bbc--2020-06-02--Portraits of Humanity shortlist revealed

The 200 images shortlisted for this year 's Portrait of Humanity award , taken before lockdown restrictions , seek to prove there is more that unites us than sets us apart .
In June , they will be published in a book by Hoxton Mini Press .
And in September , the 100 winners will be displayed internationally on digital screens , including , for the first time , one 111,000ft above Earth , as part of a collaboration with the company Sent Into Space .
Run by 1854 Media , the competition attracted entries from 36 countries .
Here @ @ @ @ @ @ @ with captions by the photographers .
`` Sixteen-year-old Maxim joined Ebony Horse Club in Brixton , London , five and a half years ago .
`` He had no prior experience with horses .
`` You could tell how dedicated Maxim is to the place - he comes several times a week to help out .
`` There is a beautiful family vibe at the club .
`` The horses seem to help with the kids ' mental health . ''
`` More than 100 swimmers gather in the empty gala pool to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Baths , which first opened its doors in 1907 .
`` Birmingham City Council intended to close the swimming pool permanently in 2015 .
`` But the World Monuments Fund recently included the historic site on its watch-list , giving new hope . ''
Dancing Halmonis , by An Rong Xu , in New York City '' These women belong to a senior dance troupe that performs for the Korean-American community in Queens , New York City .
`` These halmonis ( grandmothers ) dance , jive and are having the time of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Her Bed , by Lidewij Mulder , in Haren , the Netherlands '' My 82-year-old grandmother feels more like a friend to me .
`` She is very youthful and mischievous and has taught me how to be an independent woman .
`` She has been fighting for equality since she was a kid . ''
Closer to Heaven , by Mauro De Bettio , in Tigray , Ethiopia '' Keshi Assefa Hagos is a priest at Abuna Yemata Guh church , arguably the most inaccessible place of worship on Earth .
`` @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a vertical rock with steep drops on all sides , is only accessible by foot . ''
`` Punk icon Iggy Pop performs at the Sydney Opera House , amid adoring fans who gladly accepted his invitation to dance with him on stage . ''
Jason ( They/Them ) , by Ross Landenberger , in New York City '' I met Jason in an internet skateboarding forum , in 2006 .
`` We were both closeted and had gone online because we felt isolated by sexism and homophobia in the sport .
`` @ @ @ @ @ @ @ welcoming to queer people . ''
Abdullah , who is from Afghanistan , poses for a portrait in an abandoned factory where thousands of refugees have settled in a makeshift refugee camp .
`` He lost two sons in a tribal clash in his home country , after which he left for the sake of his family .
`` Abdullah dreams about having his family gathered together again in a safe country and lives for the day when he will be able to hug his three daughters and remaining son . ''
Woman @ @ @ @ @ @ @ in Dhaka , Bangladesh '' This woman is among the millions of people who have been forced to leave their rural surroundings and move to Bangladesh 's capital in search of work .
`` Her home is next to the railway track . ''
`` She has progeria , an extremely rare condition that causes the body to age very rapidly .
`` Amber is 1.15m ( 3.7ft ) tall and weighs just 15kg [ 2st 5lb ] .
`` She is wise beyond her years and remarkably bright .
`` Shortly after @ @ @ @ @ @ @ age , I watched a documentary that featured Amber .
`` Her situation got under my skin , so I contacted the family and asked if I could make a portrait . ''

Portraits of Humanity shortlist revealed Published 3 June 2020
Image source, Eric Demers Image caption, Greta Thunberg on stage in Montreal, Canada
The 200 images shortlisted for this year's Portrait of Humanity award, taken before lockdown restrictions, seek to prove there is more that unites us than sets us apart.
In June, they will be published in a book by Hoxton Mini Press.
And in September, the 100 winners will be displayed internationally on digital screens, including, for the first time, one 111,000ft above Earth, as part of a collaboration with the company Sent Into Space.
Run by 1854 Media, the competition attracted entries from 36 countries.
Here is a selection of shortlisted pictures, with captions by the photographers.
Maxim, by Vivek Vadoliya, in London
Image source, Vivek Vadoliya
"Sixteen-year-old Maxim joined Ebony Horse Club in Brixton, London, five and a half years ago.
"He had no prior experience with horses.
"You could tell how dedicated Maxim is to the place - he comes several times a week to help out.
"There is a beautiful family vibe at the club.
"The horses seem to help with the kids' mental health."
Swimmers, by Attilio Fiumarella, in Birmingham
Image source, Attilio Fiumarella
"More than 100 swimmers gather in the empty gala pool to stand against the closure of Moseley Road Baths, which first opened its doors in 1907.
"Birmingham City Council intended to close the swimming pool permanently in 2015.
"But the World Monuments Fund recently included the historic site on its watch-list, giving new hope."
Dancing Halmonis, by An Rong Xu, in New York City
Image source, An Rong Xu
"These women belong to a senior dance troupe that performs for the Korean-American community in Queens, New York City.
"These halmonis (grandmothers) dance, jive and are having the time of their lives."
A Moment Shared, by Udayan Sankar Pal, in Chennai, India
Image source, Udayan Sankar Pal
My Grandmother On Her Bed, by Lidewij Mulder, in Haren, the Netherlands
Image source, Lidewij Mulder
"My 82-year-old grandmother feels more like a friend to me.
"She is very youthful and mischievous and has taught me how to be an independent woman.
"She has been fighting for equality since she was a kid."
Closer to Heaven, by Mauro De Bettio, in Tigray, Ethiopia
Image source, MauroDeBettio
"Keshi Assefa Hagos is a priest at Abuna Yemata Guh church, arguably the most inaccessible place of worship on Earth.
"The monolithic church, perched high atop a vertical rock with steep drops on all sides, is only accessible by foot."
Iggy Pop, by Antoine Veling, in Sydney, Australia
Image source, Antoine Veling
"Punk icon Iggy Pop performs at the Sydney Opera House, amid adoring fans who gladly accepted his invitation to dance with him on stage."
Jason (They/Them), by Ross Landenberger, in New York City
Image source, Ross Landenberger
"I met Jason in an internet skateboarding forum, in 2006.
"We were both closeted and had gone online because we felt isolated by sexism and homophobia in the sport.
"We're working to make skateboarding more welcoming to queer people."
Abdullah, by Marko Risovic, in Bihac, Bosnia-Herzegovina
Image source, Marko Risovic / Kamerades for Ethnovision
Abdullah, who is from Afghanistan, poses for a portrait in an abandoned factory where thousands of refugees have settled in a makeshift refugee camp.
"He lost two sons in a tribal clash in his home country, after which he left for the sake of his family.
"Abdullah dreams about having his family gathered together again in a safe country and lives for the day when he will be able to hug his three daughters and remaining son."
Woman of Steel, by Kathryn MacPhee, in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Image source, Kathryn MacPhee
"This woman is among the millions of people who have been forced to leave their rural surroundings and move to Bangladesh's capital in search of work.
"Her home is next to the railway track."
Image source, Justine Tjallinks
"This is 13-year-old Amber Vanderweert.
"She has progeria, an extremely rare condition that causes the body to age very rapidly.
"Amber is 1.15m (3.7ft) tall and weighs just 15kg [2st 5lb].
"She is wise beyond her years and remarkably bright.
"Shortly after my mum died at a relatively young age, I watched a documentary that featured Amber.


bbc--2020-06-02--Asian hornet: UK beekeepers on lookout for bee-eater

A new predator could soon be threatening Britain ’ s beleaguered bee colonies .
It is a large hornet that @ @ @ @ @ pollinators .
The so-called 'Asian hornet ' has been been spreading across Europe over the @ @ @ @ @ reached the French coast in 2016 and the Channel Islands already have a problem .
@ @ @ @ @ UK mainland could be next , as our chief environment correspondent Justin Rowlatt reports .

A new predator could soon be threatening Britain’s beleaguered bee colonies.
It is a large hornet that eats bees – and other pollinators. The so-called 'Asian hornet' has been been spreading across Europe over the last two decades. It reached the French coast in 2016 and the Channel Islands already have a problem.
The fear is that the UK mainland could be next, as our chief environment correspondent Justin Rowlatt reports.
Filmed, edited and produced by Tony Smith.
Additional camera work by Robert Hall


bbc--2020-06-02--Coronavirus: How lockdown affected Argentina's livelihoods

Already two years into a recession , Argentina 's prolonged lockdown has brought more misery to a country with an @ @ @ @ @ A third of the population living in poverty and with many industries have scaling back @ @ @ @ @ relying food banks has seen a dramatic increase .

Already two years into a recession, Argentina's prolonged lockdown has brought more misery to a country with an already troubled economic past.
A third of the population living in poverty and with many industries have scaling back, the number of people relying food banks has seen a dramatic increase.
Video by Natalio Cosoy and Leonardo La Valle
Edited by Daisy Walsh


bbc--2020-06-03--Is your boss spying on you as you work from home?

Since the coronavirus pandemic began , millions of people have left their offices and started working from home .
But @ @ @ @ @ has also been a surge in demand for software that monitors employee activity .
Companies @ @ @ @ @ argue that this is about maintaining productivity but others could feel the software is open @ @ @ @ @ 's Lara Lewington finds out how the software works and speaks to the New York @ @ @ @ @ tested monitoring software to see how it affected how he worked when others were watching @ @ @ @ @ 's website and @ BBCClick

Since the coronavirus pandemic began, millions of people have left their offices and started working from home.
But in the United States there has also been a surge in demand for software that monitors employee activity.
Companies that use the software might argue that this is about maintaining productivity but others could feel the software is open to misuse.
BBC Click's Lara Lewington finds out how the software works and speaks to the New York Times journalist Adam Satariano who tested monitoring software to see how it affected how he worked when others were watching.
See more at Click's website and @BBCClick


bbc--2020-06-02--Enjoying lockdown: 'Not having anything in my diary was a blessing in disguise'

For many of us , life is a series of commitments - whether that 's social events , family gatherings or work-related meetings .
Lockdown has meant that our diaries are suddenly empty , and for those of us with busy lives , the stark change has been difficult to adjust to .
But for others , it 's been a wake-up call .
Rather than lamenting the loss of a packed calendar , some people have found that the quieter , slower life imposed by the coronavirus lockdown offered a much-needed break .
Imthiaz Rehman always used to plan @ @ @ @ @ @ @ The 30-year-old , who lives with a housemate in south-east London , filled every window on his calendar and was always thinking about the next project or event .
`` I could be a really obsessive diary planner , '' he says .
`` I would plan all of my work on Outlook and I had a really unhealthy habit of planning my whole life on Google calendar .
`` So I 'd be working long hours , then I 'd be doing things like self-improvement courses in my own time , as @ @ @ @ @ @ @ friends .
I never had any free time - it was always one thing after another . ''
Imthiaz 's background is in working in communications for charities , but he left his job before lockdown , with plans to go travelling .
True to form , his travel plans were meticulously laid out in his Google calendar .
`` I would obsess and think about where I 'd go , how much things cost , and what was on my to-do list .
It almost felt like work , '' he says @ @ @ @ @ @ @ lockdown was announced to slow the spread of Covid-19 , Imthiaz 's travel plans were off - and he found himself surprised at how little disappointment he felt : `` Not having anything in my calendar was a blessing in disguise . ''
It was n't an easy transition , though .
The first thing Imthiaz felt when lockdown was announced was `` an overwhelming sense of panic and dread '' , because of the gravity of the situation , and the uncertainty about what life would look like .
Panic was followed @ @ @ @ @ @ @ felt in a while .
`` Being bored does strange things to you , '' says Imthiaz .
`` I was doing things just to take up my time , like online yoga classes and running .
I 've never done them before .
They really lifted my mood and made me feel less stressed , it was like all my self-inflicted pressure had been lifted . ''
He 'd become caught up in the `` sense of urgency '' he thinks comes with being a young professional in a big city .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ my age are in the mind-set of living in the rat race and always trying to push yourself , '' he says .
`` But one of the unintended consequences of the pandemic is that we 've had to develop a bit of self-awareness . ''
A couple of weeks into the `` new normal '' , Imthiaz realised that taking a break was something he 'd never done before - and that he did n't miss his old way of life .
`` The things I 've been doing during lockdown have @ @ @ @ @ @ @ been going on holiday .
It 's made me think about what 's really important in life . ''
Hayley Comber-Berry , 35 , found the lockdown taught her the need for a work-life balance .
The self-employed designer lives in Sussex with her wife and dog - but says it was often her laptop getting the most attention .
`` When you work for yourself , you never really switch off , because there 's this guilt that if you 're not responding to messages or posting on social media , you @ @ @ @ @ @ @ she says .
`` It 's quite an emotional rollercoaster - you can get a big job and be really busy , then have two or three months where there 's nothing .
It 's feast or famine .
I guess by always keeping busy , I did n't have to think too much about that .
I literally tried to cram in as much as possible to get myself out there .
But I had a lot of social fatigue because it was so constant . ''
Hayley 's lifestyle did n't @ @ @ @ @ @ @ because a lot of her friends are also self-employed .
But the lockdown forced her to reassess , especially as her line of work is design and branding for the wedding industry , which took a big hit when coronavirus forced the cancellation of weddings nationwide .
Initially , like Imthiaz , she panicked , and spent `` two weeks crying and having no idea what to do with my life '' .
`` The bottom fell out of that industry overnight , '' she continues .
`` I suddenly had to cancel @ @ @ @ @ @ @ me events and networking meetings were being cancelled .
Some companies I work with were getting all this emotion from brides because we do n't know what 's going to happen , there are no answers .
People who were going to book me for jobs suddenly said they ca n't . ''
Hayley was able to receive financial help from the government when her last job ended , and is now taking her business in a different direction .
`` I 've had this feeling since last year that I was done @ @ @ @ @ @ @ it as much anymore , '' she says .
`` Being so busy , I did n't have to face that feeling .
But I 've been forced to stop and say , ' I do n't want to do this anymore ' .
What I 'm doing now is setting up a membership community for wedding suppliers to teach them marketing and PR . ''
She 's also going to prioritise days off and downtime as much as work .
`` I feel like I 've got my work-life balance back .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ with my wife , which I would n't have done before because I felt too guilty , '' she says .
`` But it 's made me see that there 's more to life than work and business .
`` This has been a life-changing experience .
I 've processed all of the negative things I 've been hiding , and I feel so much happier and more content . ''
For Liz Pusey , 37 , who lives near Southampton with her husband and daughter , keeping busy all the time and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of staving off anxiety .
`` I 've always been someone who naturally finds things to do , '' she says .
`` I am very much a people pleaser , and I 'm quite social .
Liz also struggled with negative feelings about the idea of doing nothing .
`` I always felt that was unproductive , so I had to fill the space , '' she says .
`` When lockdown hit , it was a really big shift .
The schools closed , a lot of my work stopped , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
The first couple of weeks were a novelty , it was really nice to enjoy a bit of relaxation , but then I found myself really low and irritable and resenting the fact I did n't have a minute to myself because there were always people in the house . ''
Now , almost 12 weeks into lockdown , Liz is trying to retrain herself to enjoy downtime .
`` I 'm trying to actively enjoy not doing as much , '' she says .
`` If my daughter wants to play @ @ @ @ @ @ @ playing board games , that 's fine .
I 'm even enjoying it . ''
It helps that Liz 's husband has always found it easy to relax .
`` He 's the complete opposite of me , he 's very good at sitting down and saying , ' I 'm exhausted , I 'm not going to do anything this evening , ' '' she says .
`` I 'm trying to learn from him because he does n't feel guilty , and he has n't missed out on anything , so @ @ @ @ @ @ @ '' Psychotherapist and author of the The Phone Addiction Workbook , Hilda Burke , says she sees several clients who , like Liz , feel guilty about doing nothing .
`` They 've often received messages when they were younger , like hearing other people described as lazy , and that would have been the worst insult , '' she explains .
`` These messages are deeply ingrained .
In the back of someone 's mind , laziness equals bad person .
So being busy becomes something to strive for , because being @ @ @ @ @ @ @ can lead to overscheduling not just with work , but it overlaps into their social life with cramming things in and never turning down an invitation . ''
Hilda is n't surprised that some people are finding lockdown `` relaxing and therapeutic '' .
`` There 's a comfort in knowing you 're not missing out on anything , because nobody is really doing much , '' she says .
`` Nobody can accuse you of not being productive . ''
In terms of keeping a healthier balance as we transition back into @ @ @ @ @ @ @ identifying the things you learned in lockdown that you want to continue with .
`` Maybe that 's saving one or two evenings , or a day at the weekend , to do nothing , '' she says .
`` It could be ensuring you work your scheduled hours and finishing on time .
It may require conversations with a boss , or with friends , about things you want to do less of .
`` It 's about managing people 's expectations - share with your friends , family or colleagues what @ @ @ @ @ @ @ want to continue with . ''
For Imthiaz - and the others interviewed - there 's no question that things will be different .
`` I 've got more freedom in my life , '' he says .
`` I 'm definitely going to slow down . ''
• A SIMPLE GUIDE : How do I protect myself ?
• IMPACT : What the virus does to the body • RECOVERY : How long does it take ?
• LOCKDOWN : How can we lift restrictions ?
• ENDGAME : How do we @ @ @ @ @ @

"It's quite an emotional rollercoaster - you can get a big job and be really busy, then have two or three months where there's nothing. It's feast or famine. I guess by always keeping busy, I didn't have to think too much about that. I literally tried to cram in as much as possible to get myself out there. But I had a lot of social fatigue because it was so constant."


bbc--2020-06-03--Backlash in China after front-line doctor dies

The death of a front-line doctor in central China is provoking a backlash against the authorities ' handling of the coronavirus pandemic .
Dr Hu Weifeng passed away on 2 June , after a four-month fight with Covid-19 .
He made headlines in March , when his skin turned black `` due to liver dysfunction '' during his treatment .
The exact cause of his death has not been made public but the news has triggered an outpouring of anger on Chinese social media sites .
Dr Hu Weifeng was an urologist , who was treating patients at the Wuhan @ @ @ @ @ @ @ identified .
He tested positive for the virus in January , during the early stages of the Chinese outbreak , and was transferred to different hospitals for treatment the following two months .
His condition initially improved in mid-March ; however , he then suffered cerebral haemorrhages in late April and May .
Dr Hu Weifeng , and a colleague , cardiologist Yi Fan , went viral in April after official media publicised their `` tough battle against the virus '' .
Users of the popular Sina Weibo microblog were stunned at the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ changed in their faces , which media said `` could be due to abnormal liver functions '' .
• Why have two reporters in Wuhan disappeared ?
The two became known as `` the two black-faced Wuhan doctors '' , and they won nationwide praise for fighting back against the virus , as both had been critically ill .
The Communist Youth League called them `` angels who had fought with death '' , and Weibo users sympathised with just how much they had to endure on the front-line .
Social media users @ @ @ @ @ @ @ skin was a physical `` scar '' that they had to live with , after fighting on China 's front line .
China Daily says that Dr Yi was only discharged on 6 May , whereas Dr Hu appeared never to recover .
Worked at same hospital as 'whistleblower' Many papers , including the national Global Times newspaper , have been noting that Dr Hu `` worked in the same hospital as Li Wenliang '' .
Dr Li became known as China 's `` whistle-blower '' doctor , who first warned colleagues about @ @ @ @ @ @ @ late December .
• What did China do about early outbreak ?
His death sparked national outrage , as it became clear that the authorities had tried to silence him by giving him a reprimand .
It is unclear whether the two knew each other , as the two doctors worked in different departments .
There are reportedly more than 4,200 hospital employees at the Wuhan Central Hospital .
It 's also unclear whether they could have caught the virus off one another - both Li Wenliang and Hu Weifeng contracted the virus @ @ @ @ @ @ @ that some 68 members of staff tested positive for Covid-19 , and more than 200 underwent medical observation .
The reaction to Dr Hu Weifeng 's death , however , has been similar to that of Dr Li Wenliang 's : pure anger .
The cause of his death has not been made public ; however , Global Times says that `` his situation was severe and he became emotionally unstable '' .
Tens of thousands of Sina Weibo users have used the hashtag # WuhanCentralHospitalDoctorHuWeifengPassesAway .
While many are posting candle emojis @ @ @ @ @ @ @ respects of anyone who has died - others are questioning how he died , and are calling for top officials at the hospital to be sacked .
`` When will the leaders of the Wuhan Central Hospital be held accountable ? ''
one user asked .
`` This is the fifth medical worker to pass away at the Wuhan Central Hospital due to the coronavirus , '' another said .
The anti-establishment newspaper Epoch Times , which is blocked in mainland China , says that senior staff at the hospital `` severely suppressed @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to medical staff , and forced them to be exposed to huge cases of the virus without protection '' .
Some Weibo users are dismissing Dr Hu 's `` instability '' , and questioning how the hospital 's leadership team are feeling .
There are also many on Weibo questioning the transparency of the hospital 's data , following Dr Hu 's death .
`` Had n't the patients in Wuhan been cleared a long time ago ? ''
one Weibo user asks , receiving more than 400 likes .
This has led @ @ @ @ @ @ @ many patients undergoing treatment for health problems that are a direct consequence of Covid-19 , but have since tested negative .
You may also be interested in ... On 27 April , the National Health Commission said that Wuhan had discharged all of its coronavirus patients .
There were more than 50,000 confirmed cases of Covid-19 in Wuhan .
And the Wuhan Central Hospital was one of the worst affected hospitals .
The official Xinhua news agency says that `` the number of deaths and the infection rate were the highest of any @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
BBC Monitoring reports and analyses news from TV , radio , web and print media around the world .
You can follow BBC Monitoring on Twitter and Facebook .

Tens of thousands of Sina Weibo users have used the hashtag #WuhanCentralHospitalDoctorHuWeifengPassesAway. While many are posting candle emojis - a common practice to mark the respects of anyone who has died - others are questioning how he died, and are calling for top officials at the hospital to be sacked.


bbc--2020-06-03--Coronavirus: Sex workers fear for their future

With social distancing rules in place and strip clubs and brothels closed , sex workers around the world have seen their incomes disappear almost overnight as a result of the coronavirus pandemic .
Fearing for their livelihoods , as well as their health , some are offering services online to keep their business going , while others are turning to charities for help .
Estelle Lucas has worked as an escort for the past 10 years in Melbourne , carefully building relationships with her clients .
But the spread of Covid-19 and the need for social distancing has prompted a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ worried those efforts will go to waste .
`` It 's fair to say that if I 'm not working for six months , a lot of people are going to forget me , '' she says .
`` I ca n't contact my clients and just have a conversation with them .
That does n't work in my industry .
We need to build intimacy and that 's just not possible in the current environment . ''
Before the coronavirus outbreak , Estelle says she was earning an above-average income , and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ mortgage on her home in Melbourne 's inner suburbs .
Now nearly all her income has been lost .
She has tried to adapt by moving her business online , but says that can not replace physical contact .
`` Unfortunately , there are things that ca n't be translated , '' she says .
`` I have made efforts to go online but not everyone is tech savvy .
Some of my clients do n't even really know how to use a smartphone . ''
While the regional government has outlined a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , there has been no plan for the sex industry .
That uncertainty , coupled with the many unknowns surrounding the virus itself , has left many sex workers with deep anxiety .
`` I 'm scared that all my work will come back to zero and I will just have to start hustling like I did when I first started out , '' Estelle says .
She also fears for her clients ' health .
`` Are they even going to be there ? ''
she says .
`` There 's a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ '' Financial assistance from the Australian government is available to those who have lost their income because of the Covid-19 crisis , but to qualify for the payments workers need to be able to show they have been paying tax - something that unregistered sex workers including migrants and trans people , often wo n't be able to do .
It 's a problem facing sex workers in dozens of countries around the world , according to Teela Sanders , a criminology professor at the University of Leicester .
`` Governments have been @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the majority of people , particularly self-employed people , but sex workers are not included , '' she says .
• Sex workers 'should have access to emergency fund' That 's left sex worker collectives and advocacy groups calling for members of the public to donate to emergency funds .
So far , an online appeal by the Las Vegas Sex Worker Collective has raised $ 19,300 ( £15,680 ) while a campaign by a coalition of support groups in Italy has raised almost €21,700 ( £19,500 ) .
`` These have been @ @ @ @ @ @ @ immediate bill paying , access to food etc , '' says Prof Sanders .
Some sex workers have been forced to continue working , risking hefty fines or exposure to the virus .
`` In developing countries , sex workers are often the main breadwinner for the whole family , for their siblings , their children and their grandparents .
So this affects the whole extended family , '' Prof Sanders says .
Niki Adams from the English Collective of Prostitutes echoes that view .
She told the BBC most sex workers in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ are continuing to work , it is because they are desperate for money .
But some sex workers find themselves unable to keep working - even if they would choose to .
In Daulatdia brothel in Bangladesh , police guard the entrance , preventing customers from entering .
It is one of the world 's biggest brothels , a shanty town made up of tin sheds and narrow alleyways that is home to 1,300 women and their 400 children .
The brothel has been closed since March , leaving many of the women @ @ @ @ @ @ @ on donations from charities .
`` We can not work now , so we do n't have any income , which is scary , '' says `` Nazma '' , who did n't want to give her real name .
Nazma supports three children who live with her sister back in her village .
She came to the brothel 30 years ago when she was just seven .
Although she needs money , she worries about the dangers of working during the pandemic .
`` Even if we could work , people 's @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
We 'd be scared to go to bed with our clients anyway , as we do n't know who is affected , '' she says .
Daulatdia sits on the banks of the Padma River , near a major ferry terminal .
It is the main transport hub that connects the Bangladeshi capital Dhaka with the country 's southern districts .
Prior to the coronavirus outbreak , thousands of truck drivers would pass through the area every day , delivering agricultural products and other goods to Dhaka .
Many of the women @ @ @ @ @ @ @ are victims of trafficking .
`` A lot of them who were kidnapped as children were sold there , '' says Srabanti Huda , a lawyer and human rights activist based in Dhaka .
While the Bangladeshi government and local aid organisations have delivered some emergency funds to the women , Srabanti says it has n't been enough and some women received nothing at all .
`` The amount of donations they 've received from the government does not even cover a packet of powdered milk for the children , '' she says @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a private aid delivery , distributing packets of basic supplies for each of the 1,300 women registered at the brothel .
`` There was one woman who said she has not been able to get her insulin or diabetic medications for over a month , '' Srabanti says .
`` Another said she has not been able to buy her blood pressure medications since the lockdown started two months ago . ''
Reduced access to healthcare services is an issue facing sex workers globally , according to Prof Sanders .
The problem is @ @ @ @ @ @ @ high demand for regular antiviral drugs from those living with HIV .
`` There 's been real issues around access , '' she says .
Prof Sanders is working with a team in Nairobi to develop an `` Uber-style '' app that will enable sex workers to order medication using their phones and have it delivered .
`` It 's sent directly to them via a mode of transport rather than the person coming into the clinic , '' she says .
Back in Daulatdia brothel , another sex worker who did n't @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a trip to see her daughter , who lives in a nearby home for the children of sex workers .
Even when the brothel reopens , it will take a long time for the industry to recover , she says .
`` People are afraid if they come to us , they might get infected , '' she says .
`` We are afraid too .
We might get infected from them .
This fear of getting infected will come up all the time . ''
• A SIMPLE GUIDE : How do @ @ @ @ @ @ @ IT DO TO THE BODY ?
Doctors on the front line explain • STRESS : How to look after your mental health

"I'm scared that all my work will come back to zero and I will just have to start hustling like I did when I first started out," Estelle says. She also fears for her clients' health. "Are they even going to be there?" she says. "There's a lot of nervous energy going around."


bbc--2020-06-02--The Somali atheist activists who get death threats

Somali atheists in the diaspora are running a Facebook group to challenge their community 's Islamic beliefs , but they often receive death threats , writes journalist Layla Mahmood .
`` I am going to kill you .
I am going to find you .
I am going to cut your head off , '' was one of the threats that Ayaanle , a Canada-based Somali atheist , received .
`` [ But ] that 's kind of normal , '' the founder of the True Somali Freedom Page ( TSFP ) says sardonically as he talks about the death @ @ @ @ @ @ @ popular Facebook group , which has more than 80,000 members , is predominantly led by atheists , or `` ex-Muslims '' , as they refer to themselves .
It was initially inspired to create a safe space for religious discussion and now promotes all forms of freedom for Somalis who feel marginalised by mainstream Somali culture .
Ayaanle did not want to give his full name .
He told me how the movement began .
Around 2016 , he stumbled across a Somali Facebook group that purported to be a space for free @ @ @ @ @ @ @ into a discussion about religion and everybody just erupted .
They went ballistic .
They made me feel like I killed someone . ''
He was swiftly removed from the group , a common experience for those who express contrary views in this kind of Somali forum .
Ayaanle then felt the only way forward was to create a new platform , with new rules .
`` I wanted [ the TSFP ] to be a place where ... people could be free to say whatever they liked . ''
A driving force @ @ @ @ @ @ @ contemporary Somali discussions about religion had become increasingly restrictive in the aftermath of Somalia 's decades-long civil war .
`` Islam is untouchable .
You can not criticise or say anything about Islam .
`` Right now the young people are changing , they are a little more tolerant to debates and criticism .
`` [ But ] many of those who grew up in Somalia and came to the West during and after the civil war accept the idea that if someone criticises Islam they should be killed .
They really think @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the death threats that he has received .
`` That 's one of the things I want to put out there and what I have the page for - to show that Islam is not untouchable .
It can be criticised , it can be debated and it can be talked about openly . ''
In Somalia and the breakaway state of Somaliland , blasphemy is a jailable offence , and the TSFP has set out to challenge this .
It campaigned and raised money for the academic Mahmoud Jama Ahmed-Hamdi .
He @ @ @ @ @ @ @ for writing a Facebook post that questioned the validity of praying to God as a means of relieving the drought in 2019 .
He served 10 months in prison before receiving a presidential pardon , but is still at risk from vigilante attacks .
One prominent imam called for his execution .
The case demonstrates the complexity of how power operates in Somalia and Somaliland , with the line between religious leaders and government being significantly blurred .
Somalis have not only been using the group as a platform to debate , but @ @ @ @ @ @ @ means of survival .
Some of the most at-risk groups in Somalia who have put messages on the TSFP are Christians , atheists and LGBT individuals .
These are people who grapple with the constant fear of being exposed and are subjected to attacks and imprisonment .
One way that the TSFP helps is through raising money and the cash has bought plane tickets and helped with living expenses .
This was the case when a Somali Christian woman in Kenya used her publicly accessible identity to leave a comment on the TSFP @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a video of her being dragged out of a taxi in Kenya was widely shared on Somali internet channels .
The attackers threatened to expose her because of her criticisms of the Prophet Muhammad on the page .
The TSFP arranged for her to be moved to a different country , where she has now found safety in a Christian community .
But it is not just non-Muslims , ex-Muslims or LGBT individuals who reach out to the group .
A Somali man living in Sudan contacted the TSFP after being physically attacked @ @ @ @ @ @ @ men who he believed ascribed to Wahhabism - a form of Islam that is often associated with a more rigorous and extreme interpretation of the Koran and teachings of the Prophet Muhammad .
He was discovered , following criticisms on Facebook that he made about some Hadith , statements attributed to the Prophet Muhammad .
The TSFP arranged for him to be relocated from Sudan to a safer place .
The volume of requests that the group 's administrators get means that those who want help have to be carefully vetted .
`` @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Dhinn , a Norway-based women 's advocate who has become a leading figure on the page , says .
`` We ask their tribe name and their family names .
We then look at their Facebook profile and talk to people in the group to see if anyone knows them .
If they do n't tell us who their tribe is , we know they 're lying . ''
Kahaa collaborates with the TSFP but has a separate Facebook and YouTube account , which she uses as a platform to talk about issues @ @ @ @ @ @ @ know where you live' Her main focus is to empower Somali women , but like Ayaanle , she is also an outspoken atheist , which has made her a target .
`` They threatened to kill me with knives and said 'the Muslims will kill you and you will die in their hands ' .
But the threats appear not to dampen her conviction : `` I 'm not afraid of them .
They want to silence me through fear . ''
Her fearlessness is emboldened by the knowledge that she lives in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ In Somalia , killings and attacks rarely get investigated but in Norway she has got the police involved .
`` Two of the guys who threatened me were using their real profiles and the police were able to arrest them , '' she says .
Ayaanle echoes this sentiment but knows that there are some who are not so lucky .
`` A lot of Somalis who are on the page do n't show their faces - the ones who say they are non-believers - because they 're scared for their lives , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Ayaanle and Kahaa have distanced themselves from Islam has not meant that they have distanced themselves from being Somali , despite the two being intertwined .
`` I actually feel more Somali , like I have my real identity back , '' says Kahaa .
But Ayaanle stresses that the group 's intended aim is not to convert Somali Muslims into atheists , or into any other non-conformist identity , but to create an environment that promotes freedom of expression and speech .
Something he believes Somalis need now more than ever .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
But we are winning some hearts .
We really believe that people should believe what they want to believe and be who they want to be . ''

"We ask their tribe name and their family names. We then look at their Facebook profile and talk to people in the group to see if anyone knows them. If they don't tell us who their tribe is, we know they're lying."


bbc--2020-06-03--Three West Indies players opt out of England tour because of coronavirus fears

Three West Indies players have chosen not to travel to England for next month 's Test series because of coronavirus @ @ @ @ @ and Darren Bravo and all-rounder Keemo Paul opted out of a 25-man touring party .
@ @ @ @ @ due to begin on 4 June , starts on 8 July at bio-secure venues without @ @ @ @ @ on 9 June and will be based at Emirates Old Trafford for initial quarantine and @ @ @ @ @ will then begin on 8 July at the Ageas Bowl in Southampton , followed by @ @ @ @ @ , starting on 6 July and 24 July .
Cricket West Indies ( CWI ) @ @ @ @ @ for coronavirus this week and are scheduled to fly to the UK on private chartered @ @ @ @ @ They have named an initial 14-man squad , plus 11 reserves who will train with @ @ @ @ @ as replacements if needed .
CWI said it will not hold the decisions made by @ @ @ @ @ against them when considering future selection .

Last updated on .From the section Cricket
West Indies beat England 2-1 in the sides' most recent Test series in 2019
Three West Indies players have chosen not to travel to England for next month's Test series because of coronavirus fears.
Batsmen Shimron Hetmyer and Darren Bravo and all-rounder Keemo Paul opted out of a 25-man touring party.
The three-Test series, originally due to begin on 4 June, starts on 8 July at bio-secure venues without spectators.
West Indies arrive on 9 June and will be based at Emirates Old Trafford for initial quarantine and training.
The first Test will then begin on 8 July at the Ageas Bowl in Southampton, followed by two Tests at Old Trafford, starting on 16 July and 24 July.
Cricket West Indies (CWI) said players will be tested for coronavirus this week and are scheduled to fly to the UK on private chartered flights on 8 June.
They have named an initial 14-man squad, plus 11 reserves who will train with the squad and be available as replacements if needed.
West Indies squad in full: Jason Holder (captain), Jermaine Blackwood, Nkrumah Bonner, Kraigg Brathwaite, Shamarh Brooks, John Campbell, Roston Chase, Rahkeem Cornwall, Shane Dowrich, Chemar Holder, Shai Hope, Alzarri Joseph, Raymon Reifer, Kemar Roach
Reserve players: Sunil Ambris, Joshua da Silva, Shannon Gabriel, Keon Harding, Kyle Mayers, Preston McSween, Marquino Mindley, Shane Moseley, Anderson Phillip, Oshane Thomas, Jomel Warrican
CWI said it will not hold the decisions made by Hetmyer, Bravo and Paul against them when considering future selection.
The number of coronavirus deaths and confirmed cases is far higher in the UK than the Caribbean.
Uncapped batsman Nkrumah Bonner, 31, and fast bowler Chemar Holder, 22, are included in the squad, while bowler Shannon Gabriel is on the reserve list as he returns to fitness following an ankle operation last year.
West Indies players and staff are taking a 50% pay cut as part of CWI's response to the coronavirus pandemic.


bbc--2020-06-03--MOTD: Top 10 podcast - rank these iconic home nations moments

When it comes to eye-catching international moments there have been more than a few involving the home nations since England won the World Cup in 1966 .
Wayne Rooney 's red card against Portugal , Wales at Euro 2016 , Gerry Armstrong 's heroics for Northern Ireland as well as Archie Gemmill 's superb solo effort for Scotland all spring to mind - but which is the most iconic ?
That was the subject discussed by Gary Lineker , Alan Shearer and Ian Wright on the new Match of The Day : Top 10 podcast .
To hear how Shearer @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , make sure you listen to the podcast on BBC Sounds .
And you can make your own ranked list at the bottom of the page .
• Match of the Day Top 10 : Greatest goals in Premier League era Scotland boss Ally MacLeod had boasted that his side could be among the main challengers to win the World Cup in Argentina .
However , a defeat by Peru and a draw with Iran left Scotland needing to win by three goals against the 1974 finalists , the Netherlands , just to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Archie Gemmill 's stunning goal gave them a 3-1 lead , glory appeared to beckon , only for Johnny Rep to reply three minutes later for the Dutch , sending Scotland out in bittersweet style .
Shearer : `` There were some fantastic players in that team .
They knew they had to win by three goals against the Netherlands to qualify .
I know they did n't qualify but after going a goal down they gave it a hell of a go . ''
Wright : `` I remember watching it and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
When Archie Gemmill went through and scored you were thinking 'this could happen ' . ''
Having reached the finals for the first time since 1958 , the odds seemed stacked against Northern Ireland in a group containing hosts Spain and Yugoslavia .
Despite Mal Donaghy 's dismissal they held on for a famous win against the hosts courtesy of Gerry Armstrong 's goal and progressed as group winners .
Shearer : `` There was a concern that some of the smaller nations would struggle after the tournament was expanded but Northern @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a moment for them . ''
Wright : `` It was one of those games for me that Northern Ireland were destined to win .
Mal Donaghy was sent off and the Spain players were getting away with murder . ''
Despite a slow start to the tournament , Sir Bobby Robson 's England side had built momentum to reach the quarter-finals when eventual winners Argentina and Diego Maradona rocked up to bamboozle them .
Maradona 's infamous first goal , where he used his hand to punch the ball past Peter Shilton @ @ @ @ @ @ @ that sent England home .
Wright : `` You knew instantly at home but it took a little while to show it on the television .
It was so clever but felt so wrong . ''
This was the summer that relaunched football mania in England as Sir Bobby Robson 's side headed into a World Cup semi-final against West Germany .
Paul Gascoigne was outstanding throughout the tournament and when his bottom lip wobbled and the tears flowed - after a booking that ruled him out of a final England would not @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a nation .
Wright : `` When he cried I was welling up .
It was the first time on a football pitch that I think you saw raw emotion .
It was like watching a child that you could not help . ''
A 1-1 with Switzerland in the opening match of Euro 96 had put the pressure on hosts England .
And that was intensified when an alcohol-related 'dentist-chair ' stunt put Gascoigne and his team-mates on the front pages of the newspapers .
Step forward Gascoigne , who celebrated his @ @ @ @ @ @ @ by recreating the scene from a Hong Kong bar on the Wembley pitch .
Shearer : `` We were going into a tournament at Wembley and the players were sat in a chair throwing tequila and vodka back .
Terry Venables turned it around and we had to go out and repay him for sticking up for us .
Gazza said he was going to recreate it if he scored .
What a goal it was . ''
Wright : `` There was outrage with what happened before the tournament .
People do @ @ @ @ @ @ @ people to bond .
The way England reacted brought that team together even more . ''
David Beckham had been England 's hero in their crucial group win over Colombia .
And England and Beckham appeared to have the measure of Argentina in their second round match , until a moment of madness two minutes after half-time .
Having been fouled from behind by Diego Simeone , Beckham flicked out with his boot and was promptly sent off by referee Kim Milton Nielsen .
That left England to play most of the second @ @ @ @ @ @ @ before they eventual lost on penalties .
Shearer : `` It was n't a red card , David ( Beckham ) just flicked out with his heel .
I was n't far away and I could see what the Argentina players were trying to do . ''
Wright : `` He did not do anything near enough to be sent off .
The most that should have happened was that the referee should have warned Beckham .
For the public to react as they did was ridiculous and so bad . ''
Much @ @ @ @ @ @ @ when they travelled to Germany .
However , expectation turned into a familiar tale of woe when Beckham went off injured and Wayne Rooney was sent off for a foul on Ricardo Carvalho .
The incident happened right in front of Argentine referee Horacio Elizondo , who was urged on by Portugal players - including Rooney 's then Manchester United team-mate Cristiano Ronaldo - to take action .
Shearer : `` You could see Wayne Rooney looking around and thinking 'what is going on here ' .
Cristiano Ronaldo 's wink was n't @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 's main man was about to depart the pitch after falling into the trap . ''
Wright : `` When Wayne Rooney got sent off people were digging him out but I could not blame Cristiano Ronaldo for what happened .
What we should learn is that other countries will do whatever it takes to win a tournament . ''
Buoyed by vocal travelling fans and the brilliance of Gareth Bale , possibly Wales ' greatest ever moment arrived in the quarter-final tie against Belgium .
Hal Robson-Kanu 's brilliant turn and finish @ @ @ @ @ @ @ substitute Sam Vokes headed the winner .
Shearer : `` For Hal Robson-Kanu to score that goal in the way that he did , and send about three Belgium players for pie and chips as he turned , was unbelievable . ''
When it comes to embarrassing exits from major tournaments , England 's defeat by Iceland must rank pretty highly .
Manager Roy Hodgson resigned after losing to a nation then ranked 34th in the world - and with a population of just 330,000 .
And that was after Wayne Rooney 's @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
Shearer : `` We knew that they were good at long throws and set-pieces .
We were all over the place and the players did not look as though they knew what they were doing .
England just collapsed .
It was an all-time low performance . ''
Wright : `` It was an embarrassment to the country .
It is the only time I have seen an England team buckle under the weight of expectation . ''
Two years after the debacle against Iceland the feel-good factor was well and truly @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Cup semi-finals for the first time since 1990 .
And while they could n't go that one step further , one bonus along the way was their first ever World Cup penalty shootout win over Colombia in the last 16 .
Shearer : `` There was one thing you could guarantee , going into that tournament - that England would be ready for penalties after what had gone before . ''
Wright : `` I ca n't remember when I felt such pure joy .
I was just sick and tired of watching @ @ @ @ @ @ @ moment of not knowing what I was going to do if we did not win . ''
So you have looked at what the pundits think , but what about you ?
Rank your top 10 iconic moments below :

Which iconic moment topped your list?
When it comes to eye-catching international moments there have been more than a few involving the home nations since England won the World Cup in 1966.
Wayne Rooney's red card against Portugal, Wales at Euro 2016, Gerry Armstrong's heroics for Northern Ireland as well as Archie Gemmill's superb solo effort for Scotland all spring to mind - but which is the most iconic?
That was the subject discussed by Gary Lineker, Alan Shearer and Ian Wright on the Match of The Day: Top 10 podcast and below is how BBC Sport readers ranked the 10 selected moments.
To hear how Shearer and Wright made their final selections, make sure you listen to the podcast on BBC Sounds.
1. The 'Hand of God'
1986 World Cup in Mexico
Despite a slow start to the tournament, Sir Bobby Robson's England side had built momentum to reach the quarter-finals when eventual winners Argentina and Diego Maradona rocked up to bamboozle them.
Maradona's infamous first goal, where he used his hand to punch the ball past Peter Shilton, was followed by a sensational second that sent England home.
Argentina captain Diego Maradona scored five goals at the 1986 World Cup finals
Wright: "You knew instantly at home but it took a little while to show it on the television. It was so clever but felt so wrong."
2. Gazza's tears
1990 World Cup in Italy
This was the summer that relaunched football mania in England as Sir Bobby Robson's side headed into a World Cup semi-final against West Germany.
Paul Gascoigne was outstanding throughout the tournament and when his bottom lip wobbled and the tears flowed - after a booking that ruled him out of a final England would not reach - he captured the hearts of a nation.
England's appearance in the semi-finals of the World Cup in 1990 was their first since 1966
Wright: "When he cried I was welling up. It was the first time on a football pitch that I think you saw raw emotion. It was like watching a child that you could not help."
3. Wales shock Belgium to reach semis
Euro 2016 in France
Buoyed by vocal travelling fans and the brilliance of Gareth Bale, possibly Wales' greatest ever moment arrived in the quarter-final tie against Belgium.
After Ashley Williams' header levelled up Radja Nainggolan's opener, Hal Robson-Kanu's brilliant turn and finish gave Wales the lead before substitute Sam Vokes headed the third.
Wales' victory over Belgium took them into the semi-finals of a major tournament for the first time
Shearer: "For Hal Robson-Kanu to score that goal in the way that he did, and send about three Belgium players for pie and chips as he turned, was unbelievable."
4. Scotland, Ally's Army and Archie Gemmill
1978 World Cup in Argentina
Scotland boss Ally MacLeod had boasted that his side could be among the main challengers to win the World Cup in Argentina.
However, a defeat by Peru and a draw with Iran left Scotland needing to win by three goals against the 1974 finalists, the Netherlands, just to progress from the group.
And when Archie Gemmill's stunning goal gave them a 3-1 lead, glory appeared to beckon, only for Johnny Rep to reply three minutes later for the Dutch, sending Scotland out in bittersweet style.
Archie Gemmill's goal against the Netherlands is referenced in the film Trainspotting
Shearer: "There were some fantastic players in that team. They knew they had to win by three goals against the Netherlands to qualify. I know they didn't qualify but after going a goal down they gave it a hell of a go."
Wright: "I remember watching it and thinking this is never going to happen. When Archie Gemmill went through and scored you were thinking 'this could happen'."
5. Northern Ireland and Armstrong shock hosts
1982 World Cup in Spain
Having reached the finals for the first time since 1958, the odds seemed stacked against Northern Ireland in a group containing hosts Spain and Yugoslavia.
Despite Mal Donaghy's dismissal they held on for a famous win against the hosts courtesy of Gerry Armstrong's goal and progressed as group winners.
The World Cup finals were expanded from 16 to 24 teams in 1982
Shearer: "There was a concern that some of the smaller nations would struggle after the tournament was expanded but Northern Ireland actually topped that group. What a moment for them."
Wright: "It was one of those games for me that Northern Ireland were destined to win. Mal Donaghy was sent off and the Spain players were getting away with murder."
6. Beckham sees red
1998 World Cup in France
David Beckham had been England's hero in their crucial group win over Colombia.
And England and Beckham appeared to have the measure of Argentina in their second round match, until a moment of madness two minutes after half-time.
Having been fouled from behind by Diego Simeone, Beckham flicked out with his boot and was promptly sent off by referee Kim Milton Nielsen. That left England to play most of the second half and extra time with 10 men before they eventual lost on penalties.
David Beckham won 115 caps for England between 1996-2009
Shearer: "It wasn't a red card, David (Beckham) just flicked out with his heel. I wasn't far away and I could see what the Argentina players were trying to do."
Wright: "He did not do anything near enough to be sent off. The most that should have happened was that the referee should have warned Beckham. For the public to react as they did was ridiculous and so bad."
7. The dentist's chair
Euro 96 in England
A 1-1 with Switzerland in the opening match of Euro 96 had put the pressure on hosts England.
And that was intensified when an alcohol-related 'dentist-chair' stunt put Gascoigne and his team-mates on the front pages of the newspapers.
Step forward Gascoigne, who celebrated his sublime goal in a 2-0 England win by recreating the scene from a Hong Kong bar on the Wembley pitch.
England reached the semi-finals at Euro 96
Shearer: "We were going into a tournament at Wembley and the players were sat in a chair throwing tequila and vodka back. Terry Venables turned it around and we had to go out and repay him for sticking up for us. Gazza said he was going to recreate it if he scored. What a goal it was."
Wright: "There was outrage with what happened before the tournament. People do not understand how important it is for people to bond. The way England reacted brought that team together even more."
8. England finally win a penalty shootout
2018 World Cup in Russia
Two years after the debacle against Iceland the feel-good factor was well and truly restored as England marched to the World Cup semi-finals for the first time since 1990.
And while they couldn't go that one step further, one bonus along the way was their first ever World Cup penalty shootout win over Colombia in the last 16.
England went on to reach the World Cup semi-finals after beating Colombia in a penalty shootout
Shearer: "There was one thing you could guarantee, going into that tournament - that England would be ready for penalties after what had gone before."
Wright: "I can't remember when I felt such pure joy. I was just sick and tired of watching them lose. I had a real moment of not knowing what I was going to do if we did not win."
9. England humbled by Iceland
Euro 2016 in France
When it comes to embarrassing exits from major tournaments, England's defeat by Iceland must rank pretty highly.
Manager Roy Hodgson resigned after losing to a nation then ranked 34th in the world - and with a population of just 330,000. And that was after Wayne Rooney's fourth-minute penalty had given England the lead.
Manager Roy Hodgson resigned after England's defeat to Iceland
Shearer: "We knew that they were good at long throws and set-pieces. We were all over the place and the players did not look as though they knew what they were doing. England just collapsed. It was an all-time low performance."
Wright: "It was an embarrassment to the country. It is the only time I have seen an England team buckle under the weight of expectation."
10. Rooney's red and Ronaldo's wink
2006 World Cup in Germany
Much was expected of England's golden generation when they travelled to Germany. However, expectation turned into a familiar tale of woe when Beckham went off injured and Wayne Rooney was sent off for a foul on Ricardo Carvalho.
The incident happened right in front of Argentine referee Horacio Elizondo, who was urged on by Portugal players - including Rooney's then Manchester United team-mate Cristiano Ronaldo - to take action.
As Rooney departed, Ronaldo winked towards his bench to acknowledge England's greatest threat had been removed.
Shearer: "You could see Wayne Rooney looking around and thinking 'what is going on here'. Cristiano Ronaldo's wink wasn't that bad. He knew that England's main man was about to depart the pitch after falling into the trap."
Wright: "When Wayne Rooney got sent off people were digging him out but I could not blame Cristiano Ronaldo for what happened. What we should learn is that other countries will do whatever it takes to win a tournament."
If you missed out but still fancy having a go, you can rank your top 10 iconic moments below:


bbc--2020-06-03--'It's a dark place' - Sweden's six-month pre-season

For the majority of professional footballers pre-season training is a necessary evil .
Something most would happily forget as quickly as jumping in and out of an ice bath for aching muscles .
But what if countless hours running on tracks , pitches and over hills felt like they were never going to end ?
That has been the situation facing players in Sweden , where pre-season training is entering its sixth month , after the start of the campaign on 4 April was postponed due to the coronavirus pandemic .
Sweden 's top flight - the Allsvenskan - now @ @ @ @ @ @ @ June to work towards , though that date was only finally confirmed on 29 May .
Sweden may not have imposed a lockdown , but gatherings of more than 50 people are not permitted and the nation 's public health agency took weeks to approve the big kick-off over concerns that fans may gather outside stadiums and in sports bars to watch games .
So what is it like to have your mental and physical capabilities pushed to the limit for so long ?
And what other challenges has the pandemic brought ?
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ players hoping for light at the end of their pre-season tunnel .
'There are times you are just trying to survive it' '' It 's been a long haul .
Compared to England , it 's a good four or five pre-seasons back-to-back , '' says goalkeeper Andrew Mills , who began his fourth pre-season at Ostersunds FK , in sub-zero temperatures , on 5 January .
Mills , from Merseyside , is one of six English players at the club , with former West Ham winger Blair Turgott among their newest acquisitions @ @ @ @ @ @ @ July 2019 from non-league Maidstone and has endured the double inconvenience of a 16-month season ( across England and Sweden ) followed by almost six months of physical conditioning .
`` If anyone tells you they like pre-season training they are definitely lying .
It 's a dark place , '' says Turgott .
`` There are times you are just trying to survive it .
Coming back from training , you just get home , sit on the couch , eat , go to sleep and then repeat it . ''
Turgott @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to start matches is shared by Djurgarden 's central midfield pairing Curtis Edwards and Fredrik Ulvestad .
`` When all this [ Covid-19 ] came about we were doing lots of running anyway , '' says Edwards , who helped the Stockholm-based club to their first league title for 14 years last term .
`` We went to South Africa in January and that was tough up in the mountains .
`` We go into the woods near the training ground so we 've done lots of running there .
There 's a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ We 've done the bleep test and Yo-yo tests - it 's been tough .
If the season gets put back again I can see more of the same . ''
Edwards ' fellow midfielder Ulvestad has found the uncertainty of the situation harder to take .
The former Burnley player was hoping to be well into the campaign now and match-fit for Champions League qualifiers that normally begin in June .
`` Obviously the health of people matters more but when you do n't have a date to look forward to it @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
`` I 'm just looking forward to actually playing in a proper game , although it will not be with a crowd , which will be weird . ''
Aside from the extraordinary length of pre-season , the pandemic has thrown up numerous other challenges in Sweden , not least around travel .
Unless domestic rules are relaxed some clubs will have to complete 1,200-mile round trips by road to fulfil their fixtures .
International restrictions also mean the 130 or so foreign players in Sweden 's top flight have largely been @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
`` There are different rules back home , '' says Ulvestad , who has won three caps for Norway .
`` I would have had quarantine for two weeks if I went there , so it has been difficult for anyone to come and visit us or vice versa . ''
For Turgott the safety of his family in London is also a significant consideration , made more poignant by a recent day spent helping to manufacture personal protective equipment for local hospitals .
`` Looking at it now it 'll be @ @ @ @ @ @ @ them in person , '' he said .
`` I really want to see them but you 're also thinking 'could I put others at risk by going home ? '
. ''
While training has been kept as normal as possible , a raft of new safety measures have been introduced .
Antibacterial hand gels now outnumber water bottles at the side of pitches , while club canteens and gyms are totally out of bounds .
`` When we do weights or yoga it 's all outside but because of social distancing @ @ @ @ @ @ @ instructor is saying .
They are so far away you end up doing your own thing , '' Turgott added .
'Fans are what separate training from matches' The financial and sporting implications attached to playing behind closed doors have also recently been laid bare .
Hammarby , who can pull in crowds of around 30,000 , announced wage cuts of up to 20 % after estimating a `` worst-case '' scenario will see them lose 65-70m Swedish krona ( £5.5-5.9m ) in revenue .
The league 's new television rights deal will @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to mitigate those further by providing a drive-in facility for supporters to watch matches outside the Jamtkraft Arena .
But Ulvestad , whose club also enjoy a large Stockholm fan base , says that solution can not compensate for the loss of atmosphere and a vociferous home support .
`` Obviously it 's going to be a big disadvantage for us because we have a strong fanbase .
They are the ones who help us through games but that 's how it is .
There is nothing we can do about it .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ player you always want loads of fans present whether they are for or against you .
`` You can feel the adrenalin and it gives you the whole atmosphere and feel to a match .
Fans are what separate training from a match . ''

Djurgardens won the Allsvenskan in 2019 for the first time since 2005
For the majority of professional footballers pre-season training is a necessary evil. Something most would happily forget as quickly as jumping in and out of an ice bath for aching muscles.
But what if countless hours running on tracks, pitches and over hills felt like they were never going to end?
That has been the situation facing players in Sweden, where pre-season training is entering its sixth month, after the start of the campaign on 4 April was postponed due to the coronavirus pandemic.
Sweden's top flight - the Allsvenskan - now has a revised opening day of 14 June to work towards, though that date was only finally confirmed on 29 May.
Sweden may not have imposed a lockdown, but gatherings of more than 50 people are not permitted and the nation's public health agency took weeks to approve the big kick-off over concerns that fans may gather outside stadiums and in sports bars to watch games.
So what is it like to have your mental and physical capabilities pushed to the limit for so long? And what other challenges has the pandemic brought? BBC Sport speaks to some of the players hoping for light at the end of their pre-season tunnel.
'There are times you are just trying to survive it'
"It's been a long haul. Compared to England, it's a good four or five pre-seasons back-to-back," says goalkeeper Andrew Mills, who began his fourth pre-season at Ostersunds FK, in sub-zero temperatures, on 5 January.
Mills, from Merseyside, is one of six English players at the club, with former West Ham winger Blair Turgott among their newest acquisitions.
Now 26, Turgott joined in July 2019 from non-league Maidstone and has endured the double inconvenience of a 16-month season (across England and Sweden) followed by almost six months of physical conditioning.
"If anyone tells you they like pre-season training they are definitely lying. It's a dark place," says Turgott.
The Covid-19 pandemic has seen gym sessions relocated outside regardless of the weather
"There are times you are just trying to survive it. Coming back from training, you just get home, sit on the couch, eat, go to sleep and then repeat it."
Turgott's dislike of fitness tests and eagerness to start matches is shared by Djurgarden's central midfield pairing Curtis Edwards and Fredrik Ulvestad.
"When all this [Covid-19] came about we were doing lots of running anyway," says Edwards, who helped the Stockholm-based club to their first league title for 14 years last term.
"We went to South Africa in January and that was tough up in the mountains.
"We go into the woods near the training ground so we've done lots of running there. There's a monster hill, which is horrible. We've done the bleep test and Yo-yo tests - it's been tough. If the season gets put back again I can see more of the same."
Edwards' fellow midfielder Ulvestad has found the uncertainty of the situation harder to take. The former Burnley player was hoping to be well into the campaign now and match-fit for Champions League qualifiers that normally begin in June.
"Obviously the health of people matters more but when you don't have a date to look forward to it is mentally frustrating," he said.
"I'm just looking forward to actually playing in a proper game, although it will not be with a crowd, which will be weird."
The prospect of 1,200-mile road trips
Aside from the extraordinary length of pre-season, the pandemic has thrown up numerous other challenges in Sweden, not least around travel.
Unless domestic rules are relaxed some clubs will have to complete 1,200-mile round trips by road to fulfil their fixtures.
International restrictions also mean the 130 or so foreign players in Sweden's top flight have largely been unable to see family members since January.
"There are different rules back home," says Ulvestad, who has won three caps for Norway.
"I would have had quarantine for two weeks if I went there, so it has been difficult for anyone to come and visit us or vice versa."
For Turgott the safety of his family in London is also a significant consideration, made more poignant by a recent day spent helping to manufacture personal protective equipment for local hospitals.
Turgott made his only appearance for West Ham in 2014
"Looking at it now it'll be nearly a year when I next see them in person," he said.
"I really want to see them but you're also thinking 'could I put others at risk by going home?'."
While training has been kept as normal as possible, a raft of new safety measures have been introduced.
Antibacterial hand gels now outnumber water bottles at the side of pitches, while club canteens and gyms are totally out of bounds.
"When we do weights or yoga it's all outside but because of social distancing you can't actually hear what the instructor is saying. They are so far away you end up doing your own thing," Turgott added.
'Fans are what separate training from matches'
The financial and sporting implications attached to playing behind closed doors have also recently been laid bare.
Hammarby, who can pull in crowds of around 30,000, announced wage cuts of up to 20% after estimating a "worst-case" scenario will see them lose 65-70m Swedish krona (£5.5-5.9m) in revenue.
The league's new television rights deal will help offset some losses and Ostersund hope to mitigate those further by providing a drive-in facility for supporters to watch matches outside the Jamtkraft Arena.
But Ulvestad, whose club also enjoy a large Stockholm fan base, says that solution cannot compensate for the loss of atmosphere and a vociferous home support.
"Obviously it's going to be a big disadvantage for us because we have a strong fanbase. They are the ones who help us through games but that's how it is. There is nothing we can do about it."
Turgott added: "As a player you always want loads of fans present whether they are for or against you.
"You can feel the adrenalin and it gives you the whole atmosphere and feel to a match. Fans are what separate training from a match."


bbc--2020-06-02--This is not new, says Spike Lee

This is not new, says Spike Lee

Director Spike Lee says `` we should honour George Floyd , but it 's not just him '' .
The @ @ @ @ @ the current unrest included the deaths of black people like George Floyd but also wider @ @ @ @ @ to the BBC about his new Netflix film Da 5 Bloods , which follows a @ @ @ @ @ , when asked about racial tensions Lee said : `` This is not new , @ @ @ @ @ for 400 years . ''

Director Spike Lee says "we should honour George Floyd, but it's not just him".
The Oscar-winner said the reasons for the current unrest included the deaths of black people like George Floyd but also wider injustices and inequalities.
Speaking to the BBC about his new Netflix film Da 5 Bloods, which follows a group of African-American war veterans, when asked about racial tensions Lee said: "This is not new, it's been going on for 400 years."


bbc--2020-05-31--A cluster of islands: How Shetland locked down early and stopped the virus in its tracks

Early in the Covid-19 outbreak , the Shetland Islands were one of the worst-hit areas of the UK by head of population .
Now , no new cases have been detected there for six weeks .
Some experts say it offers the rest of the country a route map out of lockdown - but for the first family on the islands to test positive , it has n't been easy .
It was a clear , bright Tuesday in early March when the plane began its descent .
The Shetland archipelago stretched out ahead of the tiny twin-propeller aircraft .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ at the sprawl of islands , aware of how far north he 'd just travelled .
Iain , 53 , an architect , was on his way home .
He and his wife , Suzanne , had spent a long weekend in the Italian city of Naples with four friends .
They 'd hesitated before setting off on 28 February - news bulletins were full of alarming footage of the Covid-19 cluster in Lombardy , 500 miles to the north of where they were staying .
But official travel advice at that point @ @ @ @ @ @ @ visit the south of the country - so they 'd gone as planned .
All the same , Iain recalled spending the trip fastidiously wiping down restaurant tables and washing his hands .
Now , after an overnight stop in Edinburgh , Iain would soon be back at the house in the tiny settlement of Nesting , about 12 miles north of the islands ' capital , Lerwick .
Locals call this leg of the journey the `` white-knuckle express '' ; in strong winds , the plane has to take off and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a crab .
Normally , Iain preferred the 14-hour overnight ferry from Aberdeen .
But on this occasion everything seemed calm .
During the first week of March 2020 , the novel coronavirus pandemic that had raged out of Wuhan still seemed far away .
Here in the tiny aeroplane , Scotland 's mainland was 110 miles to the south , Norway was 190 miles to the east .
It was still possible to conceive that Shetland might be spared .
`` You have to understand what Shetland is like , '' says @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , and I think most people thought it would be something that would happen to other people .
It would n't have come to Shetland . ''
Then , two days after he landed , on the evening of Thursday 5 March , Iain noticed he had a headache .
From Sumburgh Head in the south to Out Stack , the northernmost point in the British Isles , Shetland has 567 sq miles of land and 1,679 miles of coastline .
Of its 100-odd islands , 16 are inhabited , and about half @ @ @ @ @ @ @ his family , live close to Lerwick .
In the summer , days are up to 19 hours long ; in the winter , if you 're lucky , you can see the Northern Lights .
The islands were pledged to Scotland by Norway in 1468 , and the Norn language - a form of Old Norse spoken on the islands - died out in the mid-19th Century .
The Scandinavian influence is still strong , from the Nordic-derived placenames - Burravoe , Grutness , Mavis Grind - to the brightly coloured timber-clad @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the annual Up Helly Aa fire festivals , which conclude with the torching of a Viking galley .
But despite this Shetlanders do n't want the rest of Scotland to forget about them .
A 2018 law introduced by the islands ' Member of the Scottish Parliament banned public bodies from producing maps that depict Shetland , for reasons of cartographical convenience , in a box in the Moray Firth or east of Orkney rather than its true geographical location .
Iain was raised as a Shetlander .
He left to study architecture @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , but two decades later , after starting a family , they decided to open a practice back on Shetland .
It had been their dream for a long time .
`` It 's just the freedom that you have , '' he says .
`` You 've got family , friends and that sort of thing .
It 's a very friendly , positive sort of place . ''
He 's a well-known figure in Shetland - he sits on the local community council , is a keen Up Helly Aa participant @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
The property he and Suzanne designed for their family to the dimensions of a Norse longhouse was featured on the BBC 's Scotland 's Home of the Year programme .
Shetland might be remote , but it is no backwater .
Thanks in part to the discovery of North Sea oil in the late 20th Century , its per capita GDP is among the highest of all Scotland 's local authority areas .
In the 1970s , the local council drove an extraordinarily hard bargain with the energy companies who wanted to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Compensation payments were invested in a charitable trust that ensures the islands have exceptionally good public services .
`` The facilities up here are second to none , '' says Iain .
`` Every little community has its own leisure centre or pool . ''
When he woke on the morning of Friday 6 March , Iain still did n't feel well .
For the past two days he 'd gone in to work , but now he clearly was n't up to it .
One of the friends he 'd travelled to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ was n't feeling great either and had been advised by the NHS to get tested ; so Iain and Suzanne arranged to be tested too .
Nurses arrived at the couple 's house .
They stripped off on the porch and , before stepping inside , changed into full PPE - visors , protective suits - before taking swabs from the Malcomsons ' noses and the backs of their throats .
`` It was like something off the telly , '' Iain says .
The whole scenario was unnerving , but the staff @ @ @ @ @ @ @ : 'You 'll be fine , the chances of you having it where you 've been are almost zero .
So do n't worry about it . '
'' He says he and Suzanne stayed indoors that weekend anyway .
There was a delay while the samples were tested - Iain was told they had to be flown down to Aberdeen and then taken to Glasgow .
On Sunday evening the results came through : Shetland had its first confirmed cases of Covid-19 .
`` Everybody was gobsmacked , '' says Iain .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ there . ''
At least one person on Shetland was n't surprised by the arrival of the virus .
His name is Michael Dickson .
Not long before , as NHS Shetland 's chief executive , he 'd been summoned to the mainland for a presentation on the likely impact of the pandemic .
`` I can honestly say when I came out of the government briefing , it was without a doubt the worst day of my entire career , '' he says .
`` To go back to Shetland and have @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Shetland was incredibly difficult . ''
He also knew that Shetland 's geographical isolation would make treating the virus there especially challenging .
`` Lovely as it is , '' he says , Lerwick 's Gilbert Bain Hospital `` was never built for this . ''
There is no intensive care unit anywhere on the islands .
At that stage , any patients who became critically unwell would need to be flown to Aberdeen or elsewhere on the mainland in an enormous RAF Atlas military transport aircraft .
But Shetland would have advantages @ @ @ @ @ @ @ door , `` I can cast my eye out and see no-one '' , he says .
`` There 's houses but I 'm not going to see anyone walking down the street .
If I go for a five-mile run I might run into three or four people .
It 's just a completely different place to socially distance . ''
Also , an outbreak of measles on the Aberdeen ferry meant NHS Shetland had very recent experience of carrying out contact tracing .
`` That was hugely useful , '' he @ @ @ @ @ @ @ knowing the geography of Shetland , the different communities , makes a huge difference . ''
This was crucial , Dickson says , after the first positive test results came in .
`` When that call went out from the Public Health teams to say we need to do this now , there was n't a debate .
People came in on their Sundays and said 'Right , let 's start , let 's get on with this . '
'' The nurses in visors and PPE suits who came to test the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ had come in contact with and tested them too .
According to Dr Susan Laidlaw , NHS Shetland 's public health consultant , staff from other NHS departments were drafted in to phone contacts .
`` We had a week of very long hours and intense work following up the contacts , identifying new cases and getting them tested and isolated , '' she says .
`` Although difficult at the time , this did help to contain the initial outbreak . ''
`` Everybody at our work got it , '' Iain @ @ @ @ @ @ @ work 's family ended up getting it . ''
Some had diarrhoea , others lost all sense of smell and taste .
Others fared worse - Iain says the father of one of his employees had to be airlifted to Aberdeen .
He would later make a full recovery .
While the contact tracers scrambled to identify how far the virus had spread , Iain 's condition was getting worse .
Suzanne 's symptoms were cold-like , but his were more like the flu - a high temperature , shivering .
There was @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to Aberdeen .
The prospect terrified him .
`` I really did n't want to go off the island , '' he says .
After a few days , Iain 's symptoms began to improve .
But the knowledge he might have given the virus to others in less robust health weighed heavily on him .
He was terrified he 'd given it to his parents , both in their 80s .
`` That stress was there , knowing that you could have given it to people who were n't going to be @ @ @ @ @ @ @ while he 'd been feeling unwell , Iain had n't felt much like looking at social media .
He had n't yet seen the rumours about him .
The virus spread quickly on Shetland .
On 12 March , four days after Iain and Suzanne 's test results came back , the number of confirmed cases announced in the local press rose from two to six ; five days later , they stood at 15 ; by 19 March , they had risen again to 24 .
These were not enormous numbers , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Shetland had the highest number of Covid-19 patients in Scotland relative to its population , and one of the highest in the UK .
`` I think we were top of the graph possibly in the world at one point , '' says Dickson .
As Dickson sees it , this early spike was , in part , testament to the efficiency of the contact tracing teams .
A dedicated Covid ward had already been set aside at the hospital .
But compared to Orkney and the Western Isles , which had largely @ @ @ @ @ @ @ stood out - and Shetlanders were understandably anxious .
Dickson believes this was a crucial factor in containing the outbreak ; it meant islanders were already taking social distancing seriously before controls on movements were enforced .
`` It 's a difficult thing to say , but I think having those cases early on enabled us to move possibly more quickly than had we not had cases until later on in the pandemic , '' he says .
`` My family live down in Brighton and if you went down to the beach @ @ @ @ @ @ @ you would n't have known anything was different .
In Shetland , things have been different pretty much from day one . ''
As early as 11 and 12 March , two Up Helly Aa fire festivals - hugely important events in Shetland 's social calendar - were called off , in response to appeals from the health board .
The following day , while the Cheltenham Gold Cup was going ahead as planned 700 miles away , it was announced that nearly all Shetland 's schools would close from 16 March - @ @ @ @ @ @ @ country .
Cafes , bars , restaurants and leisure centres were already shutting down across the islands long before the Scottish and Westminster government imposed their lockdowns , says Maggie Sandison , chief executive of the Shetland Islands Council .
`` I think there 's a really strong sense of community in Shetland , '' says Sandison .
Naturally , islanders were anxious to do the right thing by their neighbours .
But also , because such a high proportion of the population knew each other , `` people were aware that they @ @ @ @ @ @ @ who then became a positive case '' - and this in turn meant they knew to self-isolate .
Sandison says the early decision to close schools was taken in part because some teachers had been part of the contact tracing teams and were advised to stay home after coming into face-to-face contact with people who had tested positive .
On a sparsely populated group of islands , this was enough to put a strain on staffing levels .
At the same time , `` there was quite heightened anxiety from parents '' some @ @ @ @ @ @ @ home already .
Ferry operators also began preventing tourists and non-residents from travelling to the islands before nationwide restrictions were brought in .
`` Because the transport links with the mainland were reduced early on , and the transport operators are only taking people who have essential reasons for travel , this has to some extent isolated the islands , '' says Laidlaw .
A weekly Covid-19 Facebook livestream hosted by Dickson would attract as many as 600 viewers at a time .
And Shetland 's community spirit was n't just about locking @ @ @ @ @ @ @ staff at the hospital found they had a shortage of scrubs , a sewing pattern was posted on Facebook along with an appeal to turn any unwanted bedsheets into medical clothing .
`` We had bags and bags of finished scrubs within days , '' says a personal assistant working for NHS Shetland , 38-year-old Lisa Grey , who oversaw the Shetland Scrubs project .
As well as bringing extra colour to the wards , superhero patterns on erstwhile children 's duvet covers proved especially popular with medical staff .
`` You can @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Facebook - folk saying , 'If anyone needs shopping , I 'm off tomorrow . '
If anyone needs help , there will always be someone that 'll help , '' Grey says .
With the rest of Scotland and the UK soon following Shetland 's example in locking down , and many other Covid-19 clusters emerging around the UK , the islands felt less like an outlier .
But as March turned to April the archipelago 's cases kept rising , and before long it would report its first death .
Word @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the Malcolmsons had been the first to test positive ; Iain had never expected otherwise .
`` One thing about Shetland is you have absolutely no anonymity , '' he says .
`` People know you 're the person that 's brought it in . ''
To Iain , it was understandable , in a perverse way , when rumours about his family began to circulate on social media .
Their names had n't been officially released , and `` in the absence of fact , people just make stuff up '' , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ going to change .
There 's always a few idiots out there . ''
As he had n't been looking at Facebook , it was news to him when friends got in touch to say the family was `` getting a serious amount of flak '' .
According to the gossip , on the weekend he and his wife had been tested , `` we were everywhere - we were out on pub crawls , we were out at concerts , '' says Iain .
`` That weekend we did everything in Shetland @ @ @ @ @ @ @ I do n't know why , but they were totally convinced that they 'd seen us there . ''
It was bad enough when it was confined to Facebook .
Then tabloid journalists began calling the house .
Iain 's friends and family were feeling the pressure .
They urged him to go on Facebook and correct the record .
Iain really did n't want to do it .
He was n't a big social media person .
What if it backfired ?
Might this not antagonise people further ?
But something needed @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , Iain sat down at his computer and began typing .
• RISK AT WORK : How exposed is your job ?
• THE R NUMBER : What it means and why it matters • COMPARING COUNTRIES : The pitfalls of doing so • R0 , FURLOUGH : The language of the outbreak • RECOVERY : How long does it take to get better ?
`` After some of the hardest few days we have ever experienced , and it is only getting harder , it is with a heavy heart that Suzanne @ @ @ @ @ @ @ put straight some of the more vicious rumours that are circulating about us on social media in Shetland , '' he wrote .
After being told they were to be tested and advised to self-isolate , `` we have not left the house since and have not been out partying , or socialising of any kind '' .
The response was overwhelmingly positive .
The post was shared over 1,000 times ; friends and neighbours backed up their account ; the record was duly corrected .
Iain did n't bear a grudge - @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of reliable information .
`` It showed you the good side and the bad side of social media . ''
According to National Records of Scotland ( NRS ) , the first death of a person in Shetland with Covid-19 took place some time between 30 March and 5 April .
Five more came the following week ; a sixth the week after that .
On 6 May , another death was announced ; there have been no more since then .
Tragically , five of the seven were in a single care @ @ @ @ @ @ @ hope it has seen its last coronavirus death of the current peak .
The last time a resident of the islands tested positive was 20 April - since then , the total number of confirmed cases has stood still at 54 .
Nine days afterwards , Dickson told Shetland 's local media that the outbreak there may have `` plateaued '' .
`` They 've obviously managed to control the virus by doing an early lockdown , '' says Hugh Pennington , emeritus professor of bacteriology at the University of Aberdeen , who @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
`` Full marks to them , really .
Whatever they did worked . ''
Shetland 's isolation and lack of new cases makes it , along with Orkney , effectively `` a very small-scale New Zealand '' , says Prof Pennington - and like New Zealand , he says , the islands could in theory lift their lockdowns by strictly controlling who comes and goes .
But the islands ' authorities are cool on the idea of a New Zealand-style quarantine .
Dickson notes how many patients have to travel to Aberdeen @ @ @ @ @ @ @ `` So are we saying those people are n't able to go to the mainland because we 've closed our borders ? ''
It 's also necessary for the fishing and oil industries for some people to have the ability to travel in and out .
It 's not just winter and spring events like the Up Helly Aa festivals that have been postponed though , as a result of the lockdown .
In 2020 the long summer days will pass on the islands without sheepdog trials , the accordion and fiddle festival @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 's no end in sight - the first fire festival of 2021 has already been cancelled .
The absence of tourists is also being keenly felt .
`` My business would n't exist without tourism , '' says Lynn Johnson , who runs the Cake Fridge tea room on a single-track road between Voe and Aith on West Shetland Mainland 's northern coast .
To keep it going , she needs both the lockdown to be lifted and travel to resume .
`` We really , really need that spring , summer , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ our islands get , to see us through the winter .
And we 're not going to have that at all . ''
But for now , the lockdown is holding .
Shetland is ready to resume contact tracing - which was halted in late March , as in the rest of the UK - and Laidlaw says the islands are well prepared for the next phase .
Since late April , Shetland has had its own Covid-19 testing equipment , meaning samples no longer have to be sent to the mainland .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ one Iain flew back from holiday on - have been converted into air ambulances .
In spite of the apparent success of Shetland 's track-and-trace operation , no-one may ever know how the virus arrived there .
Iain and his wife may have been the first people on Shetland to have tested positive , but that does n't mean they were the first to bring it .
`` Obviously I know about the contact tracing , the Malcomsons and their experience , '' says Dickson .
`` We picked up those people who @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
I always say , those are the ones we know about .
Shetland is a small community but we do have people who come in and out of the islands frequently . ''
The couple most likely travelled in with the virus , but `` what we ca n't guarantee is they were the only people '' .
And there is no guarantee the Malcolmsons caught the virus in Italy either , as it is thought to have been circulating in Edinburgh , where they changed flights , since February .
Iain @ @ @ @ @ @ @ social distancing .
And he knows he 's fortunate to being doing so in Shetland , where keeping apart from others is easier .
`` It 's absolutely beautiful , '' he says .
`` You feel like you 're on holiday .
You have to be pretty disciplined about actually working .
But this could be our summer , so you have to make hay while the sun shines . ''

"After some of the hardest few days we have ever experienced, and it is only getting harder, it is with a heavy heart that Suzanne and I feel it is necessary to put straight some of the more vicious rumours that are circulating about us on social media in Shetland," he wrote. After being told they were to be tested and advised to self-isolate, "we have not left the house since and have not been out partying, or socialising of any kind".