iowaclimatescienceeducation--2020-03-25--Independent Researcher Finds Solar Schwabe Cycle Signal: Reoccurring Weather Patterns Every 10 Years

The sun has left its signature in data from numerous weather stations , thus challenging meteorologists and climate researchers who falsely claim the sun plays only a minor role .
In the 11-year sunspot cycle ( Schwabe cycle ) , the sun generates a start impulse in the sunspot maximum year .
Triggered by this start impulse , recurring weather patterns are found in each cycle for about 10 years beginning with the sunspot maximum .
There is a detection of the solar signal if the beginning of the solar cycle is set a5t the year of the sunspot maximum @ @ @ @ @ @ @ kalte Sonne blog here .
Using climate data from numerous German weather stations , I have verified a solar imprint .
An example is the monthly precipitation amount in Feldberg in the Black Forest , see Figure 1 .
Figure 1 : Feldberg/Black Forest .
Plot of August to October precipitation amount vs sunspot cycle .
Image : Laurenz The precipitation curves run in a saw tooth pattern .
They change annually between an upper and lower level .
In phases , all curves run parallel .
This parallelism is obviously due to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the sunspot maximum .
At times , the curves run in opposite directions , maintaining the up and down trend .
This curve could also be influenced by the sun , with delay times varying from year to year and from cycle to cycle .
The solar pattern of Feldberg vs rainfall amount in late summer/autumn is detectable at most weather stations along the Rhine River up to the North Sea Islands and Great Britain .
According to previous evaluations , globally solar signals are more likely to appear in the mid-latitudes and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ signals are by no means always as clear as in the Black Forest .
Often they are only detectable in one to three years of the solar cycle , and during one , two or three months of the year .
Solar signals are also found in temperature and sunshine duration data , but not as clearly and frequently as in precipitation data .
In the future , a trend forecast going out several years will be possible , but only for periods that have parallel curves .
This will be explained using @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Iowa , as an example , see Figure 2 : Figure 2 : May to August precipitation amount vs sunspot cycle .
Des Moines , Iowa .
Chart : Laurenz In Des Moines , the solar signal only becomes visible in cycle years 8 and 9 .
A trend forecast for 2020 is very uncertain and not possible .
In the summer of 2021 ( cycle year 8 ) above-average rainfall is expected , in summer 2022 below average .
This “ precipitation swing ” is directly related to the ENSO dynamics in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ The Quasi Biennial Oscillation ( QBO ) generates saw tooth curves in many weather trends The QBO is a “ wind stream ” located 20 to 40 kilometres above the equator .
In it , the wind direction changes about every 2 years , from west-east to east-west .
The time of the wind direction change in the QBO is driven by the sun , see Figure 3 .
During the sunspot maximum year , the QBO ’ s wind direction at 20 to 25 kilometers altitude , i.e .
in the zone @ @ @ @ @ @ @ in each cycle .
Figure 3 : QBO vs solar cycle in May , at approx .
25 kilometers above the equator .
Chart : Laurenz As with the precipitation data from Feldberg in Figure 1 , the QBO index curves bounce up and down between an upper and lower level .
During the first five years of the solar cycle the curves with data from 20 to 25 kilometers altitude run in sync in almost all months of the year , obviously triggered by the sun ’ s drive in the year @ @ @ @ @ @ @ year 6 onward , phase shifts cause non-synchronized saw tooth curves .
The course of the current cycle curve ( red dotted line ) deviates in cycle years 3 and 4 from the trend of previous cycles .
It is possible that the solar signal in sunspot maximum year of 2014 was not strong enough to align the wind direction in the QBO in the same direction for several years as in the previous stronger sun cycles due to an extremely low sun spot count .
The jagged wind direction pattern of the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to tropospheric wind currents with the procession of high and low pressure areas that influence our weather .
Solar signals from the stratosphere to the Pacific The solar signal can be detected in all zones of the atmosphere and at the ocean surface .
The temperature profile in the stratosphere is shown in Figure 4 .
There is a strong correlation between the number of sunspots and the temperature level of the respective cycle .
In the first two cycles ( red ) volcanic effects are to be assumed .
The solar signal @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of the equatorial Pacific or in the Multivariate ENSO Index ( MEI ) , see Figure 5 .
Figure 5 : Solar cycle and MEI , 1957 to 2019 , in 6 two-month periods .
Chart : Laurenz .
The mean value curves of the 4 solar cycles follow a systematic trend .
In each of the 4 cycles the strongest El Nino event is in cycle year no .
9 , the strongest La Nina event in year 10 .
In the 11-year solar cycle ( Schwabe Cycle ) the sun generates @ @ @ @ @ @ @ year .
Triggered by this start impulse , the data show recurring weather patterns in each sunspot cycle for about 10 years beginning at the sunspot maximum .
The solar signal is detectable if the beginning of the solar cycle is taken to be at the year of the sunspot maximum .
Using this , the signals of the Schwabe Cycle from the stratosphere , oceans and the weather trends can be detected without gaps .
Solar amplifiers such as UV/ozone dynamics and the interaction between solar activity , cosmic rays and cloud @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a long time .
What is new is the extent to which this amplification impact the weather trends .

Dr. Ludger Laurenz
The sun has left its signature in data from numerous weather stations, thus challenging meteorologists and climate researchers who falsely claim the sun plays only a minor role.
Image: NASA Earth Observatory (public domain).
In the 11-year sunspot cycle (Schwabe cycle), the sun generates a start impulse in the sunspot maximum year. Triggered by this start impulse, recurring weather patterns are found in each cycle for about 10 years beginning with the sunspot maximum.
There is a detection of the solar signal if the beginning of the solar cycle is set a5t the year of the sunspot maximum.
I reported on this at Die kalte Sonne blog here. Using climate data from numerous German weather stations, I have verified a solar imprint. An example is the monthly precipitation amount in Feldberg in the Black Forest, see Figure 1.
Figure 1: Feldberg/Black Forest. Plot of August to October precipitation amount vs sunspot cycle. Image: Laurenz
The precipitation curves run in a saw tooth pattern. They change annually between an upper and lower level. In phases, all curves run parallel. This parallelism is obviously due to a solar impetus in the year of the sunspot maximum. At times, the curves run in opposite directions, maintaining the up and down trend. This curve could also be influenced by the sun, with delay times varying from year to year and from cycle to cycle. The solar pattern of Feldberg vs rainfall amount in late summer/autumn is detectable at most weather stations along the Rhine River up to the North Sea Islands and Great Britain.
According to previous evaluations, globally solar signals are more likely to appear in the mid-latitudes and less so in the tropics. The signals are by no means always as clear as in the Black Forest. Often they are only detectable in one to three years of the solar cycle, and during one, two or three months of the year. Solar signals are also found in temperature and sunshine duration data, but not as clearly and frequently as in precipitation data.
In the future, a trend forecast going out several years will be possible, but only for periods that have parallel curves. This will be explained using the precipitation data from Des Moines, Iowa, as an example, see Figure 2:
Figure 2: May to August precipitation amount vs sunspot cycle. Des Moines, Iowa. Chart: Laurenz
In Des Moines, the solar signal only becomes visible in cycle years 8 and 9. A trend forecast for 2020 is very uncertain and not possible. In the summer of 2021 (cycle year 8) above-average rainfall is expected, in summer 2022 below average. This “precipitation swing” is directly related to the ENSO dynamics in the Pacific, see Figure 5.
The Quasi Biennial Oscillation (QBO) generates saw tooth curves in many weather trends
The QBO is a “wind stream” located 20 to 40 kilometres above the equator. In it, the wind direction changes about every 2 years, from west-east to east-west. The time of the wind direction change in the QBO is driven by the sun, see Figure 3. During the sunspot maximum year, the QBO’s wind direction at 20 to 25 kilometers altitude, i.e. in the zone of highest ozone concentration, is east-west in each cycle.
Figure 3: QBO vs solar cycle in May, at approx. 25 kilometers above the equator. Chart: Laurenz
As with the precipitation data from Feldberg in Figure 1, the QBO index curves bounce up and down between an upper and lower level. During the first five years of the solar cycle the curves with data from 20 to 25 kilometers altitude run in sync in almost all months of the year, obviously triggered by the sun’s drive in the year of the spot maximum. From cycle year 6 onward, phase shifts cause non-synchronized saw tooth curves.
The course of the current cycle curve (red dotted line) deviates in cycle years 3 and 4 from the trend of previous cycles. It is possible that the solar signal in sunspot maximum year of 2014 was not strong enough to align the wind direction in the QBO in the same direction for several years as in the previous stronger sun cycles due to an extremely low sun spot count.
The jagged wind direction pattern of the QBO shown in Figure 3 is transferred to tropospheric wind currents with the procession of high and low pressure areas that influence our weather.
Solar signals from the stratosphere to the Pacific
The solar signal can be detected in all zones of the atmosphere and at the ocean surface. The temperature profile in the stratosphere is shown in Figure 4.
Figure 4: Solar cycle and temperature anomaly, stratosphere, 17 kilometers altitude. Chart: Laurenz
There is a strong correlation between the number of sunspots and the temperature level of the respective cycle. In the first two cycles (red) volcanic effects are to be assumed.
The solar signal is also visible in the temperature trend of the equatorial Pacific or in the Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI), see Figure 5.
Figure 5: Solar cycle and MEI, 1957 to 2019, in 6 two-month periods. Chart: Laurenz.
The mean value curves of the 4 solar cycles follow a systematic trend. In each of the 4 cycles the strongest El Nino event is in cycle year no. 9, the strongest La Nina event in year 10.
Summary
In the 11-year solar cycle (Schwabe Cycle) the sun generates a start impulse in the sunspot maximum year. Triggered by this start impulse, the data show recurring weather patterns in each sunspot cycle for about 10 years beginning at the sunspot maximum. The solar signal is detectable if the beginning of the solar cycle is taken to be at the year of the sunspot maximum.
Using this, the signals of the Schwabe Cycle from the stratosphere, oceans and the weather trends can be detected without gaps. Solar amplifiers such as UV/ozone dynamics and the interaction between solar activity, cosmic rays and cloud formation have been understood and known for a long time. What is new is the extent to which this amplification impact the weather trends.
via NoTricksZone
https://ift.tt/2y8V5rn
March 25, 2020 at 11:20AM


iowaclimatescienceeducation--2020-03-26--Winter sea ice maximum extent on March 5 was the highest since 2013

Posted on March 24 , 2020 | Winter sea ice maximum extent on March 5 was the highest since 2013 The most positive thing that US National Snow and Ice Data Center sea ice experts could say about this year ’ s winter sea ice maximum was that it wasn ’ t a record breaker .
But it provides ample polar bear habitat when the bears need it most : just before the critical spring feeding season .
In fact , they said : “ The 2020 maximum sea ice extent is the eleventh lowest in the 42-year satellite record @ @ @ @ @ @ @ All that winter ice is essential polar bear habitat just before the critical spring feeding season ( Crockford 2019 , 2020 ) and it ’ s one of the reasons that polar bears are thriving .
The table included in this year ’ s maximum sea ice report was a list of the ten lowest years since 1979 and 2020 wasn ’ t on it .
The winter max extent for 2020 was 15.05 mkm2 .
The report also noted that , “ for the Arctic maximum , which typically occurs in March @ @ @ @ @ @ @ kilometers ( 13,000 square miles ) , meaning that extents within this range must be considered effectively equal ” and made special pains to point out that “ maximum extent is not predictive of minimum extent “ .
In other words , don ’ t get your hopes up that ample sea ice this winter will mean abundant sea ice at the end of summer .
NSIDC Masie graphs for 5 March below , by region starting with the Northern Hemisphere : The Baltic Sea and Sea of Okotsk ( below ) are @ @ @ @ @ @ @ bears don ’ t live there , so the lower than usual ice levels in those regions this winter have had no impact on available polar bear habitat .
NSIDC Masie ice chart for 5 March 2020 puts the total ice extent at 15.1 mkm2 : Crockford , S.J .
2019 .
The Polar Bear Catastrophe That Never Happened .
Global Warming Policy Foundation , London .
Available in paperback and ebook formats .
Crockford , S.J .
2020 .
State of the Polar Bear Report 2019 .
Global Warming Policy Foundation Report @ @ @ @ @ @ @

From Polar Bear Science
Posted on March 24, 2020 | Winter sea ice maximum extent on March 5 was the highest since 2013
The most positive thing that US National Snow and Ice Data Center sea ice experts could say about this year’s winter sea ice maximum was that it wasn’t a record breaker. But it provides ample polar bear habitat when the bears need it most: just before the critical spring feeding season.
In fact, they said: “The 2020 maximum sea ice extent is the eleventh lowest in the 42-year satellite record, but the highest since 2013.” All that winter ice is essential polar bear habitat just before the critical spring feeding season (Crockford 2019, 2020) and it’s one of the reasons that polar bears are thriving.
The table included in this year’s maximum sea ice report was a list of the ten lowest years since 1979 and 2020 wasn’t on it. The winter max extent for 2020 was 15.05 mkm2.
The report also noted that, “for the Arctic maximum, which typically occurs in March, the uncertainty range is ~34,000 square kilometers (13,000 square miles), meaning that extents within this range must be considered effectively equal” and made special pains to point out that “maximum extent is not predictive of minimum extent“.
In other words, don’t get your hopes up that ample sea ice this winter will mean abundant sea ice at the end of summer.
NSIDC Masie graphs for 5 March below, by region starting with the Northern Hemisphere:
The Baltic Sea and Sea of Okotsk (below) are included in the Arctic total but polar bears don’t live there, so the lower than usual ice levels in those regions this winter have had no impact on available polar bear habitat.
NSIDC Masie ice chart for 5 March 2020 puts the total ice extent at 15.1 mkm2:
References
Crockford, S.J. 2019. The Polar Bear Catastrophe That Never Happened. Global Warming Policy Foundation, London. Available in paperback and ebook formats.
Crockford, S.J. 2020. State of the Polar Bear Report 2019. Global Warming Policy Foundation Report 39, London. pdf here.


iowaclimatescienceeducation--2020-03-26--350+ COVID-19 Test Cases: Hydroxychloroquine ‘Tremendous Positive Results’, ‘Potent Efficacy’, No Ho

350+ COVID-19 Test Cases: Hydroxychloroquine ‘Tremendous Positive Results’, ‘Potent Efficacy’, No Hospitalizations

According to two just-published studies in medical journals and one anecdotal report from a COVID-19 hotspot , at least 350 patients with the COVID-19 have been successfully treated with Hydroxychloroquine .
A New York City physician reports a 100 % efficacy rate , meaning zero of the “ hundreds ” of infected patients receiving the treatment required hospitalization .
For those who do ultimately recover , the duration of the recovery period from the COVID-19 viral infection is 20 days on average .
A clinical trial reported in a new study ( Gautret et al.
, 2020 ) with a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Hydroxychlorine and Azithromycin treatment led to a “ reduction/disappearance ” of COVID-19 infection in 3-6 days for 100 % of the patients receiving treatment .
Another new study ( Gao et al.
, 2020 ) from February tested more than 100 patients infected with COVID-19 in China .
The results revealed a “ marked efficacy and acceptable safety ” or “ potent efficacy in treating patients with COVID-19 ” with Chloroquine in clinical trials .
Although not an official “ clinical trial ” , Dr. Vladimir Zelenko has conducted an anecdotal study of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ he ’ s treated with Hydrochloroquine in the early , “ pre-hospital ” stage of infection just within the last week .
He estimates there are 20,000 cases in the region he serves .
Of those who he has administered the treatment for use in their own home , 100 % have successfully avoided viral symptom exacerbation necessitating hospitalization .
Due to the “ tremendous positive results ” , Dr. Zelenko created a YouTube video recommending widespread usage of Hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19 infection .

According to two just-published studies in medical journals and one anecdotal report from a COVID-19 hotspot, at least 350 patients with the COVID-19 have been successfully treated with Hydroxychloroquine. A New York City physician reports a 100% efficacy rate, meaning zero of the “hundreds” of infected patients receiving the treatment required hospitalization.
Image Source: YouTube
For those who do ultimately recover, the duration of the recovery period from the COVID-19 viral infection is 20 days on average.
A clinical trial reported in a new study (Gautret et al., 2020) with a small sample size (36) shows Hydroxychlorine and Azithromycin treatment led to a “reduction/disappearance” of COVID-19 infection in 3-6 days for 100% of the patients receiving treatment.
Another new study (Gao et al., 2020) from February tested more than 100 patients infected with COVID-19 in China.
The results revealed a “marked efficacy and acceptable safety” or “potent efficacy in treating patients with COVID-19” with Chloroquine in clinical trials.
Although not an official “clinical trial”, Dr. Vladimir Zelenko has conducted an anecdotal study of “hundreds” of the COVID-19-infected patients he’s treated with Hydrochloroquine in the early, “pre-hospital” stage of infection just within the last week. He estimates there are 20,000 cases in the region he serves.
Of those who he has administered the treatment for use in their own home, 100% have successfully avoided viral symptom exacerbation necessitating hospitalization.
Due to the “tremendous positive results”, Dr. Zelenko created a YouTube video recommending widespread usage of Hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19 infection.
via NoTricksZone
https://ift.tt/2vOUbzm
March 26, 2020 at 03:50AM


iowaclimatescienceeducation--2020-03-26--WHO SAYS PARIS AGREEMENT IS NON-BINDING?

For example , we now see proof that the retrenchment embodied by the current “ coronavirus economy ” could become legally mandated , with no recovery permitted but only worsening , in the name of climate change .
While extreme , this is actually unfolding , and the United States ignores the warnings at its peril .
In February , the United Kingdom ’ s Court of Appeal blocked construction of a third runway at London ’ s Heathrow Airport .
While additional runways seem quaint amid travel lockdowns , the longer view reminds us that infrastructure expansion is vital @ @ @ @ @ @ @ for president , vowing massive infrastructure programs that , this ruling confirms , are irreconcilable with their climate promises like the Green New Deal and rejoining the Paris climate treaty .
The Heathrow opinion has caused political and economic upheaval , and ecstasy among “ green ” campaigners .
That is because the decision in Spurrier et al .
v. Secretary of State for Transport requires any airport expansion , and apparently any major infrastructure project going forward , comply with the 2015 Paris agreement .
As only the most recent judicial intervention @ @ @ @ @ @ @ legal obligations , this is also a very timely reminder for the United States .
President Obama agreed to Paris and submitted a ratification instrument on behalf of the U.S in September 2016 , claiming it was not a treaty requiring Senate advice and consent .
“ Non-binding !
” was a key talking point in support .
This claim , deficient in too many ways to recount here , is now overtaken by events .
Although the U.K. court also cited the U.K. ’ s own Climate Change Act and European Union @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , the judges ruled that the failure to account for the U.K. ’ s promised emission reductions under Paris was “ legally fatal.
” Any expansion plan must satisfy both domestic law and the U.K. ’ s Paris agreement promise to reduce carbon dioxide emissions .
Get used to hearing this .
The lesson for President Trump is clear : Just because an international agreement doesn ’ t purport to be “ binding ” doesn ’ t mean you don ’ t have to comply with it .
In 2018 , in Urgenda @ @ @ @ @ @ @ The Hague Court of Appeals also turned these ostensibly hortatory climate promises and declarations into enforceable obligations .
That court ordered the Dutch emission-reduction laws match years of governmental rhetoric manifested in supposedly aspirational climate pacts , asserting that parties to these agreements have assumed a “ duty of care.
” Cheap environmental virtue can be costly .
Certainly , activist state attorneys general intend to sue .
As The Wall Street Journal ’ s Kim Strassel wrote in 2017 , one of us “ unearthed a legal memo from the New York @ @ @ @ @ @ @ out a strategy to get courts to force C02 cuts under international treaties.
” Already , federal judges have lined up to block proposed and even permitted projects , such as the Keystone XL Pipeline , citing to the National Environmental Policy Act ( NEPA ) and a failure to consider a project ’ s contribution to cumulative climate impacts .
Under Paris , the United States vowed massive emission reductions and promised deeper cuts , every five years , in perpetuity .
In a June 2017 Rose Garden speech , Mr. Trump @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , citing U.S. sovereignty and “ serious legal and constitutional concerns , ” among others .
Critics pounced .
Why bother , they keened , with seemingly disproportionate and self-contradicting fury , it ’ s not even binding !
Well .
Editorialists harrumphed that , by leaving Paris , Mr. Trump would also leave the United States as the only nation not signed up .
Why , even China and India agreed .
But , not really .
Like most countries , China and India did not promise emission reductions under Paris .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ 320 airports in the next decade .
The Maldives , self-styled poster child for the horrors of man-made global warming , is opening four more airports this year alone .
That is four more than the U.K. likely will be able to build , under the Court of Appeals ’ Heathrow opinion .
It is also four more than the United States should expect , should it rejoin Paris , which it might .
To judge by its terms , level of detail and commitment , and U.S. custom and practice , Paris @ @ @ @ @ @ @ than declare Paris to be a treaty and transmit it to the Senate for a ratification vote , Mr. Trump is withdrawing pursuant to Paris ’ terms .
His November 2019 withdrawal notice takes effect Nov. 4 , 2020 , by chance the day after the U.S. elections .
Unfortunately , dignifying this “ pen and a phone ” approach leaves the door wide open for the United States to rejoin Paris under a President Biden or Sanders , who both promise to do so immediately upon taking office .
It is unlikely @ @ @ @ @ @ @ more durable withdrawal options , and the Senate showed repeatedly under President Obama it has no appetite to fight even to protect its own constitutional prerogatives .
As such , the Heathrow opinion putting the lie to the “ non-binding ” talking point should serve as a clear warning to the United States about the Paris agreement .
With such a clear distinction between Mr. Trump and his Democratic challengers , and with proof now that a “ coronavirus economy ” could be legally mandated , it is critical the United States have @ @ @ @ @ @ @ agreement and the larger climate policy agenda .

By Chris Horner and Benny Peiser
For example, we now see proof that the retrenchment embodied by the current “coronavirus economy” could become legally mandated, with no recovery permitted but only worsening, in the name of climate change. While extreme, this is actually unfolding, and the United States ignores the warnings at its peril.
In February, the United Kingdom’s Court of Appeal blocked construction of a third runway at London’s Heathrow Airport. While additional runways seem quaint amid travel lockdowns, the longer view reminds us that infrastructure expansion is vital to economic growth. Ask any candidate for president, vowing massive infrastructure programs that, this ruling confirms, are irreconcilable with their climate promises like the Green New Deal and rejoining the Paris climate treaty.
The Heathrow opinion has caused political and economic upheaval, and ecstasy among “green” campaigners. That is because the decision in Spurrier et al. v. Secretary of State for Transport requires any airport expansion, and apparently any major infrastructure project going forward, comply with the 2015 Paris agreement.
As only the most recent judicial intervention leveraging purportedly “non-binding” commitments into legal obligations, this is also a very timely reminder for the United States.
President Obama agreed to Paris and submitted a ratification instrument on behalf of the U.S in September 2016, claiming it was not a treaty requiring Senate advice and consent. “Non-binding!” was a key talking point in support.
This claim, deficient in too many ways to recount here, is now overtaken by events.
Although the U.K. court also cited the U.K.’s own Climate Change Act and European Union Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) Directive, the judges ruled that the failure to account for the U.K.’s promised emission reductions under Paris was “legally fatal.” Any expansion plan must satisfy both domestic law and the U.K.’s Paris agreement promise to reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
Get used to hearing this. The lesson for President Trump is clear: Just because an international agreement doesn’t purport to be “binding” doesn’t mean you don’t have to comply with it.
In 2018, in Urgenda Foundation v. State of the Netherlands, The Hague Court of Appeals also turned these ostensibly hortatory climate promises and declarations into enforceable obligations. That court ordered the Dutch emission-reduction laws match years of governmental rhetoric manifested in supposedly aspirational climate pacts, asserting that parties to these agreements have assumed a “duty of care.”
Cheap environmental virtue can be costly. Certainly, activist state attorneys general intend to sue. As The Wall Street Journal’s Kim Strassel wrote in 2017, one of us “unearthed a legal memo from the New York attorney general’s office that laid out a strategy to get courts to force C02 cuts under international treaties.”
Already, federal judges have lined up to block proposed and even permitted projects, such as the Keystone XL Pipeline, citing to the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and a failure to consider a project’s contribution to cumulative climate impacts. Under Paris, the United States vowed massive emission reductions and promised deeper cuts, every five years, in perpetuity.
In a June 2017 Rose Garden speech, Mr. Trump announced his intention to withdraw from Paris, citing U.S. sovereignty and “serious legal and constitutional concerns,” among others. Critics pounced. Why bother, they keened, with seemingly disproportionate and self-contradicting fury, it’s not even binding! Well.
Editorialists harrumphed that, by leaving Paris, Mr. Trump would also leave the United States as the only nation not signed up. Why, even China and India agreed.
But, not really. Like most countries, China and India did not promise emission reductions under Paris. Between them, they plan to build 320 airports in the next decade. The Maldives, self-styled poster child for the horrors of man-made global warming, is opening four more airports this year alone.
That is four more than the U.K. likely will be able to build, under the Court of Appeals’ Heathrow opinion. It is also four more than the United States should expect, should it rejoin Paris, which it might.
To judge by its terms, level of detail and commitment, and U.S. custom and practice, Paris is a treaty. Nonetheless, rather than declare Paris to be a treaty and transmit it to the Senate for a ratification vote, Mr. Trump is withdrawing pursuant to Paris’ terms. His November 2019 withdrawal notice takes effect Nov. 4, 2020, by chance the day after the U.S. elections.
Unfortunately, dignifying this “pen and a phone” approach leaves the door wide open for the United States to rejoin Paris under a President Biden or Sanders, who both promise to do so immediately upon taking office.
It is unlikely the president will change course and pursue more durable withdrawal options, and the Senate showed repeatedly under President Obama it has no appetite to fight even to protect its own constitutional prerogatives. As such, the Heathrow opinion putting the lie to the “non-binding” talking point should serve as a clear warning to the United States about the Paris agreement.
With such a clear distinction between Mr. Trump and his Democratic challengers, and with proof now that a “coronavirus economy” could be legally mandated, it is critical the United States have an actual debate about the Paris climate agreement and the larger climate policy agenda.


iowaclimatescienceeducation--2020-03-26--Holiday From Hell: Government Squanders Taxpayer’s Money On Wind Turbine Theme Park

If travelling to the back blocks to hug a busted 50m wind turbine blade ’ s your thing , has @ @ @ @ @ holiday for you !
!
With the streets of the normally bustling metropolis of Sydney @ @ @ @ @ to the Coronavirus lockdown ) , the NSW government has decided that bringing the tourist @ @ @ @ @ ]

If travelling to the back blocks to hug a busted 50m wind turbine blade’s your thing, has the NSW government got the holiday for you!! With the streets of the normally bustling metropolis of Sydney bereft of life (thanks to the Coronavirus lockdown), the NSW government has decided that bringing the tourist trade back to […]
via STOP THESE THINGS
https://ift.tt/2UhP1W7
March 26, 2020 at 01:30AM