principiascientificinternational--2020-07-25--The Science: Masks Are Neither Effective Nor Safe

The Science : Masks Are Neither Effective Nor Safe At this writing , there is a recent surge in widespread use by the public of facemasks when in public places , including for extended periods of time , in the United States as well as in other countries .
The public has been instructed by media and their governments that one ’ s use of masks , even if not sick , may prevent others from being infected with SARS-CoV-2 , the infectious agent of COVID-19 .
A review of the peer-reviewed medical literature examines impacts on human health , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
The purpose of this paper is to examine data regarding the effectiveness of facemasks , as well as safety data .
The reason that both are examined in one paper is that for the general public as a whole , as well as for every individual , a risk-benefit analysis is necessary to guide decisions on if and when to wear a mask .
Are masks effective at preventing transmission of respiratory pathogens ?
In this meta-analysis , face masks were found to have no detectable effect against transmission of viral infections @ @ @ @ @ @ @ “ Compared to no masks , there was no reduction of influenza-like illness cases or influenza for masks in the general population , nor in healthcare workers.
” This 2020 meta-analysis found that evidence from randomized controlled trials of face masks did not support a substantial effect on transmission of laboratory-confirmed influenza , either when worn by infected persons ( source control ) or by persons in the general community to reduce their susceptibility .
( 2 ) Another recent review found that masks had no effect specifically against Covid-19 , although facemask @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of 31 studies , “ very slightly reduced ” odds of developing influenza-like illness .
( 3 ) This 2019 study of 2862 participants showed that both N95 respirators and surgical masks “ resulted in no significant difference in the incidence of laboratory confirmed influenza.
” ( 4 ) This 2016 meta-analysis found that both randomized controlled trials and observational studies of N95 respirators and surgical masks used by healthcare workers did not show benefit against transmission of acute respiratory infections .
It was also found that acute respiratory infection transmission “ may @ @ @ @ @ @ @ protective equipment during storage and reuse of masks and respirators throughout the workday.
” ( 5 ) A 2011 meta-analysis of 17 studies regarding masks and effect on transmission of influenza found that “ none of the studies established a conclusive relationship between mask/respirator use and protection against influenza infection.
” ( 6 ) However , authors speculated that effectiveness of masks may be linked to early , consistent and correct usage .
Face mask use was likewise found to be not protective against the common cold , compared to controls without face @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ) Masks have been assumed to be effective in obstructing forward travel of viral particles .
Considering those positioned next to or behind a mask wearer , there have been farther transmission of virus-laden fluid particles from masked individuals than from unmasked individuals , by means of “ several leakage jets , including intense backward and downwards jets that may present major hazards , ” and a “ potentially dangerous leakage jet of up to several meters.
” ( 8 ) All masks were thought to reduce forward airflow by 90 % or @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , Schlieren imaging showed that both surgical masks and cloth masks had farther brow jets ( unfiltered upward airflow past eyebrows ) than not wearing any mask at all , 182 mm and 203 mm respectively , vs none discernible with no mask .
Backward unfiltered airflow was found to be strong with all masks compared to not masking .
For both N95 and surgical masks , it was found that expelled particles from 0.03 to 1 micron were deflected around the edges of each mask , and that there was measurable penetration @ @ @ @ @ @ @ mask .
( 9 ) A study of 44 mask brands found mean 35.6 % penetration ( + 34.7 % ) .
Most medical masks had over 20 % penetration , while “ general masks and handkerchiefs had no protective function in terms of the aerosol filtration efficiency.
” The study found that “ Medical masks , general masks , and handkerchiefs were found to provide little protection against respiratory aerosols.
” ( 10 ) It may be helpful to remember that an aerosol is a colloidal suspension of liquid or solid particles @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the relevant aerosol is the suspension of bacterial or viral particles in inhaled or exhaled breath .
In another study , penetration of cloth masks by particles was almost 97 % and medical masks 44 % .
( 11 ) Honeywell is a manufacturer of N95 respirators .
These are made with a 0.3 micron filter .
( 12 ) N95 respirators are so named , because 95 % of particles having a diameter of 0.3 microns are filtered by the mask forward of the wearer , by use of an electrostatic mechanism @ @ @ @ @ @ @ diameter .
This meta-analysis found that N95 respirators did not provide superior protection to facemasks against viral infections or influenza-like infections .
( 13 ) This study did find superior protection by N95 respirators when they were fit-tested compared to surgical masks .
( 14 ) This study found that 624 out of 714 people wearing N95 masks left visible gaps when putting on their own masks .
( 15 ) This study found that surgical masks offered no protection at all against influenza .
( 16 ) Another study found that surgical @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of aerosolized inactivated influenza particles and about 90 % of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria , although S aureus particles were about 6x the diameter of influenza particles .
( 17 ) Use of masks in surgery were found to slightly increase incidence of infection over not masking in a study of 3,088 surgeries .
( 18 ) The surgeons ’ masks were found to give no protective effect to the patients .
Other studies found no difference in wound infection rates with and without surgical masks .
( 19 ) ( 20 ) This @ @ @ @ @ @ @ lack of substantial evidence to support claims that facemasks protect either patient or surgeon from infectious contamination.
” ( 21 ) This study found that medical masks have a wide range of filtration efficiency , with most showing a 30 % to 50 % efficiency .
( 22 ) Specifically , are surgical masks effective in stopping human transmission of coronaviruses ?
Both experimental and control groups , masked and unmasked respectively , were found to “ not shed detectable virus in respiratory droplets or aerosols.
” ( 23 ) In that study @ @ @ @ @ @ @ infectivity of coronavirus ” as found in exhaled breath .
A study of aerosol penetration showed that two of the five surgical masks studied had 51 % to 89 % penetration of polydisperse aerosols .
( 24 ) In another study , that observed subjects while coughing , “ neither surgical nor cotton masks effectively filtered SARS-CoV-2 during coughs by infected patients.
” And more viral particles were found on the outside than on the inside of masks tested .
( 25 ) Cloth masks were found to have low efficiency for blocking @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Aerosol penetration through the various cloth masks examined in this study were between 74 and 90 % .
Likewise , the filtration efficiency of fabric materials was 3 % to 33 % ( 26 ) Healthcare workers wearing cloth masks were found to have 13 times the risk of influenza-like illness than those wearing medical masks .
( 27 ) This 1920 analysis of cloth mask use during the 1918 pandemic examines the failure of masks to impede or stop flu transmission at that time , and concluded that the number of layers @ @ @ @ @ @ @ would have required a suffocating number of layers , and could not be used for that reason , as well as the problem of leakage vents around the edges of cloth masks .
( 28 ) The New England Journal of Medicine editorial on the topic of mask use versus Covid-19 assesses the matter as follows : “ We know that wearing a mask outside health care facilities offers little , if any , protection from infection .
Public health authorities define a significant exposure to Covid-19 as face-to-face contact within 6 feet @ @ @ @ @ @ @ is sustained for at least a few minutes ( and some say more than 10 minutes or even 20 minutes ) .
The chance of catching Covid-19 from a passing interaction in a public space is therefore minimal .
In many cases , the desire for widespread masking is a reflexive reaction to anxiety over the pandemic.
” ( 29 ) During walking or other exercise Surgical mask wearers had significantly increased dyspnea after a 6-minute walk than non-mask wearers .
( 30 ) Researchers are concerned about possible burden of facemasks during @ @ @ @ @ @ @ immune systems , due to oxygen reduction and air trapping reducing substantial carbon dioxide exchange .
As a result of hypercapnia , there may be cardiac overload , renal overload , and a shift to metabolic acidosis .
( 31 ) Pregnant healthcare workers were found to have a loss in volume of oxygen consumption by 13.8 % compared to controls when wearing N95 respirators .
17.7 % less carbon dioxide was exhaled .
( 32 ) Patients with end-stage renal disease were studied during use of N95 respirators .
Their partial pressure @ @ @ @ @ @ @ compared to controls and increased respiratory adverse effects .
( 33 ) 19 % of the patients developed various degrees of hypoxemia while wearing the masks .
Healthcare workers ’ N95 respirators were measured by personal bioaerosol samplers to harbor influenza virus .
( 34 ) And 25 % of healthcare workers ’ facepiece respirators were found to contain influenza in an emergency department during the 2015 flu season .
( 35 )  Healthcare workers ’ surgical masks also were measured by personal bioaerosol samplers to harbor for influenza virus .
( @ @ @ @ @ @ @ on the outer surface of used medical masks , which could result in self-contamination .
The risk was found to be higher with longer duration of mask use .
( 37 ) Surgical masks were also found to be a repository of bacterial contamination .
The source of the bacteria was determined to be the body surface of the surgeons , rather than the operating room environment .
( 38 ) Given that surgeons are gowned from head to foot for surgery , this finding should be especially concerning for laypeople who wear @ @ @ @ @ @ @ surgeons , laypeople generally have even more exposed body surface to serve as a source for bacteria to collect on their masks .
Healthcare workers wearing cloth masks had significantly higher rates of influenza-like illness after four weeks of continuous on-the-job use , when compared to controls .
( 39 ) The increased rate of infection in mask-wearers may be due to a weakening of immune function during mask use .
Surgeons have been found to have lower oxygen saturation after surgeries even as short as 30 minutes .
( 40 ) Low @ @ @ @ @ @ @ HIF-1 ) .
( 41 ) This in turn down-regulates CD4+ T-cells .
CD4+ T-cells , in turn , are necessary for viral immunity .
( 42 )  In the summer of 2020 the United States is experiencing a surge of popular mask use , which is frequently promoted by the media , political leaders and celebrities .
Homemade and store-bought cloth masks and surgical masks or N95 masks are being used by the public especially when entering stores and other publicly accessible buildings .
Sometimes bandanas or scarves are used .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ cloth , surgical or N95 , creates a poor obstacle to aerosolized pathogens as we can see from the meta-analyses and other studies in this paper , allowing both transmission of aerosolized pathogens to others in various directions , as well as self-contamination .
It must also be considered that masks impede the necessary volume of air intake required for adequate oxygen exchange , which results in observed physiological effects that may be undesirable .
Even 6- minute walks , let alone more strenuous activity , resulted in dyspnea .
The volume of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ about 100 ml , used for normal physiological processes .
100 ml O2 greatly exceeds the volume of a pathogen required for transmission .
The foregoing data show that masks serve more as instruments of obstruction of normal breathing , rather than as effective barriers to pathogens .
Therefore , masks should not be used by the general public , either by adults or children , and their limitations as prophylaxis against pathogens should also be considered in medical settings .
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Facemasks and similar barriers to prevent respiratory illness such as COVID19 : A rapid systematic review .
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4 L Radonovich M Simberkoff , et al .
N95 respirators vs medical @ @ @ @ @ @ @ personnel : a randomized clinic trial .
JAMA .
2019 Sep 3 .
322 ( 9 ) : 824-833 .
6 F bin-Reza , V Lopez , et al .
The use of masks and respirators to prevent transmission of influenza : a systematic review of the scientific evidence .
2012 Jul ; 6 ( 4 ) : 257-267 .
7 J Jacobs , S Ohde , et al .
Use of surgical face masks to reduce the incidence of the common cold among health care workers in Japan : a randomized controlled @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 2009 Jun ; 37 ( 5 ) : 417-419 .
8 M Viola , B Peterson , et al .
Face coverings , aerosol dispersion and mitigation of virus transmission risk .
9 S Grinshpun , H Haruta , et al .
Performance of an N95 filtering facepiece particular respirator and a surgical mask during human breathing : two pathways for particle penetration .
J Occup Env Hygiene .
2009 ; 6 ( 10 ) :593-603 .
10 H Jung , J Kim , et al .
Comparison of filtration efficiency and pressure @ @ @ @ @ @ @ masks , medical masks , general masks , and handkerchiefs .
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2013 Jun .
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A cluster randomized trial of cloth masks compared with medical masks in healthcare workers .
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Effectiveness of masks and respirators against infections in healthcare workers : A systematic review and meta-analysis .
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A cluster randomized clinical trial comparing fit-tested and non-fit-tested N95 respirators to medical masks to prevent respiratory virus infection in health care workers .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ 17 N Shimasaki , A Okaue , et al .
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Is a mask necessary in the operating theatre ?
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Unmasking the surgeons : the evidence base behind the use of facemasks in surgery .
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23 N Leung , D Chu , et al .
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24 S Rengasamy , B Eimer , et al .
Simple respiratory protection – evaluation of the filtration performance of cloth masks and common fabric materials against 20-1000 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
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25 S Bae , M Kim , et al .
Effectiveness of surgical and cotton masks in blocking SARS-CoV-2 : A controlled comparison in 4 patients .
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2020 Apr 6 .
26 S Rengasamy , B Eimer , et al .
Simple respiratory protection – evaluation of the filtration performance of cloth masks and common fabric materials against 20-1000 nm size particles .
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2010 Oct ; 54 ( 7 ) : 789-798 .
27 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ al .
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2015 Nov 16 ; 4:48 .
33 T Kao , K Huang , et @ @ @ @ @ @ @ an N95 mask during hemodialysis as a precaution against SARS in patients with end-stage renal disease .
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2004 Aug ; 103 ( 8 ) :624-628 .
34 F Blachere , W Lindsley et al .
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35 A Rule , O Apau , et al .
Healthcare personnel exposure in an emergency department during influenza season .
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2018 Aug 31 ; 13 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ F Blachere , W Lindsley et al .
Assessment of influenza virus exposure and recovery from contaminated surgical masks and N95 respirators .
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2018 Oct ; 260:98-106 .
37 A Chughtai , S Stelzer-Braid , et al .
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2019 Jun 3 ; 19 ( 1 ) : 491 .
39 C MacIntyre , H Seale , et al .
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The Science: Masks Are Neither Effective Nor Safe
Written by Dr. Colleen Huber, NMD
At this writing, there is a recent surge in widespread use by the public of facemasks when in public places, including for extended periods of time, in the United States as well as in other countries.
The public has been instructed by media and their governments that one’s use of masks, even if not sick, may prevent others from being infected with SARS-CoV-2, the infectious agent of COVID-19.
A review of the peer-reviewed medical literature examines impacts on human health, both immunological, as well as physiological. The purpose of this paper is to examine data regarding the effectiveness of facemasks, as well as safety data. The reason that both are examined in one paper is that for the general public as a whole, as well as for every individual, a risk-benefit analysis is necessary to guide decisions on if and when to wear a mask.
Are masks effective at preventing transmission of respiratory pathogens?
In this meta-analysis, face masks were found to have no detectable effect against transmission of viral infections. (1) It found: “Compared to no masks, there was no reduction of influenza-like illness cases or influenza for masks in the general population, nor in healthcare workers.”
This 2020 meta-analysis found that evidence from randomized controlled trials of face masks did not support a substantial effect on transmission of laboratory-confirmed influenza, either when worn by infected persons (source control) or by persons in the general community to reduce their susceptibility. (2)
Another recent review found that masks had no effect specifically against Covid-19, although facemask use seemed linked to, in 3 of 31 studies, “very slightly reduced” odds of developing influenza-like illness. (3)
This 2019 study of 2862 participants showed that both N95 respirators and surgical masks “resulted in no significant difference in the incidence of laboratory confirmed influenza.” (4)
This 2016 meta-analysis found that both randomized controlled trials and observational studies of N95 respirators and surgical masks used by healthcare workers did not show benefit against transmission of acute respiratory infections. It was also found that acute respiratory infection transmission “may have occurred via contamination of provided respiratory protective equipment during storage and reuse of masks and respirators throughout the workday.” (5)
A 2011 meta-analysis of 17 studies regarding masks and effect on transmission of influenza found that “none of the studies established a conclusive relationship between mask/respirator use and protection against influenza infection.” (6) However, authors speculated that effectiveness of masks may be linked to early, consistent and correct usage.
Face mask use was likewise found to be not protective against the common cold, compared to controls without face masks among healthcare workers. (7)
Airflow around masks
Masks have been assumed to be effective in obstructing forward travel of viral particles. Considering those positioned next to or behind a mask wearer, there have been farther transmission of virus-laden fluid particles from masked individuals than from unmasked individuals, by means of “several leakage jets, including intense backward and downwards jets that may present major hazards,” and a “potentially dangerous leakage jet of up to several meters.” (8) All masks were thought to reduce forward airflow by 90% or more over wearing no mask. However, Schlieren imaging showed that both surgical masks and cloth masks had farther brow jets (unfiltered upward airflow past eyebrows) than not wearing any mask at all, 182 mm and 203 mm respectively, vs none discernible with no mask. Backward unfiltered airflow was found to be strong with all masks compared to not masking.
For both N95 and surgical masks, it was found that expelled particles from 0.03 to 1 micron were deflected around the edges of each mask, and that there was measurable penetration of particles through the filter of each mask. (9)
Penetration through masks
A study of 44 mask brands found mean 35.6% penetration (+ 34.7%). Most medical masks had over 20% penetration, while “general masks and handkerchiefs had no protective function in terms of the aerosol filtration efficiency.” The study found that “Medical masks, general masks, and handkerchiefs were found to provide little protection against respiratory aerosols.” (10)
It may be helpful to remember that an aerosol is a colloidal suspension of liquid or solid particles in a gas. In respiration, the relevant aerosol is the suspension of bacterial or viral particles in inhaled or exhaled breath.
In another study, penetration of cloth masks by particles was almost 97% and medical masks 44%. (11)
N95 respirators
Honeywell is a manufacturer of N95 respirators. These are made with a 0.3 micron filter. (12) N95 respirators are so named, because 95% of particles having a diameter of 0.3 microns are filtered by the mask forward of the wearer, by use of an electrostatic mechanism. Coronaviruses are approximately 0.125 microns in diameter.
This meta-analysis found that N95 respirators did not provide superior protection to facemasks against viral infections or influenza-like infections. (13) This study did find superior protection by N95 respirators when they were fit-tested compared to surgical masks. (14)
This study found that 624 out of 714 people wearing N95 masks left visible gaps when putting on their own masks. (15)
Surgical masks
This study found that surgical masks offered no protection at all against influenza. (16) Another study found that surgical masks had about 85% penetration ratio of aerosolized inactivated influenza particles and about 90% of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, although S aureus particles were about 6x the diameter of influenza particles. (17)
Use of masks in surgery were found to slightly increase incidence of infection over not masking in a study of 3,088 surgeries. (18) The surgeons’ masks were found to give no protective effect to the patients.
Other studies found no difference in wound infection rates with and without surgical masks. (19) (20)
This study found that “there is a lack of substantial evidence to support claims that facemasks protect either patient or surgeon from infectious contamination.” (21)
This study found that medical masks have a wide range of filtration efficiency, with most showing a 30% to 50% efficiency. (22)
Specifically, are surgical masks effective in stopping human transmission of coronaviruses? Both experimental and control groups, masked and unmasked respectively, were found to “not shed detectable virus in respiratory droplets or aerosols.” (23) In that study, they “did not confirm the infectivity of coronavirus” as found in exhaled breath.
A study of aerosol penetration showed that two of the five surgical masks studied had 51% to 89% penetration of polydisperse aerosols. (24)
In another study, that observed subjects while coughing, “neither surgical nor cotton masks effectively filtered SARS-CoV-2 during coughs by infected patients.” And more viral particles were found on the outside than on the inside of masks tested. (25)
Cloth masks
Cloth masks were found to have low efficiency for blocking particles of 0.3 microns and smaller. Aerosol penetration through the various cloth masks examined in this study were between 74 and 90%. Likewise, the filtration efficiency of fabric materials was 3% to 33% (26)
Healthcare workers wearing cloth masks were found to have 13 times the risk of influenza-like illness than those wearing medical masks. (27)
This 1920 analysis of cloth mask use during the 1918 pandemic examines the failure of masks to impede or stop flu transmission at that time, and concluded that the number of layers of fabric required to prevent pathogen penetration would have required a suffocating number of layers, and could not be used for that reason, as well as the problem of leakage vents around the edges of cloth masks. (28)
Masks against Covid-19
The New England Journal of Medicine editorial on the topic of mask use versus Covid-19 assesses the matter as follows:
“We know that wearing a mask outside health care facilities offers little, if any, protection from infection. Public health authorities define a significant exposure to Covid-19 as face-to-face contact within 6 feet with a patient with symptomatic Covid-19 that is sustained for at least a few minutes (and some say more than 10 minutes or even 20 minutes). The chance of catching Covid-19 from a passing interaction in a public space is therefore minimal. In many cases, the desire for widespread masking is a reflexive reaction to anxiety over the pandemic.” (29)
Are masks safe?
During walking or other exercise
Surgical mask wearers had significantly increased dyspnea after a 6-minute walk than non-mask wearers. (30)
Researchers are concerned about possible burden of facemasks during physical activity on pulmonary, circulatory and immune systems, due to oxygen reduction and air trapping reducing substantial carbon dioxide exchange. As a result of hypercapnia, there may be cardiac overload, renal overload, and a shift to metabolic acidosis. (31)
Risks of N95 respirators
Pregnant healthcare workers were found to have a loss in volume of oxygen consumption by 13.8% compared to controls when wearing N95 respirators. 17.7% less carbon dioxide was exhaled. (32) Patients with end-stage renal disease were studied during use of N95 respirators. Their partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) decreased significantly compared to controls and increased respiratory adverse effects. (33) 19% of the patients developed various degrees of hypoxemia while wearing the masks.
Healthcare workers’ N95 respirators were measured by personal bioaerosol samplers to harbor influenza virus. (34) And 25% of healthcare workers’ facepiece respirators were found to contain influenza in an emergency department during the 2015 flu season. (35)
Risks of surgical masks
Healthcare workers’ surgical masks also were measured by personal bioaerosol samplers to harbor for influenza virus. (36)
Various respiratory pathogens were found on the outer surface of used medical masks, which could result in self-contamination. The risk was found to be higher with longer duration of mask use. (37)
Surgical masks were also found to be a repository of bacterial contamination. The source of the bacteria was determined to be the body surface of the surgeons, rather than the operating room environment. (38) Given that surgeons are gowned from head to foot for surgery, this finding should be especially concerning for laypeople who wear masks. Without the protective garb of surgeons, laypeople generally have even more exposed body surface to serve as a source for bacteria to collect on their masks.
Risks of cloth masks
Healthcare workers wearing cloth masks had significantly higher rates of influenza-like illness after four weeks of continuous on-the-job use, when compared to controls. (39)
The increased rate of infection in mask-wearers may be due to a weakening of immune function during mask use. Surgeons have been found to have lower oxygen saturation after surgeries even as short as 30 minutes. (40) Low oxygen induces hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1). (41) This in turn down-regulates CD4+ T-cells. CD4+ T-cells, in turn, are necessary for viral immunity. (42)
Weighing risks versus benefits of mask use
In the summer of 2020 the United States is experiencing a surge of popular mask use, which is frequently promoted by the media, political leaders and celebrities. Homemade and store-bought cloth masks and surgical masks or N95 masks are being used by the public especially when entering stores and other publicly accessible buildings. Sometimes bandanas or scarves are used. The use of face masks, whether cloth, surgical or N95, creates a poor obstacle to aerosolized pathogens as we can see from the meta-analyses and other studies in this paper, allowing both transmission of aerosolized pathogens to others in various directions, as well as self-contamination.
It must also be considered that masks impede the necessary volume of air intake required for adequate oxygen exchange, which results in observed physiological effects that may be undesirable. Even 6- minute walks, let alone more strenuous activity, resulted in dyspnea. The volume of unobstructed oxygen in a typical breath is about 100 ml, used for normal physiological processes. 100 ml O2 greatly exceeds the volume of a pathogen required for transmission.
The foregoing data show that masks serve more as instruments of obstruction of normal breathing, rather than as effective barriers to pathogens. Therefore, masks should not be used by the general public, either by adults or children, and their limitations as prophylaxis against pathogens should also be considered in medical settings.
Endnotes
1 T Jefferson, M Jones, et al. Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses. MedRxiv. 2020 Apr 7.
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.03.30.20047217v2
2 J Xiao, E Shiu, et al. Nonpharmaceutical measures for pandemic influenza in non-healthcare settings – personal protective and environmental measures. Centers for Disease Control. 26(5); 2020 May.
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/5/19-0994_article
3 J Brainard, N Jones, et al. Facemasks and similar barriers to prevent respiratory illness such as COVID19: A rapid systematic review. MedRxiv. 2020 Apr 1.
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.01.20049528v1.full.pdf
4 L Radonovich M Simberkoff, et al. N95 respirators vs medical masks for preventing influenza among health care personnel: a randomized clinic trial. JAMA. 2019 Sep 3. 322(9): 824-833.
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2749214
5 J Smith, C MacDougall. CMAJ. 2016 May 17. 188(8); 567-574.
https://www.cmaj.ca/content/188/8/567
6 F bin-Reza, V Lopez, et al. The use of masks and respirators to prevent transmission of influenza: a systematic review of the scientific evidence. 2012 Jul; 6(4): 257-267.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5779801/
7 J Jacobs, S Ohde, et al. Use of surgical face masks to reduce the incidence of the common cold among health care workers in Japan: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Infect Control. 2009 Jun; 37(5): 417-419.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19216002/
8 M Viola, B Peterson, et al. Face coverings, aerosol dispersion and mitigation of virus transmission risk.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.10720, https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/2005/2005.10720.pdf
9 S Grinshpun, H Haruta, et al. Performance of an N95 filtering facepiece particular respirator and a surgical mask during human breathing: two pathways for particle penetration. J Occup Env Hygiene. 2009; 6(10):593-603.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/15459620903120086
10 H Jung, J Kim, et al. Comparison of filtration efficiency and pressure drop in anti-yellow sand masks, quarantine masks, medical masks, general masks, and handkerchiefs. Aerosol Air Qual Res. 2013 Jun. 14:991-1002.
https://aaqr.org/articles/aaqr-13-06-oa-0201.pdf
11 C MacIntyre, H Seale, et al. A cluster randomized trial of cloth masks compared with medical masks in healthcare workers. BMJ Open. 2015; 5(4)
https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/5/4/e006577.long
12 N95 masks explained. https://www.honeywell.com/en-us/newsroom/news/2020/03/n95-masks-explained
13 V Offeddu, C Yung, et al. Effectiveness of masks and respirators against infections in healthcare workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Inf Dis. 65(11), 2017 Dec 1; 1934-1942.
https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/65/11/1934/4068747
14 C MacIntyre, Q Wang, et al. A cluster randomized clinical trial comparing fit-tested and non-fit-tested N95 respirators to medical masks to prevent respiratory virus infection in health care workers. Influenza J. 2010 Dec 3.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/j.1750-2659.2011.00198.x?fbclid=IwAR3kRYVYDKb0aR-su9_me9_vY6a8KVR4HZ17J2A_80f_fXUABRQdhQlc8Wo
15 M Walker. Study casts doubt on N95 masks for the public. MedPage Today. 2020 May 20.
https://www.medpagetoday.com/infectiousdisease/publichealth/86601
16 C MacIntyre, Q Wang, et al. A cluster randomized clinical trial comparing fit-tested and non-fit-tested N95 respirators to medical masks to prevent respiratory virus infection in health care workers. Influenza J. 2010 Dec 3.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/j.1750-2659.2011.00198.x?fbclid=IwAR3kRYVYDKb0aR-su9_me9_vY6a8KVR4HZ17J2A_80f_fXUABRQdhQlc8Wo
17 N Shimasaki, A Okaue, et al. Comparison of the filter efficiency of medical nonwoven fabrics against three different microbe aerosols. Biocontrol Sci. 2018; 23(2). 61-69.
https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bio/23/2/23_61/_pdf/-char/en
18 T Tunevall. Postoperative wound infections and surgical face masks: A controlled study. World J Surg. 1991 May; 15: 383-387.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF01658736
19 N Orr. Is a mask necessary in the operating theatre? Ann Royal Coll Surg Eng 1981: 63: 390-392.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2493952/pdf/annrcse01509-0009.pdf
20 N Mitchell, S Hunt. Surgical face masks in modern operating rooms – a costly and unnecessary ritual? J Hosp Infection. 18(3); 1991 Jul 1. 239-242.
https://www.journalofhospitalinfection.com/article/0195-6701(91)90148-2/pdf
21 C DaZhou, P Sivathondan, et al. Unmasking the surgeons: the evidence base behind the use of facemasks in surgery. JR Soc Med. 2015 Jun; 108(6): 223-228.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4480558/
22 L Brosseau, M Sietsema. Commentary: Masks for all for Covid-19 not based on sound data. U Minn Ctr Inf Dis Res Pol. 2020 Apr 1.
https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2020/04/commentary-masks-all-covid-19-not-based-sound-data
23 N Leung, D Chu, et al. Respiratory virus shedding in exhaled breath and efficacy of face masks Nature Research. 2020 Mar 7. 26,676-680 (2020).
https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-16836/v1
24 S Rengasamy, B Eimer, et al. Simple respiratory protection – evaluation of the filtration performance of cloth masks and common fabric materials against 20-1000 nm size particles. Ann Occup Hyg. 2010 Oct; 54(7): 789-798.
https://academic.oup.com/annweh/article/54/7/789/202744
25 S Bae, M Kim, et al. Effectiveness of surgical and cotton masks in blocking SARS-CoV-2: A controlled comparison in 4 patients. Ann Int Med. 2020 Apr 6.
https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/M20-1342
26 S Rengasamy, B Eimer, et al. Simple respiratory protection – evaluation of the filtration performance of cloth masks and common fabric materials against 20-1000 nm size particles. Ann Occup Hyg. 2010 Oct; 54(7): 789-798.
https://academic.oup.com/annweh/article/54/7/789/202744
27 C MacIntyre, H Seale, et al. A cluster randomized trial of cloth masks compared with medical masks in healthcare workers. BMJ Open. 2015; 5(4)
https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/5/4/e006577.long
28 W Kellogg. An experimental study of the efficacy of gauze face masks. Am J Pub Health. 1920. 34-42.
https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/pdf/10.2105/AJPH.10.1.34
29 M Klompas, C Morris, et al. Universal masking in hospitals in the Covid-19 era. N Eng J Med. 2020; 382 e63.
https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp2006372
30 E Person, C Lemercier et al. Effect of a surgical mask on six minute walking distance. Rev Mal Respir. 2018 Mar; 35(3):264-268.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29395560/
31 B Chandrasekaran, S Fernandes. Exercise with facemask; are we handling a devil’s sword – a physiological hypothesis. Med Hypothese. 2020 Jun 22. 144:110002.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32590322/
32 P Shuang Ye Tong, A Sugam Kale, et al. Respiratory consequences of N95-type mask usage in pregnant healthcare workers – A controlled clinical study. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2015 Nov 16; 4:48.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26579222/
33 T Kao, K Huang, et al. The physiological impact of wearing an N95 mask during hemodialysis as a precaution against SARS in patients with end-stage renal disease. J Formos Med Assoc. 2004 Aug; 103(8):624-628.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15340662/
34 F Blachere, W Lindsley et al. Assessment of influenza virus exposure and recovery from contaminated surgical masks and N95 respirators. J Viro Methods. 2018 Oct; 260:98-106.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30029810/
35 A Rule, O Apau, et al. Healthcare personnel exposure in an emergency department during influenza season. PLoS One. 2018 Aug 31; 13(8): e0203223.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30169507/
36 F Blachere, W Lindsley et al. Assessment of influenza virus exposure and recovery from contaminated surgical masks and N95 respirators. J Viro Methods. 2018 Oct; 260:98-106.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30029810/
37 A Chughtai, S Stelzer-Braid, et al. Contamination by respiratory viruses on our surface of medical masks used by hospital healthcare workers. BMC Infect Dis. 2019 Jun 3; 19(1): 491.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31159777/
38 L Zhiqing, C Yongyun, et al. J Orthop Translat. 2018 Jun 27; 14:57-62.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30035033/
39 C MacIntyre, H Seale, et al. A cluster randomized trial of cloth masks compared with medical masks in healthcare workers. BMJ Open. 2015; 5(4)
https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/5/4/e006577
40 A Beder, U Buyukkocak, et al. Preliminary report on surgical mask induced deoxygenation during major surgery. Neurocirugia. 2008; 19: 121-126.
http://scielo.isciii.es/pdf/neuro/v19n2/3.pdf
41 D Lukashev, B Klebanov, et al. Cutting edge: Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha and its activation-inducible short isoform negatively regulate functions of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. J Immunol. 2006 Oct 15; 177(8) 4962-4965.
https://www.jimmunol.org/content/177/8/4962
42 A Sant, A McMichael. Revealing the role of CD4+ T-cells in viral immunity. J Exper Med. 2012 Jun 30; 209(8):1391-1395.
https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/3420330
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principiascientificinternational--2020-07-28--2020: Norway’s Coldest Summer in 60 Years – Grand Solar Minimum Hits

Norwegians have been shivering through what ’ s shaping up to be their coldest July in up to six decades , reports newsinenglish.no .
It ’ s also been raining a lot , continues the article , and even snowing in the mountains–all while the Arctic islands of Svalbard set records for heat .
And regardless of what the “ sold to the highest bidder ” MSM would have you believe , this weather pattern is fully expected during a Grand Solar Minimum , it ’ s the direct result of the historically low solar activity we ’ re experiencing @ @ @ @ @ @ @ “ meridional ” jet stream flow [ click the below link for more on the science ] : State meteorologists have recorded average temperatures of just 14.7C ( 58F ) in Oslo this month , the lowest in almost 30 years .
Bergen ’ s average has been even lower , at 12.8C ( 55F ) , with Trondheim checking in at just 12.1C ( 53.8F ) , the coldest for almost 60 years .
The mercury also sank to a record-busting -4C ( 24.8F ) in the mountains of Folldal , just @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Livik confirmed the historic nationwide chill when speaking to news outlet NTB : “ In Oslo , we have to go back to 1993 to find such low average temperatures as we ’ ve had this summer , and back to 1996 in Bergen .
In Trondheim , we have to go all the way back to 1962.
” Summer started off warm in June , and the global warming cabal were sighting Norway as proof of their scientifically baseless theory .
But then the annual summer holidays started , and the month @ @ @ @ @ @ @ days left– been so anomalously cold that heavy and “ unusual ” accumulations of summer snow have added to the already record-deep pack left over from winter .
“ We had a clear change in the weather at the end of June , ” Livik continued .
“ July has been a cold month with lots of unstable weather.
” And looking at the latest GFS run , the chill looks set to continue : Svalbard is hotter than Oslo — and while the MSM is blindly painting this as further proof of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ AGW ) , the FACTS reveal this phenomenon/weather pattern has nothing at-all to do with CO2/man-made global warming ( if it does , then why is Oslo suffering historic cold ? )
and instead has everything to do with the Sun and with the impact low solar activity has on Earth ’ s jet streams : …AND OTHER FACTS THE MSM AREN ’ T TELLING YOU : The COLD TIMES are returning , the lower latitudes are REFREEZING , in line with historically low solar activity , cloud-nucleating Cosmic Rays , and a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ appear to agree , if you read between the lines , with their forecast for this upcoming solar cycle ( 25 ) seeing it as “ the weakest of the past 200 years , ” with the agency correlating previous solar shutdowns to prolonged periods of global cooling here .
Prepare accordingly — learn the facts , relocate if need be , and grow your own .
PRINCIPIA SCIENTIFIC INTERNATIONAL , legally registered in the UK as a company incorporated for charitable purposes .
Head Office : 27 Old Gloucester Street , London @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Help Our Non-Profit Mission To Defend The Scientific Method .

2020: Norway’s Coldest Summer in 60 Years – Grand Solar Minimum Hits
Written by Cap Allon
Norwegians have been shivering through what’s shaping up to be their coldest July in up to six decades, reports newsinenglish.no.
It’s also been raining a lot, continues the article, and even snowing in the mountains–all while the Arctic islands of Svalbard set records for heat.
And regardless of what the “sold to the highest bidder” MSM would have you believe, this weather pattern is fully expected during a Grand Solar Minimum, it’s the direct result of the historically low solar activity we’re experiencing and, in turn, the resulting “meridional” jet stream flow [click the below link for more on the science]:
State meteorologists have recorded average temperatures of just 14.7C (58F) in Oslo this month, the lowest in almost 30 years. Bergen’s average has been even lower, at 12.8C (55F), with Trondheim checking in at just 12.1C (53.8F), the coldest for almost 60 years. The mercury also sank to a record-busting -4C (24.8F) in the mountains of Folldal, just south of Dovre.
State meteorologist Gunnar Livik confirmed the historic nationwide chill when speaking to news outlet NTB: “In Oslo, we have to go back to 1993 to find such low average temperatures as we’ve had this summer, and back to 1996 in Bergen. In Trondheim, we have to go all the way back to 1962.”
Summer started off warm in June, and the global warming cabal were sighting Norway as proof of their scientifically baseless theory. But then the annual summer holidays started, and the month of July has –with just a few days left– been so anomalously cold that heavy and “unusual” accumulations of summer snow have added to the already record-deep pack left over from winter.
“We had a clear change in the weather at the end of June,” Livik continued.
“July has been a cold month with lots of unstable weather.”
And looking at the latest GFS run, the chill looks set to continue:
(GFS) NW Europe 2m Temp Anomalies (July 28) — tropicaltidbits.com
Svalbard is hotter than Oslo — and while the MSM is blindly painting this as further proof of their bogus, warm-mongering political agenda (AGW), the FACTS reveal this phenomenon/weather pattern has nothing at-all to do with CO2/man-made global warming (if it does, then why is Oslo suffering historic cold?) and instead has everything to do with the Sun and with the impact low solar activity has on Earth’s jet streams:
Straight “Zonal” flow under times of high solar activity vs wavy “Meridional” flow when solar activity is low.
…AND OTHER FACTS THE MSM AREN’T TELLING YOU:
The COLD TIMES are returning, the lower latitudes are REFREEZING, in line with historically low solar activity, cloud-nucleating Cosmic Rays, and a meridional jet stream flow. Even NASA appear to agree, if you read between the lines, with their forecast for this upcoming solar cycle (25) seeing it as “the weakest of the past 200 years,” with the agency correlating previous solar shutdowns to prolonged periods of global cooling here.
Prepare accordingly — learn the facts, relocate if need be, and grow your own.
Read more at electroverse.net
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principiascientificinternational--2020-07-28--Sweden: The One Pandemic Chart That Matters

Sweden : The One Pandemic Chart That Matters While the Covid-19 epidemic continues to drag on in the United States , it ’ s largely over in Sweden where fatalities have dropped to no more than 2 deaths per day for the last week .
Sweden has been harshly criticized in the media for not imposing draconian lockdowns like the United States and the other European countries .
Instead , Sweden implemented a policy that was both conventional and sensible .
They recommended that people maintain a safe distance between each other and they banned gatherings of 50 people or @ @ @ @ @ @ @ citizens to isolate themselves and to avoid interacting with other people as much as possible .
Other than that , Swedes were encouraged to work , exercise and get on with their lives as they would normally even though the world was still in the throes of a global pandemic .
The secret of Sweden ’ s success is that its experts settled on a strategy that was realistic , sustainable and science-based .
The intention was never to “ fight ” the virus which is among the most contagious infections in the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ old and vulnerable while allowing the young , low-risk people to circulate , contract the virus , and develop the antibodies they ’ d need to fight similar pathogens in the future .
It ’ s clear now that that was the best approach .
And while Sweden could still experience sporadic outbreaks that might kill another 2 to 300 people , any recurrence of the infection in the Fall or Winter will not be a dreaded “ Second Wave ” , but a much weaker flu-like event that will not overwhelm the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ people .
As we ’ ve noted before , the media has been particularly vicious in their criticism of Sweden ’ s approach which they ’ ve characterized as overly “ relaxed.
” Check out this sampling of recent headlines : • Sweden becomes an example of how not to handle COVID-19 , CBS News • Lack of Lockdown Increased COVID-19 Deaths in Sweden , U of V Newsroom • Sweden Has Become the World ’ s Cautionary Tale , New York Times • Sweden Stayed Open And More People Died Of Covid-19 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Something Darker , Forbes • Sweden hoped herd immunity would curb COVID-19 .
Don ’ t do what we did .
It ’ s not working .
USA Today • Sweden ’ s coronavirus death toll is now approaching zero , but experts are warning others not to hail it as a success , Business Insider • Lack of COVID-19 Lockdown Increased Deaths in Sweden , Analysis Conclude , Virginia edu • Sweden COVID-19 Deaths Linked to Failure to Lockdown as Country Prepares for Second Wave , Newsweek • Sweden Tries Out a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ York Times As you can see , the media has taken a very hardline with Sweden .
But , why ?
What has Sweden done that has provoked such a hostile response ?
Nothing , really , they ’ ve just shrugged off the repressive stay-at-home orders and pursued their own independent policy .
The Swedish approach stands in stark contrast to the lockdowns which are costly , ineffective and socially damaging .
Here ’ s an excerpt from an article at The Evening Standard that underscores these very points : “ Lockdowns @ @ @ @ @ @ @ people who have died from coronavirus , a study has claimed .
Researchers from the University of Toronto and University of Texas found that whether a country was locked down or not was “ not associated ” with the Covid-19 death rate .
Experts compared mortality rates and cases in 50 badly-hit countries up until May 1 and calculated that only 33 out of every million people had died from the virus…The study found that imposing lockdown measures succeeded in stopping hospitals becoming overwhelmed , but it did not translate into a significant @ @ @ @ @ @ @ such as border closures , full lockdowns , and a high rate of Covid-19 testing were not associated with statistically significant reductions in the number of critical cases or overall mortality , ” the study , published in the Lancet online journal EClinicalMedicine , said.
” ( “ Coronavirus lockdown ‘ made no difference to number of deaths but stopped hospitals being overwhelmed ” , Evening Standard ) Bottom line : Lockdowns don ’ t work , but the media continues to support them .
Why ?
Because the media is owned by @ @ @ @ @ @ @ way to exert greater control over the population .
The real issue is power , not efficacy or saving lives .
The Swedish model undermines this effort by providing a viable alternative that challenges lockdowns and leads countries out of crisis .
That ’ s why Sweden has been treated with such open hostility , because elites see crisis management as a useful tool for making the structural changes they want to impose on the political and economic systems .
Billionaire oligarchs do not see crises as ‘ periods of intense disorder or @ @ @ @ @ @ @ can be exploited to their advantage .
Sweden is also criticized for its fatality rate which is higher than some but lower than others .
As of today , the number Coronavirus deaths in Sweden is 5,667 which is considerably higher than its neighbors in Norway and Denmark but lower than Belgium , Italy , France , the UK and Spain .
In other words , Sweden is somewhere in the middle of the pack .
Interestingly , Sweden compares quite well to poorly-governed states in the US with similar-sized populations .
Take @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 1 : New York City ( Democrat Governor , Andrew Cuomo ) Population– 8.3 million Coronavirus deaths– 32,133 ( 5 and a half time more than Sweden with 2 million less people ) • Lockdown State # 2 : New Jersey ( another Democrat governor , Phil Murphy ) Population– 9.2 million ( 1 million less than Sweden ) Coronavirus deaths– 15,684 ( nearly 3 times as many as Sweden with a smaller population . )
• Lockdown State # 3 : Massachusetts ( another Democrat Governor , Charlie Baker ) Population– 6.9 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ) Coronavirus deaths– 8,380 ( 1 and a half times Sweden ’ s total with 3 million less people . )
These are the real Coronavirus losers , the three states that are run by liberal governors who imposed counterproductive lockdowns that collapsed their economies , killed tens of thousands of people , and did nothing to staunch the spread of the infection .
In contrast , Sweden has weathered the storm nicely , built up the public ’ s innate immunity and put the economy back on the road to recovery .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ to compare the facts about Sweden ’ s economy with the spurious claims made by New York Times .
Here ’ s an excerpt from a piece titled “ Sweden Has Become the World ’ s Cautionary Tale ” : Huh ?
So , Sweden “ gained nothing ” , says the Times ?
Really ?
?
As the report from Business Insider confirms , the Swedish economy “ was the least harmed in Europe ” , the “ best of the bunch ” ( and ) “ the only major economy to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ year , the report.
” Sweden is progressively ramping up its activity while the United States is still stuck in the mud .
The Times is deliberately misleading its readers to continue its war on Sweden .
That ’ s not journalism , it ’ s agenda-driven propaganda .
Did you know that the Swedish infectious disease expert Johan Giesecke warned leaders in the lockdown countries that cases and deaths would rise sharply when the lockdowns were lifted ?
One would assume that our leaders would be smart enough to figure that out @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , but that didn ’ t happen .
So , now , when Fall rolls around and the deaths begin to mount , then what ?
?
Then the state governors will re-impose the same onerous restrictions that were in place before which will increase unemployment and intensify the deepening economic slump .
Meanwhile , Sweden will be in the process of rebooting its economy , putting people back to work , and enjoying the benefits that accrue from independent thinking and strong leadership .
This is from an article at Reuters : @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ” .
Why wouldn ’ t it work ?
Our species has survived thousands of years thanks to our complex and adaptive immunity system that develops protective antibodies and killer T-cells that fight off flues , viruses and all-manner of harmful infectious diseases with or without vaccines .
This is the brilliance of Sweden ’ s strategy , to allow the infection to spread among the country ’ s healthier , low-risk members until the virus petered-out from lack of any new hosts .
And now the strategy has worked .
Common sense @ @ @ @ @ @ @ News : What does it all mean ?
It means that probably only 1 in every 7 people will contract the virus regardless of their exposure .
It means that a greater portion of the population have natural immunity than we thought .
It means that antibody testing does not tell the whole story but that T-cells and cross-immunity also prevent transmission to otherwise healthy people .
It means that Covid-19 is not the Black Plague that ’ s going to live up to the manipulative hype that has been used to precipitate @ @ @ @ @ @ @ crisis of the last century .
It means that the idiot lockdowns did not prevent new cases and deaths but merely postponed them to a later date .
It means that Sweden was on the right track from the very beginning and is rapidly returning to normal while the US sinks deeper into a crisis of its own making .
PRINCIPIA SCIENTIFIC INTERNATIONAL , legally registered in the UK as a company incorporated for charitable purposes .
Head Office : 27 Old Gloucester Street , London WC1N 3AX .
Please DONATE TODAY To @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Scientific Method .

Sweden: The One Pandemic Chart That Matters
Written by Mike Whitney
While the Covid-19 epidemic continues to drag on in the United States, it’s largely over in Sweden where fatalities have dropped to no more than 2 deaths per day for the last week.
Sweden has been harshly criticized in the media for not imposing draconian lockdowns like the United States and the other European countries. Instead, Sweden implemented a policy that was both conventional and sensible.
They recommended that people maintain a safe distance between each other and they banned gatherings of 50 people or more. They also asked their elderly citizens to isolate themselves and to avoid interacting with other people as much as possible.
Other than that, Swedes were encouraged to work, exercise and get on with their lives as they would normally even though the world was still in the throes of a global pandemic.
The secret of Sweden’s success is that its experts settled on a strategy that was realistic, sustainable and science-based. The intention was never to “fight” the virus which is among the most contagious infections in the last century, but to protect the old and vulnerable while allowing the young, low-risk people to circulate, contract the virus, and develop the antibodies they’d need to fight similar pathogens in the future.
It’s clear now that that was the best approach. And while Sweden could still experience sporadic outbreaks that might kill another 2 to 300 people, any recurrence of the infection in the Fall or Winter will not be a dreaded “Second Wave”, but a much weaker flu-like event that will not overwhelm the public health system or kill thousands of people.
As we’ve noted before, the media has been particularly vicious in their criticism of Sweden’s approach which they’ve characterized as overly “relaxed.” Check out this sampling of recent headlines:
Sweden becomes an example of how not to handle COVID-19, CBS News
Lack of Lockdown Increased COVID-19 Deaths in Sweden, U of V Newsroom
Sweden Has Become the World’s Cautionary Tale, New York Times
Sweden Stayed Open And More People Died Of Covid-19, But The Real Reason May Be Something Darker, Forbes
Sweden hoped herd immunity would curb COVID-19. Don’t do what we did. It’s not working. USA Today
Sweden’s coronavirus death toll is now approaching zero, but experts are warning others not to hail it as a success, Business Insider
Lack of COVID-19 Lockdown Increased Deaths in Sweden, Analysis Conclude, Virginia edu
Sweden COVID-19 Deaths Linked to Failure to Lockdown as Country Prepares for Second Wave, Newsweek
Sweden Tries Out a New Status: Pariah State, New York Times
As you can see, the media has taken a very hardline with Sweden. But, why? What has Sweden done that has provoked such a hostile response?
Nothing, really, they’ve just shrugged off the repressive stay-at-home orders and pursued their own independent policy. The Swedish approach stands in stark contrast to the lockdowns which are costly, ineffective and socially damaging. Here’s an excerpt from an article at The Evening Standard that underscores these very points:
“Lockdowns made little difference to the number of people who have died from coronavirus, a study has claimed. Researchers from the University of Toronto and University of Texas found that whether a country was locked down or not was “not associated” with the Covid-19 death rate. Experts compared mortality rates and cases in 50 badly-hit countries up until May 1 and calculated that only 33 out of every million people had died from the virus…The study found that imposing lockdown measures succeeded in stopping hospitals becoming overwhelmed, but it did not translate into a significant reduction in deaths. “Government actions such as border closures, full lockdowns, and a high rate of Covid-19 testing were not associated with statistically significant reductions in the number of critical cases or overall mortality,” the study, published in the Lancet online journal EClinicalMedicine, said.”
(“Coronavirus lockdown ‘made no difference to number of deaths but stopped hospitals being overwhelmed”, Evening Standard)
Bottom line: Lockdowns don’t work, but the media continues to support them. Why?
Because the media is owned by elites who see lockdowns as an effective way to exert greater control over the population. The real issue is power, not efficacy or saving lives. The Swedish model undermines this effort by providing a viable alternative that challenges lockdowns and leads countries out of crisis.
That’s why Sweden has been treated with such open hostility, because elites see crisis management as a useful tool for making the structural changes they want to impose on the political and economic systems. Billionaire oligarchs do not see crises as ‘periods of intense disorder or distress’, but golden opportunities that can be exploited to their advantage.
Sweden is also criticized for its fatality rate which is higher than some but lower than others. As of today, the number Coronavirus deaths in Sweden is 5,667 which is considerably higher than its neighbors in Norway and Denmark but lower than Belgium, Italy, France, the UK and Spain. In other words, Sweden is somewhere in the middle of the pack.
Interestingly, Sweden compares quite well to poorly-governed states in the US with similar-sized populations. Take a look:
Sweden: No Lockdown
Population of 10.2 million
Coronavirus deaths –5,667
Population of 10.2 million Coronavirus deaths –5,667 Lockdown State#1: New York City (Democrat Governor, Andrew Cuomo)
Population– 8.3 million
Coronavirus deaths– 32,133 (5 and a half time more than Sweden with 2 million less people)
(Democrat Governor, Andrew Cuomo) Population– 8.3 million Coronavirus deaths– 32,133 (5 and a half time more than Sweden with 2 million less people) Lockdown State#2: New Jersey (another Democrat governor, Phil Murphy)
Population– 9.2 million (1 million less than Sweden)
Coronavirus deaths– 15,684 (nearly 3 times as many as Sweden with a smaller population.)
(another Democrat governor, Phil Murphy) Population– 9.2 million (1 million less than Sweden) Coronavirus deaths– 15,684 (nearly 3 times as many as Sweden with a smaller population.) Lockdown State#3: Massachusetts (another Democrat Governor, Charlie Baker)
Population– 6.9 million #.3 million less than Sweden)
Coronavirus deaths– 8,380 (1 and a half times Sweden’s total with 3 million less people.)
These are the real Coronavirus losers, the three states that are run by liberal governors who imposed counterproductive lockdowns that collapsed their economies, killed tens of thousands of people, and did nothing to staunch the spread of the infection. In contrast, Sweden has weathered the storm nicely, built up the public’s innate immunity and put the economy back on the road to recovery. Take a look:
“Unlike most European countries, Sweden didn’t impose strict lockdown measures. Now it’s reaping the rewards — economically speaking, at least. A report from Capital Economics published on Tuesday found that the Swedish economy was the least harmed in Europe, describing it as the “best of a bad bunch.” Though Sweden was not immune to the pandemic’s economic impact, it was the only major economy to grow in the first quarter of the year, the report noted…. “The Swedish economy has weathered Covid well, thanks in part to the government’s light-touch lockdown, and our forecast of a 1.5% drop in GDP this year is well above consensus,” the economists Andrew Kenningham, David Oxley, and Melanie Debono wrote.” (“Sweden weathers 2020’s economic storm better than anywhere else”, Business Insider)
Readers might want to compare the facts about Sweden’s economy with the spurious claims made by New York Times. Here’s an excerpt from a piece titled “Sweden Has Become the World’s Cautionary Tale”:
“Not only have thousands more people died (in Sweden) than in neighboring countries that imposed lockdowns, but Sweden’s economy has fared little better. “They literally gained nothing,” said Jacob F. Kirkegaard, a senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics in Washington. “It’s a self-inflicted wound, and they have no economic gains.”… The elevated death toll resulting from Sweden’s approach has been clear for many weeks. What is only now emerging is how Sweden, despite letting its economy run unimpeded, has still suffered business-destroying, prosperity-diminishing damage, and at nearly the same magnitude of its neighbors.”…In short, Sweden suffered a vastly higher death rate while failing to collect on the expected economic gains.” (“Sweden Has Become the World’s Cautionary Tale”, New York Times)
Huh? So, Sweden “gained nothing”, says the Times? Really??
As the report from Business Insider confirms, the Swedish economy “was the least harmed in Europe”, the “best of the bunch” (and) “the only major economy to grow in the first quarter of the year, the report.” Sweden is progressively ramping up its activity while the United States is still stuck in the mud. The Times is deliberately misleading its readers to continue its war on Sweden. That’s not journalism, it’s agenda-driven propaganda.
Did you know that the Swedish infectious disease expert Johan Giesecke warned leaders in the lockdown countries that cases and deaths would rise sharply when the lockdowns were lifted?
One would assume that our leaders would be smart enough to figure that out before hand and tweak the policy accordingly, but that didn’t happen. So, now, when Fall rolls around and the deaths begin to mount, then what??
Then the state governors will re-impose the same onerous restrictions that were in place before which will increase unemployment and intensify the deepening economic slump. Meanwhile, Sweden will be in the process of rebooting its economy, putting people back to work, and enjoying the benefits that accrue from independent thinking and strong leadership. This is from an article at Reuters:
“Sweden’s top epidemiologist said on Tuesday a rapid decline in new critical COVID-19 cases alongside slowing death rates indicated that Sweden’s strategy for slowing the epidemic… was working. Chief epidemiologist Anders Tegnell of the public health agency said a rapid slowdown in the spread of the virus indicated very strongly that Sweden had reached relatively widespread immunity… “It really is yet another sign that the Swedish strategy is working,” Tegnell said. It is possible to slow contagion fast with the measures we are taking in Sweden.”(“Swedish epidemiology boss says questioned COVID-19 strategy seems to be working”, Reuters)
Of course “it’s working”. Why wouldn’t it work? Our species has survived thousands of years thanks to our complex and adaptive immunity system that develops protective antibodies and killer T-cells that fight off flues, viruses and all-manner of harmful infectious diseases with or without vaccines. This is the brilliance of Sweden’s strategy, to allow the infection to spread among the country’s healthier, low-risk members until the virus petered-out from lack of any new hosts.
And now the strategy has worked. Common sense has prevailed. This is from Bloomberg News:
“Sweden’s top health authority says people who have had the novel coronavirus are likely to be immune for at least six months after being infected, whether they’ve developed antibodies or not….A recent study from King’s College London showed that the level of antibodies may drop to a degree that makes them undetectable as soon as three months after infection. However, the body also mounts other forms of immunity responses, including from so-called T-cells, which appear to play an important role in protecting against reinfection with Covid-19. Research from Sweden’s Karolinska Institute has indicated that about twice as many people infected by Covid-19 have developed a T-cell mediated immunity response as those who have a detectable level of antibodies. “The risk of being reinfected and of transmitting the disease to other people is probably very close to zero,” Tegnell said. ..” Sweden “probably” has achieved a fairly high rate of immunity, which he predicts will protect his country from new outbreaks. “The upshot is that the epidemic is now slowing down very drastically, in a way that I think few of us would have thought a few weeks ago,” he said. ”(“Sweden Says Covid Immunity Can Last 6 Months After Infection”, Bloomberg)
What does it all mean?
It means that probably only 1 in every 7 people will contract the virus regardless of their exposure. It means that a greater portion of the population have natural immunity than we thought. It means that antibody testing does not tell the whole story but that T-cells and cross-immunity also prevent transmission to otherwise healthy people. It means that Covid-19 is not the Black Plague that’s going to live up to the manipulative hype that has been used to precipitate the biggest social, economic and political crisis of the last century. It means that the idiot lockdowns did not prevent new cases and deaths but merely postponed them to a later date.
It means that Sweden was on the right track from the very beginning and is rapidly returning to normal while the US sinks deeper into a crisis of its own making.
Bravo, Sweden!
Read more at www.unz.com
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principiascientificinternational--2020-07-28--Media Giants Ban Viral Video of Doctors’ SCOTUS COVID Conference

Facebook has removed a video posted by Breitbart News earlier today , which was the top-performing Facebook post in the world Monday afternoon , of a press conference in D.C. held by the group America ’ s Frontline Doctors and organized and sponsored by the Tea Party Patriots .
The press conference featured Rep. Ralph Norman ( R-SC ) and frontline doctors sharing their views and opinions on coronavirus and the medical response to the pandemic .
YouTube ( which is owned by Google ) and Twitter subsequently removed footage of the press conference as well .
The video accumulated @ @ @ @ @ @ @ hours it was hosted on Facebook , with over 185,000 concurrent viewers .
The livestream had accumulated over 17 million views by the time of its censorship by Facebook .
In terms of viral velocity , the post was beating content from many other prominent accounts on Facebook today , including Hillary Clinton , Rev .
Franklin Graham , and Kim Kardashian .
Over 185,000 viewers were concurrently watching the stream when it aired live Monday afternoon .
The event , hosted by the organization America ’ s Frontline Doctors , a group @ @ @ @ @ @ @ board-certified physician and attorney , and made up of medical doctors , came together to address what the group calls a “ massive disinformation campaign ” about the coronavirus .
Norman also spoke at the event .
“ If Americans continue to let so-called experts and media personalities make their decisions , the great American experiment of a Constitutional Republic with Representative Democracy , will cease , ” reads the event ’ s information page .
The event was organized and sponsored by the Tea Party Patriots .
“ We ’ ve removed @ @ @ @ @ @ @ cures and treatments for COVID-19 , ” a Facebook company spokesman , Andy Stone , told Breitbart News .
The company did not specify what portion of the video it ruled to be “ false information , ” who it consulted to make that ruling , and on what basis it was made .
Stone replied to New York Times tech columnist Kevin Roose on Twitter regarding the video : Stone then added that the platform would direct users who had interacted with the post to information on “ myths debunked by the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ censor the livestream was quickly followed by YouTube , the Google-owned video-sharing platform .
The video had over 80,000 views on YouTube prior to its removal .
Following Facebook and YouTube ’ s removal of the video , Twitter followed suit , removing Breitbart News ’ s Periscope livestream of the press conference .
Jack Dorsey ’ s platform also then limited the Breitbart News official account , indicating that tweets containing links to multiple stories about the press conference violate the platform ’ s COVID-19 policies .

Media Giants Ban Viral Video of Doctors’ SCOTUS COVID Conference
Written by Allum Bokhari
Facebook has removed a video posted by Breitbart News earlier today, which was the top-performing Facebook post in the world Monday afternoon, of a press conference in D.C. held by the group America’s Frontline Doctors and organized and sponsored by the Tea Party Patriots.
The press conference featured Rep. Ralph Norman (R-SC) and frontline doctors sharing their views and opinions on coronavirus and the medical response to the pandemic. YouTube (which is owned by Google) and Twitter subsequently removed footage of the press conference as well.
The video accumulated over 17 million views during the eight hours it was hosted on Facebook, with over 185,000 concurrent viewers.
The livestream had accumulated over 17 million views by the time of its censorship by Facebook.
In terms of viral velocity, the post was beating content from many other prominent accounts on Facebook today, including Hillary Clinton, Rev. Franklin Graham, and Kim Kardashian.
Over 185,000 viewers were concurrently watching the stream when it aired live Monday afternoon.
The event, hosted by the organization America’s Frontline Doctors, a group founded by Dr. Simone Gold, a board-certified physician and attorney, and made up of medical doctors, came together to address what the group calls a “massive disinformation campaign” about the coronavirus. Norman also spoke at the event.
“If Americans continue to let so-called experts and media personalities make their decisions, the great American experiment of a Constitutional Republic with Representative Democracy, will cease,” reads the event’s information page.
The event was organized and sponsored by the Tea Party Patriots.
“We’ve removed this video for sharing false information about cures and treatments for COVID-19,” a Facebook company spokesman, Andy Stone, told Breitbart News. The company did not specify what portion of the video it ruled to be “false information,” who it consulted to make that ruling, and on what basis it was made.
Stone replied to New York Times tech columnist Kevin Roose on Twitter regarding the video:
Stone then added that the platform would direct users who had interacted with the post to information on “myths debunked by the WHO.”
Facebook’s decision to censor the livestream was quickly followed by YouTube, the Google-owned video-sharing platform. The video had over 80,000 views on YouTube prior to its removal.
Following Facebook and YouTube’s removal of the video, Twitter followed suit, removing Breitbart News’s Periscope livestream of the press conference. Jack Dorsey’s platform also then limited the Breitbart News official account, indicating that tweets containing links to multiple stories about the press conference violate the platform’s COVID-19 policies.
Read more at www.breitbart.com **** PRINCIPIA SCIENTIFIC INTERNATIONAL, legally registered in the UK as a company incorporated for charitable purposes. Head Office: 27 Old Gloucester Street, London WC1N 3AX. Please DONATE TODAY To Help Our Non-Profit Mission To Defend The Scientific Method.
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principiascientificinternational--2020-07-28--Twitter Suspends Donald Trump Jr. Over COVID Cure Tweet

Tech censorship and political intolerance is the biggest threat today to our future .
On Monday Twitter censored President Trump @ @ @ @ @ Stella Immanuel discussing her success with hydroxychloroquine in treating coronavirus patients .
Dr. Stella Immanuel @ @ @ @ @ has personally treated over 350 patients with COVID-19 with Hydroxychloroquine , Zinc , and Zithromax @ @ @ @ @ .
Twitter then took the video down !
And Twitter also suspended Donald Trump Jr. @ @ @ @ @ viral video of medical doctors talking about Hydroxychloroquine .
Twitter , YouTube and Facebook are @ @ @ @ @ .
They would rather see you die first .

Twitter Suspends Donald Trump Jr. Over COVID Cure Tweet
Written by Jim Hoft
Tech censorship and political intolerance is the biggest threat today to our future. On Monday Twitter censored President Trump for posting video of Dr. Stella Immanuel discussing her success with hydroxychloroquine in treating coronavirus patients.
Dr. Stella Immanuel said on Monday that she has personally treated over 350 patients with COVID-19 with Hydroxychloroquine, Zinc, and Zithromax and they have all recovered.
Twitter then took the video down!
And Twitter also suspended Donald Trump Jr.’s for posting a viral video of medical doctors talking about Hydroxychloroquine.
Via Andrew Surabian.
Twitter, YouTube and Facebook are censoring successful treatments for coronavirus.
They would rather see you die first.
Read more at www.thegatewaypundit.com
****
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principiascientificinternational--2020-07-28--Criminal Referral Issued For Mark Zuckerberg

Facebook has built an appalling record of censorship of scientists who opposed junk climate science , and after yesterday ’ s total shutdown of a viral video of doctors exposing the COVID-19 fraud , it was high time for legal action to befall CEO , Mark Zuckerberg .
House Judiciary Committee member Matt Gaetz announced today that he has sent a criminal referral to Attorney General Attorney General William Barr calling for an investigation into Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg for misleading Congress into how his company censors content .
The full text of the letter sent to Attorney General William @ @ @ @ @ @ @ write to urge you to investigate the conduct of Mark Zuckerberg , CEO of Facebook , Inc. , before the United States Congress .
On April 10 , 2018 , Mr. Zuckerberg testified in a joint hearing of the Senate Judiciary Committee and the Senate Commerce , Science , and Transportation Committee .
The next day , Mr. Zuckerberg testified before the House Energy and Commerce Committee .
On both occasions , members of Congress asked Mr. Zuckerberg about allegations that Facebook censored and suppressed content supportive of President Donald Trump and other @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Zuckerberg repeatedly and categorically denied any bias against conservative speech , persons , policies , or politics .
Mr. Zuckerberg also dismissed the suggestion that Facebook exercises any form of editorial manipulation .
However , recent reports from Project Veritas , featuring whistleblowers who worked as Facebook ’ s “ content moderators , ” have shown ample evidence of such bias and manipulation… You can read the full text of the letter sent to Attorney General William Barr by clicking here .
In February 2019 , Project Veritas released a report featuring a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ giant ’ s deliberate “ deboosting ” of conservative pages without notification or recourse : In June 2020 , Project Veritas released a damning undercover investigation report , using hidden cameras to document rampant censorship occurring at the social media giant .
Facebook Content Moderator : ‘ If Someone is Wearing a MAGA Hat , I Am Going to Delete Them for Terrorism.
’ Project Veritas today released one of the most damning undercover investigation reports—this time insiders used hidden cameras to document rampant censorship occurring at social media giant : Facebook .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ Testify Before Congress About the Facebook Bias I Witnessed Against Trump Supporters , Conservative Causes McElroy : “ We are essentially in charge of what gets said and what gets stifled ” McElroy : 75-to-80 percent of Posts Selected by Facebook ’ s Algorithm for Moderator Review Support President Donald Trump , Republicans and Conservative Causes One of the content moderators was asked if she deleted every Republican item that came up on her queue , she said : Here ’ s Zuckerberg lying under questioning by Texas Senator Ted Cruz in April @ @ @ @ @ @ @ hiring policies , as well , or else this is one helluva coincidence… Breitbart compiles a list of 45 Obama and Hillary high-level operatives currently calling the shots from high places at Facebook… With a market cap closing in on $ 700 Billion Facebook wields a lot of influence… more than enough to change the outcome of an election .
Facebook could be held liable for tens of billions of dollars in damages… Which would be a small price to pay if they succeed in winning the 2020 elections… There are trillions of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the CCP would consider that money well spent .
PRINCIPIA SCIENTIFIC INTERNATIONAL , legally registered in the UK as a company incorporated for charitable purposes .
Head Office : 27 Old Gloucester Street , London WC1N 3AX .
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Criminal Referral Issued For Mark Zuckerberg
Written by Lawrence David
Facebook has built an appalling record of censorship of scientists who opposed junk climate science, and after yesterday’s total shutdown of a viral video of doctors exposing the COVID-19 fraud, it was high time for legal action to befall CEO, Mark Zuckerberg.
House Judiciary Committee member Matt Gaetz announced today that he has sent a criminal referral to Attorney General Attorney General William Barr calling for an investigation into Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg for misleading Congress into how his company censors content.
The full text of the letter sent to Attorney General William Barr may be found here.
Dear Attorney General Barr: I write to urge you to investigate the conduct of Mark Zuckerberg, CEO of Facebook, Inc., before the United States Congress. On April 10, 2018, Mr. Zuckerberg testified in a joint hearing of the Senate Judiciary Committee and the Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee. The next day, Mr. Zuckerberg testified before the House Energy and Commerce Committee. On both occasions, members of Congress asked Mr. Zuckerberg about allegations that Facebook censored and suppressed content supportive of President Donald Trump and other conservatives. In his responses, Mr. Zuckerberg repeatedly and categorically denied any bias against conservative speech, persons, policies, or politics. Mr. Zuckerberg also dismissed the suggestion that Facebook exercises any form of editorial manipulation. However, recent reports from Project Veritas, featuring whistleblowers who worked as Facebook’s “content moderators,” have shown ample evidence of such bias and manipulation…
You can read the full text of the letter sent to Attorney General William Barr by clicking here.
In February 2019, Project Veritas released a report featuring a former Facebook employee confirming the social media giant’s deliberate “deboosting” of conservative pages without notification or recourse:
In June 2020, Project Veritas released a damning undercover investigation report, using hidden cameras to document rampant censorship occurring at the social media giant.
(Project Veritas) JUNE 23, 2020
Facebook Content Moderator: ‘If Someone is Wearing a MAGA Hat, I Am Going to Delete Them for Terrorism.’
Project Veritas today released one of the most damning undercover investigation reports—this time insiders used hidden cameras to document rampant censorship occurring at social media giant: Facebook.
Facebook Insider Zach McElroy: I Will Testify Before Congress About the Facebook Bias I Witnessed Against Trump Supporters, Conservative Causes
McElroy: “We are essentially in charge of what gets said and what gets stifled”
McElroy: 75-to-80 percent of Posts Selected by Facebook’s Algorithm for Moderator Review Support President Donald Trump, Republicans and Conservative Causes
Facebook Content Review Lead: “It’s a Very Progressive Company, Who’s Very Anti-MAGA”
One of the content moderators was asked if she deleted every Republican item that came up on her queue, she said:
“Yes! I don’t give no f*cks, I’ll delete it.”
Here’s Zuckerberg lying under questioning by Texas Senator Ted Cruz in April 2018…
Zuckerberg lied about Facebook’s hiring policies, as well, or else this is one helluva coincidence…
Breitbart compiles a list of 45 Obama and Hillary high-level operatives currently calling the shots from high places at Facebook…
With a market cap closing in on $700 Billion Facebook wields a lot of influence… more than enough to change the outcome of an election.
The violation of Federal Elections Laws governing in-kind political contributions surpasses epic proportions.
Facebook could be held liable for tens of billions of dollars in damages… Which would be a small price to pay if they succeed in winning the 2020 elections…
There are trillions of dollars at stake
I’m sure the CCP would consider that money well spent.
Read more at e-militia.com
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principiascientificinternational--2020-07-29--Insane! ONLINE Classes Only Open to Students Who Are Vaccinated

Insane !
ONLINE Classes Only Open to Students Who Are Vaccinated Online virtual classrooms in the State of Virginia are now requiring students who attend to be immunized against various illnesses despite the fact that the pupils will be taking classes from the comfort of their own home in what can only be considered a blatant push to inject poisonous toxins and metals into to bodies of schoolkids .
The unconstitutional order comes after a high number of parents have refused to take their children to get their standard yearly cocktail dose of vaccines which during a non-COVID school year @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
As rumor has it , parents are concerned about taking their children to get vaccinations due to the current purported COVID-19 outbreak .
However , people , in general , may just be waking up to the real dangers of vaccines and may just be to the point where they are outright refusing them altogether .
“ I think people feel like if you ’ re not going to the brick and mortar school then you don ’ t need to have the immunizations but that ’ s incorrect , ” Fairfax @ @ @ @ @ @ @ NBC 4 in Washington .
Health officials claim that in Virginia students need to have their shots to attend class whether virtual or not .
PRINCIPIA SCIENTIFIC INTERNATIONAL , legally registered in the UK as a company incorporated for charitable purposes .
Head Office : 27 Old Gloucester Street , London WC1N 3AX .
Please DONATE TODAY To Help Our Non-Profit Mission To Defend The Scientific Method .

Insane! ONLINE Classes Only Open to Students Who Are Vaccinated
Written by Lexi Morgan
Online virtual classrooms in the State of Virginia are now requiring students who attend to be immunized against various illnesses despite the fact that the pupils will be taking classes from the comfort of their own home in what can only be considered a blatant push to inject poisonous toxins and metals into to bodies of schoolkids.
The unconstitutional order comes after a high number of parents have refused to take their children to get their standard yearly cocktail dose of vaccines which during a non-COVID school year would allow students to attend school physically.
As rumor has it, parents are concerned about taking their children to get vaccinations due to the current purported COVID-19 outbreak. However, people, in general, may just be waking up to the real dangers of vaccines and may just be to the point where they are outright refusing them altogether.
“I think people feel like if you’re not going to the brick and mortar school then you don’t need to have the immunizations but that’s incorrect,” Fairfax County Health Department worker Shauna Severo told NBC 4 in Washington.
Health officials claim that in Virginia students need to have their shots to attend class whether virtual or not.
Read more at www.intellihub.com
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