sciencevibe--2020-04-15--Does This Ancient Egyptian Papyrus Show UFO landing On Sphinx?

The God Ra of the ancient Egyptians is believed by many to have sailed down from the stars , landing in Egypt and founding a powerful civilization .
This myth is well known , but could it be true ?
Warne Herschel , a South African author , has just introduced a new hypothesis explaining the star god .
His research is based on a 3,000-year-old vignette from the Djedkhonsuiefankh funerary papyrus on display at the Cairo Museum .
The records show that Ra ’ s ship looks nothing like a traditional boat , but instead is a disc that @ @ @ @ @ @ @ several other controversial authors , Herschel believes this is actually a UFO .
Herschel suggests that the papyrus shows not only the disk , but also the constellation closest to the specific star of Ra with other forgotten symbols .
He also points out that the disc landed on the Sphinx of Egypt .
“ It is a disc with a dome radiating colored bright light… and it is poised on three legs like a tripod .
No wonder the back of the Sphinx was flat .
Wayne Herschel claims there is also @ @ @ @ @ @ @ with a lion ’ s head , something completely missed by historians and authors alike .
There are remnants of what appears to be the remains of an arched door that is now filled in from many repairs over thousands of years and its visible at the back of the Sphinx ’ s head !
” The true meaning of the papyrus has been a topic of heated debate for years , but it still remains a mystery .
“ Virtually all ancient civilizations obsessed in star gods with their beginnings , ” @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to build massive monuments to mark the stars positions on the ground and virtually all choosing the same ‘ x ’ that marks the spot as their ultimate monument within the specific star pattern ” What do you think of Herschel ’ s claim ?

The God Ra of the ancient Egyptians is believed by many to have sailed down from the stars, landing in Egypt and founding a powerful civilization. This myth is well known, but could it be true?
Warne Herschel, a South African author, has just introduced a new hypothesis explaining the star god. His research is based on a 3,000-year-old vignette from the Djedkhonsuiefankh funerary papyrus on display at the Cairo Museum. The records show that Ra’s ship looks nothing like a traditional boat, but instead is a disc that flies and radiates bright light. Like several other controversial authors, Herschel believes this is actually a UFO.
Herschel suggests that the papyrus shows not only the disk, but also the constellation closest to the specific star of Ra with other forgotten symbols. He also points out that the disc landed on the Sphinx of Egypt.
“It is a disc with a dome radiating colored bright light… and it is poised on three legs like a tripod. No wonder the back of the Sphinx was flat. Wayne Herschel claims there is also a tomb that clearly depicts the Sphinx with a lion’s head, something completely missed by historians and authors alike. There are remnants of what appears to be the remains of an arched door that is now filled in from many repairs over thousands of years and its visible at the back of the Sphinx’s head!”
The true meaning of the papyrus has been a topic of heated debate for years, but it still remains a mystery.
“Virtually all ancient civilizations obsessed in star gods with their beginnings,” Herschel writes. “Many went on to build massive monuments to mark the stars positions on the ground and virtually all choosing the same ‘x’ that marks the spot as their ultimate monument within the specific star pattern”
What do you think of Herschel’s claim?
Source:ireporrt.cnn.com


sciencevibe--2020-04-12--Majestic, Mythical Beasts Still Exist…If You Know Where to Look!

This majestic looking bird is the stuff of legends , but Harpy Eagles live on today .
It is the largest and most powerful raptor found in the rainforest .
The eagle is most common in Brazil , where it is found across the entire national territory .
With the exception of some areas of Panama , the species is almost extinct in Central America , subsequent to the logging of much of the rainforest there .
Harpy Eagles love to eat sloths and monkeys , but frankly , their diet includes anything that moves such as deer , armadillos @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
Their talons are as big as a grizzly bear ’ s claw .
In other words , they are not to be messed with .
And they tend to live in Brazilian rain forests , although they can be also be found in Mexico , Central America , and South America .
Harpy eagles were first discovered in 1758 by Linnaeus , the famous Swedish botanist , zoologist , and physician who formalized binomial nomenclature , the modern system of naming organisms .
He is known as the “ father of modern @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the word harpy in the common name harpy eagle both come from Ancient Greek harpyia ( ἅρπυια ) .
They refer to the Harpies of Ancient Greek mythology .
These were wind spirits that took the dead to Hades and were said to have a body like an eagle and the face of a human .
The Website Mythology says : “ Regardless of their origin , the Harpies were known to inspire fear and terror .
There are at least four different Harpies that have been named in literature , though it @ @ @ @ @ @ @ six sisters ( due to the legends of the daughters of Aiolos ) .
The Harpies were known to have the power of swift winds and were capable of flying at incredible speeds that could not be matched .
They were often sent by Zeus to punish those who were disobedient and were known to torment their victims as they carried them of to Tartarus .
”

This majestic looking bird is the stuff of legends, but Harpy Eagles live on today. It is the largest and most powerful raptor found in the rainforest. The eagle is most common in Brazil, where it is found across the entire national territory. With the exception of some areas of Panama, the species is almost extinct in Central America, subsequent to the logging of much of the rainforest there.
Harpy Eagles love to eat sloths and monkeys, but frankly, their diet includes anything that moves such as deer, armadillos, foxes, and other tasty morels. Their talons are as big as a grizzly bear’s claw. In other words, they are not to be messed with.
And they tend to live in Brazilian rain forests, although they can be also be found in Mexico, Central America, and South America. Harpy eagles were first discovered in 1758 by Linnaeus, the famous Swedish botanist, zoologist, and physician who formalized binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming organisms. He is known as the “father of modern taxonomy.”
Carl Linnaeus
The species name harpyja and the word harpy in the common name harpy eagle both come from Ancient Greek harpyia (ἅρπυια). They refer to the Harpies of Ancient Greek mythology. These were wind spirits that took the dead to Hades and were said to have a body like an eagle and the face of a human.
The Website Mythology says: “Regardless of their origin, the Harpies were known to inspire fear and terror. There are at least four different Harpies that have been named in literature, though it is thought that there are at least six sisters (due to the legends of the daughters of Aiolos).
The Harpies were known to have the power of swift winds and were capable of flying at incredible speeds that could not be matched. They were often sent by Zeus to punish those who were disobedient and were known to torment their victims as they carried them of to Tartarus.”


sciencevibe--2020-04-08--Are “Hollow Earthers” WACKIER Than “Flat Earthers?”

Does “ Hollow Earth ” have an interior Sun ?
Are you kidding me ?
The Hollow Earth theorists maintain that for several years now , scientists have safeguarded and dutifully kept the secret of the “ Hollow Earth ” from the mainstream media .
But now the shocking truth must be told according to Hollow Earthers !
And it ’ s complete with photographs of our planet from space showing a hole in the ice of the North Pole that connects to the interior of our planet , and mind you – it ’ s a big hole .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ way – with photos and an amazing storyline – to persuade you it ’ s all true !
The question is are you buying it ?
Even for a second ?
Well , they even claim that a similar hole has been discovered on Venus .
Astronomers were shocked and questioned if these planets are hollow inside and what they have in their cores .
The report says in 1947 Vice Admiral of the Navy , Richard Byrd , flew over the North Pole and saw a ‘ mirage ’ with rivers , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ felt like a new Christopher Columbus finding a new continent .
Inside the hollow there is a lot going on including a smaller sun and , of course , a super advanced civilization of “ Inner Earth ” beings , which are considered peaceful and bent on helping humanity “ above ” .
But why does the Media hide this ?
Well long ago – meaning in the – 17th century , some of the leading scientific minds of the time came up with a new theory—that the planet is actually hollow .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ But the Media ignores them because it ’ s a tad too wacky – even for them .
But while modern science holds that that the Earth is an unbroken series of layers , crusts , and liquid magma surrounding a dense , hot core made primarily of iron and nickel .
But not everyone is convinced .
Even today , there is a hard core cadre of Hollow Earth believers who are fighting valiantly to validate their ideas through books , websites , meetings and some extremely ambitious travel plans .
“ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ based on my research is that the shell of the Earth is about 800 miles thick , from the outside to the inner surface , ” says Rodney Cluff , author of World Top Secret : Our Earth IS Hollow .
He went even further in a recent phone conversation that half the planet is taken up by surface weight , and then there ’ s empty space , and then , something else .
“ Suspended in the center of that hollow is an interior sun that is divided by day and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ “ The other part of the Hollow Earth theory is that near the North and South pole are substantial openings that lead into the interior.
” Our only question is : Are “ Hollow Earthers ” WACKIER Than “ Flat Earthers ?
”

Does “Hollow Earth” have an interior Sun? Are you kidding me?
The Hollow Earth theorists maintain that for several years now, scientists have safeguarded and dutifully kept the secret of the “Hollow Earth” from the mainstream media. But now the shocking truth must be told according to Hollow Earthers! And it’s complete with photographs of our planet from space showing a hole in the ice of the North Pole that connects to the interior of our planet, and mind you – it’s a big hole. This Video goes way out of its way – with photos and an amazing storyline – to persuade you it’s all true! The question is are you buying it? Even for a second?
Well, they even claim that a similar hole has been discovered on Venus. Astronomers were shocked and questioned if these planets are hollow inside and what they have in their cores. The report says in 1947 Vice Admiral of the Navy, Richard Byrd, flew over the North Pole and saw a ‘mirage’ with rivers, and a city. He reported he felt like a new Christopher Columbus finding a new continent. Inside the hollow there is a lot going on including a smaller sun and, of course, a super advanced civilization of “Inner Earth” beings, which are considered peaceful and bent on helping humanity “above”.
But why does the Media hide this? Well long ago – meaning in the – 17th century, some of the leading scientific minds of the time came up with a new theory—that the planet is actually hollow. This idea has proved incredibly durable. But the Media ignores them because it’s a tad too wacky – even for them.
But while modern science holds that that the Earth is an unbroken series of layers, crusts, and liquid magma surrounding a dense, hot core made primarily of iron and nickel. But not everyone is convinced.
Even today, there is a hard core cadre of Hollow Earth believers who are fighting valiantly to validate their ideas through books, websites, meetings and some extremely ambitious travel plans.
“My conception of the Hollow Earth, based on my research is that the shell of the Earth is about 800 miles thick, from the outside to the inner surface,” says Rodney Cluff, author of World Top Secret: Our Earth IS Hollow. He went even further in a recent phone conversation that half the planet is taken up by surface weight, and then there’s empty space, and then, something else. “Suspended in the center of that hollow is an interior sun that is divided by day and night sides,” he says, “The other part of the Hollow Earth theory is that near the North and South pole are substantial openings that lead into the interior.”
Our only question is: Are “Hollow Earthers” WACKIER Than “Flat Earthers?”


sciencevibe--2020-04-24--Why Did Evolution Make Most Of Us Right Handed?

Being Right-Handed Is Driven By Our Bipedal Stance…Here ’ s Why .
There ’ s a reason why lefties are so valuable in baseball .
Around 85 % of us prefer our right hands to our left for both eating and writing , a minority is left-handed and an indeterminate number of people are best described as ambidextrous .
This is universally true for all human populations anywhere in the world .
So what makes our right hands so preferable ?
And has this always been the case or did we adapt to be righties ?
According to archaeologist Natalie @ @ @ @ @ @ @ “ there has never been any report of a human population in which left-handed individuals predominate.
” Lateralization of limb use usually starts in the brain .
The left side of the brain typically has more control over the right side of the body and vice versa .
Essentially , the brain ’ s left hemisphere helps control coordination in the right hand .
Many scientists believe the division of neurological labor evolved out of efficiency—the two hemispheres of our brains can carry out different computations at the same time .
This can @ @ @ @ @ @ @ toads , and birds , which are more likely to attack prey spotted with their right eye .
It ’ s possible that as our hominin ancestors began walking on two legs , they were predisposed to begin using their hands differently .
Cognitive scientist Stephanie Braccini and her team wanted to get to the bottom of this .
They studied a group of chimpanzees and discovered that when apes stand on all fours , they display no hand preferences .
When they were forced to assume an upright stance a lateral preference @ @ @ @ @ @ @ be left-handed as right-handed .
Stone tools that were made 1.5 million years ago by Homo habilis and Homo erectus do show evidence of species-wide right-handedness .
By the time Homo heidelbergensis emerged around 600,000 years ago , there was a clear right-handed preference in societies—as evidenced in the wear of their teeth , which suggested food was brought to the mouth with the right hand .
Some argue language could be the source of this shift .
Most people do the bulk of their linguistic processing in their brand ’ s left @ @ @ @ @ @ @ then , that as the left hemisphere evolved for language , the preference for the right hand was intensified as a side effect .
This hypothesis is known as Homo loquens : the idea that lateralization was driven by the bipedal stance , while the preference rightward was driven by the evolution of language .
Proving this hypothesis is extremely difficult since we do not have the ability to run neurological tests on our ancestors .
There is also some speculation that handedness can be influenced and changed by social and cultural mechanisms @ @ @ @ @ @ @ in their populations than other , more permissive societies .
The hand-brain association is not a simple correlation .
Studies conducted in the 1970s revealed that most left-handers have the same left-hemispheric brain specialization for language typical of all humans .

Being Right-Handed Is Driven By Our Bipedal Stance…Here’s Why. There’s a reason why lefties are so valuable in baseball. Around 85% of us prefer our right hands to our left for both eating and writing, a minority is left-handed and an indeterminate number of people are best described as ambidextrous. This is universally true for all human populations anywhere in the world. So what makes our right hands so preferable? And has this always been the case or did we adapt to be righties? According to archaeologist Natalie Uomini at the University of Liverpool, “there has never been any report of a human population in which left-handed individuals predominate.”
Lateralization of limb use usually starts in the brain. The left side of the brain typically has more control over the right side of the body and vice versa. Essentially, the brain’s left hemisphere helps control coordination in the right hand. Many scientists believe the division of neurological labor evolved out of efficiency—the two hemispheres of our brains can carry out different computations at the same time. This can also be observed in various fish, toads, and birds, which are more likely to attack prey spotted with their right eye.
It’s possible that as our hominin ancestors began walking on two legs, they were predisposed to begin using their hands differently. Cognitive scientist Stephanie Braccini and her team wanted to get to the bottom of this. They studied a group of chimpanzees and discovered that when apes stand on all fours, they display no hand preferences. When they were forced to assume an upright stance a lateral preference emerged—though it was just as likely to be left-handed as right-handed.
Stone tools that were made 1.5 million years ago by Homo habilis and Homo erectus do show evidence of species-wide right-handedness. By the time Homo heidelbergensis emerged around 600,000 years ago, there was a clear right-handed preference in societies—as evidenced in the wear of their teeth, which suggested food was brought to the mouth with the right hand.
Some argue language could be the source of this shift. Most people do the bulk of their linguistic processing in their brand’s left hemisphere. It’s possible, then, that as the left hemisphere evolved for language, the preference for the right hand was intensified as a side effect. This hypothesis is known as Homo loquens: the idea that lateralization was driven by the bipedal stance, while the preference rightward was driven by the evolution of language.
Proving this hypothesis is extremely difficult since we do not have the ability to run neurological tests on our ancestors. There is also some speculation that handedness can be influenced and changed by social and cultural mechanisms. More restrictive societies show less left-handedness in their populations than other, more permissive societies.
The hand-brain association is not a simple correlation. Studies conducted in the 1970s revealed that most left-handers have the same left-hemispheric brain specialization for language typical of all humans.
Source: Scientific American, BBC


sciencevibe--2020-04-23--Can Science Find A ‘Black Hole Tunnel’ To Another Universe?

According to a mind-bending new theory , a black hole could actually be a tunnel between universes , meaning our universe may be nested inside a black hole that is part of a larger universe .
The theory explains that the matter doesn ’ t collapse into a single point , but rather gushes out a “ white hole ” at the other end of the black one .
The theory was published in the journal Physics Letters B , by Indiana University physicist Nikodem Poplawski .
In his article , he presents new mathematical models of the spiraling motion @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
His equations suggest that wormholes are probable alternatives to the “ space-time singularities ” originally predicted by Albert Einstein .
Einstein ’ s equations for general relativity suggest singularities are created whenever matter in a given region gets too dense as would happen at the center of a black hole .
Singularities are infinitely dense and hot , and take up no space .
This idea has been supported by indirect evidence but has never been fully accepted into the scientific community .
Now , Poplawski could have solved this problem .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ by black holes is expelled to become the building blocks for alternate galaxies , stars , and planets .
This theory could explain long-standing mysteries in modern cosmology .
The big bang theory , for example , says the universe began as a singularity—but scientists have no explanation for how this initial singularity formed in the first place .
If our universe was birthed by a white hole instead , “ it would solve this problem of black hole singularities and also the big bang singularity.
” Poplawski also proposes that gamma ray @ @ @ @ @ @ @ alternate universes .
He believes the matter might be escaping into our universe through supermassive black holes at the heart of alternate galaxies .
At this point , there is no evidence to support that idea .
Interestingly , the new model is not the first to propose that other universes exist inside black holes .
“ What is new here is an actual wormhole solution in general relativity that acts as the passage from the exterior black hole to the new interior universe , ” Damien Easson , a theoretical physicist who @ @ @ @ @ @ @ notes .
“ In our paper , we just speculated that such a solution could exist , but Poplawski has found an actual solution.
” That solution is in the form of equations but is still highly speculative .
Future work in quantum gravity could refine the equations and either support or disprove Poplawski ’ s theory , Easson claims .

According to a mind-bending new theory, a black hole could actually be a tunnel between universes, meaning our universe may be nested inside a black hole that is part of a larger universe. The theory explains that the matter doesn’t collapse into a single point, but rather gushes out a “white hole” at the other end of the black one.
The theory was published in the journal Physics Letters B, by Indiana University physicist Nikodem Poplawski. In his article, he presents new mathematical models of the spiraling motion of matter falling into the black hole. His equations suggest that wormholes are probable alternatives to the “space-time singularities” originally predicted by Albert Einstein.
Einstein’s equations for general relativity suggest singularities are created whenever matter in a given region gets too dense as would happen at the center of a black hole. Singularities are infinitely dense and hot, and take up no space. This idea has been supported by indirect evidence but has never been fully accepted into the scientific community.
Now, Poplawski could have solved this problem. His equations explain that the matter absorbed by black holes is expelled to become the building blocks for alternate galaxies, stars, and planets. This theory could explain long-standing mysteries in modern cosmology.
The big bang theory, for example, says the universe began as a singularity—but scientists have no explanation for how this initial singularity formed in the first place. If our universe was birthed by a white hole instead, “it would solve this problem of black hole singularities and also the big bang singularity.”
Poplawski also proposes that gamma ray bursts may be discharges of matter from alternate universes. He believes the matter might be escaping into our universe through supermassive black holes at the heart of alternate galaxies. At this point, there is no evidence to support that idea.
Interestingly, the new model is not the first to propose that other universes exist inside black holes.
“What is new here is an actual wormhole solution in general relativity that acts as the passage from the exterior black hole to the new interior universe,” Damien Easson, a theoretical physicist who made the speculation in previous studies, notes. “In our paper, we just speculated that such a solution could exist, but Poplawski has found an actual solution.”
That solution is in the form of equations but is still highly speculative. Future work in quantum gravity could refine the equations and either support or disprove Poplawski’s theory, Easson claims.


sciencevibe--2020-04-23--Kepler Data Suggests a SUPER-EARTH perished when it plunged into the Sun.

Rebecca G. Martin and Mario Livio at the University of Nevada , Las Vegas , have reviewed essential Kepler Data and suggested that our Solar System may have once had an additional planet – a SUPER-EARTH that perished when it plunged into the Sun .
The data collected by the Kepler mission show that what ’ s missing in our Solar System is a planet , or even rocky debris in the zone between Mercury and the Sun..
In over half of the other solar systems Kepler has observed , Kepler has found planets in the same zone where our @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of our Solar System , the Sun would have formed in the centre of a mass of gas and dust .
Eventually , when it gained enough mass , it came to life in a burst of atomic fusion .
Surrounding the Sun was a protoplanetary disk of gas and dust , out of which the planets formed .
A protoplanetary disk is a rotating circumstellar disk of dense gas and dust surrounding a young newly formed star .
“ The lack of Super–Earths in our solar system is somewhat puzzling given that @ @ @ @ @ @ @ contain one .
However , the fact that there is nothing inside of Mercury ’ s orbit may not be a coincidence , ” say the authors in the conclusion of their study , and they add that the most likely scenario in our Solar System is the in situ formation of a Super-Earth which subsequently fell into the Sun .
The young solar system would need a dead zone , the depth of the turbulence in the protoplanetary disk would have to be just right , and the disk would have to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ that these things have to be within a certain range may explain why we don ’ t have a Super-Earth in our system , while over half of the systems studied by Kepler do have one .
This can help to explain the observed large range in densities of super–Earths because the formation location determines the composition .
Furthermore , we speculate that super–Earths could have formed in the inner parts of our solar system and cleared the material in the region inside of Mercury ’ s orbit .
The super–Earths could migrate @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the Sun if the disk was sufficiently cool during the final gas disk accretion process .
While it is definitely possible to meet all of these requirements , we don ’ t expect them to occur in all systems , which may explain why the solar system is somewhat special in its lack of super–Earths… The artist conception shows a newly formed star surrounded by a swirling protoplanetary disk of dust and gas .
Debris coalesces to create rocky ‘ planetesimals ’ that collide and grow to eventually form planets .
The results @ @ @ @ @ @ @ form around stars with a wide range of heavy element content suggesting that their existence might be widespread in the galaxy .

Rebecca G. Martin and Mario Livio at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, have reviewed essential Kepler Data and suggested that our Solar System may have once had an additional planet – a SUPER-EARTH that perished when it plunged into the Sun. The data collected by the Kepler mission show that what’s missing in our Solar System is a planet, or even rocky debris in the zone between Mercury and the Sun.. In over half of the other solar systems Kepler has observed, Kepler has found planets in the same zone where our Solar System has none.In the early days of our Solar System, the Sun would have formed in the centre of a mass of gas and dust. Eventually, when it gained enough mass, it came to life in a burst of atomic fusion. Surrounding the Sun was a protoplanetary disk of gas and dust, out of which the planets formed. A protoplanetary disk is a rotating circumstellar disk of dense gas and dust surrounding a young newly formed star.
“The lack of Super–Earths in our solar system is somewhat puzzling given that more than half of observed exoplanetary systems contain one. However, the fact that there is nothing inside of Mercury’s orbit may not be a coincidence,” say the authors in the conclusion of their study, and they add that the most likely scenario in our Solar System is the in situ formation of a Super-Earth which subsequently fell into the Sun.
The young solar system would need a dead zone, the depth of the turbulence in the protoplanetary disk would have to be just right, and the disk would have to be the right temperature. The fact that these things have to be within a certain range may explain why we don’t have a Super-Earth in our system, while over half of the systems studied by Kepler do have one.
From their Abstract:
This can help to explain the observed large range in densities of super–Earths because the formation location determines the composition. Furthermore, we speculate that super–Earths could have formed in the inner parts of our solar system and cleared the material in the region inside of Mercury’s orbit. The super–Earths could migrate through the gas disk and fall into the Sun if the disk was sufficiently cool during the final gas disk accretion process. While it is definitely possible to meet all of these requirements, we don’t expect them to occur in all systems, which may explain why the solar system is somewhat special in its lack of super–Earths…
The artist conception shows a newly formed star surrounded by a swirling protoplanetary disk of dust and gas. Debris coalesces to create rocky ‘planetesimals’ that collide and grow to eventually form planets. The results of this study show that small planets form around stars with a wide range of heavy element content suggesting that their existence might be widespread in the galaxy.
Video Credit: University of Copenhagen/Lars Buchhave


sciencevibe--2020-04-23--PARK RANGERS have a LICENSE TO KILL…Poachers In Kaziranga!

Kaziranga National Park in India is one of the world ’ s most important wildlife sanctuaries , hosting two-thirds of the planet ’ s Indian rhinoceroses—a prime target for poaching and habitat destruction .
It ’ s not surprising that the UNESCO World Heritage Site is heavily guarded , but Kaziranga rangers take things a step further , shooting trespassers on sight .
That may seem extreme , but the results are undeniable .
The Indian rhinoceros is an extremely desirable target for poachers .
Just 1 kilogram of rhino horn is between $ 60,000 and $ 300,000 , and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , this sanctuary is one of the most high-tech on the planet , featuring a militarized ranger force armed with surveillance drones , wire traps , motion sensors , and top of the line weaponry .
Some poachers have been willing to risk it all ; more than 20 poachers were killed by rangers in 2015 alone .
BBC ’ s investigation into the matter revealed that rangers could have been acting beyond the law in some of the instances and some of the killings were possibly unnecessary .
But the data supports @ @ @ @ @ @ @ killed , the fewer rhinos are poached .
So should there be more oversight on the park ?
In an interview with BBC News , the park director commented that rangers have instructions to try and arrest the poachers before pulling the trigger .
It is unknown whether these instructions are closely followed , but rumors in the village tell a gruesome story of innocent bystanders walking through the area being killed by trigger-happy guards .
This aligns with a wider trend of the use of violence to defend the world ’ s @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , an animal which is found in great abundance and one who is largely responsible for destroying nature and ecosystems , must take a back seat when a crime against mother nature is on the examination table , ” a report from the regional government on the facility reads .
“ These crimes are far more heinous than murder.
” The government cites the growing power and sophistication of the crime syndicates in the illegal wildlife trade as justification for the “ war ” against poaching .
Still , experts are concerned that @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
A recent BBC story outlined the growing conflict in Kaziranga between the interests and rights of local and indigenous people and the need to protect the threatened species .
Groups like Survival International argues that these conservation projects have “ denied and undermined the rights of indigenous groups around the world.
” Furthermore , plans are in place to double the size of Kaziranga—meaning that villagers will continue being displaced with little due process .
There are several documented cases of violence and even death .
This so-called “ green grab ” @ @ @ @ @ @ @ but results in the dispossession of some of our planet ’ s most vulnerable people .

Kaziranga National Park in India is one of the world’s most important wildlife sanctuaries, hosting two-thirds of the planet’s Indian rhinoceroses—a prime target for poaching and habitat destruction. It’s not surprising that the UNESCO World Heritage Site is heavily guarded, but Kaziranga rangers take things a step further, shooting trespassers on sight. That may seem extreme, but the results are undeniable.
The Indian rhinoceros is an extremely desirable target for poachers. Just 1 kilogram of rhino horn is between $60,000 and $300,000, and demand has never been higher. Fortunately, this sanctuary is one of the most high-tech on the planet, featuring a militarized ranger force armed with surveillance drones, wire traps, motion sensors, and top of the line weaponry.
Some poachers have been willing to risk it all; more than 20 poachers were killed by rangers in 2015 alone. BBC’s investigation into the matter revealed that rangers could have been acting beyond the law in some of the instances and some of the killings were possibly unnecessary. But the data supports the fact that the more poachers are killed, the fewer rhinos are poached.
So should there be more oversight on the park? In an interview with BBC News, the park director commented that rangers have instructions to try and arrest the poachers before pulling the trigger. It is unknown whether these instructions are closely followed, but rumors in the village tell a gruesome story of innocent bystanders walking through the area being killed by trigger-happy guards. This aligns with a wider trend of the use of violence to defend the world’s protected areas.
“Crimes against man, an animal which is found in great abundance and one who is largely responsible for destroying nature and ecosystems, must take a back seat when a crime against mother nature is on the examination table,” a report from the regional government on the facility reads. “These crimes are far more heinous than murder.”
The government cites the growing power and sophistication of the crime syndicates in the illegal wildlife trade as justification for the “war” against poaching. Still, experts are concerned that militarization is not subject to judicial scrutiny. A recent BBC story outlined the growing conflict in Kaziranga between the interests and rights of local and indigenous people and the need to protect the threatened species. Groups like Survival International argues that these conservation projects have “denied and undermined the rights of indigenous groups around the world.”
Furthermore, plans are in place to double the size of Kaziranga—meaning that villagers will continue being displaced with little due process. There are several documented cases of violence and even death. This so-called “green grab” is successful in meeting environmental objectives, but results in the dispossession of some of our planet’s most vulnerable people.
Source: The Independent, IFL Science


sciencevibe--2020-04-22--Sigmund Freud’s Wonder Drug 130 Years Ago…Cocaine!

Here is what CNN ’ s ” Sanjay Gupta M.D .
had to say about Sigmund Freud : “ Nearly 130 years ago , cocaine was the world ’ s newest wonder drug – touted as a cure for everything from morphine addiction to tuberculosis .
And its biggest supporter was Sigmund Freud .
Dr. Sanjay Gupta has the fascinating history and what it means for us today !
” We all know that when Big Pharma unfurls its latest “ blockbuster ” drug – it is big , big , big news !
More than a century ago , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ was cocaine .
Yes- that ’ s right – cocaine !
In the early 1880s , pharmaceutical houses touted it as a cure for everything from morphine addiction and depression to dyspepsia and fatigue .
It was widely available in tonics , powders , wines and soft drinks before its mass consumption created a cadre of raging addicts demanding medical attention .
One of cocaine ’ s leading medical advocates was a struggling Viennese neurologist named Sigmund Freud .
He began studying cocaine ’ s effects in 1884 , and his clinical notebooks @ @ @ @ @ @ @ was himself .
Sanjay then draws upon the research of Dr. Howard Markel , a professor of the history of medicine at the University of Michigan , is the author of “ An Anatomy of Addiction : Sigmund Freud , William Halsted , and the Miracle Drug Cocaine ” ( Pantheon ) .
Here is what Sanjay had to say on CNN : The evolution of the once ‘ wonder drug ’ Initially , Sigmund was eager to employ cocaine as an antidote for his best friend ’ s morphine addiction .
Ernst @ @ @ @ @ @ @ his thumb while dissecting a cadaver , resulting in chronic pain tamed only by large doses of morphine .
Substituting one addictive drug for another was a common means of treating substance abuse in the late 19th century .
What all these well-intentioned games of medical musical chairs did most reliably was to create “ new and improved ” addicts .
Freud , in essence , transformed his highly functioning , albeit opiate-dependent , friend into an addled cocaine and morphine addict who was dead seven years later at age 45 .
One @ @ @ @ @ @ @ soured Freud on the drug .
Yet like most humans ensnared by cocaine ’ s addictive grip , for the next 12 years , he continued to sing its praises and consumed a great deal of cocaine to quell his physical aches and mental anxieties .
In a perverse way , Freud loved how cocaine made him talk endlessly about memories and experiences he previously thought were locked in his brain for no one to hear , let alone judge .
Freud ’ s most haunting encounter with the drug occurred in 1895 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Fleiss nearly killed a patient named Emma Eckstein with a botched operation and too much cocaine .
Several nights later , he had a disturbing dream about a party where Eckstein blamed Freud for his gross negligence .
Today , Eckstein is better known as “ Irma , ” the pseudonym Freud gave her in his masterpiece , “ The Interpretation of Dreams.
” When writing about his dream , Freud glossed over his obvious malpractice , an act that today would have resulted in disgrace , loss of medical license , lawsuits @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Freud explained the dream meant he was a caring doctor who was , if anything , overly concerned about his patient , “ Irma.
” Like so many others , Freud suffered from the most maddening symptom of addiction : the stealthy process by which the addict ’ s mind conspires to convince that nothing , nothing at all , is askew or dangerous about something that most decidedly is .
Indeed , if one set out to design addiction as an implacable disease , he would be hard pressed to come up @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , the need to lead a double life – feeding the addiction in private while struggling to starve , or at least conceal , it in public for long periods of time .
Until , that is , the addiction completely takes over with disastrous results and public masquerade is no longer possible .
One assumes that his clinical experiences with Eckstein , if not Fleischl-Marxow , taught him that cocaine was far too dangerous for any therapeutic application .
In the fall of 1896 , the day after his father ’ s @ @ @ @ @ @ @ his “ cocaine brush ” aside .
No documentary evidence exists to refute his testimony .
But for the remaining days of his life , Freud had far greater difficulty in fully comprehending the dangerous consequences of his substance abuse .
He decidedly , and repeatedly , misinterpreted his famous dream of cocaine .
Instead , he chose to elaborate a far more flattering and positive analysis that epitomizes an addiction ’ s power of subterfuge .
The man who invented psychoanalysis , a revolutionary pursuit for self-truth , succumbed to the same @ @ @ @ @ @ @ addict tells himself every day .
Via : CNN and Dr. Howard Markel , a professor of the history of medicine at the University of Michigan , is the author of “ An Anatomy of Addiction : Sigmund Freud , William Halsted , and the Miracle Drug Cocaine ” ( Pantheon ) .

Here is what CNN’s”Sanjay Gupta M.D. had to say about Sigmund Freud: “Nearly 130 years ago, cocaine was the world’s newest wonder drug – touted as a cure for everything from morphine addiction to tuberculosis. And its biggest supporter was Sigmund Freud. Dr. Sanjay Gupta has the fascinating history and what it means for us today!”
We all know that when Big Pharma unfurls its latest “blockbuster” drug – it is big, big, big news! More than a century ago, the biggest wonder drug on the market was cocaine. Yes- that’s right – cocaine! In the early 1880s, pharmaceutical houses touted it as a cure for everything from morphine addiction and depression to dyspepsia and fatigue. It was widely available in tonics, powders, wines and soft drinks before its mass consumption created a cadre of raging addicts demanding medical attention. One of cocaine’s leading medical advocates was a struggling Viennese neurologist named Sigmund Freud. He began studying cocaine’s effects in 1884, and his clinical notebooks amply demonstrate that his favorite experimental subject was himself.
Sanjay then draws upon the research of Dr. Howard Markel, a professor of the history of medicine at the University of Michigan, is the author of “An Anatomy of Addiction: Sigmund Freud, William Halsted, and the Miracle Drug Cocaine” (Pantheon). Here is what Sanjay had to say on CNN:
The evolution of the once ‘wonder drug’
Initially, Sigmund was eager to employ cocaine as an antidote for his best friend’s morphine addiction. Ernst Fleischl-Marxow was a brilliant physiologist who injured his thumb while dissecting a cadaver, resulting in chronic pain tamed only by large doses of morphine. Substituting one addictive drug for another was a common means of treating substance abuse in the late 19th century. What all these well-intentioned games of medical musical chairs did most reliably was to create “new and improved” addicts. Freud, in essence, transformed his highly functioning, albeit opiate-dependent, friend into an addled cocaine and morphine addict who was dead seven years later at age 45.
One would think that this episode would have soured Freud on the drug. Yet like most humans ensnared by cocaine’s addictive grip, for the next 12 years, he continued to sing its praises and consumed a great deal of cocaine to quell his physical aches and mental anxieties. In a perverse way, Freud loved how cocaine made him talk endlessly about memories and experiences he previously thought were locked in his brain for no one to hear, let alone judge.
Freud’s most haunting encounter with the drug occurred in 1895 after he and a colleague named Wilhelm Fleiss nearly killed a patient named Emma Eckstein with a botched operation and too much cocaine. Several nights later, he had a disturbing dream about a party where Eckstein blamed Freud for his gross negligence.
Today, Eckstein is better known as “Irma,” the pseudonym Freud gave her in his masterpiece, “The Interpretation of Dreams.” When writing about his dream, Freud glossed over his obvious malpractice, an act that today would have resulted in disgrace, loss of medical license, lawsuits and even jail time.
Instead, Freud explained the dream meant he was a caring doctor who was, if anything, overly concerned about his patient, “Irma.”
Like so many others, Freud suffered from the most maddening symptom of addiction: the stealthy process by which the addict’s mind conspires to convince that nothing, nothing at all, is askew or dangerous about something that most decidedly is.
Indeed, if one set out to design addiction as an implacable disease, he would be hard pressed to come up with a more diabolical symptom than denial, the need to lead a double life – feeding the addiction in private while struggling to starve, or at least conceal, it in public for long periods of time.
Until, that is, the addiction completely takes over with disastrous results and public masquerade is no longer possible.
One assumes that his clinical experiences with Eckstein, if not Fleischl-Marxow, taught him that cocaine was far too dangerous for any therapeutic application. In the fall of 1896, the day after his father’s funeral, Freud claimed to have put his “cocaine brush” aside. No documentary evidence exists to refute his testimony.
But for the remaining days of his life, Freud had far greater difficulty in fully comprehending the dangerous consequences of his substance abuse. He decidedly, and repeatedly, misinterpreted his famous dream of cocaine. Instead, he chose to elaborate a far more flattering and positive analysis that epitomizes an addiction’s power of subterfuge.
The man who invented psychoanalysis, a revolutionary pursuit for self-truth, succumbed to the same “big lie” most every practicing addict tells himself every day.
Via: CNN and Dr. Howard Markel, a professor of the history of medicine at the University of Michigan, is the author of “An Anatomy of Addiction: Sigmund Freud, William Halsted, and the Miracle Drug Cocaine” (Pantheon).


sciencevibe--2020-04-22--Was the true genius behind Einstein’s Relativity his first wife?

Did Albert Einstein steal the Theory of Relativity from his wife ?
That ’ s a bold claim , but some scholars believe that the true genius behind Einstein ’ s theories of light , space , and time may have been his first wife .
The assertion is based primarily on a collection of recently published letters between Einstein and his first wife , Mileva Einstein-Maric .
Maric was a well-educated mathematician and physicist who was familiar with her husband ’ s work—and might have been a significant contributor to it .
Of course , traditional Einstein scholars quickly @ @ @ @ @ @ @ pure fantasy.
” “ She may have been a sounding board for his ideas , but she was not a collaborator , ” John Stachel , director of the Center for Einstein Studies at Boston University , says .
Still , Evan Harris Walker , a research physicist at the United States Army Ballistic Research Laboratory , is determined to campaign on Maric ’ s behalf .
To support his claims , he highlights key phrased from correspondence between Einstein and his former wife in the years before he published his three papers @ @ @ @ @ @ @ concerned light and energy—an area Maric had a background in .
Einstein ultimately won the Nobel Prize for it .
“ How happy and proud I will be when the two of us together will have brought our work on the relative motion to a victorious conclusion , ” Einstein wrote to Maric in 1901 .
Before 1903 , there are more than 10 other instances when Einstein and Maric refer to “ our work ” or to their collaboration .
Maric and Einstein were married for 15 years , beginning in 1904 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Maric agreed that she would receive the proceeds of any Nobel Prize he might win .
Per the agreement , Einstein handed her the proceeds in 1921 .
“ My point is to say that the king had no clothes , ” Dr. Walker notes .
“ I ’ m not saying that Albert didn ’ t do anything , but because [ Maric ] was older and was initially the leader , she was probably the source of some of the ideas.
” Senta Troemel-Ploetz , a research linguist at the German @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Walker ’ s interpretation .
Troemel-Ploetz notes that the original manuscripts of Einstein ’ s 1905 papers had Miss Maric ’ s name listed as a co-author .
A Russian physicist named Abram Joffe saw the originals and was quoted in a little-known book written more than 30 years ago .
The original manuscript has been lost , and the papers were eventually published with Einstein ’ s name alone .
Still , Stachel is not convinced .
“ It is based on a story for which there is no other evidence , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ letters by arguing that they were written by “ a young man , deeply in love , who relaxed his own ego boundaries to include Maric within them.
” He also notes that in more than a dozen instances , Einstein refers to the work as his own in the letters .
With so little concrete evidence , it ’ s nearly impossible to conclude whether Maric was involved one way or the other .
But if new evidence is brought to the table , it will be important to give Maric the @ @ @ @ @

Did Albert Einstein steal the Theory of Relativity from his wife? That’s a bold claim, but some scholars believe that the true genius behind Einstein’s theories of light, space, and time may have been his first wife.
The assertion is based primarily on a collection of recently published letters between Einstein and his first wife, Mileva Einstein-Maric. Maric was a well-educated mathematician and physicist who was familiar with her husband’s work—and might have been a significant contributor to it. Of course, traditional Einstein scholars quickly dismiss this claim, calling it “pure fantasy.”
“She may have been a sounding board for his ideas, but she was not a collaborator,” John Stachel, director of the Center for Einstein Studies at Boston University, says.
Still, Evan Harris Walker, a research physicist at the United States Army Ballistic Research Laboratory, is determined to campaign on Maric’s behalf. To support his claims, he highlights key phrased from correspondence between Einstein and his former wife in the years before he published his three papers in 1905. One of the papers concerned light and energy—an area Maric had a background in. Einstein ultimately won the Nobel Prize for it.
“How happy and proud I will be when the two of us together will have brought our work on the relative motion to a victorious conclusion,” Einstein wrote to Maric in 1901. Before 1903, there are more than 10 other instances when Einstein and Maric refer to “our work” or to their collaboration.
Maric and Einstein were married for 15 years, beginning in 1904. Upon their divorce, Einstein and Maric agreed that she would receive the proceeds of any Nobel Prize he might win. Per the agreement, Einstein handed her the proceeds in 1921.
“My point is to say that the king had no clothes,” Dr. Walker notes. “I’m not saying that Albert didn’t do anything, but because [Maric] was older and was initially the leader, she was probably the source of some of the ideas.”
Senta Troemel-Ploetz, a research linguist at the German Research Society in Bonn, supports Mr. Walker’s interpretation. Troemel-Ploetz notes that the original manuscripts of Einstein’s 1905 papers had Miss Maric’s name listed as a co-author. A Russian physicist named Abram Joffe saw the originals and was quoted in a little-known book written more than 30 years ago. The original manuscript has been lost, and the papers were eventually published with Einstein’s name alone.
Still, Stachel is not convinced.
“It is based on a story for which there is no other evidence,” he argues. He dismisses the letters by arguing that they were written by “a young man, deeply in love, who relaxed his own ego boundaries to include Maric within them.” He also notes that in more than a dozen instances, Einstein refers to the work as his own in the letters.
With so little concrete evidence, it’s nearly impossible to conclude whether Maric was involved one way or the other. But if new evidence is brought to the table, it will be important to give Maric the credit she is due.
Source: Forbes, New York Times, Inverse


sciencevibe--2020-04-27--PENTAGON AT LONG LAST RELEASES NAVY VIDEOS OF “Unidentified Aerial Phenomena!”

It took years , but finally , the Pentagon formally released three unclassified videos taken by Navy pilots that have circulated for years .
Navy pilots spotted the unidentified aerial phenomena videotaped them .
They also recorded some amazing , authentic comments in real-time .
Their excitement is undeniable .
“ DOD is releasing the videos in order to clear up any misconceptions by the public on whether or not the footage that has been circulating was real , or whether or not there is more to the videos , ” Gough said .
“ The aerial phenomena observed in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ” “ Dude , this is a f–king drone , bro , ” a pilot exclaims on the video .
Another person says “ there ’ s a whole fleet of them.
” “ They ’ re all going against the wind .
The wind ’ s 120 knots to the west .
Look at that thing , dude !
” the first person says .
“ It ’ s rotating !
” In the other 2015 video , an object is shown from above speeding over the ocean , prompting the pilot @ @ @ @ @ @ @ f–k is that ?
” Sue Gough , a Defense Department spokeswoman said , “ After a thorough review , the department has determined that the authorized release of these unclassified videos does not reveal any sensitive capabilities or systems , and does not impinge on any subsequent investigations of military air space incursions by unidentified aerial phenomena.
” Five Navy pilots who spotted the objects , during training missions , said that they had interactions with unidentified aircraft during training missions in 2014 and 2015 along the East Coast from Virginia to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ clarify how pilots should report experiences with “ unidentified aerial phenomena , ” which they had been observing them since 2007 .
The 2004 incident occurred about 100 miles out in the Pacific , according to The New York Times , which first reported on the video in 2017 .
Two fighter pilots on a routine training mission were dispatched to investigate unidentified aircraft that a Navy cruiser had been tracking for weeksThe Navy pilots found an oblong object about 40 feet long hovering about 50 feet above the water , and it @ @ @ @ @ @ @ approached before quickly flying away .
“ It accelerated like nothing I ’ ve ever seen , ” one of the pilots .
The pilots left the area to meet at a rendezvous point about 60 miles away .
When they were still about 40 miles out , the ship radioed and said the object was at the rendezvous point , having traversed the distance “ in less than a minute , ” the pilot told The Times .
The two other videos of incidents in 2015 include footage of objects moving rapidly @ @ @ @ @ @ @ an object is seen racing through the sky and begins rotating in midair .

Department Of Defense Finally Releases Videos
It took years, but finally, the Pentagon formally released three unclassified videos taken by Navy pilots that have circulated for years. Navy pilots spotted the unidentified aerial phenomena videotaped them. They also recorded some amazing, authentic comments in real-time. Their excitement is undeniable.
“DOD is releasing the videos in order to clear up any misconceptions by the public on whether or not the footage that has been circulating was real, or whether or not there is more to the videos,” Gough said. “The aerial phenomena observed in the videos remain characterized as ‘unidentified.”
“Dude, this is a f–king drone, bro,” a pilot exclaims on the video. Another person says “there’s a whole fleet of them.”
“They’re all going against the wind. The wind’s 120 knots to the west. Look at that thing, dude!” the first person says. “It’s rotating!”
In the other 2015 video, an object is shown from above speeding over the ocean, prompting the pilot to excitedly remark, “What the f–k is that?”
Sue Gough, a Defense Department spokeswoman said, “After a thorough review, the department has determined that the authorized release of these unclassified videos does not reveal any sensitive capabilities or systems, and does not impinge on any subsequent investigations of military air space incursions by unidentified aerial phenomena.”
“Dude, this is a f–king drone, bro,” a pilot exclaims on the video. Another person says “there’s a whole fleet of them.”
Five Navy pilots who spotted the objects, during training missions, said that they had interactions with unidentified aircraft during training missions in 2014 and 2015 along the East Coast from Virginia to Florida. The Pentagon was pushed to clarify how pilots should report experiences with “unidentified aerial phenomena,” which they had been observing them since 2007.
CBS reported that:
The 2004 incident occurred about 100 miles out in the Pacific, according to The New York Times, which first reported on the video in 2017. Two fighter pilots on a routine training mission were dispatched to investigate unidentified aircraft that a Navy cruiser had been tracking for weeksThe Navy pilots found an oblong object about 40 feet long hovering about 50 feet above the water, and it began a rapid ascent as the pilots approached before quickly flying away. “It accelerated like nothing I’ve ever seen,” one of the pilots. CBS News: Pentagon formally releases 3 Navy videos showing “unidentified aerial phenomena”
The pilots left the area to meet at a rendezvous point about 60 miles away. When they were still about 40 miles out, the ship radioed and said the object was at the rendezvous point, having traversed the distance “in less than a minute,” the pilot told The Times.
“These things would be out there all day,” Lt. Ryan Graves said. “Keeping an aircraft in the air requires a significant amount of energy. With the speeds we observed, 12 hours in the air is 11 hours longer than we’d expect.”Credit…Tony Luong for The New York Times
The two other videos of incidents in 2015 include footage of objects moving rapidly through the air. In one, an object is seen racing through the sky and begins rotating in midair.
CBS News: Pentagon formally releases 3 Navy videos showing “unidentified aerial phenomena”


sciencevibe--2020-04-27--Intriguing, Distant World Astronomers Great Hope That a Second Earth Lies Among the Stars…

“ This intriguing , distant world gives us even greater hope that a second Earth lies among the stars , waiting to be found , ” said Thomas Zurbuchen , associate administrator of NASA ’ s Science Mission Directorate in Washington .
“ The data gathered by missions like Kepler and our Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite [ TESS ] will continue to yield amazing discoveries as the science community refines its abilities to look for promising planets year after year.
” Kepler-1649c orbits its small red dwarf star so closely that a year on Kepler-1649c is equivalent to only 19.5 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , called Kepler-1649c , when looking through old observations from Kepler , which the agency retired in 2018 .
While previous searches with a computer algorithm misidentified it , researchers reviewing Kepler data took a second look at the signature and recognized it as a planet .
Out of all the exoplanets found by Kepler , this distant world — located 300 light-years from Earth — is most similar to Earth in size and estimated temperature .
“ Out of all the mislabeled planets we ’ ve recovered , this one ’ s @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ’ s in the habitable zone and Earth-size , but because of how it might interact with this neighboring planet , ” said Andrew Vanderburg , a researcher at the University of Texas at Austin and first author on the paper released today in The Astrophysical Journal Letters .
“ If we hadn ’ t looked over the algorithm ’ s work by hand , we would have missed it.
” This newly revealed world is only 1.06 times larger than our own planet .
Also , the amount of starlight it receives @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of the amount of light Earth receives from our Sun — meaning the exoplanet ’ s temperature may be similar to our planet ’ s as well .
But unlike Earth , it orbits a red dwarf .
Though none have been observed in this system , this type of star is known for stellar flare-ups that may make a planet ’ s environment challenging for any potential life .
“ This intriguing , distant world gives us even greater hope that a second Earth lies among the stars , waiting to be @ @ @ @ @ @ @ associate administrator of NASA ’ s Science Mission Directorate in Washington .
“ The data gathered by missions like Kepler and our Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite [ TESS ] will continue to yield amazing discoveries as the science community refines its abilities to look for promising planets year after year.
” There is still much that is unknown about Kepler-1649c , including its atmosphere , which could affect the planet ’ s temperature .
Current calculations of the planet ’ s size have significant margins of error , as do all values in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
But based on what is known , Kepler-1649c is especially intriguing for scientists looking for worlds with potentially habitable conditions .
There are other exoplanets estimated to be closer to Earth in size , such as TRAPPIST-1f and , by some calculations , Teegarden c. Others may be closer to Earth in temperature , such as TRAPPIST-1d and TOI 700d .
But there is no other exoplanet that is considered to be closer to Earth in both of these values that also lies in the habitable zone of its system .
“ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ’ ve recovered , this one ’ s particularly exciting — not just because it ’ s in the habitable zone and Earth-size , but because of how it might interact with this neighboring planet , ” said Andrew Vanderburg , a researcher at the University of Texas at Austin and first author on the paper released today in The Astrophysical Journal Letters .
“ If we hadn ’ t looked over the algorithm ’ s work by hand , we would have missed it.
” Kepler-1649c orbits its small red dwarf star @ @ @ @ @ @ @ is equivalent to only 19.5 Earth days .
The system has another rocky planet of about the same size , but it orbits the star at about half the distance of Kepler-1649c , similar to how Venus orbits our Sun at about half the distance that Earth does .
Red dwarf stars are among the most common in the galaxy , meaning planets like this one could be more common than we previously thought .
Previously , scientists on the Kepler mission developed an algorithm called Robovetter to help sort through the massive @ @ @ @ @ @ @ spacecraft , managed by NASA ’ s Ames Research Center in California ’ s Silicon Valley .
Kepler searched for planets using the transit method , staring at stars , looking for dips in brightness as planets passed in front of their host stars .
Most of the time , those dips come from phenomena other than planets — ranging from natural changes in a star ’ s brightness to other cosmic objects passing by — making it look like a planet is there when it ’ s not .
Robovetter ’ s @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of dips that were real planets from the rest .
Those signatures Robovetter determined to be from other sources were labeled “ false positives , ” the term for a test result mistakenly classified as positive .
With an enormous number of tricky signals , astronomers knew the algorithm would make mistakes and would need to be double-checked — a perfect job for the Kepler False Positive Working Group .
That team reviews Robovetter ’ s work , going through each false positive to ensure they are truly errors and not exoplanets , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ As it turns out , Robovetter had mislabeled Kepler-1649c .
Even as scientists work to further automate analysis processes to get the most science as possible out of any given dataset , this discovery shows the value of double-checking automated work .
Even six years after Kepler stopped collecting data from the original Kepler field — a patch of sky it stared at from 2009 to 2013 , before going on to study many more regions — this rigorous analysis uncovered one of the most unique Earth analogs discovered yet .
Kepler-1649c not @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to Earth in terms of size and energy received from its star , but it provides an entirely new look at its home system .
For every nine times the outer planet in the system orbits the host star , the inner planet orbits almost exactly four times .
The fact that their orbits match up in such a stable ratio indicates the system itself is extremely stable and likely to survive for a long time .
Nearly perfect period ratios are often caused by a phenomenon called orbital resonance , but a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ systems .
Usually resonances take the form of ratios such as two-to-one or three-to-two .
Though unconfirmed , the rarity of this ratio could hint to the presence of a middle planet with which both the inner and outer planets revolve in synchronicity , creating a pair of three-to-two resonances .
The team looked for evidence of such a mystery third planet , with no results .
However , that could be because the planet is too small to see or at an orbital tilt that makes it impossible to find using Kepler @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , this system provides yet another example of an Earth-size planet in the habitable zone of a red dwarf star .
These small and dim stars require planets to orbit extremely close to be within that zone — not too warm and not too cold — for life as we know it to potentially exist .
Though this single example is only one among many , there is increasing evidence that such planets are common around red dwarfs .
“ The more data we get , the more signs we see pointing to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ exoplanets are common around these kinds of stars , ” said Vanderburg .
“ With red dwarfs almost everywhere around our galaxy , and these small , potentially habitable and rocky planets around them , the chance one of them isn ’ t too different than our Earth looks a bit brighter.
” For more information about Kepler and its discoveries , go to : https : //www.nasa.gov/kepler Materials provided by NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory .
Note : Content may be edited for style and length .

“This intriguing, distant world gives us even greater hope that a second Earth lies among the stars, waiting to be found,” said Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator of NASA’s Science Mission Directorate in Washington. “The data gathered by missions like Kepler and our Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite [TESS] will continue to yield amazing discoveries as the science community refines its abilities to look for promising planets year after year.”
Kepler-1649c orbits its small red dwarf star so closely that a year on Kepler-1649c is equivalent to only 19.5 Earth days.
Scientists discovered this planet, called Kepler-1649c, when looking through old observations from Kepler, which the agency retired in 2018. While previous searches with a computer algorithm misidentified it, researchers reviewing Kepler data took a second look at the signature and recognized it as a planet. Out of all the exoplanets found by Kepler, this distant world — located 300 light-years from Earth — is most similar to Earth in size and estimated temperature.
“Out of all the mislabeled planets we’ve recovered, this one’s particularly exciting — not just because it’s in the habitable zone and Earth-size, but because of how it might interact with this neighboring planet,” said Andrew Vanderburg, a researcher at the University of Texas at Austin and first author on the paper released today in The Astrophysical Journal Letters. “If we hadn’t looked over the algorithm’s work by hand, we would have missed it.”
A team of transatlantic scientists, using reanalyzed data from NASA’s Kepler space telescope, has discovered an Earth-size exoplanet orbiting in its star’s habitable zone, the area around a star where a rocky planet could support liquid water.
This newly revealed world is only 1.06 times larger than our own planet. Also, the amount of starlight it receives from its host star is 75% of the amount of light Earth receives from our Sun — meaning the exoplanet’s temperature may be similar to our planet’s as well. But unlike Earth, it orbits a red dwarf. Though none have been observed in this system, this type of star is known for stellar flare-ups that may make a planet’s environment challenging for any potential life.
Kepler-1649c orbits its small red dwarf star so closely that a year on Kepler-1649c is equivalent to only 19.5 Earth days.
“This intriguing, distant world gives us even greater hope that a second Earth lies among the stars, waiting to be found,” said Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator of NASA’s Science Mission Directorate in Washington. “The data gathered by missions like Kepler and our Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite [TESS] will continue to yield amazing discoveries as the science community refines its abilities to look for promising planets year after year.”
There is still much that is unknown about Kepler-1649c, including its atmosphere, which could affect the planet’s temperature. Current calculations of the planet’s size have significant margins of error, as do all values in astronomy when studying objects so far away. But based on what is known, Kepler-1649c is especially intriguing for scientists looking for worlds with potentially habitable conditions.
There are other exoplanets estimated to be closer to Earth in size, such as TRAPPIST-1f and, by some calculations, Teegarden c. Others may be closer to Earth in temperature, such as TRAPPIST-1d and TOI 700d. But there is no other exoplanet that is considered to be closer to Earth in both of these values that also lies in the habitable zone of its system.
“Out of all the mislabeled planets we’ve recovered, this one’s particularly exciting — not just because it’s in the habitable zone and Earth-size, but because of how it might interact with this neighboring planet,” said Andrew Vanderburg, a researcher at the University of Texas at Austin and first author on the paper released today in The Astrophysical Journal Letters. “If we hadn’t looked over the algorithm’s work by hand, we would have missed it.”
This newly revealed world is only 1.06 times larger than our own planet. Also, the amount of starlight it receives from its host star is 75% of the amount of light Earth receives from our Sun – meaning the exoplanet’s temperature may be similar to our planet’s as well
Kepler-1649c orbits its small red dwarf star so closely that a year on Kepler-1649c is equivalent to only 19.5 Earth days. The system has another rocky planet of about the same size, but it orbits the star at about half the distance of Kepler-1649c, similar to how Venus orbits our Sun at about half the distance that Earth does. Red dwarf stars are among the most common in the galaxy, meaning planets like this one could be more common than we previously thought.
Looking for False Positives
Previously, scientists on the Kepler mission developed an algorithm called Robovetter to help sort through the massive amounts of data produced by the Kepler spacecraft, managed by NASA’s Ames Research Center in California’s Silicon Valley. Kepler searched for planets using the transit method, staring at stars, looking for dips in brightness as planets passed in front of their host stars.
Most of the time, those dips come from phenomena other than planets — ranging from natural changes in a star’s brightness to other cosmic objects passing by — making it look like a planet is there when it’s not. Robovetter’s job was to distinguish the 12% of dips that were real planets from the rest. Those signatures Robovetter determined to be from other sources were labeled “false positives,” the term for a test result mistakenly classified as positive.
With an enormous number of tricky signals, astronomers knew the algorithm would make mistakes and would need to be double-checked — a perfect job for the Kepler False Positive Working Group. That team reviews Robovetter’s work, going through each false positive to ensure they are truly errors and not exoplanets, ensuring fewer potential discoveries are overlooked. As it turns out, Robovetter had mislabeled Kepler-1649c.
Even as scientists work to further automate analysis processes to get the most science as possible out of any given dataset, this discovery shows the value of double-checking automated work. Even six years after Kepler stopped collecting data from the original Kepler field — a patch of sky it stared at from 2009 to 2013, before going on to study many more regions — this rigorous analysis uncovered one of the most unique Earth analogs discovered yet.
A Possible Third Planet
Kepler-1649c not only is one of the best matches to Earth in terms of size and energy received from its star, but it provides an entirely new look at its home system. For every nine times the outer planet in the system orbits the host star, the inner planet orbits almost exactly four times. The fact that their orbits match up in such a stable ratio indicates the system itself is extremely stable and likely to survive for a long time.
Nearly perfect period ratios are often caused by a phenomenon called orbital resonance, but a nine-to-four ratio is relatively unique among planetary systems. Usually resonances take the form of ratios such as two-to-one or three-to-two. Though unconfirmed, the rarity of this ratio could hint to the presence of a middle planet with which both the inner and outer planets revolve in synchronicity, creating a pair of three-to-two resonances.
The team looked for evidence of such a mystery third planet, with no results. However, that could be because the planet is too small to see or at an orbital tilt that makes it impossible to find using Kepler’s transit method.
Either way, this system provides yet another example of an Earth-size planet in the habitable zone of a red dwarf star. These small and dim stars require planets to orbit extremely close to be within that zone — not too warm and not too cold — for life as we know it to potentially exist. Though this single example is only one among many, there is increasing evidence that such planets are common around red dwarfs.
“The more data we get, the more signs we see pointing to the notion that potentially habitable and Earth-size exoplanets are common around these kinds of stars,” said Vanderburg. “With red dwarfs almost everywhere around our galaxy, and these small, potentially habitable and rocky planets around them, the chance one of them isn’t too different than our Earth looks a bit brighter.”
For more information about Kepler and its discoveries, go to: https://www.nasa.gov/kepler
Story Source:
Materials provided by NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


sciencevibe--2020-04-28--How Canals On Mars Captivated Mankind’s Imagination And Led To Rumors Of Little Green Men…

Okay this may be a textbook example of how to start a rumor that captures and then terrorizes the world .
It all began with a telescope .
In 1877 by Italian astronomer , Giovanni Schiaparelli turned his telescope to the sky and bada-bing-bada–boom he discovered straight lines that ultimately sparked rumors of possible life on Mars due to an error in translation .
Schiaparelli , an Italian astronomer and senator , called the peculiar markings he observed on Mars in 1877 canali .
The word , erroneously translated into English as “ canals ” instead of “ channels , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the “ canals ” were constructed by intelligent beings .
Canali is the Italian word for channels , but it was mistranslated to mean canals—defined as man-made waterways and consequently implying the presence of life on mars Then astronomer Percival Lowell who was inspired by astronomer Giovanni Schiaparelli ’ s description of “ canali ” on Mars made intricate drawings of what he took to be canals based on his own observations he made at his observatory in Flagstaff , Ariz .
Thanks to this mistranslation , Lowell began studying Mars to find @ @ @ @ @ @ @ s theories influenced the young English writer H.G .
Wells , who in 1898 published The War of the Worlds .
In this novel , Wells created an invasion of Earth by deadly aliens from Mars and launched a whole new genre of alien science fiction .
In science fiction , use of the phrase “ little green men ” dates back to the 1940s , with the Encyclopedia of Science Fiction tracing the first usage to the story “ Mayaya ’ s Little Green Men ” ( Weird Tales , 1946 ) @ @ @ @ @ @ @ A Princess of Mars ” , the first of eleven science fiction novels by Edgar Rice Burroughs , was published .
Burroughs used Schiaparelli ’ s names for regions on the planet and gave his Martians green skin .
On Halloween in 1938 , Orson Welles and The Mercury Theater on the Air broadcast a radio version of The War of the Worlds .
The story , presented as a series of “ live ” news bulletins , panicked thousands of listeners who believed that America was being attacked by hostile Martians .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ “ canals ” and for a good reason .
We now know that they never existed !
The network of crisscrossing lines covering the surface of Mars was only a product of the human tendency to see patterns , even when patterns do not exist .
When looking at a faint group of dark smudges , the eye tends to connect them with straight lines .
This has been demonstrated by many laboratory and field experiments .
Percival Lowell ’ s quest kept his attention for the rest of his life .
He @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Arizona , and formed the beginning of the effort that led to the discovery of Pluto 14 years after his death .
Percival Lowell lived and worked at the observatory for the remainder of his life .
He continued his work observing Mars and using his observatory ( along with a crew of dedicated observers and astronomers ) until his death in 1916 .
Lowell ’ s legacy continues as Lowell Observatory enters its second century of service to astronomy .
Over the years , the facilities have been used for moon mapping @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of rings around Uranus , observations of the atmosphere of Pluto , and hosts of other research programs .

Okay this may be a textbook example of how to start a rumor that captures and then terrorizes the world. It all began with a telescope.
In 1877 by Italian astronomer, Giovanni Schiaparelli turned his telescope to
the sky and bada-bing-bada–boom he discovered straight lines that ultimately sparked rumors of possible life on Mars due to an error in translation. Schiaparelli, an Italian astronomer and senator, called the peculiar markings he observed on Mars in 1877 canali. The word, erroneously translated into English as “canals” instead of “channels,” led to widespread speculation over whether the “canals” were constructed by intelligent beings. Canali is the Italian word for channels, but it was mistranslated to mean canals—defined as man-made waterways and consequently implying the presence of life on mars
Percival Lowell during the early-20th century
Then astronomer Percival Lowell who was inspired by astronomer Giovanni Schiaparelli’s description of “canali” on Mars made intricate drawings of what he took to be canals based on his own observations he made at his observatory in Flagstaff, Ariz.
Thanks to this mistranslation, Lowell began studying Mars to find proof of intelligent life.
1877 map of Mars by Giovanni Schiaparelli Public Domain
Lowell’s theories influenced the young English writer H.G. Wells, who in 1898 published The War of the Worlds. In this novel, Wells created an invasion of Earth by deadly aliens from Mars and launched a whole new genre of alien science fiction.
In science fiction, use of the phrase “little green men” dates back to the 1940s, with the Encyclopedia of Science Fiction tracing the first usage to the story “Mayaya’s Little Green Men” (Weird Tales, 1946) by Harold Lawlor
The War of the Worlds
In 1911, “A Princess of Mars”, the first of eleven science fiction novels by Edgar Rice Burroughs, was published. Burroughs used Schiaparelli’s names for regions on the planet and gave his Martians green skin.
On Halloween in 1938, Orson Welles and The Mercury Theater on the Air broadcast a radio version of The War of the Worlds. The story, presented as a series of “live” news bulletins, panicked thousands of listeners who believed that America was being attacked by hostile Martians.
Most experienced astronomers never saw the Martian “canals” and for a good reason. We now know that they never existed! The network of crisscrossing lines covering the surface of Mars was only a product of the human tendency to see patterns, even when patterns do not exist. When looking at a faint group of dark smudges, the eye tends to connect them with straight lines. This has been demonstrated by many laboratory and field experiments.
Percival Lowell’s quest kept his attention for the rest of his life. He founded the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, and formed the beginning of the effort that led to the discovery of Pluto 14 years after his death.
Canals drawn by Percival Lowell
Percival Lowell lived and worked at the observatory for the remainder of his life. He continued his work observing Mars and using his observatory (along with a crew of dedicated observers and astronomers) until his death in 1916.
Lowell’s legacy continues as Lowell Observatory enters its second century of service to astronomy. Over the years, the facilities have been used for moon mapping for the NASA Apollo program, studies of rings around Uranus, observations of the atmosphere of Pluto, and hosts of other research programs.


sciencevibe--2020-04-27--Did Astronomers Just Find A Second Earth With Promise?


sciencevibe--2020-04-30--Gulp! Spiders Could Eat Every Human on Earth in One Year!

Did you know that spiders could eat all of us and still be hungry ?
That ’ s the story according to the Washington Post .
Drawing from an estimate published in the journal the Science of Nature , Martin Nyffeler and Klaus Birkhofer arrived at a number that is frankly shocking : The world ’ s spiders consume somewhere between 400 million and 800 million tons of prey in any given year .
That means that spiders eat at least as much meat as all 7 billion humans on the planet combined , who the authors note consume about @ @ @ @ @ @ @ each year .
They also report that , “ Spiders are quite literally all around us .
A recent entomological survey of North Carolina homes turned up spiders in 100 percent of them , including 68 percent of bathrooms and more than three-quarters of bedrooms .
There ’ s a good chance at least one spider is staring at you right now , sizing you up from a darkened corner of the room , eight eyes glistening in the shadows.
” A world without spiders would be a world with A LOT of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and shapes !
A new study reveals some stunning estimates about just how much the world ’ s spiders eat annually : between 400 and 800 million tons of insects , springtails , and other invertebrates .
Spiders feed on an estimated 400 to 800 million tons of insects and other pests annually ; in comparison , all humans consume about 400 million tons in meat and fish In the process , these eight-legged carnivores play an important role to keep countless insect pests , especially in forests and grassland areas , in @ @ @ @ @ @ @ findings of Martin Nyffeler of the University of Basel in Switzerland and Klaus Birkhofer of Lund University in Sweden and the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg in Germany , published in Springer ’ s journal The Science of Nature .
Using data from 65 previous studies , Nyffeler and Birkhofer first estimated how many spiders are currently to be found in seven biomes on the planet .
Their conclusion : altogether there are about 25 million metric tons ’ worth of them around .
Most spiders are found in forests , grasslands and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , urban areas and tundra areas .
The researchers then used two simple models to calculate how much prey all the world ’ s spiders as a whole kill per year .
In their first approach , they took into account how much most spiders generally need to eat to survive , as well as census data on the average spider biomass per square meter in the various biomes .
The second approach was based on prey capture observations in the field , combined with estimates of spider numbers per square meter .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ 800 million tons of prey are being killed by spiders each year .
For a sense of just how much this is , take the following into account : all humans together consume an estimated 400 million tons of meat and fish annually .
Whales feed on 280 to 500 million tons of seafood , while the world ’ s total seabird population eats an estimated 70 million tons of fish and other seafood .
According to further calculations , spiders in forests and grasslands account for more than 95 percent of the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ community .
The figure reflects the fact that forests , grasslands , and savannas are less frequently disturbed than for instance agricultural or urban areas , and therefore allow for greater spider biomass .
“ These estimates emphasize the important role that spider predation plays in semi-natural and natural habitats , as many economically important pests and disease vectors breed in those forest and grassland biomes , ” says lead author Martin Nyffeler .
According to the researchers , spiders are not only important predators but are also valuable sources of prey .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ parasitoids and parasites feed exclusively on spiders , while spiders at the same time form an important part of the diet of an estimated 3,000 to 5,000 bird species .
“ We hope that these estimates and their significant magnitude raise public awareness and increase the level of appreciation for the important global role of spiders in terrestrial food webs , ” adds Nyffeler .
Materials provided by Springer .
Note : Content may be edited for style and length .

Jumping spider Phidippus regius preying
Credit: David E. Hill, Peckham Society, Simpsonville, South Carolina
Did you know that spiders could eat all of us and still be hungry? That’s the story according to the Washington Post. Drawing from an estimate published in the journal the Science of Nature, Martin Nyffeler and Klaus Birkhofer arrived at a number that is frankly shocking: The world’s spiders consume somewhere between 400 million and 800 million tons of prey in any given year. That means that spiders eat at least as much meat as all 7 billion humans on the planet combined, who the authors note consume about 400 million tons of meat and fish each year. They also report that, “Spiders are quite literally all around us. A recent entomological survey of North Carolina homes turned up spiders in 100 percent of them, including 68 percent of bathrooms and more than three-quarters of bedrooms. There’s a good chance at least one spider is staring at you right now, sizing you up from a darkened corner of the room, eight eyes glistening in the shadows.”
A world without spiders would be a world with A LOT of other creeping crawling things of all sizes and shapes! A new study reveals some stunning estimates about just how much the world’s spiders eat annually: between 400 and 800 million tons of insects, springtails, and other invertebrates.
Spiders feed on an estimated 400 to 800 million tons of insects and other pests annually; in comparison, all humans consume about 400 million tons in meat and fish
In the process, these eight-legged carnivores play an important role to keep countless insect pests, especially in forests and grassland areas, in check. This is according to the findings of Martin Nyffeler of the University of Basel in Switzerland and Klaus Birkhofer of Lund University in Sweden and the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg in Germany, published in Springer’s journal The Science of Nature.
Using data from 65 previous studies, Nyffeler and Birkhofer first estimated how many spiders are currently to be found in seven biomes on the planet. Their conclusion: altogether there are about 25 million metric tons’ worth of them around. Most spiders are found in forests, grasslands and shrublands, followed by croplands, deserts, urban areas and tundra areas.
The researchers then used two simple models to calculate how much prey all the world’s spiders as a whole kill per year. In their first approach, they took into account how much most spiders generally need to eat to survive, as well as census data on the average spider biomass per square meter in the various biomes. The second approach was based on prey capture observations in the field, combined with estimates of spider numbers per square meter. According to their extrapolations, 400 to 800 million tons of prey are being killed by spiders each year.
For a sense of just how much this is, take the following into account: all humans together consume an estimated 400 million tons of meat and fish annually. Whales feed on 280 to 500 million tons of seafood, while the world’s total seabird population eats an estimated 70 million tons of fish and other seafood.
According to further calculations, spiders in forests and grasslands account for more than 95 percent of the annual prey kill of the global spider community. The figure reflects the fact that forests, grasslands, and savannas are less frequently disturbed than for instance agricultural or urban areas, and therefore allow for greater spider biomass.
“These estimates emphasize the important role that spider predation plays in semi-natural and natural habitats, as many economically important pests and disease vectors breed in those forest and grassland biomes,” says lead author Martin Nyffeler.
According to the researchers, spiders are not only important predators but are also valuable sources of prey. Between 8,000 and 10,000 other predators, parasitoids and parasites feed exclusively on spiders, while spiders at the same time form an important part of the diet of an estimated 3,000 to 5,000 bird species.
“We hope that these estimates and their significant magnitude raise public awareness and increase the level of appreciation for the important global role of spiders in terrestrial food webs,” adds Nyffeler.
Story Source:
Materials provided by Springer. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


sciencevibe--2020-04-28--How Canals On Mars Lead To Fears That We Would Be Attacked By Hostile Martians!


sciencevibe--2020-04-27--Kepler-1649c Gives Astronomers Hope That Somewhere Another Earth Exists! Can We Find It In Time?


sciencevibe--2020-05-03--Reality Is Like A Bizarre Dream Because It’s Only A  Simulation On A Higher Being’s Computer!

For many of us , 2020 has felt like a strange dream—almost like a bizarre imitation of our world .
Now , scientists who study the nature of reality are agreeing that this might actually be the case .
Is it possible that everything that ’ s happening today is just a simulation being run on a computer by some higher-order being ?
A few years back at the 2016 Isaac Asimov Memorial Debate at the American Museum of Natural History , panelists discussed this very topic .
And the answers could shock you , whether you want reality to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Randall , for example , believes that the odds that the universe isn ’ t “ real ” are “ effectively zero.
” That ’ s a good answer for anyone who doesn ’ t want to consider the alternative .
Astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson , on the other hand , said he thinks the likelihood “ may be very high.
” The question of whether we know that our universe is real has puzzled thinkers going far back into history—it ’ s been the topic of sci-fi films for years—including hits like @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and philosophers believe it ’ s impossible to prove definitively that we don ’ t live in a simulation .
And Tyson says he wouldn ’ t be surprised if we found out someone else is responsible for our reality .
Essentially , the “ simulation hypothesis ” is that if we can prove that it ’ s possible to simulate a universe by cracking its law , it makes it much more likely that it actually is simulated .
Essentially , if it ’ s possible to do something , the chances @ @ @ @ @ @ @ .
Of course , we ’ re still incapable of figuring out how to simulate a universe , but is it out of the question entirely ?
Tyson tackled the topic by pointing out that humans have always assumed that they ’ re the smartest beings alive , but that isn ’ t entirely true .
Tyson challenges us to imagine a life-form that ’ s much smarter than us .
“ What would we look like to them ?
We would be drooling , blithering idiots in their presence , ” Tyson @ @ @ @ @ @ @ s the case , it is easy for me to imagine that everything in our lives is just the creation of some other entity for their entertainment .
I ’ m saying , the day we learn that it is true , I will be the only one in the room saying , ‘ I ’ m not surprised.
’ ” Check out the full discussion below and tell us what you think .

For many of us, 2020 has felt like a strange dream—almost like a bizarre imitation of our world. Now, scientists who study the nature of reality are agreeing that this might actually be the case. Is it possible that everything that’s happening today is just a simulation being run on a computer by some higher-order being? A few years back at the 2016 Isaac Asimov Memorial Debate at the American Museum of Natural History, panelists discussed this very topic. And the answers could shock you, whether you want reality to be real or not.
Physicist Lisa Randall, for example, believes that the odds that the universe isn’t “real” are “effectively zero.” That’s a good answer for anyone who doesn’t want to consider the alternative. Astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson, on the other hand, said he thinks the likelihood “may be very high.”
The question of whether we know that our universe is real has puzzled thinkers going far back into history—it’s been the topic of sci-fi films for years—including hits like “The Matrix.” But most physicists and philosophers believe it’s impossible to prove definitively that we don’t live in a simulation. And Tyson says he wouldn’t be surprised if we found out someone else is responsible for our reality.
Essentially, the “simulation hypothesis” is that if we can prove that it’s possible to simulate a universe by cracking its law, it makes it much more likely that it actually is simulated. Essentially, if it’s possible to do something, the chances are higher it is already being done. Of course, we’re still incapable of figuring out how to simulate a universe, but is it out of the question entirely?
Tyson tackled the topic by pointing out that humans have always assumed that they’re the smartest beings alive, but that isn’t entirely true. Tyson challenges us to imagine a life-form that’s much smarter than us.
“What would we look like to them? We would be drooling, blithering idiots in their presence,” Tyson argues. “And if that’s the case, it is easy for me to imagine that everything in our lives is just the creation of some other entity for their entertainment. I’m saying, the day we learn that it is true, I will be the only one in the room saying, ‘I’m not surprised.’”
Check out the full discussion below and tell us what you think.
Source: Business Insider