npr--2020-05-17--11 Firefighters Injured In Los Angeles Blaze, Explosion

A fire and an explosion near downtown Los Angeles on Saturday left 11 firefighters injured , according to the fire department .
Firefighters arrived on scene around 6:30 p.m. PT , according to Fire Chief Ralph Terrazas .
While firefighters initially reported `` moderate smoke '' at the scene , Terrazas said they began an evacuation because of rising heat and smoke .
The explosion occurred as the firefighters left the building .
According to Terrazas , a witness told officials firefighters were seen escaping from the roof with their coats in flames .
Dr. Marc Eckstein , LAFD 's @ @ @ @ @ @ @ taken to County-USC Medical Center .
All of them were `` awake and alert '' on arrival , and all are expected to survive .
The injuries ranged from first- to third-degree burns .
At least one firefighter is expected to require skin grafts .
Four were taken to the burn intensive care unit , while the others were taken to the burn ward , he said .
Eckstein said two firefighters were on ventilators because of `` early indication of swelling of the airway . ''
Dr. Carl Chudnofsky , chair of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ school , praised the team that treated the firefighters .
`` This could have been horrendous , '' he said .
California Gov .
Gavin Newsom said on Twitter he was `` grateful for the brave firefighters and first responders on scene battling these flames tonight . ''
Terrazas said an on-scene investigation will take several days .

12 Firefighters Injured In Los Angeles Blaze, Explosion
Enlarge this image toggle caption Ringo H.W. Chiu/AP Ringo H.W. Chiu/AP
Updated at 4:25 p.m. ET Sunday
A fire and huge explosion at a building near downtown Los Angeles on Saturday evening left 12 firefighters injured, some critically, the fire department said.
Some responders saw a "significant explosion, very high, very wide, rumbling the entire area and firefighters were coming out with obvious damage and burns," said Capt. Erik Scott, a fire department spokesman.
The blast was so forceful that a fire truck across the street from the building was "blackened."
The building was a business — a supplier for companies that make butane honey oil, Scott said. Butane honey oil is another name for "hash oil," which is concentrated resin of marijuana.
Firefighters initially reported "moderate smoke" when they arrived at the scene around 6:30 p.m., said Fire Chief Ralph Terrazas. But they began an evacuation because of rising heat and smoke and the explosion occurred as the firefighters left the building.
According to Terrazas, a witness told officials firefighters were seen escaping from the roof with their coats in flames.
A "mayday" call went out — signifying that multiple firefighters could be injured — and more than 230 firefighters responded to the scene.
Dr. Marc Eckstein, LAFD's medical director, said on Saturday that 11 firefighters were taken to LAC-USC Medical Center. All of them were "awake and alert" on arrival, and all are expected to survive. The injuries ranged from first- to third-degree burns. At least one firefighter is expected to require skin grafts.
Two firefighters were in critical but stable condition Sunday, the department said. Six others are also still hospitalized, but three have been discharged. A 12th firefighter was treated and released Saturday night for a "minor extremity injury."
Dr. Carl Chudnofsky, chair of clinical emergency medicine at USC's medical school, praised the team that treated the firefighters.
"This could have been horrendous," he said.
California Gov. Gavin Newsom said on Twitter he was "grateful for the brave firefighters and first responders on scene battling these flames tonight."
Terrazas said an on-scene investigation will take several days.


npr--2020-05-17--'She Wasn't Alone,' A Doctor Reflects On New York City's Coronavirus Peak

'She Was n't Alone , ' A Doctor Reflects On New York City 's Coronavirus Peak On the night of March 30 , just before 7 p.m. , Dr. Ray Lorenzoni put on his face mask , walked across the street from the Bronx apartment he shares with his wife and started his shift at the Children 's Hospital at Montefiore Medical Center .
Lorenzoni , 35 , is in his second year of a pediatric cardiology fellowship at the hospital .
But this night , the patients would be different : It was his first shift treating adult coronavirus @ @ @ @ @ @ @ treated in the hospital since medical school six years before .
`` Coming into the hospital , it was a little bit unreal , '' he says .
`` The whole floor was filled with adult patients . ''
By then , COVID-19 cases systemwide at Montefiore Medical Center had gone from just two cases a little over two weeks earlier to more than 700 .
In response , Montefiore transformed part of the children 's hospital into a 40-bed adult COVID unit .
All around the city , other hospitals were making @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
Operating rooms were converted into ICUs .
A field hospital went up in Central Park .
But the surge in New York City has done much more than simply rearrange space and upend protocol .
More than 15,000 people have died of COVID-19 there , and that enormous toll will profoundly impact the city 's tens of thousands of health care workers for years to come .
Lorenzoni is one of them .
A little over a month ago , Lorenzoni answered a request from NPR for hospital workers to describe what @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the crisis .
Lorenzoni began recording his reflections for NPR after his shifts , sitting at the desk in his bedroom , speaking into his iPhone in a slow , measured voice .
Just a few weeks earlier , Lorenzoni had watched — along with many other Americans — how the Italian medical system had been brought to its knees .
It seemed likely it was only a matter of when , not if , the coronavirus would arrive in the U.S. And of course , by then , it already had .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ because of what happened in Italy , '' Lorenzoni says , and adds , `` a pediatric physician needing to take care of critical adult patients is unheard of . ''
Still , he was surprised he was recruited so early .
`` They filled us up pretty quickly and the patients were very sick .
I remember in the first couple shifts we were putting breathing tubes in patients on a floor that does n't usually do that , '' he says .
Treating adults hit him hard , he says .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
`` Pediatrics is a career where most of your patients get better , '' he says .
`` But these were very with-it adults who were scared .
They knew what the risk was . ''
It felt important to him , he says , to be honest about what was happening , even when the news was n't good .
`` One of my main mantras is to sit down with somebody .
And that was very tough in this environment because our protective equipment did n't surround us , '' @ @ @ @ @ @ @ discouraged from sitting down on the bed next to a patient to have a deep discussion or sitting down in a chair and being at eye level with the patient . ''
Instead , he says he would do his best to give his patient a sense of comfort by leaning against the wall , trying not to stand over or talk down to them .
`` I think patients can see right through a physician when they try to dance around a difficult conversation , '' he says .
`` You can @ @ @ @ @ @ @ appreciate that honesty . ''
One patient , a man in his mid-forties , kept asking how bad his condition was .
As the man 's health deteriorated , Lorenzoni was open with him , aware that those hard conversations — like what it means to be put on a ventilator — are sometimes the last a patient will ever have .
`` I remember that he asked me , 'doc , I know I 'm not getting better , what else can we do ? '
and unfortunately I had to answer @ @ @ @ @ @ @ could .
And he broke down .
And I broke down a little bit in tears , '' he says .
In his recordings , Lorenzoni lingered on the quieter moments .
He spoke about why it was important to take time with his patients , especially because visitors were not allowed .
One woman , in her early 30s , often wanted staff to check in on her , beyond the usual rounds that doctors and nurses make .
`` I feel like she knew she was n't doing well , and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ says .
When he would leave for the day , he 'd check in on her to make sure she was okay , but he worried that she would take a turn for the worse by the time he returned .
Eventually , that 's what happened .
She needed to be placed on a ventilator to breathe .
`` One of the things I remember before the breathing tube was placed was simply sitting by her side and telling her what was going to happen .
And what we could and could @ @ @ @ @ @ @ remembers .
`` She was scared about how little control she had or even the doctors had in how she did . ''
Lorenzoni transferred her to an ICU , an operating room that had been converted .
His shift was ending , and he signed out his other patients , but he stayed on to be with this one during the intubation .
`` When her body did n't respond well to that , because it was so weak , I was there doing chest compressions on her , '' he says @ @ @ @ @ @ @ certificate afterwards .
It was a tough day . ''
She was the first of his patients to die .
`` Although she passed away without her family by her side , she was n't alone , '' he says .
`` I hope that even this small amount of company that she had at the end was comforting for her .
And it 's going to be one of the things that sticks with me for the rest of my career . ''
Many of the people who have died from COVID-19 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , like diabetes and high blood pressure , and that 's true in Lorenzoni 's experience as well .
But he says conditions that put someone at a higher risk are much more common than people realize .
`` These are people that we know .
These are people that we 're related to , '' he says .
`` It 's either yourself , or your neighbor , or people that you work with . ''
Hospitalizations and deaths from COVID-19 have been decreasing for a few weeks now in New York @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
It 's a welcome relief for now , but he says if there 's another surge , he could be called back .

'She Wasn't Alone,' A Doctor Reflects On New York City's Coronavirus Peak
Enlarge this image toggle caption Elias Williams for NPR Elias Williams for NPR
On the night of March 30, just before 7 p.m., Dr. Ray Lorenzoni put on his face mask, walked across the street from the Bronx apartment he shares with his wife and started his shift at the Children's Hospital at Montefiore Medical Center.
Lorenzoni, 35, is in his second year of a pediatric cardiology fellowship at the hospital. But this night, the patients would be different: It was his first shift treating adult coronavirus patients — the first adults he's treated in the hospital since medical school six years before.
"Coming into the hospital, it was a little bit unreal," he says. "The whole floor was filled with adult patients."
By then, COVID-19 cases systemwide at Montefiore Medical Center had gone from just two cases a little over two weeks earlier to more than 700. In response, Montefiore transformed part of the children's hospital into a 40-bed adult COVID unit. All around the city, other hospitals were making similar adjustments. Medical students graduated early. Operating rooms were converted into ICUs. A field hospital went up in Central Park.
But the surge in New York City has done much more than simply rearrange space and upend protocol. More than 15,000 people have died of COVID-19 there, and that enormous toll will profoundly impact the city's tens of thousands of health care workers for years to come. Lorenzoni is one of them.
A little over a month ago, Lorenzoni answered a request from NPR for hospital workers to describe what work was like at the epicenter of the crisis. Lorenzoni began recording his reflections for NPR after his shifts, sitting at the desk in his bedroom, speaking into his iPhone in a slow, measured voice.
Just a few weeks earlier, Lorenzoni had watched — along with many other Americans — how the Italian medical system had been brought to its knees. It seemed likely it was only a matter of when, not if, the coronavirus would arrive in the U.S. And of course, by then, it already had.
"I knew I could be involved because of what happened in Italy," Lorenzoni says, and adds, "a pediatric physician needing to take care of critical adult patients is unheard of."
Still, he was surprised he was recruited so early.
"They filled us up pretty quickly and the patients were very sick. I remember in the first couple shifts we were putting breathing tubes in patients on a floor that doesn't usually do that," he says.
Treating adults hit him hard, he says. He's used to working with kids.
"Pediatrics is a career where most of your patients get better," he says. "But these were very with-it adults who were scared. They knew what the risk was."
It felt important to him, he says, to be honest about what was happening, even when the news wasn't good.
"One of my main mantras is to sit down with somebody. And that was very tough in this environment because our protective equipment didn't surround us," he says. "So we were discouraged from sitting down on the bed next to a patient to have a deep discussion or sitting down in a chair and being at eye level with the patient."
Instead, he says he would do his best to give his patient a sense of comfort by leaning against the wall, trying not to stand over or talk down to them.
"I think patients can see right through a physician when they try to dance around a difficult conversation," he says. "You can be honest with a person and they appreciate that honesty."
One patient, a man in his mid-forties, kept asking how bad his condition was. As the man's health deteriorated, Lorenzoni was open with him, aware that those hard conversations — like what it means to be put on a ventilator — are sometimes the last a patient will ever have.
"I remember that he asked me, 'doc, I know I'm not getting better, what else can we do?' and unfortunately I had to answer that we'd been doing everything we could. And he broke down. And I broke down a little bit in tears," he says.
Enlarge this image toggle caption Elias Williams for NPR Elias Williams for NPR
In his recordings, Lorenzoni lingered on the quieter moments. He spoke about why it was important to take time with his patients, especially because visitors were not allowed. One woman, in her early 30s, often wanted staff to check in on her, beyond the usual rounds that doctors and nurses make.
"I feel like she knew she wasn't doing well, and she wanted the company," Lorenzoni says.
When he would leave for the day, he'd check in on her to make sure she was okay, but he worried that she would take a turn for the worse by the time he returned.
Eventually, that's what happened. She needed to be placed on a ventilator to breathe.
"One of the things I remember before the breathing tube was placed was simply sitting by her side and telling her what was going to happen. And what we could and couldn't do to help," he remembers. "She was scared about how little control she had or even the doctors had in how she did."
Lorenzoni transferred her to an ICU, an operating room that had been converted. His shift was ending, and he signed out his other patients, but he stayed on to be with this one during the intubation.
"When her body didn't respond well to that, because it was so weak, I was there doing chest compressions on her," he says. "And I signed her death certificate afterwards. It was a tough day."
She was the first of his patients to die.
"Although she passed away without her family by her side, she wasn't alone," he says. "I hope that even this small amount of company that she had at the end was comforting for her. And it's going to be one of the things that sticks with me for the rest of my career."
Many of the people who have died from COVID-19 in New York had underlying health conditions, like diabetes and high blood pressure, and that's true in Lorenzoni's experience as well. But he says conditions that put someone at a higher risk are much more common than people realize.
"These are people that we know. These are people that we're related to," he says. "It's either yourself, or your neighbor, or people that you work with."
Hospitalizations and deaths from COVID-19 have been decreasing for a few weeks now in New York, and Lorenzoni is back on pediatrics. It's a welcome relief for now, but he says if there's another surge, he could be called back.


npr--2020-05-17--Obama, Malala, Jonas Brothers Send Off Class Of 2020 In Virtual Graduation

Obama , Malala , Jonas Brothers Send Off Class Of 2020 In Virtual Graduation Audio will be available later today .
Celebrities , activists , artists and students themselves recognized America 's 3 million-plus high school graduates in a widely broadcast ceremony on Saturday night , after the coronavirus robbed graduating seniors of a crucial milestone .
The virtual event , called `` Graduate Together : America Honors the Class of 2020 , '' carried a resounding message of community at a time when COVID-19 rules out the possibility of large gatherings .
In his commencement speech , former President @ @ @ @ @ @ @ already faced big challenges to get to this point .
`` Graduating is a big achievement under any circumstances .
Some of you have had to overcome serious obstacles along the way , '' he said .
But just as seniors were ready to celebrate crossing the finish line , the coronavirus pandemic hit .
Acknowledging the new uncertainties introduced by the pandemic , Obama told the class of 2020 the global health crisis would force them to grow up faster .
`` When everything 's up for grabs , this is your @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Obama said .
`` This pandemic has shaken up the status quo , and laid bare a lot of our country 's deep-seated problems , '' he said , pointing to economic inequality , systemic racism and health care disparities .
The former president closed with a final piece of advice : Build a community .
`` No one does big things by themselves , '' he said .
`` If we 're going to save the environment and defeat future pandemics , we 're going to have to do it together .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ struggles .
Stand up for one another 's rights .
Leave behind all the old ways of thinking that divide us . ''
Basketball star LeBron James , whose activism has centered on primary education , flipped the `` stay home '' message spread during the public health crisis into a metaphorical one : `` Stay close to home . ''
`` Class of 2020 , the world has changed .
You will determine how we rebuild , and I ask that you make your community your priority , '' James said .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ U.S. Women 's National Team , told the seniors , `` I 'm not gon na ask you to come together .
I 'm going to ask you to demand better . ''
She encouraged students to vote in November , adding , `` Who is leading matters . ''
Education activist Malala Yousafzai is also missing her graduation after studying philosophy , politics and economics at Oxford University .
She asked viewers to remember the young women in the world who wo n't be able to return to school after the coronavirus @ @ @ @ @ @ @ low-paying jobs .
`` As you go out and change the world , do n't leave them behind , '' she said .
The speeches were punctuated by students who thanked teachers , tributes from parents and plenty of TikTok clips .
Musicians stepped in front of green screens that featured videos of seniors dancing and playing instruments .
Special appearances included Dua Lipa , H.E.R.
, Zendaya , Shaquille O'Neal , Yara Shahidi , Bad Bunny , Lena Waithe , Pharrell Williams and YBN Cordae .
Broadway star Ben Platt and his @ @ @ @ @ @ @ sang an a cappella medley of popular graduation anthems — supported by students ' backing vocals — including Vitamin C 's `` Graduation ( Friends Forever ) '' and The Beatles ' `` In My Life . ''
The Jonas Brothers closed out the show with a new song , `` X , '' featuring Karol G , joined by students dancing in sync via video .

Obama, Malala, Jonas Brothers Send Off Class Of 2020 In Virtual Graduation
Enlarge this image toggle caption Getty Images for EIF & XQ Getty Images for EIF & XQ
Celebrities, activists, artists and students themselves recognized America's 3 million-plus graduating high school seniors in a widely broadcast ceremony on Saturday night, after the coronavirus crisis robbed the class of 2020 of a crucial milestone.
The virtual event, called Graduate Together: America Honors the High School Class of 2020, carried a resounding message of community at a time when COVID-19 rules out the possibility of large gatherings.
In his commencement speech, former President Barack Obama told students that they've already faced big challenges to get to this point.
"Graduating is a big achievement under any circumstances. Some of you have had to overcome serious obstacles along the way," he said.
And just as seniors were ready to celebrate crossing the finish line, the coronavirus pandemic hit.
Acknowledging the new uncertainties introduced by the pandemic, Obama told the class of 2020 that the global health crisis would force them to grow up faster.
"When everything's up for grabs, this is your generation's world to shape," Obama said.
"This pandemic has shaken up the status quo and laid bare a lot of our country's deep-seated problems," he said, pointing to economic inequality, systemic racism and health care disparities.
The former president closed with a final piece of advice: Build a community.
"No one does big things by themselves," he said. "If we're going to save the environment and defeat future pandemics, we're going to have to do it together. So be alive to one another's struggles. Stand up for one another's rights. Leave behind all the old ways of thinking that divide us."
NBC YouTube
Basketball star LeBron James, whose activism has centered on primary education, flipped the "stay home" message spread during the public health crisis into a metaphorical one: "Stay close to home."
"Class of 2020, the world has changed. You will determine how we rebuild, and I ask that you make your community your priority," James said.
Megan Rapinoe, soccer player for the U.S. Women's National Team, told the seniors, "I'm not gonna ask you to come together. I'm going to ask you to demand better."
She encouraged students to vote in November, adding, "Who is leading matters."
Education activist Malala Yousafzai is also missing her graduation, after studying philosophy, politics and economics at Oxford University.
She asked viewers to remember the young women in the world who won't be able to return to school because the coronavirus crisis pushed them into forced marriages and low-paying jobs.
"As you go out and change the world, don't leave them behind," she said.
The speeches were punctuated by students who thanked teachers, tributes from parents and plenty of TikTok clips.
Musicians stepped in front of green screens that featured videos of seniors dancing and playing instruments. Special appearances were made by Dua Lipa, H.E.R., Zendaya, Shaquille O'Neal, Yara Shahidi, Bad Bunny, Lena Waithe, Pharrell Williams and YBN Cordae.
Broadway star Ben Platt and his brothers, Henry and Jonah Platt, sang an a cappella medley of popular graduation anthems — supported by students' backing vocals — including Vitamin C's "Graduation (Friends Forever)" and the Beatles' "In My Life."
The Jonas Brothers closed out the show with a new song, "X," featuring Karol G, joined by students dancing in sync via video.


npr--2020-05-18--California Loosens Counties' Reopening Requirements

On Monday , California Gov .
Gavin Newsom announced during his daily coronavirus press briefing an updated set of public health benchmarks that counties must meet to move further into reopening their economies .
These more permissive thresholds could allow 53 of the state 's 58 counties to reopen more parts of the economy , he said , speaking to reporters at a Napa Valley restaurant .
In announcing the decision , Newsom cited statewide trends ; hospitalizations declined by over 7 % in the last two weeks and the number of patients with COVID-19 in intensive care units also @ @ @ @ @ @ @ also said the state has conducted over a million tests , and bolstered its tracing capacity in recent weeks .
`` The one size does not fit all , '' Newsom said Monday , `` We recognize the conditions across the state are unique and distinctive depending where you are across the state . ''
Regions still have to go through a certification process , but the new reopening thresholds are markedly less strict than the guidelines laid out earlier this month .
To advance further into reopening , counties will have to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ than 5 % increase in COVID-19 hospitalizations over a 7-day period • Less than 8 % of residents test positive for coronavirus over a 7-day period Counties could chose to show instead that in the last 14-day period , there were no more than 20 COVID-19 hospitalizations on any single day .
Regions can also show they 've had fewer than 25 new cases per 100,000 residents in the past 14 days .
Previously , that standard was per 10,000 residents .
The governor also dropped the requirement that regions have no COVID-19-related @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Los Angeles and Sacramento counties , most of the state has chosen to enter into a Stage 2 reopening , which allows places such as book , clothing , toy and sporting goods stores , as well as music shops and florists to deliver to customers at the curb .
Twenty-four California counties have moved into Expanded Stage 2 , according to Newsom .
The later phase of Stage 2 allows dine-in restaurants , shopping centers , community centers and schools to reopen with modifications .
Even though the state is loosening reopening @ @ @ @ @ @ @ their current local stay-at-home guidelines .
Newsom also hinted that in the next few weeks , in-store retail , sporting events without spectators and hair salons could reopen statewide , with modifications .

California Loosens Counties' Reopening Requirements
Enlarge this image toggle caption Damian Dovarganes/AP Damian Dovarganes/AP
On Monday, California Gov. Gavin Newsom announced during his daily coronavirus press briefing an updated set of public health benchmarks that counties must meet to move further into reopening their economies.
These more permissive thresholds could allow 53 of the state's 58 counties to reopen more parts of the economy, he said, speaking to reporters at a Napa Valley restaurant.
In announcing the decision, Newsom cited statewide trends; hospitalizations declined by over 7% in the last two weeks and the number of patients with COVID-19 in intensive care units also fell by nearly 9%. He also said the state has conducted over a million tests, and bolstered its tracing capacity in recent weeks.
"The one size does not fit all," Newsom said Monday, "We recognize the conditions across the state are unique and distinctive depending where you are across the state."
Regions still have to go through a certification process, but the new reopening thresholds are markedly less strict than the guidelines laid out earlier this month.
To advance further into reopening, counties will have to certify the following:
No greater than 5% increase in COVID-19 hospitalizations over a 7-day period
Less than 8% of residents test positive for coronavirus over a 7-day period
Counties could chose to show instead that in the last 14-day period, there were no more than 20 COVID-19 hospitalizations on any single day. Regions can also show they've had fewer than 25 new cases per 100,000 residents in the past 14 days.
Previously, that standard was one case per 10,000 residents. The governor also dropped the requirement that regions have no COVID-19-related deaths over a two-week period.
Excluding Los Angeles and Sacramento counties, most of the state has chosen to enter into a Stage 2 reopening, which allows places such as book, clothing, toy and sporting goods stores, as well as music shops and florists to deliver to customers at the curb.
Twenty-four California counties have moved into Expanded Stage 2, according to Newsom.
The later phase of Stage 2 allows dine-in restaurants, shopping centers, community centers and schools to reopen with modifications.
Even though the state is loosening reopening requirements, counties are able to keep their current local stay-at-home guidelines.
Newsom also hinted that in the next few weeks, in-store retail, sporting events without spectators, hair salons and religious services could reopen statewide, with modifications.


npr--2020-05-18--Ken Osmond Dies At 76, Played Two-Faced Eddie Haskell On 'Leave It To Beaver'

Ken Osmond Dies At 76 , Played Two-Faced Eddie Haskell On 'Leave It To Beaver' Ken Osmond was a character actor known , really , for one character .
He played Eddie Haskell on the 1950s and '60s TV sitcom Leave It to Beaver .
But that character became a TV type .
Osmond 's son Eric told The Hollywood Reporter that his father died .
`` He was an incredibly kind and wonderful father , '' his son said in a statement Monday .
`` He had his family gathered around him when he passed .
He was loved @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Ken Osmond began playing Eddie Haskell as a 14-year-old in 1957 .
Eddie was a friend to Wally Cleaver ( Tony Dow ) , the older brother of Theodore `` Beaver '' Cleaver ( Jerry Mathers ) .
Eddie visited the Cleavers ' perfect upper-middle-class home in nearly half the series ' 234 episodes .
He was unfailingly polite to the adults : `` Good morning , Mrs. Cleaver , that 's a very pretty dress ! ''
he would say to June , the boy 's mother .
Then he would go @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and be mean .
In one episode , he taught Beaver unknowingly to say a phrase in Spanish : `` Usted tiene una cara como un puerco . ''
In English : `` You have a face like a pig . ''
June Cleaver ( Barbara Billingsley ) never really bought Eddie 's act .
`` I just do n't trust a 13-year-old boy that 's that polite , '' she told her husband , Ward ( Hugh Beaumont ) .
In 1983 , Osmond returned to play an adult Eddie Haskell in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Osmond also made a number of guest appearances on other TV shows such as The Munsters and Happy Days , but he was typecast .
He stayed popular as the actor who played the two-faced suck-up Eddie for decades thanks to reruns and fan events .
In real life , Osmond became a motorcycle officer with the Los Angeles Police Department .
In 2014 , he co-wrote Eddie : The Life and Times of America 's Preeminent Bad Boy , a memoir .
In the forward , Mathers wrote that Osmond was nothing @ @ @ @ @ @ @ everyone knows an 'Eddie Haskell ' and that 's why the character is so easily recognized and remembered . ''
Mathers tweeted on Monday that Osmond was a lifelong friend and the best actor on the show .

Ken Osmond Dies At 76, Played Two-Faced Eddie Haskell On 'Leave It To Beaver'
Enlarge this image toggle caption Richard Shotwell/Invision/AP Richard Shotwell/Invision/AP
Ken Osmond was a character actor known, really, for one character. He played Eddie Haskell on the 1950s and '60s TV sitcom Leave It to Beaver. But that character became a TV type.
Osmond's son Eric told The Hollywood Reporter that his father died. "He was an incredibly kind and wonderful father," his son said in a statement Monday. "He had his family gathered around him when he passed. He was loved and will be very missed."
Ken Osmond began playing Eddie Haskell as a 14-year-old in 1957. Eddie was a friend to Wally Cleaver (Tony Dow), the older brother of Theodore "Beaver" Cleaver (Jerry Mathers). Eddie visited the Cleavers' perfect upper-middle-class home in nearly half the series' 234 episodes. He was unfailingly polite to the adults: "Good morning, Mrs. Cleaver, that's a very pretty dress!" he would say to June, the boy's mother. Then he would go upstairs to Wally and Beaver's room and be mean. In one episode, he taught Beaver unknowingly to say a phrase in Spanish: "Usted tiene una cara como un puerco." In English: "You have a face like a pig."
June Cleaver (Barbara Billingsley) never really bought Eddie's act. "I just don't trust a 13-year-old boy that's that polite," she told her husband, Ward (Hugh Beaumont).
In 1983, Osmond returned to play an adult Eddie Haskell in an updated Leave It to Beaver. Osmond also made a number of guest appearances on other TV shows such as The Munsters and Happy Days, but he was typecast. He stayed popular as the actor who played the two-faced suck-up Eddie for decades thanks to reruns and fan events.
In real life, Osmond became a motorcycle officer with the Los Angeles Police Department.
In 2014, he co-wrote Eddie: The Life and Times of America's Preeminent Bad Boy, a memoir. In the forward, Mathers wrote that Osmond was nothing like his character, but that "everyone knows an 'Eddie Haskell' and that's why the character is so easily recognized and remembered."
Mathers tweeted on Monday that Osmond was a lifelong friend and the best actor on the show.


npr--2020-05-18--Doctors In Training Learn Hard Lessons During The Pandemic

Doctors In Training Learn Hard Lessons During The Pandemic The coronavirus is leaving a lasting impression on a generation of young doctors .
In the U.S. , there are some 130,000 medical residents — doctors in their final years of training after medical school — who make up a vital part of the workforce .
Now a global pandemic has become the centerpiece of their training .
Many are pulling long hours in emergency departments and intensive care units treating patients infected with the coronavirus , all while witnessing the health care system under unprecedented stress .
Their schedules are @ @ @ @ @ @ @ distance .
And some of the hallmarks of their clinical training suddenly feel tenuous .
Many recognize the pandemic as a formative moment , both for health care and their own careers .
Some say it 's also magnifying existing concerns about labor and mental health among doctors in training .
Before the coronavirus crisis , Dr. David Lin , a second-year medical resident at the Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City , felt comfortable working in the intensive care unit .
Lin already knew how to manage a patient on a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , what to do if the person 's kidneys needed help .
So much changed for him the day that coronavirus patients first streamed into his hospital , though .
`` Every person that rolled in : tubed , unstable , respiratory failure , COVID ... anyone , young , old , '' he says .
`` It was just a deluge . ''
From then on , Lin was treating these critically ill patients all the time , week after week , as New York City hospitals saw a crush of coronavirus @ @ @ @ @ @ @ soon discovered that some of the clinical know-how he had accumulated over years of training no longer applied in the same way to COVID-19 .
Instead of improving , patients would linger in the ICU for weeks , their recovery uncertain .
`` You are trying to do something , and nothing is working , '' he says .
`` Now whenever I see someone intubated , you just know , 'Oh my God , they are probably going to die . '
`` Day after day , Lin had the unsettling experience @ @ @ @ @ @ @ his efforts to help patients actually made a difference .
`` It has just been incredibly disheartening , '' he says .
Another challenge is that even Lin 's attending physicians — the seasoned doctors who train him — do n't have all the answers either .
`` These leaders in critical care who I respect so much , they 're telling me like , 'We do n't know , ' `` he says .
`` That 's terrifying . ''
`` It reminds you there are always going to be things in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ '' Lin says .
In Baltimore , Dr. Martha Frances Brucato , a second-year resident in pediatrics and internal medicine , says much of her education has emphasized that family members should be closely involved in a patient 's care .
But now hospitals generally bar visitors because the coronavirus is so contagious .
`` The really hard part of our jobs right now is how alone our patients are by necessity , '' she says .
The pace is different too .
She ca n't rush to a patient 's bedside without @ @ @ @ @ @ @ : `` That immediacy is such a part and parcel of ICU care , typically . ''
For many residents , the risk to their own health has never felt so immediate either .
Before working in the ICU with COVID-19 patients , Brucato made sure to remind her husband of her own medical wishes .
`` Remember that I have a living will , '' she told him .
`` I would want to be ventilated as long as there was a chance for meaningful recovery . ''
That does not mean @ @ @ @ @ @ @ lines of the pandemic .
In fact , she volunteered for the assignment .
Dr. Brendan McEvoy , an emergency medicine resident in Chicago , also jumped at the chance to work on COVID-19 in the ICU .
Then he caught the virus .
`` There were a lot of people that were very concerned for me , '' he says .
It was nerve-wracking initially , he says , because he had seen otherwise healthy young people on ventilators during his shifts .
Soon after his recovery , he was put on @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
`` I hope we are going to look back at this like , 'How were we all not better prepared ? '
`` For some residents , the pandemic is amplifying long-standing concerns about working conditions .
`` It is really bringing to light a lot of the ways that residents have been mistreated for years , '' says Dr. Amy Plasencia , executive vice president of the Committee of Interns and Residents , a union representing more than 17,000 doctors in training .
Before the pandemic , the Committee of Interns @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of rights that focused on better pay , sick-time policies and other protections for residents .
`` Now is the time that we most need those protections , '' says Plasencia , a resident at a hospital in Brooklyn , N.Y. `` Because residents are really at the forefront doing so much of this work , they are in very large numbers becoming ill. '' Generally , residents are reluctant to speak publicly out of concern that doing so could jeopardize their job and professional future .
Since the pandemic began , more @ @ @ @ @ @ @ concerns about working conditions .
Medical residency is essentially a prolonged apprenticeship that generally stretches from three to seven years .
Residents are expected to put in long hours as part of their education .
The average salary is about $ 60,000 per year .
At the University of Washington , the union representing doctors in training is wrestling over a contract with the hospital system in an effort to get better pay and benefits .
`` People ca n't work 80 hours a week , see really horrible things all day [ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ health care , without having some sort of burnout , '' says Dr. Zoe Sansted , who is vice president of the University of Washington Housestaff Association .
Sansted , a family medicine resident in her third year , was assigned to work in the ICU as the pandemic spread in Seattle .
She says many residents are eager to work extra hours and be on the front line .
`` These are wonderful instincts , '' she says .
`` Doctors are obsessed with professionalism , but it 's also ripe for @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Dr. Murad Khan was already a bit nervous about his internal medicine rotation .
Khan is a psychiatry resident in his first year , known as an internship , at Yale New Haven Hospital .
Suddenly his rotation coincided with a surge of COVID-19 patients .
Rules were changing constantly .
At first , he says , it was n't clear what residents would be asked to do or whether there would be enough personal protective equipment .
`` Initially , things were pretty frantic , '' Khan says .
`` I actually @ @ @ @ @ @ @ weeks having a hard time sleeping before going into work . ''
Khan says he found himself on edge , concerned that a COVID-19 patient would crash and he would n't know how to respond .
`` There is something traumatic just about not knowing how sick a patient might get at any moment , '' he says .
Khan is much more comfortable working with coronavirus-infected patients since those early days of the pandemic in Connecticut .
But he recognizes the psychological toll of caring for these sick patients , often being @ @ @ @ @ @ @ families .
`` You are having these conversations on a regular basis .
Do we want to focus on comfort care ?
Or do we want to focus on trying to make them live more ? ''
he says .
Khan says the coronavirus has only underscored existing problems in American health care , from racial health disparities to the demands placed on medical residents .
`` There was already an issue around how much residents work and how much they are supervised and whether or not that 's good for their mental @ @ @ @ @ @ @ That 's even worse now . ''
For many residents , the legacy of the coronavirus may be the emotional weight of so much unmitigated loss .
Dr. Max Lazarus , a resident at a hospital on Long Island , N.Y. , went into emergency medicine exactly so he could respond to crises .
He remembers pushing stretchers around the lobby of Bellevue Hospital as a volunteer in the emergency room during Hurricane Sandy .
`` This is what I signed up for , '' he says .
`` It forces you to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ n't think anything else could . ''
But Lazarus says nothing could fully prepare him to watch patients call their family members before going on a ventilator .
`` You tell them that hopefully they will wake up but there is a chance they may not , '' he says .
`` It 's not the way anyone should die , alone on a ventilator . ''
Lazarus , 29 , still thinks about two patients he treated early in the pandemic — one was a bit younger than he is , the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ they died , '' he says .
`` They really stick out . ''
This story was produced in partnership with Kaiser Health News , a nonprofit , editorially independent program of the Kaiser Family Foundation .

Doctors In Training Learn Hard Lessons During The Pandemic
Enlarge this image toggle caption Max Lazarus Max Lazarus
The coronavirus is leaving a lasting impression on a generation of young doctors.
In the U.S., there are some 130,000 medical residents — doctors in their final years of training after medical school — who make up a vital part of the workforce.
Now a global pandemic has become the centerpiece of their training.
Many are pulling long hours in emergency departments and intensive care units treating patients infected with the coronavirus, all while witnessing the health care system under unprecedented stress.
Their schedules are transformed. Family members must keep their distance. And some of the hallmarks of their clinical training suddenly feel tenuous.
Many recognize the pandemic as a formative moment, both for health care and their own careers. Some say it's also magnifying existing concerns about labor and mental health among doctors in training.
'Nothing is working'
Before the coronavirus crisis, Dr. David Lin, a second-year medical resident at the Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City, felt comfortable working in the intensive care unit.
Lin already knew how to manage a patient on a ventilator, when to adjust the settings, what to do if the person's kidneys needed help.
So much changed for him the day that coronavirus patients first streamed into his hospital, though.
"Every person that rolled in: tubed, unstable, respiratory failure, COVID ... anyone, young, old," he says. "It was just a deluge."
From then on, Lin was treating these critically ill patients all the time, week after week, as New York City hospitals saw a crush of coronavirus patients in March and April.
Lin soon discovered that some of the clinical know-how he had accumulated over years of training no longer applied in the same way to COVID-19. Instead of improving, patients would linger in the ICU for weeks, their recovery uncertain.
"You are trying to do something, and nothing is working," he says. "Now whenever I see someone intubated, you just know, 'Oh my God, they are probably going to die.' "
Day after day, Lin had the unsettling experience of leaving the hospital unsure of whether his efforts to help patients actually made a difference. "It has just been incredibly disheartening," he says.
Another challenge is that even Lin's attending physicians — the seasoned doctors who train him — don't have all the answers either.
"These leaders in critical care who I respect so much, they're telling me like, 'We don't know,' " he says. "That's terrifying."
"It reminds you there are always going to be things in medicine that you will never know," Lin says.
In Baltimore, Dr. Martha Frances Brucato, a second-year resident in pediatrics and internal medicine, says much of her education has emphasized that family members should be closely involved in a patient's care. But now hospitals generally bar visitors because the coronavirus is so contagious.
toggle caption Martha Frances Brucato
"The really hard part of our jobs right now is how alone our patients are by necessity," she says.
The pace is different too. She can't rush to a patient's bedside without first putting on layers of protective gear: "That immediacy is such a part and parcel of ICU care, typically."
For many residents, the risk to their own health has never felt so immediate either.
Before working in the ICU with COVID-19 patients, Brucato made sure to remind her husband of her own medical wishes.
"Remember that I have a living will," she told him. "I would want to be ventilated as long as there was a chance for meaningful recovery."
That does not mean Brucato hesitated to be on the front lines of the pandemic.
In fact, she volunteered for the assignment.
Dr. Brendan McEvoy, an emergency medicine resident in Chicago, also jumped at the chance to work on COVID-19 in the ICU.
Then he caught the virus.
"There were a lot of people that were very concerned for me," he says.
It was nerve-wracking initially, he says, because he had seen otherwise healthy young people on ventilators during his shifts.
Soon after his recovery, he was put on a dedicated intubation team in the hospital.
"I hope we are going to look back at this like, 'How were we all not better prepared?' "
Pandemic magnifies labor concerns
For some residents, the pandemic is amplifying long-standing concerns about working conditions.
"It is really bringing to light a lot of the ways that residents have been mistreated for years," says Dr. Amy Plasencia, executive vice president of the Committee of Interns and Residents, a union representing more than 17,000 doctors in training.
Before the pandemic, the Committee of Interns and Residents was pushing for a bill of rights that focused on better pay, sick-time policies and other protections for residents.
"Now is the time that we most need those protections," says Plasencia, a resident at a hospital in Brooklyn, N.Y. "Because residents are really at the forefront doing so much of this work, they are in very large numbers becoming ill."
Generally, residents are reluctant to speak publicly out of concern that doing so could jeopardize their job and professional future. Since the pandemic began, more are taking to social media to air concerns about working conditions.
Medical residency is essentially a prolonged apprenticeship that generally stretches from three to seven years. Residents are expected to put in long hours as part of their education. The average salary is about $60,000 per year.
At the University of Washington, the union representing doctors in training is wrestling over a contract with the hospital system in an effort to get better pay and benefits.
"People can't work 80 hours a week, see really horrible things all day [and] not have access to mental health care, without having some sort of burnout," says Dr. Zoe Sansted, who is vice president of the University of Washington Housestaff Association.
Sansted, a family medicine resident in her third year, was assigned to work in the ICU as the pandemic spread in Seattle.
She says many residents are eager to work extra hours and be on the front line.
"These are wonderful instincts," she says. "Doctors are obsessed with professionalism, but it's also ripe for exploitation."
COVID-19 takes emotional toll
Before the pandemic, Dr. Murad Khan was already a bit nervous about his internal medicine rotation.
Khan is a psychiatry resident in his first year, known as an internship, at Yale New Haven Hospital. Suddenly his rotation coincided with a surge of COVID-19 patients.
Rules were changing constantly. At first, he says, it wasn't clear what residents would be asked to do or whether there would be enough personal protective equipment.
toggle caption Yvonne Uyanwune
"Initially, things were pretty frantic," Khan says. "I actually spent a lot of the first couple weeks having a hard time sleeping before going into work."
Khan says he found himself on edge, concerned that a COVID-19 patient would crash and he wouldn't know how to respond.
"There is something traumatic just about not knowing how sick a patient might get at any moment," he says.
Khan is much more comfortable working with coronavirus-infected patients since those early days of the pandemic in Connecticut. But he recognizes the psychological toll of caring for these sick patients, often being the only connection between them and their families.
"You are having these conversations on a regular basis. Do we want to focus on comfort care? Or do we want to focus on trying to make them live more?" he says.
Khan says the coronavirus has only underscored existing problems in American health care, from racial health disparities to the demands placed on medical residents.
"There was already an issue around how much residents work and how much they are supervised and whether or not that's good for their mental health," he says. "That's even worse now."
For many residents, the legacy of the coronavirus may be the emotional weight of so much unmitigated loss.
Dr. Max Lazarus, a resident at a hospital on Long Island, N.Y., went into emergency medicine exactly so he could respond to crises.
He remembers pushing stretchers around the lobby of Bellevue Hospital as a volunteer in the emergency room during Hurricane Sandy.
"This is what I signed up for," he says. "It forces you to grow in a way that I don't think anything else could."
toggle caption Max Lazarus
But Lazarus says nothing could fully prepare him to watch patients call their family members before going on a ventilator.
"You tell them that hopefully they will wake up but there is a chance they may not," he says. "It's not the way anyone should die, alone on a ventilator."
Lazarus, 29, still thinks about two patients he treated early in the pandemic — one was a bit younger than he is, the other a bit older.
"And they died," he says. "They really stick out."
This story comes from NPR's reporting partnership with Kaiser Health News.


npr--2020-05-18--READ: Mnuchin, Fed Chair Powell Testimony On Coronavirus Relief

Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin and Jerome Powell , chair of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors , will remotely address the Senate Banking Committee on Tuesday regarding the disbursement of hundreds of billions of dollars in coronavirus relief aid .
In written testimony released on Monday ( below ) , Powell described the pandemic as having caused `` a level of pain that is hard to capture in words . ''
He added : `` As a society , we should do everything we can to provide relief to those who are suffering for the public good . ''
Powell @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to meet the Fed on its historic lending , and to expand relief funding to Americans .
So far , Congress has passed an unprecedented $ 3 trillion in aid to temper the economic blow from the crisis .
The Democratic-led U.S. House last week approved $ 3 trillion in additional relief , including nearly $ 1 trillion for state , local and tribal governments , and hazard pay for essential workers and families .
Republicans have called the measure a Democratic wish list , and the White House has issued a veto @ @ @ @ @ @ @ after a congressional oversight panel released its first report outlining its supervision of lending programs .
The report found that the Treasury has not yet paid out any of the $ 46 billion earmarked for businesses of national security and the U.S. airline industry , which has faced particular devastation during the pandemic .

READ: Mnuchin, Fed Chair Powell Testimony On Coronavirus Relief
Enlarge this image toggle caption Jabin Botsford/The Washington Post via Getty Images Jabin Botsford/The Washington Post via Getty Images
Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin and Jerome Powell, chair of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors, will remotely address the Senate Banking Committee on Tuesday regarding the disbursement of hundreds of billions of dollars in coronavirus relief aid.
In written testimony released on Monday (below), Powell described the pandemic as having caused "a level of pain that is hard to capture in words."
He added: "As a society, we should do everything we can to provide relief to those who are suffering for the public good."
Powell has called on Congress to do more to meet the Fed on its historic lending, and to expand relief funding to Americans. So far, Congress has passed an unprecedented $3 trillion in aid to temper the economic blow from the crisis.
The Democratic-led U.S. House last week approved $3 trillion in additional relief, including nearly $1 trillion for state, local and tribal governments, and hazard pay for essential workers and families. Republicans have called the measure a Democratic wish list, and the White House has issued a veto threat.
The testimony comes a day after a congressional oversight panel released its first report outlining its supervision of lending programs. The report found that the Treasury has not yet paid out any of the $46 billion earmarked for businesses of national security and the U.S. airline industry, which has faced particular devastation during the pandemic.
Read Chairman Powell's testimony.
Read Secretary Mnuchin's testimony.


npr--2020-05-18--No More Watercooler Talk And Other Ways Offices Will Adapt To The Pandemic

No More Watercooler Talk And Other Ways Offices Will Adapt To The Pandemic As stay-at-home orders across the U.S. begin to loosen , companies are planning for their employees ' return to the office .
For months , millions worked from home , raising the question of whether physical offices are even necessary .
Nabil Sabet thinks so .
The group director at M Moser Associates , a firm that specializes in workplace design , says there is more to the office than just cubicles and conference rooms .
`` There 's a human and intrinsic need for us to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , we 've all felt it .
We all miss our friends , '' he tells NPR 's Ailsa Chang on All Things Considered .
`` This is the human need that 's part of us .
We need to bring that , obviously , back in some form in the near future . ''
But going forward , offices will look and feel different , Sabet says , transformed by the coronavirus health emergency .
Here are excerpts from the interview .
As people go back into the office , tell us @ @ @ @ @ @ @ different .
In the short term , there 'll be several measures that are taken to include everyone 's safety — things like physical distancing still being maintained in the office , shifting from having everyone there at once to possibly having shifts or teams coming one at a time .
And then even looking at adjustments to the physical space — air conditioning , the way we come in , the flow through the space — all these measures that can be taken very quickly to make the space safe .
What @ @ @ @ @ @ @ like meeting rooms or kitchenettes ?
How are offices going to manage those areas ?
Those areas in the interim are going to be largely decommissioned or used at their lowest possible functional abilities .
So things like meeting rooms , really limiting the number of people in those rooms , adding things like purification and sterilization in the space to make sure that people in the space are safe and able to do their job properly .
...
Things like pantries and kitchenettes that , at one point , had lots of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ eating in the open — these functions will likely be stopped for the interim and then slowly be added on .
Are there any bigger-picture , long-term changes employers might make ?
I definitely think the open-plan workspace needs to be reconsidered .
It 's a conversation that actually started before COVID-19 and looking at how effective are those spaces for the different behaviors and needs of people in the office space .
...
There are some conversations about , will the future be full of cubicles or in closed rooms ?
But @ @ @ @ @ @ @ that the purpose of the office is very clear now .
The purpose of us getting out of our house , taking public transit , taking that risk really needs to be that the office space is going to provide something that will enhance my work life .
Listen to the full interview at the audio link above .

No More Watercooler Talk And Other Ways Offices Will Adapt To The Pandemic
Enlarge this image toggle caption Shannon Fagan/Getty Images Shannon Fagan/Getty Images
As stay-at-home orders across the U.S. begin to loosen, companies are planning for their employees' return to the office. For months, millions worked from home, raising the question of whether physical offices are even necessary.
Nabil Sabet thinks so. The group director at M Moser Associates, a firm that specializes in workplace design, says there is more to the office than just cubicles and conference rooms.
"There's a human and intrinsic need for us to connect. In the last eight weeks, we've all felt it. We all miss our friends," he tells NPR's Ailsa Chang on All Things Considered. "This is the human need that's part of us. We need to bring that, obviously, back in some form in the near future."
But going forward, offices will look and feel different, Sabet says, transformed by the coronavirus health emergency.
Here are excerpts from the interview.
As people go back into the office, tell us what you think is going to be different.
In the short term, there'll be several measures that are taken to include everyone's safety — things like physical distancing still being maintained in the office, shifting from having everyone there at once to possibly having shifts or teams coming one at a time. And then even looking at adjustments to the physical space — air conditioning, the way we come in, the flow through the space — all these measures that can be taken very quickly to make the space safe.
What about common areas in the office, like meeting rooms or kitchenettes? How are offices going to manage those areas?
Those areas in the interim are going to be largely decommissioned or used at their lowest possible functional abilities. So things like meeting rooms, really limiting the number of people in those rooms, adding things like purification and sterilization in the space to make sure that people in the space are safe and able to do their job properly. ... Things like pantries and kitchenettes that, at one point, had lots of food coming in, heating up and eating in the open — these functions will likely be stopped for the interim and then slowly be added on.
Are there any bigger-picture, long-term changes employers might make?
I definitely think the open-plan workspace needs to be reconsidered. It's a conversation that actually started before COVID-19 and looking at how effective are those spaces for the different behaviors and needs of people in the office space. ... There are some conversations about, will the future be full of cubicles or in closed rooms? But I think it's important to remember that the purpose of the office is very clear now. The purpose of us getting out of our house, taking public transit, taking that risk really needs to be that the office space is going to provide something that will enhance my work life.
Listen to the full interview at the audio link above.


npr--2020-05-18--Despite FDA Caution, Trump Says He Is Taking Hydroxychloroquine As A Preventive

Despite FDA Caution , Trump Says He Is Taking Hydroxychloroquine As A Preventive President Trump on Monday revealed to reporters that he has been taking hydroxychloroquine and zinc to protect against the coronavirus .
`` I was just waiting to see your eyes light up when I said this , '' the president told reporters , volunteering the information at the end of a roundtable with restaurant owners .
Trump said he asked his doctor about taking it after hearing from people who had done so .
`` Here 's my evidence — I get a lot of positive calls @ @ @ @ @ @ @ `` I 've taken it for about a week and a half now .
And I 'm still here , '' he said .
The president said that he had asked the White House physician about it and that he did not start taking it in response to a specific exposure .
Trump has been promoting the drug , used to treat malaria and lupus , in briefings and on Twitter .
The drug 's impact on the virus is being studied , but there is no definitive evidence yet from clinical trials @ @ @ @ @ @ @ about side effects , including from the Food and Drug Administration .
Medical experts have urged caution around the drug , and last month the FDA strongly warned against using hydroxychloroquine without medical supervision , such as in a hospital or as part of a clinical trial .
Although researchers have been skeptical of hydroxychloroquine 's role in treating COVID-19 , there is more enthusiasm about its potential to prevent infection .
That 's because multiple studies have shown that the drug can prevent coronavirus replication .
Two such studies are currently underway @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and physicians at the University of Minnesota and will involve 1,500 volunteers at high risk for contracting COVID-19 , either because they are health care workers or live with someone who has the disease .
The study is actively recruiting high-risk health care workers and first responders from around the United States .
That study began clinical trials on April 6 to determine whether hydroxychloroquine is effective at preventing infection from SARS-CoV-2 , the virus that causes the disease COVID-19 .
The other is a multicenter study led by Duke University that is @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
It aims to enroll 15,000 volunteers .
Neither study has released any results .
Dr. David R. Boulware , a medical professor who launched the University of Minnesota study , said there is no data showing that using hydroxychloroquine as a preexposure prophylaxis is effective .
`` It may be .
It may not be .
We do not know , '' he told NPR .
`` The only way I would recommend taking hydroxychloroquine is within a clinical trial , '' he said .

Despite FDA Caution, Trump Says He Is Taking Hydroxychloroquine As A Preventive
Enlarge this image toggle caption Brendan Smialowski/AFP via Getty Images Brendan Smialowski/AFP via Getty Images
Updated at 10:20 p.m. ET
President Trump on Monday revealed to reporters that he has been taking hydroxychloroquine and zinc to protect against the coronavirus.
"I was just waiting to see your eyes light up when I said this," the president told reporters, volunteering the information at the end of a roundtable with restaurant owners.
Trump said he asked his doctor about taking it after hearing from people who had done so. "Here's my evidence — I get a lot of positive calls about it," he said.
"I've taken it for about a week and a half now. And I'm still here," he said.
White House physician Sean P. Conley said Monday evening that "after numerous discussions he and I had regarding the evidence for and against the use of hydroxychloroquine, we concluded the potential benefit from treatment outweighed the relative risks." A statement from Conley also referenced a recent positive case of the coronavirus in the president's inner circle.
Trump has been promoting the drug, used to treat malaria and lupus, in briefings and on Twitter. The drug's impact on the virus is being studied, but there is no definitive evidence yet from clinical trials — and there have been some warnings about side effects, including from the Food and Drug Administration.
Medical experts have urged caution around the drug, and last month the FDA strongly warned against using hydroxychloroquine without medical supervision, such as in a hospital or as part of a clinical trial.
Although researchers have been skeptical of hydroxychloroquine's role in treating COVID-19, there is more enthusiasm about its potential to prevent infection. That's because multiple studies have shown that the drug can prevent coronavirus replication.
Two such studies are currently underway.
One is being conducted by scientists and physicians at the University of Minnesota and will involve 1,500 volunteers at high risk for contracting COVID-19, either because they are health care workers or live with someone who has the disease. The study is actively recruiting high-risk health care workers and first responders from around the United States.
That study began clinical trials on April 6 to determine whether hydroxychloroquine is effective at preventing infection from SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes the disease COVID-19.
The other is a multicenter study led by Duke University that is also aimed primarily at health care workers. It aims to enroll 15,000 volunteers.
Neither study has released any results.
Dr. David R. Boulware, a medical professor who launched the University of Minnesota study, said there is no data showing that using hydroxychloroquine as a preexposure prophylaxis is effective.
"It may be. It may not be. We do not know," he told NPR.
"The only way I would recommend taking hydroxychloroquine is within a clinical trial," he said.


npr--2020-05-18--Health Care Aide Charged After Allegedly Refusing To Self-Isolate; Patient, 80, Dies

A home health aide in New Jersey accused of failing to self-isolate after undergoing a coronavirus screening is facing criminal charges after five people in a household where she worked tested positive for the coronavirus .
An 80-year-old female patient ultimately died from COVID-19 complications , state officials said .
Josefina Brito-Fernandez , 49 , is facing five charges of endangering the welfare of others , according to a complaint filed by Camden County , N.J. , prosecutors .
Brito-Fernandez got tested April 16 for the coronavirus after feeling under the weather .
She did not disclose these details to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , New Jersey authorities said .
A statement by the state attorney general and New Jersey State Police said , `` Once she was tested , Brito-Hernandez was told to self-isolate — even before her results came back — because she had been in contact with someone who was suspected to be positive for COVID-19 ( and who ultimately was found to be positive ) . ''
The next day she returned to the home where part of her role was to take care of `` an elderly and sick female patient , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the next few days , '' the complaint continued , `` defendant 's patient contracted the COVID-19 virus and became hospitalized , ultimately succumbing to the virus and dying .
Additionally , ( four ) other victims who live with the deceased victim became ill. '' The complaint went on to suggest Brito-Fernandez understood the risks she was taking by continuing to work .
She received literature , in both English and Spanish , according to the complaint , though she said she did not read the information .
She reportedly told detectives @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a serious illness , and that the elderly are at an increased risk of severe illness , '' including her patient .
It is unclear if Brito-Fernandez tested positive for the coronavirus .
The Camden County prosecutor 's office declined to confirm her status , citing privacy laws .
The statement from the New Jersey authorities said Brito-Fernandez `` went to work on April 17 as usual and did not wear a face mask or any other personal protective equipment . ''
The statement added that the aide could be seen in-home surveillance @ @ @ @ @ @ @ as giving her a sponge bath and taking vital signs .
Brito-Fernandez has not been arrested , and no court date has been set , officials said .
The next steps include a pre-indictment conference , and if no resolution is reached , prosecutors will present evidence to a grand jury .
The spread of the coronavirus has wreaked havoc in New Jersey .
As of Monday afternoon , the state 's Department of Health reported more than 148,000 confirmed cases and in excess of 10,000 deaths .

Health Care Aide Charged After Allegedly Refusing To Self-Isolate; Patient, 80, Dies
A home health aide in New Jersey accused of failing to self-isolate after undergoing a coronavirus screening is facing criminal charges after five people in a household where she worked tested positive for the coronavirus.
An 80-year-old female patient ultimately died from COVID-19 complications, state officials said.
Josefina Brito-Fernandez, 49, is facing five charges of endangering the welfare of others, according to a complaint filed by Camden County, N.J., prosecutors.
Brito-Fernandez got tested April 16 for the coronavirus after feeling under the weather. She did not disclose these details to her patient or the patient's family, New Jersey authorities said.
A statement by the state attorney general and New Jersey State Police said, "Once she was tested, Brito-Hernandez was told to self-isolate — even before her results came back — because she had been in contact with someone who was suspected to be positive for COVID-19 (and who ultimately was found to be positive)."
The next day she returned to the home where part of her role was to take care of "an elderly and sick female patient," the complaint said.
"Over the next few days," the complaint continued, "defendant's patient contracted the COVID-19 virus and became hospitalized, ultimately succumbing to the virus and dying. Additionally, (four) other victims who live with the deceased victim became ill."
The complaint went on to suggest Brito-Fernandez understood the risks she was taking by continuing to work. She received literature, in both English and Spanish, according to the complaint, though she said she did not read the information.
She reportedly told detectives "that she understood that COVID-19 was a serious illness, and that the elderly are at an increased risk of severe illness," including her patient.
It is unclear if Brito-Fernandez tested positive for the coronavirus. The Camden County prosecutor's office declined to confirm her status, citing privacy laws.
The statement from the New Jersey authorities said Brito-Fernandez "went to work on April 17 as usual and did not wear a face mask or any other personal protective equipment."
The statement added that the aide could be seen in-home surveillance video, feeding her patient as well as giving her a sponge bath and taking vital signs.
Brito-Fernandez has not been arrested, and no court date has been set, officials said.
The next steps include a pre-indictment conference, and if no resolution is reached, prosecutors will present evidence to a grand jury.
The spread of the coronavirus has wreaked havoc in New Jersey. As of Monday afternoon, the state's Department of Health reported more than 148,000 confirmed cases and in excess of 10,000 deaths.
Read the complaint here:


npr--2020-05-18--FBI: New iPhone Evidence Shows Pensacola Shooter Had Ties To Al-Qaida

FBI : New iPhone Evidence Shows Pensacola Shooter Had Ties To Al-Qaida During his rampage last December at a U.S. military base in Florida , the shooter paused to try to destroy his iPhone — a sign , authorities said , that the device held important clues .
The problem was , the FBI did n't have the password — not for that phone or a second , badly damaged one found later .
And Apple would n't unlock them .
The case quickly became part of a thorny , longstanding dispute that pits the requests of federal investigators against @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of millions of Apple customers .
More than four months later , U.S. authorities said Monday that they had cracked into the iPhones — without Apple 's help — and had uncovered new evidence of the shooter 's links to Al-Qaida 's branch in Yemen .
At a joint news conference , Attorney General William Barr and FBI Director Christopher Wray said their investigation was hampered by not having access to the phones earlier , and that the workaround in the Pensacola case was a one-off that did n't solve the impasse with @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , '' Wray said .
`` Unfortunately , the technique that we developed is not a fix for our broader Apple problem .
It 's of pretty limited application .
But it has made a huge difference in this investigation . ''
Wray said investigators recovered a trove of evidence from the phones belonging to 2nd Lt. Mohammed Saeed Alshamrani , a 21-year-old Saudi Air Force cadet who was part of a training program at Naval Air Station Pensacola .
Wray said the information is helping authorities understand the scope of the gunman @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Peninsula , the terrorist group 's affiliate in Yemen .
He described the connections as significant but stopped short of saying the group `` directed '' the attack .
`` It is certainly more than just inspired , '' Wray said .
`` We know , for example , that he was sharing plans and tactics with them .
We know that he was coordinating with them and providing an opportunity for them to take credit . ''
Wray said Alshamrani was radicalized as far back as 2015 and stayed in touch with @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
He said Alshamrani was a `` meticulous '' planner — the cadet took video while `` casing '' buildings on base in preparation for the attack , which killed three sailors and wounded eight other people .
Authorities say Alshamrani wrote a will that he shared with Al-Qaida associates so that they could claim credit .
Weeks after the attack , the leader of Al-Qaida in the Arabian Peninsula released an audiotape saying the group had directed the attack ; the group had a copy of the will and purported correspondence with @ @ @ @ @ @ @ how investigators finally got into the phones .
But they said the technique was no substitute for better cooperation from Apple .
`` Apple 's decision has dangerous consequences for public safety and national security and is , in my judgment , unacceptable , '' Barr said .
Apple has previously disputed the Justice Department 's claims , saying in a statement in January that it had turned over `` many gigabytes '' of information related to the Pensacola shooter .
Apple said authorities waited a month after the attack before contacting the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ phone and the FBI 's inability to access either of the two devices .
`` We have always maintained there is no such thing as a backdoor just for the good guys .
Backdoors can also be exploited by those who threaten our national security and the data security of our customers , '' Apple said in the statement .
`` Today , law enforcement has access to more data than ever before in history , so Americans do not have to choose between weakening encryption and solving investigations . ''
Civil liberties @ @ @ @ @ @ @ stance note that this is n't the first time authorities have broken into devices after Apple refused to budge .
The ACLU — American Civil Liberties Union — issued a statement saying the innovations show that federal agencies do n't need the `` backdoor '' they 've asked tech companies to engineer for years .
`` Every time there 's a traumatic event requiring investigation into digital devices , '' said the ACLU 's Brett Max Kaufman , `` the Justice Department loudly claims that it needs backdoors to encryption and then quietly @ @ @ @ @ @ @ access information without threatening the security and privacy of the entire world . ''

FBI: New iPhone Evidence Shows Pensacola Shooter Had Ties To Al-Qaida
Enlarge this image Alastair Pike /AFP via Getty Images Alastair Pike /AFP via Getty Images
Updated at 9:26 p.m. ET
During his rampage last December at a U.S. military base in Florida, the shooter paused to try to destroy his iPhone — a sign, authorities said, that the device held important clues.
The problem was, the FBI didn't have the password — not for that phone or a second, badly damaged one found later. And Apple wouldn't unlock them. The case quickly became part of a thorny, longstanding dispute that pits the requests of federal investigators against the privacy and security expectations of hundreds of millions of Apple customers.
More than four months later, U.S. authorities said Monday that they had cracked into the iPhones — without Apple's help — and had uncovered new evidence of the shooter's links to Al-Qaida's branch in Yemen. At a joint news conference, Attorney General William Barr and FBI Director Christopher Wray said their investigation was hampered by not having access to the phones earlier, and that the workaround in the Pensacola case was a one-off that didn't solve the impasse with Apple.
"We did it ourselves," Wray said. "Unfortunately, the technique that we developed is not a fix for our broader Apple problem. It's of pretty limited application. But it has made a huge difference in this investigation."
Wray said investigators recovered a trove of evidence from the phones belonging to 2nd Lt. Mohammed Saeed Alshamrani, a 21-year-old Saudi Air Force cadet who was part of a training program at Naval Air Station Pensacola.
Wray said the information is helping authorities understand the scope of the gunman's ties to Al-Qaida in the Arabian Peninsula, the terrorist group's affiliate in Yemen. He described the connections as significant but stopped short of saying the group "directed" the attack.
"It is certainly more than just inspired," Wray said. "We know, for example, that he was sharing plans and tactics with them. We know that he was coordinating with them and providing an opportunity for them to take credit."
Wray said Alshamrani was radicalized as far back as 2015 and stayed in touch with militants after moving to the United States. He said Alshamrani was a "meticulous" planner — the cadet took video while "casing" buildings on base in preparation for the attack, which killed three sailors and wounded eight other people.
Authorities say Alshamrani wrote a will that he shared with Al-Qaida associates so that they could claim credit. Weeks after the attack, the leader of Al-Qaida in the Arabian Peninsula released an audiotape saying the group had directed the attack; the group had a copy of the will and purported correspondence with Alshamrani.
Neither Wray nor Barr detailed how investigators finally got into the phones. But they said the technique was no substitute for better cooperation from Apple.
"Apple's decision has dangerous consequences for public safety and national security and is, in my judgment, unacceptable," Barr said.
Technology Apple Declines DOJ Request To Unlock Pensacola Gunman's Phones Apple Declines DOJ Request To Unlock Pensacola Gunman's Phones Listen · 3:33 3:33
Apple has previously disputed the Justice Department's claims, saying in a statement in January that it had turned over "many gigabytes" of information related to the Pensacola shooter. Apple said authorities waited a month after the attack before contacting the company about the existence of the second phone and the FBI's inability to access either of the two devices.
"We have always maintained there is no such thing as a backdoor just for the good guys. Backdoors can also be exploited by those who threaten our national security and the data security of our customers," Apple said in the statement. "Today, law enforcement has access to more data than ever before in history, so Americans do not have to choose between weakening encryption and solving investigations."
Civil liberties groups and others who support Apple's stance note that this isn't the first time authorities have broken into devices after Apple refused to budge. The ACLU — American Civil Liberties Union — issued a statement saying the innovations show that federal agencies don't need the "backdoor" they've asked tech companies to engineer for years.
"Every time there's a traumatic event requiring investigation into digital devices," said the ACLU's Brett Max Kaufman, "the Justice Department loudly claims that it needs backdoors to encryption and then quietly announces it actually found a way to access information without threatening the security and privacy of the entire world."
In a statement Monday evening, the Saudi embassy said "Saudi Arabia has fully cooperated with U.S. law enforcement on the investigation, and we are continuing to provide full support to our American counterparts."
"Saudi Arabia will continue to use every means at our disposal to counter the men, mindset and money of terrorism that enables [al Qaeda] and others to recruit followers and threaten communities, or even entire nations."
The Embassy also touted the relationship between the U.S. and Saudi Arabia as "one of the primary pillars of the global effort to dismantle and defeat terrorist networks."
"Our two countries will maintain our unbreakable commitment to combat the forces of evil, wherever they exist," the statement continued.


npr--2020-05-18--102-Year-Old New York Woman Recovers From Coronavirus

Sophie Avouris was a newborn in Greece when the 1918 influenza pandemic spread through Europe .
Now , at 102 , she has survived a coronavirus infection in a Manhattan rehabilitation center .
Not many people can say they have lived through both events .
`` We just did n't think she would be able to make it , '' her daughter , Effie Strouthides , told NPR .
`` The doctor told us we could n't come to visit her , but if it gets really serious and [ toward ] the end they would allow us to come @ @ @ @ @ @ @ prepared for that . ''
In March , Avouris was recovering from hip replacement surgery in the Mary Manning Walsh nursing home in Manhattan when her doctor noticed something was off .
`` She 's a very talkative lady , '' Dr. Taimur Mirza told NPR .
`` She 's the person that will often come up to the [ nurse 's station ] and start up a conversation with the nurse or myself .
She speaks Greek only , so in my case , I use Google Translate on my phone , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ when I got worried . ''
She got a fever the same day and tested positive for the coronavirus .
Her daughter was worried .
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says that 80 % of people who died of COVID-19 in the U.S. are 65 or older .
`` The second time I spoke to her , she kept saying how sick she felt and that she could n't even talk on the phone , '' Strouthides said .
Despite her age and congestive heart failure , she got better after @ @ @ @ @ @ @ for six weeks , although she continues to test positive for the virus .
`` Even when she was really sick the doctors said she was still kind of spry .
She would joke around a little bit or smile when he would come in .
And I thought yeah , that 's my mother , '' Strouthides said .
Avouris ' doctor and daughter attribute her recovery to her strong constitution and also maybe her lifelong Mediterranean diet — but the true reasons still remain a mystery .

102-Year-Old New York Woman Recovers From Coronavirus
toggle caption The Avouris Family
Sophie Avouris was a newborn in Greece when the 1918 influenza pandemic spread through Europe. Now, at 102, she has survived a coronavirus infection in a Manhattan rehabilitation center.
Not many people can say they have lived through both events.
"We just didn't think she would be able to make it," her daughter, Effie Strouthides, told NPR. "The doctor told us we couldn't come to visit her, but if it gets really serious and [toward] the end they would allow us to come and see her. So we were prepared for that."
In March, Avouris was recovering from hip replacement surgery in the Mary Manning Walsh nursing home in Manhattan when her doctor noticed something was off.
"She's a very talkative lady," Dr. Taimur Mirza told NPR. "She's the person that will often come up to the [nurse's station] and start up a conversation with the nurse or myself. She speaks Greek only, so in my case, I use Google Translate on my phone, and when she stopped doing that is when I got worried."
She got a fever the same day and tested positive for the coronavirus.
Her daughter was worried. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says that 80% of people who died of COVID-19 in the U.S. are 65 or older.
"The second time I spoke to her, she kept saying how sick she felt and that she couldn't even talk on the phone," Strouthides said.
Despite her age and congestive heart failure, she got better after two weeks. She has been asymptomatic for six weeks, although she continues to test positive for the virus.
"Even when she was really sick the doctors said she was still kind of spry. She would joke around a little bit or smile when he would come in. And I thought yeah, that's my mother," Strouthides said.
Avouris' doctor and daughter attribute her recovery to her strong constitution and also maybe her lifelong Mediterranean diet — but the true reasons still remain a mystery.
"She's a fighter," Mirza said.


npr--2020-05-18--Ford Reopens With 'Rechoreographed' Factories

Ford is getting back to work .
On Monday , the company brought 71,000 workers back at its North American operations : roughly 59,300 in the U.S. , 5,300 in Canada and 6,775 in Mexico .
In the U.S. , Ford plants are reopening in several states , but the biggest reopening is in four regions : southeast Michigan , the Louisville , Ky. , area , the Kansas City , Mo.
, area and the Chicago area .
General Motors and Fiat Chrysler are also reopening plants Monday .
It 's the first time working for tens of thousands @ @ @ @ @ @ @ March .
Work will be different from usual , with new measures to help keep the coronavirus from spreading .
Jim Hackett , Ford 's president and CEO , talked about the company 's new protocols with Noel King on Morning Edition .
Here are selected excerpts : How do you separate people and still have room for all of your necessary employees ?
What are some specifics that you 're doing ?
We spent a lot of time putting together an extensive manual .
The normal things that you would expect , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to wear a mask , there 's thermal imaging .
There will actually be rapid testing that can be done .
And the social distancing that you 're talking about , we actually took into consideration as we thought through the way a vehicle is built .
So , for example , previous to COVID , we would put more than one person in the vehicle as it was going down the line , as they were attaching elements .
We 've rechoreographed that , so that 's not going to happen .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ sides of the vehicle — these are large factories , 3 to 4 million square feet — that you can create the distance that we 're going to need for this to work well .
You plan to test workers who exhibit symptoms of COVID-19 .
I do wonder why not offer tests to everyone , given that we know many people who get this virus do n't have symptoms but they can spread it ?
It 's just , it 's not practical here at the beginning , particularly with us — @ @ @ @ @ @ @ There will be a day , Noel , that your question can be answered that way .
It 's not too far off , and it revolves around a daily quick test .
Now here 's the news , though .
If you have symptoms , we can test right away .
And so we 've built that fail-safe .
So if you 're asymptomatic and you do n't have a fever and we have n't tested you , then we would contact trace if anyone around you got sick .
Listen to @ @ @ @ @

Ford Reopens With 'Rechoreographed' Factories
Enlarge this image toggle caption Charlotte Smith/Ford Motor Co. Charlotte Smith/Ford Motor Co.
Ford is getting back to work. On Monday, the company brought 71,000 workers back at its North American operations: roughly 59,300 in the U.S., 5,300 in Canada and 6,775 in Mexico.
In the U.S., Ford plants are reopening in several states, but the biggest reopening is in four regions: southeast Michigan, the Louisville, Ky., area, the Kansas City, Mo., area and the Chicago area.
General Motors and Fiat Chrysler are also reopening plants Monday. It's the first time working for tens of thousands of employees who have been home since March. Work will be different from usual, with new measures to help keep the coronavirus from spreading.
Jim Hackett, Ford's president and CEO, talked about the company's new protocols with Noel King on Morning Edition. Here are selected excerpts:
How do you separate people and still have room for all of your necessary employees? What are some specifics that you're doing?
We spent a lot of time putting together an extensive manual. The normal things that you would expect, for people to wash their hands, to wear a mask, there's thermal imaging. There will actually be rapid testing that can be done.
And the social distancing that you're talking about, we actually took into consideration as we thought through the way a vehicle is built. So, for example, previous to COVID, we would put more than one person in the vehicle as it was going down the line, as they were attaching elements. We've rechoreographed that, so that's not going to happen. And because you can build on both sides of the vehicle — these are large factories, 3 to 4 million square feet — that you can create the distance that we're going to need for this to work well.
You plan to test workers who exhibit symptoms of COVID-19. I do wonder why not offer tests to everyone, given that we know many people who get this virus don't have symptoms but they can spread it?
It's just, it's not practical here at the beginning, particularly with us — we will be over 200,000 people. There will be a day, Noel, that your question can be answered that way. It's not too far off, and it revolves around a daily quick test.
Now here's the news, though. If you have symptoms, we can test right away. And so we've built that fail-safe. So if you're asymptomatic and you don't have a fever and we haven't tested you, then we would contact trace if anyone around you got sick.
Listen to the full interview here.


npr--2020-05-18--YMCA, American Camp Association Release Guide For Opening Summer Camps

In a typical summer , more than 14 million campers and staff attend overnight and day camps in the United States .
But summer 2020 will be far from typical .
To prepare for that , the nation 's largest summer camp associations , the American Camp Association and the YMCA of the USA , have released a `` field guide '' for how summer and day camps can operate more safely during the coronavirus pandemic .
The 82-page guide , prepared by a private consulting firm , offers best practices on everything from swimming to arts and crafts .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 's official guidance for summer camps , which fits on a single page flow chart .
The field guide emphasizes that camps should open only where state and local authorities permit it , and in locations that have met the criteria for `` Phase 2 '' and `` Phase 3 '' reopening as designated by the Trump administration — which generally translates to ample room in hospitals plus more than two weeks ' decline in symptoms , cases and the ratio of positive tests .
The @ @ @ @ @ @ @ screening all campers and staff for symptoms .
Camps may ask campers and staff to take their temperatures daily for up to two weeks before arriving , and to self-report COVID-19 symptoms , such as a sore throat or loss of taste or smell .
After campers and staff arrive , camps may continue to screen as often as daily , isolating or sending home anyone with symptoms .
( The guide links to a summary of the latest scientific evidence indicating low case numbers among children , and the limited role children @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a few cases of a serious inflammatory syndrome in children have been worrisome . )
The guide does n't assume that all campers and staff will have access to coronavirus testing .
But if enough tests are available , it suggests overnight camps could consider operating as a single `` bubble , '' admitting only campers and staff who test negative , and `` shelter in place '' for the duration of the camp session .
Another key concept is `` cohorts , '' or `` households . ''
The field guide suggests @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a group as possible for all daily activities involving close contact .
Some state guidelines set this maximum at 10 campers .
The idea is not only to limit spread , but also , should a case be identified , to be able to quickly trace that person 's contacts .
Many of the document 's recommendations would make it much more expensive to operate a camp .
( Think : smaller groups , more frequent cleaning , providing enough equipment like life preservers so that campers do n't have to share .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ of the YMCA , tells NPR , `` I am aware of some Y camps that have made basically a business decision that it 's better to forego this summer , cut expenses way back and be prepared for next year . ''
On the other hand , Gregg Hunter , president and CEO of the Christian Camp and Conference Association , says some camp directors are determined to open .
`` They 've told me , 'If they say we can open for 10 kids , we will have 10 kids , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and they want to provide that service for them . ''
Many summer camps , including day camps run by the YMCA , are hoping to reopen , even if on a delayed schedule .
A partial list includes camps in Arizona , Connecticut , Texas , Montana , Colorado , New York , Vermont .
Other camps have cancelled summer programs all together .
With tens of millions of Americans out of work , many families can no longer afford summer camp .
And even for those who can , it 's @ @ @ @ @ @ @ kids to camp .
An unscientific poll by Slate found 83 % of respondents would not feel comfortable sending their child to sleepaway camp , and 66 % said no to day camp .

YMCA, American Camp Association Release Guide For Opening Summer Camps
Enlarge this image Getty Images Getty Images
In a typical summer, more than 14 million campers and staff attend overnight and day camps in the United States. But summer 2020 will be far from typical. To prepare for that, the nation's largest summer camp associations, the American Camp Association and the YMCA of the USA, have released a "field guide" for how summer and day camps can operate more safely during the coronavirus pandemic.
The 82-page guide, prepared by a private consulting firm, offers best practices on everything from swimming to arts and crafts. The document is far more detailed than the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's official guidance for summer camps, which fits on a single page flow chart.
The field guide emphasizes that camps should open only where state and local authorities permit it, and in locations that have met the criteria for "Phase 2" and "Phase 3" reopening as designated by the Trump administration — which generally translates to ample room in hospitals plus more than two weeks' decline in symptoms, cases and the ratio of positive tests.
The camp associations' safety plan starts with screening all campers and staff for symptoms. Camps may ask campers and staff to take their temperatures daily for up to two weeks before arriving, and to self-report COVID-19 symptoms, such as a sore throat or loss of taste or smell. After campers and staff arrive, camps may continue to screen as often as daily, isolating or sending home anyone with symptoms. (The guide links to a summary of the latest scientific evidence indicating low case numbers among children, and the limited role children play in spreading the coronavirus, although a few cases of a serious inflammatory syndrome in children have been worrisome.)
The guide doesn't assume that all campers and staff will have access to coronavirus testing. But if enough tests are available, it suggests overnight camps could consider operating as a single "bubble," admitting only campers and staff who test negative, and "shelter in place" for the duration of the camp session.
Another key concept is "cohorts," or "households." The field guide suggests grouping campers and counselors in as small a group as possible for all daily activities involving close contact. Some state guidelines set this maximum at 10 campers. The idea is not only to limit spread, but also, should a case be identified, to be able to quickly trace that person's contacts.
Many of the document's recommendations would make it much more expensive to operate a camp. (Think: smaller groups, more frequent cleaning, providing enough equipment like life preservers so that campers don't have to share.) Paul McEntire, chief operations officer of the YMCA, tells NPR, "I am aware of some Y camps that have made basically a business decision that it's better to forego this summer, cut expenses way back and be prepared for next year."
On the other hand, Gregg Hunter, president and CEO of the Christian Camp and Conference Association, says some camp directors are determined to open. "They've told me, 'If they say we can open for 10 kids, we will have 10 kids,' because they know kids need camp and they want to provide that service for them."
Many summer camps, including day camps run by the YMCA, are hoping to reopen, even if on a delayed schedule. A partial list includes camps in Arizona, Connecticut, Texas, Montana, Colorado, New York, Vermont. Other camps have cancelled summer programs all together.
With tens of millions of Americans out of work, many families can no longer afford summer camp. And even for those who can, it's unclear whether parents will feel comfortable sending kids to camp. An unscientific poll by Slate found 83% of respondents would not feel comfortable sending their child to sleepaway camp, and 66% said no to day camp.