npr--2020-10-08--Trump Was Treated With Steroids: How These Drugs Are Used For COVID-19 Patients

Trump Was Treated With Steroids : How These Drugs Are Used For COVID-19 Patients Editor 's note : Since we published this story , Trump 's physician said that the president has completed his treatment for COVID-19 .
President Trump told Fox Business Network on Thursday that he will be taking a steroid for COVID-19 for a `` little bit longer . ''
As his physicians told reporters last weekend , Trump started taking the drug on Saturday while he was still at the Walter Reed National Military Medical Center .
The steroid , dexamethasone , is now part of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ COVID-19 , said Dr. Celine Gounder , assistant professor of medicine and infectious diseases at New York University School of Medicine .
`` It 's an old drug , it 's cheap , '' she said .
`` Of all the drugs we 're using for COVID , it 's the one that we have the most experience with . ''
Dexamethasone is an anti-inflammatory drug used for a range of ailments , including arthritis , kidney , blood and thyroid disorders and severe allergies .
The drug is on the World Health @ @ @ @ @ @ @ is also used to treat certain types of cancer .
Earlier this year , a large clinical trial in the U.K. found that giving dexamethasone to patients hospitalized with COVID-19 reduced their risk of dying .
Patients were given 6 milligrams of the drug for 10 days .
The study , published in The New England Journal of Medicine in July , found the drug cut mortality by a third among severely ill COVID-19 patients who were on ventilators , and by a fifth for patients receiving supplemental oxygen .
It was found @ @ @ @ @ @ @ with mild illness , and there was some evidence of potential harm .
Later in the course of the disease , COVID-19 can cause the immune system to go into overdrive , damaging the lungs and other organs .
That 's what can happen to people who are severely ill. Dexamethasone helps these patients by tamping down the body 's immune response .
The Infectious Diseases Society of America now recommends giving 6 milligrams of the drug for 10 days to critically ill COVID-19 patients on ventilators and those requiring oxygen support .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ on people with mild illness who do not require supplemental oxygen .
While this commonly used drug is generally safe , there are a range of known side effects .
`` By far , the most common is hyperglycemia , so that 's where your blood sugars will shoot up , '' Gounder said .
Also quite common , especially among older patients are a range of psychiatric side effects , she added .
`` Anything from feeling like you 're on top of the world ... your arthritic aches and pains of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ lots of energy , '' she said .
`` There may be some grandiosity . ''
The drug can also cause agitation , insomnia and even , psychosis , Gounder said .
`` My own father was treated with high-dose steroids as part of his lymphoma regimen and developed acute psychosis requiring psychiatric hospitalization . ''
All these side effects point to the need to monitor people on these drugs carefully , she added .
If the president 's doctors had prescribed him the recommended course of treatment , Trump would have finished @ @ @ @ @ @ @ On Thursday evening , White House physician Dr. Sean Conley said Trump has completed his COVID-19 treatment .

Trump Was Treated With Steroids: How These Drugs Are Used For COVID-19 Patients
Enlarge this image toggle caption Nati Harnik/AP Nati Harnik/AP
Editor's note: Since we published this story, Trump's physician said that the president has completed his treatment for COVID-19.
President Trump told Fox Business Network on Thursday that he will be taking a steroid for COVID-19 for a "little bit longer." As his physicians told reporters last weekend, Trump started taking the drug on Saturday while he was still at the Walter Reed National Military Medical Center.
The steroid, dexamethasone, is now part of the "standard of care" for COVID-19, said Dr. Celine Gounder, assistant professor of medicine and infectious diseases at New York University School of Medicine.
"It's an old drug, it's cheap," she said. "Of all the drugs we're using for COVID, it's the one that we have the most experience with."
Dexamethasone is an anti-inflammatory drug used for a range of ailments, including arthritis, kidney, blood and thyroid disorders and severe allergies. The drug is on the World Health Organization's list of essential medicines and is also used to treat certain types of cancer.
Earlier this year, a large clinical trial in the U.K. found that giving dexamethasone to patients hospitalized with COVID-19 reduced their risk of dying. Patients were given 6 milligrams of the drug for 10 days.
The study, published in The New England Journal of Medicine in July, found the drug cut mortality by a third among severely ill COVID-19 patients who were on ventilators, and by a fifth for patients receiving supplemental oxygen. It was found not to have any benefits for patients with mild illness, and there was some evidence of potential harm.
Later in the course of the disease, COVID-19 can cause the immune system to go into overdrive, damaging the lungs and other organs. That's what can happen to people who are severely ill. Dexamethasone helps these patients by tamping down the body's immune response.
The Infectious Diseases Society of America now recommends giving 6 milligrams of the drug for 10 days to critically ill COVID-19 patients on ventilators and those requiring oxygen support. But it recommends not using the drug on people with mild illness who do not require supplemental oxygen.
While this commonly used drug is generally safe, there are a range of known side effects. "By far, the most common is hyperglycemia, so that's where your blood sugars will shoot up," Gounder said.
Also quite common, especially among older patients are a range of psychiatric side effects, she added.
"Anything from feeling like you're on top of the world ... your arthritic aches and pains of age just melt away, you have lots of energy," she said. "There may be some grandiosity."
The drug can also cause agitation, insomnia and even, psychosis, Gounder said. "My own father was treated with high-dose steroids as part of his lymphoma regimen and developed acute psychosis requiring psychiatric hospitalization."
All these side effects point to the need to monitor people on these drugs carefully, she added.
If the president's doctors had prescribed him the recommended course of treatment, Trump would have finished the steroid therapy early next week. On Thursday evening, White House physician Dr. Sean Conley said Trump has completed his COVID-19 treatment.


npr--2020-10-08--Good News Story: Nigerian Irish Teen Girls Win Prize For Dementia App

An award-winning app that can help patients with dementia will launch later this month in app stores .
But unlike most apps — made by professional software developers in a male-dominated tech industry — this one was created by three teenage girls .
The Nigerian-Irish teens are the champions of Technovation Girls , an international competition that challenges young women to develop an app that can solve a problem in their community .
The annual competition is hosted by Technovation , a nonprofit organization that empowers girls to become leaders in tech .
The girls were guided by project mentor @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the founder of Phase Innovate , an organization that trains and mentors underrepresented minorities and women in tech .
Nomayo told them about her mother , who experienced dementia , and that inspired the teens , who live in Drogheda , Ireland , to create an app that could help with the disorder .
The 12-week challenge resulted in Memory Haven , which beat out more than 1,500 submissions from 62 countries .
Memory Haven can be used by both patients and caregivers .
Its six features target three problems faced by those @ @ @ @ @ @ @ with recognition and speech .
A reminder feature , for example , alerts both the patient and caregiver that it 's time for medication , while photo albums allow users to flip through tagged photos identifying who is in the image .
NPR zoomed with the creators of Memory Haven last week to learn about their app , the challenges they 've faced as women in tech and what international victory felt like .
Spoiler alert : You 're going to want to see their victory lap .
( This conversation has been @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Tell me about the woman who inspired this app .
Evelyn Nomayo : My mom started having dementia problems three to four years ago .
The first time I realized something was wrong was when she started hallucinating .
She lived in America , but she 'd be imagining that she was in Nigeria .
One time [ when I was visiting her ] I gave her something to sew , and I could see the pain in her eyes because she forgot how to .
She used to be a seamstress , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
So some of my experiences that I had with her , the team translated into technology to help others .
She passed away earlier this year .
How can Memory Haven help people with dementia ?
Rachael Akano , 16 : Our app has six features : photo albums , music , outreach , face and voice recognition , memory games and reminders .
The memory game allows [ a user ] to put their cognitive ability to the test while promoting memory retention in a fun way and improving focus and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ feature makes it easy for users to identify their friends and family .
Then research suggests that musical memories are the least affected by dementia , so we created a music feature for personal playlists .
What was everyone 's role on the team ?
Rachael : And I was the financial manager .
Joy Njekwe , 17 : I was the sales manager , but we all worked on everything really .
And Evelyn—what inspired you to mentor this team ?
Evelyn : I 'm currently doing a Ph.D. [ in computer @ @ @ @ @ @ @ process , I found that most of the time , I was either the only girl in class or the only black person or person of color .
Whether I 'm working or being educated , it 's so obvious that there 's a shortage of women in this space .
So I just felt it : There was a need to bring more girls and people of color into that space .
What prejudices have you faced as a women or persons of color in tech ?
Evelyn : The way my @ @ @ @ @ @ @ my intelligence : `` Can she do this ?
Can she not do that ? ''
Rachael : I think the most negative reaction we received was when the Irish Times announced that we made it to the finals [ on Twitter ] .
We got amazing comments , but the negative ones just naturally stick with you .
People said we were n't Irish and that we did n't deserve to represent the country .
They put a monkey face [ to represent a black girl 's face ] .
Just crazy @ @ @ @ @ @ @ no reason .
How did that make you feel ?
Rachael : I think the most surprising part was that our parents were n't really surprised .
I remember running to my parents and saying , `` Mom , dad : Look what they are saying about us . ''
And my dad said , `` Guess you better get used to it . ''
What are your career goals ?
Margaret : I 'm currently in medical school .
I hope to specialize in precision medicine , which deals with how technology @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
Rachael : I instantly fell in love with the business aspect of the competition .
I think I 'm definitely going to go into international business and IT .
Joy : I 'm equivalent to a senior in high school and am getting ready for college .
Right now , I 'm looking at computer science and engineering or some sort of science field because that 's what excites me .
What do you guys do when you 're not coding or studying ?
Margaret : I 'm pretty into music .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ , I was into sports as well .
Rachael : I eat , breathe and sleep music .
I play the piano , the guitar and I sing .
I 'm also really into sports like basketball .
Joy : At the moment , because I 'm studying for my final exams , I 'm kind of lacking in hobbies .
But sometimes I like to read .
What was your reaction when you realized you won the competition ?
Rachael : We went to our mentor 's house to watch the live @ @ @ @ @ @ @ that moment .
It was insane .
There 's a video going around Ireland of our reaction actually .
Nadia Whitehead is a freelance journalist and science writer .
Her work has appeared in Science , The Washington Post and NPR .
Find her on Twitter @ NadiaMacias .

Good News Story: Nigerian Irish Teen Girls Win Prize For Dementia App
toggle caption Memory Haven For NPR
An award-winning app that can help patients with dementia will launch later this month in app stores. But unlike most apps — made by professional software developers in a male-dominated tech industry — this one was created by three teenage girls.
The Nigerian-Irish teens are the champions of Technovation Girls, an international competition that challenges young women to develop an app that can solve a problem in their community. The annual competition is hosted by Technovation, a nonprofit organization that empowers girls to become leaders in tech.
The girls were guided by project mentor Evelyn Nomayo, an Afro-Irish developer and the founder of Phase Innovate, an organization that trains and mentors underrepresented minorities and women in tech. Nomayo told them about her mother, who experienced dementia, and that inspired the teens, who live in Drogheda, Ireland, to create an app that could help with the disorder. The 12-week challenge resulted in Memory Haven, which beat out more than 1,500 submissions from 62 countries.
Memory Haven can be used by both patients and caregivers. Its six features target three problems faced by those with dementia: memory loss and difficulty with recognition and speech. A reminder feature, for example, alerts both the patient and caregiver that it's time for medication, while photo albums allow users to flip through tagged photos identifying who is in the image.
NPR zoomed with the creators of Memory Haven last week to learn about their app, the challenges they've faced as women in tech and what international victory felt like. Spoiler alert: You're going to want to see their victory lap. (This conversation has been edited for brevity and clarity.)
Tell me about the woman who inspired this app.
Evelyn Nomayo: My mom started having dementia problems three to four years ago. The first time I realized something was wrong was when she started hallucinating. She lived in America, but she'd be imagining that she was in Nigeria. One time [when I was visiting her] I gave her something to sew, and I could see the pain in her eyes because she forgot how to. She used to be a seamstress, but she couldn't do it anymore. So some of my experiences that I had with her, the team translated into technology to help others. She passed away earlier this year.
How can Memory Haven help people with dementia?
Rachael Akano, 16: Our app has six features: photo albums, music, outreach, face and voice recognition, memory games and reminders. The memory game allows [a user] to put their cognitive ability to the test while promoting memory retention in a fun way and improving focus and speed. The face and voice recognition feature makes it easy for users to identify their friends and family. Then research suggests that musical memories are the least affected by dementia, so we created a music feature for personal playlists.
What was everyone's role on the team?
Margaret Akano, 17: I was the project manager.
Rachael: And I was the financial manager.
Joy Njekwe, 17: I was the sales manager, but we all worked on everything really.
And Evelyn—what inspired you to mentor this team?
Evelyn: I'm currently doing a Ph.D. [in computer science and statistics]. During this process, I found that most of the time, I was either the only girl in class or the only black person or person of color. Whether I'm working or being educated, it's so obvious that there's a shortage of women in this space. So I just felt it: There was a need to bring more girls and people of color into that space.
What prejudices have you faced as a women or persons of color in tech?
Evelyn: The way my male counterparts would view me and doubt my intelligence: "Can she do this? Can she not do that?"
Rachael: I think the most negative reaction we received was when the Irish Times announced that we made it to the finals [on Twitter]. We got amazing comments, but the negative ones just naturally stick with you. People said we weren't Irish and that we didn't deserve to represent the country. They put a monkey face [to represent a black girl's face]. Just crazy, crazy oceans of racism for absolutely no reason.
How did that make you feel?
Rachael: I think the most surprising part was that our parents weren't really surprised. I remember running to my parents and saying, "Mom, dad: Look what they are saying about us." And my dad said, "Guess you better get used to it."
What are your career goals?
Margaret: I'm currently in medical school. I hope to specialize in precision medicine, which deals with how technology can help people in the medical world.
Rachael: I instantly fell in love with the business aspect of the competition. I think I'm definitely going to go into international business and IT.
Joy: I'm equivalent to a senior in high school and am getting ready for college. Right now, I'm looking at computer science and engineering or some sort of science field because that's what excites me.
What do you guys do when you're not coding or studying?
Margaret: I'm pretty into music. I love singing and in high school, I was into sports as well.
Rachael: I eat, breathe and sleep music. I play the piano, the guitar and I sing. I'm also really into sports like basketball.
Joy: At the moment, because I'm studying for my final exams, I'm kind of lacking in hobbies. But sometimes I like to read.
What was your reaction when you realized you won the competition?
Rachael: We went to our mentor's house to watch the live announcements. I can't even explain that moment. It was insane. There's a video going around Ireland of our reaction actually.
Nadia Whitehead is a freelance journalist and science writer. Her work has appeared in Science, The Washington Post and NPR. Find her on Twitter @NadiaMacias.


npr--2020-10-08--How The Coronavirus Has Affected Individual Members Of Congress

How The Coronavirus Has Affected Individual Members Of Congress Updated on October 8 at 1:45 p.m .
ET The coronavirus pandemic continues to upend the daily work of Congress , which has seen a series of outbreaks .
Most recently , President Trump , First Lady Melania Trump and several others tested positive following a White House Rose Garden ceremony to announce his nominee , Judge Amy Coney Barrett , as Supreme Court justice .
At least nine Republican members of Congress attended , and several individuals tested positive for the coronavirus infection or were sidelined in quarantines in the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Sens .
Mike Lee of Utah and Thom Tillis of North Carolina , who had attended Senate business the week after the ceremony , then tested positive .
Soon after , Wisconsin Sen. Ron Johnson , who was n't at the Rose Garden event , also tested positive .
Several more members tested negative , but entered quarantines after exposure at the event , including Sens .
Ben Sasse of Nebraska and Ted Cruz of Texas and Louisiana Rep. Mike Johnson .
The new outbreak forced the Senate to recess for two weeks @ @ @ @ @ @ @ full chamber vote to allow Republicans to confirm Barrett .
The House was already slated to be away .
This is n't the first spread of the illness for Capitol Hill .
The pandemic sidelined Congress since its March beginnings , as House and Senate leaders delayed bringing back members for several weeks in light of public health guidelines recommending social distancing .
The Senate returned in May , but the much larger House still stayed mostly away as a result of advice from the attending physician to Congress .
That same month @ @ @ @ @ @ @ allowing remote voting and hearings .
So far , the virus has infected about 20 lawmakers and forced dozens more to self-quarantine .
More than 100 members of their staffs and Capitol Hill workers have tested positive .
The initial rash of cases began March 8 , when two Republican lawmakers , Sen. Ted Cruz of Texas and Rep. Paul Gosar of Arizona , were the first members of Congress to announce self-quarantines .
Both had attended the Conservative Political Action Conference in National Harbor , Md.
, where an attendee at the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ week , the first two members of Congress said they tested positive for the coronavirus .
Republican Rep. Mario Diaz-Balart of Florida and Democratic Rep. Ben McAdams of Utah both said they developed symptoms after a March 14 vote on a coronavirus relief package .
By October , more than 120 Capitol workers reported a positive test or were presumed so , including more than 40 members of the U.S. Capitol Police .
Earlier this summer , Gary Tibbetts , a longtime staffer for Republican Rep. Vern Buchanan of Florida , died from @ @ @ @ @ @ @ lawmakers have taken antibody tests to see if they were previously ill .
Among them , Democratic Sens .
Tim Kaine of Virginia and Bob Casey of Pennsylvania both said they tested positive months after experiencing symptoms in the spring .
To stem the flow of new cases , both chambers issued new social distancing guidance .
Also , the U.S. Capitol remains closed to public tours and open only to members , staff , press and official business visitors .
In late July , House Speaker Nancy Pelosi also issued a new @ @ @ @ @ @ @ R-Texas , who has often rejected mask protocols , tested positive for the coronavirus .
Gohmert had attended several hearings a day before testing and returned to the Capitol following a White House screening that caught his infection .
Gohmert 's case triggered quarantines for five House members , including Arizona Democratic Rep. Raúl Grijalva .
Days later , Grijalva tested positive , but fully recovered symptom free .
Now , members can be forcibly removed by Capitol Police from House hearings and the floor if they are not wearing masks .
This @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , 2020 .

Congress and COVID-19: members' cases and quarantines
Enlarge this image toggle caption Al Drago/Bloomberg via Getty Images Al Drago/Bloomberg via Getty Images
Editor's note: This page is no longer updating as of Dec. 31, 2021.
A number of congressional lawmakers experienced breakthrough COVID-19 infections as coronavirus cases rose nationwide with the spread of the omicron variant.
Earlier in 2021, Congress went months with no coronavirus cases among its members. That came a halt amid a national surge driven by the delta variant, when Republican Reps. Vern Buchanan of Florida and Clay Higgins of Louisiana reported infections in July. Buchanan says he was fully vaccinated, but that was less clear for Higgins.
At least another dozen members followed throughout the fall with news they had also tested positive for coronavirus; many of those infections involving vaccinated Senate and House members.
Before these latest waves, Congress' nearly six-month case pause came after a majority of more than 500 lawmakers were fully vaccinated by January. The Capitol's attending physician then lifted much of the mask mandates that dominated the past year. However, a minority of House Republican members have refused to seek vaccination.
Lawmakers impact by the coronavirus
This new threat arrives after the coronavirus already exacted a large toll on the Capitol.
Last year, the pandemic upended daily work for months, sickening dozens of members and hundreds of workers. A sitting congressman, a member-elect and an aide died.
By February 2021, more than 60 lawmakers and 360 Capitol Hill workers had tested positive, or were presumed so, for the coronavirus, according to NPR's tracker and congressional aides.
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See a list of all members who tested positive or quarantined.
That same month, Rep. Ron Wright, R-Texas, became the first sitting member of Congress to die after a more than two-week battle with COVID-19. In December, Rep.-elect Luke Letlow of Louisiana died days before he was due to be sworn in for a seat that was later filled in April by his widow, Rep. Julia Letlow, following a special election.
And last summer, an aide to Buchanan died from COVID-19.
The rash of infections among members continued at a consistent pace since the pandemic began, with the longest stretch without any such cases lasting about three weeks during recess periods away from Washington, D.C.
But this past March, Capitol Hill began its first month-long stretch without any reported cases or quarantines among members. The most recent positive case before July was reported by Rep. Stephen Lynch, D-Mass., on Jan. 29, despite his having received his second dose of the vaccine days earlier.
Another member, House Oversight Committee Chair Carolyn Maloney, D-N.Y., reported that she quarantined on Feb. 1. It ended Feb. 8 without a report of a positive test.
January 6 insurrection caused spike in cases on Capitol Hill
Up until this summer, the most recent outbreak of cases on Capitol Hill for members was triggered by the Jan. 6 insurrection, which forced members to cluster together in rooms for several hours. Some House Republicans were seen refusing to wear masks during the ordeal.
Later, Monahan told Congress that at least one of these holding rooms for House members included a lawmaker who was already positive.
More than a half-dozen members quarantined as a result, and several tested positive, including Democratic Reps. Bonnie Watson Coleman of New Jersey and Brad Schneider of Illinois.
In all, January proved to be one of members' worst month for the coronavirus, with at least 16 lawmakers testing positive. Before the insurrection, the House met to launch a new session before reinstating rules allowing proxy voting.
This, as congressional leaders and lawmakers received the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine, which became available to members in December. The doses were provided to meet long-standing requirements for continuity of government operations, Monahan told members in a Dec. 17 note.
Pandemic impacted congressional operations
Ahead of the vaccinations, both chambers of Congress recessed multiple times last year as the Capitol went largely without a widespread testing program.
The Democratic-controlled House installed emergency proxy voting and remote hearings in May 2020, and Pelosi extended the covered period several times due to the pandemic. It remains in place until at least until mid-August.
In November, Pelosi triggered a broader coronavirus testing program for Congress following new requirement for travelers to the Washington, D.C., area.
Pelosi has previously said with about 75% of House members vaccinated, and several Republicans who refuse to do so, she's unclear when Congress will fully get back to normal.
"One of the most substantial steps that can be taken is that everybody should be vaccinated," Pelosi told reporters in March, later adding, "We need 100% of the members vaccinated, because it just takes one to endanger others."
The pandemic delayed other rituals, such as President Biden's first address before a joint session of Congress, which was held with only 200 socially distanced guests on April 28.
Last year remains a reminder of how quickly outbreaks spiraled out of control among lawmakers.
In December, at least nine House members, including six Republicans, tested positive for the coronavirus. And November proved to be another one of the worst months of the pandemic for Congress, when at least 15 lawmakers said they were infected, including two of the oldest, Republicans Rep. Don Young of Alaska and Sen. Chuck Grassley of Iowa.
A previous outbreak in September was tied to a White House Rose Garden ceremony to announce Amy Coney Barrett as then-President Donald Trump's Supreme Court justice nominee. Trump, then-first lady Melania Trump and dozens of others in attendance tested positive, including Republican Sens. Mike Lee of Utah and Thom Tillis of North Carolina.
It was one of several instances forcing leaders to change the congressional schedule.
Starting in the first month of the pandemic, in March 2020, House and Senate leaders delayed bringing back members in light of public health guidelines recommending social distancing.
The Senate returned in May 2020, but the much larger House remained mostly away under the advice of Monahan, the Capitol's attending physician. That same month, the House approved its historic rule changes to allow remote voting and hearings.
The first spate of cases began March 8, 2020, when two Republican lawmakers, Sen. Ted Cruz of Texas and Rep. Paul Gosar of Arizona, were the first members of Congress to announce self-quarantines. Both attended the Conservative Political Action Conference in National Harbor, Md., where another guest fell ill.
The following week, the first two members of Congress said they tested positive for the coronavirus. Republican Rep. Mario Diaz-Balart of Florida and then-Democratic Rep. Ben McAdams of Utah both said they developed symptoms after a March 14 floor vote on a coronavirus relief package.
By last summer, dozens of Capitol workers reported a positive test or were presumed so, and Gary Tibbetts, a longtime staffer for Buchanan died from COVID-19 on July 24.
Some lawmakers also took antibody tests to see if they were previously infected. They include Democratic Sens. Tim Kaine of Virginia and Bob Casey of Pennsylvania, who both said they tested positive months after experiencing symptoms in the spring.
To stem the flow of new cases, both chambers early on issued new social distancing guidance. Also, the U.S. Capitol closed to public tours and remained open only to members, staff, the press and official business visitors, and aside from the Jan. 6 breach by pro-Trump extremists, it has remained so.
In late July 2020, Pelosi also issued a temporary, new mask mandate after Texas GOP Rep. Louie Gohmert, who often rejected such protocols, tested positive. Gohmert had attended several hearings a day earlier and returned to the Capitol following a White House screening that caught his infection.
Gohmert's case triggered quarantines for five House members, including Arizona Democratic Rep. Raúl Grijalva. Days later, Grijalva tested positive but fully recovered symptom free. Until recent changes lifting the mask mandates, members could be fined or be forcibly removed by Capitol Police if they are not wearing masks.