bbc--2020-07-18--England v West Indies: Rain delays start of day three in second Test

England were frustrated by the weather as the third day of the second Test against West Indies was delayed rain at Emirates Old Trafford .
Morning drizzle turned heavier before the scheduled start time of 11:00 BST and rain is forecast for the rest of the day .
England are looking to take advantage of a strong position in order to level the three-Test series .
West Indies closed day two on 32-1 in reply to England 's 469-9 declared .
The tourists won the toss and asked England to bat first , only for Ben Stokes to make 176 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ pitch already showing signs of turn , off-spinner Roston Chase took 5-172 .
Sam Curran trapped West Indies opener John Campbell lbw late on Friday and would have had nightwatchman Alzarri Joseph in similar fashion if he opted for a review .
Opener Kraigg Brathwaite will resume on six and Joseph 12 when play gets under way .
• What next for Archer and England ?
• Watch Today at the Test on iPlayer • Is diet affecting your mental health ?
: Find out what food hinders and help • Once Upon @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and unique look at the conflict

Last updated on .From the section Cricket
By Stephan Shemilt BBC Sport at Emirates Old Trafford
Rain also delayed the start of play on the opening day
Second Test, Emirates Old Trafford (day three of five) England 469-9 dec: Stokes 176, Sibley 120, Chase 5-172 West Indies 32-1 West Indies trail by 437 Scorecard
England face a race against time to level the series against West Indies after the third day of the second Test was washed out.
Morning drizzle turned into persistent rain at Emirates Old Trafford and, with no prospect of play, the abandonment came just after 16:00 BST.
It means England will have two days to take the 19 wickets that would tie the three-match series at 1-1.
West Indies will begin day four on 32-1 in reply to England's 469-9 declared.
Opener Kraigg Brathwaite is six not out and nightwatchman Alzarri Joseph is unbeaten on 14.
Sam Curran trapped John Campbell lbw late on day two and would have had Joseph in similar fashion had England opted to review.
England had been put in a dominant position by 176 from Ben Stokes and Dom Sibley's 120, as West Indies' exhausted bowlers toiled after the tourists won the toss and chose to field.
In order to force victory, England will have Sunday and Monday to twice find a way through a West Indies batting line-up that was stubborn in their first-Test win in Southampton.
They face the obstacle of a placid pitch, albeit one that has shown some signs of turn.
They will also almost certainly have to enforce the follow-on, so unfashionable in the modern game.
The only occurrence of note on Saturday was the news that England pace bowler Jofra Archer has been fined an undisclosed amount and given a written warning for breaching the bio-secure protocols.
Archer visited his home in Hove on Monday during his journey from Southampton to Manchester.
He was dropped for this Test, but the lack of a further ban means he will be available to play in the third if he returns two negative coronavirus tests during a five-day period of isolation which ends on Monday.
Archer's availability for the final match in the series would be a boost to an attack that is now facing the prospect of bowling for two days.
However, with England rotating their fast bowlers during a summer when they play six Tests in seven weeks, it could be that Archer has missed his opportunity.
Even if any of Stuart Broad, Chris Woakes and Sam Curran, the pace bowlers in this match, are not able to play in the third Test, England have the rested pair of James Anderson and Mark Wood waiting in the wings.


bbc--2020-07-18--Man Utd without injured Shaw for FA Cup semi-final against Chelsea

Manchester United left-back Luke Shaw will miss the FA Cup semi-final against Chelsea after failing to recover from an ankle problem .
Shaw 's fellow defender Brandon Williams should be fit after a facial injury .
`` Luke will be out .
Brandon will try to join in training on Saturday with his eye .
We 'll see if he can see the ball , '' said manager Ole Gunnar Solskjaer .
Midfielder N'Golo Kante will miss a fourth successive game for Chelsea because of a hamstring injury .
Scottish midfielder Billy Gilmour , 19 , is out for the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
Sergio Romero has been in goal for United 's cup games , but Solskjaer refused to confirm whether he , or striker Jesse Lingard , would be involved at Wembley .
`` The team is not selected yet .
Jesse and Sergio both have a good chance of being involved , '' said Solskjaer .
`` Jesse is a part of the club .
He has worked really hard and he deserves his chance to come back in .
We know his qualities .
He has different qualities to other players and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ • Watch all of Chelsea 's FA Cup goals this season • FA Cup semi-finals : How to watch and follow on the BBC this weekend I 'm backing United and Chelsea to edge out Leicester and both finish in the top four in the league .
But United have the edge when these two go head to head , and I think they will beat the Blues for the fourth time this season on Sunday .
United 's improvement is not just down to the fact their front three are playing well @ @ @ @ @ @ @ are finishing off so much of the good work done by the rest of their team .
Chelsea are dangerous when they come forward too , of course .
I just think United carry more of a threat , and they are more solid at the other end too .
There have been a few all-London FA Cup finals before but if I am right with my predictions , and City and United both win and play each other on 1 August , then it would be a huge shame that their fans @ @ @ @ @ @ @ for the first all-Manchester final .
• Manchester United have beaten Chelsea three times this season : twice in the league and once in the League Cup .
The only side to win four games against the Blues in a season is United , in 2010-11 .
• The teams are meeting for the fourth season in a row in the FA Cup .
The Blues won a quarter-final in 2017 and the final in 2018 , with United the victors in the fifth round last season .
• United are vying to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the first time this century .
• United are playing in their 30th FA Cup semi-final - a joint record with Arsenal .
They could become the first side to reach the final on 21 occasions .
• The Red Devils have progressed from 15 of their past 17 FA Cup semi-finals , losing on penalties against Everton in 2009 and 0-1 against Manchester City in 2011 .
• They have won 21 and lost just three of their 26 FA Cup games over the past five seasons .
• United are unbeaten @ @ @ @ @ @ @ W14 , D5 ) .
It 's their best form since a 29-match streak without defeat between April and November 2010 .
• Chelsea are the most successful side in the FA Cup this century , reaching eight finals and winning six titles .
This is their third semi-final appearance in four seasons , and 11th this century .
• They have won 12 of their past 15 FA Cup semi-final matches .
• The Blues have lost only one of their past 14 FA Cup ties ( W10 , D3 ) .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ Cup goals in 28 appearances and provided eight assists .

Last updated on .From the section FA Cup
De Gea mistakes send Chelsea to FA Cup final
Manchester United goalkeeper David de Gea endured a Wembley nightmare as Chelsea strolled to victory and set up an FA Cup final date with Arsenal.
United manager Ole Gunnar Solskjaer ditched his usual FA Cup keeper Sergio Romero to keep faith with De Gea - but the experienced Spain international produced two horrendous errors either side of half-time to gift Chelsea two goals.
De Gea made a flimsy attempt to deal with Olivier Giroud's flick in first-half stoppage time then weakly fumbled Mason Mount's tame 20-yard shot into the net moments after the restart.
Chelsea's excellent performance fully merited this victory and United's abject misery after a dreadful performance was complete when captain Harry Maguire diverted Marcos Alonso's cross into his own net at the near post with 16 minutes left.
Frank Lampard's side were in complete control from first to last as they comprehensively ended Manchester United's 19-match unbeaten run in all competitions.
Bruno Fernandes pulled a goal back from the penalty spot late on after Callum Hudson-Odoi fouled Anthony Martial but it could not even be described as a consolation as Chelsea closed out the win.
Lampard eyes first-season silverware
Lampard is now in position to make his first season in charge a highly satisfactory one as they contemplate a place in the FA Cup final and lie third in the Premier League, in position to reach next season's Champions League.
And no-one can question their right to this win as they dominated from start to finish, particularly in midfield, where they were able to subdue the influence of the talented Fernandes.
Once again 33-year-old Giroud demonstrated his influence, leading the line selflessly and being rewarded with that crucial first goal, even though it received a large helping hand from De Gea.
Chelsea were more energetic, dangerous and aggressive and while they were thankful to those mistakes from De Gea, the margin of victory was no more than they deserved.
Lampard's side cut off any supply line to United's forwards and it will be an intriguing final on 1 August back here at Wembley, when he pits his wits against another rookie manager in Arsenal's Mikel Arteta.
Manchester United's day of misery
United went into this semi-final high on optimism on that long unbeaten run and with the sense that Solskjaer was starting to get to grips with the big rebuilding job.
That continues and United are still in decent shape to reach next season's Champions League, either via the Premier League or Europa League, but this was a savage setback.
And the main culprit was De Gea, who gives the impression of a goalkeeper either in permanent decline or going through a very long slump.
De Gea changed the face of this FA Cup semi-final with those mistakes, allowing Chelsea to transform their dominance into a two-goal lead.
Fernandes was overpowered in midfield and United had no punch in attack, where Solskjaer decided to leave the potency of Anthony Martial and Mason Greenwood on the bench, along with Paul Pogba.
It was perhaps a sign that Solskjaer knew all was not well when he introduced Martial for defender Eric Bailly when he sustained a first-half head injury while Greenwood and Pogba were only introduced in desperation when the game was gone.
Bailly suffered a cut to the back of his head and Solskjaer said the Ivorian had been taken to hospital for "routine checks and protocols".
In defence they were also vulnerable, Victor Lindelof losing Giroud too easily for Chelsea's opener and captain Maguire ending any hopes with that own goal.
United complained they should have had a penalty when Martial went down under Kurt Zouma's first-half challenge but this was a miserable experience for Solskjaer and his players.
Solskjaer's side have had many good days in recent months. This was a very bad one.
Man of the match - Olivier Giroud
Since his debut in the FA Cup in January 2013, Chelsea's Olivier Giroud has scored 16 goals in the competition - only Sergio Aguero (19) has netted more in this period.
Match stats - Chelsea knock United out for sixth time
Chelsea have reached their 14th FA Cup final. Only Arsenal (21 including this season) and Manchester United (20) have made the final on more occasions.
Manchester United have been eliminated from the FA Cup by Chelsea for a sixth time (including three of the last four seasons) - only Arsenal (seven) have knocked the Red Devils out of the competition on more occasions.
This was Chelsea's first victory against Manchester United since the 2018 FA Cup final - the Blues were winless in six matches across all competitions against the Red Devils prior to today (D2 L4).
Chelsea are the first side to beat Manchester United since Burnley in the Premier League back in January, ending United's 19 game unbeaten run in all competitions.
Mason Mount became the first Englishman to score for Chelsea at Wembley since John Terry in the 2015 League Cup final versus Tottenham.
No player has scored more goals for Frank Lampard in his managerial career than Mason Mount (18 - level with Harry Wilson).
Since his Manchester United debut in February, no Premier League player has been involved in more goals across all competitions than Bruno Fernandes (17 - nine goals and eight assists).
Manchester United have both taken (19) and scored (15) more penalties than any other Premier League side this season in all competitions.


bbc--2020-07-18--Coronavirus spike continues amid new Catalonia restrictions

Spain 's north-eastern Catalonia region has again recorded a daily Covid-19 infection figure of more than 1,000 , as residents endure new restrictions .
Health authorities are trying to halt this week 's surge , which has led to four million people around Barcelona being asked to stay home for 15 days .
Catalonia 's is the worst of 150 Spanish outbreaks and neighbouring France says closing borders should be discussed .
Spain has recorded 260,000 cases and there have been 28,400 deaths .
The latest 24-hour figures from the region 's department of health on Saturday record another 1,226 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Barcelona metropolitan area , adding to a surge over the past week .
The surge led to tough new measures being announced on Friday .
Although they did not amount to a full lockdown , they have caused considerable concern in a region that was hoping to see an easing of restrictions .
The measures , for an initial period of 15 days for Barcelona , La Noguera and El Segrià , include : • No meetings of more than 10 people in public or private • Only leave the house for essential @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , restrictions on bars and restaurants , suspension of cultural activities and recreational sport Barcelona bar owner Maria Quintana told AFP : `` We 'd just started to see things coming back to life with the arrival of a few foreign tourists , so this is a step backwards . ''
Spain only ended its tough national lockdown about four weeks ago and was hoping to kick-start the economy , particularly with tourism numbers .
The streets of Barcelona were reported emptier on Saturday , although some residents may have defied orders and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
What has France said ?
New Prime Minister Jean Castex was asked whether a closure of borders could be possible amid Spain 's report of 150 new virus clusters .
He said : `` We are monitoring this very closely , here in particular , because it is a real issue that we also need to discuss with the Spanish authorities . ''
The border was only reopened to general citizens on 21 June .
France 's deaths from coronavirus currently stand at just over 30,000 .
How are the EU 's @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Saturday , discussions in Brussels over a huge post-coronavirus economic recovery plan ground on .
The second day of talks received mixed reviews .
Italian Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte said there was a `` stalemate '' but Austrian Chancellor Sebastian Kurz said he thought they were going in the right direction .
Some `` frugal '' northern nations like the Netherlands and Sweden have balked at the €750bn ( $ 857bn ; £680bn ) package , arguing it should be loans not grants .
A revised plan would tone down the level of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ long way to go .
The talks are now going into a third day on Sunday .
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He said: "We are monitoring this very closely, here in particular, because it is a real issue that we also need to discuss with the Spanish authorities."


bbc--2020-07-18--China coronavirus: 'Wartime state' declared for Urumqi in Xinjiang

A `` wartime state '' has been declared in Urumqi , the capital of China 's western Xinjiang region , after a spike in cases of coronavirus .
Officials on Saturday said 17 new cases had been recorded and strict measures on movement had been imposed .
Although the figure appears low , China has recorded very few significant outbreaks since Covid-19 emerged in the city of Wuhan late last year .
China is now not in the top 20 in terms of either infections or deaths .
• What did China do about early outbreak ?
• Did China @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ?
It has recorded just over 85,000 infections and 4,600 fatalities , according to Johns Hopkins university research .
What is happening in Urumqi ?
The capital of the Xinjiang Autonomous Region has a population of about 3.5 million .
The latest infections began to be detected on Wednesday , the first in the region for months , prompting the cancellation of almost all flights in and out of the city .
Subway services were also suspended .
On Saturday , officials said the total of cases was 17 .
One official told @ @ @ @ @ @ @ city has entered a 'wartime state ' , and will suspend all kinds of group activities . ''
• Mass screening in buildings where new cases have been detected , later expanding to the whole of Urumqi • Visits to other households are restricted , as are large gatherings • Residents urged not to leave the city unless absolutely necessary and must be tested if they do Rui Baoling , the director of the disease control and prevention , said the main cluster had been detected in the Tianshan district of Urumqi but @ @ @ @ @ @ @ '' , she added that the `` situation is generally controllable '' .
Xinjiang has this week reported another 23 cases listed as `` asymptomatic '' , with 269 people under `` medical observation '' .
How has China coped with outbreaks ?
The vast majority of coronavirus deaths and most of the infections in China occurred in Wuhan at the start of the year .
Since then , the only large-scale cluster was reported in June in Beijing , where more than 330 people were infected before the outbreak was contained .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ reporting of numbers on the outbreak .
China has certainly taken tough measures to prevent any outbreak expanding , imposing strict controls where necessary , including shutting transport and introducing mass testing .
For Friday , only 22 new cases were reported for the whole of mainland China , and that includes 16 of Urumqi 's cases .
To put this in perspective , Florida on Saturday registered a rise of more than 10,000 cases .
Why Xinjiang is also in the news Xinjiang is home to the mainly Muslim Uighur people and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ intense state control .
The BBC 's China correspondent Stephen McDonell says there is the added sensitivity of controversial detention camps where hundreds of thousands of mostly ethnic Uighurs have been interned as part of a mass `` de-radicalisation '' programme .
He says if the coronavirus got into one of those camps the same way it has in prisons , the possibility of widespread infection would be considerable .
Xinjiang is one of a number of issues that have contributed to worsening US-China relations .
Last week , the Trump administration announced @ @ @ @ @ @ @ are responsible for human rights violations against Muslim minorities in Xinjiang .
China rejects the accusations .
On Thursday , foreign ministry spokesperson Hua Chunying invited US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo to visit Xinjiang to see for himself that there were no such violations .
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The latest infections began to be detected on Wednesday, the first in the region for months, prompting the cancellation of almost all flights in and out of the city. Subway services were also suspended.


bbc--2020-07-18--John Lewis: US presidents join tributes to civil rights icon

US presidents and foreign leaders have joined the tributes to civil rights icon John Lewis , who has died of pancreatic cancer at the age of 80 .
Lewis was one of the `` Big Six '' civil rights leaders , which included Martin Luther King Jr , and helped organise the historic 1963 March on Washington .
Barack Obama is among those who have praised Lewis 's legacy .
President Donald Trump later said in a tweet that he was `` saddened '' to hear of the former congressman 's death .
A petition to rename a bridge in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Lewis 's life has drawn more than 400,000 signatures .
Joe Biden , the presumptive Democratic nominee for president , described Lewis as `` truly one-of-a-kind , a moral compass '' .
Mr Biden said he had spoken to Lewis in the days before his death .
`` His voice still commanded respect and his laugh was still full of joy .
Instead of answering our concerns for him , he asked about us .
He asked us to stay focused on the work left undone to heal this nation . ''
• @ @ @ @ @ @ @ until his last breath' Each of the four living former US presidents paid tribute to Lewis .
`` Not many of us get to live to see our own legacy play out in such a meaningful , remarkable way .
John Lewis did , '' Barack Obama said .
`` And thanks to him , we now all have our marching orders - to keep believing in the possibility of remaking this country we love until it lives up to its full promise . ''
His predecessor George W Bush said Lewis had @ @ @ @ @ @ @ more perfect union '' , while Bill Clinton described him as `` the conscience of the nation '' .
Jimmy Carter , meanwhile , noted that the former congressman had `` made an indelible mark on history through his quest to make our nation more just '' .
The response from current President Donald Trump , however , was far more muted and came hours after messages were issued by other US politicians .
`` Saddened to hear the news of civil rights hero John Lewis passing .
Melania and I send our @ @ @ @ @ @ @ '' said Trump , whom Lewis had publicly criticised .
Flags were flown at half-mast on Saturday morning and Vice-President Mike Pence called Lewis `` a great man whose courage and decades of public service changed America forever '' .
Civil rights activists spoke of their sorrow at Lewis 's death .
`` John Lewis is what patriotism and courage look like , '' civil rights activist Rev Jesse Jackson , who first met Lewis during protests in 1960 , said .
Martin Luther King III , the eldest son of the civil @ @ @ @ @ @ @ From a historical standpoint , there are few who are able to become giants ... John Lewis really became a giant through his examples that he set for all of us . ''
A number of foreign leaders , including French President Emmanuel Macron , have also paid tribute .
The bridge crosses the Alabama river in the state 's town of Selma .
In 1965 , John Lewis led hundreds of protesters over the bridge on a peace march to Montgomery .
State troopers attacked them and Lewis was left with a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Bloody Sunday .
He walked across the bridge with then President Obama 50 years later .
The bridge was named after a Confederate general and later Ku Klux Klan leader in Alabama .
The petition on change.org cites the recent movement to remove statues and monuments to the Confederate past in the wake of the death in police custody of African American George Floyd .
`` As we wipe away this country 's long stain of bigotry , we must also wipe away the names of men like Edmund Pettus , '' the @ @ @

"Not many of us get to live to see our own legacy play out in such a meaningful, remarkable way. John Lewis did," Barack Obama said. "And thanks to him, we now all have our marching orders - to keep believing in the possibility of remaking this country we love until it lives up to its full promise."


bbc--2020-07-18--Obituary: John Lewis, US civil rights champion

`` Hold only love , only peace in your heart , knowing that the battle of good to overcome evil is already won .
`` Choose confrontation wisely , but when it is your time do n't be afraid to stand up , speak up , and speak out against injustice . ''
John Lewis forged his legacy as a lifetime champion for civil rights and racial equality during the struggles of the 1960s as he preached a message of non-violence alongside Dr Martin Luther King Jr .
It was in March 1965 that Lewis , aged only 25 , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ leaders as they led peaceful protesters across the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma , Alabama .
Their planned march would take them to Montgomery , the state capitol , to demand equal voting rights .
As they crossed the bridge , armed Alabama police officers on horseback carrying tear gas , whips and bully clubs attacked them .
At least 40 protesters required treatment , and Lewis suffered a fractured skull .
Media outlets from across America captured the brutal attack on film , calling it Bloody Sunday .
The event became a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ rights for African-Americans , as Americans outside the South could now see the abuse inflicted upon the black community under `` Jim Crow '' segregation laws .
Five months later , with Lewis among the collection of civil rights leaders at the White House , President Lyndon Johnson signed the Voting Rights Act of 1965 into law .
Lewis was born on 21 February , 1940 , during the time of Jim Crow laws , to a family of sharecroppers in the small Southern town of Troy , Alabama .
He was one @ @ @ @ @ @ @ early age he expressed an obvious love of learning .
Lewis would spend hours upon hours at his local library , and it was here where he could find African-American publications that would embolden his commitment to the struggle for civil rights .
`` I loved going to the library , '' said Lewis .
`` It was the first time I ever saw black newspapers and magazines like JET , Ebony , the Baltimore Afro-American , or the Chicago Defender .
And I 'll never forget my librarian . ''
As a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ American South , the battle for racial equality actively shaped his life long before he became an activist .
In 1954 , when Lewis was only 13 , the Supreme Court , in a unanimous decision , ruled in favour of Brown vs Board of Education , striking down more than 50 years of legalised racial segregation .
Alabama , along with many other states , fought the decision and delayed implementation of school desegregation .
Lewis ' school remained segregated despite Brown , and Alabama 's commitment to segregation forced him to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Lewis aspired to attend the nearby , all-white Troy State University and study for the ministry , but the school 's segregationist stance meant it would never accept him .
In 1957 , Lewis finally decided on attending the predominantly African-American institution , the American Baptist Theological Seminary in Nashville , Tennessee , because it allowed students to work for the school in lieu of tuition .
Yet during his first year in Nashville , as the fight against segregation continued , Lewis attempted to transfer to Troy State .
He sent in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ from the school .
It was common during this time for segregationist schools to ignore the applications of African-Americans instead of formally accepting or denying them .
After growing frustrated by Troy State 's lack of response , Lewis wrote a letter to King describing his dilemma .
King responded by sending Lewis a round-trip bus ticket to Montgomery so they could meet .
This meeting would commence Lewis ' relationship with King and his lifelong leadership in the struggle for civil rights .
Lewis eventually decided to end his dream of entering @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Lewis ' parents had also feared their son would be killed , and their land taken away , if he continued to challenge Jim Crow laws .
Instead , Lewis returned to Nashville , graduated from the seminary , and went on to earn a Bachelor of Arts in religion and philosophy .
Throughout college , Lewis remained an important figure in the civil rights movement , organising sit-ins at segregated lunch counters .
In 1961 he became one of the 13 original Freedom Riders , seeking to end the practice of segregation @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , several southern states had laws prohibiting African-Americans and white riders from sitting next to each other on public transportation or in bus terminals .
The original 13 - seven white and six black - attempted to ride from Washington to New Orleans .
In Virginia and North Carolina , the Freedom Riders evaded conflict , but all of that changed as they moved further south .
In May 1961 , Lewis was attacked by a mob of white men at a bus station in Rock Hill , South Carolina , for attempting @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Whites '' .
Lewis was beaten and bloodied on that day , but his commitment remained undeterred .
In the Deep South , Lewis and other Freedom Riders were beaten by angry mobs , arrested , and jailed for sitting or standing next to white people on buses and in bus terminals .
Some of the original riders left due to the violence and terror , but Lewis continued all the way to New Orleans .
In 2009 , Lewis was reunited with his Rock Hill attacker , only this time instead of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ open hand and a request for forgiveness .
Elwin Wilson , a former Klansman who attacked Lewis , said that the election of President Barack Obama had spurred him to admitting his hateful acts and to ask for forgiveness from Lewis .
`` I said if just one person comes forward and gets the hate out of their heart , it 's all worth it , '' said Wilson .
`` I never dreamed that a man that I had assaulted , that he would ever be a congressman and that I 'd @ @ @ @ @ @ @ was very , very sincere , and I think it takes a lot of raw courage to be willing to come forward the way he did , '' said Lewis .
`` I think it will lead to a great deal of healing . ''
In 1963 , when aged only 23 , Lewis became the chairman of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee ( SNCC ) , making him one of the `` Big Six '' civil rights leaders of the era .
These leaders would organise the 1963 March on Washington , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ I Have A Dream '' speech .
Lewis , at an age when most people had just begun their professional careers , also stood atop the Lincoln Memorial and gave a rousing oration about the importance of fighting for civil rights .
`` We are tired , '' Lewis said in his speech .
`` We are tired of being beaten by policemen .
We are tired of seeing our people locked up in jail over and over again .
And then you holler , 'Be patient ' .
How long can we @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and we want it now . ''
In March 1965 , Lewis , King and other civil rights leaders organised the march from Selma to Montgomery that became a tipping point in the battle for civil rights and the eventual passage of the 1965 Voting Rights amendment .
Throughout his early civil rights career , King remained Lewis ' mentor , the man Lewis said `` was like a big brother to me '' .
`` [ He ] inspired me to get in trouble - what I call good trouble , necessary @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Washington Post .
`` And I 've been getting in trouble ever since . ''
Lewis was in Indianapolis in April 1968 , campaigning with Democratic presidential candidate Bobby Kennedy , when Kennedy announced that King had been assassinated .
`` It was such an unbelievable feeling , '' Lewis said .
`` I cried .
I just felt like something had died in all of us when we heard that Dr Martin Luther King Jr had been assassinated .
But I said to myself , well , we still have Bobby .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ was gone . ''
After leaving the SNCC in 1966 , Lewis remained active in civil rights in Atlanta , working on voter registration programmes and on helping people rise out of poverty .
When Jimmy Carter won the successful presidential bid , Lewis took a position with the federal domestic volunteer agency and in 1981 , after Carter lost the White House to Republican Ronald Reagan , Lewis returned to Atlanta and was elected to the City Council .
Five years later he ran successfully for Georgia 's fifth congressional district , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
To help acquaint a new generation of Americans with the fight for civil rights in the 1960s , Lewis co-created the three-part graphic novel March , a vivid memoir of his lifetime of civil rights advocacy that went on to be a bestseller and award-winner .
As a young activist , Lewis had himself been inspired by the 1958 comic book Martin Luther King and the Montgomery Story .
Through his own graphic novel , he hoped to inspire another generation of civil rights leaders .
`` We are involved now in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ in March : Book Two , published in 2015 .
`` This nation is still a place of cheap political leaders who build their careers on immoral compromises and ally themselves with open forms of political , economic and social exploitation .
`` What political leader here can stand up and say , 'My party is the party of principles ? '
'' In 2014 , the film Selma depicted the events of Lewis ' historic march across the Edmund Pettus Bridge , and was released to wide acclaim .
It further cemented @ @ @ @ @ @ @ icon .
He recreated the journey across the bridge in March 2015 , but this time with Barack Obama , America 's first black president .
`` It is a rare honour in this life to follow one of your heroes , and John Lewis is one of my heroes , '' Obama said at the 50th anniversary celebration .
During Donald Trump 's presidency , Lewis fiercely opposed the policies and statements made by the president and his fellow Republicans .
Lewis boycotted Trump 's inauguration , saying he did not believe @ @ @ @ @ @ @ because of Russian interference in the 2016 election .
He went on to repeat concerns about the direction he felt the US was taking in 2017 , after the white supremacist rally and attack in Charlottesville , Virginia .
`` I am very troubled , '' he said .
`` I can not believe in my heart what I am witnessing today in America .
I wanted to think not only as an elected official , but as a human being that we had made more progress .
It troubles me a great @ @ @ @ @ @ @ an undeterred and committed champion for the fight for civil rights and racial equality until his last breath .
`` When you see something that is not right , not fair , not just , you have to speak up .
You have to say something ; you have to do something '' - John Lewis .

"We are tired," Lewis said in his speech. "We are tired of being beaten by policemen. We are tired of seeing our people locked up in jail over and over again. And then you holler, 'Be patient'. How long can we be patient? We want our freedom and we want it now."


bbc--2020-07-18--Russia's UK ambassador rejects coronavirus vaccine hacking allegations

Russia 's ambassador to the UK has rejected allegations that his country 's intelligence services tried to steal coronavirus vaccine research .
`` I do n't believe in this story at all , there is no sense in it , '' Andrei Kelin told the BBC 's Andrew Marr Show .
On Thursday , UK security services said hackers targeting vaccine developers `` almost certainly '' operated as `` part of Russian intelligence services '' .
Mr Kelin also rejected suggestions that Russia had interfered in UK politics .
Earlier this week , Foreign Secretary Dominic Raab said Russians almost @ @ @ @ @ @ @ UK election through illicitly-acquired documents .
The papers , which emerged online , detailed UK-US trade discussions and were used by Labour in its election campaign .
`` I do not see any point in using this subject as a matter of interference , '' Mr Kelin said .
`` We do not interfere at all .
We do not see any point in interference because for us , whether it will be [ the ] Conservative Party or Labour 's party at the head of this country , we will try to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ than now . ''
The interview comes days before a report into allegations of wider Russian interference into UK democracy is due to be published by Parliament 's Intelligence and Security Committee .
On Thursday , UK , US and Canada security services said a hacking group called APT29 had targeted various organisations involved in Covid-19 vaccine development , with the likely intention of stealing information .
The UK 's National Cyber Security Centre ( NCSC ) said it was more than 95 % certain that the group , also known as The @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of Russian intelligence services .
Asked whether that was true , Mr Kelin did not directly answer , but said : `` I learned about their existence from British media . ''
`` In this world , to attribute any kind of computer hackers to any country , it is impossible , '' he said .
Mr Kelin went on to dismiss a suggestion that it would be an `` advantage '' for Russia to know about vaccines in development .
He said Russian pharmaceutical company R-Pharm had already entered a partnership with @ @ @ @ @ @ @ developed at the University of Oxford , should it prove effective .
Elsewhere in the interview , Mr Kelin said Russian officials studying the country 's recent constitutional referendum discovered `` several cyber-attacks '' originating from UK territory .
Two weeks ago , Russia voted in favour of a wide-ranging set of constitutional changes , which included clauses banning same-sex marriage and making it possible for President Vladimir Putin to stay in power until 2036 .
Mr Kelin stressed that Russia was not `` accusing the United Kingdom as a state '' of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ not give further details as to their nature .
Andrew Marr also asked Mr Kelin whether he had seen the recent BBC miniseries , The Salisbury Poisonings , which dramatised the poisoning of former spy and MI6 informant Sergei Skripal and his daughter Yulia .
`` I saw part of them , '' he said , adding that it was `` so dull '' he could not watch the three-part series to the end .
The UK has accused two Russian military intelligence officers of being behind the poisonings but the ambassador indicated @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the incident , saying : `` We still do not understand why some spy story should disrupt these important business relations which will be very helpful to Britain ... when it is exiting from the European Union .
`` We are prepared to turn the page and we are prepared to do business with Britain . ''
The interview with Andrei Kelin will be shown on The Andrew Marr Show on BBC One at 09:00 BST on Sunday .

The UK has accused two Russian military intelligence officers of being behind the poisonings but the ambassador indicated Moscow was keen to move on from the incident, saying: "We still do not understand why some spy story should disrupt these important business relations which will be very helpful to Britain... when it is exiting from the European Union.


bbc--2020-07-18--Coronavirus: Are mutations making it more infectious?

The coronavirus that is menacing the world right now is not the same as the coronavirus that first emerged in China .
Sars-Cov-2 , the official name of the virus that causes the disease Covid-19 , and continues to blaze a path of destruction across the globe , is mutating .
But , while scientists have spotted thousands of mutations , or changes to the virus 's genetic material , only one has so far been singled out as possibly altering its behaviour .
The crucial questions about this mutation are : does this make the virus more infectious - @ @ @ @ @ @ @ could it pose a threat to the success of a future vaccine ?
This coronavirus is actually changing very slowly compared with a virus-like flu .
With relatively low levels of natural immunity in the population , no vaccine and few effective treatments , there 's no pressure on it to adapt .
So far , it 's doing a good job of keeping itself in circulation as it is .
The notable mutation - named D614G and situated within the protein making up the virus 's `` spike '' it uses to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ after the initial Wuhan outbreak , probably in Italy .
It is now seen in as many as 97 % of samples around the world .
The question is whether this dominance is the mutation giving the virus some advantage , or whether it 's just by chance .
Viruses do n't have a grand plan .
They mutate constantly and while some changes will help a virus reproduce , some may hinder it .
Others are simply neutral .
They 're a `` by-product of the virus replicating , '' says Dr @ @ @ @ @ @ @ London .
They `` hitch-hike '' on the virus without changing its behaviour .
The mutation that has emerged could have become very widespread just because it happened early in the outbreak and spread - something known as the `` founder effect '' .
This is what Dr van Dorp and her team believe is the likely explanation for the mutation being so common .
But this is increasingly controversial .
A growing number - perhaps the majority - of virologists now believe , as Dr Thushan de Silva , at the University @ @ @ @ @ @ @ enough data to say this version of the virus has a `` selective advantage '' - an evolutionary edge - over the earlier version .
Though there is still not enough evidence to say `` it 's more transmissible '' in people , he says , he 's sure it 's `` not neutral '' .
When studied in laboratory conditions , the mutated virus was better at entering human cells than those without the variation , say professors Hyeryun Choe and Michael Farzan , at Scripps University in Florida .
Changes to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ latch on to human cells seem to allow it to `` stick together better and function more efficiently '' .
But that 's where they drew the line .
Prof Farzan said the spike proteins of these viruses were different in a way that was `` consistent with , but not proving , greater transmissibility '' .
At the Genome Technology Center at New York University , Dr Neville Sanjana , who normally spends his time working on gene-editing technology Crispr .
has gone one step further .
His team edited a virus @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the spike protein and pitted it against a real Sars-CoV-2 virus from the early Wuhan outbreak , without the mutation , in human tissue cells .
The results , he believes , prove the mutated virus is more transmissible than the original version , at least in the lab .
Dr van Dorp points out `` it is unclear '' how representative they are of transmission in real patients .
But Prof Farzan says these `` marked biological differences '' were `` substantial enough to tilt the evidence somewhat '' in favour of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the virus better at spreading .
• BUBBLES : How do they work and who can be in yours ?
• SYMPTOMS : What are they and how to guard against them ?
• FACE MASKS : When should you wear one ?
• TESTING : Who can get a test and how ?
Outside a Petri dish , there is some indirect evidence this mutation makes coronavirus more transmissible in humans .
Two studies have suggested patients with this mutated virus have larger amounts of the virus in their swab samples .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ to others .
They did n't find evidence that those people became sicker or stayed in hospital for longer , though .
In general , being more transmissible does n't mean a virus is more lethal - in fact the opposite is often true .
There 's no evidence this coronavirus has mutated to make patients more or less sick .
But even when it comes to transmissibility , viral load is only an indication of how well the virus is spreading within a single person .
It does n't necessarily explain how @ @ @ @ @ @ @ The `` gold standard '' of research - a controlled trial - has n't yet been carried out .
That might involve , for example , infecting animals with either one or the other variant of the virus to see which spreads more in a population .
One of the studies ' leads , Prof Bette Korber , at Los Alamos National Laboratory in the US , said there was not a consensus , but the idea the mutation increased patients ' viral load was `` getting less controversial as more data accrues @ @ @ @ @ @ @ When it comes to looking at the population as a whole , it 's difficult to observe the virus becoming more ( or less ) infectious .
Its course has been drastically altered by interventions , including lockdowns .
But Prof Korber says the fact the variant now appears to be dominant everywhere , including in China , indicates it may have become better at spreading between people than the original version .
Whenever the two versions were in circulation at the same time , the new variant took over .
In fact @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , it is now the pandemic .
And it has been for some time - perhaps even since the start of the epidemic in places like the UK and the east coast of the US .
So , while evidence is mounting that this mutation is not neutral , it does n't necessarily change how we should think about the virus and its spread .
On a more reassuring note , most of the vaccines in development are based on a different region of the spike so this should not have an impact @ @ @ @ @ @ @ some evidence the new form is just as sensitive to antibodies , which can protect you against an infection once you 've had it - or been vaccinated against it .
But since the science of Covid-19 is so fast-moving , this is something all scientists - wherever they stand on the meaning of the current mutations - will be keen to keep an eye on .
• BRITAIN 'S CANCER CRISIS : How has cancer care been affected by Covid-19 ?
• DIET AND THE IMMUNE SYSTEM How important is a healthy @ @

But even when it comes to transmissibility, viral load is only an indication of how well the virus is spreading within a single person. It doesn't necessarily explain how good it is at infecting others. The "gold standard" of research - a controlled trial - hasn't yet been carried out. That might involve, for example, infecting animals with either one or the other variant of the virus to see which spreads more in a population.


bbc--2020-07-18--Princess Beatrice and Edoardo Mapelli Mozzi release wedding photos

Photographs from Princess Beatrice 's wedding to property tycoon Edoardo Mapelli Mozzi have been released by Buckingham Palace .
Two official pictures were sent out the day after their small ceremony at The Royal Chapel of All Saints in Windsor .
One shows the beaming couple leaving the chapel through its flower-covered archway .
In the other they are outside the entrance with Beatrice 's grandparents , the Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh .
Beatrice 's parents , the Duke and Duchess of York , did not appear in either of the released photos , though the palace confirmed @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
It comes as Prince Andrew continues to keep a low profile following the arrest of his former friend Ghislaine Maxwell for sex trafficking offences , which she denies .
The Queen loaned Beatrice a vintage dress for the occasion , as well as a diamond fringe tiara which the monarch wore on her own wedding day in 1947 .
The newlyweds decided to hold a private ceremony with their parents and siblings after they postponed their wedding in May due to the coronavirus pandemic .
When the national lockdown began on 23 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ under almost all circumstances .
However , since 4 July , ceremonies of up to 30 people have been allowed to take place .
In a statement , the palace said the wedding was held within government guidelines .
It is believed to be the first time the Queen , 94 , and Prince Philip , 99 , have attended a family gathering since lockdown began .
For the ceremony , Beatrice wore a vintage Peau De Soie taffeta dress , in shades of ivory by Norman Hartnell , on loan from the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and encrusted with diamante .
The dress was remodelled and fitted by the Queen 's senior dresser Angela Kelly and designer Stewart Parvin , according to Buckingham Palace .
Beatrice , who is ninth in line to the throne , also wore the Queen Mary diamond fringe tiara loaned to her by her grandmother .
Beatrice , 31 , and Mr Mapelli Mozzi , 35 , had originally planned to marry on 29 May this year at the Chapel Royal , St James Palace , in London .
The new venue of Royal @ @ @ @ @ @ @ short drive from Windsor Castle - is Beatrice 's childhood home .
Her parents still live at the property .
Mr Mapelli Mozzi 's son Wolfie was best man and pageboy .
Beatrice and her husband began dating in autumn 2018 and got engaged last September .
The couple are said to have started a relationship after meeting again at Beatrice 's sister Princess Eugenie 's wedding to Jack Brooksbank .
After Friday 's ceremony , Beatrice 's wedding bouquet was placed on the tomb of the unknown warrior in Westminster Abbey , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ The bouquet was fashioned out of trailing jasmine , pale pink and cream sweet peas , royal porcelain ivory spray roses , pink O'Hara garden roses , pink wax flower , baby pink astilbe and , in keeping with royal tradition , sprigs of myrtle .
The Reverend Canon Anthony Ball laid the bouquet with Toby Wright , the son of the sub-dean of the Chapel Royal , Reverend Paul Wright .

Beatrice's parents, the Duke and Duchess of York, did not appear in either of the released photos, though the palace confirmed her father walked her down the aisle. It comes as Prince Andrew continues to keep a low profile following the arrest of his former friend Ghislaine Maxwell for sex trafficking offences, which she denies.


bbc--2020-07-18--Ekaterina Alexandrovskaya, Australia Olympics skater, dies in Moscow at 20

Ekaterina Alexandrovskaya , who was born in Russia but competed for Australia in figure skating at the Olympics , has died in Moscow at the age of 20 .
The cause of her death on Friday has not yet been disclosed .
Alexandrovskaya retired in February due to injury .
She was granted Australian citizenship to compete at the 2018 Winter Olympics with indigenous Australian pairs skating partner , Harley Windsor .
Windsor , who won the world juniors with her in 2017 , said he was devastated .
`` The amount we had achieved during our partnership is something @ @ @ @ @ @ @ hold close to my heart , '' Windsor wrote on Instagram .
Her coach , Andrei Khekalo , said Alexandrovskaya was diagnosed with epilepsy earlier this year .
`` She was fearless .
She was like a fish in the water , '' he told AFP .
Ian Chesterman , the Australian Olympics team chief in Pyeongchang in 2018 , said : `` Katia ... was a vibrant and talented person and an incredible athlete . ''
Alexandrovskaya broke barriers with Windsor , who became the first indigenous Australian to qualify for the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Moscow to meet Alexandrovskaya , saying : `` The first time we skated together we matched really well . ''
It is the second death of an Australian Winter Olympian in 10 days .
Alex Pullin , a two-time world champion snowboarder and three-time Olympian , drowned while spearfishing last week on Australia 's Gold Coast .

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bbc--2020-07-18--Iran sends black box of Ukrainian plane to France

Iran has sent the black box of a Ukrainian passenger plane which was accidentally downed in Tehran earlier this year to France .
All 176 people on board were killed when the plane was hit by two missiles shortly after take-off on 8 January .
Iran 's deputy foreign minister said the black boxes were taken to Paris on Friday and would be read on Monday .
Iran initially denied responsibility for the incident , which came amid heightened tensions with the US .
But the country admitted fault days later , after Western intelligence officials said evidence pointed to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ International Airlines flight had been mistaken for a cruise missile , in what President Hassan Rouhani described as an `` unforgivable mistake '' .
• What we know about flight PS752 • Plane crash victims 'were the best of us' Iran 's air defences had been on high alert at the time .
Hours before the crash , the country had fired ballistic missiles at two US bases in Iraq in retaliation for the killing of top Iranian general Qasem Soleimani by a US drone strike in Baghdad .
Why is the black @ @ @ @ @ @ @ releasing the black box - which contains key data and communications from the cockpit - amid disagreements with countries whose citizens died over where it should be decoded .
Under global aviation rules , Iran has the right to lead the investigation , but manufacturers are typically involved and experts say few countries are capable of analysing black boxes .
Iran had refused to release the black box to the US , where the plane 's manufacturer Boeing is based .
The recordings will now be analysed by French experts .
Canada , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , and Ukraine have said they will send their own experts to take part in the investigation .
What does Iran say happened ?
Iran has conducted its own investigation into the crash , with a report released last week by the Civil Aviation Organisation of Iran ( CAOI ) blaming `` human error '' and poor military communication for the downing of the plane .
However , Ukraine 's Foreign Minister said it was `` too early '' for such statements and said any conclusions should wait for the international investigation .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ people had been arrested over the incident .
There has been much speculation about why Iran did not clear the skies during the attack .
A recent audio recording obtained by Canada 's CBC News suggests that the airspace remained open to avoid giving away Iran 's intention to attack the US air base in Iraq .
The recording is allegedly a conversation between the family of one of the accident victims and Hassan Rezaeifar , who at the time was leading Iran 's investigation into the incident .
Iran 's Deputy Foreign @ @ @ @ @ @ @ saying it could not be used as evidence .

Iran's air defences had been on high alert at the time. Hours before the crash, the country had fired ballistic missiles at two US bases in Iraq in retaliation for the killing of top Iranian general Qasem Soleimani by a US drone strike in Baghdad.


bbc--2020-07-18--Sheikh Sabah al-Ahmad al-Sabah: Kuwaiti emir hospitalised for medical checks

The crown prince of Kuwait has taken on the role of partial ruler after the country 's emir was hospitalised @ @ @ @ @ , 91 , was admitted for `` routine '' medical tests on Saturday , the @ @ @ @ @ said .
The report added he was in `` good health '' but gave no @ @ @ @ @ and crown prince , 83-year-old Sheikh Nawaf al-Ahmad al-Sabah , will `` temporarily '' take @ @ @ @ @ .
Last summer , the emir was reported to have suffered a health `` setback @ @ @ @ @ The following month , he was hospitalised for medical tests during a visit to the @ @ @ @ @ been credited with shaping the Gulf nation 's foreign policy and spent decades as foreign @ @ @ @ @ 2006 .

The crown prince of Kuwait has taken on the role of partial ruler after the country's emir was hospitalised.


bbc--2020-07-18--The woman forced to flee her country for rapping.

In Iran women are banned from singing solo .
It ’ s because Shia Muslim clerics in the religiously conservative @ @ @ @ @ ’ s singing voice can be erotic .
In the past two years at least @ @ @ @ @ sentenced to prison for singing in public , or publishing their work on social media @ @ @ @ @ left to avoid finds , prison or lashes .
BBC World Service Women Affair ’ @ @ @ @ @ , speaks to Justina , who faced prison for rapping and now lives in exile @ @ @

In Iran women are banned from singing solo.
It’s because Shia Muslim clerics in the religiously conservative country believe that a woman’s singing voice can be erotic.
In the past two years at least a dozen women have been sentenced to prison for singing in public, or publishing their work on social media. Most of them have left to avoid fines, prison or lashes.
BBC World Service Women Affair’s reporter, Faranak Amidi, speaks to Justina, who faced prison for rapping and now lives in exile in Georgia.
Video Journalist: Olivia Le Poidevin, BBC Minute


bbc--2020-07-18--Coronavirus: 'When coffins lined the streets of my hometown'

Guayaquil , Ecuador , found itself in the global spotlight when the city 's health services began to collapse under @ @ @ @ @ and hospitals , morgues and cemeteries became overwhelmed .
The bodies of many victims of @ @ @ @ @ with people burying loved ones in back gardens or leaving coffins on the streets .
@ @ @ @ @ by the authorities - but some are still missing .
Journalist Blanca Moncada has been @ @ @ @ @ answers for families who are still looking for the bodies of their loved ones .
@ @ @ @ @ : BBC World Service - Assignment , The missing bodies of Guayaquil , Missing bodies @ @ @ @ @ Ecuador 's Covid-19 crisis

Guayaquil, Ecuador, found itself in the global spotlight when the city's health services began to collapse under the weight of Covid-19 deaths and hospitals, morgues and cemeteries became overwhelmed.
The bodies of many victims of coronavirus were left uncollected, with people burying loved ones in back gardens or leaving coffins on the streets. Eventually they were picked up by the authorities - but some are still missing.
Journalist Blanca Moncada has been documenting the crisis and wants answers for families who are still looking for the bodies of their loved ones.
Listen to the full story: BBC World Service - Assignment, The missing bodies of Guayaquil, Missing bodies and coffins on the streets- Ecuador's Covid-19 crisis


bbc--2020-07-18--Coronavirus: Women turn street food carts into disinfection units

Dozens of women in Afghanistan who were selling snacks around the capital , Kabul , found themselves jobless when lockdown @ @ @ @ @ they had their solar-powered food carts converted into mobile disinfection units to help tackle the @ @ @ @ @ stories from Newsday

Dozens of women in Afghanistan who were selling snacks around the capital, Kabul, found themselves jobless when lockdown closed their businesses.
So they had their solar-powered food carts converted into mobile disinfection units to help tackle the outbreak.
Video produced by Huong Ly and Trystan Young.
Listen to more stories from Newsday


bbc--2020-07-18--Nantes cathedral fire rescue in pictures

More than 100 firefighters have managed to bring a blaze at a cathedral in the French city of Nantes under @ @ @ @ @ and the grand organ at Saint-Pierre-et-Saint-Paul cathedral were damaged in the fire , which prosecutors @ @ @ @ @ Fortunately , however , the cathedral 's roof was not affected .
The cathedral dates @ @ @ @ @ .
Locals gathered at the scene , where flames could be seen from outside .
@ @ @ @ @ his support for the firefighters who were `` taking all the risks to save the @ @ @ @ @ cathedral has been damaged by fire before , after being struck by bombing in World @ @ @ @ @ , in 1972 , damaged much of its roof .

The cathedral has been damaged by fire before, after being struck by bombing in World War Two.


bbc--2020-07-18--Coronavirus: The slow death of the American all-you-can-eat buffet

A dining experience beloved by generations of hungry Americans is in danger of being spoiled by the coronavirus pandemic .
Buffets - from the humblest hotel breakfasts to the grandest casino banquets - are struggling to stay afloat as new health restrictions come into place and wary diners eschew the self-serve dining tradition .
As many buffets go out of business across the US , others are innovating and trying desperately to keep the business model relevant and appetising .
What is the problem ?
Susan Yin , the owner of Jack 's Fresh in downtown Washington DC , tells @ @ @ @ @ @ @ dropped nearly 90 % after they re-opened two months ago following a two month closure .
Jack 's Fresh , which specialises in Asian food and American sandwiches , is currently making around $ 500 ( £398 ) per day , down from an average of $ 3,500 before the pandemic , she says .
`` No people work in this area , '' says Mrs Yin , referring to the commuters that have mostly been working from home since March .
`` It 's still very quiet . ''
In March , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ FDA ) , which regulates food safety for the federal government , recommended `` discontinuing self-service buffets and salad bars '' until the pandemic subsides .
Officials said this was due to the communal serving utensils which are frequently touched by multiple patrons who may be contagious , as well as the crowds that can form around some items .
The FDA guidelines note that Covid-19 is not thought to be transferred by the food itself , but rather through respiratory droplets from people in close contact .
On top of the federal @ @ @ @ @ @ @ rules restricting buffet service , according to the Wall Street Journal .
Who has been affected ?
US buffet sales made about $ 5bn in 2019 , according to The NPD Group , a market research firm , accounting for only about 1 % of the total restaurant business .
But from salad bars to smorgasbords , buffets have many loyal followers , many of whom are elderly and thus more vulnerable to the virus .
The owners of Souplantation and Sweet Tomatoes - which specialised in healthy foods - announced in May @ @ @ @ @ @ @ closing 97 restaurants , leaving 4,400 employees out of work .
According to The NPD Group , buffet restaurants earned about $ 106m in May 2020 , amounting to roughly one-third of the total from the same month in 2019 .
Buffets across the US have come to a screeching halt , with most choosing to ban customers from serving themselves .
At Jack 's Fresh , where patrons pay for the weight of their food before tucking in , cooks scoop portions into paper boxes for customers .
This method , which @ @ @ @ @ @ @ restaurants , has been referred to as `` cafeteria style '' and not a true buffet by critics .
Mrs Yin says that despite the new precautions , most customers - who are required to wear masks - are now buying made-to-order sandwiches , which were less common than buffet sales before the virus hit .
Despite starting online ordering and undergoing new hygiene precautions , Mrs Yin says there is `` still no business because no people come to the town to work '' .
Most global hotel chains have halted breakfast @ @ @ @ @ @ @ at buffet stations or pushing guests towards room service collected from a drop-off location in the building .
Las Vegas , where the modern American buffet first began almost 80 years ago , has taken a variety of actions to keep putting bibs around necks .
The buffet at the Wynn Casino , which previously featured 15 live cooking stations , was the first on the strip to re-open with servers bringing food to the table for customers just like at a normal restaurant .
Bacchanal Buffet at Caesar 's Palace - which @ @ @ @ @ @ @ is undergoing a $ 2.4m renovation to make more room for social distancing .
Other casinos around the country have permanently shut their buffets , opening full-service restaurants in their place .
What is the history of the buffet ?
Canadian entrepreneur Herb McDonald is credited with launching the first 24-hour all-you-can-eat buffet , called the Buckaroo Buffet , in the 1940s in Las Vegas .
A flyer advertising the restaurant boasts that for only one dollar , a patron can eat `` every possible variety of hot and cold entrees to appease @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
McDonald 's model was quickly replicated up and down Sunset Strip as every hotel and casino strove to offer a buffet to tourists .
The appeal of all-you-can-eat food , with no waiter there to judge your food pairings or quantity , led the Washington Post this month to describe buffets as an `` offer [ of ] public gluttony at an affordable price '' .
But despite the new precautions , most analysts agree it will be quite a long time before Americans can return to the buffet line for seconds @ @ @ @ @ @ @ watching ? )
.

At Jack's Fresh, where patrons pay for the weight of their food before tucking in, cooks scoop portions into paper boxes for customers. This method, which has been adopted by other chain buffet restaurants, has been referred to as "cafeteria style" and not a true buffet by critics.


bbc--2020-07-18--'My Nigerian great-grandfather sold slaves'

Amid the global debate about race relations , colonialism and slavery , some of the Europeans and Americans who made their fortunes in trading human beings have seen their legacies reassessed , their statues toppled and their names removed from public buildings .
Nigerian journalist and novelist Adaobi Tricia Nwaubani writes that one of her ancestors sold slaves , but argues that he should not be judged by today 's standards or values .
My great-grandfather , Nwaubani Ogogo Oriaku , was what I prefer to call a businessman , from the Igbo ethnic group of south-eastern Nigeria .
He @ @ @ @ @ @ @ including tobacco and palm produce .
He also sold human beings .
`` He had agents who captured slaves from different places and brought them to him , '' my father told me .
Nwaubani Ogogo 's slaves were sold through the ports of Calabar and Bonny in the south of what is today known as Nigeria .
People from ethnic groups along the coast , such as the Efik and Ijaw , usually acted as stevedores for the white merchants and as middlemen for Igbo traders like my great-grandfather .
They loaded @ @ @ @ @ @ @ with food and other provisions .
They negotiated prices for slaves from the hinterlands , then collected royalties from both the sellers and buyers .
About 1.5 million Igbo slaves were shipped across the Atlantic Ocean between the 15th and 19th Centuries .
More than 1.5 million Africans were shipped to what was then called the New World - the Americas - through the Calabar port , in the Bight of Bonny , making it one of the largest points of exit during the transatlantic trade .
The only life they knew Nwaubani @ @ @ @ @ @ @ fittest survived and the bravest excelled .
The concept of `` all men are created equal '' was completely alien to traditional religion and law in his society .
It would be unfair to judge a 19th Century man by 21st Century principles .
Assessing the people of Africa 's past by today 's standards would compel us to cast the majority of our heroes as villains , denying us the right to fully celebrate anyone who was not influenced by Western ideology .
Igbo slave traders like my great-grandfather did not suffer @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
They did not need any religious or scientific justifications for their actions .
They were simply living the life into which they were raised .
That was all they knew .
The most popular story I 've heard about my great-grandfather was how he successfully confronted officials of the British colonial government after they seized some of his slaves .
The slaves were being transported by middlemen , along with a consignment of tobacco and palm produce , from Nwaubani Ogogo 's hometown of Umuahia to the coast .
My great-grandfather apparently @ @ @ @ @ @ @ slaves had been seized .
Buying and selling of human beings among the Igbo had been going on long before the Europeans arrived .
People became slaves as punishment for crime , payment for debts , or prisoners of war .
The successful sale of adults was considered an exploit for which a man was hailed by praise singers , akin to exploits in wrestling , war , or in hunting animals like the lion .
Igbo slaves served as domestic servants and labourers .
They were sometimes also sacrificed in religious ceremonies @ @ @ @ @ @ @ attend to them in the next world .
Slavery was so ingrained in the culture that a number of popular Igbo proverbs make reference to it : • Anyone who has no slave is his own slave • A slave who looks on while a fellow slave is tied up and thrown into the grave with his master should realise that the same thing could be done to him someday • It is when the son is being given advice that the slave learns The arrival of European merchants offering guns , mirrors @ @ @ @ @ @ @ in exchange for humans massively increased demand , leading people to kidnap others and sell them .
How slaves were traded in Africa • European buyers tended to remain on the coast • African sellers brought slaves from the interior on foot • Journeys could be as long as 485km ( 300 miles ) • Two captives were typically chained together at the ankle • Columns of captives were tied together by ropes around their necks • 10 % -15 % of captives died on the way The trade in African people continued @ @ @ @ @ @ @ last country in the Western hemisphere to abolish it .
When the British extended their rule to south-eastern Nigeria in the late 19th Century and early 20th Century , they began to enforce abolition through military action .
But by using force rather than persuasion , many local people such as my great-grandfather may not have understood that abolition was about the dignity of humankind and not a mere change in economic policy that affected demand and supply .
`` We think this trade must go on , '' one local king in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
`` That is the verdict of our oracle and our priests .
They say that your country , however great , can never stop a trade ordained by God . ''
As far as my great-grandfather was concerned , he had a bona fide trading licence from the Royal Niger Company , a British company that administered commerce in the region in the last quarter of the 19th Century .
So when his property was seized , an aggrieved Nwaubani Ogogo boldly went to see the colonial officers responsible and presented them @ @ @ @ @ @ @ goods , and his slaves .
`` The white people apologised to him , '' my father said .
Acclaimed Igbo historian Adiele Afigbo described the slave trade in south-eastern Nigeria which lasted until the late 1940s and early 1950s as one of the best kept secrets of the British colonial administration .
While the international trade ended , the local trade continued .
`` The government was aware of the fact that the coastal chiefs and the major coastal traders had continued to buy slaves from the interior , '' wrote Afigbo @ @ @ @ @ @ @ in Southern Nigeria : 1885 to 1950 .
He added that the British tolerated the ongoing trade on political and economic grounds .
They needed the slave-trading chiefs for effective local governance , and for the expansion and growth of legitimate trade .
Sometimes , they also turned a blind eye rather than jeopardise a useful alliance , as seems to have been the case when they returned Nwaubani Ogogo 's slaves .
That incident deified Nwaubani Ogogo among his people .
Here was a man who successfully confronted the white powers from @ @ @ @ @ @ @ from relatives , and have read about it .
It was also the beginning of a relationship of mutual respect with the colonialists that led to Nwaubani Ogogo being appointed a paramount chief by the British administration .
He was the government 's representative to the people in his region , in a system known as indirect rule .
Records from the UK 's National Archives at Kew Gardens show how desperately the British struggled to end the internal trade in slaves for almost the entire duration of the colonial period .
They @ @ @ @ @ @ @ produce .
They introduced English currency to replace the cumbersome brass rods and cowries that merchants needed slaves to carry .
They prosecuted offenders with prison sentences .
`` By the 1930s , the colonial establishment had been worn down , '' wrote Afigbo .
`` As a result , they had come to place their hope for the extirpation of the trade on the corrosive effect over time of education and general civilisation . ''
As a paramount chief , Nwaubani Ogogo collected taxes on behalf of the British and earned a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ He presided over cases in native courts .
He supplied labourers for the construction of rail lines .
He also willingly donated land for missionaries to build churches and schools .
The house where I grew up and where my parents still live sits on a piece of land that has been in my family for over a century .
It was once the site of Nwaubani Ogogo 's guest house , where he hosted visiting British officials .
They sent him envelopes containing snippets of their hair to let him know whenever @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Ogogo died sometime in the early 20th Century .
He left behind dozens of wives and children .
No photographs exist of him but he was said to have been remarkably light-skinned .
In December 2017 , a church in Okaiuga in Abia State of south-eastern Nigeria was celebrating its centenary and invited my family to receive a posthumous award on his behalf .
Their records showed that he had provided an armed escort for the first missionaries in the area .
My great-grandfather was renowned for his business prowess , outstanding boldness @ @ @ @ @ @ @ immense contributions to society , and advancement of Christianity .
The Igbo do not have a culture of erecting monuments to their heroes - otherwise one dedicated to him might have stood somewhere in the Umuahia region today .
`` He was respected by everyone around , '' my father said .
`` Even the white people respected him . ''

More than 1.5 million Africans were shipped to what was then called the New World - the Americas - through the Calabar port, in the Bight of Bonny, making it one of the largest points of exit during the transatlantic trade.


bbc--2020-07-18--Coronavirus face masks: Why men are less likely to wear masks

After much squabbling , Monica* took a drastic decision .
Her husband Eduardo had repeatedly refused to wear a face mask as the Covid-19 pandemic grew in Brazil - the country with the second-highest number of coronavirus deaths , behind only the US .
So she decided to leave the family apartment in Niteroi ( a city of 480,000 people near Rio de Janeiro ) , and move to her parents ' house with their seven-year-old son .
`` I am asthmatic and that makes me particularly vulnerable to the coronavirus .
But my husband thought I was being paranoid @ @ @ @ @ @ @ `` His reasoning was that he did n't need a mask because when he left home he did n't go to enclosed spaces .
`` He was n't thinking that he was putting me and our son at a higher risk . ''
More men die of Covid-19 ... but more of them refuse to wear masks Monica and Eduardo 's story lays bare a gender divide that has been widely observed during the pandemic .
Studies have found that men are more reluctant than women to wear personal protective equipment and face @ @ @ @ @ @ @ previous epidemics .
That 's despite the fact that Covid-19 has infected more than 13.8 million people and killed more than 590,000 according to the widely-used Johns Hopkins University database .
And in the vast majority of countries where data is available , death rates are notably higher among men .
The scientific advice has been shifting in favour of masks as evidence emerges that the coronavirus is airborne - and may spread via tiny particles suspended in the air as well as larger droplets from coughs or sneezes .
• How to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ have attitudes to face masks changed ?
The World Health Organization ( WHO ) , which initially suggested they were n't useful in stopping the spread of the virus , now recommends face coverings in indoor spaces and when social distancing is not possible .
And in a number of countries , masks are now mandatory in shops and on public transport .
So , if masks can help fight the coronavirus , why is it that men are less prone to wear them ?
One of the most recent analyses of male @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , a senior lecturer in Economics at Middlesex University , and Canadian mathematician Hélène Barcelo , from the Mathematical Science Research Institute , Berkeley .
The academics surveyed nearly 2,500 people in the US and found that men were not only less inclined to wear face masks than women .
They also considered that donning a mask was `` shameful , not cool and a sign of weakness '' .
`` This happened particularly in counties where face covering is not mandatory , '' Dr Capraro explains .
Participants were asked about their @ @ @ @ @ @ @ social activities or meeting people from other households .
Women were almost twice as likely as men to say they intended `` to wear a mask outside their home '' .
`` Men are less inclined to wear a face covering , and one of the main reasons is that they are more likely to believe that they will be relatively unaffected by the disease compared to women , '' adds the scientist .
`` This is particularly ironic because official statistics show that actually coronavirus impacts men more seriously than women .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ men are also less compliant towards hand-washing , one of the basic hygiene measures to help prevent the spread of Covid-19 - with one recent poll finding that 65 % of women but only 52 % of men say they are washing their hands regularly .
In the US , political affiliations have also strongly influenced how some men and women are behaving during the pandemic .
Supporters of President Donald Trump 's Republican Party are less likely than Democratic Party supporters to wear masks , according to a number of surveys .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ on 25 June had 76 % of Democrat voters declaring they wear a mask `` all or most of the time in stores and other businesses '' against 53 % of Republicans .
But even in that context , gender seems to be a stronger factor when it comes to defining behaviours : the Kaiser Family Foundation , a US NGO focused on public health issues , found in May that 68 % of Republican-supporting women frequently wore a mask outside the home .
The men ?
Only 49 % said they put @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Gravert , a behavioural scientist and assistant professor at the University of Copenhagen , is n't shocked by the gender divide in mask-wearing .
She cites a large body of academic work showing that men and women seem to approach risk differently .
Dr Gravert says a simple observation in the Danish capital gave her a strong impression that women were being more mindful .
`` Walking trails in Copenhagen were turned into one-way streets ( during the pandemic ) so people would not face each other when running or walking .
`` @ @ @ @ @ @ @ than women went the wrong way . ''
The same divide has also been observed during previous epidemics .
For example , a study of commuter behaviour in Mexico City during the 2009 swine flu outbreak - which killed almost 400 people - showed that a higher proportion of women than men were seen wearing face masks on the metro system .
Even in Asian countries where wearing face masks is a long-established and widely observed social norm , the split persists .
A study of public attitudes during the 2002-03 Sars outbreak @ @ @ @ @ @ @ much more likely to take precautions that included hand-washing and masks .
Or are men more careless ?
Alongside the academic work , real life also seems to provide evidence that men are less careful .
Car insurance providers have historically charged women lower premiums , because men are behind most road traffic accidents worldwide - although there is the caveat that the world has more male than female drivers .
Another curious example is the infamous Darwin Award , which highlights the most absurd ( and avoidable ) deaths .
Data from @ @ @ @ @ @ @ up almost 90 % of the `` winners '' .
Even London-based researcher Valerio Capraro admits he has been lax about wearing a face mask .
`` I only started wearing one a few months ago when I went on a trip to Italy , where the use of face masks is compulsory in a series of situations , '' he says .
`` I was very careful and practised social distance .
That helped me justify to myself why I was n't wearing a mask . ''
Dr Capraro now believes that @ @ @ @ @ @ @ follow the public health advice .
`` Studies have shown that the gender difference almost disappears in places where wearing face coverings is mandatory . ''
Christine Gravert , however , sees more potential in awareness campaigns targeted at the male public .
`` If overconfidence is the problem , then it could help to make men aware of the statistics , and show them that they suffer more from Covid than women , '' she says .
`` If we take it seriously that men on average are less altruistic and more @ @ @ @ @ @ @ on protecting others and more on protecting oneself , '' says Dr Gravert .
But there is also evidence that peer pressure may work - as the story of Eduardo and Monica , the couple divided by a face mask , shows .
After reading her husband the riot act , Monica saw a sea change .
And a happy ending : Eduardo has been wearing a face mask for some time now .
`` I still think my husband believes a healthy guy like him will not get sick , '' she @ @ @ @ @ @ @ conscious now that his good actions will protect his family . ''
* Names have been changed at the request of the interviewees .

Supporters of President Donald Trump's Republican Party are less likely than Democratic Party supporters to wear masks, according to a number of surveys. One released by the Pew Research Center on 25 June had 76% of Democrat voters declaring they wear a mask "all or most of the time in stores and other businesses" against 53% of Republicans.


bbc--2020-07-18--Spain's monarchy shaken by Juan Carlos's hidden Swiss fortune

A former lover 's taped conversations , murky financial dealings splashed across front pages , and a legacy in ruins .
The emergence of shocking allegations of corruption and money laundering against former Spanish King Juan Carlos have cast doubt over the very future of the monarchy , under his son King Felipe .
Juan Carlos seemed set to go down in history as the leader who skilfully guided Spain from dictatorship to democracy after the death of Gen Francisco Franco in 1975 , but the 82 year-old 's private financial activities have prompted two court inquiries in Switzerland and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ After Juan Carlos abdicated in response to rumours about his scandalous personal life in 2014 , King Felipe sought to cut a contrastingly austere figure to that of his larger-than-life father , in a country where the monarchy does not enjoy high levels of support .
But Felipe 's name has also been linked to the luxury lifestyle bankrolled by his father 's offshore millions , prompting calls for reforms and greater accountability .
The king is now under pressure to distance himself from his father .
In 2018 a Swiss prosecutor reacted @ @ @ @ @ @ @ obscure fortune and launched an investigation , questioning the ex-king 's Swiss-based lawyer , financial adviser and other associates , including an ex-lover , Corinna zu Sayn-Wittgenstein .
Prosecutor Yves Bertossa 's ongoing inquiry centres on a $ 100m ( £80m ) gift to Juan Carlos from the king of Saudi Arabia in 2008 , and whether it was in connection with the awarding of a €6.7bn contract for a Spanish consortium to build a high-speed railway from Medina to Mecca three years later .
Mr Bertossa has discovered the existence of two @ @ @ @ @ @ @ accounts .
One is the Panama-based Lucum Foundation , set up to receive the $ 100m gift from the late King Abdullah , and which was liquidated in 2012 , with almost the entire original amount donated to Ms zu Sayn-Wittgenstein , a German-born businesswoman .
Ms zu Sayn-Wittgenstein possesses a contract signed by Juan Carlos demonstrating that the donation was an `` irrevocable gift '' and not a money-laundering scheme , but also says she paid back money loaned to her from Lucum to buy a pair of apartments used by her @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of Villars .
The other fund is Fondation Zagatka , registered in Liechtenstein and whose primary beneficiary is Álvaro de Orleans .
He is a distant cousin of the king who has been questioned by Mr Bertossa over why its account received multi-million payments from overseas business deals while shelling out more than €5m on private jet flights used by Juan Carlos .
Mr de Orleans claims he has helped the king out of a sense of `` family honour '' and that Zagatka 's millions are all his own .
In June @ @ @ @ @ @ @ announced the start of the first ever investigation into Juan Carlos in his own country , to establish whether the former king could be accused of any crimes related to the Saudi money .
The former king remains immune from prosecution for any action committed before his 2014 abdication .
When did it start going wrong for Juan Carlos ?
Hints and rumours of Juan Carlos 's flamboyant lifestyle , alleged extramarital affairs and links to corrupt deal-making were frequent during his reign .
But Spain 's mainstream media and political establishment largely @ @ @ @ @ @ @ April 2012 accident befell the monarch while pursuing one of his passions : hunting .
He was not hunting boar or deer at home but elephants in Botswana , when unemployment in Spain had topped 24 % in the worst recession since Juan Carlos had piloted the country to democracy .
Juan Carlos broke his hip , and when he had to be flown back to Spain the cover on his secret jaunt was blown .
The hunt mishap came shortly after a separate scandal that embroiled the king 's son-in-law , Iñaki @ @ @ @ @ @ @ eventually saw him jailed in 2018 .
A previously pliant media turned against Juan Carlos .
Spaniards were soon informed that their king had been in Botswana with his lover , Ms zu Sayn-Wittgenstein , with the tab paid for by a Saudi magnate .
A series of health problems and persistent rumours regarding his personal life led to the decision to abdicate in favour of King Felipe in June 2014 .
But the worst was yet to come for the newly titled `` emeritus king '' .
In 2018 , online newspaper @ @ @ @ @ @ @ based on taped conversations between Ms zu Sayn-Wittgenstein and José Villarejo , a former police investigator currently in jail .
Unbeknown to Juan Carlos 's ex-lover , Villarejo had a habit of recording his conversations with the rich and powerful .
Speaking to him in her London home in 2015 , Ms zu Sayn-Wittgenstein describes what she alleges to be Juan Carlos 's clumsy efforts to launder money .
She mentions her surprise at suddenly being told she has been gifted a property worth €3m by the king of Morocco , before being @ @ @ @ @ @ @ former Spanish monarch .
`` They say 'she does n't want to give things back ' .
But if I do , it 's money laundering and I´ll go to jail , '' Ms zu Sayn-Wittgenstein can be heard saying on the tape .
She then claimed that members of Spain 's CNI intelligence service had organised a campaign of intimidation to pressure her into co-operating .
`` The king has no concept of what is legal and what is n't , '' Ms zu Sayn-Wittgenstein said .
The tapes led directly to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ at Spain 's National Court .
The Spanish inquiry has since been taken up by the Supreme Court as it is the only judicial institution permitted to probe the former king .
Further damage to the royals While the wheels of justice turn slowly and may never lead to Juan Carlos being placed in the dock , the media floodgates have opened regarding the former monarch 's lavish lifestyle .
Spanish newspaper El País , traditionally a staunch Juan Carlos supporter , revealed how he flew into Switzerland in 2010 to knock on @ @ @ @ @ @ @ hand him a briefcase containing $ 1.9m in cash he said was a gift from the ruler of Bahrain .
Perhaps most damaging for Spain 's monarchy as an institution was the revelation in March that Felipe had been named as a hereditary beneficiary of the Lucum and Zagatka funds , leading the current king to announce that he rejected any economic inheritance Juan Carlos may have prepared for him .
In an unprecedented statement by Spain 's Royal Household , it was also announced that Juan Carlos would no longer be granted @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the official state budget .
Juan Carlos has not been seen in public since .
What might happen next ?
The former king has no immunity in Switzerland , regardless of the date of any possible crimes , so it remains to be seen if Prosecutor Bertossa will lay accusations against him .
Regarding the Spanish Supreme Court inquiry , most experts believe the former king will avoid charges as most of the possible offences took place before his abdication .
Spain 's Congress too has so far voted against a minority of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ hold an investigative commission into the origin of Juan Carlos 's offshore fortune .
But what of King Felipe 's future in a country that polls suggest is split fairly evenly down the middle on remaining a monarchy ?
Three days after the announcement that he was renouncing his father 's wealth , King Felipe spoke on television to address Spaniards under lockdown due to the Covid-19 pandemic , making no mention of the scandals , as a noisy minority of citizens banged pots on balconies in protest at the royal family 's @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Over recent weeks , the Royal Household has refused to comment on any of the revelations concerning what it now refers to as Juan Carlos 's `` private life '' .
But reports of millions of euros being delivered to the royal family 's Zarzuela residence by Juan Carlos and his hired assistants - and the emergence of a new tape in which Ms zu Sayn-Wittgenstein stated that the former king used his wealth to pay for all of his family expenses `` in cash '' - do little to help King Felipe @ @ @ @ @ @ @ father .
Some argue that Felipe needs to take greater steps towards a clean break with the past .
Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez recently admitted that the accusations levelled against Juan Carlos were `` disturbing '' , and that he was in favour of reforming the constitutional concept of absolute immunity for Spain 's head of state .
José Antonio Zarzalejos , a prominent supporter of Spain 's monarchy and former editor of the royalist ABC newspaper , said King Felipe had to take further steps to secure his future on the throne @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of Juan Carlos from Zarzuela palace .
`` Felipe should give a full public explanation to Spanish society and he should also consider a public declaration of income , just as elected politicians do . ''

In June, prosecutors at Spain's Supreme Court announced the start of the first ever investigation into Juan Carlos in his own country, to establish whether the former king could be accused of any crimes related to the Saudi money. The former king remains immune from prosecution for any action committed before his 2014 abdication.