sciencevibe--2020-06-03--“The Time Machine” Author’s Most PROLIFIC Quotes

H.G .
Wells was born in England in 1866 , H.G .
Wells ’ s parents were shopkeepers in Kent , England .
His first novel , The Time Machine was an instant success and Wells produced a series of science fiction novels which pioneered our ideas of the future .
His later work focused on satire and social criticism and you can see from the quotes below he was well versed in observation and profound thoughts .
Wells died in 1946 .
Wells is now best remembered for his science fiction novels , and is called the father of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ and Hugo Gernsback .
His most notable science fiction works include The Time Machine ( 1895 ) , The Island of Doctor Moreau ( 1896 ) , The Invisible Man ( 1897 ) , and The War of the Worlds ( 1898 ) .
He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature four times .
“ Nature never appeals to intelligence until habit and instinct are useless .
There is no intelligence where there is no need of change.
” ― H.G .
Wells , The Time Machine “ We should strive @ @ @ @ @ @ @ they are what help us grow .
With out them we grow weak like the Eloi in comfort and security .
We need to constantly be challenging ourselves in order to strengthen our character and increase our intelligence .
” ― H.G .
Wells , The Time Machine “ Looking at these stars suddenly dwarfed my own troubles and all the gravities of terrestrial life.
” ― H.G .
Wells , The Time Machine “ It is a law of nature we overlook , that intellectual versatility is the compensation for change , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ perfectly in harmony with its environment is a perfect mechanism .
Nature never appeals to intelligence until habit and instinct are useless .
There is no intelligence where there is no change and no need of change .
Only those animals partake of intelligence that have a huge variety of needs and dangers.
” ― H.G .
Wells , The Time Machine “ We are always getting away from the present moment .
Our mental existence , which are immaterial and have no dimensions , are passing along the Time-Dimension with a uniform @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ” ― H.G .
Wells , The Time Machine “ No .
I can not expect you to believe it .
Take it as a lie–or a prophecy .
Say I dreamed it in the workshop .
Consider I have been speculating upon the destinies of our race until I have hatched this fiction .
Treat my assertion of its truth as a mere stroke of art to enhance its interest .
And taking it as a story , what do you think of it ?
” ― H.G .
Wells , The @ @ @ @ @ @ @ end , above ground you must have the Haves , pursuing pleasure and comfort and beauty , and below ground the Have-nots , the Workers getting continually adapted to the conditions of their labour .
Once they were there , they would no doubt have to pay rent , and not a little of it , for the ventilation of their caverns ; and if they refused , they would starve or be suffocated for arrears .
Such of them as were so constituted as to be miserable and rebellious would die ; @ @ @ @ @ @ @ balance being permanent , the survivors would become as well adapted to the conditions of underground life , and as happy in their way , as the Upper-world people were to theirs.
” ― H.G .
Wells , The Time Machine

H.G. Wells was born in England in 1866, H.G. Wells’s parents were shopkeepers in Kent, England. His first novel, The Time Machine was an instant success and Wells produced a series of science fiction novels which pioneered our ideas of the future. His later work focused on satire and social criticism and you can see from the quotes below he was well versed in observation and profound thoughts. Wells died in 1946. Wells is now best remembered for his science fiction novels, and is called the father of science fiction, along with Jules Verne and Hugo Gernsback. His most notable science fiction works include The Time Machine(1895), The Island of Doctor Moreau (1896), The Invisible Man (1897), and The War of the Worlds (1898). He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature four times.
“Nature never appeals to intelligence until habit and instinct are useless. There is no intelligence where there is no need of change.”
― H.G. Wells, The Time Machine
“We should strive to welcome change and challenges, because they are what help us grow. With out them we grow weak like the Eloi in comfort and security. We need to constantly be challenging ourselves in order to strengthen our character and increase our intelligence. ”
― H.G. Wells, The Time Machine
“Looking at these stars suddenly dwarfed my own troubles and all the gravities of terrestrial life.”
― H.G. Wells, The Time Machine
“It is a law of nature we overlook, that intellectual versatility is the compensation for change, danger, and trouble. An animal perfectly in harmony with its environment is a perfect mechanism. Nature never appeals to intelligence until habit and instinct are useless. There is no intelligence where there is no change and no need of change. Only those animals partake of intelligence that have a huge variety of needs and dangers.”
― H.G. Wells, The Time Machine
“We are always getting away from the present moment. Our mental existence, which are immaterial and have no dimensions, are passing along the Time-Dimension with a uniform velocity from the cradle to the grave.”
― H.G. Wells, The Time Machine
“No. I cannot expect you to believe it. Take it as a lie–or a prophecy. Say I dreamed it in the workshop. Consider I have been speculating upon the destinies of our race until I have hatched this fiction. Treat my assertion of its truth as a mere stroke of art to enhance its interest. And taking it as a story, what do you think of it?”
― H.G. Wells, The Time Machine
“So, in the end, above ground you must have the Haves, pursuing pleasure and comfort and beauty, and below ground the Have-nots, the Workers getting continually adapted to the conditions of their labour. Once they were there, they would no doubt have to pay rent, and not a little of it, for the ventilation of their caverns; and if they refused, they would starve or be suffocated for arrears. Such of them as were so constituted as to be miserable and rebellious would die; and, in the end, the balance being permanent, the survivors would become as well adapted to the conditions of underground life, and as happy in their way, as the Upper-world people were to theirs.”
― H.G. Wells, The Time Machine


sciencevibe--2020-06-08--21 Grams: Weighing Souls Is A Curiosity, But Is It Real?

It is widely believed that at the moment of death , our bodies become lighter .
This idea is symbolic of a greater believe—that our soul is such a true part of us that it actually has weight .
One physician sought to determine the weight of the human soul by placing dying patients on a scale .
Most religions maintain that death is not an end , but a transformation—that as we leave our bodies behind our souls continue on in a new journey .
But our souls are largely intangible—they can ’ t be seen or heard or @ @ @ @ @ @ @ feeling uncomfortable .
Without the concept of our soul , dead is just…dead .
Dr. Duncan MacDougall of Haverhill , Massachusetts did not accept that as a potential reality .
He postulated that the soul was material and therefore had mass .
He speculated that a measurable drop in the weight of the deceased would be observable at the moment this “ essence ” parted ways from the bodies .
He conducted a series of experiments in 1907 to prove his hypothesis .
Dr. MacDougall sought to determine “ if the psychic functions @ @ @ @ @ @ @ or personality after the death of brain and body.
” He constructed a special bed in his office “ arranged on a light framework built upon very delicately balanced platform beam scales ” sensitive to two-tenths of an ounce .
He then observed six patients in the end stages of terminal illness before , during , and after the process of death .
He measured any corresponding changes in weight and proceeded to eliminate as many physiological explanations for the results he could conceive of .
“ There remained but one more channel @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of all but the residual air in the lungs , ” Dr. MacDougall wrote of his studies .
“ Getting upon the bed myself , my colleague but the beam at actual balance .
Inspiration and expiration of air as forcibly as possible by me had no effect upon the beam .
My colleague got upon the bed and I placed the beam at balance .
Forcible inspiration and expiration of air on his part had no effect .
In this case , we certainly have an inexplicable loss of weight of three-fourths @ @ @ @ @ @ @ soul substance ?
How other shall we explain it ?
” MacDougall repeated his experiment with fifteen dogs and concluded that “ the results were uniformly negative , no loss of weight at death.
” He believed this corroborated his hypothesis that the loss of weight was due to the soul ’ s departure from the body .
His results were published in The New York Times .
Of course , from a scientific perspective , MacDougall ’ s experiments prove very little .
There were flaws to his method of collection .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ greater possibilities .

It is widely believed that at the moment of death, our bodies become lighter. This idea is symbolic of a greater believe—that our soul is such a true part of us that it actually has weight. One physician sought to determine the weight of the human soul by placing dying patients on a scale.
Most religions maintain that death is not an end, but a transformation—that as we leave our bodies behind our souls continue on in a new journey. But our souls are largely intangible—they can’t be seen or heard or smelled or touched—and that make many people feeling uncomfortable. Without the concept of our soul, dead is just…dead.
Dr. Duncan MacDougall of Haverhill, Massachusetts did not accept that as a potential reality. He postulated that the soul was material and therefore had mass. He speculated that a measurable drop in the weight of the deceased would be observable at the moment this “essence” parted ways from the bodies. He conducted a series of experiments in 1907 to prove his hypothesis.
Dr. MacDougall sought to determine “if the psychic functions continue to exist as a separate individuality or personality after the death of brain and body.” He constructed a special bed in his office “arranged on a light framework built upon very delicately balanced platform beam scales” sensitive to two-tenths of an ounce. He then observed six patients in the end stages of terminal illness before, during, and after the process of death. He measured any corresponding changes in weight and proceeded to eliminate as many physiological explanations for the results he could conceive of.
“There remained but one more channel of loss to explore, the expiration of all but the residual air in the lungs,” Dr. MacDougall wrote of his studies. “Getting upon the bed myself, my colleague but the beam at actual balance. Inspiration and expiration of air as forcibly as possible by me had no effect upon the beam. My colleague got upon the bed and I placed the beam at balance. Forcible inspiration and expiration of air on his part had no effect. In this case, we certainly have an inexplicable loss of weight of three-fourths of an ounce. Is it the soul substance? How other shall we explain it?”
MacDougall repeated his experiment with fifteen dogs and concluded that “the results were uniformly negative, no loss of weight at death.” He believed this corroborated his hypothesis that the loss of weight was due to the soul’s departure from the body. His results were published in The New York Times.
Of course, from a scientific perspective, MacDougall’s experiments prove very little. There were flaws to his method of collection. But it does make us think of greater possibilities.


sciencevibe--2020-06-08--The Secret Lost Labyrinth of Egypt Finally Found

Arguably one of the greatest discoveries of Ancient Egypt , the underground Labyrinth has been found , confirmed , and suppressed from mainstream history .
So why does one of the world ’ s most interesting historical landmarks remain so vaguely known ?
This forgotten world of underground chambers has remained unexplored for centuries , but they could change the way we look at history .
The mysterious underground complex is believed to hold the secrets of mankind ’ s origin—and possibly even a sacred text from the lost civilization of Atlantis .
It was described by authors like Strabo @ @ @ @ @ @ @ “ When one had entered the sacred enclosure , one found a temple surrounded by columns , 40 to each side , and this building had a roof made of a single stone , carved with panels and richly adorned with excellent paintings .
It contained memorials of the homeland of each of the kings as well as of the temples and sacrifices carried out in it , all skillfully worked in paintings of the greatest beauty , ” Herodotus wrote in the IV century BC .
The underground temple is believed to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ with hieroglyphs and paintings .
In 2008 , a group of researchers from Belgium and Egypt investigated the underground complex and was able to confirm the presence of an underground temple not far from Pyramid of Amenemhat III .
Without a doubt , this is one of the most incredible discoveries in the history of Egypt , so why has it been tucked away from society ?
After the discovery was made in 2008 , the finding was suppressed by the Secretary-General of the Supreme Council of Antiquities ( Egypt ) , who @ @ @ @ @ @ @ about the discovery because of Egyptian National Security sanctions .
Historians hope to one day have the answers .

Arguably one of the greatest discoveries of Ancient Egypt, the underground Labyrinth has been found, confirmed, and suppressed from mainstream history. So why does one of the world’s most interesting historical landmarks remain so vaguely known? This forgotten world of underground chambers has remained unexplored for centuries, but they could change the way we look at history.
The mysterious underground complex is believed to hold the secrets of mankind’s origin—and possibly even a sacred text from the lost civilization of Atlantis. It was described by authors like Strabo and Herodotus before the story disappeared.
“When one had entered the sacred enclosure, one found a temple surrounded by columns, 40 to each side, and this building had a roof made of a single stone, carved with panels and richly adorned with excellent paintings. It contained memorials of the homeland of each of the kings as well as of the temples and sacrifices carried out in it, all skillfully worked in paintings of the greatest beauty,” Herodotus wrote in the IV century BC.
The underground temple is believed to consist of over 3000 rooms, filled with hieroglyphs and paintings. In 2008, a group of researchers from Belgium and Egypt investigated the underground complex and was able to confirm the presence of an underground temple not far from Pyramid of Amenemhat III. Without a doubt, this is one of the most incredible discoveries in the history of Egypt, so why has it been tucked away from society?
After the discovery was made in 2008, the finding was suppressed by the Secretary-General of the Supreme Council of Antiquities (Egypt), who put a hold on all further communication about the discovery because of Egyptian National Security sanctions.
Historians hope to one day have the answers.


sciencevibe--2020-06-08--Dr. KAKU: ‘If you’re in a flying saucer, steal something…’

You ’ re not going to believe what Kaku has to say about on extraterrestrial civilizations , “ Why ETs don ’ t visit us ” and more !
Here ’ s the first one : “ Well , I tell my friends who claim to be abducted by a flying saucer , ‘ If you ’ re in a flying saucer , steal something , ’ ” he told CBS News jokingly .
“ I don ’ t care what it is , a pen , a paperweight , anything , so you have bragging rights after you leave @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ’ re empty-handed.
” “ Eyewitness accounts are not enough , even a photograph could be a smudge .
It could be a reflection off someone ’ s windshield , or it could be almost anything , ” he added .
“ That ’ s why we want something tangible — an alien chip , alien DNA — then the debate is over .
“ We have nothing to offer a highly advanced extraterrestrial civilization and that ’ s why I think they don ’ t visit us .
We are arrogant to @ @ @ @ @ @ @ extraterrestrial beings would travel thousands of light years to visit us .
So that ’ s why they don ’ t visit us ” .
“ Some people say if there are intelligent life forms out there , and I think there are , How come they don ’ t visit us ?
Why don ’ t they land on the White House lawn , announce their presence and give us their technology ?
Well , if you ’ re walking down a country road and you see an anthill , do you @ @ @ @ @ @ @ I bring you gifts , I bring you trinkets , bead , I bring you nuclear energy , take me to your ant queen ?
Or do we have this strange urge to step on a few of them ?
If aliens are so that advanced that they can land on the White House lawn , then we are like ants to them , we have nothing to offer them , so the reason that they don ’ t announce their existence to us is that we ’ re boring , they ’ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ nothing to offer a civilization that advanced and that ’ s why I think they don ’ t visit us .
We are arrogant to think that we are so interesting , extraterrestrial beings would travel thousands of light years just to visit us .
So that ’ s why they don ’ t visit us , we ’ re just not that interesting .
”

You’re not going to believe what Kaku has to say about on extraterrestrial civilizations, “Why ETs don’t visit us” and more! Here’s the first one: “Well, I tell my friends who claim to be abducted by a flying saucer, ‘If you’re in a flying saucer, steal something,’” he told CBS News jokingly. “I don’t care what it is, a pen, a paperweight, anything, so you have bragging rights after you leave the flying saucer, otherwise, you’re empty-handed.”
“Eyewitness accounts are not enough, even a photograph could be a smudge. It could be a reflection off someone’s windshield, or it could be almost anything,” he added. “That’s why we want something tangible — an alien chip, alien DNA — then the debate is over.
“We have nothing to offer a highly advanced extraterrestrial civilization and that’s why I think they don’t visit us.
We are arrogant to think that we are so interesting that extraterrestrial beings would travel thousands of light years to visit us. So that’s why they don’t visit us”.
“Some people say if there are intelligent life forms out there, and I think there are, How come they don’t visit us? Why don’t they land on the White House lawn, announce their presence and give us their technology? Well, if you’re walking down a country road and you see an anthill, do you go down to the ants and say I bring you gifts, I bring you trinkets, bead, I bring you nuclear energy, take me to your ant queen? Or do we have this strange urge to step on a few of them? If aliens are so that advanced that they can land on the White House lawn, then we are like ants to them, we have nothing to offer them, so the reason that they don’t announce their existence to us is that we’re boring, they’ve seen it all. We have nothing to offer a civilization that advanced and that’s why I think they don’t visit us. We are arrogant to think that we are so interesting, extraterrestrial beings would travel thousands of light years just to visit us. So that’s why they don’t visit us, we’re just not that interesting.”


sciencevibe--2020-06-08--These Beautiful Women Claim ETs Got Them Pregnant (and they have the children to prove it)

Well , here ’ s something you don ’ t hear every day : a group in the United States is working to create a race of human-alien hybrids by having sexual relations with extraterrestrials and then sending them into space .
The Hybrid Children Community is currently working to recruit more parent breeders , willing to “ evolve ” the human race into a new sub-species .
The group believes the new species will eventually take over the Earth .
Women in the group claim to have mated with reptile-like lizards , describing the experience as a pleasant one @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Arizona charges $ 65 for an over-the-phone session to parents who believe they may have conceived hybrid children .
Another young hybrid mom is Aluna Verse , in Los Angeles .
The two girls claim to have 13 children between them .
The community was founded by Sharon McCormick , who is in her 60s , and Nielsen .
“ Since I discovered six and a half years ago that I have many hybrid children , my mission in life has become to spread the world that they ’ re real , positive @ @ @ @ @ @ @ parents , siblings , and friends of these remarkable kids , ” McCormick writes on the website .
“ The concept of hybrid children is so new to so many of us that I believe connecting with each other is of primary importance for moving us all ahead toward the day when we will be vibrationally ready for the children to arrive on Earth .
”

Well, here’s something you don’t hear every day: a group in the United States is working to create a race of human-alien hybrids by having sexual relations with extraterrestrials and then sending them into space.
The Hybrid Children Community is currently working to recruit more parent breeders, willing to “evolve” the human race into a new sub-species. The group believes the new species will eventually take over the Earth.
Women in the group claim to have mated with reptile-like lizards, describing the experience as a pleasant one. 27-year-old Bridget Nielsen of Sedona, Arizona charges $65 for an over-the-phone session to parents who believe they may have conceived hybrid children.
Another young hybrid mom is Aluna Verse, in Los Angeles. The two girls claim to have 13 children between them.
The community was founded by Sharon McCormick, who is in her 60s, and Nielsen.
“Since I discovered six and a half years ago that I have many hybrid children, my mission in life has become to spread the world that they’re real, positive and loving, and to support the parents, siblings, and friends of these remarkable kids,” McCormick writes on the website. “The concept of hybrid children is so new to so many of us that I believe connecting with each other is of primary importance for moving us all ahead toward the day when we will be vibrationally ready for the children to arrive on Earth.”


sciencevibe--2020-06-07--Minotaur’s Labyrinth Found on Crete…More Than A Myth?

As mythology would have it , when Daedalus arrived in Crete , he was welcome at the court of Minos and his wife , Pasiphae .
It didn ’ t take long for him to get into a complex situation there .
Because Minos had kept a white bull given to him by Poseidon for the purpose of sacrifice , Poseidon had caused Pasiphae physically desire the pull .
Frightened by her desires , she asked Daedalus to fashion a wooden cow so she could hide and fulfill a relationship with the bull .
As the story goes , she @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a creature with a human body and a bull ’ s head .
Out of fear , Minos asked Daedalus to build a Labyrinth from which her son , the Minotaur could not escape .
Now , a team of scholars has discovered a disused stone on the Crete , which some believe could be the original site of the ancient Labyrinth .
The quarry is riddled with an elaborate network of underground tunnels that mirror the mythical maze that is believed to have once housed the half-bull , half-man Minotaur .
The @ @ @ @ @ @ @ expedition to the site this summer believes that the near town of Gortyn has as much claim to the location of the Labyrinth as the Minoan palace at Knossos 20 miles away , which has been synonymous with the Minotaur myth .
Anyone who has visited the ruins at Knossos has been told it is believed to have once been the home of King Minos .
Nicholas Howarth , an Oxford University geographer who led the expedition , says that there is a danger of Gortyn being lost from the story of the @ @ @ @ @ @ @ mythology .
“ People come not just to see the controversial ruins excavated and reconstructed by Evans , but also to seek a connection to the mythical past of the Age of Heroes , ” Howarth commented .
In fact , the caves in Gortyn , which are known locally as the Labyrinthos Caves , consist of about two and a half miles of interlocking tunnels with widened chambers and dead-end rooms .
They have been visited since medieval times by travelers looking for the Labyrinth , but have been widely neglected since @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the 19th century .
“ If we look at the archaeological facts , it is extremely difficult to say that a Labyrinth ever existed…I think that each site has its claim to the mystery of the Labyrinth , but in the end , there are questions that neither archaeology nor mythology can ever completely hope to answer , ” Howarth concluded .

As mythology would have it, when Daedalus arrived in Crete, he was welcome at the court of Minos and his wife, Pasiphae. It didn’t take long for him to get into a complex situation there. Because Minos had kept a white bull given to him by Poseidon for the purpose of sacrifice, Poseidon had caused Pasiphae physically desire the pull.
Frightened by her desires, she asked Daedalus to fashion a wooden cow so she could hide and fulfill a relationship with the bull. As the story goes, she became pregnant and bore the Minotaur, a creature with a human body and a bull’s head. Out of fear, Minos asked Daedalus to build a Labyrinth from which her son, the Minotaur could not escape.
Now, a team of scholars has discovered a disused stone on the Crete, which some believe could be the original site of the ancient Labyrinth. The quarry is riddled with an elaborate network of underground tunnels that mirror the mythical maze that is believed to have once housed the half-bull, half-man Minotaur.
The Anglo-Greek team of scholars who undertook an expedition to the site this summer believes that the near town of Gortyn has as much claim to the location of the Labyrinth as the Minoan palace at Knossos 20 miles away, which has been synonymous with the Minotaur myth. Anyone who has visited the ruins at Knossos has been told it is believed to have once been the home of King Minos.
Nicholas Howarth, an Oxford University geographer who led the expedition, says that there is a danger of Gortyn being lost from the story of the Labyrinth because of the connection to Greek mythology.
“People come not just to see the controversial ruins excavated and reconstructed by Evans, but also to seek a connection to the mythical past of the Age of Heroes,” Howarth commented.
In fact, the caves in Gortyn, which are known locally as the Labyrinthos Caves, consist of about two and a half miles of interlocking tunnels with widened chambers and dead-end rooms. They have been visited since medieval times by travelers looking for the Labyrinth, but have been widely neglected since Knossos was rediscovered at the end of the 19th century.
“If we look at the archaeological facts, it is extremely difficult to say that a Labyrinth ever existed…I think that each site has its claim to the mystery of the Labyrinth, but in the end, there are questions that neither archaeology nor mythology can ever completely hope to answer,” Howarth concluded.


sciencevibe--2020-06-06--Mark Twain’s Most Memorable Quotes!

Mark Twain’s Most Memorable Quotes!

Samuel Langhorne Clemens ( November 30 , 1835 – April 21 , 1910 ) , better known by his pen name Mark Twain , was an American writer , humorist , entrepreneur , publisher , and lecturer .
Among his novels are The Adventures of Tom Sawyer ( 1876 ) and its sequel , Adventures of Huckleberry Finn ( 1885 ) , [ 2 ] the latter often called “ The Great American Novel ” .
Twain was raised in Hannibal , Missouri , which later provided the setting for Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn .
He served an apprenticeship @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a typesetter , contributing articles to the newspaper of his older brother Orion Clemens .
He later became a riverboat pilot on the Mississippi River before heading west to join Orion in Nevada .
He referred humorously to his lack of success at mining , turning to journalism for the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise .
In 1865 , his humorous story “ The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County ” was published , based on a story that he heard at Angels Hotel in Angels Camp , California where he had spent some @ @ @ @ @ @ @ story brought international attention and was even translated into classic Greek .
His wit and satire , in prose and in speech , earned praise from critics and peers , and he was a friend to presidents , artists , industrialists , and European royalty .
Twain earned a great deal of money from his writings and lectures , but he invested in ventures that lost most of it—notably the Paige Compositor , a mechanical typesetter that failed because of its complexity and imprecision .
He filed for bankruptcy in the wake of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ overcame his financial troubles with the help of Henry Huttleston Rogers .
He chose to pay all his pre-bankruptcy creditors in full , even though he had no legal responsibility to do so .
Twain was born shortly after an appearance of Halley ’ s Comet , and he predicted that he would “ go out with it ” as well ; he died the day after the comet returned .
He was lauded as the “ greatest American humorist of his age ” , and William Faulkner called him “ the father @ @ @ @ @ @ @ find yourself on the side of the majority , it is time to pause and reflect .
If you tell the truth , you don ’ t have to remember anything .

Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30, 1835 – April 21, 1910), better known by his pen name Mark Twain, was an American writer, humorist, entrepreneur, publisher, and lecturer. Among his novels are The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) and its sequel, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1885),[2] the latter often called “The Great American Novel”.
Twain was raised in Hannibal, Missouri, which later provided the setting for Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn. He served an apprenticeship with a printer and then worked as a typesetter, contributing articles to the newspaper of his older brother Orion Clemens. He later became a riverboat pilot on the Mississippi River before heading west to join Orion in Nevada. He referred humorously to his lack of success at mining, turning to journalism for the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise. In 1865, his humorous story “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County” was published, based on a story that he heard at Angels Hotel in Angels Camp, California where he had spent some time as a miner. The short story brought international attention and was even translated into classic Greek. His wit and satire, in prose and in speech, earned praise from critics and peers, and he was a friend to presidents, artists, industrialists, and European royalty.
Twain earned a great deal of money from his writings and lectures, but he invested in ventures that lost most of it—notably the Paige Compositor, a mechanical typesetter that failed because of its complexity and imprecision. He filed for bankruptcy in the wake of these financial setbacks, but he eventually overcame his financial troubles with the help of Henry Huttleston Rogers. He chose to pay all his pre-bankruptcy creditors in full, even though he had no legal responsibility to do so.
Twain was born shortly after an appearance of Halley’s Comet, and he predicted that he would “go out with it” as well; he died the day after the comet returned. He was lauded as the “greatest American humorist of his age”, and William Faulkner called him “the father of American literature”.
Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.
If you tell the truth, you don’t have to remember anything.


sciencevibe--2020-06-05--Supermassive Black Hole “JET” May Be 300,000 Light Years Long…Can You IMAGINE?

NASA has discovered a jet from a very distant supermassive black hole that is being illuminated by the oldest light in the Universe – the big bang .
This discovery may mean that black holes with powerful jets may be more common than previously thought in the first few billion years after the Big Bang .
Astronomers using NASA ’ s Chandra X-ray Observatory have discovered a jet from a very distant black hole .
And what makes it so noteworthy is that the leftover glow from the Big Bang made it possible .
This jet known as B3 0727+409 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ almost the very beginning of the cosmos , in fact the light emitted is about 2.7 billion years !
The length of the jet , found in the system known as B3 0727+409 , is at least 300,000 light years .
Many long jets emitted by supermassive black holes have been detected in the nearby Universe , but exactly how these jets give off X-rays has remained a matter of debate .
In B3 0727+409 , it appears that the CMB is being boosted to X-ray wavelengths .
An astrophysical jets are a @ @ @ @ @ @ @ it is distinguished by streams of matter being emitted along the axis of rotation of and object and in this the central object is a black hole .
When matter is emitted at speeds approaching the speed of light , the jets are called relativistic jets and scientists think that B3 0727+409 has electrons in the jet flying from the black hole at close to the speed of light .
As they move through the sea of CMB radiation and collide with microwave photons it boosts the energy of the photons up into @ @ @ @ @ @ @ detected by Chandra .
If this is true , it means that electrons in the B3 0727+409 jet have kept moving at nearly the speed of light for hundreds of thousands of light years .
The significance of this discovery is remarkable because astronomers found this jet while observing a galaxy cluster in the field , and that meansit means that there could be many more of them out there because astronomers haven ’ t been systematically looking for them .
The reason is that historically , distant jets have been discovered by @ @ @ @ @ @ @ observations to look for high-energy emission .
If bright X-ray jets can exist with very faint or undetected radio counterparts ,

NASA has discovered a jet from a very distant supermassive black hole that is being illuminated by the oldest light in the Universe – the big bang. This discovery may mean that black holes with powerful jets may be more common than previously thought in the first few billion years after the Big Bang. Astronomers using NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory have discovered a jet from a very distant black hole. And what makes it so noteworthy is that the leftover glow from the Big Bang made it possible. This jet known as B3 0727+409 allow astronomers to study black holes at almost the very beginning of the cosmos, in fact the light emitted is about 2.7 billion years!
The length of the jet, found in the system known as B3 0727+409, is at least 300,000 light years. Many long jets emitted by supermassive black holes have been detected in the nearby Universe, but exactly how these jets give off X-rays has remained a matter of debate. In B3 0727+409, it appears that the CMB is being boosted to X-ray wavelengths.
An astrophysical jets are a phenomenon often seen in astronomy and basically it is distinguished by streams of matter being emitted along the axis of rotation of and object and in this the central object is a black hole. When matter is emitted at speeds approaching the speed of light, the jets are called relativistic jets and scientists think that B3 0727+409 has electrons in the jet flying from the black hole at close to the speed of light.
As they move through the sea of CMB radiation and collide with microwave photons it boosts the energy of the photons up into the X-ray band to be which were detected by Chandra. If this is true, it means that electrons in the B3 0727+409 jet have kept moving at nearly the speed of light for hundreds of thousands of light years.
The significance of this discovery is remarkable because astronomers found this jet while observing a galaxy cluster in the field, and that meansit means that there could be many more of them out there because astronomers haven’t been systematically looking for them. The reason is that historically, distant jets have been discovered by radio waves then followed up with X-ray observations to look for high-energy emission. If bright X-ray jets can exist with very faint or undetected radio counterparts,
Via: NASA
Image credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC/ISAS/A. Simionescu et al, Optical: DSS


sciencevibe--2020-06-05--Carl Sagan Most Famous Quotes Including The One About Apple Pie

Carl Sagan said a lot things about lots of stuff , so we decided to round up his best quotes of all time including our favorite about Apple Pie .
As he put it , “ If you wish to make an apple pie from scratch , you must first invent the universe.
” Carl Edward Sagan was born on November 9 , 1934 and died at age 62 onDecember 20 , 1996 .
Sagan was universally popular and was an American astronomer , cosmologist , astrophysicist , astrobiologist , author , science popularizer , and science communicator in astronomy @ @ @ @ @ @ @ best known for his work as a science popularizer and communicator .
His best known scientific contribution is research on extraterrestrial life , including experimental demonstration of the production of amino acids from basic chemicals by radiation .
Sagan assembled the first physical messages sent into space : the Pioneer plaque and the Voyager Golden Record , universal messages that could potentially be understood by any extraterrestrial intelligence that might find them .
Sagan published more than 600 scientific papers and articles and was author , co-author or editor of more than 20 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ books , such as The Dragons of Eden , Broca ’ s Brain and Pale Blue Dot , and narrated and co-wrote the award-winning 1980 television series Cosmos : A Personal Voyage .
The most widely watched series in the history of American public television , Cosmos has been seen by at least 500 million people across 60 different countries .
The book Cosmos was published to accompany the series .
He also wrote the science fiction novel Contact , the basis for a 1997 film of the same name .
His papers @ @ @ @ @ @ @ at The Library of Congress .
Sagan always advocated scientific skeptical inquiry and the scientific method , pioneered exobiology and promoted the Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence ( SETI ) .
He spent most of his career as a professor of astronomy at Cornell University , where he directed the Laboratory for Planetary Studies .
Sagan and his works received numerous awards and honors , including the NASA Distinguished Public Service Medal , the National Academy of Sciences Public Welfare Medal , the Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction for his book The Dragons of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ A Personal Voyage , two Emmy Awards , the Peabody Award and the Hugo Award .
He married three times and had five children .
After suffering from myelodysplasia , Sagan died of pneumonia at the age of 62 , on December 20 , 1996 .
“ Science is not only compatible with spirituality ; it is a profound source of spirituality.
” “ The nitrogen in our DNA , the calcium in our teeth , the iron in our blood , the carbon in our apple pies were made in the interiors @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of starstuff.
” “ Every one of us is , in the cosmic perspective , precious .
If a human disagrees with you , let him live .
In a hundred billion galaxies , you will not find another.
” “ One glance at a book and you hear the voice of another person , perhaps someone dead for 1,000 years .
To read is to voyage through time.
” “ If you wish to make an apple pie from scratch , you must first invent the universe.
” “ For me , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ Universe as it really is than to persist in delusion , however satisfying and reassuring.
” “ Every one of us is , in the cosmic perspective , precious .
If a human disagrees with you , let him live .
In a hundred billion galaxies , you will not find another.
” “ Imagination will often carry us to worlds that never were , but without it we go nowhere.
” “ For small creatures such as we the vastness is bearable only through love.
” “ It pays to keep an @ @ @ @ @ @ @ your brains fall out.
” “ We are like butterflies who flutter for a day and think it is forever.
” “ The universe is a pretty big place .
If it ’ s just us , seems like an awful waste of space .
”

Carl Sagan said a lot things about lots of stuff, so we decided to round up his best quotes of all time including our favorite about Apple Pie. As he put it,“If you wish to make an apple pie from scratch, you must first invent the universe.”
Carl Edward Sagan was born on November 9, 1934 and died at age 62 onDecember 20, 1996. Sagan was universally popular and was an American astronomer, cosmologist, astrophysicist, astrobiologist, author, science popularizer, and science communicator in astronomy and other natural sciences. He is best known for his work as a science popularizer and communicator. His best known scientific contribution is research on extraterrestrial life, including experimental demonstration of the production of amino acids from basic chemicals by radiation. Sagan assembled the first physical messages sent into space: the Pioneer plaque and the Voyager Golden Record, universal messages that could potentially be understood by any extraterrestrial intelligence that might find them. Sagan published more than 600 scientific papers and articles and was author, co-author or editor of more than 20 books. He wrote many popular science books, such as The Dragons of Eden, Broca’s Brain and Pale Blue Dot, and narrated and co-wrote the award-winning 1980 television series Cosmos: A Personal Voyage. The most widely watched series in the history of American public television, Cosmos has been seen by at least 500 million people across 60 different countries. The book Cosmos was published to accompany the series. He also wrote the science fiction novel Contact, the basis for a 1997 film of the same name. His papers, containing 595,000 items, are archived at The Library of Congress.
Sagan always advocated scientific skeptical inquiry and the scientific method, pioneered exobiology and promoted the Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI). He spent most of his career as a professor of astronomy at Cornell University, where he directed the Laboratory for Planetary Studies. Sagan and his works received numerous awards and honors, including the NASA Distinguished Public Service Medal, the National Academy of Sciences Public Welfare Medal, the Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction for his book The Dragons of Eden, and, regarding Cosmos: A Personal Voyage, two Emmy Awards, the Peabody Award and the Hugo Award. He married three times and had five children. After suffering from myelodysplasia, Sagan died of pneumonia at the age of 62, on December 20, 1996.
“Science is not only compatible with spirituality; it is a profound source of spirituality.”
“The nitrogen in our DNA, the calcium in our teeth, the iron in our blood, the carbon in our apple pies were made in the interiors of collapsing stars. We are made of starstuff.”
“Every one of us is, in the cosmic perspective, precious. If a human disagrees with you, let him live. In a hundred billion galaxies, you will not find another.”
“One glance at a book and you hear the voice of another person, perhaps someone dead for 1,000 years. To read is to voyage through time.”
“If you wish to make an apple pie from scratch, you must first invent the universe.”
“For me, it is far better to grasp the Universe as it really is than to persist in delusion, however satisfying and reassuring.”
“Every one of us is, in the cosmic perspective, precious. If a human disagrees with you, let him live. In a hundred billion galaxies, you will not find another.”
“Imagination will often carry us to worlds that never were, but without it we go nowhere.”
“For small creatures such as we the vastness is bearable only through love.”
“It pays to keep an open mind, but not so open your brains fall out.”
“We are like butterflies who flutter for a day and think it is forever.”
“The universe is a pretty big place. If it’s just us, seems like an awful waste of space.”


sciencevibe--2020-06-05--Five Inventions That Say Nikola Tesla Was “The Greatest Geek Who Ever Lived”

Was Nikola Tesla “ the greatest geek who ever lived ?
” Here are 5 inventions that say “ yes.
” 1 .
Wireless energy transfer More than 120 years ago Tesla took the 1893 World Fair in Chicago by storm as he demonstrated that you could wirelessly transmit electricity using “ electrodynamic induction ” firing up a series of phosphorous light bulbs .
He wanted to shoot power over long distances in the atmosphere to provide the energy needed to live comfortably .
Now over a century later , Intel and Sony are developing non-radiative energy transfer to things @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to charge your battery without messy power cables .
J.P. Morgan backed Nikola Tesla with $ 150,000 to build a tower that would use the natural frequencies of our universe to transmit data , including a wide range of information communicated through images , voice messages , and text .
This represented the world ’ s first wireless communications , but it also meant that aside from the cost of the tower itself , the universe was filled with free energy that could be utilized to form a world wide web connecting all @ @ @ @ @ @ @ as allow people to harness the free energy around them .
2 .
X-rays Tesla ’ s research in the field of electromagnetism helped give radiologists everywhere the ability to peer into a person ’ s anatomy without cutting them open — a concept that , in the late 1800s , sounded far-fetched .
German physicist Willhelm Röntgen is credited with the discovery of X-rays in 1895 , but Tesla ’ s experiments conducted eight years prior underscore the inherent dangers of radiation on human flesh .
The main reason why Tesla ’ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ hasn ’ t become better known is that much of his work was lost when his laboratory in New York burnt down on March 13 , 1895 .
3 .
Death ray In the 1930s Tesla reportedly invented a particle beam weapon that some , ironically , called a “ peace ray , ” says Lauren Davis at io9 .
“ The device was , in theory , capable of generating an intense targeted beam of energy ” that could be used to dispose of enemy warplanes , foreign armies , “ or @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ’ t exist.
” The so-called “ death ray ” was never constructed , however , even though Tesla shopped the device around to various military divisions .
The plans for the laser were never found after Tesla ’ s death .
4 .
Robotics Tesla imagined that , in the future , a race of robots “ would be able to perform labor safely and effectively , ” says io9 ‘ s Davis .
In 1898 , he demonstrated a radio-controlled boat he ’ d invented , which many credit as “ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ envisioned a world filled with “ intelligent cars , robotic human companions , [ various ] sensors , and autonomous systems.
” Tesla maintained that these human replicas should have limitations including growth and propagation .
5 .
Earthquake machine “ In 1898 , Tesla claimed he had built and deployed a small oscillating device that , when attached to his office and operating , nearly shook down the building and everything around it , ” says Shea Gunther at Revmodo .
The device weighed just a few pounds , but Tesla was @ @ @ @ @ @ @ oscillator at such a frequency that each little vibration added just a little more energy to the wave of flex in the building .
“ Given enough little pushes , even the largest structure could be shaken apart.
” Realizing the potential terrors such a device could create , “ Tesla said he took a hammer to the oscillator to disable it , instructing his employees to claim ignorance to the cause of the tremors if asked .
”

Was Nikola Tesla “the greatest geek who ever lived?” Here are 5 inventions that say “yes.”
1. Wireless energy transfer
More than 120 years ago Tesla took the 1893 World Fair in Chicago by storm as he demonstrated that you could wirelessly transmit electricity using “electrodynamic induction” firing up a series of phosphorous light bulbs. He wanted to shoot power over long distances in the atmosphere to provide the energy needed to live comfortably.
Now over a century later, Intel and Sony are developing non-radiative energy transfer to things such as cell phones to allow you to charge your battery without messy power cables. J.P. Morgan backed Nikola Tesla with $150,000 to build a tower that would use the natural frequencies of our universe to transmit data, including a wide range of information communicated through images, voice messages, and text. This represented the world’s first wireless communications, but it also meant that aside from the cost of the tower itself, the universe was filled with free energy that could be utilized to form a world wide web connecting all people in all places, as well as allow people to harness the free energy around them.
2. X-rays
Tesla’s research in the field of electromagnetism helped give radiologists everywhere the ability to peer into a person’s anatomy without cutting them open — a concept that, in the late 1800s, sounded far-fetched. German physicist Willhelm Röntgen is credited with the discovery of X-rays in 1895, but Tesla’s experiments conducted eight years prior underscore the inherent dangers of radiation on human flesh. The main reason why Tesla’s contribution to the discovery of x-rays hasn’t become better known is that much of his work was lost when his laboratory in New York burnt down on March 13, 1895.
3. Death ray
In the 1930s Tesla reportedly invented a particle beam weapon that some, ironically, called a “peace ray,” says Lauren Davis at io9. “The device was, in theory, capable of generating an intense targeted beam of energy” that could be used to dispose of enemy warplanes, foreign armies, “or anything else you’d rather didn’t exist.” The so-called “death ray” was never constructed, however, even though Tesla shopped the device around to various military divisions. The plans for the laser were never found after Tesla’s death.
4. Robotics
Tesla imagined that, in the future, a race of robots “would be able to perform labor safely and effectively,” says io9‘s Davis. In 1898, he demonstrated a radio-controlled boat he’d invented, which many credit as “being the birth of robotics.” He envisioned a world filled with “intelligent cars, robotic human companions, [various] sensors, and autonomous systems.” Tesla maintained that these human replicas should have limitations including growth and propagation.
5. Earthquake machine
“In 1898, Tesla claimed he had built and deployed a small oscillating device that, when attached to his office and operating, nearly shook down the building and everything around it,” says Shea Gunther at Revmodo. The device weighed just a few pounds, but Tesla was able to tune the timing of the oscillator at such a frequency that each little vibration added just a little more energy to the wave of flex in the building. “Given enough little pushes, even the largest structure could be shaken apart.” Realizing the potential terrors such a device could create, “Tesla said he took a hammer to the oscillator to disable it, instructing his employees to claim ignorance to the cause of the tremors if asked.”
Via: The Week Magazine


sciencevibe--2020-06-05--The AMAZING Legless Leaping Fish’s SURPRISE Tactic To Avoid Predators! [VIDEO]

“ Avoiding predators might be an explanation of why some animals move from their ancestral homes into starkly different environments , but evidence for this is rare because it is difficult to collect , ” says study first author Dr Terry Ord of UNSW Sydney .
“ Our study of blennies on Rarotonga is the first to examine the pressures driving fish out of the water .
There obviously have to be some major benefits for fish to make the dramatic shift onto land .
Otherwise , why would they do it ?
It turns out the aquatic environment is @ @ @ @ @ @ @ of enemies wanting to eat these small fish .
But life is less hostile on the rocks , with birds their main worry , ” he says .
One of the world ’ s strangest animals — a legless , leaping fish that lives on land — uses camouflage to avoid attacks by predators such as birds , lizards and crabs , new research shows .
Researchers studied the unique fish — Pacific leaping blennies — in their natural habitat on the tropical island of Guam .
These terrestrial fish spend all of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ in the splash zone .
The study , by scientists at UNSW and the Australian National University , is published in The American Naturalist .
Rarotonga in the Cook Islands provides an extraordinary opportunity to study fish evolution in action because four species of blennies have independently emerged from the water to spend various amounts of time times on land .
The researchers observed the behaviour of three of these amphibious species , which divide their time between the water , the rock shelf in the intertidal zone , and the exposed land @ @ @ @ @ @ @ At low tide most of the blennies were on the rock shelf in the intertidal zone .
Those remaining in the water actively avoided areas where there were predators , such as flounders , trevallies , wrasses and moray eels , ” says Dr Ord .
“ As the tide came in and the rock shelf became submerged , most of the blennies moved to higher ground , above the high tide mark , apparently to avoid being eaten by the aquatic predators coming in with the rising water.
” The team also @ @ @ @ @ @ @ , and placed them in the water and on land above the high tide mark .
“ There were far more attacks on the model fish from predators in the ocean than predators on the shore , showing there are obvious benefits for blennies in becoming fish out of water and colonising the land , ” says Dr Ord .
Other reasons fish might move onto land could be to find new sources of food , to escape competition for resources , or to escape adverse fluctuations in water conditions .

“Avoiding predators might be an explanation of why some animals move from their ancestral homes into starkly different environments, but evidence for this is rare because it is difficult to collect,” says study first author Dr Terry Ord of UNSW Sydney. “Our study of blennies on Rarotonga is the first to examine the pressures driving fish out of the water. There obviously have to be some major benefits for fish to make the dramatic shift onto land. Otherwise, why would they do it? It turns out the aquatic environment is a nasty place for blennies, full of enemies wanting to eat these small fish. But life is less hostile on the rocks, with birds their main worry,” he says.
One of the world’s strangest animals — a legless, leaping fish that lives on land — uses camouflage to avoid attacks by predators such as birds, lizards and crabs, new research shows. Researchers studied the unique fish — Pacific leaping blennies — in their natural habitat on the tropical island of Guam. These terrestrial fish spend all of their adult lives living on the rocks in the splash zone.
The study, by scientists at UNSW and the Australian National University, is published in The American Naturalist.
Rarotonga in the Cook Islands provides an extraordinary opportunity to study fish evolution in action because four species of blennies have independently emerged from the water to spend various amounts of time times on land.
The researchers observed the behaviour of three of these amphibious species, which divide their time between the water, the rock shelf in the intertidal zone, and the exposed land above the high tide mark.
“At low tide most of the blennies were on the rock shelf in the intertidal zone. Those remaining in the water actively avoided areas where there were predators, such as flounders, trevallies, wrasses and moray eels,” says Dr Ord.
“As the tide came in and the rock shelf became submerged, most of the blennies moved to higher ground, above the high tide mark, apparently to avoid being eaten by the aquatic predators coming in with the rising water.”
The team also created 250 replica blennies out of plasticine, and placed them in the water and on land above the high tide mark.
“There were far more attacks on the model fish from predators in the ocean than predators on the shore, showing there are obvious benefits for blennies in becoming fish out of water and colonising the land,” says Dr Ord.
Other reasons fish might move onto land could be to find new sources of food, to escape competition for resources, or to escape adverse fluctuations in water conditions.
Story Source:


sciencevibe--2020-06-10--In Russia, An Arctic River Has Been Flooded With Over 20,000 Tons Of Diesel

Russian Authorities said that a river within the Arctic Circle has turned bright red after an industrial accident dumped over 20,000 tons of diesel into it .
The consequences of the accident are threatening in terms of the health and lives of local communities , they damage ecosystems , causing perish of fish and birds .
“ Diesel fuel is more toxic than the oil , and at the moment the circumstances appeared to be as massive as we can ’ t expect the efficient level of clean-up without contributions from Federal level , says Alexey Knizhnikov .
I ’ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to legislation of Russian Federation , oil spills exceeding 5 000 tonnes – are the Federal level concern ” .
The Ministry of Natural Resources and the Environment , and the Ministry of Transport of Russian Federation to provide assistance for organizing efficient oil spill response in the area on the Federal level .
The Marine Rescue Service in Russia reports : The accident at TPP-3 of Norilsk occurred on May 29 .
When the tank with diesel fuel was depressurized , about 20 thousand tons of oil products spilled .
Subdivisions of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the Norilsk-Taimyr Energy Company ( NTEK JSC , part of the Norilsk Nickel group ) immediately began to eliminate the consequences of the emergency .
By the morning of the next day , more than 800 tons of oil products were collected in the adjacent territory , the surface was treated with sorbents .
However , part of the spilled fuel fell into the Daldykan and Barn rivers .
For the non-proliferation of petroleum products down the river and into other bodies of water , boom barriers were deployed .
Further pollution of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ prevented .
To eliminate the consequences of the accident on the water and coastal surfaces , specialists from the marine rescue service were quickly involved , who already began work on June 1 .
All the work on the expeditious transfer of cargo and people to the scene of the disaster was undertaken by the Norilsk Nickel company , which took only 12 hours .
Given the scale of the accident and the complexity of the upcoming work , the leadership of the Marine Rescue Service sent sixteen rescuers from the Northern and @ @ @ @ @ @ @ forces .
The Maritime Service specialists brought with them the most advanced equipment capable of coping with the consequences of an accident of this magnitude as soon as possible .
These are oil gathering systems , booms , tanks for collecting oil-water mixture from the surface of the water , devices for spraying sorbents , etc .
Already on the first day several hundred tons of oil products were collected .
All work is carried out in accordance with the plan approved by the operational headquarters for the liquidation of the consequences of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ period is 14 days .

Russian Authorities said that a river within the Arctic Circle has turned bright red after an industrial accident dumped over 20,000 tons of diesel into it. The consequences of the accident are threatening in terms of the health and lives of local communities, they damage ecosystems, causing perish of fish and birds.
“Diesel fuel is more toxic than the oil, and at the moment the circumstances appeared to be as massive as we can’t expect the efficient level of clean-up without contributions from Federal level, says Alexey Knizhnikov. I’d like to remind you that according to legislation of Russian Federation, oil spills exceeding 5 000 tonnes – are the Federal level concern”.
The Ministry of Natural Resources and the Environment, and the Ministry of Transport of Russian Federation to provide assistance for organizing efficient oil spill response in the area on the Federal level.


sciencevibe--2020-06-10--Should Human Beings Be Trying to Contact Alien Civilizations? [VIDEO]

For more than 50 years , astronomers have been listening to space , hoping to pick up signals from other Aliens and Alien civilizations .
The project is called the Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence , or SETI .
In more than a half-century , we ’ ve heard absolutely nothing .
So can we—and better yet , should we—get the conversation with aliens started ?
Scientists don ’ t exactly agree on the matter .
But some feel like they at a party and no one is talking to them ?
That ’ s kind of how SETI scientists feel @ @ @ @ @ @ @ We are ready to talk , but so far no connection .
No go .
Some believe we should start beaming signals into the universe in a program called “ active SETI.
” Seth Shostak , an astronomer at the SETI Institute in Mountain View , like the idea .
Other scientists question the wisdom of broadcasting our existence to aliens—do we really want to be inviting extraterrestrials to visit or planet ?
“ There are some people who think it ’ s dangerous because you don ’ t know who ’ s @ @ @ @ @ @ @ He does not share those fears , however .
But assuming aliens are not peaceable travelers , their response to any communication could be hostile .
David Brin , a scientists and science fiction writer , has an interesting perspective on the matter .
He believes that broadcasting powerful signals would change the nature of our planet , making Earth more observable from space .
At the very least , he thinks “ active SETI ” should go through a standard environment review .
David Grinspoon is an astrobiologist who studies the possibilities @ @ @ @ @ @ @ works for the Planetary Science Institute in Washington , D.C. and believes the most important thing is that we make the decision as a group .
“ The more I think about it , the more it seems almost anti-human to say , ‘ I ’ m just going to be the ambassador for the whole human race and start broadcasting to aliens on my own , ” he comments .
One thing we know for sure is that researchers are taking the idea very seriously .
Even though we have not found @ @ @ @ @ @ @ life exists on other worlds .
Recently , we ’ ve learned that habitable planets are much more common than we once thought—and all we have to do is look at life on Earth to see that plenty of life can survive in extreme environments .
“ Everything we ’ ve learned about other planets and the diversity of life on Earth points us in the direction of believing there is abundant life elsewhere in the universe , ” Grinspoon argues .
The next assumption , of course , is that some of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ It ’ s not just a fantasy that someone might pick up a signal if we broadcast it .
It ’ s my belief that there probably are creatures out there .
And some of them probably have much more advanced technology than we do.
” Scientists have already been developing ways to communicate , like shooting a capsule into space or using light to communicate .
Douglas Vakoch of METI ( Messaging Extraterrestrial Intelligence ) International in San Francisco recommends beaming radio messages at other stars , aiming radar pulses at nearby @ @ @ @ @ @ @ out there are doing what we ’ re doing , ” Vakoch notes .
“ They ’ re listening , but they ’ re not transmitting.
” Active SETI , in contrast , “ is an attempt to let any civilization out there know not only that we ’ re here , but also that we ’ re interested in making contact.
” Vakoch believes it could be an opportunity to connect with a more advanced culture that could give us tools to solve Earth ’ s problems—but others have a less optimistic @ @ @ @ @ @ @ bearing in mind that every time human civilizations that didn ’ t know about each other came into contact , there was pain , ” Bring argues advising that government leaders should talk it over before making their next move .
“ Why did some contact situations [ in history ] go better than others ?
It turns out , there were some commonalities in the ones that were less painful .
This should be something we study , not something we avoid.
” Other scientists argue that we have probably already been @ @ @ @ @ @ @ anyways—not to mention the signals flying around between satellites .
We could have been transmitting for a century already .
“ The real question is should we transmit with the intention of being understood ?
” Philip Lubin , a physicist at the University of California , Santa Barbara , notes .
Grinspoon thinks we should learn how to communicate with each other , fist .
It ’ s actually more important to try to have a conversation with our fellow human beings than it is to have a conversation with aliens , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ our survival challenge .
”

For more than 50 years, astronomers have been listening to space, hoping to pick up signals from other Aliens and Alien civilizations. The project is called the Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence, or SETI. In more than a half-century, we’ve heard absolutely nothing. So can we—and better yet, should we—get the conversation with aliens started?
Scientists don’t exactly agree on the matter. But some feel like they at a party and no one is talking to them? That’s kind of how SETI scientists feel — but on a cosmic level. We are ready to talk, but so far no connection. No go.
Some believe we should start beaming signals into the universe in a program called “active SETI.” Seth Shostak, an astronomer at the SETI Institute in Mountain View, like the idea. Other scientists question the wisdom of broadcasting our existence to aliens—do we really want to be inviting extraterrestrials to visit or planet?
“There are some people who think it’s dangerous because you don’t know who’s out there,” Shostak comments. He does not share those fears, however.
But assuming aliens are not peaceable travelers, their response to any communication could be hostile. David Brin, a scientists and science fiction writer, has an interesting perspective on the matter. He believes that broadcasting powerful signals would change the nature of our planet, making Earth more observable from space. At the very least, he thinks “active SETI” should go through a standard environment review.
David Grinspoon is an astrobiologist who studies the possibilities of life throughout the universe. He works for the Planetary Science Institute in Washington, D.C. and believes the most important thing is that we make the decision as a group.
“The more I think about it, the more it seems almost anti-human to say, ‘I’m just going to be the ambassador for the whole human race and start broadcasting to aliens on my own,” he comments.
One thing we know for sure is that researchers are taking the idea very seriously. Even though we have not found extraterrestrials, many scientists are confident that life exists on other worlds. Recently, we’ve learned that habitable planets are much more common than we once thought—and all we have to do is look at life on Earth to see that plenty of life can survive in extreme environments.
“Everything we’ve learned about other planets and the diversity of life on Earth points us in the direction of believing there is abundant life elsewhere in the universe,” Grinspoon argues. The next assumption, of course, is that some of this life would be intelligent. “It’s not just a fantasy that someone might pick up a signal if we broadcast it. It’s my belief that there probably are creatures out there. And some of them probably have much more advanced technology than we do.”
Scientists have already been developing ways to communicate, like shooting a capsule into space or using light to communicate. Douglas Vakoch of METI (Messaging Extraterrestrial Intelligence) International in San Francisco recommends beaming radio messages at other stars, aiming radar pulses at nearby star systems.
“Maybe some civilizations out there are doing what we’re doing,” Vakoch notes. “They’re listening, but they’re not transmitting.”
Active SETI, in contrast, “is an attempt to let any civilization out there know not only that we’re here, but also that we’re interested in making contact.” Vakoch believes it could be an opportunity to connect with a more advanced culture that could give us tools to solve Earth’s problems—but others have a less optimistic perspective.
“It’s worth bearing in mind that every time human civilizations that didn’t know about each other came into contact, there was pain,” Bring argues advising that government leaders should talk it over before making their next move. “Why did some contact situations [in history] go better than others? It turns out, there were some commonalities in the ones that were less painful. This should be something we study, not something we avoid.”
Other scientists argue that we have probably already been communicating through FM radio and television signals anyways—not to mention the signals flying around between satellites. We could have been transmitting for a century already.
“The real question is should we transmit with the intention of being understood?” Philip Lubin, a physicist at the University of California, Santa Barbara, notes.
Grinspoon thinks we should learn how to communicate with each other, fist.
It’s actually more important to try to have a conversation with our fellow human beings than it is to have a conversation with aliens,” he says. “That is our survival challenge.”
Source: Science News for Students


sciencevibe--2020-06-08--Now the Smartest Kid In World Explains “What God is…” [VIDEO]

And that is , and Max explains , “ God is the Energy that is in us , created us , and is us.
” Can you explain that in clear concise terms ?
That ’ s exactly what 13-year-old Genius Max Loughan just did .
Max Loughan is not just any kid .
He has become famous across the world for presenting his fascinating ideas on topics like the nature of the universe and alternate realities .
He even invented a free energy device—a proposal that could eventually power the entire world for free .
Max Loughan ( born @ @ @ @ @ @ @ American teenage science hobbyist , speaker and occasional media personality who created a crystal radio from items found around his family ’ s home in Incline Village , Nevada .
The device , which purportedly harnesses energy from radio waves , incorporates some of the principles developed by Nikola Tesla in the early 20th century .
Loughan is a young self-proclaimed theoretical physicist .
Loughan has taken part in several events , including the Nexus Global Youth Summit 2013 and Eco SXSW in October 2016 in Austin , Texas .
In February 2017 @ @ @ @ @ @ @ keynote speaker at the Global Green and Flaunt Magazine Academy Awards fundraiser at TAO in Hollywood , California , alongside Orlando Bloom , Jeff Bridges and Oliver Stone .
In March 2017 , Loughan was a panellist at the World Science Festival in Brisbane hosted by Nobel laureate Professor Brian Schmidt .

And that is, and Max explains, “God is the Energy that is in us, created us, and is us.” Can you explain that in clear concise terms?
That’s exactly what 13-year-old Genius Max Loughan just did. Max Loughan is not just any kid. He has become famous across the world for presenting his fascinating ideas on topics like the nature of the universe and alternate realities. He even invented a free energy device—a proposal that could eventually power the entire world for free.
Max Loughan (born November 14, 2002) is an American teenage science hobbyist, speaker and occasional media personality who created a crystal radio from items found around his family’s home in Incline Village, Nevada. The device, which purportedly harnesses energy from radio waves, incorporates some of the principles developed by Nikola Tesla in the early 20th century.
Loughan is a young self-proclaimed theoretical physicist. Loughan has taken part in several events, including the Nexus Global Youth Summit 2013 and Eco SXSW in October 2016 in Austin, Texas. In February 2017, Loughan was an honoree and a keynote speaker at the Global Green and Flaunt Magazine Academy Awards fundraiser at TAO in Hollywood, California, alongside Orlando Bloom, Jeff Bridges and Oliver Stone. In March 2017, Loughan was a panellist at the World Science Festival in Brisbane hosted by Nobel laureate Professor Brian Schmidt.
Loughan began taking college-level on-line courses at MIT at age 14.


sciencevibe--2020-06-17--‘Hobbits’ Are Proven To Be Legitimate ‘Human Species’

When the 1-meter-tall ancient human nicknamed “ the hobbit ” was discovered in 2004 it shocked the world , leaving supporters and skeptics longing for more fossils .
Homo floresiensis stood about three and a half feet ( 1.1 meters ) tall and weighed around 75 pounds ( 35 kilograms ) and was originally discovered in 2003 in Liang Bua cave .
The new fossil discovery has provided more clues .
“ Since 2007 , a lot more of the cave has been excavated , ” says study co-author Matthew Tocheri of Lakehead University in Thunder Bay , Ontario .
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ in the cave were not all evenly deposited and so varied widely in age even at similar depths which pointed to where to dig .
However they only found a fragment of jaw and isolated teeth—but the fossils ’ diminutive size suggests they belong to the hobbit ’ s species , Homo floresiensis , or a precursor to it .
They are securely dated to 700,000 years ago , hundreds of thousands of years earlier than the hobbit—and they are about 20 % smaller Homo floresiensis was famously nicknamed for the diminutive heroes @ @ @ @ @ @ @ novelsthe classic high-fantasy works The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings .
Researchers believe that the real-life hobbits made stone tools and might have survived predatory attacks from komodo dragons .
Anthropologists on the original discovery team originally estimated that theseHomo floresiensis may have lived as recently as 12,000 years ago , which would mean that they outlived Neanderthals and might well have crossed paths with modern humans .
The prevailing theory is that H. floresiensis is either a descendent of a hominin that arrived on Indonesia in hobbit form , or @ @ @ @ @ @ @ its smaller stature once on the island .
This evolutionary process , called “ island dwarfism ” , occurs when a species becomes progressively smaller to reduce its food requirements on a resource-deficient island .
The excavation site at Liang Bua was littered with remnants of pygmy elephants , which adds credence to this theory , showed the same .
The smallest known species of Homo and Stegodon elephant are both found on the island of Flores , Indonesia .
However , some scientists are now considering the possibility that the ancestors of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ they first reached Flores .
Homo floresiensis , as its name indicates , lived on the island of Flores ( Indonesia ) only between 95,000 and 12,000 years ago .
It was discovered 12 years ago .
It is the only site where this species is found and now we have remains of at least 12 individuals with the same traits , so it qualifies as another species .

When the 1-meter-tall ancient human nicknamed “the hobbit” was discovered in 2004 it shocked the world, leaving supporters and skeptics longing for more fossils. Homo floresiensis stood about three and a half feet (1.1 meters) tall and weighed around 75 pounds (35 kilograms) and was originally discovered in 2003 in Liang Bua cave. The new fossil discovery has provided more clues. “Since 2007, a lot more of the cave has been excavated,” says study co-author Matthew Tocheri of Lakehead University in Thunder Bay, Ontario. Researchers found that the layers of sediment in the cave were not all evenly deposited and so varied widely in age even at similar depths which pointed to where to dig.
However they only found a fragment of jaw and isolated teeth—but the fossils’ diminutive size suggests they belong to the hobbit’s species, Homo floresiensis, or a precursor to it. They are securely dated to 700,000 years ago, hundreds of thousands of years earlier than the hobbit—and they are about 20% smaller
Homo floresiensis was famously nicknamed for the diminutive heroes in J.R.R. Tolkien’s famous novelsthe classic high-fantasy works The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings. Researchers believe that the real-life hobbits made stone tools and might have survived predatory attacks from komodo dragons. Anthropologists on the original discovery team originally estimated that theseHomo floresiensis may have lived as recently as 12,000 years ago, which would mean that they outlived Neanderthals and might well have crossed paths with modern humans. The prevailing theory is that H. floresiensis is either a descendent of a hominin that arrived on Indonesia in hobbit form, or a descendent ofHomo erectus that evolved into its smaller stature once on the island. This evolutionary process, called “island dwarfism”, occurs when a species becomes progressively smaller to reduce its food requirements on a resource-deficient island. The excavation site at Liang Bua was littered with remnants of pygmy elephants, which adds credence to this theory, showed the same adaptation . The smallest known species of Homo and Stegodon elephant are both found on the island of Flores, Indonesia. However, some scientists are now considering the possibility that the ancestors of H. floresiensis may have been small when they first reached Flores.
Homo floresiensis, as its name indicates, lived on the island of Flores (Indonesia) only between 95,000 and 12,000 years ago. It was discovered 12 years ago. It is the only site where this species is found and now we have remains of at least 12 individuals with the same traits, so it qualifies as another species.
Via: National Geographic, Science


sciencevibe--2020-06-17--“Bromance” Between Mark Twain & Nikola Tesla Had It’s Strange Moments

Mark Twain & Nikola Tesla “ Bromance ” & Experiments With AC : In an 1895 Century magazine article detailing Serbian-American inventor Nikola Tesla ’ s experiments in alternating currents , a surprising face appears in some of the photographs : gamely demonstrating Tesla ’ s discoveries is none other than famous American author Mark Twain .
In the photo shown , which taken in April of 1894 , Twain demonstrates the use of the human body as a conductor of electricity while Tesla looks on .
They had quite the interesting friendship over the years.Twain “ cured ” Tesla @ @ @ @ @ @ @ : “ I had hardly completed my course at the Real Gymnasium when I was prostrated with a dangerous illness or rather , a score of them , and my condition became so desperate that I was given up by physicians .
During this period I was permitted to read constantly , obtaining books from the Public Library which had been neglected and entrusted to me for classification of the works and preparation of the catalogues .
One day I was handed a few volumes of new literature unlike anything I had ever @ @ @ @ @ @ @ make me utterly forget my hopeless state .
They were the earlier works of Mark Twain and to them might have been due the miraculous recovery which followed .
Twenty-five years later , when I met Mr. Clemens and we formed a friendship between us , I told him of the experience and was amazed to see that great man of laughter burst into tears.
” And Tesla once cured Twain ’ s constipation by having him stand on a “ healing machine ” .
The two met through a New York City @ @ @ @ @ @ @ a PBS NewsHour article , their friendship reached a new level when Tesla used his oscillator , a vibrating platform , to help Twain with a very intimate issue .
Namely , Mark Twain almost crapped in his pants and had to run to the toilet !
Twain was known for having digestive problems , so Tesla , who knew Twain through their gentlemen ’ s club , invited him over .
He instructed Twain to stand on the platform while he flipped on the oscillator .
After about 90 seconds , Twain @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the facilities .
And in later years , Clemens would regularly visit with Tesla , engaging in stunningly intelligent entertainment such as shooting an x-ray gun at his head for fun .
There are even rumors that Twain ’ s story A Connecticut Yankee In King Arthur ’ s Court , an early sci-fi classic , based its main character around Tesla .
People aren ’ t aware that Nikola Tesla was close friends with conservationist John Muir , one of the founders of the Sierra Club , loved that Tesla ’ s @ @ @ @ @ @ @ system .
It runs on waterfalls , which Tesla referred to as “ running on the wheelwork of nature.
” Also among his friends : financiers Henry Clay Frick and Thomas Fortune Ryan .
“ He lived in the Waldorf Astoria , at the height of the gilded age , ” Seifer said , adding that his fame later in life lessened .

Mark Twain & Nikola Tesla “Bromance” & Experiments With AC: In an 1895 Century magazine article detailing Serbian-American inventor Nikola Tesla’s experiments in alternating currents, a surprising face appears in some of the photographs: gamely demonstrating Tesla’s discoveries is none other than famous American author Mark Twain. In the photo shown, which taken in April of 1894, Twain demonstrates the use of the human body as a conductor of electricity while Tesla looks on. They had quite the interesting friendship over the years.Twain “cured” Tesla of an illness who wrote the following:
“I had hardly completed my course at the Real Gymnasium when I was prostrated with a dangerous illness or rather, a score of them, and my condition became so desperate that I was given up by physicians. During this period I was permitted to read constantly, obtaining books from the Public Library which had been neglected and entrusted to me for classification of the works and preparation of the catalogues. One day I was handed a few volumes of new literature unlike anything I had ever read before and so captivating as to make me utterly forget my hopeless state. They were the earlier works of Mark Twain and to them might have been due the miraculous recovery which followed. Twenty-five years later, when I met Mr. Clemens and we formed a friendship between us, I told him of the experience and was amazed to see that great man of laughter burst into tears.”
And Tesla once cured Twain’s constipation by having him stand on a “healing machine”. The two met through a New York City social club both attended . According to a PBS NewsHour article, their friendship reached a new level when Tesla used his oscillator, a vibrating platform, to help Twain with a very intimate issue. Namely, Mark Twain almost crapped in his pants and had to run to the toilet!
Twain was known for having digestive problems, so Tesla, who knew Twain through their gentlemen’s club, invited him over. He instructed Twain to stand on the platform while he flipped on the oscillator. After about 90 seconds, Twain jumped off the platform and ran for the facilities.
And in later years, Clemens would regularly visit with Tesla, engaging in stunningly intelligent entertainment such as shooting an x-ray gun at his head for fun. There are even rumors that Twain’s story A Connecticut Yankee In King Arthur’s Court, an early sci-fi classic, based its main character around Tesla. People aren’t aware that Nikola Tesla was close friends with conservationist John Muir, one of the founders of the Sierra Club, loved that Tesla’s hydroelectric power system was a clean energy system. It runs on waterfalls, which Tesla referred to as “running on the wheelwork of nature.” Also among his friends: financiers Henry Clay Frick and Thomas Fortune Ryan. “He lived in the Waldorf Astoria, at the height of the gilded age,” Seifer said, adding that his fame later in life lessened.


sciencevibe--2020-06-15--TITANOBOA “Greatest Discovery Since the T-Rex!”

A new study appearing in the Sept. 15 journal Palaeontology , University of Florida researchers describe a new 20-foot extinct species -Acherontisuchus guajiraensis- discovered in the same Colombian coal mine as Titanoboa , the world ’ s largest snake .
Which is the first time scientists have found that they both in the oldest known rainforest ecosystem .
Acherontisuchus guajiraensis is a 60-million-year-old ancestor of crocodiles was discovered along with Titanoboa , the world ’ s largest snake , and scientists say that the relative to modern crocodiles specialized in eating fish , meaning it competed with Titanoboa for food @ @ @ @ @ @ @ consumed its competition , too , researchers say .
Incidently , Acherontisuchus guajiraensis , is the first known land animal from the Paleocene New World tropics .
“ The younger individuals were definitely not safe from Titanoboa , but the biggest of these species would have been a bit much for the 42-foot snake to handle , ” said lead author Alex Hastings , a graduate student at the Florida Museum of Natural History and UF ’ s department of geological sciences .
The Titanoboa found in the mine was huge .
“ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ the 30- to 35-foot range , ” Bloch said of the new find , but size was not what he was thinking about .
And the find was unusual was , “ You just never find a snake skull , and we have one , ” Bloch said .
Snake skulls are made of several delicate bones that are not very well fused together .
“ When the animal dies , the skull falls apart , ” Bloch explained .
“ The bones get lost.
” Discovery offers a whole new set of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ scientist have been hoping to find for years .
“ It offers a whole new set of characteristics , ” Bloch said .
The skull will enhance researchers ’ ability to compare Titanoboa to other snakes and figure out where it sits on the evolutionary tree .
It will provide further information about its size and what it ate .
Even better , added Head is that , “ our hypothesis is that the skull matches the skeleton .
We think it ’ s one animal.
” “ We ’ re facing some @ @ @ @ @ @ @ said .
“ A lot of them have to do with climate and if we want to understand how living things are going to respond to changes in climate , we need to understand how they responded in the past .
This really is a wonderful group for that because they managed to survive some catastrophes , but they seemed not to survive others and their diversity does seem to change along with these ecological signals.
” The species is the second ancient crocodyliform found in the Cerrejon mine of northern Colombia , @ @ @ @ @ @ @ open-pit coal mines .
The excavations were led by study co-authors Jonathan Bloch , Florida Museum associate curator of vertebrate paleontology , and paleobotanist Carlos Jaramillo of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute .
It ’ s one of the greatest discoveries since the T-Rex In the pantheon of predators , it ’ s one of the greatest discoveries since the T-Rex : a snake 48 feet long , weighing in at 2,500 pounds .
Uncovered from a treasure trove of fossils in a Colombian coal mine , this serpent is revealing a lost @ @ @ @ @ @ @ to the period following the extinction of dinosaurs and encounter this monster predator .
“ This one is related to a group that typically had these long snouts ” Hastings said .
“ It would have had a relatively similar diet to the other ( coastal ) species , but surprisingly it lived in a more freshwater environment.
” The genus is named for the river Acheron from Greek mythology , “ the river of woe , ” since the animal lived in a wide river that emptied into the Caribbean .
Unlike @ @ @ @ @ @ @ area , which had a more generalized diet , the snout of the new species was long , narrow and full of pointed teeth , showing a specialization for hunting the lungfish and relatives of bonefish that inhabited the water .
“ The general common wisdom was that ancestrally all crocodyliforms looked like a modern alligator , that all of these strange forms descended from a more generalized ancestor , but these guys are showing that sometimes one kind of specialized animal evolved from a very different specialized animal , not a generalized @ @ @ @ @ @ @ It ’ s really showing us a level of complexity to the history that 10 years ago was not anticipated.
” During the Paleocene in South America , the environment was dominated by reptiles , including giant snakes , turtles and crocodiles .
The dyrosaurid family originated in Africa about 75 million years ago , toward the end of the age of dinosaurs , and arrived in South America by swimming across the Atlantic Ocean .
“ The same thing that snuffed out the dinosaurs killed off most of the crocodiles alive at @ @ @ @ @ @ @ “ The dyrosaurids are one of the few groups to survive the extinction and later become more successful .
”

A new study appearing in the Sept. 15 journal Palaeontology, University of Florida researchers describe a new 20-foot extinct species -Acherontisuchus guajiraensis- discovered in the same Colombian coal mine as Titanoboa, the world’s largest snake. Which is the first time scientists have found that they both in the oldest known rainforest ecosystem. Acherontisuchus guajiraensis is a 60-million-year-old ancestor of crocodiles was discovered along with Titanoboa, the world’s largest snake, and scientists say that the relative to modern crocodiles specialized in eating fish, meaning it competed with Titanoboa for food. But the giant snake could have consumed its competition, too, researchers say. Incidently, Acherontisuchus guajiraensis, is the first known land animal from the Paleocene New World tropics. “The younger individuals were definitely not safe from Titanoboa, but the biggest of these species would have been a bit much for the 42-foot snake to handle,” said lead author Alex Hastings, a graduate student at the Florida Museum of Natural History and UF’s department of geological sciences.
The Titanoboa found in the mine was huge. “It’s probably an animal in the 30- to 35-foot range,” Bloch said of the new find, but size was not what he was thinking about. And the find was unusual was, “You just never find a snake skull, and we have one,” Bloch said. Snake skulls are made of several delicate bones that are not very well fused together. “When the animal dies, the skull falls apart,” Bloch explained. “The bones get lost.”
Discovery offers a whole new set of characteristics
The snake skull was exactly what scientist have been hoping to find for years. “It offers a whole new set of characteristics,” Bloch said. The skull will enhance researchers’ ability to compare Titanoboa to other snakes and figure out where it sits on the evolutionary tree. It will provide further information about its size and what it ate. Even better, added Head is that, “our hypothesis is that the skull matches the skeleton. We think it’s one animal.”
“We’re facing some serious ecological changes now,” Brochu said. “A lot of them have to do with climate and if we want to understand how living things are going to respond to changes in climate, we need to understand how they responded in the past. This really is a wonderful group for that because they managed to survive some catastrophes, but they seemed not to survive others and their diversity does seem to change along with these ecological signals.”
The species is the second ancient crocodyliform found in the Cerrejon mine of northern Colombia, one of the world’s largest open-pit coal mines. The excavations were led by study co-authors Jonathan Bloch, Florida Museum associate curator of vertebrate paleontology, and paleobotanist Carlos Jaramillo of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute.
It’s one of the greatest discoveries since the T-Rex
In the pantheon of predators, it’s one of the greatest discoveries since the T-Rex: a snake 48 feet long, weighing in at 2,500 pounds. Uncovered from a treasure trove of fossils in a Colombian coal mine, this serpent is revealing a lost world of giant creatures. Travel back to the period following the extinction of dinosaurs and encounter this monster predator.
“This one is related to a group that typically had these long snouts” Hastings said. “It would have had a relatively similar diet to the other (coastal) species, but surprisingly it lived in a more freshwater environment.” The genus is named for the river Acheron from Greek mythology, “the river of woe,” since the animal lived in a wide river that emptied into the Caribbean. Unlike the first crocodile relative found in the area, which had a more generalized diet, the snout of the new species was long, narrow and full of pointed teeth, showing a specialization for hunting the lungfish and relatives of bonefish that inhabited the water. “The general common wisdom was that ancestrally all crocodyliforms looked like a modern alligator, that all of these strange forms descended from a more generalized ancestor, but these guys are showing that sometimes one kind of specialized animal evolved from a very different specialized animal, not a generalized one,” Brochu said. “It’s really showing us a level of complexity to the history that 10 years ago was not anticipated.” During the Paleocene in South America, the environment was dominated by reptiles, including giant snakes, turtles and crocodiles. The dyrosaurid family originated in Africa about 75 million years ago, toward the end of the age of dinosaurs, and arrived in South America by swimming across the Atlantic Ocean. “The same thing that snuffed out the dinosaurs killed off most of the crocodiles alive at the time,” Hastings said. “The dyrosaurids are one of the few groups to survive the extinction and later become more successful.”


sciencevibe--2020-06-08--“Galactic Year” Marks The Unbelievable Journey Of The Sun’s Orbit Around Milky Way

Astonishing Length Of A Galactic Year | Sun ’ s Orbit Around Milky Way : The moon orbits the Earth , the Earth orbits the sun , and the sun orbits the Milky Way and in 1999 , Astronomers focused on a star at the center of the Milky Way and measured precisely for the first time how long it takes the sun to complete one orbit ( a galactic year ) of our home galaxy .
The answer 226 million years .
That means that when the last galactic orbit was completed , dinosaurs ruled the world .
The @ @ @ @ @ @ @ about 20–25 orbits during its lifetime or 0.0008 orbit since the origin of humans since it was formed around 4.5 billion years ago .
Using the Hubble Space Telescope , the astronomers focused on Sagittarius A , a star discovered over two decades ago to mark the Milky Way ’ s center and plotted the motion of the Milky Way and found that the sun and its family of planets were orbiting the galaxy at about 135 miles per second which means the sun circles the Milky Way at a speed of about @ @ @ @ @ @ @ in mind that every object in the universe is moving apart from the other objects as the universe expands at a constantly accelerating rate .
Thea astronomer ’ s measurement supports the idea that the Milky Way ’ s center contains a supermassive black hole which is about 2.6 million times more massive than the sun .
The sun is one of about 100 billion stars in the Milky Way , one of billions of ordinary galaxies in the universe .
The Milky Way is a spiral galaxy , with curving arms of @ @ @ @ @ @ @ system is about halfway out on one of these arms and is about 26,000 light years from the center .
A light year is about 6 trillion miles

Astonishing Length Of A Galactic Year | Sun’s Orbit Around Milky Way: The moon orbits the Earth, the Earth orbits the sun, and the sun orbits the Milky Way and in 1999, Astronomers focused on a star at the center of the Milky Way and measured precisely for the first time how long it takes the sun to complete one orbit (a galactic year) of our home galaxy. The answer 226 million years. That means that when the last galactic orbit was completed, dinosaurs ruled the world. The Solar System is thought to have completed about 20–25 orbits during its lifetime or 0.0008 orbit since the origin of humans since it was formed around 4.5 billion years ago.
Using the Hubble Space Telescope, the astronomers focused on Sagittarius A, a star discovered over two decades ago to mark the Milky Way’s center and plotted the motion of the Milky Way and found that the sun and its family of planets were orbiting the galaxy at about 135 miles per second which means the sun circles the Milky Way at a speed of about 486,000 miles per hour. And keep in mind that every object in the universe is moving apart from the other objects as the universe expands at a constantly accelerating rate. Thea astronomer’s measurement supports the idea that the Milky Way’s center contains a supermassive black hole which is about 2.6 million times more massive than the sun.