upi--2020-09-22--Look: Brittany Cartwright, Jax Taylor expecting first child

Sept. 22 ( UPI ) -- Brittany Cartwright and Jax Taylor are going to be parents .
The Vanderpump Rules couple announced Monday on Instagram that they 're expecting their first child together .
Cartwright shared the news alongside photos of herself holding up a sonogram as Taylor cradles her baby bump .
`` Mom & Dad .
The love of our lives is coming soon , '' she captioned the post .
Taylor posted similar pictures on his own account .
`` Sooooo , ... ...
..I am gon na be Dad.. '' he wrote .
Cartwright and Taylor @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Lala Kent , Scheana Shay and Kristen Doute were among those to congratulate the couple in the comments .
`` Life could n't get much better !
!
!
!
!
!
I love y'all so much !
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
! ''
Schroeder wrote .
`` I am SO HAPPPYYYY , '' Doute said .
Cartwright and Taylor told People that Cartwright is 11 weeks pregnant and due to give birth in April .
Taylor , whose father , Ronald Cauchi , died in 2017 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ '' to become a dad .
`` My dad was my hero .
He passed three years ago , and I can honestly say my parents gave me the best childhood a kid could ask for .
I ca n't wait to go to games , dance recitals and school functions , '' he said .
`` My dad was always there for me in every way , so I am just gon na follow his playbook . ''
Cartwright and Taylor plan to announce the sex of their unborn child at a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
`` I am just so overjoyed and every day I fall more in love .
Boy or girl , we are just so ecstatic ! ''
Cartwright said .
`` We have a name for a girl but not sure about a boy 's name yet ! ''
she added .
`` I think I will continue to look at the baby name list until the day they are born ! ''
Cartwright and Taylor married in June 2019 .
The pair are the third Vanderpump Rules couple to announce they are @ @ @ @ @ @ @ first child with her fiancé , Randall Emmett .
The couple announced Saturday that they are expecting a daughter .
Schroeder , who was fired from Vanderpump Rules in June , announced after her firing that she is expecting her first child , a daughter , with her fiancé , Beau Clark .

Sept. 22 (UPI) -- Brittany Cartwright and Jax Taylor are going to be parents.
The Vanderpump Rules couple announced Monday on Instagram that they're expecting their first child together.
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Cartwright shared the news alongside photos of herself holding up a sonogram as Taylor cradles her baby bump.
"Mom & Dad. The love of our lives is coming soon," she captioned the post.
Taylor posted similar pictures on his own account.
"Sooooo,........I am gonna be Dad.." he wrote.
Cartwright and Taylor's Vanderpump Rules co-stars Stassi Schroeder, Lala Kent, Scheana Shay and Kristen Doute were among those to congratulate the couple in the comments.
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"Life couldn't get much better!!!!!! I love y'all so much!!!!!!!!!!!!" Schroeder wrote.
"I'm so happy for, y'all," Kent added.
"I am SO HAPPPYYYY," Doute said.
Cartwright and Taylor told People that Cartwright is 11 weeks pregnant and due to give birth in April. Taylor, whose father, Ronald Cauchi, died in 2017, said he is "really excited" to become a dad.
"My dad was my hero. He passed three years ago, and I can honestly say my parents gave me the best childhood a kid could ask for. I can't wait to go to games, dance recitals and school functions," he said. "My dad was always there for me in every way, so I am just gonna follow his playbook."
Cartwright and Taylor plan to announce the sex of their unborn child at a small party with friends and family Sunday.
"I am just so overjoyed and every day I fall more in love. Boy or girl, we are just so ecstatic!" Cartwright said.
"We have a name for a girl but not sure about a boy's name yet!" she added. "I think I will continue to look at the baby name list until the day they are born!"
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Cartwright and Taylor married in June 2019. The pair are the third Vanderpump Rules couple to announce they are expecting.
Kent is pregnant with her first child with her fiancé, Randall Emmett. The couple announced Saturday that they are expecting a daughter.
Schroeder, who was fired from Vanderpump Rules in June, announced after her firing that she is expecting her first child, a daughter, with her fiancé, Beau Clark.


upi--2020-09-22--Novak Djokovic, Simona Halep win Italian Open titles

Sept. 22 ( UPI ) -- Men 's world No .
1 Novak Djokovic and women 's No .
2 Simona Halep were crowned 2020 Italian Open champions after dominant victories in Rome .
Djokovic beat Argentine Diego Schwartzman 7-5 , 6-3 in one hour , 53 minutes to claim his fifth Italian Open title Monday at Foro Italico sports complex .
The straight sets victory gave the Serbian a record 36th ATP Masters title .
`` I think I had a really good week , but I do n't think I played my best tennis to be honest , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ do n't want to sound arrogant .
`` I 'm very satisfied and pleased to win the title , but I know I still have a couple of gears . ''
Schwartzman led 3-0 in the first set before Djokovic leveled the set with three consecutive game victories .
He also won the seventh game before Schwartzman claimed the eighth game to level the set at 4-4 .
Djokovic and Schwartzman exchanged the next two game victories before Djokovic won the final two games to claim the first set .
Djokovic and Schwartzman @ @ @ @ @ @ @ before Djokovic won the fifth game .
Schwartzman claimed the sixth game to level the set at 3-3 before Djokovic won the final three games to win the match .
Djokovic fired two aces and had 74 winners in Monday 's victory .
He has now hit 287 weeks as the world No .
1 to pass Pete Sampras for No .
2 all time .
Halep beat No .
4 Karolina Pliskova 6-0 , 2-1 to claim her Italian Open title .
The Romanian earned the victory after Pliskova retired due to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ second set .
`` I finally won it , '' Halep said of the Italian Open .
`` I have played really well every year here .
I 've [ been in ] two finals .
I started going up in the rankings here in 2013 .
I have dreamed to have this title .
I 'm really happy it happened . ''
Halep broke Pliskova 's serve three times in a dominant first set .
She also won the first game of the second set when she broke Pliskova .
Pliskova broke @ @ @ @ @ @ @ point before Halep won the third game .
Pliskova then retired from the match to hand Halep her first Italian Open title .
Halep had an ace , three double faults and 35 winners in the 32-minute victory .
Pliskova had four double faults and 18 winners before she retired .
`` I feel sorry for her , because an injury is an injury and it 's never easy , '' Halep said of Pliskova .
`` But it does n't change anything .
`` This trophy is mine now . ''
The @ @ @ @ @ @ @ through Oct. 11 in Paris .

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Novak Djokovic now has a record 36 Masters 1000 titles after his win in the 2020 Italian Open final Monday in Rome. File Photo by John Angelillo/UPI | License Photo
Sept. 22 (UPI) -- Men's world No. 1 Novak Djokovic and women's No. 2 Simona Halep were crowned 2020 Italian Open champions after dominant victories in Rome. Djokovic beat Argentine Diego Schwartzman 7-5, 6-3 in one hour, 53 minutes to claim his fifth Italian Open title Monday at Foro Italico sports complex. The straight sets victory gave the Serbian a record 36th ATP Masters title. Advertisement
"I think I had a really good week, but I don't think I played my best tennis to be honest," Djokovic told reporters. "I don't want to sound arrogant.
"I'm very satisfied and pleased to win the title, but I know I still have a couple of gears."
Schwartzman led 3-0 in the first set before Djokovic leveled the set with three consecutive game victories. He also won the seventh game before Schwartzman claimed the eighth game to level the set at 4-4. Djokovic and Schwartzman exchanged the next two game victories before Djokovic won the final two games to claim the first set.
Djokovic and Schwartzman were tied 2-2 in the second set before Djokovic won the fifth game. Schwartzman claimed the sixth game to level the set at 3-3 before Djokovic won the final three games to win the match.
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Djokovic fired two aces and had 74 winners in Monday's victory. He has now hit 287 weeks as the world No. 1 to pass Pete Sampras for No. 2 all time.
Halep beat No. 4 Karolina Pliskova 6-0, 2-1 to claim her Italian Open title. The Romanian earned the victory after Pliskova retired due to injury when she was down in the second set.
"I finally won it," Halep said of the Italian Open. "I have played really well every year here. I've [been in] two finals. I started going up in the rankings here in 2013. I have dreamed to have this title. I'm really happy it happened."
Halep broke Pliskova's serve three times in a dominant first set. She also won the first game of the second set when she broke Pliskova.
Pliskova broke Halep's serve for the next game point before Halep won the third game. Pliskova then retired from the match to hand Halep her first Italian Open title.
Halep had an ace, three double faults and 35 winners in the 32-minute victory. Pliskova had four double faults and 18 winners before she retired.
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"I feel sorry for her, because an injury is an injury and it's never easy," Halep said of Pliskova. "But it doesn't change anything.
"This trophy is mine now."
The 2020 French Open is from Sept. 27 through Oct. 11 in Paris.


upi--2020-09-22--In photos: Mourning Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg

President Donald Trump is meeting with his top five women candidates to fill the Supreme Court vacancy , despite Ginsburg @ @ @ @ @ president to fill her seat .
Photo by Ken Cedeno/UPI

Female members of Congress stand on the steps of the U.S. Capitol as the flag-draped casket of Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg is carried by a joint services military honor guard after Ginsburg lied in state at the U.S. Capitol on September 25. Pool Photo by Alex Brandon/UPI


upi--2020-09-22--Scientists publish water quality database for 12,000 freshwater lakes

Sept. 22 ( UPI ) -- Scientists have published a global water quality database detailing the health of nearly 12,000 freshwater lakes , almost half the world 's freshwater supply .
Compiled by researchers at York University , in Canada , the database offers water quality information on lakes in 72 countries and all seven continents , including Antarctica .
Researchers detailed the database compilation process in a new paper , published Tuesday in the Nature journal Scientific Data .
`` The database can be used by scientists to answer questions about what lakes or regions may be faring worse @ @ @ @ @ @ @ changed over the years and which environmental stressors are most important in driving changes in water quality , '' lead author Alessandro Filazzola said in a news release .
To build the database , researchers mined some 3,322 studies for information on chlorophyll levels in lakes all over the world .
Scientists often use chlorophyll as a proxy for measuring an ecosystem 's health because it is a good predictor of primary production -- the amount of vegetation and algae growing in lakes .
Primary production sounds good , but more chlorophyll is @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Rising chlorophyll levels is typically a sign of degraded water quality and declining ecosystems health , researchers say .
`` Human activity , climate warming , agricultural , urban runoff and phosphorus from land use can all increase the level of chlorophyll in lakes , '' said Filazzola , a postdoctoral research fellow at York .
`` The primary production is most represented by the amount of chlorophyll in the lake , which has a cascading impact on the phytoplankton that eat the algae and the fish that eat the phytoplankton and the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ `` If the chlorophyll is too low , it can have cascading negative effects on the entire ecosystem , while too much can cause an abundance of algae growth , which is not always good , '' he said .
Rising global temperatures have encouraged algae blooms in many lakes around the world , and extreme weather events have exacerbated agricultural runoff problems , flooding lakes with excess nutrients .
The problem is especially pronounced in lakes near urban watersheds and agricultural areas .
In addition to chlorophyll data , researchers compiled information @ @ @ @ @ @ @ can help predict changes in chlorophyll .
Scientists also collected data on each lake 's physical characteristics , as well as climate data and land use information .
`` In addition to drinking water , freshwater is important for transportation , agriculture , and recreation , and provides habitats for more than 100,000 species of invertebrates , insects , animals and plants , '' said senior researcher Sapna Sharma .
`` The database can be used to improve our understanding of how chlorophyll levels respond to global environmental change and it provides baseline @ @ @ @ @ @ @ water quality in lakes , '' said Sharma , an associate professor of biology at York .

Scientists have published a new online database with information on the health of thousands of freshwater lakes around the world. Photo by NASA/UPI | License Photo
Sept. 22 (UPI) -- Scientists have published a global water quality database detailing the health of nearly 12,000 freshwater lakes, almost half the world's freshwater supply. Compiled by researchers at York University, in Canada, the database offers water quality information on lakes in 72 countries and all seven continents, including Antarctica. Advertisement
Researchers detailed the database compilation process in a new paper, published Tuesday in the Nature journal Scientific Data.
"The database can be used by scientists to answer questions about what lakes or regions may be faring worse than others, how water quality has changed over the years and which environmental stressors are most important in driving changes in water quality," lead author Alessandro Filazzola said in a news release.
To build the database, researchers mined some 3,322 studies for information on chlorophyll levels in lakes all over the world. Scientists often use chlorophyll as a proxy for measuring an ecosystem's health because it is a good predictor of primary production -- the amount of vegetation and algae growing in lakes.
Primary production sounds good, but more chlorophyll isn't always better than less chlorophyll. Rising chlorophyll levels is typically a sign of degraded water quality and declining ecosystems health, researchers say.
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"Human activity, climate warming, agricultural, urban runoff and phosphorus from land use can all increase the level of chlorophyll in lakes," said Filazzola, a postdoctoral research fellow at York. "The primary production is most represented by the amount of chlorophyll in the lake, which has a cascading impact on the phytoplankton that eat the algae and the fish that eat the phytoplankton and the fish that eat those fish."
"If the chlorophyll is too low, it can have cascading negative effects on the entire ecosystem, while too much can cause an abundance of algae growth, which is not always good," he said.
Rising global temperatures have encouraged algae blooms in many lakes around the world, and extreme weather events have exacerbated agricultural runoff problems, flooding lakes with excess nutrients. The problem is especially pronounced in lakes near urban watersheds and agricultural areas.
In addition to chlorophyll data, researchers compiled information on phosphorous and nitrogen levels, which can help predict changes in chlorophyll. Scientists also collected data on each lake's physical characteristics, as well as climate data and land use information.
"In addition to drinking water, freshwater is important for transportation, agriculture, and recreation, and provides habitats for more than 100,000 species of invertebrates, insects, animals and plants," said senior researcher Sapna Sharma.
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"The database can be used to improve our understanding of how chlorophyll levels respond to global environmental change and it provides baseline comparisons for environmental managers responsible for maintaining water quality in lakes," said Sharma, an associate professor of biology at York.


upi--2020-09-22--Watch: Alicia Keys tells 'Late Late Show' she has never argued with Swizz Beatz

Sept. 22 ( UPI ) -- Alicia Keys , appearing on The Late Late Show with James Corden , said she has never had an argument with her husband , producer Swizz Beatz .
`` We do n't raise our voices at each other .
We 've definitely disagreed , it 's not that we have n't disagreed , or he has n't been uncomfortable with something that I did , or I 'm uncomfortable with something he did , '' the singer said on Monday 's show .
`` We definitely have had moments where we 're like , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ we definitely communicate in a way , we do n't let it build up , '' Keys said .
She told Corden how the couple hold `` keep it real '' conversations to air any issues .
`` We get a chance to converse before it turns into the big blowout .
You know , like if you do n't catch it before , then it gets crazy , '' Keys said .
Keys and Beatz celebrated their 10th wedding anniversary in August .
The couple married in July 2010 and have two @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and Genesis Ali , 5 .
Keys also performed her song `` Love Looks Better '' on the show in a drive-in concert as fans came to the parking lot to watch .
Keys and some special guests will be performing every night this week on The Late Late Show .
`` Love Looks Better '' appears on Keys ' recently released seventh studio album Alicia .
The album , which follow 's 2016 's Here , also features the singles `` Show Me Love , '' `` Underdog '' and `` Perfect @ @ @ @ @

Sept. 22 (UPI) -- Alicia Keys, appearing on The Late Late Show with James Corden, said she has never had an argument with her husband, producer Swizz Beatz.
"We don't raise our voices at each other. We've definitely disagreed, it's not that we haven't disagreed, or he hasn't been uncomfortable with something that I did, or I'm uncomfortable with something he did," the singer said on Monday's show.
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"We definitely have had moments where we're like, 'Hmm that felt weird,' but we definitely communicate in a way, we don't let it build up," Keys said.
She told Corden how the couple hold "keep it real" conversations to air any issues.
"We get a chance to converse before it turns into the big blowout. You know, like if you don't catch it before, then it gets crazy," Keys said.
Keys and Beatz celebrated their 10th wedding anniversary in August. The couple married in July 2010 and have two sons, Egypt Daoud, 9, and Genesis Ali, 5.
Keys also performed her song "Love Looks Better" on the show in a drive-in concert as fans came to the parking lot to watch.
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Keys and some special guests will be performing every night this week on The Late Late Show.
"Love Looks Better" appears on Keys' recently released seventh studio album Alicia. The album, which follow's 2016's Here, also features the singles "Show Me Love," "Underdog" and "Perfect Way to Die."
Alicia Keys turns 42: a look back


upi--2020-09-22--Watch live: Jerome Powell, Steven Mnuchin testify on progress of U.S. economic recovery

Sept. 22 ( UPI ) -- The Federal Reserve will continue to support the domestic economy through the COVID-19 pandemic , following up on some improvement since the start of the crisis , Chairman Jerome Powell says in prepared congressional testimony Tuesday .
Powell will make the remarks to the House financial services committee at a hearing titled , `` Oversight of the Treasury Department 's and Federal Reserve 's Pandemic Response . ''
The hearing will begin at 10:30 a.m. EDT .
Powell will testify at the hearing with Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin .
`` We remain committed to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ can , for as long as it takes , to ensure that the recovery will be as strong as possible , and to limit lasting damage to the economy , '' Powell wrote .
`` Economic activity has picked up from its depressed second-quarter level when much of the economy was shut down to stem the spread of the virus .
Many economic indicators show marked improvement . ''
Powell said the U.S. central bank has taken `` forceful action '' since mid-March by lowering interest rates to near zero , where the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ least 2022 , as well as increasing asset holdings and standing up 13 emergency lending facilities .
`` We took these measures to support broader financial conditions and more directly support the flow of credit to households , businesses of all sizes , and state and local governments , '' he added .
`` Our actions , taken together , have helped unlock more than $ 1 trillion of funding , which , in turn , has helped keep organizations from shuttering , putting them in a better position to keep workers on @ @ @ @ @ @ @ economy continues to recover . ''
Powell noted that a full economic recovery can not be expected until the pandemic is brought under control and Americans believe they can resume normal activities without fear .
`` A full recovery is likely to come only when people are confident that it is safe to re-engage in a broad range of activities , '' he wrote .
`` The path forward will depend on keeping the virus under control , and on policy actions taken at all levels of government . ''
In his prepared @ @ @ @ @ @ @ is committed to reaching an agreement with congressional Democrats on a new coronavirus relief package .
Negotiations have been stalled for nearly two months , with House Democrats and the administration showing few signs of a willingness to compromise on proposals that are billions of dollars apart .
`` We continue to try to work with Congress on a bipartisan basis to pass a Phase IV relief package , '' Mnuchin wrote .
`` I believe a targeted package is still needed , and the administration is ready to reach a bipartisan agreement @ @ @ @ @ @ @ administration 's efforts to promote economic recovery , including the unemployment rate of 8.4 % -- which he called `` a notable achievement considering some people were expecting up to 25 % unemployment at the height of the pandemic . ''
Powell and Mnuchin testified before the committee in June to update lawmakers on the federal economic response to the health crisis .

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Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell testifies Tuesday before a House Financial Services Committee hearing on oversight of the Treasury Department's and Federal Reserve's COVID-19 pandemic response on Capitol Hill in Washington, D.C. Pool Photo by Joshua Roberts/UPI | License Photo
Sept. 22 (UPI) -- While Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell said Tuesday the agency will continue to support the domestic economy amid the COVID-19 pandemic, Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin said a targeted stimulus bill from Congress is still needed. Appearing before the House financial services committee at a hearing titled "Oversight of the Treasury Department's and Federal Reserve's Pandemic Response," Powell said the Fed will provide support following up on some improvement since the start of the crisis. Advertisement
"We remain committed to using our tools to do what we can, for as long as it takes, to ensure that the recovery will be as strong as possible, and to limit lasting damage to the economy," Powell testified.
"Economic activity has picked up from its depressed second-quarter level when much of the economy was shut down to stem the spread of the virus. Many economic indicators show marked improvement."
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Powell said the U.S. central bank has taken "forceful action" since mid-March by lowering interest rates to near zero, where the Fed expects them to stay until at least 2022, as well as increasing asset holdings and standing up 13 emergency lending facilities.
"We took these measures to support broader financial conditions and more directly support the flow of credit to households, businesses of all sizes, and state and local governments," he added.
"Our actions, taken together, have helped unlock more than $1 trillion of funding, which, in turn, has helped keep organizations from shuttering, putting them in a better position to keep workers on and to hire them back as the economy continues to recover."
Mnuchin touted the administration's efforts to promote economic recovery, including the unemployment rate of 8.4% -- which he called "a notable achievement considering some people were expecting up to 25% unemployment at the height of the pandemic," but said that efforts by the Fed and Treasury can only provide so much improvement.
"I unfortunately think there's not more we can do," Mnuchin said.
Mnuchin said the Trump administration is committed to reaching an agreement with congressional Democrats on a new coronavirus relief package.
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Negotiations have been stalled for nearly two months, with House Democrats and the administration showing few signs of a willingness to compromise on proposals that are billions of dollars apart.
"We continue to try to work with Congress on a bipartisan basis to pass a Phase IV relief package," Mnuchin said. "I believe a targeted package is still needed, and the administration is ready to reach a bipartisan agreement."
Rep. Maxine Waters, D-Calif., pressed Powell and Mnuchin on the lack of loans under the $600 billion Main Street lending program, despite lowering its minimum loan threshold from $500,000 to $250,000.
Mnuchin said he would support lowering the threshold to $100,000 but Powell said the program did not generate much interest for loans less than $1 million and suggested loans under the Paycheck Protection Program would be more appealing.
"Trying to underwrite the credit of hundreds of thousands of small businesses would be very difficult," Powell said. "I think PPP is a better way to address that space in the market."
Powell noted that a full economic recovery cannot be expected until the pandemic is brought under control and Americans believe they can resume normal activities without fear.
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"A full recovery is likely to come only when people are confident that it is safe to re-engage in a broad range of activities," he said. "The path forward will depend on keeping the virus under control, and on policy actions taken at all levels of government."
Powell and Mnuchin testified before the committee in June to update lawmakers on the federal economic response to the health crisis.


upi--2020-09-22--Dr. Anthony Fauci: 'Divisive' society hurting efforts to control COVID-19

Sept. 22 ( UPI ) -- Dr. Anthony Fauci , the nation 's top infectious diseases expert , said a `` divisive '' culture in the United States has been a hindrance in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic .
Fauci made the remarks Monday night during an interview with Trevor Noah on Comedy Central 's The Daily Show .
`` I try my best ... in giving a consistent message as often as I can get the message out , something that 's just based on the scientific data , based on evidence , which is something that 's really very @ @ @ @ @ @ @ One of the things that I think gets in the way is that we are in such a divisive state in society that it tends to get politicized .
It 's almost one side versus the other . ''
`` What has evolved now is that almost people take sides , like wearing a mask is or not is a political statement , '' said Fauci , director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases .
`` And that 's really very unfortunate .
`` Unfortunate because this is a purely @ @ @ @ @ @ @ be one against the other . ''
Adding to the confusion , he said , are conflicting messages coming from multiple federal sources -- like the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention retracting guidance on Monday and President Donald Trump contradicting CDC Director Robert Redfield last week about the timeline for a vaccine .
`` When I 'm telling you wear a mask , keep social distancing , avoid crowds , wash your hands , do things outdoors more than indoors , there 's nothing political about that .
That 's a public @ @ @ @ @ @ @ '' he said .
`` We have within our capability the ability to turn this around . ''
Fauci 's remarks came as the United States added 52,000 cases , the highest one-day total since the middle of August , according to data from Johns Hopkins University on Tuesday .
The university reported 356 deaths .
Since the start of the pandemic , there have been 6.86 million cases and 199,900 deaths in the United States .
In California , the number of residents testing positive fell below 3 % for the first @ @ @ @ @ @ @ The positivity rate for the past week was 2.8 % , according to the California Department of Health Care Services -- the lowest figure since the beginning of the pandemic .
The state also reached a grim milestone , as its overall death toll surpassed 15,000 Monday .
In San Diego County , residents and local officials will find out Tuesday if they have fallen a rung into the most restrictive tier in California 's COVID-19 ranking system following at outbreak at San Diego State University .
A surge of positive cases last @ @ @ @ @ @ @ for San Diego to fall into the `` purple '' tier of the state 's reopening system , meaning that restaurants , churches and gyms would have to close their indoor spaces .
County health officials reported about 300 new cases but no deaths Monday .
In Wisconsin , which has one of the nation 's fastest-growing outbreaks , nearly 1,300 people tested positive Monday , state officials said -- the seventh straight day with at least 1,000 added cases .
Wisconsin 's new caseload has soared by 88 % over the last @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the nation .
Its positivity rate , nearly 19 % , has been driven by cases in the University of Wisconsin system .

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House Speaker Nancy Pelosi walks amongst the 200,000 American flags during an event Tuesday commemorating the 200,000 Americans that have lost their lives due to the COVID-19 pandemic, on the National Mall in Washington, D.C. Photo by Pat Benic/UPI | License Photo
Sept. 22 (UPI) -- More than 200,000 people have died of COVID-19 in the United States, according to data Tuesday from Johns Hopkins University. The United States added 52,000 cases on Monday, the highest one-day total since the middle of August, updated data showed late Tuesday morning. The new figures also listed slightly more than 200,000 dead. Advertisement
Since the start of the pandemic, there have been 6.89 million cases in the United States.
Dr. Anthony Fauci, the nation's top infectious diseases expert, said a "divisive" culture in the United States has been a hindrance in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic.
Fauci made the remarks Monday night during an interview with Trevor Noah on Comedy Central's The Daily Show.
"I try my best ... in giving a consistent message as often as I can get the message out, something that's just based on the scientific data, based on evidence, which is something that's really very important," he said.
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"One of the things that I think gets in the way is that we are in such a divisive state in society that it tends to get politicized. It's almost one side versus the other.
"What has evolved now is that almost people take sides, like wearing a mask is or not is a political statement," said Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. "And that's really very unfortunate.
"Unfortunate because this is a purely public health issue. It should not be one against the other."
Adding to the confusion, he said, are conflicting messages coming from multiple federal sources -- like the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention retracting guidance on Monday and President Donald Trump contradicting CDC Director Robert Redfield last week about the timeline for a vaccine.
"When I'm telling you wear a mask, keep social distancing, avoid crowds, wash your hands, do things outdoors more than indoors, there's nothing political about that. That's a public health message that we know works," he said.
"We have within our capability the ability to turn this around."
In Florida, the country's fourth-largest school district, the Miami-Dade County School Board, voted unanimously Tuesday to allow students the option to return to a full week of in-person school beginning Oct. 21.
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It would make the district the largest school system in the United States to return to five days a week of in-school learning. Parents still have the option of keeping their children home for remote learning.
About 51% percent of parents chose to keep their children home at the start of the school year, the Miami Herald reported.
The Florida Department of Health reported nearly 680,000 positive coronavirus cases and more than 13,400 deaths as of Tuesday morning.
In California, the number of residents testing positive fell below 3% for the first time, state health officials said.
The positivity rate for the past week was 2.8%, according to the California Department of Health Care Services -- the lowest figure since the beginning of the pandemic.
The state also reached a grim milestone, as its overall death toll surpassed 15,000 Monday.
In San Diego County, residents and local officials will find out Tuesday if they have fallen a rung into the most restrictive tier in California's COVID-19 ranking system following at outbreak at San Diego State University.
A surge of positive cases last week contributed to overall totals high enough for San Diego to fall into the "purple" tier of the state's reopening system, meaning that restaurants, churches and gyms would have to close their indoor spaces.
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County health officials reported about 300 new cases but no deaths Monday.
In Wisconsin, which has one of the nation's fastest-growing outbreaks, nearly 1,300 people tested positive Monday, state officials said -- the seventh straight day with at least 1,000 added cases.
Wisconsin's new caseload has soared by 88% over the last two weeks, the highest rate in the nation. Its positivity rate, nearly 19%, has been driven by cases in the University of Wisconsin system.


upi--2020-09-22--Derek Carr leads Raiders over Saints on Monday Night Football

Sept. 22 ( UPI ) -- Derek Carr threw three touchdown passes to lead the Las Vegas Raiders to a Monday Night Football win over the New Orleans Saints in their first game at Allegiant Stadium in Paradise , Nev .
Raiders tight end Darren Waller also had 12 catches for 103 yards and a score in the 34-24 win .
Saints quarterback Drew Brees completed 26 of 38 passes for 312 yards , one score and one interception in the setback .
`` I 'll let everyone else talk about the statement [ win ] , '' Carr told @ @ @ @ @ @ @ talking .
...
It 's nice to go out and to be 2-0 .
`` It 's nice to play against the Saints , the world champions , the top whatever defense , the top whatever offense .
This special teams unit is one of the best in the league .
It feels good , a good win on Monday night , but just like I told the guys after the game , 'the job 's not done . '
'' Saints kicker Wil Lutz made a 31-yard field goal on the first @ @ @ @ @ @ @ lead .
The Saints then went up 10-0 on an Alvin Kamara rushing score with 3:55 remaining in the quarter .
The Raiders finally got on the scoreboard with an 11-play , 58-yard drive .
Carr threw a three-yard touchdown toss to Alec Ingold at the end of the drive 8:59 before halftime .
The Saints answered on the next drive when Brees threw a six-yard touchdown pass to tight end Jared Cook .
The touchdown pushed the Saints lead back to 10 points .
Carr then orchestrated a 10-play , 70-yard scoring @ @ @ @ @ @ @ touchdown pass to Zay Jones .
Raiders linebacker Nicholas Morrow intercepted Brees on the next possession .
Raiders kicker Daniel Carlson then made a 28-yard field goal to tie the score at 17-17 .
Carr capped off another long drive with a one-yard touchdown pass to Waller on the first drive of the second half to give the Raiders a 24-17 edge .
The Raiders added to the lead with a 20-yard Jalen Richard rushing touchdown midway through the fourth quarter .
The Saints cut the lead to seven points with a Kamara @ @ @ @ @ @ @ then hit a 54-yard kick for the Raiders on the next possession to push their lead back to 10 points .
The Raiders defense then stuffed the Saints on their final possession to secure the victory .
`` We did n't possess the ball enough offensively , '' Saints coach Sean Payton said .
`` We could n't get off the field defensively .
We have to a do a better job of coaching .
I do n't think it 's going to be a real pleasant film to watch , for some @ @ @ @ @ @ @ '' Raiders running back Josh Jacobs had 105 yards from scrimmage on 30 touches in the win .
Carr completed 28 of 38 passes for 282 yards , in addition to his trio of touchdowns .
Kamara had 174 yards from scrimmage and two scores on 22 touches for the Saints .
Trey Hendrickson , Malcolm Jenkins and David Onyemata each had a sack in the loss .
`` We knew it would be a 15-round fight , '' Raiders coach Jon Gruden said .
`` We knew the Saints would give us @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ( 2-0 ) face the New England Patriots at 1 p.m. EDT on Sunday at Gillette Stadium in Foxborough , Mass .
The Saints ( 1-1 ) host the Green Bay Packers at 8:20 p.m. EDT on Sunday at the Mercedes-Benz Superdome in New Orleans .

1/3
Las Vegas Raiders quarterback Derek Carr (4) completed 28 of 38 passes for 282 yards and three scores in a win over the New Orleans Saints Monday in Paradise, Nev. File Photo by Terry Schmitt/UPI | License Photo
Sept. 22 (UPI) -- Derek Carr threw three touchdown passes to lead the Las Vegas Raiders to a Monday Night Football win over the New Orleans Saints in their first game at Allegiant Stadium in Paradise, Nev. Raiders tight end Darren Waller also had 12 catches for 103 yards and a score in the 34-24 win. Saints quarterback Drew Brees completed 26 of 38 passes for 312 yards, one score and one interception in the setback. Advertisement
"I'll let everyone else talk about the statement [win]," Carr told reporters. "I'm tired of talking. ... It's nice to go out and to be 2-0.
"It's nice to play against the Saints, the world champions, the top whatever defense, the top whatever offense. This special teams unit is one of the best in the league. It feels good, a good win on Monday night, but just like I told the guys after the game, 'the job's not done.'"
Advertisement Darren Waller is having a night: 12 catches, 103 yards and 1 TD. #RaiderNation : #NOvsLV on ESPN : NFL app // Yahoo Sports app: https://t.co/pkp7nq0Q8u pic.twitter.com/BFummB71ut— NFL (@NFL) September 22, 2020
Saints kicker Wil Lutz made a 31-yard field goal on the first drive of the game for an early lead. The Saints then went up 10-0 on an Alvin Kamara rushing score with 3:55 remaining in the quarter.
The Raiders finally got on the scoreboard with an 11-play, 58-yard drive. Carr threw a three-yard touchdown toss to Alec Ingold at the end of the drive 8:59 before halftime.
The Saints answered on the next drive when Brees threw a six-yard touchdown pass to tight end Jared Cook. The touchdown pushed the Saints lead back to 10 points.
Carr then orchestrated a 10-play, 70-yard scoring drive, capped off with a 15-yard touchdown pass to Zay Jones.
Raiders linebacker Nicholas Morrow intercepted Brees on the next possession. Raiders kicker Daniel Carlson then made a 28-yard field goal to tie the score at 17-17.
Carr capped off another long drive with a one-yard touchdown pass to Waller on the first drive of the second half to give the Raiders a 24-17 edge. The Raiders added to the lead with a 20-yard Jalen Richard rushing touchdown midway through the fourth quarter.
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The Saints cut the lead to seven points with a Kamara rushing touchdown with 4:38 remaining. Carlson then hit a 54-yard kick for the Raiders on the next possession to push their lead back to 10 points.
The Raiders defense then stuffed the Saints on their final possession to secure the victory.
"We didn't possess the ball enough offensively," Saints coach Sean Payton said. "We couldn't get off the field defensively. We have to a do a better job of coaching. I don't think it's going to be a real pleasant film to watch, for some of our star players as well."
Raiders running back Josh Jacobs had 105 yards from scrimmage on 30 touches in the win. Carr completed 28 of 38 passes for 282 yards, in addition to his trio of touchdowns. Kamara had 174 yards from scrimmage and two scores on 22 touches for the Saints. Trey Hendrickson, Malcolm Jenkins and David Onyemata each had a sack in the loss.
"We knew it would be a 15-round fight," Raiders coach Jon Gruden said. "We knew the Saints would give us everything they had."
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The Raiders (2-0) face the New England Patriots at 1 p.m. EDT on Sunday at Gillette Stadium in Foxborough, Mass. The Saints (1-1) host the Green Bay Packers at 8:20 p.m. EDT on Sunday at the Mercedes-Benz Superdome in New Orleans.
This week in the National Football League


upi--2020-09-22--WWE Raw: Retribution have first match, Randy Orton strikes

Sept. 22 ( UPI ) -- The masked group Retribution had their first WWE match on Raw as they took on The Hurt Business in the main event .
Retribution , who have been causing chaos by destroying WWE property and interrupting matches for weeks , kicked off Raw on Monday by revealing more of their faces .
The Raw announce team confirmed that the five core members of Retribution -- three men and two women -- have signed contracts with WWE .
The Hurt Business arrived on the scene and confronted Retribution , who retreated until more members could @ @ @ @ @ @ @ superior numbers , easily took down The Hurt Business , which consists of U.S. Champion Bobby Lashley , MVP Shelton Benjamin and Cedric Alexander .
A Six-Man Tag Team match was then set for the main event between Lashley , Benjamin and Alexander against Retribution 's T-Bar , Mace and Slapjack .
Retribution still competed in their stylized masks and brought the fight to the Hurt Business .
Lashley was still able to hold his own , however , and applied the Hurt Lock onto Slapjack to try and win the bout .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ to break up the submission hold , ending the match in a disqualification .
More masked members of Retribution then returned and swarmed the Hurt Business until WWE Champion Drew McIntyre arrived with members of the Raw locker room .
McIntyre and the others fought off Retribution until the champ was alone in the ring .
Randy Orton took advantage of the chaos and took out McIntyre with a well-timed RKO from behind as Raw went off the air .
Orton is facing McIntyre for the WWE Championship in an ambulance match Sunday @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
A winner is declared after an opponent is sent to the hospital .
Orton had also attacked McIntyre while the champ was in a match against Keith Lee .
McIntyre and Lee previously had their bout interrupted by Retribution and picked up right where they left off Monday with a hard-hitting contest .
McIntyre pulled ahead in the match after he struck Lee down with a Claymore but Orton entered the ring and smashed a steel chair across McIntyre 's back .
The Viper then pressed the chair against McIntyre 's previously @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the head .
Orton walked up to an ambulance that was parked by the ringside area and promised that he will become WWE Champion for a 14th time .
Also on Raw , Seth Rollins continued his rivalry with the Mysterio family and tried to drive a wedge between Rey Mysterio and his daughter Aalyah Mysterio .
Rollins brought out DNA test results showing that Rey Mysterio is not the father of Aalyah Mysterio .
Rey Mysterio mocked Rollins ' attempts to mess with his family but angered his daughter after he referred @ @ @ @ @ @ @ pointed out how Aalyah Mysterio had comforted his partner Murphy instead of her brother Dominik Mysterio following a match between the two .
Aalyah Mysterio ran backstage where she was later comforted by Murphy .
Other moments from Raw included Andrade and Angel Garza earning a Raw Tag Team Championship match against The Street Profits ; Aleister Black attacking Kevin Owens during the KO Show ; Zelina Vega defeating Mickie James to earn a Raw Women 's Championship match against Asuka ; Apollo Crews defeating Alexander ; Dolph Ziggler defeating Arturo Ruas in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Champions Nia Jax and Shayna Baszler defeating Natalya and Lana ; Riddick Moss defeating Erik in Raw Underground ; Asuka defeating Peyton Royce ; and Braun Strowman defeating Dabba-Kato in Raw Underground .

Sept. 22 (UPI) -- The masked group Retribution had their first WWE match on Raw as they took on The Hurt Business in the main event.
Retribution, who have been causing chaos by destroying WWE property and interrupting matches for weeks, kicked off Raw on Monday by revealing more of their faces.
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The Raw announce team confirmed that the five core members of Retribution -- three men and two women -- have signed contracts with WWE. The Hurt Business arrived on the scene and confronted Retribution, who retreated until more members could show up.
Retribution, with the superior numbers, easily took down The Hurt Business, which consists of U.S. Champion Bobby Lashley, MVP Shelton Benjamin and Cedric Alexander. A Six-Man Tag Team match was then set for the main event between Lashley, Benjamin and Alexander against Retribution's T-Bar, Mace and Slapjack.
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Retribution still competed in their stylized masks and brought the fight to the Hurt Business. Lashley was still able to hold his own, however, and applied the Hurt Lock onto Slapjack to try and win the bout.
T-Bar attacked Lashley from the ring apron to break up the submission hold, ending the match in a disqualification. More masked members of Retribution then returned and swarmed the Hurt Business until WWE Champion Drew McIntyre arrived with members of the Raw locker room.
McIntyre and the others fought off Retribution until the champ was alone in the ring. Randy Orton took advantage of the chaos and took out McIntyre with a well-timed RKO from behind as Raw went off the air.
Orton is facing McIntyre for the WWE Championship in an ambulance match Sunday at the Clash of Champions pay-per-view event. A winner is declared after an opponent is sent to the hospital.
Orton had also attacked McIntyre while the champ was in a match against Keith Lee. McIntyre and Lee previously had their bout interrupted by Retribution and picked up right where they left off Monday with a hard-hitting contest.
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McIntyre pulled ahead in the match after he struck Lee down with a Claymore but Orton entered the ring and smashed a steel chair across McIntyre's back. The Viper then pressed the chair against McIntyre's previously fractured jaw before he kicked Lee in the head.
Orton walked up to an ambulance that was parked by the ringside area and promised that he will become WWE Champion for a 14th time.
Also on Raw, Seth Rollins continued his rivalry with the Mysterio family and tried to drive a wedge between Rey Mysterio and his daughter Aalyah Mysterio. Rollins brought out DNA test results showing that Rey Mysterio is not the father of Aalyah Mysterio.
Rey Mysterio mocked Rollins' attempts to mess with his family but angered his daughter after he referred to her as naive. Rollins also pointed out how Aalyah Mysterio had comforted his partner Murphy instead of her brother Dominik Mysterio following a match between the two.
Aalyah Mysterio ran backstage where she was later comforted by Murphy.
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Other moments from Raw included Andrade and Angel Garza earning a Raw Tag Team Championship match against The Street Profits; Aleister Black attacking Kevin Owens during the KO Show; Zelina Vega defeating Mickie James to earn a Raw Women's Championship match against Asuka; Apollo Crews defeating Alexander; Dolph Ziggler defeating Arturo Ruas in Raw Underground; Women's Tag Team Champions Nia Jax and Shayna Baszler defeating Natalya and Lana; Riddick Moss defeating Erik in Raw Underground; Asuka defeating Peyton Royce; and Braun Strowman defeating Dabba-Kato in Raw Underground.


upi--2020-09-22--U.S.-China fight over fishing is really about world domination

Sept. 22 ( UPI ) -- China 's aggressive , sometimes illegal fishing practices are the latest source of conflict with the United States .
China has the world 's largest fishing fleet .
Beijing claims to send around 2,600 vessels out to fish across the globe , but some maritime experts say this distant-water fishing fleet may number nearly 17,000 .
The United States has fewer than 300 distant-water ships .
According to the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea , nations control marine resources within a 200-mile `` exclusive economic zone '' ; beyond @ @ @ @ @ @ @ United States never signed the treaty , it has declared a 200-mile offshore exclusive economic zone .
Bolstered by generous subsidies and at times protected by armed coast guard cutters , Chinese fishermen have been illegally fishing near the Korean Peninsula and in the South China Sea , a hotly contested areaclaimed by six countries .
By exploiting these waters China has come to dominate the international squid market .
Nearly half of this catch is exported to other Asian nations , Europe and the United States .
Chinese ships have even pushed @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , where fishermen have been known to remove their identifying flags to avoid detection .
In 2017 , Ecuador caught 20 Chinese fishermen in the environmentally protected Galapagos Marine Reserve and sentenced them to four years in prison for capturing thousands of sharks , the primary ingredient in a Chinese delicacy , shark fin soup .
In August , U.S. Secretary of StateMike Pompeo criticized China for `` predatory fishing practices '' that violate `` the sovereign rights and jurisdiction of coastal states . ''
China 's Foreign Ministry said Pompeo was just @ @ @ @ @ @ @ countries . ''
But Pompeo 's rebuke is about more than fish .
Governments often use the fishing industry to advance their diplomatic agenda , as my work as a historian of fishing and American foreign relations shows .
The United States used fishing , directly and indirectly , to build its international empire from its founding through the 20th century .
Now China 's doing it , too .
Before the 1800s , when international law began to define maritime rights , restrictions on fishing depended wholly on what a given nation @ @ @ @ @ @ @ at the Paris negotiation to end the Revolutionary War in 1783 , future President John Adams insisted that Great Britain recognize the right of Americans to fish the North Atlantic .
Its rich waters were full of cod and mackerel , but that 's not all : The fishing rights Adams won in 1783 extended the young country 's presence well into the sea .
Because American fishing rights were recognized alongside American statehood , my research shows , generations of U.S. diplomats associated the two .
In 1797 , Secretary of State @ @ @ @ @ @ @ fairest fruits of independence . ''
Even so , for decades after independence , the United States and Great Britain quarreled over international fishing , leading to many new and renegotiated treaties .
At each turn , the Americans uniformly defended their right to fish the North Atlantic , even threatening war to do so .
By the 1860s , international fishing had become a key component of America 's newly expansionist foreign policy .
Between 1850 and 1898 , the United States annexed numerous overseas territories , among them Alaska , Puerto @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Philippines .
Today , this empire gives both American fishing vessels and the U.S. military a global reach .
Secretary of State William Henry Seward , who purchased Alaska and its rich North Pacific waters under Andrew Johnson in 1867 , also tried unsuccessfully to buy Greenland and Iceland , hoping to further extend American fishing claims across the North Atlantic .
During archival research , I learned that Seward 's like-minded successor , Hamilton Fish , toyed with the idea of purchasing the Canary Islands , near northwest Africa , as a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ fishermen .
For a time around the turn of the 20th century , fishing took a back seat to military might in the United States ' international power plays .
After World War II , though , Washington again turned to marine resources to serve its foreign policy agenda .
This time the government used what I call `` fish diplomacy '' to help build a more America-friendly world order .
American diplomats of the 1940s used the notion of `` maximum sustainable yield '' -- that is , the idea that there @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the number of fish caught without damaging the long-term health of fisheries -- to expand American maritime influence .
The idea was more political tool than scientific discovery , as historian Carmel Finley has thoroughly explored .
But the United States used this faux sustainability argument to pass laws and agreements that limited foreign incursions into American waters while giving American fishermen freer reign over the world 's oceans .
Citing maximum sustainable yield , the Truman administration declared conservation zones to protect certain fisheries in 1945 .
This move essentially barred Japanese @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
Just a few years later , the State Department cited maximum sustainable yield to argue against restricting U.S. tuna fishing in Latin American waters .
As the Cold War developed in the 1950s , fish diplomacy helped the United States shore up allies to counter the Soviet Union .
Washington gave generous subsidies to expand the fishing fleets of various countries -- most notably Japan , whose war-ravaged economy was revived in part by the U.S. boat-building subsidies that resurrected its own once vital empire-building fishing industry .
The United States also @ @ @ @ @ @ @ like Iceland , making their main export , cod , cheaper for Americans to buy .
Of course , the United States also fought communism with mutual defense alliances , arms sales to friendly nations and direct military interventions .
But fishery politics was part of its Cold War plan .
This history helps explain why the United States now sees China 's enormous fishing fleet and international trawling as threat .
In sending its fishermen far and wide , Beijing has , wittingly or not , followed America 's lead .
Blake @ @ @ @ @ @ @ at Texas A & M University .
This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license .
Read the original article .

1/4
Chinese fishing boats are moored at a coastal port in Binhai, an important shipping and fishing port near Tianjin. File Photo by Stephen Shaver/UPI | License Photo
Sept. 22 (UPI) -- China's aggressive, sometimes illegal fishing practices are the latest source of conflict with the United States. China has the world's largest fishing fleet. Beijing claims to send around 2,600 vessels out to fish across the globe, but some maritime experts say this distant-water fishing fleet may number nearly 17,000. The United States has fewer than 300 distant-water ships. Advertisement
According to the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, nations control marine resources within a 200-mile "exclusive economic zone"; beyond that are international waters. While the United States never signed the treaty, it has declared a 200-mile offshore exclusive economic zone.
Bolstered by generous subsidies and at times protected by armed coast guard cutters, Chinese fishermen have been illegally fishing near the Korean Peninsula and in the South China Sea, a hotly contested areaclaimed by six countries. By exploiting these waters China has come to dominate the international squid market. Nearly half of this catch is exported to other Asian nations, Europe and the United States.
Advertisement
Chinese ships have even pushed as far as Africa and South America, where fishermen have been known to remove their identifying flags to avoid detection. In 2017, Ecuador caught 20 Chinese fishermen in the environmentally protected Galapagos Marine Reserve and sentenced them to four years in prison for capturing thousands of sharks, the primary ingredient in a Chinese delicacy, shark fin soup.
In August, U.S. Secretary of StateMike Pompeo criticized China for "predatory fishing practices" that violate "the sovereign rights and jurisdiction of coastal states."
China's Foreign Ministry said Pompeo was just trying "stir up trouble for other countries."
But Pompeo's rebuke is about more than fish. Governments often use the fishing industry to advance their diplomatic agenda, as my work as a historian of fishing and American foreign relations shows. The United States used fishing, directly and indirectly, to build its international empire from its founding through the 20th century. Now China's doing it, too.
Independence to imperialism
Before the 1800s, when international law began to define maritime rights, restrictions on fishing depended wholly on what a given nation could enforce.
That's why, at the Paris negotiation to end the Revolutionary War in 1783, future President John Adams insisted that Great Britain recognize the right of Americans to fish the North Atlantic. Its rich waters were full of cod and mackerel, but that's not all: The fishing rights Adams won in 1783 extended the young country's presence well into the sea.
Advertisement
Because American fishing rights were recognized alongside American statehood, my research shows, generations of U.S. diplomats associated the two. In 1797, Secretary of State Timothy Pickering called American fisheries "the fairest fruits of independence."
Even so, for decades after independence, the United States and Great Britain quarreled over international fishing, leading to many new and renegotiated treaties. At each turn, the Americans uniformly defended their right to fish the North Atlantic, even threatening war to do so.
By the 1860s, international fishing had become a key component of America's newly expansionist foreign policy. Between 1850 and 1898, the United States annexed numerous overseas territories, among them Alaska, Puerto Rico, Hawaii, Guam and the Philippines. Today, this empire gives both American fishing vessels and the U.S. military a global reach.
Secretary of State William Henry Seward, who purchased Alaska and its rich North Pacific waters under Andrew Johnson in 1867, also tried unsuccessfully to buy Greenland and Iceland, hoping to further extend American fishing claims across the North Atlantic. During archival research, I learned that Seward's like-minded successor, Hamilton Fish, toyed with the idea of purchasing the Canary Islands, near northwest Africa, as a naval depot and a base for American fishermen.
Advertisement
Cold War fish
For a time around the turn of the 20th century, fishing took a back seat to military might in the United States' international power plays.
After World War II, though, Washington again turned to marine resources to serve its foreign policy agenda. This time the government used what I call "fish diplomacy" to help build a more America-friendly world order.
American diplomats of the 1940s used the notion of "maximum sustainable yield" -- that is, the idea that there is a level of fishing that maximizes the number of fish caught without damaging the long-term health of fisheries -- to expand American maritime influence.
The idea was more political tool than scientific discovery, as historian Carmel Finley has thoroughly explored. But the United States used this faux sustainability argument to pass laws and agreements that limited foreign incursions into American waters while giving American fishermen freer reign over the world's oceans.
Citing maximum sustainable yield, the Truman administration declared conservation zones to protect certain fisheries in 1945. This move essentially barred Japanese salmon fishermen from Alaska's Bristol Bay. Just a few years later, the State Department cited maximum sustainable yield to argue against restricting U.S. tuna fishing in Latin American waters.
Advertisement
As the Cold War developed in the 1950s, fish diplomacy helped the United States shore up allies to counter the Soviet Union.
Washington gave generous subsidies to expand the fishing fleets of various countries -- most notably Japan, whose war-ravaged economy was revived in part by the U.S. boat-building subsidies that resurrected its own once vital empire-building fishing industry. The United States also lowered tariffs for strategically located fishing nations like Iceland, making their main export, cod, cheaper for Americans to buy.
Of course, the United States also fought communism with mutual defense alliances, arms sales to friendly nations and direct military interventions. But fishery politics was part of its Cold War plan.
This history helps explain why the United States now sees China's enormous fishing fleet and international trawling as threat. In sending its fishermen far and wide, Beijing has, wittingly or not, followed America's lead.
Blake Earle is an assistant professor of history at Texas A&M University.
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This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.


upi--2020-09-22--Ang Rita Sherpa, 1st to climb Mt. Everest without oxygen, dies at 72

Sept. 22 ( UPI ) -- Ang Rita Sherpa , the first person to climb Mount Everest 10 times without the aid of an oxygen bottle , died Monday at 72 in Kathmandu after suffering a stroke .
The legendary climber was a local celebrity who had his accomplishments officially documented in the by Guinness Book of World Records in 2017 .
He earned the nickname `` Snow Leopard '' for his climbing skills .
Sherpa grew up as a member of the successful Sherpa clan , a group of Himalayan people known for their skill in mountaineering .
He @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of Yillajung in eastern Nepal and began climbing at a young age .
He later and graduated with a degree in parks , recreation and tourism from Lincoln University in New Zealand .
Sherpa volunteered for nine months in the United States as a volunteer in the National Park Service at Yellowstone and Grand Teton national parks before joining The Mountain Institute .
He first climbed Mount Everest while with a Belgian expedition team in 1982 and became the first to climb the mountain five years later in the winter without supplementary oxygen @ @ @ @ @ @ @ because of poor health .
Sherpa 's oldest son , who was also a climber who scaled Mount Everest several times , died in 2012 after suffering from altitude sickness at a base camp on the mountain .
Despite his fame , Sherpa struggled financially after his retirement from climbing .
`` He was soft-spoken and normally did not speak much , '' journalist Narayan Wagle said .
`` When we asked questions he answered in few words .
In our early days of journalism ... we would meet him and ask him @ @ @ @ @ @

Ang Rita Sherpa in 1987 became the first person ever to climb Mount Everest in the winter without the aid of oxygen. File Photo by Narendra Shrestha/EPA
Sept. 22 (UPI) -- Ang Rita Sherpa, the first person to climb Mount Everest 10 times without the aid of an oxygen bottle, died Monday at 72 in Kathmandu after suffering a stroke. The legendary climber was a local celebrity who had his accomplishments officially documented in the by Guinness Book of World Records in 2017. He earned the nickname "Snow Leopard" for his climbing skills. Advertisement
Sherpa grew up as a member of the successful Sherpa clan, a group of Himalayan people known for their skill in mountaineering.
He was born in 1948 in the village of Yillajung in eastern Nepal and began climbing at a young age. He later and graduated with a degree in parks, recreation and tourism from Lincoln University in New Zealand.
Sherpa volunteered for nine months in the United States as a volunteer in the National Park Service at Yellowstone and Grand Teton national parks before joining The Mountain Institute.
He first climbed Mount Everest while with a Belgian expedition team in 1982 and became the first to climb the mountain five years later in the winter without supplementary oxygen. He retired from climbing in 1996 because of poor health.
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Sherpa's oldest son, who was also a climber who scaled Mount Everest several times, died in 2012 after suffering from altitude sickness at a base camp on the mountain.
Despite his fame, Sherpa struggled financially after his retirement from climbing.
"He was soft-spoken and normally did not speak much," journalist Narayan Wagle said. "When we asked questions he answered in few words. In our early days of journalism ... we would meet him and ask him about his mountaineering exploits."


upi--2020-09-22--Stanley Cup Final: Lightning beat Stars in Game 2, even series

Sept. 22 ( UPI ) -- The Tampa Bay Lightning scored three goals in the first period and held on down the stretch to beat the Tampa Bay Lightning in Game 2 of the Stanley Cup Final and even the series .
Brayden Point , Ondrej Palat and Kevin Shattenkirk each lit the lamp in the first frame of the 3-2 win Monday at Rogers Place in Edmonton , Alberta , Canada .
`` We really got back to what makes us successful as a team , '' Lightning defenseman Victor Hedman told reporters .
`` I liked the way @ @ @ @ @ @ @ goal .
We really closed them out . ''
Joe Pavelski scored for the Stars 14:43 into the second period .
Mattias Janmark cut the deficit to one goal with another Dallas score 5:27 into the third period .
The Lightning defense was dominant down the stretch to secure the victory .
Goaltender Andrei Vasilevskiy also had 27 saves in the win .
Anton Khudobin had 28 saves for the Stars .
`` You ca n't do what we did in the last half of the first period , '' Stars coach Rick @ @ @ @ @ @ @ simple to explain . ''
Hedman and Nikita Kucherov each had two assists in the victory .
`` We had a 3-0 lead in the Stanley Cup Final and we gave up two , '' Lightning coach Jon Cooper said .
`` This team never puts themselves in panic mode .
Instead of trying to protect the lead , they went out there and tried to take it to them .
The Stars face the Lightning in Game 3 of the 2020 Stanley Cup Final at 8 p.m. EDT Wednesday at Rogers Place @ @ @ @ @ @ @ EDT on Friday in Edmonton .

Tampa Bay Lightning goaltender Andrei Vasilevskiy had 27 saves in a win over the Dallas Stars in Game 2 of the 2020 Stanley Cup Final Monday at Rogers Place in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. File Photo by Bill Greenblatt/UPI | License Photo
Sept. 22 (UPI) -- The Tampa Bay Lightning scored three goals in the first period and held on down the stretch to beat the Tampa Bay Lightning in Game 2 of the Stanley Cup Final and even the series. Brayden Point, Ondrej Palat and Kevin Shattenkirk each lit the lamp in the first frame of the 3-2 win Monday at Rogers Place in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Advertisement
"We really got back to what makes us successful as a team," Lightning defenseman Victor Hedman told reporters. "I liked the way we responded after they scored their second goal. We really closed them out."
Joe Pavelski scored for the Stars 14:43 into the second period. Mattias Janmark cut the deficit to one goal with another Dallas score 5:27 into the third period.
The Lightning defense was dominant down the stretch to secure the victory. Goaltender Andrei Vasilevskiy also had 27 saves in the win. Anton Khudobin had 28 saves for the Stars.
"You can't do what we did in the last half of the first period," Stars coach Rick Bowness said. "It's pretty simple to explain."
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Hedman and Nikita Kucherov each had two assists in the victory.
"We had a 3-0 lead in the Stanley Cup Final and we gave up two," Lightning coach Jon Cooper said. "This team never puts themselves in panic mode. Instead of trying to protect the lead, they went out there and tried to take it to them.
"We were completely engaged."
The Stars face the Lightning in Game 3 of the 2020 Stanley Cup Final at 8 p.m. EDT Wednesday at Rogers Place. Game 4 is at 8 p.m. EDT on Friday in Edmonton.


upi--2020-09-22--Google promotes registering to vote in new Doodle

Sept. 22 ( UPI ) -- Google is encouraging users to register to vote in a new election-themed Doodle released @ @ @ @ @ Voter Registration Day .
Google 's homepage features the company 's logo alongside three patriotic @ @ @ @ @ to vote .
Users who click on the Doodle will be able to type in @ @ @ @ @ about how to register to vote along with registration deadlines , absentee ballot deadlines and @ @ @ @ @ place .
`` Today 's 2020 U.S. National Voter Registration Day reminder Doodle leads to @ @ @ @ @ you register in your state and get basic voter information ahead of the election on @ @ @ @ @ said .
A federal judge ruled on Monday that the U.S .
Postal Service must @ @ @ @ @ and make other changes to compensate for `` managerial failures '' that risk the security @ @ @ @

Google is reminding users to register to vote in a new Doodle. Image courtesy of Google
Sept. 22 (UPI) -- Google is encouraging users to register to vote in a new election-themed Doodle released Tuesday in honor of National Voter Registration Day. Google's homepage features the company's logo alongside three patriotic campaign buttons that promote registering to vote. Advertisement
Users who click on the Doodle will be able to type in their state to learn more about how to register to vote along with registration deadlines, absentee ballot deadlines and when early voting is taking place.
"Today's 2020 U.S. National Voter Registration Day reminder Doodle leads to a tool that will help you register in your state and get basic voter information ahead of the election on Nov. 3," Google said.
A federal judge ruled on Monday that the U.S. Postal Service must treat election mail as first-class and make other changes to compensate for "managerial failures" that risk the security of mail-in voting.


upi--2020-09-22--Tropical Storm Beta slowly moving inland over Texas coast

Sept. 22 ( UPI ) -- Tropical Storm Beta made landfall along the Texas Gulf Coast late Monday , becoming the ninth named storm to hit the United States this year .
The National Hurricane Center said in its 4 a.m. CDT update Tuesday , the center of the storm was 35 miles northwest of Port O'Connor , Texas , and 45 miles northwest of Matagorda , Texas .
It had maximum sustained winds of 40 mph and was moving northwest at 3 mph .
`` On the forecast track , the center of Beta will move inland over southeastern @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and Mississippi Wednesday night through Friday , '' the NHC said .
The center said the storm is expected to stall over land on Tuesday as it moves to the northeast toward the Louisiana coast .
It 's forecast to weaken to a depression late Tuesday or early Wednesday .
Communities that were devastated by Hurricane Laura , and to some extent more recently by Hurricane Sally , could face strong winds and downpours that could hinder ongoing recovery efforts .
Texas Gov .
Greg Abbott issued a disaster declaration for 29 counties @ @ @ @ @ @ @ toward the coast .
Louisiana Gov .
John Bel Edwards declared a state of emergency on Monday , opening up state resources to aid in local government response .
He warned that the storm 's slow movement puts the southwestern part of the state at risk for flooding through at least the middle of the week .
Widespread rainfall totals of 4-8 inches are expected across southeastern Texas and into southern Louisiana .
Heavy rainfall and the risk for flash flooding are likely even if the storm wobbles back over the water and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ as currently forecast .
`` This rainfall can lead to significant , life-threatening flooding , which may last for several days , '' AccuWeather Senior Meteorologist Rob Miller said .
Even though Beta is not nearly as strong as Hurricane Harvey , which exploded into a Category 4 storm in 2017 , it is expected to crawl across the region , and forecasters warn that it will have enough fuel to produce torrential rainfall along its path .
In 2017 , Harvey unloaded up to 61 inches of rain as it spent days @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , Tropical Storm Allison unleashed disastrous flooding across southeastern Texas , due to its slow movement .
Should the storm stall near the Texas coast , rainfall amounts could be higher and may even exceed 24 inches .
Conversely , should Beta move along at a quicker pace or more drier air get pulled into the storm , total rainfall amounts could be cut in half for some locations , though flooding would still remain a threat .
Waterspouts and isolated tornadoes can occur in Beta 's outer bands to the northeast of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ on the exact track of Beta , drenching downpours could reach the Southeast later in the week , including areas recently impacted by Hurricane Sally .
Weak steering winds have resulted in Beta meandering over the Gulf of Mexico since last week .
The tropical storm claimed the second letter in the Greek alphabet on Friday , following Wilfred and Alpha .
Once the last name on the Atlantic hurricane season 's designated list is exhausted , Greek letters are used to identify tropical storms .
Prior to Beta , eight storms had @ @ @ @ @ @ @ hyperactive 2020 hurricane season .
In comparison , 3 to 4 storms typically strike the country during an entire hurricane season .

Tropical Storm Beta is seen over southeastern Texas early Tuesday. The storm is expected to move slowly to the northeast Tuesday and Wednesday, ultimately weakening to a depression. Image courtesy NOAA/NHC
Sept. 22 (UPI) -- Tropical Storm Beta made landfall along the Texas Gulf Coast late Monday, becoming the ninth named storm to hit the United States this year. The National Hurricane Center said in its 4 a.m. CDT update Tuesday, the center of the storm was 35 miles northwest of Port O'Connor, Texas, and 45 miles northwest of Matagorda, Texas. It had maximum sustained winds of 40 mph and was moving northwest at 3 mph. Advertisement
"On the forecast track, the center of Beta will move inland over southeastern Texas through Wednesday and then over Louisiana and Mississippi Wednesday night through Friday," the NHC said.
The center said the storm is expected to stall over land on Tuesday as it moves to the northeast toward the Louisiana coast. It's forecast to weaken to a depression late Tuesday or early Wednesday.
Communities that were devastated by Hurricane Laura, and to some extent more recently by Hurricane Sally, could face strong winds and downpours that could hinder ongoing recovery efforts.
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Texas Gov. Greg Abbott issued a disaster declaration for 29 counties in Texas on Monday as Beta churned toward the coast.
Louisiana Gov. John Bel Edwards declared a state of emergency on Monday, opening up state resources to aid in local government response. He warned that the storm's slow movement puts the southwestern part of the state at risk for flooding through at least the middle of the week.
Widespread rainfall totals of 4-8 inches are expected across southeastern Texas and into southern Louisiana.
Heavy rainfall and the risk for flash flooding are likely even if the storm wobbles back over the water and lingers just offshore of the Texas coast as currently forecast.
"This rainfall can lead to significant, life-threatening flooding, which may last for several days," AccuWeather Senior Meteorologist Rob Miller said.
Even though Beta is not nearly as strong as Hurricane Harvey, which exploded into a Category 4 storm in 2017, it is expected to crawl across the region, and forecasters warn that it will have enough fuel to produce torrential rainfall along its path. In 2017, Harvey unloaded up to 61 inches of rain as it spent days spinning over eastern Texas.
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In 2001, Tropical Storm Allison unleashed disastrous flooding across southeastern Texas, due to its slow movement.
Should the storm stall near the Texas coast, rainfall amounts could be higher and may even exceed 24 inches. Conversely, should Beta move along at a quicker pace or more drier air get pulled into the storm, total rainfall amounts could be cut in half for some locations, though flooding would still remain a threat.
Waterspouts and isolated tornadoes can occur in Beta's outer bands to the northeast of the center of the storm.
Depending on the exact track of Beta, drenching downpours could reach the Southeast later in the week, including areas recently impacted by Hurricane Sally.
Weak steering winds have resulted in Beta meandering over the Gulf of Mexico since last week.
The tropical storm claimed the second letter in the Greek alphabet on Friday, following Wilfred and Alpha. Once the last name on the Atlantic hurricane season's designated list is exhausted, Greek letters are used to identify tropical storms.
Prior to Beta, eight storms had made landfall in the U.S. during the hyperactive 2020 hurricane season. In comparison, 3 to 4 storms typically strike the country during an entire hurricane season.


upi--2020-09-22--Watch live: President Donald Trump to deliver address Tuesday at U.N. General Assembly debate

Sept. 22 ( UPI ) -- The General Debate of the 75th United Nations General Assembly begins Tuesday morning and President Donald Trump will be one of the first leaders to make their address .
The first session of the high-level debate starts at 9 a.m. EDT and Trump is scheduled to speak in the morning bloc .
This year 's debate , like many other high profile events in the COVID-19 era , will largely be held remotely .
Many of the leaders , including Trump , will address the assembly in pre-recorded remarks .
Others scheduled to speak @ @ @ @ @ @ @ President Jair Bolsonaro , Chinese President Xi Jinping , Turkey President Recep Tayyip Erdogan , Russian President Vladimir Putin , South Korea President Moon Jae-in , Iran President Hassan Rouhani and French President Emmanuel Macron .
The United Nations itself will also be a central figure at the unconventional assembly this week , which marks the 75th anniversary of the organization 's founding .
During a high-level meeting commemorating the anniversary on Monday , General Assembly President Volkan Bozkir acknowledged that the United Nations was born out of the `` smoldering wreckage '' @ @ @ @ @ @ @ founders recognized that the three pillars of the United Nations -- peace and security , development and human rights -- are equally important , interrelated and interdependent .
One can not advance without the other , '' he said .
The General Assembly is the first since Trump decided earlier this year to withdraw from the World Health Organization , the chief U.N. health agency .
A pre-recorded message from Trump scheduled to play during Monday 's event was absent , without explanation from U.S. or U.N. officials , The New York Times @ @ @ @ @ @ @ recently between Trump and the leaders of Iran and China , all of whom will deliver their remarks in the opening session .
In all , 170 heads of state and government leaders will take part in the General Debate this week -- the most ever for the event .
However , most will not travel to the U.N. headquarters in New York City amid 14-day quarantine regulations due to the pandemic .
Trump originally suggested he would travel to Manhattan to deliver his speech at the Assembly Hall , but the White @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
U.N. spokesman Stephan Dujarric estimated that about 200 people will be present in the hall during the speeches -- diplomats from all member states who will introduce the pre-recorded speeches .

President Donald Trump delivers a recorded address Tuesday at the 75th General Debate of the United Nations General Assembly. Photo courtesy of the United Nations
Sept. 22 (UPI) -- In a recorded address Tuesday at the 75th U.N. General Assembly, U.S. President Donald Trump slammed China for its response to COVID-19 in the early weeks of the pandemic. Trump's taped remarks were broadcast on the first day of the assembly's General Debate, along with recorded addresses from other global leaders. Advertisement
"The Chinese government and the World Health Organization, which is virtually controlled by China, falsely declared that there was no evidence of human-to-human transmission," Trump said. "The United Nations must hold China accountable for their actions."
China's U.N. ambassador, Zhang Jun, said his country's leadership "resolutely rejects the baseless accusations against China. Zhang introduced Chinese President Xi Jinping's pre-recorded statement to the U.N. General Assembly.
"The world is at a crossroads. At this moment, the world needs more solidarity and cooperation, but not confrontation," Zhang said.
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Again calling it the "China virus," Trump declared that the world's nations will "defeat" the pandemic and touted his administration's record in fighting the virus on a day when the U.S. death toll topped 200,000.
The General Assembly is the first since Trump decided earlier this year to withdraw from WHO, the chief U.N. health agency.
Xi called for global cooperation to defeat the pandemic and appeared to offer a less divisive tone than Trump.
"We will continue to narrow differences and resolve disputes with others through dialogue and negotiation," Xi said. "We will not seek to develop only ourselves or engage in zero sum game.
This year's debate, like many other high-profile events in the COVID-19 era, will largely be held remotely.
Preceding Trump's address, U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres warned that the worsening relations between the United States and China hold the potential for a "new cold war."
"We are moving in a very dangerous direction," he said. "Our world cannot afford a future where the two largest economies split the globe in a great fracture -- each with its own trade and financial rules and Internet and artificial intelligence capacities."
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Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan each delivered taped addresses immediately following Trump.
Bolsonaro defended his government's record in protecting the Amazon rainforest, claiming his administration is the victim of "a brutal disinformation campaign."
The Brazilian leader said the true goal of environmentalists is to "harm the government and Brazil itself."
The remarks came as a record number of fires burned through the Pantanal, the world's largest tropical wetlands.
Erdogan called for "comprehensive and meaningful reforms" at the United Nations, including a restructuring to expand the Security Council beyond the five permanent, veto-holding members -- the United States, Britain, China, France and Russia.
The COVID-19 pandemic has shown "how ineffective" the Security Council is set up, he said.
"Thus, we have once again seen the rightfulness of the 'the world is bigger than five' thesis, which I have been advocating for years from this rostrum."
Russian President Vladimir Putin, in his address, called for stronger cooperation with WHO and promised his country's newly developed COVID-19 vaccine was safe and effective.
"We are proposing to hold an online high-level conference shortly for countries interested in cooperation in the development of anti-coronavirus vaccines," he said.
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"We are ready to share experience and continue cooperating with all states and international entities, including in supplying the Russian vaccine, which has proved reliable, safe and effective, to other countries."
Iranian President Hassan Rouhani focused much of his speech on his country's nuclear ambitions, rebuking the United States' decision to withdraw from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action nuclear deal and reimpose sanctions on Iran.
"Iran is not a bargaining chip in U.S. elections and domestic policy," Rouhani said. "Any U.S. administration after the upcoming elections will have no choice but to surrender to the resilience of the Iranian nation.
Others scheduled to give remarks in Tuesday's early session were South Korean President Moon Jae-in and French President Emmanuel Macron.
In all, 170 heads of state and government leaders will take part in the General Debate this week -- the most ever for the event. However, most will not travel to the U.N. headquarters in New York City amid 14-day quarantine regulations due to the pandemic.
U.N. spokesman Stephan Dujarric estimated that about 200 people will be present in the hall during the speeches -- diplomats from all member states who will introduce the pre-recorded speeches.