bbc--2020-05-19--Amphan: India and Bangladesh evacuate millions ahead of super cyclone

India and Bangladesh are evacuating millions of people from coastal areas ahead of a super cyclone which is approaching from the Bay of Bengal .
Cyclone Amphan is expected to make landfall in an area near the border of the two countries later on Wednesday .
More than 20 relief teams have already been deployed , and several more are on standby , Indian officials say .
The coronavirus outbreak is making it harder for officials in both countries to evacuate people in these regions .
Amphan is expected to hit the coast with winds gusting up to 185km/h ( @ @ @ @ @ @ @ in Bangladesh fear it will be the most powerful storm since Cyclone Sidr killed about 3,500 people in 2007 .
Most died as a result of sea water surging in .
While the storm 's current wind speed is likely to reduce slightly before it makes landfall , India 's weather department is predicting the surge of water caused could be as high as 10-16 feet ( more than 3-5 metres ) .
The cyclone comes as ten of thousands of migrant workers flee cities for their villages during India 's lockdown to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Bengal and Orissa ( Odisha ) are among the Indian states that are seeing a larger number of them return .
Orissa has now cancelled trains which were due to arrive with thousands of migrants between 18 and 20 May .
• How cyclones get their names And some district officials have barred entry into their areas and requested the state government to accommodate the migrants - many of whom are walking home - elsewhere until the storm passes .
The evacuation is expected to continue into Wednesday morning .
Bangladesh 's disaster @ @ @ @ @ @ @ they plan to evacuate about two million people to safety .
Extra shelters have been prepared to allow for social distancing .
Masks are also being distributed .
State officials in India are also struggling to find shelters for evacuees .
In Orissa , for instance , 250 of the more than 800 existing shelters are being used as coronavirus quarantine centres .
So both states have asked for schools and other buildings in the areas likely to be hit by the super cyclone to be turned into temporary shelters - they need @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to house people while enforcing social distancing norms .
Around 50,000 people have been evacuated from areas near the Sunderban islands in India .
This would be the first super cyclonic storm in the Bay of Bengal since the 1999 super cyclone that hit the Orissa coast and killed more than 9,000 people .
India 's meteorological department has issued a `` yellow alert '' for the region , advising fishermen not to `` venture into the south Bay of Bengal during the next 24 hours , and north Bay of Bengal from @ @ @ @ @ @ @ said the storm is likely to move across the north-west Bay of Bengal and cross West Bengal and Bangladesh coasts from noon local time on 20 May as a `` very severe cyclonic storm '' .
It also warned of rough seas , with storm surges that could inundate coastal areas .
India 's weather department is predicting that the surge of water due to the storm could be as high as 10-16 feet .
How have you been affected by the cyclone ?
Have you been evacuated ?
If it is safe @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , video and experiences by emailing haveyoursay @ bbc.co.uk .
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Both states have asked for schools and other buildings in the areas likely to be hit by the super cyclone to be turned into temporary shelters - they need more than the usual numbers in order to house people while maintaining social distancing.


bbc--2020-05-19--Huge rise in UK unemployment claims

Huge rise in UK unemployment claims

The number of people claiming unemployment benefit in the UK soared to 2.1 million in April , the first full month of the coronavirus lockdown .
The total in April jumped by 856,500 , the Office for National Statistics ( ONS ) said .
Before the lockdown began , employment had hit a record high .
The benefit claimant count does not include everyone who is out of work , since not all can claim assistance , but it does indicate the trend .
In another indication of the bleak employment landscape , the number of job vacancies fell by @ @ @ @ @ @ @ three months to April .
Meanwhile , claims for universal credit - the benefit for working-age people in the UK - hit a record monthly level in the early weeks of lockdown .
But the labour market is set to worsen , according to politicians and analysts , with Therese Coffey , Secretary of State for Work and Pensions , telling the BBC on Tuesday that the unemployment rate was likely `` to increase significantly '' .
According to separate research by the Resolution Foundation , young people are most likely to have @ @ @ @ @ @ @ because of the coronavirus pandemic .
More than one in three 18 to 24-year-olds is earning less than before the outbreak , the research indicated .
It said younger workers risk their pay being affected for years , while older staff may end up involuntarily retired .
Separate ONS figures showed UK unemployment rose by 50,000 to 1.35 million in the three months to March .
The unemployment rate was estimated at 3.9 % , slightly down on the previous quarter , the ONS said .
The jobless figures only cover the first @ @ @ @ @ @ @ expected to worsen sharply in the coming months .
Jagjit Chadha , director of the National Institute of Economic and Social Research , told the BBC : `` We can reasonably expect unemployment to rise very quickly to something over 10 % - something we have n't seen since the early 1990s . ''
Tej Parikh , chief economist at the Institute of Directors , said : `` Even before lockdown , coronavirus was threatening to take the shine off the UK 's sterling jobs record , and initial estimates for April do @ @ @ @ @ @ @ It 's clear that , without the government 's furlough scheme , the picture would have rapidly deteriorated even further . ''
'Losing my job pushed me to set up a business' '' It 's almost been a blessing in disguise .
I was stuck in the same role for a number of years , but now I can work for myself and hopefully secure a better future for my family , '' says Jay Lee .
The 32-year-old from Surrey recently lost his job at a large UK bank as a mortgage @ @ @ @ @ @ @ with fraud investigations .
Jay then decided to take the plunge and set up a business , uAcademy , which offers online courses for aspiring mortgage advisers .
`` It 's something I had been thinking about doing for a year or two , and this gave me a push to do it .
I suddenly had a lot of free time , so I managed to set everything up and create the content in about two weeks . ''
People who are at home on furlough are not counted in the jobless @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of weekly hours worked showed its largest annual decrease in 10 years .
The government 's jobs schemes succeeded in keeping the headline jobs numbers high , and jobless data still quite low up until the end of March .
But there is evidence of the pandemic crisis impact starting to hit in the latest ONS jobs market release .
The number of job vacancies from February to April tumbled by 170,000 to 637,000 - a record quarterly fall .
The claimant count jumped in April , while the average hours worked in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of March .
So the signs of a significant downturn in the normal jobs market are there , but as is the impact of the extraordinary government support package .
Unemployment would have shot through the roof without this support .
However , these numbers will get worse with next month 's figures .
The vacancy drop shows there are fewer jobs out there for those who do lose work .
And there are real concerns as to what happens when the support starts to be phased away in August .
Estimates based @ @ @ @ @ @ @ this fall was mostly caused by the decrease in hours in the last week of March , with a much smaller decrease in the previous week , the ONS said .
In the final week of March , the total number of hours worked was about 25 % fewer than in other weeks within the quarter .
`` The headline employment and unemployment data have registered no impact from Covid-19 because they are three-month averages and the UK only went into lockdown in late March , '' said Samuel Tombs , chief UK @ @ @ @ @ @ @ data on total hours worked , however , show some of the initial virus damage ; hours dropped by 6 % in the penultimate week of March and by a further 16 % in the final week .
Ms Coffey told the BBC 's Today programme that because of the pandemic , many people were coming to the benefits system for the first time .
Claiming for unemployment benefit was `` an important part of the welfare system '' , she said .
She said the virus had caused an `` unprecedented emergency @ @ @ @ @ @ @ we should be prepared for the unemployment rate to increase significantly . ''
Shadow work and pensions secretary Jonathan Reynolds said the figures showed `` the severity of the crisis we are facing '' .
He added : `` Unfortunately , these claimants will now discover the UK has one of the weakest out-of-work safety nets in the developed world .
`` We support the changes the government has made so far during the outbreak , but they do not match the scale of the crisis . ''
• RISK AT WORK : @ @ @ @ @ @ @ THE R NUMBER : What it means and why it matters • LOOK-UP TOOL : How many cases in your area ?
• RECOVERY : How long does it take to get better ?
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He said the "question that occupies" his mind was "what degree of long-term scarring is there on the economy" and that once restrictions begin to be lifted there will be the case of "what do we return to" and on that the "jury's out".


bbc--2020-05-19--Coronavirus: Trump says he is taking unproven drug hydroxychloroquine

US President Donald Trump has said he is taking hydroxychloroquine to ward off coronavirus , despite public health officials warning it may be unsafe .
Speaking at the White House , he told reporters he started taking the malaria and lupus medication recently .
`` I 'm taking it for about a week and a half now and I 'm still here , I 'm still here , '' was his surprise announcement .
There is no evidence hydroxychloroquine can fight coronavirus , and regulators warn the drug may cause heart problems .
What did Trump say ?
The 73-year-old @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the struggling restaurant industry on Monday , when he caught reporters unawares by revealing he was taking the drug .
`` You 'd be surprised at how many people are taking it , especially the frontline workers before you catch it , the frontline workers , many , many are taking it , '' he told reporters .
`` I happen to be taking it . ''
Asked what was his evidence of hydroxychloroquine 's positive benefits , Mr Trump said : `` Here 's my evidence : I get a lot of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ What 's known about anti-malarial drugs and Covid-19 ?
• The unproven 'corona drug ' US is threatening India for • Coronavirus : Where are cases still rising ?
He added : `` I 've heard a lot of good stories [ about hydroxychloroquine ] and if it 's not good , I 'll tell you right I 'm not going to get hurt by it . ''
Though some people in the White House have tested positive for coronavirus , the president said again on Monday he had `` zero symptoms '' @ @ @ @ @ @ @ added that he has been taking a daily zinc supplement and received a single dose of azithromycin , an antibiotic meant to prevent infection .
When asked whether the White House physician had recommended he start taking the disputed remedy , Mr Trump said he himself had requested it .
Dr Sean Conley , physician to the president , said in a statement issued through the White House later on Monday that Mr Trump was in `` very good health '' and `` symptom-free '' .
The US Navy officer added : `` @ @ @ @ @ @ @ regarding the evidence for and against the use of hydroxychloroquine , we concluded the potential benefit from treatment outweighed the relative risks . ''
What have US health officials said ?
The US Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) last month issued an advisory saying that hydroxychloroquine has `` not been shown to be safe and effective '' .
It cited reports that the drug can cause serious heart rhythm problems in Covid-19 patients .
The FDA warned against use of the medication outside hospitals , where the agency has granted temporary @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
Clinical trials of the drug are also under way .
The Centers for Disease Control ( CDC ) says there are no approved drugs or therapeutics to prevent or treat Covid-19 , which is confirmed to have infected more than 1.5 million people in the US , killing over 90,000 patients .
Donald Trump knows how to drive a news cycle .
Going into his meeting with restaurant businesses , there were a lot of threads to the day 's events , including the stock market surging based on positive news about @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of the meeting , all anyone in the media could talk about was Mr Trump 's announcement that he has been taking the anti-malarial drug hydroxychloroquine for more than a week now .
Some of the president 's critics will see this unprompted revelation as a nefarious effort to distract from bad news elsewhere .
Some will see this as another instance of the president stepping on what should have been a good news day .
Or perhaps he was simply unwilling to acknowledge that his past trumpeting of the drug as a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ it was ill-advised .
Whatever the reason , Mr Trump has once again made himself the centre of attention - and there 's no doubt he 's perfectly happy with that .
What else did Trump say ?
Dismissing reports of severe side effects from hydroxychloroquine , the president said : `` All I can tell you is , so far I seem to be OK. '' He said the `` only negative '' he had heard was from a `` very unscientific report '' conducted by `` people that are n't big @ @ @ @ @ @ @ apparently referring to a preliminary study from April of Covid-19 patients in US government-run hospitals for military veterans that suggested hydroxychloroquine had no benefit and may have even caused a greater rate of deaths .
`` I get a lot of tremendously positive news on the hydroxy , '' the president told reporters , adding : `` What do you have to lose ? ''
According to doctors , the drug has the potential to cause symptoms including heart failure , suicidal thoughts and signs of liver disease .
Mr Trump 's most @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of the US House of Representatives , Nancy Pelosi , could not resist taking a dig at his age and weight when asked on CNN about him taking the malaria medication .
`` He 's our president and I would rather he not be taking something that has not been approved by the scientists , especially in his age group and in his , shall we say , weight group - morbidly obese , they say , '' she said .
Last year , the White House physician noted in Mr Trump 's @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ( 110kg ) and was 6ft 3in , which would score his body mass index at a technically obese 30.4 .
• A SIMPLE GUIDE : What are the symptoms ?
• POST-COVID WORLD : Will we ever shake hands again ?
• GLOBAL TAKE : Which country has the most generous bailout ?
• THE LOST SIX WEEKS : Missed chances for US to contain outbreak

The UK government has been stockpiling some medicines that might be useful against coronavirus. That includes 16m hydroxychloroquine tablets. Clinical trials are under way in the UK and the US to assess the drug's worth. The human guinea pigs taking part include frontline healthcare workers at high risk of exposure to the virus, as well as patients.


bbc--2020-05-19--Myanmar police seize largest haul of synthetic drugs

Police in Myanmar have seized South East Asia 's biggest ever haul of synthetic drugs , the scale of which they described as `` off the charts '' .
More than 200m methamphetamine tablets , 500kg of crystal methamphetamine and 300kg of heroin were found in raids in north-east Shan state .
Thirty-three people were arrested in the operations , which were carried out between February and April .
Myanmar is thought to be the largest global source of methamphetamines .
The suspects told police most of the drugs were destined for sale within Myanmar and in neighbouring countries , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ agency told Reuters news agency .
More than 3,700 litres of methylfentanyl , a product used to make powerful opioid fentanyl , was also discovered .
Fentanyl is 50 times stronger than heroin and more than 100 times more potent than morphine , and has fuelled an opioid crisis in the US .
On average , 130 Americans die from an opioid overdose every day , according to the US Center for Disease Control and Prevention .
The changing nature of the drug trade Synthetic drugs are changing the nature of the global @ @ @ @ @ @ @ cheap to produce and - unlike heroin and other traditional drugs - the production does n't rely on seasonal harvests .
Many of the precursor chemicals needed to synthesise drugs like methamphetamine and fentanyl are made in labs in China and India .
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime has linked the rise of synthetic drug production across Asia to sophisticated crime syndicates that source precursor chemicals from labs in China and India .
The syndicates then work with militia in conflict areas in Myanmar to produce large quantities of illicit @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
UNODC South East Asia and Pacific representative Jeremy Douglas said the discovery was a sign of a new trend of synthetic opioid production emerging `` on a scale nobody anticipated '' .
Myanmar is the world 's second largest producer of opium , after Afghanistan .
Its illicit drug trade has flourished because of its mountainous land and porous borders .
It is located in the `` Golden Triangle '' , an area shared with China , Laos and Thailand , known for supplying drugs , a multi-billion dollar trade .
Between @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 14 clandestine drug laboratories were seized in Myanmar .
In 2017 , a Buddhist monk was arrested in Myanmar and linked to more than four million methamphetamine pills hidden in a monastery .

Fentanyl is 50 times stronger than heroin and more than 100 times more potent than morphine, and has fuelled an opioid crisis in the US.


bbc--2020-05-18--FBI: US naval base attack 'motivated by al-Qaeda'

A Saudi Air Force officer who went on a deadly gun rampage at a US naval base in December 2019 worked with al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula ( AQAP ) to plan the attack , US officials say .
The gunman 's phone revealed the terror link , the FBI and Department of Justice said .
The Pensacola , Florida , attack killed three US sailors and injured eight .
Prosecutors criticised Apple for refusing to unlock the gunman 's phones , which authorities took months to hack .
The attack led to the expulsion of 21 Saudi military pupils @ @ @ @ @ @ @ with the attacker .
According to the FBI , the gunman , who was killed by authorities after shooting 11 people , had been radicalised before arriving Florida for a three-year aviation course the US navy hosts for allied foreign servicemen .
Records revealed that he had been in active contact with AQAP , an off-shoot of al-Qaeda based in Yemen , up to the shooting , including talking about plans to carry out a `` special operation '' for them .
The group 's leader , Qasim al-Raymi , was confirmed in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ US operation .
AQAP had released an audio message earlier that month with Raymi 's voice , in which he said the group was behind the naval base shooting .
• Al-Qaeda leader in Yemen killed by US strike FBI Director Christopher Wray said that gunman was `` more than inspired '' by AQAP , sharing tactics and `` co-ordinating '' with the group on plans for attack .
The attack strained US-Saudi relations and led the defence department to pause all international military training in the US until further vetting measures could @ @ @ @ @ @ @ nothing to help' In disclosing details of the terror investigation on Monday , the Trump administration criticised Apple for refusing to help unlock the gunman 's phones , which he had attempted to destroy before he was shot dead following the attack .
Hacking into his two phones four months after the attack diverted attention from other important work and gave conspirators time to evade justice , Mr Wray and Attorney General William Barr said .
`` Apple has made a business and marketing decision to allow only the user to unlock their @ @ @ @ @ @ @ '' said Mr Barr , adding that the company had ignored a personal request from President Donald Trump .
`` Apple 's decision has dangerous consequences for public safety and the national security , and is in my judgement , unacceptable , '' he added , calling on new laws to mandate Apple 's future co-operation .
Mr Wray told reporters that the phones had already yielded valuable intelligence , which led directly to a US counter-terror operation in Yemen .
Apple has denied FBI requests to unlock its iPhone devices in several @ @ @ @ @ @ @ larger concerns over privacy .
Who was the attacker ?
Mohammed Alshamrani had been speaking regularly with a contact with AQAP and was `` certainly more than just inspired '' by the terror group , Mr Wray said when asked if the attacker had been `` directed '' from abroad .
He was frequently `` sharing plans and tactics with them '' , including video he made of the campus , said Mr Wray .
He was `` co-ordinating with them and providing them an opportunity to take credit , '' he said @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 's will after his death .
He was radicalised in 2015 , officials said , and his communications with the terror group `` continued right up until the end , the very night before he started shooting '' .
The expelled Saudi students were found to have had jihadist material and indecent images of children in their possession , investigators have said , but none were accused of aiding the killer .
US Attorney General William Barr vowed that Saudi Arabia would conduct a review to determine if any soldiers should face military @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
The investigation continues .
How have the Saudis responded ?
In a statement on Monday , the Saudi embassy in Washington DC said it `` reiterates its sincerest condolences to the American people '' .
`` Saudi Arabia will continue to use every means at our disposal to counter the men , mindset and money of terrorism that enables AQAP and others to recruit followers and threaten communities , or even entire nations , '' it said .
It added : `` But we will never let the terrorists win , or @ @ @ @ @ @ @ us .
The US-Saudi partnership is one of the primary pillars of the global effort to dismantle and defeat terrorist networks such as AQAP .

The group's leader, Qasim al-Raymi, was confirmed in February to have been killed during a US operation. AQAP had released an audio message earlier that month with Raymi's voice, in which he said the group was behind the naval base shooting.


bbc--2020-05-19--Polish hit song on grieving 'censored', sparking protests

Polish public radio has been accused of censoring an anti-government song that topped the charts and was then removed from the station 's website .
Kazik 's Your Pain is Better than Mine is widely seen as criticising the head of Poland 's ruling nationalist party .
The host of the Trojka chart show has resigned along with two other DJs .
The station director has claimed the chart was fixed , but MPs from the ruling party as well as the opposition have condemned the song 's removal .
The song 's theme is grieving and the lockdown of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ outbreak .
Kazik Staszewski 's song does n't mention Jaroslaw Kaczynski , the head of Law and Justice , by name , but his target is pretty clear , says BBC Warsaw correspondent Adam Easton .
When cemeteries were closed , Mr Kaczynski still visited the Warsaw grave of his mother and the graves of victims of a Russian air disaster in Smolensk in which his twin brother , President Lech Kaczynski , was killed .
By Friday , Kazik 's song had topped Poland 's renowned chart on Radio Three , highlighting @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Poles and another for the ruling party 's leader .
Cemeteries closed as a result of the events of recent weeks , recent events look at the chains , I wipe away my tear , just like you , just like you .
The gate opens , I ca n't believe my eyes .
Perhaps things are different after all .
I run over , your heavies shout stop , because your pain is better than mine .
Why was the song removed ?
Shortly after the chart show was broadcast , internet @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 's hit were disabled on the website of Radio Three , known as Trojka .
The chart is voted on by Trojka listeners and station boss Wojciech Kowalczewski insisted it had been manipulated : `` We already know for sure that this song did not win .
It was manually moved to number one .
In other words , it was fixed for sure , '' he complained .
But a journalist on the chart show , Bartosz Gil , said there was no fix and he accused Mr Kowalczewski of asking the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ something with Kazik '' .
Accusations of censorship came amid a backdrop of Mr Kaczynski 's party being accused of turning Poland 's publicly funded media into mouthpieces for the government .
• Why Poles want more of this man 's populist message • Is pandemic being used for power grab in Europe ?
What reaction has there been ?
Programme host Marek Niedzwiecki , who has been presenting the chart show for more than three decades , resigned along with two other well known DJs .
Journalists demonstrated in silence outside Radio @ @ @ @ @ @ @ said they no longer wanted the station to play their songs , our correspondent reports .
Polish Radio Three began under communism and broadcasts a broad variety of music to a big national audience .
Singer-songwriter Dawid Podsiadlo said Trojka had supported him and his work right from the start , but if politics were more important than music on the station and some of the worst practices from the communist period returned , then he did not think his songs had a home there .
Politicians from both the opposition and ruling @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the song as unjustified censorship .
Deputy Prime Minister Jadwiga Emilewicz said `` artistic freedom should never be fettered in any way , even when the artist has a different opinion '' .
Culture Minister Piotr Glinski said singers sometimes said shocking and stupid things but removing a song was even more shocking .
But Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki complained on his Facebook page that there were more important things to talk about , such as coronavirus and the centenary of the birth of late Pope John Paul II .
`` Let me @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the graves and monuments of the victims of the Smolensk disaster was , is and will be our duty .
Even during the epidemic , '' he wrote .

Cemeteries closed as a result of the events of recent weeks, recent events. I look at the chains, I wipe away my tear, just like you, just like you. The gate opens, I can't believe my eyes. Perhaps things are different after all. I run over, your heavies shout stop, because your pain is better than mine.


bbc--2020-05-18--Coronavirus vaccine: First evidence jab can train immune system

The first hints that a vaccine can train people 's immune system to fight coronavirus have been reported by a company in the US .
Moderna said neutralising antibodies were found in the first eight people who took part in their safety trials .
It also said the immune response was similar to that in people infected with the actual virus .
Larger trials to see whether the jab protects against infection are expected to start in July .
Work on a coronavirus vaccine has been taking place at unprecedented speed , with around 80 groups around the world working @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to test an experimental vaccine , called mRNA-1273 , in people .
The vaccine is a small snippet of the coronavirus 's genetic code , which is injected into the patient .
It is not capable of causing an infection or the symptoms of Covid-19 , but is enough to provoke a response from the immune system .
The vaccine trials , run by the US government 's National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases , showed the vaccine led to the production of antibodies which can neutralise the coronavirus .
However , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ taken place on the first eight , out of 45 , people on the trial .
• A SIMPLE GUIDE : How do I protect myself ?
• IMPACT : What the virus does to the body • RECOVERY : How long does it take ?
• LOCKDOWN : How can we lift restrictions ?
• ENDGAME : How do we get out of this mess ?
The people on the trial were taking either a low , middle or high dose .
The highest dose was linked to most side-effects .
However @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the lowest dose had antibodies at the same levels seen in patients who recover from Covid-19 .
And antibodies `` significantly exceeded '' those in recovered patients for people on the middle dose .
The study is known as a phase 1 trial as it is designed to test whether the vaccine is safe , rather then whether it is effective .
It will take larger trials to see if people are protected against the virus .
However , experiments on mice showed the vaccine could prevent the virus replicating in their lungs @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , while early , demonstrate that vaccination with mRNA-1273 elicits an immune response of the magnitude caused by natural infection , '' said Dr Tal Zaks , chief medical officer at Moderna .
`` These data substantiate our belief that mRNA-1273 has the potential to prevent Covid-19 disease and advance our ability to select a dose for pivotal trials . ''
Moderna said it was hoping to start a large-scale trial in July , and that it was already investigating how to manufacture the vaccine at scale .
A vaccine pioneered by the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ in people , but there are no results from those trials yet .
However , concerns have been raised about the results of experiments in monkeys .
Tests showed vaccinated animals had less severe symptoms and did not get pneumonia .
However , they were not completely protected from the virus and signs of it were detected at the same level in the monkeys ' noses as in unvaccinated animals .
Prof Eleanor Riley , from the University of Edinburgh , said : `` If similar results were obtained in humans , the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ disease in the vaccine recipient but would be unlikely to reduce transmission in the wider community . ''
However , until human trials have been performed it is impossible to know how the vaccine will perform in people .

Tests showed vaccinated animals had less severe symptoms and did not get pneumonia. However, they were not completely protected from the virus and signs of it were detected at the same level in the monkeys' noses as in unvaccinated animals.


bbc--2020-05-19--Coronavirus: Delirium 'may be common' in Covid seriously ill

Delirium and confusion may be common among some seriously-ill hospital patients with Covid-19 , a study in The Lancet suggests .
Long stays in intensive care and being ventilated are thought to increase the risk , the researchers say .
Doctors should look out for depression , anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ) after recovery .
Most patients , particularly those with mild symptoms , will not be affected by mental health problems .
The evidence is based on studies of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome ( Sars ) and Middle-East respiratory syndrome ( Mers ) , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
• What symptoms should I now look out for ?
The researchers , from the UK and Italy , found evidence of confusion and agitation in more than 60 % of intensive care patients with Covid in a small number of studies , mostly from China .
They warned that PTSD could become an issue in some patients , based on the fact that 33 % of survivors of Sars and Mers experienced post-traumatic stress more than two years after they were seriously ill .
There were also frequent reports from these @ @ @ @ @ @ @ problems , fatigue , insomnia and low mood , during their recovery .
But it is still not clear how the current pandemic will affect people 's mental health without more research , the study concludes .
`` Our analysis of more than 3,550 coronavirus cases suggests that most people will not suffer from mental health problems following coronavirus infection '' , says Dr Jonathan Rogers from University College London , who co-led the research .
But he warned that delirium - which can cover everything from patients hallucinating and being agitated to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ patients .
Confusion is not uncommon among patients in intensive care , he said , but it could be hitting older patients , who are already vulnerable , hardest .
And the longer they stay in hospital without any contact with relatives , the worse the confusion can become .
A UK study , not yet peer-reviewed , found that around 20 % of people admitted to hospital with severe Covid-19 had confusion .
`` Monitoring for the development of symptoms should be a routine part of the care we provide , '' @ @ @ @ @ @ @ study , Dr Iris Sommer from the University Medical Centre , Groningen , in the Netherlands , said patients with Covid-19 who needed to be treated in ICU were `` an ultra high-risk group for developing acute psychiatric disorders , especially delirium '' .
Unlike Sars and Mers survivors , she said , they were returning to a society `` in deep economic crisis '' with some countries `` still in lockdown and enforcing physical isolation '' .
She said this would keep stress levels high after recovery and could increase the risk @ @ @ @ @

They warned that PTSD could become an issue in some patients, based on the fact that 33% of survivors of Sars and Mers experienced post-traumatic stress more than two years after they were seriously ill.


bbc--2020-05-19--Coronavirus: Brazil records third-highest Covid-19 infection level

Brazil has become the country with the third-highest number of confirmed coronavirus infections in the world , after registering a total of more than 250,000 cases .
Only the US and Russia have recorded more infections .
Experts say insufficient testing might mean that the real figure in Brazil could be 15 times higher .
The country 's far-right president , Jair Bolsonaro , has dismissed the risks and compared Covid-19 to `` a little flu '' .
His handling of the outbreak - which has included calls for lockdowns imposed by state governors to be lifted - has led @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Minister Nelson Teich last week .
Mr Teich 's predecessor , Luiz Mandetta , was sacked by President Bolsonaro after the two men disagreed over social distancing measures .
But Mr Bolsonaro 's focus on minimising economic disruption has been welcomed by many .
Supporters who have organised anti-lockdown rallies , some of which the president attended .
How bad is the situation in Brazil ?
Brazil now has more than a quarter of a million confirmed cases .
More than 16,000 Covid-19 patients have died , the sixth-highest death toll in the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ largest city , São Paulo , could collapse within two weeks , Mayor Bruno Covas has warned .
The city has a population of about 12 million , and official say show most residents are ignoring social distancing rules .
More than 3,000 people have died with the virus in São Paulo .
But it is not only urban centres that have been badly hit .
Amazonas state had almost 21,000 confirmed cases as of Monday .
Health services in Manaus , the state capital , have been overwhelmed and mass graves are @ @ @ @ @ @ @ How is President Bolsonaro handling the crisis ?
Mr Bolsonaro continues to oppose lockdown measures , arguing that they will wreck the economy .
In March he made a speech calling on mayors and governors to roll back restrictions : `` Our lives have to go on .
Jobs must be kept .
We must get back to normal . ''
The president described the closures of businesses and schools , together with restrictions on public transport , as `` scorched-earth '' policies .
Despite the rapidly rising infection rate , Mr Bolsonaro @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , had nothing to fear from the virus .
`` With my history as an athlete , if I were infected with the virus I would have no reason to worry .
I would feel nothing , or it would be at most just a little flu , '' he said .
• THE R NUMBER : What it means and why it matters • RECOVERY : How long does it take to get better ?
• A SIMPLE GUIDE : What are the symptoms ?
• THE R NUMBER : What it @ @ @ @ @

"With my history as an athlete, if I were infected with the virus I would have no reason to worry. I would feel nothing, or it would be at most just a little flu," he said.


bbc--2020-05-18--Killer Kicks: the secret in your trainers

The trainer industry has tripled in the last 10 years , now accounting for almost half of global footwear sales @ @ @ @ @ phenomenon .
Lynnie , 26 , owns 80 pairs and still wants more .
She @ @ @ @ @ the birthplace of the sneaker scene , and charts its rise from the footwear of @ @ @ @ @ rappers to the defining fashion item of our age and an asset class unto itself @ @ @ @ @ exchange ( StockX ) and with collectors parting with up to $ 560,000 for a @ @ @ @ @ it happen ?
And how can the planet possibly keep up ?
Every pair of @ @ @ @ @ amount of carbon dioxide as a 10 mile drive - and the industry is pumping @ @ @ @ @ a year .
She wants to know why she - and we - just can @ @ @ @ @ .

The trainer industry has tripled in the last 10 years, now accounting for almost half of global footwear sales. They are a fashion phenomenon.
Lynnie, 26, owns 80 pairs and still wants more. She travels to New York, the birthplace of the sneaker scene, and charts its rise from the footwear of basketball players, breakdancers and rappers to the defining fashion item of our age and an asset class unto itself, with its own stock exchange (StockX) and with collectors parting with up to $560,000 for a single pair.
How did it happen? And how can the planet possibly keep up? Every pair of trainers produced emits the same amount of carbon dioxide as a 10 mile drive - and the industry is pumping out over a billion pairs a year. She wants to know why she - and we - just can’t stop buying them.
Watch the full documentary on BBC iPlayer
Produced by Nomia Iqbal
Graphics by Naomi Goddard
Executive Producers Nisha Lilia Diu and Toby Sealey
Filmed by Hannah Livingston, Ben Mann and Andy Brownstone


bbc--2020-05-19--Scott Morrison: How Australia's PM rebuilt his reputation

As Australia exits its virus lockdown , Prime Minister Scott Morrison 's stock is soaring .
It 's exactly one year since he was re-elected .
Online , there are TikToks of teenagers singing his praises .
Shock jocks have apologised for previous criticism .
It 's in stark contrast to how he was viewed during the bushfire crisis , where he took a secret holiday to Hawaii while the nation was on fire .
Mr Morrison 's perceived failures sparked immense public anger .
Citizens swore at him on camera , while firefighters and survivors refused to shake his @ @ @ @ @ @ @ were dying down in late January , Australia found itself sucked into the coronavirus emergency .
Months later , it has come out on top , seen as a world leader in its handling of the virus .
The nation has recorded fewer than 100 deaths and around 7,000 cases .
Only a dozen patients remained in intensive care across the country as of Monday .
The leader 's approval rating stood at 66 % - one of the highest for any Australian prime minister in the past decade .
So how did @ @ @ @ @ @ @ In facing the virus , Mr Morrison sought out expert advice , listened to it and acted on it - despite the cost .
This worked , observers say , and the chief medical officer Dr Brendan Murphy was never far from his side ( or 1.5m at least ) at every major announcement .
It was on his advice that Australia shut its borders to China when the World Health Organization ( WHO ) was saying travel bans were n't needed .
Canberra also called it a pandemic before the official classification @ @ @ @ @ @ @ should listen to the health experts in the middle of a health crisis , '' says Dr Tony Bartone , the president of the Australian Medical Association .
`` But listening to the health experts can create an enormous economic disruption .
And it takes bold and strong leadership to listen fully and listen early . ''
When it became clear local infections were accelerating , Mr Morrison acted quickly - spurred on by the leaders of Australia 's biggest states .
Shortly after case numbers tipped over 1,000 , bars and pubs @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
The economic consequences of shutting up shop would have appeared daunting , but he did n't drag his feet - unlike leaders in the UK and the US , Dr Bartone says .
Instead , he listened to the science - something he was repeatedly accused of ignoring during the bushfires .
But that was a crisis of a different sort , says historian Prof Frank Bongiorno , from the Australian National University .
The PM 's response was compromised by political baggage .
Scott Morrison 's conservative coalition - in power @ @ @ @ @ @ @ long downplayed and even rejected the science of climate change .
Scientists and fire chiefs had warned the government that a particularly harsh fire season was in store .
They say their calls were ignored .
So when the emergency flared up , critics accused the PM of not taking enough action .
They say he was initially reluctant to acknowledge the severity of the environmental disaster , and failed to address the underlying cause .
But with a public health crisis , `` there was n't that kind of baggage '' , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ advanced , well-functioning health system primed to respond to outbreaks such as this one .
`` No-one has accused the Australian government of being hopelessly underprepared for a pandemic , '' he says .
This once-in-a-century health and economic crisis was far better suited to Scott Morrison 's style of leadership , experts say .
The rapid pace of developments allowed room for experimentation , which he embraced .
`` He 's a thoroughly professional politician .
He does n't have a big attachment to any policy position and is prepared to throw @ @ @ @ @ @ @ move on to something else , '' says Prof Bongiorno .
As such , Australians saw its centre-right government - which had for years bemoaned the debt hangover from the global financial crisis - accept that dramatic spending was necessary .
Charged with the economic health of the nation , Mr Morrison funnelled about 10 % of GDP into spending - the biggest public spend on record .
• A SIMPLE GUIDE : How do I protect myself ?
• AVOIDING CONTACT : The rules on self-isolation and exercise • NEW ZEALAND : @ @ @ @ @ @ @ LOCKDOWN DILEMMA : To snitch or not to snitch on rulebreakers Decisions included doubling the unemployment payment , pledging free childcare and introducing a wage subsidy that essentially guaranteeing a minimum income .
While there have been problems within the application of these policies , largely they 've received bipartisan support .
In fact , the $ 130bn ( £70bn ; $ 84bn ) wage subsidy programme - JobKeeper - was proposed by the centre-left Labor opposition during the crisis 's early days - and at first rejected .
Then `` the news @ @ @ @ @ @ @ rethink '' , says politics professor Mark Kenny , a former political editor at the Sydney Morning Herald and The Age newspapers .
Scott Morrison was unafraid to make the U-turn and `` voters welcomed that flexibility rather than punished '' .
The other masterstroke , say observers , was the early move to establish an emergency cabinet with the eight state and territory leaders to make decisions .
Australia is a federation - meaning it 's the state government which control the levers on hospitals , schools , policing , public transport @ @ @ @ @ @ @ message from all tiers of government was an inevitable necessity .
But as new restrictions were rapidly rolled out over March and April , people also welcomed the collaboration that this approach guaranteed .
Indeed , the strongest criticism of Australia 's PM stems from the early weeks of the crisis , when messages from the states contradicted Canberra .
Even after the establishment of the National Cabinet , ongoing disputes over school openings drew bad press .
And crossed wires also led to the biggest failure in Australia 's virus response : @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
In late March , thousands of passengers were allowed to disembark and disperse while there were Covid-19 cases on board .
That spread led to 22 deaths , about 700 cases in Australia and more overseas .
While blame has largely fallen on state officials , Prof Kenny suggests the Morrison-led government is also to blame - particularly as the former immigration minister touted himself as the creator of Australia 's tough `` stop the boats '' immigration policies .
`` However his government failed to stop the one boat that actually @ @ @ @ @ @ @ says .
Despite this , overall , Mr Morrison appears to have learned from his horror summer .
There were initial missteps which evoked the bushfire errors - for example , the perception of hypocrisy as the prime minister encouraged people to go to the football while also announcing a ban on gatherings of above 500 people .
But his clumsy explanations of lockdown restrictions in the first weeks gave way to clearer public speeches .
His blustering , aggressive style also softened as the virus curve rapidly flattened and a largely compliant @ @ @ @ @ @ @ But as Mr Morrison marks his first year as prime minister , observers say the hardest bit is still to come .
The nation may yet need to fend off a feared second wave of cases .
It 's bracing for the virus ' full economic impact .
Recovery is a far trickier path to manoeuvre and future generations may well be saddled with the cost .
Unemployment is expected to hit 10 % , and Australia has been tipped to enter its first recession in nearly 30 years .
He has two @ @ @ @ @ @ @ face the voters again .
Historically , it has been rare for leaders to be re-elected in times of economic strife .
Can the goodwill carry through for Scott Morrison ?

He has two years to go until he has to face the voters again. Historically, it has been rare for leaders to be re-elected in times of economic strife.


bbc--2020-05-19--I'm not going into training to protect my family's health - Watford captain Deeney

Watford captain Troy Deeney says he will not return to training because he fears for his family 's health amid the coronavirus pandemic .
Deeney does not want to put his baby , who has had breathing difficulties , `` in more danger '' and has raised concerns over the increased risk to black , Asian and minority ethnic ( BAME ) players .
`` We 're due back in this week , I 've said I 'm not going in , '' Deeney , 31 , said .
Watford are not due to train on Tuesday and it is @ @ @ @ @ @ @ problem with Deeney 's stance .
In an interview with The Times at the weekend , manager Nigel Pearson expressed his own concerns about the situation and said he would not insist on players reporting for training .
Speaking to Eddie Hearn and Tony Bellew on Talk the Talk YouTube show , Deeney added : `` It only takes one person to get infected within the group and I do n't want to be bringing that home .
`` My son is only five months old , he had breathing difficulties , so @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to put him in more danger . ''
The Office for National Statistics says black men and women are nearly twice as likely to die from coronavirus as white people in England and Wales .
Last Wednesday , Deeney was in a meeting with the Premier League , other team captains and medical experts .
He said : `` My problem was in the meeting , I asked very simple questions .
`` For black , Asian and mixed ethnicities , they 're four times more likely to get the illness , they @ @ @ @ @ @ @ lasting illnesses - is there anything extra , additional screening , heart stuff to see if people have got problems with that ?
No .
OK , well I feel that should be addressed .
`` I ca n't get a haircut until mid-July but I can go and get in a box with 19 people and go and jump for a header and nobody could answer the questions , not because they did n't want to , just because they do n't know the information .
`` So I said if you @ @ @ @ @ @ @ would I put myself at risk ? ''

Troy Deeney has scored six goals in the Premier League this season
Watford captain Troy Deeney says he will not return to training because he fears for his family's health amid the coronavirus pandemic.
Premier League teams are starting non-contact training from Tuesday.
Deeney does not want to put his baby, who has had breathing difficulties, "in more danger" and has raised concerns over the increased risk to black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) players.
"We're due back in this week, I've said I'm not going in," Deeney, 31, said.
Watford were not due to train on Tuesday and it is understood the club do not have a problem with Deeney's stance.
He was speaking before it was revealed one player and two staff at the club had tested positive for coronavirus.
In an interview with the Times at the weekend, manager Nigel Pearson expressed his own concerns about the situation and said he would not insist on players reporting for training.
Speaking to Eddie Hearn and Tony Bellew on Talk the Talk YouTube show, external-link Deeney added: "It only takes one person to get infected within the group and I don't want to be bringing that home.
"My son is only five months old, he had breathing difficulties, so I don't want to come home to put him in more danger."
Some Premier League players return to training
Deeney raises BAME risks
The Office for National Statistics says black men and women are nearly twice as likely to die from coronavirus as white people in England and Wales.
Michael Bennett, the director of player welfare at the Professional Footballers' Association (PFA), says he has been called by players, particularly from the particularly from the BAME group, who are concerned about the risks.
Last Wednesday, Deeney was in a meeting with the Premier League, other team captains and medical experts.
He said: "My problem was in the meeting, I asked very simple questions.
"For black, Asian and mixed ethnicities, they're four times more likely to get the illness, they're twice as likely to have long lasting illnesses - is there anything extra, additional screening, heart stuff to see if people have got problems with that? No. OK, well I feel that should be addressed.
"I can't get a haircut until mid-July but I can go and get in a box with 19 people and go and jump for a header and nobody could answer the questions, not because they didn't want to, just because they don't know the information.
"So I said if you don't know the information, why would I put myself at risk?"
Bennett said: "I'm not sure how significant [the risk] is in that particular area, all we can do is talk to them about that.
"There have been players that have come on to me with concerns about going back because of health issues, and I want to put on record that from a PFA welfare point of view the health and safety of players has to come first before anything else."
Majority of Newcastle players satisfied - Bruce
At Monday's meeting, Premier League clubs agreed to stage one of the return-to-training protocols. As well as training being restricted to groups of no more than five, sessions must last no longer than 75 minutes for each player. Social distancing must be adhered to.
Newcastle United manager Steve Bruce said the league had been "meticulous" over the protocols and "done everything they possibly can to make sure that everything is safe" for the return to training.
Speaking to BBC Radio 4's Today programme, he said: "The vast majority of our squad have seen it and are satisfied. But everybody's personal circumstances are different. You could have a pregnant wife at home or you could have a sick mother-in-law or whatever. We'd have to respect them."


bbc--2020-05-19--Messi, Owen, Drogba and a tale of two Ronaldos - McNulty's top 10 individual displays

Every football fan remembers the great individual displays they have witnessed in the flesh - the memories remain etched forever .
It is the same for those of us who report on the game - so here are 10 of the most memorable individual performances I have witnessed while working for BBC Sport .
As with my previous 10 classic matches , the rules are that I must have been there in person and reported on the game .
So if you want to know why your own favourite is not there , the simple answer may just be I @ @ @ @ @ @ @ be asking you to name your favourite individual performances in a live text on Thursday .
You will be able to get involved via # bbcfootball .
England arrived underneath the sprawling spider 's web roof of Munich 's Olympiastadion as underdogs for this World Cup qualifier .
And it looked as if the tipsters had it right when Carsten Jancker put Germany ahead after only six minutes - but Michael Owen led what became a famous response from Sven-Goran Eriksson 's team .
Owen , already a world-class striker after his early @ @ @ @ @ @ @ quickly with a right-foot finish from Nick Barmby 's knockdown .
Steven Gerrard put England ahead just before half-time then Owen increased the lead after the interval , taking an Emile Heskey header in his stride to beat Oliver Kahn with a shot the great German goalkeeper should have saved .
He completed his hat-trick with another right-foot finish to make it 4-1 after 65 minutes , taking Steven Gerrard 's pass to drill a shot high past Kahn before a celebratory somersault .
Owen 's reputation took on an added layer of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ he won the Ballon d'Or three months later , only the sixth British played to be awarded the accolade .
The performance that won the sport 's greatest prize must be placed in context to understand its true significance .
Brazil 's fifth World Cup final win was not simply about Ronaldo 's two second-half goals amid Yokohama 's space-age architecture - it was a story of redemption .
Ronaldo was one of the great players of his generation but the striker 's career had been blighted by serious injury and the mystery @ @ @ @ @ @ @ France 98 .
He was off , then on the teamsheet for that final , which ended in a 3-0 victory for France , with talk of a seizure then injury as conspiracy theories ran rampant in Paris .
Ronaldo played but was a shadow of his brilliant self , meaning this final in Yokohama represented so much to one of Brazil 's football icons .
He responded by scoring twice in 12 minutes , first pouncing on Germany keeper Kahn 's error after 67 minutes , then placing a precise right-foot finish @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , Ronaldo said : `` The nightmare is over .
I will not detain everyone talking about my suffering over these last years .
God reserved this for me and the Brazil team . ''
The great moments are invariably reserved for goalscorers , goalkeepers and individual pieces of brilliance .
I have absolutely no hesitation , however , in including Ashley Cole 's performance at left-back for England in their Euro 2004 quarter-final against hosts Portugal in Lisbon as one of the great individual performances I have reported on .
Cole was @ @ @ @ @ @ @ what became a magnificent duel in the searing heat and humidity of Lisbon 's famous Stadium of Light .
This was not the fully formed Ronaldo of later years , but he never stopped running at Cole .
The defender never stopped thwarting him .
Cole was also superb in every other aspect and area of the game .
It was , quite simply , a performance of world class .
As good as it gets in that position .
England , almost inevitably , lost on penalties , but such was the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ partner Gary Neville singled him out for sympathy after the game as one player who did not deserve to taste defeat .
He really was that good .
Andrey Arshavin was a mercurial figure , capable of brilliance and anonymity in equal measure - but he was never more productive and efficient than he was on this night at Anfield .
Arsenal 's gifted Russian was the sole reason the Gunners got a point from a one-sided game that dealt a severe blow to Liverpool 's title chances .
Arshavin had four shots @ @ @ @ @ @ @ had eight in total .
Liverpool had 26 shots in total , with 14 on target .
The only Liverpool player not to have an attempt on goal was keeper Pepe Reina .
In terms of end product , it does not get much better than what Arshavin delivered .
He put Arsenal ahead with a close-range finish in front of the Kop , then struck twice after Liverpool went ahead , firing an angled finish past Reina from 20 yards , then pouncing on a defensive error .
Liverpool equalised only for @ @ @ @ @ @ @ finish .
Yossi Benayoun rescued a point for Liverpool - but this was Arshavin 's night .
Cristiano Ronaldo was perhaps the biggest jewel in Manchester United 's crown around this time and on a glorious May night at Emirates Stadium he was peerless .
Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger was buoyant after restricting United to a 1-0 first-leg advantage in the Champions League semi-final and the home fans were optimistic inside Emirates Stadium before the kick-off in glorious evening sunshine .
Ronaldo changed all that inside 11 minutes , crossing for Park Ji-sung @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 40-yard free-kick with his right foot from a wide position , struck with such power from an unusual stance that Arsenal keeper Manuel Almunia was totally deceived by its pace , only moving when it was too late .
All this was topped by one of the great counter-attacking Champions League goals , just after the hour , to send United to the final .
Ronaldo met Nemanja Vidic 's clearance deep inside his own half with a piece of genius , a flick to Park , who then released Wayne Rooney .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ speed , leaving Johan Djourou trailing , and was in the perfect position to steer a right-foot finish high past Almunia .
From start to finish , the move took around 10 seconds .
It was the goal Ronaldo 's performance deserved .
Lionel Messi was edging towards greatness after inheriting Barcelona 's number 10 jersey from Ronaldinho .
The talent that persuades many to argue he is the greatest ever to play the game was unveiled in all its glory near the banks of the Tiber .
Manchester United were trying to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Guardiola was attempting to complete an historic treble , having already won La Liga and the Spanish cup in his first season in charge .
United , in what would prove to be Cristiano Ronaldo 's final game before an £80m move to Real Madrid , threatened to overwhelm Barcelona in a lightning start but Samuel Eto ' o 's ninth-minute goal set the scene for a Messi masterclass .
Messi tortured United with his sublime skill , movement and threat , crowning a virtuoso performance by soaring behind Rio Ferdinand to head @ @ @ @ @ @ @ der Sar in the 70th minute .
A true great doing what true greats do - controlling the biggest games .
It was a privilege to witness .
The words that recall a display from Gareth Bale that confirmed his ascent to superstardom .
Bale scored a hat-trick in a losing cause when Spurs were beaten 4-3 by holders Inter Milan in the Champions League group stage - but he was not to be denied when the Italians came to north London the following month for the return .
The Wales star delivered @ @ @ @ @ @ @ destroyed Inter , and in particular the hapless Maicon , reducing the Brazil defender to a shambolic figure .
Inter coach Rafael Benitez tried employing reinforcements to stop Bale - but they all went the same way as Maicon .
White Hart Lane 's old press box offered a close up view of events .
It was the perfect vantage point to see Bale flying down the wing like a tornado .
He was accompanied by deafening roars every time he received the ball , making goals for Peter Crouch and Roman Pavlyuchenko @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Luis Figo , on Inter 's staff , went across to Harry Redknapp and mouthed : `` Bale is just amazing .
Amazing .
He has killed us twice . ''
And Figo knows a stellar performance when he sees one .
David Silva 's magic was sprinkled all over Manchester United 's worst home defeat since 1955 , as they conceded six at Old Trafford for the first time since 1930 .
It was inflicted by a Manchester City side Sir Alex Ferguson had airily dismissed as the `` noisy neighbours '' @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 's fans had waited for through years of suffering United supremacy .
The Spanish maestro pulled the strings , and it was a pivotal result as Roberto Mancini 's side beat United to the title on goal difference .
There were some stellar City performances , especially from James Milner , but Silva eclipsed them all .
The Spaniard played in Milner to set up Mario Balotelli 's first and his 'Why Always Me ? '
T-shirt celebration .
He then showed remarkable composure and vision inside the area with an audacious reverse @ @ @ @ @ @ @ pave the way for another Balotelli finish .
United simply could not cope with Silva 's brilliance and he was on the scoresheet himself to make it 5-1 , racing clear to nutmeg United keeper David de Gea .
Silva then arguably saved his best for last , cushioning a long-range volleyed pass from well inside his own half with his left foot between Rio Ferdinand and Chris Smalling , leaving Edin Dzeko to streak away and round off the rout .
Chelsea needed something special when they faced Bayern Munich in their @ @ @ @ @ @ @ final .
They went in search of the trophy that owner Roman Abramovich wanted above all others under the interim management of Roberto di Matteo .
But they did so without a suspended trio - captain John Terry , towering defender Branislav Ivanovic and midfielder Raul Meireles .
The odds and logic were all against Chelsea - but who better to turn the whole thing on its head than their great talisman Didier Drogba ?
Four years earlier , Drogba had left the scene of Chelsea 's previous Champions League final in disgrace @ @ @ @ @ @ @ extra time , meaning he was not available to take a penalty in the shootout , which was lost to Manchester United in Moscow .
So here in Munich he was a man on a mission - and how it showed .
Drogba worked tirelessly to lead from the front as under-strength Chelsea fought tooth and nail in front of a partisan crowd on Bayern 's own territory but the task looked even beyond him when Thomas Muller headed the `` home '' side in front with seven minutes left .
He rose @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Juan Mata 's corner in the dying moments of normal time .
Drogba was so involved he even conceded a penalty in extra time , fouling Franck Ribery - only for Petr Cech to save from Arjen Robben .
In the shootout , the decisive kick fell to Drogba , who sent Manuel Neuer the wrong way to win the Champions League .
After the game , Manchester United manager Sir Alex Ferguson remarked : `` As far as I 'm concerned , Didier Drogba won the Champions League for Chelsea . ''
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ announced the striker was leaving the club to join Chinese side Shanghai Shenhua .
Drogba 's legendary status with Chelsea was assured in Munich - and he returned in 2014 to play his part in another title win under Jose Mourinho .
Liverpool 's `` Egyptian King '' reigned supreme when his former club Roma came to Anfield for the first leg of the Champions League semi-final .
Mohamed Salah was in unstoppable mood for most of his first season at Anfield but this was possibly his finest performance in a magnificent campaign @ @ @ @ @ @ @ forcing saves from Roma keeper Alisson ( a team-mate in Italy and now again at Anfield ) before curling a brilliant shot into the top corner to give Liverpool the lead after 35 minutes .
Salah , who had been named PFA player of the year just days earlier , then strode on to Roberto Firmino 's pass on the stroke of half-time to loft a classy finish over Alisson as he came out .
And in this complete performance , Salah not only scored goals , he also dazzled and tormented the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ set up simple finishes for Sadio Mane and Firmino as Liverpool went 4-0 up in an hour .
Salah 's importance was emphasised by how heavily his loss was felt when he had to go off injured after tangling with Real Madrid 's Sergio Ramos in the final in Kiev , which Liverpool lost 3-1 .

Last updated on .From the section Football
Phil McNulty includes Lionel Messi, Cristiano Ronaldo and Didier Drogba among the top individual performances he has seen live
Every football fan remembers the great individual displays they have witnessed in the flesh - the memories remain etched forever.
It is the same for those of us who report on the game - so here are 10 of the most memorable individual performances I have witnessed while working for BBC Sport.
As with my previous 10 classic matches, the rules are that I must have been there in person and reported on the game. So if you want to know why your own favourite is not there, the simple answer may just be I was not present.
BBC Sport will be asking you to name your favourite individual performances in a live text on Thursday. You will be able to get involved via #bbcfootball.
Michael Owen: Germany 1-5 England - Olympiastadion, Munich, 1 September 2001
Michael Owen became the sixth British player to win the Ballon d'Or in 2001
England arrived underneath the sprawling spider's web roof of Munich's Olympiastadion as underdogs for this World Cup qualifier.
And it looked as if the tipsters had it right when Carsten Jancker put Germany ahead after only six minutes - but Michael Owen led what became a famous response from Sven-Goran Eriksson's team.
Owen, already a world-class striker after his early deeds with Liverpool and England, equalised quickly with a right-foot finish from Nick Barmby's knockdown. Steven Gerrard put England ahead just before half-time then Owen increased the lead after the interval, taking an Emile Heskey header in his stride to beat Oliver Kahn with a shot the great German goalkeeper should have saved.
He completed his hat-trick with another right-foot finish to make it 4-1 after 65 minutes, taking Steven Gerrard's pass to drill a shot high past Kahn before a celebratory somersault.
Owen's reputation took on an added layer of greatness - and reached its peak when he won the Ballon d'Or three months later, only the sixth British played to be awarded the accolade.
Ronaldo: Brazil 2-0 Germany - International Stadium, Yokohama, 30 June 2002
Ronaldo scored two goals for Brazil in the their 2002 World Cup final win over Germany
The performance that won the sport's greatest prize must be placed in context to understand its true significance.
Brazil's fifth World Cup final win was not simply about Ronaldo's two second-half goals amid Yokohama's space-age architecture - it was a story of redemption.
Ronaldo was one of the great players of his generation but the striker's career had been blighted by serious injury and the mystery surrounding his absence from the final at France 98.
He was off, then on the teamsheet for that final, which ended in a 3-0 victory for France, with talk of a seizure then injury as conspiracy theories ran rampant in Paris.
Ronaldo played but was a shadow of his brilliant self, meaning this final in Yokohama represented so much to one of Brazil's football icons.
He responded by scoring twice in 12 minutes, first pouncing on Germany keeper Kahn's error after 67 minutes, then placing a precise right-foot finish for his second.
Amid chaotic scenes, Ronaldo said: "The nightmare is over. I will not detain everyone talking about my suffering over these last years. God reserved this for me and the Brazil team."
Ashley Cole: Portugal 2-2 England - Stadium of Light, Lisbon, 24 June 2004
Ashley Cole played 107 times for England
The great moments are invariably reserved for goalscorers, goalkeepers and individual pieces of brilliance.
I have absolutely no hesitation, however, in including Ashley Cole's performance at left-back for England in their Euro 2004 quarter-final against hosts Portugal in Lisbon as one of the great individual performances I have reported on.
Cole was up against the young Cristiano Ronaldo in what became a magnificent duel in the searing heat and humidity of Lisbon's famous Stadium of Light.
This was not the fully formed Ronaldo of later years, but he never stopped running at Cole. The defender never stopped thwarting him. Cole was also superb in every other aspect and area of the game.
It was, quite simply, a performance of world class. As good as it gets in that position.
England, almost inevitably, lost on penalties, but such was the quality of Cole's display his full-back partner Gary Neville singled him out for sympathy after the game as one player who did not deserve to taste defeat. He really was that good.
Andrey Arshavin: Liverpool 4-4 Arsenal - Anfield, 21 April 2009
Andrey Arshavin joined Arsenal from Zenit St Petersburg in February 2009
Andrey Arshavin was a mercurial figure, capable of brilliance and anonymity in equal measure - but he was never more productive and efficient than he was on this night at Anfield.
Arsenal's gifted Russian was the sole reason the Gunners got a point from a one-sided game that dealt a severe blow to Liverpool's title chances.
Let's examine the statistics.
Arshavin had four shots and scored four goals. Arsenal only had eight in total.
Liverpool had 26 shots in total, with 14 on target. The only Liverpool player not to have an attempt on goal was keeper Pepe Reina.
In terms of end product, it does not get much better than what Arshavin delivered.
He put Arsenal ahead with a close-range finish in front of the Kop, then struck twice after Liverpool went ahead, firing an angled finish past Reina from 20 yards, then pouncing on a defensive error.
Liverpool equalised only for Arshavin to race clear for another stunning finish.
Yossi Benayoun rescued a point for Liverpool - but this was Arshavin's night.
Cristiano Ronaldo: Arsenal 1-3 Man Utd - Emirates Stadium, 5 May 2009
Cristiano Ronaldo joined Real Madrid from Manchester United for a then world record £80m in 2009
Cristiano Ronaldo was perhaps the biggest jewel in Manchester United's crown around this time and on a glorious May night at Emirates Stadium he was peerless.
Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger was buoyant after restricting United to a 1-0 first-leg advantage in the Champions League semi-final and the home fans were optimistic inside Emirates Stadium before the kick-off in glorious evening sunshine.
Ronaldo changed all that inside 11 minutes, crossing for Park Ji-sung to score before unleashing a quite astonishing 40-yard free-kick with his right foot from a wide position, struck with such power from an unusual stance that Arsenal keeper Manuel Almunia was totally deceived by its pace, only moving when it was too late.
All this was topped by one of the great counter-attacking Champions League goals, just after the hour, to send United to the final.
Ronaldo met Nemanja Vidic's clearance deep inside his own half with a piece of genius, a flick to Park, who then released Wayne Rooney. The Portuguese then set off at lightning speed, leaving Johan Djourou trailing, and was in the perfect position to steer a right-foot finish high past Almunia.
From start to finish, the move took around 10 seconds. It was the goal Ronaldo's performance deserved.
Lionel Messi: Barcelona 2-0 Man Utd - Stadio Olimpico, Rome, 27 May 2009
Lionel Messi has won the Champions League four times with Barcelona
Lionel Messi was edging towards greatness after inheriting Barcelona's number 10 jersey from Ronaldinho. The talent that persuades many to argue he is the greatest ever to play the game was unveiled in all its glory near the banks of the Tiber.
Manchester United were trying to retain the Champions League, while Pep Guardiola was attempting to complete an historic treble, having already won La Liga and the Spanish cup in his first season in charge.
United, in what would prove to be Cristiano Ronaldo's final game before an £80m move to Real Madrid, threatened to overwhelm Barcelona in a lightning start but Samuel Eto'o's ninth-minute goal set the scene for a Messi masterclass.
Messi tortured United with his sublime skill, movement and threat, crowning a virtuoso performance by soaring behind Rio Ferdinand to head Xavi's delivery back across Edwin van der Sar in the 70th minute.
A true great doing what true greats do - controlling the biggest games. It was a privilege to witness.
Gareth Bale: Tottenham 3-1 Inter Milan - White Hart Lane, 2 November 2010
Gareth Bale joined Real Madrid from Tottenham for £85m in 2013
"Taxi For Maicon."
The words that recall a display from Gareth Bale that confirmed his ascent to superstardom.
Bale scored a hat-trick in a losing cause when Spurs were beaten 4-3 by holders Inter Milan in the Champions League group stage - but he was not to be denied when the Italians came to north London the following month for the return.
The Wales star delivered one of the great performances as he destroyed Inter, and in particular the hapless Maicon, reducing the Brazil defender to a shambolic figure.
Inter coach Rafael Benitez tried employing reinforcements to stop Bale - but they all went the same way as Maicon.
White Hart Lane's old press box offered a close up view of events. It was the perfect vantage point to see Bale flying down the wing like a tornado.
He was accompanied by deafening roars every time he received the ball, making goals for Peter Crouch and Roman Pavlyuchenko.
At the final whistle Portuguese legend Luis Figo, on Inter's staff, went across to Harry Redknapp and mouthed: "Bale is just amazing. Amazing. He has killed us twice."
And Figo knows a stellar performance when he sees one.
David Silva: Man Utd 1-6 Man City - Old Trafford, 23 October 2011
David Silva has made 301 appearances for Manchester City
David Silva's magic was sprinkled all over Manchester United's worst home defeat since 1955, as they conceded six at Old Trafford for the first time since 1930. It was inflicted by a Manchester City side Sir Alex Ferguson had airily dismissed as the "noisy neighbours".
It was a day that City's fans had waited for through years of suffering United supremacy. The Spanish maestro pulled the strings, and it was a pivotal result as Roberto Mancini's side beat United to the title on goal difference.
There were some stellar City performances, especially from James Milner, but Silva eclipsed them all.
The Spaniard played in Milner to set up Mario Balotelli's first and his 'Why Always Me?' T-shirt celebration. He then showed remarkable composure and vision inside the area with an audacious reverse pass to release the midfielder again to pave the way for another Balotelli finish.
United simply could not cope with Silva's brilliance and he was on the scoresheet himself to make it 5-1, racing clear to nutmeg United keeper David de Gea.
Silva then arguably saved his best for last, cushioning a long-range volleyed pass from well inside his own half with his left foot between Rio Ferdinand and Chris Smalling, leaving Edin Dzeko to streak away and round off the rout.
A performance of sheer genius.
Didier Drogba: Bayern Munich 1-1 Chelsea - Allianz Arena, Munich, 19 May 2012
Didier Drogba played in two Champions League finals for Chelsea
Chelsea needed something special when they faced Bayern Munich in their own stadium in the 2012 Champions League final.
They went in search of the trophy that owner Roman Abramovich wanted above all others under the interim management of Roberto di Matteo. But they did so without a suspended quartet - captain John Terry, towering defender Branislav Ivanovic and midfielders Raul Meireles and Ramires.
The odds and logic were all against Chelsea - but who better to turn the whole thing on its head than their great talisman Didier Drogba?
Four years earlier, Drogba had left the scene of Chelsea's previous Champions League final in disgrace after he was sent off late in extra time, meaning he was not available to take a penalty in the shootout, which was lost to Manchester United in Moscow.
So here in Munich he was a man on a mission - and how it showed.
Drogba worked tirelessly to lead from the front as under-strength Chelsea fought tooth and nail in front of a partisan crowd on Bayern's own territory but the task looked even beyond him when Thomas Muller headed the "home" side in front with seven minutes left.
Cometh the hour, cometh Drogba.
He rose to power home a magnificent header from Juan Mata's corner in the dying moments of normal time.
Drogba was so involved he even conceded a penalty in extra time, fouling Franck Ribery - only for Petr Cech to save from Arjen Robben.
In the shootout, the decisive kick fell to Drogba, who sent Manuel Neuer the wrong way to win the Champions League.
After the game, Manchester United manager Sir Alex Ferguson remarked: "As far as I'm concerned, Didier Drogba won the Champions League for Chelsea."
Three days after the final, Chelsea announced the striker was leaving the club to join Chinese side Shanghai Shenhua.
Drogba's legendary status with Chelsea was assured in Munich - and he returned in 2014 to play his part in another title win under Jose Mourinho.
Mohamed Salah: Liverpool 5-2 Roma - Anfield, 24 April 2018
Mohamed Salah joined Liverpool from Roma for £34m in June 2017
Liverpool's "Egyptian King" reigned supreme when his former club Roma came to Anfield for the first leg of the Champions League semi-final.
Mohamed Salah was in unstoppable mood for most of his first season at Anfield but this was possibly his finest performance in a magnificent campaign.
He had already threatened constantly, forcing saves from Roma keeper Alisson (a team-mate in Italy and now again at Anfield) before curling a brilliant shot into the top corner to give Liverpool the lead after 35 minutes.
Salah, who had been named PFA player of the year just days earlier, then strode on to Roberto Firmino's pass on the stroke of half-time to loft a classy finish over Alisson as he came out.
And in this complete performance, Salah not only scored goals, he also dazzled and tormented the left side of Roma's rearguard to set up simple finishes for Sadio Mane and Firmino as Liverpool went 4-0 up in an hour.
Salah's importance was emphasised by how heavily his loss was felt when he had to go off injured after tangling with Real Madrid's Sergio Ramos in the final in Kiev, which Liverpool lost 3-1.


bbc--2020-05-19--No British Grand Prix without quarantine exemptions

Formula 1 says it would be unable to hold a British Grand Prix if personnel are not given exemptions from plans to quarantine international travellers .
The UK government will `` soon '' impose a requirement on all arrivals from abroad to self-isolate for 14 days .
An F1 spokesman said : `` A 14-day quarantine would make it impossible to have a British Grand Prix this year .
`` Additionally , it has a major impact on literally tens of thousands of jobs linked to F1 and supply chains . ''
A spokesman for the Department of Culture , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ exemptions had yet been reached .
F1 has drawn up plans to ensure its races are coronavirus-safe as much as possible .
Teams will be kept apart from each other at the tracks , and stay in separate hotels , to which they will be driven in buses .
In addition , all personnel would be tested before travelling and every two days while at the races .
• Could Vettel 's Ferrari frustration lead to retirement from F1 ?
The spokesman said : `` We would be travelling back to the UK @ @ @ @ @ @ @ would be tested , making a quarantine totally unnecessary .
`` If all elite sport is to return to TV , then exemptions must be provided . ''
The government 's plans also threaten football 's attempts to revive the Champions League this summer .
BBC Sport understands that F1 's plans to start the season with two races in Austria on 5 and 12 July would be able to go ahead , but the British races planned to follow on after that would have to be dropped .
They would be replaced @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the teams returning to the UK for two weeks before travelling again , until the measures were eased by the British government .
F1 's season is on ice as a result of the coronavirus crisis .
Ten races have so far been postponed or cancelled , but F1 chairman Chase Carey has said he is `` increasingly confident '' of being able to stage a season of about 16 races starting in July .
Current plans involve the two races in Austria , then two events at either Silverstone - or Hockenheim @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
After that , there would be a selection of four races from the previously scheduled grands prix in Spain , Hungary , Belgium , Italy , France and the Netherlands , before moving on around the rest of the world .
The plan is to try to fit in either Canada or Singapore if possible , before races in Azerbaijan and Russia and then on to China and Japan .
There would be grands prix in the US , Mexico and Brazil if the coronavirus situation allows , then Vietnam , and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ races in Bahrain on 6 December and Abu Dhabi on 13 December .
However , the number of variables involved means plans remain flexible , although F1 hopes to announce a European season at least in the next two to three weeks .

Last updated on .From the section Formula 1
More than 140,000 fans attend the British Grand Prix
Formula 1 says it would be unable to hold a British Grand Prix if personnel are not given exemptions from plans to quarantine international travellers.
The UK government will "soon" impose a requirement on all arrivals from abroad to self-isolate for 14 days.
An F1 spokesman said: "A 14-day quarantine would make it impossible to have a British Grand Prix this year.
"Additionally, it has a major impact on literally tens of thousands of jobs linked to F1 and supply chains."
A spokesman for the Department of Culture, Media and Sport said no decisions on exemptions had yet been reached.
F1 has drawn up plans to ensure its races are coronavirus-safe as much as possible.
Teams will be kept apart from each other at the tracks, and stay in separate hotels, to which they will be driven in buses. In addition, all personnel would be tested before travelling and every two days while at the races.
The spokesman said: "We would be travelling back to the UK on F1-only occupied aircraft and all staff would be tested, making a quarantine totally unnecessary.
"If all elite sport is to return to TV, then exemptions must be provided."
The government's plans also threaten football's attempts to revive the Champions League this summer.
BBC Sport understands that F1's plans to start the season with two races in Austria on 5 and 12 July would be able to go ahead, but the British races planned to follow on after that would have to be dropped.
They would be replaced by other races in Europe, with the teams returning to the UK for two weeks before travelling again, until the measures were eased by the British government.
F1's season is on ice as a result of the coronavirus crisis. Ten races have so far been postponed or cancelled, but F1 chairman Chase Carey has said he is "increasingly confident" of being able to stage a season of about 16 races starting in July.
Current plans involve the two races in Austria, then two events at either Silverstone or Hockenheim in Germany if the UK proves impossible.
After that, there would be a selection of four races from the previously scheduled grands prix in Spain, Hungary, Belgium, Italy, France and the Netherlands, before moving on around the rest of the world.
The plan is to try to fit in either Canada or Singapore if possible, before races in Azerbaijan and Russia and then on to China and Japan.
There would be grands prix in the US, Mexico and Brazil if the coronavirus situation allows, then Vietnam, and then the season would end with consecutive races in Bahrain on 6 December and Abu Dhabi on 13 December.
However, the number of variables involved means plans remain flexible, although F1 hopes to announce a European season at least in the next two to three weeks.


bbc--2020-05-19--Premier League: Cantona? Keane? Giggs? Pick your Man Utd title-winning XI

Thirteen Premier League titles .
How on earth do you pick a best XI from the most successful club in @ @ @ @ @ That 's what we are asking you to do .
Manchester United have had some @ @ @ @ @ lifted the Premier League trophy but can you pick a combined team from all these @ @ @ @ @ at our selections below ( we are only including players who have played at least @ @ @ @ @ campaign ) and see what you can do .
This week we are asking you @ @ @ @ @ , Manchester United , Manchester City and Chelsea - the only multiple Premier League winners @ @ @ @ @ , with Manchester City and Chelsea still to come , before we ask you to @ @ @ @ @ from each team 's winning selections on Friday .
Your selections will only be counted @ @ @ @ @ and the results will be revealed on Friday .

Last updated on .From the section Premier League
Which Manchester United players make your title-winning XI?
Thirteen Premier League titles. How on earth do you pick a best XI from the most successful club in the competition's history?
That's what we asked you to do.
Manchester United have had some truly great players who have lifted the Premier League trophy but can you pick a combined team from all these successes?
Have a look at our selections below (we are only including players who have played at least 10 times in one title-winning campaign) and see what you can do.
We asked you to pick XIs for Arsenal, Manchester United, Manchester City and Chelsea - the only multiple Premier League winners.
It was Arsenal on Monday, with Manchester City and Chelsea still to come, before we asked you to choose an ultimate combined XI from each team's winning selections on Friday.
Here is the Man Utd team you selected the most.
Your Man Utd XI
Your selections will only be counted until 20:00 BST on Tuesday and the results will be revealed on Friday, but you can still pick your Arsenal team below for fun.


bbc--2020-05-19--Quiz: How well do you know the cricket world rankings?

England or India ?
Steve Smith or Virat Kohli ?
Pat Cummins or Jasprit Bumrah ?
How well do you @ @ @ @ @ rankings ?
It 's time to put your knowledge to the test .
We start @ @ @ @ @ the top 10 countries in Tests , one-day internationals and Twenty20s , before moving on @ @ @ @ @ , bowlers and all-rounders in each format .
Do n't worry , we 'll give @ @ @ @ @ at each question .
There are 75 points on offer .
How many can you @ @ @ @ @ and share your results using # bbccricket on social media .
Want to try some @ @ @ @ @ these : • What do you remember about the cricketing year so far ?
• @ @ @ @ @ Test wickets can you name ?
• How well do you remember the County Championship @ @ @ @

Last updated on .From the section Cricket
England or India? Steve Smith or Virat Kohli? Pat Cummins or Jasprit Bumrah?
How well do you know the International Cricket Council rankings? It's time to put your knowledge to the test.
We start by asking you to order the top 10 countries in Tests, one-day internationals and Twenty20s, before moving on to the leading five batsmen, bowlers and all-rounders in each format.
Don't worry, we'll give you more than one attempt at each question.
There are 75 points on offer. How many can you get? Have a go and share your results using #bbccricket on social media.
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Want to try some more cricket quizzes? Try these:


bbc--2020-05-19--Does chloroquine work against coronavirus?

US President Donald Trump has said he 's taking the anti-malarial drug hydroxychloroquine as a preventative measure against Covid-19 , although scientists have warned about side effects .
Studies are underway to examine if hydroxychloroquine ( and a similar drug chloroquine ) are effective against the coronavirus .
We 've looked at what we know so far about these drugs .
Who 's raised concerns about using them ?
The World Health Organization has said it 's concerned by reports of individuals self-medicating and causing themselves serious harm .
These safety concerns have been echoed by a former top US @ @ @ @ @ @ @ who was removed from his post in April leading the government 's vaccine development efforts , says President Trump 's focus on these drugs has been `` extremely distracting to dozens of federal scientists '' .
And the US Food and Drugs Administration , which granted emergency approval for using them in certain settings only , has also warned about possible side effects .
Is there evidence they might treat Covid-19 ?
President Trump has previously referred to the potential of hydroxychloroquine in White House briefings .
At a press conference in April @ @ @ @ @ @ @ you have to lose ?
Take it . ''
And Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro claimed in a video that `` hydroxychloroquine is working in all places '' , although that was subsequently removed by Facebook for breaching its misinformation guidelines .
The publicity given to these drugs led to a global surge in demand for them .
• 'Ousted ' vaccine expert says US is facing its 'darkest winter' Following Mr Trump 's comments in late March , there was a sharp increase reported in prescriptions in the US for both chloroquine and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ been used in the treatment of malaria to reduce fever and inflammation , and the hope is that they can also work against the virus that causes Covid-19 .
There are ongoing trials in various countries on using the drugs to prevent the illness .
As part of these studies , frontline workers who are highly exposed to the virus are taking it as a prophylactic .
Other studies are looking into whether it can help patients who already have Covid-19 .
In the US , various trials are under way for a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and an antibiotic called azithromycin , for treating Covid-19 patients .
But so far , there is insufficient evidence from these trials as to their effective use in either prevention or in treatment .
`` We need larger , high-quality randomised clinical trials in order to better evaluate their effectiveness , '' says University of Oxford 's Kome Gbinigie , author of a report on anti-malarial testing for Covid-19 .
There are also risks of serious side effects , including renal and liver damage .
Which countries authorised their use ?
In late @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Administration ( FDA ) has granted `` emergency use '' authorisation for these drugs in the treatment of Covid-19 for a limited number of hospitalised cases .
The FDA is not saying they definitely work .
But it does mean that in specific circumstances , hospitals can request and use the medicines from government stockpiles for use in Covid-19 treatment .
But on 24 April , the FDA also issued a warning about the dangers of using the substances because of reports of heart rhythm problems in patients .
Other countries are also @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
France has authorised doctors to prescribe them for patients with Covid-19 , but the country 's medical watchdog has also warned of side effects .
India 's health ministry recommended the use of hydroxychloroquine as a preventative treatment for healthcare workers , as well as households in contact with confirmed cases if they have a prescription from a doctor .
However , India 's government research body has warned against the unrestricted usage of the anti-malarial drug and said it was `` experimental '' and only for emergency situations .
Several Middle @ @ @ @ @ @ @ are conducting trials .
• EASY STEPS : How to keep safe • A SIMPLE GUIDE : What are the symptoms ?
• CONTAINMENT : What it means to self-isolate • HEALTH MYTHS : The fake advice you should ignore • MAPS AND CHARTS : Visual guide to the outbreak Is there enough chloroquine available ?
As interest in these drugs has grown as a potential treatment for Covid-19 , many countries have seen high demand and shortages .
Chloroquine and its derivatives have long been widely available in pharmacies , particularly in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ malaria .
This is despite their declining efficacy against malaria , as the disease has become increasingly resistant .
A number of countries restricted sales so that chloroquine was only available on prescription or in hospitals .
India - a major producer of these anti-malarial drugs - at one point stopped exports .
But it lifted the ban after President Trump made a personal plea to India 's Prime Minister , Narendra Modi .
In Nigeria , households still regularly use tablets containing chloroquine for treating malaria , even though it was banned @ @ @ @ @ @ @ its declining effectiveness .
But news of its possible use against Covid-19 led to growing demand , and the Nigerian Centres for Disease Control told people to stop taking it .

There's been some hope that hydroxychloroquine could be effective if used early on when a person gets the virus, before there's a need for them to be hospitalised.