg said .
She later said leading the legal side of the women 's movement during this period - decades before joining the Supreme Court - counted as her greatest professional work .
`` I had the good fortune to be alive in the 1960s , then , and continuing through the 1970s , '' she said .
`` For the first time in history it became possible to urge before the courts successfully that equal justice under law requires all arms of government to regard women as @ @ @ @ @ @ @ '' In 1980 , Ginsburg was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia as part of President Jimmy Carter 's efforts to diversify federal courts .
Though Ginsburg was often portrayed as a liberal firebrand , her days on the appeals court were marked by moderation .
She earned a reputation as a centrist , voting with conservatives many times and against , for example , re-hearing the discrimination case of a sailor who said he had been discharged from the US Navy for being gay .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ in 1993 by President Bill Clinton after a lengthy search process .
Ginsburg was the second woman ever confirmed to that bench , following Sandra Day O'Connor , who was nominated by President Ronald Reagan in 1981 .
Among Ginsburg 's most significant , early cases was United States v Virginia , which struck down the men-only admissions policy at the Virginia Military Institute .
While Virginia `` serves the state 's sons , it makes no provision whatever for her daughters .
That is not equal protection '' , Ginsburg wrote for @ @ @ @ @ @ @ or policy should deny women `` full citizenship stature - equal opportunity to aspire , achieve , participate in and contribute to society based on their individual talents and capacities . ''
During her time on the bench , Justice Ginsburg moved noticeably to the left .
She served as a counterbalance to the court itself , which , with the appointment of Neil Gorsuch and Brett Kavanaugh by President Donald Trump , slanted in favour of conservative justices .
Her dissents were forceful - occasionally biting - and Ginsburg did not shy @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
In 2013 , objecting to the court 's decision to strike down a significant portion of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 by a 5-to-4 vote , Ginsburg wrote : `` The Court 's opinion can hardly be described as an exemplar of restrained and moderate decision making . ''
In 2015 , Ginsburg sided with the majority on two landmark cases - both massive victories for American progressives .
She was one of six justices to uphold a crucial component of the 2010 Affordable Care Act , commonly known as Obamacare @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Hodges , she sided with the 5-4 majority , legalising same-sex marriage in all 50 states .
As Ginsburg 's legal career soared , her personal life was anchored by marriage to Marty .
Their relationship reflected a gender parity that was ahead of its time .
The couple shared the childcare and housework , and Marty did virtually all of the cooking .
`` I learned very early on in our marriage that Ruth was a fairly terrible cook and , for lack of interest , unlikely to improve , '' he @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , Marty was a relentless champion of his wife .
Clinton officials said it was his tireless lobbying that brought Ginsburg 's name to the shortlist of potential Supreme Court nominees in 1993 .
He reportedly told a friend that the most important thing he did in his own life `` is to enable Ruth to do what she has done '' .
After her confirmation , Ginsburg thanked Marty , `` who has been , since our teenage years , my best friend and biggest booster '' .
In his final weeks @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , Marty wrote a letter to his wife saying that other than parents and kids , `` you are the only person I have loved in my life .
`` I have admired and loved you almost since the day we first met at Cornell . ''
He died in June 2010 after 56 years of marriage .
The next morning Ginsburg was on the bench at the Supreme Court to read an opinion on the final day of the term `` because [ Marty ] would have wanted it '' , she @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Ginsburg had five major run-ins with cancer herself .
Justice O'Connor , who had breast cancer in the 1980s , was said to have suggested that Ginsburg schedule chemotherapy for Fridays so she could use the weekend to recover for oral arguments .
It worked : Ginsburg only missed oral arguments twice because of illness .
Ginsburg said she also followed the advice of opera singer Marilyn Horne , who was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in 2005 .
`` She said , ' I will live , ' '' Ginsburg recalled to NPR @ @ @ @ @ @ @ hope I live ' , or , ' I want to live ' , but , ' I will live . '
'' Her longevity brought immense relief to liberal America , which fretted that another vacancy on the court would allow its conservative majority to become even more ascendant during the Trump era .
Toward the end of her life , Ginsburg became a national icon .
Due in part to her withering dissents , a young law student created a Tumblr account dedicated to Ginsburg called Notorious RBG - a nod @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
The account introduced Ginsburg to a new generation of young feminists and propelled her to that rarest of distinctions for a judge : she became a cult figure .
The Notorious RBG was the subject of a documentary , an award-winning biopic and countless bestselling novels .
She inspired Saturday Night Live skits and had her likeness plastered on mugs and T-shirts .
`` It was beyond my wildest imagination that I would one day become the Notorious RBG , '' she said .
`` I am now 86 years old and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ take their picture with me . ''
Every aspect of her life was dissected and mythologised , from her workout routine to her love of hair scrunchies .
Asked by NPR in 2019 if she had any regrets given the challenges she had faced in life , Ginsburg 's supreme self-belief shone through .
`` I do think I was born under a very bright star , '' she replied .

The couple married shortly after Ginsburg's graduation in 1954 and they had a daughter, Jane, the following year. While she was pregnant, Ginsburg was demoted in her job at a social security office - discrimination against pregnant women was still legal in the 1950s. The experience led her to conceal her second pregnancy before she gave birth to her son, James, in 1965.


bbc--2020-09-19--Ruth Bader Ginsburg death: How has Trump's Supreme Court changed America?

The US Supreme Court reshaped under President Donald Trump has been called the most conservative-leaning court in modern US history .
Now the death of liberal judge Ruth Bader Ginsburg means it could further tilt towards conservatives if the Republican Party is able to replace her in the months ahead .
With two appointments already in the president 's first term , the bench 's ideological balance already tilted right , favouring conservatives in a 5-4 split .
The top court in the US has a profound impact on American life , ruling on highly contentious issues like abortion and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ bench , called justices , get lifetime terms so when President Trump got to pick two - Neil Gorsuch and Brett Kavanaugh - there was huge expectation to see the impact this would have .
We look back at five closely watched cases this year to see if this conservative-leaning court actually voted that way .
In June , the court said that a Louisiana law requiring doctors performing abortions to have admitting privileges at nearby hospitals - effectively limiting the number of abortion providers in the state - was unconstitutional .
The @ @ @ @ @ @ @ with the court 's liberal quartet , was seen as a major victory for progressives and pro-choice advocates .
The future of reproductive rights in the US had been garnered intense focus since Justice Kavanuagh 's nomination in 2018 .
With a conservative majority secured , many feared previous cases protecting a woman 's right to choose , namely Roe v Wade , would be overturned .
Anti-abortion activists were hoping this case would provide proof that a majority of the court was ready to start rolling back abortion protections with the ultimate @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the procedure .
Instead , it demonstrated that Roberts , who sided with the four liberals , was more interested in respecting the precedent set by a recent case with similar facts than quickly steering the court in a more conservative direction .
• Meet the Supremes - the judges on the top US court • The US top court v UK top court - which is more political ?
Looking at three different cases , the court decided that the Civil Rights Act of 1964 protects gay and transgender employees from workplace @ @ @ @ @ @ @ joined the court 's progressives in arguing that Title VII of the act , which bars discrimination against sex , applies to claims of sexual orientation and gender identity .
The 6-3 ruling is a resolute victory for progressives and marks the biggest moment for LGBT rights in the US since the court legalised same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015 .
This will probably be seen as the big surprise of this court term , given that conservatives Roberts and Gorsuch sided voted with the liberals to expand federal employment protections to gay and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ evidence of how fast and how far views in American society , including the courts , have come on the issue of gay rights .
• Why this LGBT court ruling is such a big deal In Department of Homeland Security v Regents of the University of California , the nine justices examined an Obama-era policy that shields hundreds of thousands of undocumented young people - known as Dreamers - from deportation , and gives them work and study permits .
Somewhat unexpectedly , the court ruled that the administration 's attempts to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and capricious '' in a way prohibited by federal law .
Once again , Justice Roberts joined the liberal judges to deliver a win for liberals .
This case had all the makings of political dynamite , with the possibility that hundreds of thousands of US residents could face the prospect of deportation if their temporary immigration protection was stripped away .
Instead , Roberts once again proved to be a stickler for proper procedure , ruling that while the Trump administration may have had the power to do something - in this @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the process so badly they 'd have to start over from the beginning .
• 'This means continuing to live the American dream' Last month , the court ruled that states must allow religious schools to participate in state scholarship programs funded by tax credits .
The case , Espinoza v Montana Department of Revenue , centred on a 2015 Montana law - later struck down by the state supreme court - that allowed public funds for scholarships to help families send their children to private schools , most of which were religious @ @ @ @ @ @ @ fell neatly within ideological lines , may open the door to further public funding of religious institutions , marking a victory for conservatives and the Trump administration .
Critics say it may divert funds from public schools , in favour of private or religious schools .
The court had a number of cases dealing with issues of religious freedom and church/state separation this term .
While decisions involving contraceptive coverage and employment discrimination in religious institutions garnered the headlines , they turned on details of the laws in question .
No case more @ @ @ @ @ @ @ majority in this area than the ruling in Montana v. Epsinoza , where five justices held that the US constitution itself required government programmes to be made equally accessible to secular and religious schools .
The Supreme Court ruled in March that states are free to abandon the insanity defence in cases where defendants argue they could not distinguish between right and wrong .
In an unusual move , liberal Justice Elena Kagan joined the five conservative justices in her decision .
The 6-member majority ruled that a 1995 Kansas law eliminating the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ constitution .
In this state , mental capacity may only be considered in the sentencing phase of trial .
To date , Kansas is one of just five states to effectively eliminate the insanity defence .
This ruling may encourage others to follow suit .
The use of insanity as a defence from criminal culpability has been around longer than the United States itself .
This term , however , Elena Kagan broke with the liberal justices to write an opinion joined by the five conservatives allowing states to significantly curtail its use @ @ @ @ @ @ @ notable ruling , given that criminal procedure is one area where even some conservatives justices have been divided recently , as the court tries to balance the powers of law enforcement and the criminal courts with defendant rights .

The Supreme Court ruled in March that states are free to abandon the insanity defence in cases where defendants argue they could not distinguish between right and wrong. In an unusual move, liberal Justice Elena Kagan joined the five conservative justices in her decision. The 6-member majority ruled that a 1995 Kansas law eliminating the insanity defence did not violate the US constitution. In this state, mental capacity may only be considered in the sentencing phase of trial. To date, Kansas is one of just five states to effectively eliminate the insanity defence. This ruling may encourage others to follow suit.


bbc--2020-09-19--Meet the judges on the top US court

Meet the judges on the top US court

US Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg has died of cancer at the age of 87 , the court has said .
Her death has already prompted a contentious political battle over whether the US Senate should consider a replacement before the presidential election in November .
President Trump has already nominated two justices during his first term - Neil Gorsuch and Brett Kavanaugh - and another pick could cement the conservative majority on America 's top court .
Here is a look at the nine justices who have had a big influence on American life .
Meet the Supremes @ @ @ @ @ @ @ August 1993 How she got to the court : Another New Yorker , Ginsburg stayed in the state to attend Cornell and eventually transferred to Columbia Law School after first enrolling at Harvard .
She was rejected from a Supreme Court clerkship after graduating because of her gender , according to the New York Times .
As she moved into a teaching and litigating career , Ginsburg focused on women 's rights - starting the first law journal focused on the topic and arguing six cases before the Supreme Court .
She was @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the District of Columbia in 1980 and 13 years later , was nominated by President Bill Clinton for a seat at the top court .
Who was she as a justice ?
As the most senior justice on the court 's left wing , Ginsburg was often in charge of assigning dissents in highly controversial cases .
She used this power to write a `` a string of barnstormers '' , Dahlia Lithwick , Slate 's legal correspondent , says , including a case which expanded the religious exemptions to birth control insurance @ @ @ @ @ @ @ changes to a law prohibiting racial discrimination in voting .
The dissents , combined with her refusal to heed calls to step down during the first Obama term , has earned her a fan base and her own internet meme - Notorious RBG .
`` She 's the last vestige of an old guard of liberalism '' on the court , Lithwick says , and was the last civil rights lawyer on the bench .
Justice 's Opinion : In a dissent in Burwell v Hobby Lobby , Ginsburg wrote the court 's @ @ @ @ @ @ @ closely held '' corporations was in error .
`` Indeed , until today , religious exemptions had never been extended to any entity operating in 'the commercial , profit-making world ' .
The reason why is hardly obscure .
Religious organisations exist to foster the interests of persons subscribing to the same religious faith .
Not so of for-profit corporations .
Workers who sustain the operations of those corporations commonly are not drawn from one religious community .
Indeed , by law , no religion-based criterion can restrict the work force of for-profit @ @ @ @ @ @ @ : 7 August 2010 How she got to the court : Kagan grew up in New York City .
At the age of 12 , she convinced her rabbi to hold the synagogue 's first formal bat mitzvah , the rite of passage for young women .
After law school at Harvard , she clerked for Justice Thurgood Marshall .
After a successful stint as the first female dean of Harvard Law School , she was briefly US solicitor general - the federal government 's top representative at the US Supreme Court , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ for the high court .
Who is she as a justice ?
Kagan is the first justice in decades not to previously serve as a judge .
She is part of the court 's left-leaning wing , but has been the author of many of recent unanimous or near unanimous decisions .
Her writing is often easy for a layperson to understand without sacrificing legal analysis , and she is an aggressive questioner during oral arguments .
Kagan first took her seat at the bench at the age of 50 and could potentially @ @ @ @ @ @ @ decades .
Lithwick says Kagan is `` much more inscrutable '' on issues than other recent additions to the court .
`` She 's very close to the vest , '' she says .
Justice 's Opinion : Kagan wrote an impassioned dissent in the Town of Greece v Galloway , in which the court heard a challenge to Greece 's practice of opening town meetings with a Christian prayer .
`` When a person goes to court , a polling place , or an immigration proceeding , I could go on : @ @ @ @ @ @ @ board hearing , or the DMV - government officials do not engage in sectarian worship , nor do they ask her to do likewise .
They all participate in the business of government not as Christians , Jews , Muslims ( and more ) , but only as Americans - none of them different from any other for that civic purpose .
Why not , then , at a town meeting ? ''
On the court since : 8 August 2009 How she got to the court : Sotomayor was born to Puerto @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a student at Princeton University , she fought for hiring more Latino professors and admitting more Latino students .
After Yale Law school , she became a prosecutor in New York and was later named to the Second Circuit Court of Appeals .
The federal appeals courts are often the final step before the Supreme Court for cases .
In the second circuit , Sotomayor authored more than 150 majority opinions - including a few that were ultimately overruled by the higher court .
Who is she as a justice ?
Sotomayor is @ @ @ @ @ @ @ also been one of the most public facing - her memoir appeared on the New York Times ' best-selling list , she appeared twice on Sesame Street , once to adjudicate a dispute between Goldilocks and Baby Bear , and she helped drop the ball in Times Square on New Year 's Eve 2013 .
`` She 's trying really hard to demystify the court , showing 'You can be a justice too ' , '' Lithwick says .
Her former experience as a prosecutor and trial judge often leads her to challenge @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , says Marcia Coyle , the chief Washington correspondent for the National Law Journal .
`` She knows how criminal trials operate , '' Coyle says .
Justice 's Opinion : In a dissent to the court 's 5-3 ruling in Schuette v. BAMN , a case involving a ban on affirmative action policies , Sotomayor argued directly against the conservative justices in how the court should treat challenges to race-based laws .
`` Race matters .
Race matters in part because of the long history of racial minorities ' being denied access @ @ @ @ @ @ @ for reasons that really are only skin deep , that can not be discussed any other way , and that can not be wished away .
Race matters to a young man 's view of society when he spends his teenage years watching others tense up as he passes , no matter the neighbourhood where he grew up .
Race matters to a young woman 's sense of self when she states her hometown , and then is pressed , 'No , where are you really from ? '
, regardless of how @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the country… .
Race matters because of the slights , the snickers , the silent judgments that reinforce that most crippling of thoughts : ' I do not belong here . '
'' On the court since : 31 January 2006 How he got to the court : Alito grew up in New Jersey in an Italian immigrant family .
While at Princeton University , he was involved in conservative and libertarian groups , as well as the Army Reserve Officer Training Corps .
After Yale law school , he was a prosecutor @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Reagan administration in the justice department , including as assistant to the solicitor general , where he argued before the Supreme Court .
President George HW Bush named him to the Third Circuit Court of Appeals in 1990 , where he stayed until his nomination to The Supreme Court .
Who is he as a justice ?
Alito is a conservative justice , but one who does not hew as often to originalism as fellow conservatives Scalia and Thomas .
He is not always talkative in oral arguments but his questions are sharp @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 's logic .
Alito has a low public profile despite being a large part of the court 's rightward shift on business , campaign finance and racial issues over the past decade .
The former prosecutor has been `` very pro-government '' in criminal cases , Coyle says , and has shown less willingness than his conservative colleagues to protect free speech in cases where it is harmful or hateful .
Justice 's Opinion : Alito wrote for the majority in a labour case , Harris v Quinn , in which the court @ @ @ @ @ @ @ from Illinois home health care workers who did not want to join the union despite being covered by collective bargaining .
`` If we accepted Illinois ' argument , we would approve an unprecedented violation of the bedrock principle that , except perhaps in the rarest of circumstances , no person in this country may be compelled to subsidise speech by a third party that he or she does not wish to support . ''
On the court since : 29 September 2005 How he got to the court : Born in New @ @ @ @ @ @ @ attended a boarding school as a teenager but also spent summers working in a steel mill .
After considering becoming a historian at Harvard , he went to law school there instead , eventually clerking for then-Associate Justice Rehnquist .
He spent many years as a lawyer in the Reagan administration then entered private practice , arguing before the high court and serving as one of several legal advisers to George W Bush in the Florida presidential recount case .
Originally nominated to fill the spot left by retiring Justice Sandra Day O'Connor @ @ @ @ @ @ @ justice position after Chief Justice Rehnquist died between terms , and his nomination was fast-tracked .
Who is he as a justice : A conservative justice , Roberts is the third-youngest Chief Justice in the court 's history , confirmed at 50 years old .
Last year 's term saw more than half its cases decided unanimously , something many court watchers cite as the outcome of Roberts ' desire to foster agreement through narrower rulings .
He also notably wrote the 5-4 opinion that shot down a major challenge to President Barack @ @ @ @ @ @ @ think he cares deeply about how the 'Roberts court ' looks , '' Lithwick says , and knows he can move the court slowly over decades .
`` He does n't want huge swings , except in areas he feels very strongly about , '' Coyle says , like government 's role in racial issues , campaign finance 's relation to free speech and the structure of constitution .
Roberts also looks to keep decorum on the bench during oral arguments .
Justice 's Opinion : Roberts , writing for the majority in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ out a part of the Voting Rights Act which requires certain states to gain permission of the justice department before changing their voting laws .
`` At the same time , voting discrimination still exists ; no one doubts that .
The question is whether the Act 's extraordinary measures , including its disparate treatment of the States , continue to satisfy constitutional requirements .
As we put it a short time ago , `` the Act imposes current burdens and must be justified by current needs '' .
On the court since @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to the court : Breyer grew up in San Francisco with a lawyer father and a politically-active mother , attending Stanford , then Harvard Law .
After clerking for Justice Arthur Goldberg , he moved into government , working as counsel in various positions in Congress , including as an assistant special prosecutor in the Watergate investigation .
He spent a lengthy period of time on the First Circuit Court of Appeals and was considered for a Supreme Court nomination in 1991 .
It went to Ruth Bader Ginsburg instead .
President Clinton @ @ @ @ @ @ @ retired from the court in 1994. Who is he as a justice ?
Breyer believes the court needs to consider the history of laws , the intent of Congress and the consequences of its decisions .
`` He believes deeply in government and government processes , '' Lithwick says .
Breyer , the king of the complicated hypothetical , has sought to `` bridge gaps '' in differences between the justices , Coyle says , by listening closely to find give-and-take between justices on an issue .
`` Those hypothetical questions are really @ @ @ @ @ @ @ says .
He did this last year while writing a 9-0 opinion in a politically charged case over the president 's power to appoint judges and other officials during Senate recesses .
The ruling was narrowly decided against the president , and both the conservative and liberal wings were in agreement on the final judgement - but not all the details .
`` There is a great deal of history to consider here .
Presidents have made recess appointments since the beginning of the Republic .
Their frequency suggests that the Senate and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ be both necessary and appropriate in certain circumstances .
We have not previously interpreted the Clause , and , when doing so for the first time in more than 200 years , we must hesitate to upset the compromises and working arrangements that the elected branches of Government themselves have reached . ''
On the court since : 23 October 1991 How he got to the court : Thomas was born in a small town in Georgia , and was one of the few African-Americans in attendance during a short stint in seminary @ @ @ @ @ @ @ But unlike Justice Sotomayor , those experiences made him distrustful of affirmative action policies .
After finishing Yale Law , he worked in Missouri government and in Washington DC before being named chairman of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission , an agency that responds to discrimination claims in the workplace .
After a bruising confirmation hearing - in which a former employee accused him of sexual harassment - Thomas was narrowly confirmed to Supreme Court , at the relatively young age of 43. Who is he as a justice ?
Thomas ' originalism @ @ @ @ @ @ @ stare decisis , respect for prior court rulings and precedence .
Thomas has also not asked a question during oral arguments in nine years .
He has previously said he does n't care for the question-heavy arguments , sometimes already drafting opinions based on written briefs before any lawyer gets up to argue .
Thomas often files entirely separate dissents rarely joined by others , but Coyle says he is influential in other ways , including during conferences only justices attend , and in `` difficult decisions '' in areas that do n't @ @ @ @ @ @ @ intellectual property and tax law .
Thomas replaced the first African-American justice on the court - Thurgood Marshall - and remains the only current black justice .
Justice 's Opinion : In a dissent to a 2011 case , Brown v Entertainment Merchants Association , Thomas argues it is a mistake for the court to overturn a California law banning the sale of violent video games to minors .
`` But I do not think the First Amendment stretches that far .
The practices and beliefs of the founding generation establish that 'the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ understood , does not include a right to speak to minors ( or a right of minors to access speech ) without going through the minors ' parents or guardians . ''
On the court since : 10 April , 2017 How he got to the court : At 49 , Gorsuch was the youngest nominee in a quarter of a century when he was approved in 2017 .
The Colorado native , whose legal pedigree includes Harvard and Oxford , was first nominated to the 10th US Circuit Court of Appeals by @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
He began his law career clerking for Supreme Court Justices Byron White and Anthony Kennedy , and worked in a private law practice in Washington for a decade and served as the principal deputy assistant associate attorney general at the Justice Department under the Bush administration .
Judge Gorsuch graduated from Columbia University and Harvard Law School , where former President Barack Obama was a classmate , and earned a doctorate in legal philosophy at Oxford University .
Who is he as a justice ?
Gorsuch succeeded the late Supreme Court Justice @ @ @ @ @ @ @ who consider him to espouse a similarly strict interpretation of law .
In his first year on the court he has cemented the 5-4 conservative advantage , and that 's been seen in a series of rulings on contentious issues such as the Trump travel ban , trade union fees and gerrymandering .
On the court since : 6 October , 2018 How he got to the court : Kavanaugh served on the influential Court of Appeals for the District of Colombia Circuit and was formerly a White House aide under George W @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Starr , the independent counsel who investigated Democratic President Bill Clinton in the 1990s .
His confirmation process was one of the most controversial in recent years amid allegations of sexual misconduct in the 1980s , which he denied .
After a hearing in which one of his accusers gave a dramatic testimony of the alleged incident and Kavanaugh fiercely defended his record , he was approved by the Senate by 50-48 .
Born in Washington , DC in 1965 , Kavanaugh studied at Georgetown Preparatory School an all-boys school in Bethesda , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and Yale Law School .
Who is he as a justice ?
He succeeded Anthony Kennedy , who was the Supreme Court 's swing vote , often casting the deciding opinion in 5-4 cases , consolidating a conservative majority at the top court .
Some Democrats fiercely opposed to his name for his views on delicate issues such as abortion .
His views on the environment and gun rights have also raised concerns among environmentalists and gun control activists .

How she got to the court: The first black woman to sit on the court in its 233-year history is also the first justice since 1967 to come to the court with extensive experience as a criminal defence attorney. Before the US Supreme Court, the Washington DC native served on the influential US court of Appeals for the DC circuit. She has two degrees from Harvard University and once served as editor of the Harvard Law Review. Ms Jackson has said she has a "methodology" to deciding cases but not an overarching philosophy. Some conservatives have accused her of being "soft" on criminals, pointing to her experience as a public defender and willingness as a federal judge to issue prison sentences below federal guidelines.


bbc--2020-09-18--Coronavirus: what Israel's second lockdown feels like

Israel is the first country to impose a second nationwide lockdown after a spike in coronavirus cases .
Sylvan Perlmutter @ @ @ @ @ the BBC what living in the first country to experience a second nationwide lockdown is @ @

Israel is the first country to impose a second nationwide lockdown after a spike in coronavirus cases.
Sylvan Perlmutter and Eliahu Garcia Lozano told the BBC what living in the first country to experience a second nationwide lockdown is like.


bbc--2020-09-19--RBG - remembering a trailblazer for women’s rights

The Supreme Court justice , Ruth Bader Ginsburg , has died at the age of 87 after undergoing treatment for @ @ @ @ @ for women 's rights , she became only the second woman to sit on the @ @ @ @ @ As a young mother , Ginsburg was unable to get a job in a law @ @ @ @ @ Law School .
As one of four liberal justices on the highest court , her @ @ @ @ @ President Trump trying to expand the court 's conservative majority .

The Supreme Court justice, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, has died at the age of 87 after undergoing treatment for pancreatic cancer.
A trailblazer for women's rights, she became only the second woman to sit on the country's highest court.
As a young mother, Ginsburg was unable to get a job in a law firm after graduating from Harvard Law School.
As one of four liberal justices on the highest court, her death raises the prospect of President Trump trying to expand the court's conservative majority.


bbc--2020-09-19--IPL 2020: The players who could become new cricket superstars

But everything will be different this time because of the coronavirus pandemic .
The matches will be played in empty stadiums and the usual parties will also not happen .
Here are some of the players who have the potential to be match-winners for their teams .
His dream came true soon after he returned to India after playing in the under-19 World Cup in South Africa in February .
Tendulkar met him and praised his performances in the tournament .
His team has huge expectations from him and it 's obvious why if we look at his Under-19 World @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , 105 not out , 62 , 57 not out , 29 not out and 57 .
He was the top scorer in this year 's edition and became only the third batsman in the tournament 's history to score five half centuries .
Jaiswal came to the bustling city of Mumbai from a small town in Uttar Pradesh state to better his skills .
He slept rough and sold street snacks to make a living .
A local coach soon spotted him and took him under his wings - and his life @ @ @ @ @ @ @ It wo n't be easy for him to make a mark in his star-studded team which has international stalwarts like Jos Butler and Ben Stokes .
But then he knows how to make his mark , especially when the going gets tough .
He took 17 wickets , often at crucial times to help India win matches .
His team lost the finals to Bangladesh , but Bishnoi emerged as one of the star performers from the tournament .
He is part of the Kings XI Punjab team in the IPL , and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ in their campaign .
The Kings are largely a mid-table side and they will be looking at Bishnoi to repeat his World Cup heroics for them .
Garg captained India under-19 in the World Cup and took his side to the final .
Though his scores were modest , they do n't tell the full story .
The middle-order batsman also has a strong reputation in India 's domestic cricket tournaments .
He made his first-class debut in 2018 for Uttar Pradesh state and soon scored a double hundred , announcing his arrival @ @ @ @ @ @ @ heavily in other matches too and that paved the way for him to become the captain of the under-19 side .
Sunrisers Hyderabad have put faith in him in this year 's IPL .
If history is to be taken into account , Garg 's chances of a promising career look bright .

His team has huge expectations from him and it's obvious why if we look at his Under-19 World Cup record. His scores read 88, 105 not out, 62, 57 not out, 29 not out and 57. He was the top scorer in this year's edition and became only the third batsman in the tournament's history to score five half centuries.


bbc--2020-09-18--Reed leads DeChambeau by one shot in US Open at testing Winged Foot

Patrick Reed holds a one-shot lead heading into the weekend at the US Open after a chaotic second round in windy conditions at a tricky Winged Foot .
But fellow American Reed birdied the last as he scrambled to four under par .
Overnight leader Justin Thomas fell back with a three-over 73 , while Rory McIlroy is seven adrift after a 76 .
Thomas started the second round on five under but had four bogeys and a double bogey before a couple of birdies in his closing holes lifted him to two under .
• None Re-live the action @ @ @ @ @ @ @ leaderboard after two rounds Northern Ireland 's McIlroy , chasing his fifth major and first since 2014 , started the day two shots off the lead and birdied the first .
But seven bogeys and a double bogey followed as he dropped away to three over par .
World number one Dustin Johnson is also at three over after dropping two shots in his final three holes in a level-par 70 .
Former Masters champion Reed made five bogeys during his level-par 70 on Friday but was continuously able to claw shots back @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ninth , his 18th , edged the world number 10 into the lead .
`` Thursday was soft , benign , the pins were more accessible , '' said Reed , who opened with a four-under 66 .
`` It 's almost like they set it up to ease us in and then they showed us what it was really going to be like .
You had to shoot a low one on Thursday because you knew Friday was going to be brutal . ''
DeChambeau , who signed for a two-under-par 68 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to shoot better than par in round two , with fellow American Bubba Watson and Japan 's Hideki Matsuyama carding 69s .
However , 17 players sit within six shots of the lead at the halfway point of the men 's second major of 2020 , which was delayed from June because of the coronavirus pandemic .
DeChambeau stated earlier in the week he would be looking to overpower Winged Foot 's notoriously difficult West course , where only one of five men 's US Open winners have finished under par .
The @ @ @ @ @ @ @ driver on the PGA Tour last season , showcased that power with a 380-yard drive on the par-five ninth , his final hole , before pitching to within six feet to set up his closing eagle .
DeChambeau revealed some late-night practice after his opening round had paid off as the 27-year-old carded the best round of the day .
`` I knew it was going to be cooler and so I waited and was able to hit balls almost in dark , '' added the American , who said the windy conditions @ @ @ @ @ @ @ `` I knew it was going to be similar conditions so we got some good numbers with my wedges and I felt really comfortable . ''
Watson , who almost returned home on Wednesday to be with his family when Hurricane Sally hit Florida , was the only other player in the early wave to shoot under par .
The American 's one-under 69 would have looked even better if not for a double bogey on his last hole that put him at one over heading into the weekend .
World number three @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , endured a troubling start with four bogeys in five holes on his front nine before double-bogeying the first , his 10th .
But he recovered with birdies on both par threes on his closing stretch to card a three-over 73 that leaves him at two under .
Only six players are under par heading into the third round , with Harris English tied with Thomas at two under after he followed his opening 68 with a well-constructed 70 on Friday .
Players enjoyed unusually benign conditions on the opening day at Winged @ @ @ @ @ @ @ five over par in 2006 when it last staged the US Open , but the West course began to bite back on Friday .
Despite relatively low scores , no player carded a bogey-free round on day one and difficult pin positions during a windy second round kept scoring at a premium .
Xander Schauffele , one of the favourites to win his first major , birdied the 11th to briefly move within two shots of the lead but three bogeys in his final five holes saw the American finish with a two-over @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
South Africa 's former Open champion Louis Oosthuizen also climbed to within two of the lead but he followed back-to-back bogeys with a double at the last to card a 74 and slip to one over par .
Thomas Pieters , who started the day on four under , moved into the lead with two birdies on the front nine , but unravelled after the turn as six bogeys saw him fall back to level par .
`` It 's definitely twice as tough as Thursday , with the wind , '' @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
England 's former world number one Lee Westwood also failed to build on an opening 67 , beginning his round with back-to-back bogeys and adding another at the sixth .
A birdie on the par-five ninth offered the 47-year-old some relief , but he dropped four shots in his final three holes for a six-over 76 that leaves him three over par for the week .
Compatriot Matt Wallace is two further back at five over , alongside Scotland 's Robert MacIntyre on his US Open debut .
However , Tommy Fleetwood @ @ @ @ @ @ @ find any momentum as five birdies were wiped out by nine dropped shots , including a double-bogey at the second to finish eight over and miss the cut , which came at six over par .
Justin Rose , the 2013 winner , also missed out on 10 over , while Gary Woodland 's US Open defence came to an end with a second round of 74 .
And what of Tiger Woods ?
The three-time US Open winner , who missed the cut at Winged Foot in 2006 , following the death @ @ @ @ @ @ @ missing from the weekend this year .
`` It 's frustrating that I 'm not going to be here for the weekend , '' Woods , who finished on 10 over said .
`` It feels like the way the golf course is changing , anybody who makes the cut has the opportunity to win this championship . ''

US Open second-round leaderboard -4 P Reed (US); -3 B DeChambeau (US); -2 J Thomas (US), R Cabrera-Bello (Spa), H English (US); -1 J Kokrak (US) Selected others: Level X Schauffele (US); +1 J Rahm (Spa); +3 L Westwood (Eng), D Johnson (US), R McIlroy (NI); +5 M Wallace (Eng); +6 S Lowry (Ire); +8 T Fleetwood (Eng), G Woodland (US); +10 T Woods (US), J Rose (Eng)
Patrick Reed holds a one-shot lead heading into the weekend at the US Open after a chaotic second round in windy conditions at a tricky Winged Foot.
Bryson DeChambeau eagled his final hole to set the target at three under par early on and then watched as many of his challengers crumbled in New York.
But fellow American Reed birdied the last as he scrambled to four under par.
Overnight leader Justin Thomas fell back with a three-over 73, while Rory McIlroy is seven adrift after a 76.
Thomas started the second round on five under but had four bogeys and a double bogey before a couple of birdies in his closing holes lifted him to two under.
Northern Ireland's McIlroy, chasing his fifth major and first since 2014, started the day two shots off the lead and birdied the first. But seven bogeys and a double bogey followed as he dropped away to three over par.
World number one Dustin Johnson is also at three over after dropping two shots in his final three holes in a level-par 70.
Former Masters champion Reed made five bogeys during his level-par 70 on Friday but was continuously able to claw shots back and a birdie at the 557-yard par-five ninth, his 18th, edged the world number 10 into the lead.
"Thursday was soft, benign, the pins were more accessible," said Reed, who opened with a four-under 66.
"It's almost like they set it up to ease us in and then they showed us what it was really going to be like. You had to shoot a low one on Thursday because you knew Friday was going to be brutal."
DeChambeau, who signed for a two-under-par 68, was one of only three players to shoot better than par in round two, with fellow American Bubba Watson and Japan's Hideki Matsuyama carding 69s.
However, 17 players sit within six shots of the lead at the halfway point of the men's second major of 2020, which was delayed from June because of the coronavirus pandemic.
DeChambeau shines in tricky conditions
Bryson DeChambeau is now one of the game's longest drivers after packing on extra muscle
DeChambeau stated earlier in the week he would be looking to overpower Winged Foot's notoriously difficult West course, where only one of five men's US Open winners have finished under par.
The world number nine, the longest average driver on the PGA Tour last season, showcased that power with a 380-yard drive on the par-five ninth, his final hole, before pitching to within six feet to set up his closing eagle.
DeChambeau revealed some late-night practice after his opening round had paid off as the 27-year-old carded the best round of the day.
"I knew it was going to be cooler and so I waited and was able to hit balls almost in dark," added the American, who said the windy conditions made it "super tough".
"I knew it was going to be similar conditions so we got some good numbers with my wedges and I felt really comfortable."
Watson, who almost returned home on Wednesday to be with his family when Hurricane Sally hit Florida, was the only other player in the early wave to shoot under par.
The American's one-under 69 would have looked even better if not for a double bogey on his last hole that put him at one over heading into the weekend.
World number three Thomas, one of the late starters, endured a troubling start with four bogeys in five holes on his front nine before double-bogeying the first, his 10th.
But he recovered with birdies on both par threes on his closing stretch to card a three-over 73 that leaves him at two under.
Only six players are under par heading into the third round, with Harris English tied with Thomas at two under after he followed his opening 68 with a well-constructed 70 on Friday.
Woods, Fleetwood and Rose heading home
Players enjoyed unusually benign conditions on the opening day at Winged Foot, where Geoff Ogilvy won at five over par in 2006 when it last staged the US Open, but the West course began to bite back on Friday.
Despite relatively low scores, no player carded a bogey-free round on day one and difficult pin positions during a windy second round kept scoring at a premium.
Xander Schauffele, one of the favourites to win his first major, birdied the 11th to briefly move within two shots of the lead but three bogeys in his final five holes saw the American finish with a two-over 72 to sit level for the tournament.
South Africa's former Open champion Louis Oosthuizen also climbed to within two of the lead but he followed back-to-back bogeys with a double at the last to card a 74 and slip to one over par.
Thomas Pieters, who started the day on four under, moved into the lead with two birdies on the front nine, but unravelled after the turn as six bogeys saw him fall back to level par.
"It's definitely twice as tough as Thursday, with the wind," said the Belgian after his four-over-par 74.
England's former world number one Lee Westwood also failed to build on an opening 67, beginning his round with back-to-back bogeys and adding another at the sixth.
A birdie on the par-five ninth offered the 47-year-old some relief, but he dropped four shots in his final three holes for a six-over 76 that leaves him three over par for the week.
Compatriot Matt Wallace is two further back at five over, alongside Scotland's Robert MacIntyre on his US Open debut.
However, Tommy Fleetwood - runner-up in 2018 - struggled to find any momentum as five birdies were wiped out by nine dropped shots, including a double-bogey at the second to finish eight over and miss the cut, which came at six over par.
Justin Rose, the 2013 winner, also missed out on 10 over, while Gary Woodland's US Open defence came to an end with a second round of 74.
And what of Tiger Woods? The three-time US Open winner, who missed the cut at Winged Foot in 2006, following the death of his father, will also be missing from the weekend this year.
"It's frustrating that I'm not going to be here for the weekend," Woods, who finished on 10 over said. "It feels like the way the golf course is changing, anybody who makes the cut has the opportunity to win this championship."


bbc--2020-09-19--Liverpool agree £45m deal for Wolves forward Jota

Last updated on .From the section Liverpool Liverpool have agreed to sign Wolverhampton Wanderers forward Diogo Jota for £41m in a deal that could rise to £45m with add-ons .
The move follows Liverpool 's £20m capture of Spain midfielder Thiago Alcantara from Bayern Munich .
The Jota deal represents a net spend of about £30m , with defender Ki-Jana Hoever , 18 , going the other way for £9m and a possible £4.5m in add-ons .
The Premier League champions have also negotiated a 15 % sell-on clause in the transfer that takes young Dutch defender Hoever to Molineux @ @ @ @ @ @ @ are picking up an absolute superstar' Jota can play across the forward line and would provide further cover - in addition to Takumi Minamino and Divock Origi - for Liverpool 's vaunted front three of Sadio Mane , Roberto Firmino and Mohamed Salah .
The former Atletico Madrid player joined Wolves on loan in their 2017-18 Championship-winning campaign before making a £12.8m permanent switch in 2018 .
Jota has made 131 appearances for the Molineux side , scoring 44 goals , including hat-tricks in last season 's Europa League victories against Besiktas and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ become Liverpool 's third summer signing following the arrival of Alcantara and Greece left-back Kostas Tsimikas for about £11.7m .
Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page .

Last updated on .From the section Liverpool
Jota will wear the number 20 shirt vacated by Adam Lallana
Liverpool have completed the signing of Portugal forward Diogo Jota from Wolves in a £41m deal that could rise to £45m with add-ons.
The 23-year-old has signed a five-year contract with the Premier League champions.
"It's just a really exciting moment for me and my family," said Jota.
The move represents a net outlay of about £30m for Liverpool, with defender Ki-Jana Hoever moving the other way for £9m and a possible £4.5m in add-ons.
Liverpool have also negotiated a 15% sell-on clause in the transfer taking Dutch player Hoever to Molineux.
"When you look at the Premier League, you always see Liverpool as one of the biggest teams in the country, so it's impossible to say no," said Jota.
"I think I am a team player. I play up front and my job is to find a way to score goals and to provide assists and that's what they can expect from me - that I will always do my best.
"I will always try to help the team in the best way possible."
Jota's move follows the Anfield club's £20m capture of Spain midfielder Thiago Alcantara from Bayern Munich on Friday.
They have also signed Greece left-back Kostas Tsimikas for about £11.7m this summer.
Jota can play across the forward line and would provide further cover - in addition to Takumi Minamino and Divock Origi - for Liverpool's front three of Sadio Mane, Roberto Firmino and Mohamed Salah.
"He is a player who gives us so many options to use him," said Reds boss Jurgen Klopp. "He's 23 years old, still far away from being kind of a finished article, so much potential.
"He has the speed, he can combine, can defend, can press. It makes it just more unpredictable and gives us real options for different systems."
'Diogo is going to the right place'
Former Atletico Madrid forward Jota joined Wolves on loan in their 2017-18 Championship-winning campaign before making a £12.8m permanent switch in 2018.
He made 131 appearances for the Molineux side, scoring 44 goals, including hat-tricks in last season's Europa League victories against Besiktas and Espanyol.
"We did the deal because it is good for everyone," said Wolves boss Nuno Espirito Santo. "Diogo was happy here but players like new challenges.
"Diogo is amazing and everybody knows the relationship we built. What Diogo did for us is absolutely fantastic.
"I think Diogo is going to the right place and we wish him all the best, knowing that it will never be forgotten, especially by our fans, all the memorable moments that Diogo provided."
On Hoever, Nuno added: "He's a player that I think really has potential, has talent. And it's up to us to take the best out of him."
Find all the latest football transfers on our dedicated page.


bbc--2020-09-19--‘Liverpool are getting an absolute superstar’ - what Thiago will bring to the champions

Liverpool fans have been told they have signed an `` absolute superstar '' in Thiago Alcantara .
So just how good is the 2019-20 Treble winner , how does he compare to Liverpool 's current midfield options and will anybody have to leave Anfield now ?
What kind of player is Thiago ?
How good is he ?
Put quite simply , Thiago is one of the world 's best midfielders - and one of the most successful .
He has won a major league title nine times in his 10 seasons ( since he started played enough games in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ) - two with Barcelona and seven in a row with Bayern .
He has also won the Champions League twice , once with each team .
`` There is a lot of reason to get excited , '' German football journalist Raphael Honigstein told BBC Radio 5 Live 's Euro Leagues podcast .
`` Liverpool fans should consider themselves very lucky because they are picking up an absolute superstar who could probably play in any team in the world .
`` Thiago is in the form of his life .
The way @ @ @ @ @ @ @ combining that skill and elegance with winning balls back .
He makes it look effortless . ''
Thiago also has huge international pedigree .
Born in Italy , he plays for Spain , the country where he was raised , even though his father Mazinho ( a 1994 World Cup winner ) and brother Rafinha - both Brazil internationals - tried to persuade him to play for their country instead .
Perhaps the biggest compliment is that when his former Barca boss Pep Guardiola took over at Bayern Munich , he said : @ @ @ @ @ @ @ told them about my concept and told them why I want Thiago .
He is the only player that I want .
It will be him or no-one . ''
How does he compare to Liverpool 's midfielders ?
How will he fit in ?
Thiago is a central midfielder - although he can play any role in that area .
He is capable of playing as a defensive midfielder , as a box-to-box player or as a number 10 if needed .
Last season he only managed three goals , and made @ @ @ @ @ @ @ He only played twice in the nine league games after the restart because of a groin injury - although he did feature in their German Cup and Champions League final wins .
He completed more passes in the Bundesliga than any Liverpool player managed in the Premier League last season despite playing significantly fewer minutes than Fabinho , Jordan Henderson and Georginio Wijnaldum .
His passing accuracy of 90.5 % was only slightly edged by Wijnaldum ( 90.8 % ) .
He had more recoveries ( 195 ) and made more interceptions ( @ @ @ @ @ @ @ midfielders , although Henderson and Fabinho put in more tackles .
Only Henderson created more chances ( 27 to 20 ) , while Wijnaldum ( 15 ) and Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain ( 10 ) had more shots on target than Thiago 's nine .
Thiago led all Liverpool 's midfielders in dribbles attempted ( 85 ) and completed ( 71 ) .
Honigstein said : `` It adds something to that Liverpool midfield , which does n't quite have that skillset .
The idea is to rotate a lot more .
`` There will @ @ @ @ @ @ @ be the shortest , most insane season ever , so to rotate players around is going to be brilliant for a team who play with so much energy . ''
Why are Bayern letting him go ?
It may come as a surprise that Bayern Munich are letting a player go who started and excelled in their Champions League final win over Paris St-Germain last month , for a relatively cheap fee .
But his contract would have expired next summer .
`` Bayern are letting this happen - which is slightly negligent @ @ @ @ @ @ @ tried to renew his contract late on .
Now he is coming to Liverpool for a very small sum .
`` Bayern did n't have much choice in the end .
They did n't want to run down his contract , he did n't want to run down his contract .
`` He was agitating for Liverpool and Bayern to come to a decision .
Bayern need to generate some money before they can spend again , such are the effects of coronavirus . ''
Does it mean Wijnaldum will leave ?
There @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Netherlands midfielder Wijnaldum could be allowed to leave this summer - with Barcelona interested .
James Pearce , the Athletic 's Liverpool reporter , told 5 Live : `` Until the past few days the club 's stance was they would only firm up their interest in Thiago if they were to lose a midfielder and Wijnaldum was the obvious one .
`` I do n't think it is inevitable Wijnaldum will go because since he has returned from international duty , the word has been he has knuckled down and wants to @ @ @ @ @

Thiago has won the Champions League twice - with Barcelona in 2011 and Bayern Munich this year
Liverpool fans have been told they have signed an "absolute superstar" in Thiago Alcantara.
The Spain midfielder, 29, completed his move from Bayern Munich for a seemingly bargain price of £20m on Friday.
So just how good is the 2019-20 Treble winner, how does he compare to Liverpool's current midfield options and will anybody have to leave Anfield now?
What kind of player is Thiago? How good is he?
Put quite simply, Thiago is one of the world's best midfielders - and one of the most successful.
He has won a major league title nine times in his 10 seasons (since he started played enough games in a season to qualify for a medal) - two with Barcelona and seven in a row with Bayern. He has also won the Champions League twice, once with each team.
"There is a lot of reason to get excited," German football journalist Raphael Honigstein told BBC Radio 5 Live's Euro Leagues podcast.
"Liverpool fans should consider themselves very lucky because they are picking up an absolute superstar who could probably play in any team in the world.
"Thiago is in the form of his life. The way he played in the Champions League, combining that skill and elegance with winning balls back. He makes it look effortless."
Thiago also has huge international pedigree. Born in Italy, he plays for Spain, the country where he was raised, even though his father Mazinho (a 1994 World Cup winner) and brother Rafinha - both Brazil internationals - tried to persuade him to play for their country instead.
Perhaps the biggest compliment is that when his former Barca boss Pep Guardiola took over at Bayern Munich, he said: "I spoke to the club and told them about my concept and told them why I want Thiago. He is the only player that I want. It will be him or no-one."
How does he compare to Liverpool's midfielders? How will he fit in?
How will Thiago get on under Jurgen Klopp at Liverpool?
Thiago is a central midfielder - although he can play any role in that area. He is capable of playing as a defensive midfielder, as a box-to-box player or as a number 10 if needed.
Last season he only managed three goals, and made no assists, in the Bundesliga. He only played twice in the nine league games after the restart because of a groin injury - although he did feature in their German Cup and Champions League final wins.
He completed more passes in the Bundesliga than any Liverpool player managed in the Premier League last season despite playing significantly fewer minutes than Fabinho, Jordan Henderson and Georginio Wijnaldum.
His passing accuracy of 90.5% was only slightly edged by Wijnaldum (90.8%).
He had more recoveries (195) and made more interceptions (45) than any of Liverpool's midfielders, although Henderson and Fabinho put in more tackles.
Only Henderson created more chances (27 to 20), while Wijnaldum (15) and Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain (10) had more shots on target than Thiago's nine.
Thiago led all Liverpool's midfielders in dribbles attempted (85) and completed (71).
How does Thiago compare to Liverpool's other midfielders? Stats from league in 2019-20 Thiago Fabinho Henderson Keita Milner Oxlade-Chamberlain Wijnaldum Games 24 28 30 18 22 30 37 Chances created 20 19 27 15 10 17 18 Shots 18 12 20 12 12 40 36 Successful passes 1,626 1,373 1,568 602 650 583 1,476 Interceptions 45 34 30 10 6 22 17 Dribbles completed 71 9 17 23 10 29 41
Honigstein said: "It adds something to that Liverpool midfield, which doesn't quite have that skillset. The idea is to rotate a lot more.
"There will be so many games. This will be the shortest, most insane season ever, so to rotate players around is going to be brilliant for a team who play with so much energy."
Why are Bayern letting him go?
It may come as a surprise that Bayern Munich are letting a player go who started and excelled in their Champions League final win over Paris St-Germain last month, for a relatively cheap fee.
But his contract would have expired next summer.
"Bayern are letting this happen - which is slightly negligent," said Honigstein. "They tried to renew his contract late on. Now he is coming to Liverpool for a very small sum.
"Bayern didn't have much choice in the end. They didn't want to run down his contract, he didn't want to run down his contract.
"He was agitating for Liverpool and Bayern to come to a decision. Bayern need to generate some money before they can spend again, such are the effects of coronavirus."
Does it mean Wijnaldum will leave?
Georginio Wijnaldum has scored 19 goals in 188 games for Liverpool since his 2016 move from Newcastle
There had been reports that Liverpool's 29-year-old Netherlands midfielder Wijnaldum could be allowed to leave this summer - with Barcelona interested.
James Pearce, the Athletic's Liverpool reporter, told 5 Live: "Until the past few days the club's stance was they would only firm up their interest in Thiago if they were to lose a midfielder and Wijnaldum was the obvious one.
"I don't think it is inevitable Wijnaldum will go because since he has returned from international duty, the word has been he has knuckled down and wants to stay with Liverpool."


bbc--2020-09-19--'Let's use our voices to grow our game' - Isa Guha column

Six months ago , I was at the Melbourne Cricket Ground , along with 86,000 other people , watching the final of one of the best tournaments I have ever been a part of .
Ten years ago , I could not have imagined anything like the crowd we saw .
I remember playing at the MCG for England in front of 20,000 and it felt as though no-one had come to watch .
That day in March gave us goosebumps .
It was an incredible , emotional moment for all of us , and a massive celebration of women @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the world changed overnight .
It has been a long time coming but we will finally get to see England in action again when they take on West Indies in a five-match T20 series , which starts on Monday .
Women in sport have traditionally had to have a level of acceptance , or understanding , of OK , you are not going to get as many opportunities as the men .
I felt as though we slipped into that mindset very quickly when the pandemic first took hold .
It was important @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to really push for the women 's game , and make sure that they were not cast aside .
It 's been a challenging time for everyone but for the England and Wales Cricket Board to get some international women 's cricket on at the end of the season is really important .
You hear the awful news about job losses at the ECB and the money lost within the game .
For them to commit to the women 's game , firstly with the Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy and then the West @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
I firmly believe there needs to be equity in terms of the amount of time that is spent on women 's cricket and focus towards it .
Something I have always thought of , coming from an Asian background , is why are there not more Asian girls who progress to county and England international level ?
There are different challenges in different communities .
In the Asian community , for example , there could be traditional families who try and steer their daughters away from sport and focus on education .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ be that you can have both .
Although the professional era has allowed women an opportunity to earn a living through cricket , even more so with the introduction of domestic contracts , I still think it is feasible to have both .
I know Ebony Rainford-Brent , who is director of women 's cricket as Surrey , has been surprised by how many people have turned up to her ACE programme , which aims to increase Afro-Caribbean representation in the game .
The interest is there .
But how do we change @ @ @ @ @ @ @ representation ?
Initiatives like 'Bollycricket ' , which Amna Rafiq has developed , are fantastic .
It is not just for youngsters ; it can help change the perception of women , especially if they are a mother , to encourage their young daughter to go and play at higher honours .
Scouting programmes for BAME communities and links to counties would be hugely beneficial as well as mentors and increased representation at every level of the game , from coaches and umpires to boards .
I was fortunate to have supportive parents @ @ @ @ @ @ @ it was in my genes .
I copied everything my brother did and we had a long , thin back garden , which made for the perfect cricket wicket .
It was classic back garden scenario where he would get me out quickly , and then I would proceed to bowl at him for the rest of the evening .
I was seven or eight when I went down to the local cricket club .
There were not any girls teams at the time , so Mum convinced Dad it was fine for @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
I was the only British-Indian girl in a team full of British boys and British-Pakistani boys .
Because my parents did not see it as an issue , no-one else did .
In fact , the only thing the boys were scared of was getting out to a girl , and I fed off that energy .
I hope by having more ambassadors for our game - the ECB has helped put 2,000 female volunteers in the South East Asian community hotspots - we can continue to grow the pathways .
Exposure @ @ @ @ @ @ @ why I 'm so excited about this series , and the televised game on the BBC .
Sky have made a huge impact through investment and support of the women 's game in the last decade and visibility can only enhance that - with an opportunity to broadcast to the masses so kids believe they can go on and do something similar .
And that 's not just among young girls .
I have seen boys in Australia say they want to be the next Ellyse Perry .
Young lads walked away from @ @ @ @ @ @ @ be Anya Shrubsole or Sarah Taylor .
Essentially , it becomes normalised , and that is what we are striving for .
We will use our voices to push women 's sport to the forefront and grow the game as much as we can .
Because you can not be what you can not see .

England v West Indies: Women's T20 international series Venue: Incora County Ground, Derby Dates: 21, 23, 26, 28, 30 September Coverage: Third game (26 September) live on BBC TV; Ball-by-ball Test Match Special commentary on all games with highlights on BBC TV, live text commentary and in-play clips on BBC Sport website & app
Six months ago, I was at the Melbourne Cricket Ground, along with 86,000 other people, watching the final of one of the best tournaments I have ever been a part of.
The Women's T20 World Cup in Australia meant so much to all of us who were commentating or broadcasting on the games because it showed us how far we had come.
Ten years ago, I could not have imagined anything like the crowd we saw. I remember playing at the MCG for England in front of 20,000 and it felt as though no-one had come to watch.
That day in March gave us goosebumps. It was an incredible, emotional moment for all of us, and a massive celebration of women and women's sport.
And then the world changed overnight.
It has been a long time coming but we will finally get to see England in action again when they take on West Indies in a five-match T20 series, which starts on Monday.
Women in sport have traditionally had to have a level of acceptance, or understanding, of OK, you are not going to get as many opportunities as the men.
I felt as though we slipped into that mindset very quickly when the pandemic first took hold. It was important there were enough voices around the world to really push for the women's game, and make sure that they were not cast aside.
It's been a challenging time for everyone but for the England and Wales Cricket Board to get some international women's cricket on at the end of the season is really important.
You hear the awful news about job losses at the ECB and the money lost within the game. For them to commit to the women's game, firstly with the Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy and then the West Indies series, sends an vital message.
I firmly believe there needs to be equity in terms of the amount of time that is spent on women's cricket and focus towards it.
Dr. Samara Afzal: The cricket trailblazer honoured by Chris Woakes
Something I have always thought of, coming from an Asian background, is why are there not more Asian girls who progress to county and England international level?
There are different challenges in different communities. In the Asian community, for example, there could be traditional families who try and steer their daughters away from sport and focus on education.
My message has always and will always be that you can have both. Although the professional era has allowed women an opportunity to earn a living through cricket, even more so with the introduction of domestic contracts, I still think it is feasible to have both.
I know Ebony Rainford-Brent, who is director of women's cricket as Surrey, has been surprised by how many people have turned up to her ACE programme external-link , which aims to increase Afro-Caribbean representation in the game.
The interest is there. But how do we change what we are seeing by way of representation?
Initiatives like 'Bollycricket', which Amna Rafiq has developed, are fantastic. It is not just for youngsters; it can help change the perception of women, especially if they are a mother, to encourage their young daughter to go and play at higher honours.
How Amna Rafiq is getting more South Asian girls into cricket
Scouting programmes for BAME communities and links to counties would be hugely beneficial as well as mentors and increased representation at every level of the game, from coaches and umpires to boards.
I was fortunate to have supportive parents and fell in love with cricket as it was in my genes. I copied everything my brother did and we had a long, thin back garden, which made for the perfect cricket wicket.
It was classic back garden scenario where he would get me out quickly, and then I would proceed to bowl at him for the rest of the evening.
I was seven or eight when I went down to the local cricket club. There were not any girls' teams at the time, so Mum and Dad gave me the nod to play in an all-boys' team.
I was the only British-Indian girl in a team full of British boys and British-Pakistani boys. Because my parents did not see it as an issue, no-one else did. In fact, the only thing that the boys were scared of was getting out to a girl, and I absolutely fed off that.
I hope by having more ambassadors for our game - the ECB has helped put 2,000 female volunteers in the South East Asian community hotspots - we can continue to grow the pathways.
Fan Tales: 'Girls don't have same opportunities as boys in cricket'
Exposure helps, too, and that is why I'm so excited about this series, and the televised game on the BBC.
Sky have made a huge impact through investment and support of the women's game in the last decade and visibility can only enhance that - with an opportunity to broadcast to the masses so kids believe they can go on and do something similar. And that's not just among young girls.
I have seen boys in Australia say they want to be the next Ellyse Perry. Young lads walked away from the World Cup in 2017 wanting to be Anya Shrubsole or Sarah Taylor.
Essentially, it becomes normalised, and that is what we are striving for. We will use our voices to push women's sport to the forefront and grow the game as much as we can.
Because you cannot be what you cannot see.
Isa Guha was talking to BBC Sport's Amy Lofthouse


bbc--2020-09-19--Ruth Bader Ginsburg: Trump wants replacement 'without delay'

President Donald Trump has said he wants a new US Supreme Court judge to be sworn in `` without delay '' , following the death of the long serving liberal justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg .
Ginsburg , 87 , died on Friday , just six weeks before the presidential election .
Mr Trump 's Democrat rival , Joe Biden , insists the decision on her replacement must wait until after the vote .
The ideological balance of the nine-member court is crucial to its rulings on the most important issues in US law .
In 2016 , Senate Republicans blocked @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the US top court .
At the time , Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell justified the move on grounds that it was an election year .
But on Friday Senator McConnell said he intended to act on any nomination Mr Trump made .
Ginsburg , a liberal icon and feminist standard-bearer , died of metastatic pancreatic cancer at her home in Washington DC , surrounded by her family .
She was only the second-ever woman to sit on the US Supreme Court .
Supporters gathered outside the court on Friday night to pay @ @ @ @ @ @ @ affectionately known as `` The Notorious RBG '' .
What is the row about ?
The appointment of judges in the US is a political question which means the president gets to choose who is put forward .
The Senate then votes to confirm - or reject - the choice .
Ginsburg , who served for 27 years , was one of only four liberals on the nine-seat bench .
Her death means that , should the Republicans get the vote through , the balance of power would shift decisively towards the conservatives @ @ @ @ @ @ @ chosen two Supreme Court justices during his presidency , is well aware that getting his nominee in would give conservatives control over key decisions for decades to come .
Justices can serve for life , unless they decide to retire .
`` We were put in this position of power and importance to make decisions for the people who so proudly elected us , the most important of which has long been considered to be the selection of United States Supreme Court Justices .
We have this obligation , without delay !
, @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
Earlier , Mr McConnell said in a statement - which included a tribute to Ginsburg - that `` President Trump 's nominee will receive a vote on the floor of the United States Senate '' .
The senator had argued in 2016 that `` the American people should have a voice in the selection of their next Supreme Court Justice '' which meant `` this vacancy should not be filled until we have a new president '' .
But now he says the Senate was within its rights to act because it @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a Republican president .
The Senate Democratic leader , Chuck Schumer , sent a tweet repeating his exact phrase , while Mr Biden told reporters : `` There is no doubt - let me be clear - that the voters should pick the president and the president should pick the justice for the Senate to consider . ''
Ginsburg had also made her feelings clear in the days before her death .
`` My most fervent wish is that I will not be replaced until a new president is installed , '' she @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , according to National Public Radio ( NPR ) .
Future of abortion rights firmly on the ballot The death of Ruth Bader Ginsburg has injected a new element of volatility into the presidential race , with questions about what it will mean for the already intense battle for the women 's vote .
Now the future of the landmark Roe v Wade ruling on abortion rights is firmly on the ballot .
President Trump , who polling suggests has been steadily losing support among college-educated women ever since he was elected , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ he calls the suburban housewife .
For conservative women , especially evangelicals , who have doubts about his character , the importance of the right to life may be an important factor .
If the Republican nominee for the Supreme Court is a woman , this could also be a way for him to appeal to female voters .
Democrats who successfully won suburban House seats in swing districts in 2018 mostly emphasised that a woman should have the right to control her own body .
The death of the iconic RBG , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ equality for women , will also be a rallying cry for Democrats , who can say to female voters that those gains are now under threat .
In a year which has seen so much turmoil in America over coronavirus and racial justice , now the culture wars over abortion are front and centre too .
What does the Supreme Court do ?
The highest court in the US is often the final word on highly contentious laws , disputes between states and the federal government , and final appeals to stay executions @ @ @ @ @ @ @ has expanded gay marriage to all 50 states , allowed for President Trump 's travel ban to be put in place , and delayed a US plan to cut carbon emissions while appeals went forward .
• Why is the US top court so important ?
It is also deals with issues like reproductive rights - one of the main reasons some pro-life conservatives want to tip the balance away from liberals .
Who are seen as top contenders ?
• Barbara Lagoa : A Cuban Americanof the Atlanta-based 11th Circuit Court of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ judge on the Florida Supreme Court .
She is a former federal prosecutor • Amy Coney Barrett : Member of the Chicago-based 7th Circuit Court of Appeals , she is a favourite of religious conservatives and known for her anti-abortion views .
She was a legal scholar at Notre Dame Law School in Indiana • Kate Comerford Todd : Deputy White House Counsel , has a lot of support inside the White House .
Served as former senior VP and Chief Counsel , US Chamber Litigation Center Over an illustrious legal career spanning @ @ @ @ @ @ @ status for a jurist in the US , revered by liberals and conservatives alike .
Liberal Americans in particular idolised her for her progressive votes on the most divisive social issues that were referred to the Supreme Court , from abortion rights to same-sex marriages .
Born to Jewish immigrant parents in Brooklyn , New York City , in 1933 , Ginsburg studied at Harvard Law School , where she was one of only nine women in a class of about 500 men .
Ginsburg did not receive a single job offer after @ @ @ @ @ @ @ class .
Nevertheless , she persisted , working in various jobs in the legal profession throughout the 1960s and far beyond .
In 1972 , Ginsburg co-founded the Women 's Rights Project at the American Civil Liberties Union ( ACLU ) .
That same year , Ginsburg became the first tenured female professor at Columbia Law School .
In 1980 , Ginsburg was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia as part of then-President Jimmy Carter 's efforts to diversify federal courts .
Though Ginsburg was often @ @ @ @ @ @ @ days on the appeals court were marked by moderation .
She was appointed to the Supreme Court by former President Bill Clinton in 1993 , becoming only the second of four female justices to be confirmed to the court .
Toward the end of her life , Ginsburg became a national icon .
Due in part to her withering dissents , Ginsburg was dubbed the Notorious RBG by her army of fans online - a nod to the late rapper The Notorious BIG .
That comparison introduced Ginsburg to a new generation of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ cult figure .

"We were put in this position of power and importance to make decisions for the people who so proudly elected us, the most important of which has long been considered to be the selection of United States Supreme Court Justices. We have this obligation, without delay!," he wrote on Twitter on Saturday.


bbc--2020-09-19--Ruth Bader Ginsburg: 'Inspiring, revolutionary, a fighter'

Hundreds of people visited the US Supreme Court to pay their respects to Ruth Bader Ginsburg who has died , @ @ @ @ @ on her legacy and described their fears for the future of the court .
Ginsburg @ @ @ @ @ pancreatic cancer at her home in Washington , DC , surrounded by her family , @ @ @ @ @ She was a prominent icon of women 's rights and became a figurehead for liberals @ @ @ @

Hundreds of people visited the US Supreme Court to pay their respects to Ruth Bader Ginsburg who has died, aged 87.
Mourners reflected on her legacy and described their fears for the future of the court.
Ginsburg died on Friday of metastatic pancreatic cancer at her home in Washington, DC, surrounded by her family, the court has said.
She was a prominent icon of women's rights and became a figurehead for liberals in the US.
Video by Shrai Popat and Alexandra Ostasiewicz
Read more: Ruth Bader Ginsburg - Obituary